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Loans and Leases (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule Of Composition of Loans Portfolio
The following table summarizes the composition of our loans and leases held for investment as of the dates indicated:
December 31,
20232022
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage$16,133,300 $15,762,351 
Real estate construction and land (1)
3,180,850 4,221,853 
Commercial5,767,570 8,297,182 
Consumer453,010 444,630 
Total gross loans and leases held for investment25,534,730 28,726,016 
Deferred fees, net(45,043)(116,887)
Total loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred fees25,489,687 28,609,129 
Allowance for loan and lease losses(281,687)(200,732)
Total loans and leases held for investment, net (2)
$25,208,000 $28,408,397 
____________________
(1)    Includes land and acquisition and development loans of $228.9 million and $153.5 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022.
(2)    Excludes accrued interest receivable of $111.3 million and $124.3 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, which is recorded in "Other assets" on the consolidated balance sheets.
Delinquent loans in loan portfolio
The following tables present an aging analysis of our loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred fees, by loan portfolio segment and class as of the dates indicated:
December 31, 2023
30 - 8990 or More
DaysDaysTotal
Past DuePast DuePast DueCurrentTotal
 (In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$12,618 $15,168 $27,786 $4,998,711 $5,026,497 
Residential2,302 1,020 3,322 6,021,857 6,025,179 
Other residential93,042 4,341 97,383 4,962,926 5,060,309 
Total real estate mortgage107,962 20,529 128,491 15,983,494 16,111,985 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — 759,585 759,585 
Residential— — — 2,399,684 2,399,684 
Total real estate construction and land— — — 3,159,269 3,159,269 
Commercial:
Asset-based608 2,689 3,297 2,185,788 2,189,085 
Venture capital— — — 1,446,362 1,446,362 
Other commercial1,276 6,993 8,269 2,121,591 2,129,860 
Total commercial1,884 9,682 11,566 5,753,741 5,765,307 
Consumer 3,461 670 4,131 448,995 453,126 
Total$113,307 $30,881 $144,188 $25,345,499 $25,489,687 
December 31, 2022
30 - 8990 or More
DaysDaysTotal
Past DuePast DuePast DueCurrentTotal
 (In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$1,721 $29,269 $30,990 $3,815,841 $3,846,831 
Residential— — — 5,607,865 5,607,865 
Other residential101,728 39,875 141,603 6,134,025 6,275,628 
Total real estate mortgage103,449 69,144 172,593 15,557,731 15,730,324 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — 