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SEGMENT REPORTING (Ares Holdings, Inc. and Ares Investments LLC)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2014
Ares Holdings, Inc. and Ares Investments LLC
 
SEGMENT REPORTING

12. SEGMENT REPORTING

        The Company conducts its alternative asset management business through four operating segments:

  • Tradable Credit Group:  The Company's Tradable Credit Group is a participant in the tradable, non-investment grade corporate credit markets with approximately $31.4 billion of assets under management as of March 31, 2014. The group manages various types of investment funds, ranging from comingled and separately managed accounts for institutional investors to publicly traded vehicles and sub-advised funds for retail investors. While each of the group's approximately 70 funds is tailored to specific investment objectives, mandates can be broadly categorized between long-only credit and alternative credit investment strategies. Long-only credit funds primarily seek to outperform the corresponding performing bank loan or high yield market indices. Alternative credit funds primarily seek to deliver compelling absolute risk-adjusted returns relative to publicly traded stocks, hedge funds, distressed funds, bank loans, high yield bonds or other investment types.

    Direct Lending Group:  The Company's Direct Lending Group is a direct lender to the U.S. and European markets, with approximately $27.6 billion of assets under management across over 30 funds or investment vehicles as of March 31, 2014. The group provides one-stop financing solutions to small-to-medium sized companies, which the Company believes are increasingly underserved by traditional lenders. The group launched its inaugural vehicle dedicated to direct lending, ARCC, ten years ago as a business development company. In 2007, the group extended its direct lending capabilities into Europe and raised its first dedicated fund. The group generates fees from over 30 other funds that include separately managed accounts for large institutional investors seeking tailored investment solutions, comingled funds and joint venture lending programs with affiliates of General Electric Company.

    Private Equity Group:  The Company's Private Equity Group has approximately $9.8 billion of assets under management as of March 31, 2014. The group focuses on majority or shared-control investments, principally in under-capitalized companies. The group manages five private equity comingled funds which focus primarily on markets in North America, and to a lesser extent, Europe and Asia.

    Real Estate Group:  The Company's Real Estate Group manages comprehensive public and private equity and debt strategies, with approximately $8.3 billion of assets under management as of March 31, 2014. The group focuses on lending and investing assets that have been under-managed or need repositioning in their markets. The group provides investors access to its capabilities through its publicly traded commercial mortgage REIT, ACRE, focused on direct lending on properties owned by commercial real estate sponsors and operators, U.S. and European real estate private equity comingled funds, separately managed accounts and other fund types. In addition to the $8.3 billion of assets under management, the Company services a portfolio of over $5.2 billion in mortgage loans principally through a subsidiary of ACRE.

        The Company established an Operations Management Group (the "OMG") that consists of five independent, shared resource groups to support the Company's operating segments by providing infrastructure and administrative support in the areas of accounting/finance, operations/information technology, business development, legal/compliance and human resources. Additionally, the OMG provides services to certain of the Company's investment companies and partnerships, which reimburse the OMG for expenses equal to the costs of services provided. The Company's clients seek to partner with investment management firms that not only have compelling investment track records across multiple investment products but also possess seasoned infrastructure support functions. As such, significant investments have been made to develop the OMG. The Company has successfully launched new business lines, integrated acquired businesses into the operations and created scale within the OMG to support a much larger platform in the future. The OMG's expenses are not allocated to the Company's four reportable segments but the Company does consider the cost structure of the OMG when evaluating its financial performance.

        Economic net income ("ENI") is a key performance indicator used in the alternative asset management industry. ENI represents net income excluding (a) income tax expense, (b) operating results of Consolidated Funds, (c) depreciation expense, (d) the effects of changes arising from corporate actions and (e) certain other items that the Company does not believe are indicative of its performance. Changes arising from corporate actions include equity-based compensation expenses, the amortization of intangible assets, transaction costs associated with acquisitions and capital transactions, placement fees and underwriting costs and expenses incurred in connection with corporate reorganization. The Company believes the exclusion of these items provides investors with a meaningful indication of the Company's core operating performance. ENI is evaluated regularly by management as a decision tool for deployment of resources and assess performances of each of the business segments. The Company believes that reporting ENI is helpful in understanding its business and that investors should review the same supplemental non-U.S. GAAP financial measures that management uses to analyze the segment performance. These measures supplement and should be considered in addition to, and not in lieu of, the Combined and Consolidated Statements of Operations prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

        Fee related earnings ("FRE") is a component of ENI and is used to assess the ability of the business to cover direct base compensation and operating expenses from total management fees. FRE differs from income before taxes computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP as it adjusts for the items included in the calculation of ENI and excludes performance fee income, performance fee compensation expenses and investment income from Consolidated Funds and certain other items.

        Performance related earnings ("PRE") is a measure used to assess the Company's investment performance and its ability to cover performance fee compensation expenses from performance fee income and total investment income. PRE differs from income before taxes computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP as it only includes performance fee income, performance fee compensation expense and total investment income earned from Consolidated Funds and non-consolidated funds.

        Distributable earnings ("DE") is a pre-income tax measure that is used to assess performance and amounts potentially available for distributions to stakeholders. Distributable earnings is calculated as the sum of FRE, realized performance fees, realized performance fee compensation expense and realized net other income, and further adjusts for expenses arising from transaction costs associated with acquisitions, placement fees and underwriting costs, expenses incurred in connection with corporate reorganization and depreciation. Distributable earnings differs from income (loss) before taxes computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP as it is presented before giving effect to unrealized performance fee income, unrealized performance fee compensation expense, unrealized net investment income, amortization of intangibles, equity compensation expense and is further adjusted by certain items described in the table set forth in (d) below.

        Management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of the Company's business segments based on financial and operating metrics and other data that is presented before giving effect to the consolidation of any of the Consolidated Funds. Consequently, all segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results related to the Consolidated Funds and non-consolidated funds.

        The following table presents the financial results for the Company's operating segments, as well as the OMG, as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2014:

 
  Private
Equity
Group
  Direct
Lending
Group
  Tradable
Credit
Group
  Real
Estate
Group
  Total
Segments
  OMG   Total
Stand
Alone
 

Management fees

                                           

Recurring fees (includes, in the case of the Direct Lending Group, $28,318 of ARCC Part I Fees)

  $ 23,196   $ 66,204   $ 33,693   $ 16,768   $ 139,861   $   $ 139,861  

Previously deferred fees

                             
                               

Total management fees

    23,196     66,204     33,693     16,768     139,861         139,861  

Administrative fees and other income

    76     90     17     1,290     1,473     5,392     6,865  

General, administrative and other expenses

    (2,000 )   (1,914 )   (3,696 )   (4,267 )   (11,877 )   (13,535 )   (25,412 )

Compensation and benefits

    (8,195 )   (32,212 )   (10,805 )   (11,485 )   (62,697 )   (27,657 )   (90,354 )
                               

Fee related earnings (loss)

    13,077     32,168     19,209     2,306     66,760     (35,800 )   30,960  
                               

Performance fees—realized

    13,086     39     10,213         23,338         23,338  

Performance fees—unrealized

    21,341     2,292     13,509     2,950     40,092         40,092  

Performance fee compensation expense—realized

    (10,472 )   (29 )   (5,506 )       (16,007 )       (16,007 )

Performance fee compensation expense—unrealized

    (16,912 )   (1,451 )   (6,355 )       (24,718 )       (24,718 )
                               

Net performance fees

    7,043     851     11,861     2,950     22,705         22,705  

Investment income (loss)—realized

    1,131     (597 )   18,018     730     19,282         19,282  

Investment income (loss)—unrealized

    15,156     1,524     (12,866 )   (862 )   2,952         2,952  

Interest and other income

    2,785     98     251     11     3,145         3,145  

Interest expense

    (623 )   (304 )   (387 )   (325 )   (1,639 )       (1,639 )
                               

Net investment income (loss)

    18,449     721     5,016     (446 )   23,740         23,740  
                               

Performance related earnings

    25,492     1,572     16,877     2,504     46,445         46,445  
                               

Economic net income (loss)

  $ 38,569   $ 33,740   $ 36,086   $ 4,810   $ 113,205   $ (35,800 ) $ 77,405  
                               
                               

Distributable earnings (loss)

  $ 18,698   $ 31,158   $ 40,704   $ 1,499   $ 92,059   $ (37,512 ) $ 54,547  
                               
                               

Total assets

  $ 477,710   $ 195,543   $ 555,851   $ 167,315   $ 1,396,419   $ 10,437   $ 1,406,856  
                               
                               

        The following table presents the financial results for the Company's operating segments, as well as the OMG, as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2013:

 
  Private
Equity
Group
  Direct
Lending
Group
  Tradable
Credit
Group
  Real
Estate
Group
  Total
Segments
  OMG   Total
Stand
Alone
 

Management fees

                                           

Recurring fees (includes, in the case of the Direct Lending Group, $23,836 of ARCC Part I Fees)

  $ 23,543   $ 51,450   $ 30,031   $ 2,467   $ 107,491   $   $ 107,491  

Previously deferred fees

            1,139         1,139         1,139  
                               

Total management fees

    23,543     51,450     31,170     2,467     108,630         108,630  

Administrative fees and other income

    117     83         5     205     4,455     4,660  

General, administrative and other expenses

    (2,238 )   (1,802 )   (2,475 )   (1,258 )   (7,773 )   (5,554 )   (13,327 )

Compensation and benefits

    (6,596 )   (26,902 )   (8,767 )   (3,568 )   (45,833 )   (19,082 )   (64,915 )
                               

Fee related earnings (loss)

    14,826     22,829     19,928     (2,354 )   55,229     (20,181 )   35,048  
                               

Performance fees—realized

    9,012         9,038         18,050         18,050  

Performance fees—unrealized

    25,513     1,499     54,351         81,363         81,363  

Performance fee compensation expense—realized

    (7,209 )       (36 )       (7,245 )       (7,245 )

Performance fee compensation expense—unrealized

    (20,269 )   (823 )   (34,665 )       (55,757 )       (55,757 )
                               

Net performance fees

    7,047     676     28,688         36,411         36,411  

Investment income (loss)—realized

    926     (825 )   19,513     (37 )   19,577         19,577  

Investment income (loss)—unrealized

    2,424     3,839     (3,961 )   1,048     3,350         3,350  

Interest and other income

    406     1,151     312     39     1,908         1,908  

Interest expense

    (919 )   (637 )   (656 )   (213 )   (2,425 )       (2,425 )
                               

Net investment income (loss)

    2,837     3,528     15,208     837     22,410         22,410  
                               

Performance related earnings

    9,884     4,204     43,896     837     58,821         58,821  
                               

Economic net income (loss)

  $ 24,710   $ 27,033   $ 63,824   $ (1,517 ) $ 114,050   $ (20,181 ) $ 93,869  
                               
                               

Distributable earnings (loss)

  $ 16,752   $ 22,342   $ 47,607   $ (3,422 ) $ 83,279   $ (20,472 ) $ 62,807  
                               
                               

Total assets

  $ 407,526   $ 211,238   $ 656,974   $ 53,547   $ 1,329,285   $ 9,444   $ 1,338,729  
                               
                               

        The following tables reconcile segment results to the Company's income before taxes and total assets:

 
  For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2014  
 
  Total
Segments
  Consolidation Adjustments
and Reconciling Items
  Consolidated
Results
 

Revenues

  $ 204,764 (1) $ (71,136 )(a) $ 133,628  

Expenses

    115,299 (2)   68,831 (b)   184,130  

Other income

    23,740 (3)   301,437 (c)   325,177  

Economic net income / Income before taxes

    113,205     161,470 (d)   274,675  

Total assets

    1,396,419     20,639,082 (e)   22,035,501  


 

 
  For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2013  
 
  Total
Segments
  Consolidation Adjustments
and Reconciling Items
  Consolidated
Results
 

Revenues

  $ 208,248 (1) $ (100,711 )(a) $ 107,537  

Expenses

    116,608 (2)   96,459 (b)   213,067  

Other income

    22,410 (3)   330,704 (c)   353,114  

Economic net income / Income before taxes

    114,050     133,534 (d)   247,584  

Total assets

    1,329,285     23,898,471 (e)   25,227,756  

(1)
Segment revenues consist of management fees, administrative fees and other income, as well as realized and unrealized performance fees.

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Management fees

  $ 139,861   $ 108,630  

Administrative fees and other income

    1,473     205  

Performance fees—realized

    23,338     18,050  

Performance fees—unrealized

    40,092     81,363  
           

Total segment revenue

  $ 204,764   $ 208,248  
           
           
(2)
Segment expenses consist of compensation and benefits, and general, administrative and other expenses, as well as realized and unrealized performance fee expenses.

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Compensation and benefits

  $ 62,697   $ 45,833  

General, administrative and other expenses

    11,877     7,773  

Performance fee compensation expense—realized

    16,007     7,245  

Performance fee compensation expense—unrealized

    24,718     55,757  
           

Total segment expense

  $ 115,299   $ 116,608  
           
           
(3)
Segment other income consists of realized and unrealized investment income and expenses, interest and other income and interest expenses.

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Investment income (loss)—realized

  $ 19,282   $ 19,577  

Investment income (loss)—unrealized

    2,952     3,350  

Interest and other income

    3,145     1,908  

Interest expense

    (1,639 )   (2,425 )
           

Net investment income

  $ 23,740   $ 22,410  
           
           
(a)
The revenues adjustment principally represents management and performance fees earned from Consolidated Funds which were eliminated in consolidation to arrive at Ares consolidated revenues.

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Consolidated Fund income eliminated in consolidation

  $ (73,578 ) $ (105,166 )

Administrative fees and other income attributable to OMG

    5,392     4,455  

Performance fee reclass(1)

    (2,950 )    
           

Total consolidated adjustments and reconciling items

  $ (71,136 ) $ (100,711 )
           
           

(1)
Related to performance fees for AREA Sponsor Holdings LLC, an investment pool. Changes in value of this investment are reflected within other income (expense) in the Company's Combined and Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(b)
The expenses adjustment represents the addition of expenses of the Consolidated Funds to the Ares unconsolidated expenses, depreciation expense, equity-based compensation and expenses associated with acquisitions and corporate actions necessary to arrive at Ares consolidated expenses.

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Consolidated Fund expenses added in consolidation

  $ 40,637   $ 122,345  

Consolidated Fund expenses eliminated in consolidation

    (31,700 )   (61,237 )

OMG expenses

    41,192     24,636  

Acquisition related expenses

    1,421     750  

Equity compensation expense

    5,339     6,310  

Income tax expenses(1)

        41  

Placement fees and underwriting costs

    1,052     82  

Amortization of intangibles

    8,831     2,299  

Depreciation expense

    2,059     1,233  
           

Total consolidation adjustments and reconciling items

  $ 68,831   $ 96,459  
           
           

(1)
Relates to local income taxes paid by subsidiary operating entities included in general, administrative and other expenses.
(c)
The other income adjustment represents the addition of net investment income (loss) and net interest income (expense) to arrive at Ares consolidated other income.

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Other income from Consolidated Funds eliminated in consolidation, net

  $ (22,630 ) $ (12,985 )

Consolidated Funds other income added in consolidation, net

    321,117     343,689  

Performance fee reclass(1)

    2,950      
           

Total consolidation adjustments and reconciling items

  $ 301,437   $ 330,704  
           
           

(1)
Related to performance fees for AREA Sponsor Holdings LLC. Changes in value of this investment are reflected within other (income) expense in the Company's Combined and Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(d)
The reconciliation of income before taxes as reported in the Combined and Consolidated Statements of Operations to economic net income, to fee related earnings, to performance related earnings and to distributable earnings consists of the following:

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Economic net income

             

Income before taxes

  $ 274,675   $ 247,584  
           

Adjustments

             

Amortization of intangibles

    8,831     2,299  

Depreciation expense

    2,059     1,233  

Equity compensation expenses

    5,339     6,310  

Income tax expense(1)

        41  

Acquisition-related expenses

    1,421     750  

Placement fees and underwriting costs

    1,052     82  

OMG expenses, net

    35,800     20,181  

Income of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    (225,181 )   (148,591 )

Income tax expense (benefit) of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    9,209     (15,839 )
           

Economic net income

  $ 113,205   $ 114,050  
           
           

Fee related earnings

             

Income before taxes

  $ 274,675   $ 247,584  
           

Adjustments

             

Amortization of intangibles

    8,831     2,299  

Depreciation expense

    2,059     1,233  

Equity compensation expenses

    5,339     6,310  

Income tax expense(1)

        41  

Acquisition-related expenses

    1,421     750  

Placement fees and underwriting costs

    1,052     82  

OMG expenses, net

    35,800     20,181  

Income of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    (225,181 )   (148,591 )

Income tax (expense) benefit of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    9,209     (15,839 )
           

Total consolidation adjustments and reconciling items

    (161,470 )   (133,534 )
           

Economic net income

    113,205     114,050  
           

Total performance fee income—realized

    (23,338 )   (18,050 )

Total performance fee income—unrealized

    (40,092 )   (81,363 )

Total performance fee expense—realized

    16,007     7,245  

Total performance fee expense—unrealized

    24,718     55,757  

Net investment income

    (23,740 )   (22,410 )
           

Fee related earnings

  $ 66,760   $ 55,229  
           
           

Management fees

  $ 139,861   $ 108,630  

Administrative fees and other income

    1,473     205  

Compensation and benefits

    (62,697 )   (45,833 )

General, administrative and other expenses

    (11,877 )   (7,773 )
           

Fee related earnings

  $ 66,760   $ 55,229  
           
           


 

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Performance related earnings:

             

Income before taxes

  $ 274,675   $ 247,584  
           

Adjustments

             

Amortization of intangibles

    8,831     2,299  

Depreciation expense

    2,059     1,233  

Equity compensation expenses

    5,339     6,310  

Income tax expense(1)

        41  

Acquisition-related expenses

    1,421     750  

Placement fees and underwriting costs

    1,052     82  

OMG expenses, net

    35,800     20,181  

Income of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    (225,181 )   (148,591 )

Income tax expense (benefit) of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    9,209     (15,839 )
           

Economic net income

    113,205     114,050  
           

Total management fees

  $ (139,861 ) $ (108,630 )

Administrative fees and other income

    (1,473 )   (205 )

Compensation and benefits

    62,697     45,833  

General, administrative and other expenses

    11,877     7,773  
           

Performance related earnings

  $ 46,445   $ 58,821  
           
           

Total performance fee income—realized

  $ 23,338   $ 18,050  

Total performance fee income—unrealized

    40,092     81,363  

Total performance fee expense—realized

    (16,007 )   (7,245 )

Total performance fee expense—unrealized

    (24,718 )   (55,757 )

Net investment income

    23,740     22,410  
           

Performance related earnings

  $ 46,445   $ 58,821  
           
           

(1)
Relates to local income taxes paid by subsidiary operating entities included in general, administrative and other expenses.


 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Distributable Earnings

             

Income before taxes

  $ 274,675   $ 247,584  
           

Adjustments

             

Amortization of intangibles

    8,831     2,299  

Equity compensation expenses

    5,339     6,310  

OMG distributable loss(1)

    37,512     20,472  

Income of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    (225,181 )   (148,591 )

Income tax (expense) benefit of non-controlling interests in Consolidated Funds

    9,209     (15,839 )

Unrealized performance fee

    (40,092 )   (81,363 )

Unrealized performance fee compensation expense

    24,718     55,757  

Unrealized investment and other loss

    (2,952 )   (3,350 )
           

Distributable Earnings

  $ 92,059   $ 83,279  
           
           

Fee related earnings

  $ 66,760   $ 55,229  

Performance fees—realized

   
23,338
   
18,050
 

Performance fee compensation expense—realized

    (16,007 )   (7,245 )

Other income realized, net

    20,788     19,060  
           

Net performance fee—realized

    28,119     29,865  

Less:

             

One-time acquisition costs

        (750 )

Income tax expense(2)

        (41 )

Placement fees and underwriting costs

    (1,052 )   (82 )

Non-cash depreciation and amortization(3)

    (1,768 )   (942 )
           

Distributable earnings

  $ 92,059   $ 83,279  
           
           

(1)
Represents OMG distributable earnings which includes depreciation expense.

(2)
Relates to local income taxes paid by subsidiary operating entities included in general, administrative and other expenses.

(3)
Depreciation and amortization is reduced by the amounts attributed to OMG equal to $291 and $291 for the periods ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(e)
The reconciliation of total segment assets to total assets reported in the Combined and Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition consists of the following:

 
  March 31, 2014   March 31, 2013  

Total assets from Consolidated Funds eliminated in consolidation

  $ (791,639 ) $ (829,629 )

Total assets from Consolidated Funds added in consolidation

    21,420,284     24,718,656  

OMG assets

    10,437     9,444  
           

Total consolidation adjustments and reconciling items

  $ 20,639,082   $ 23,898,471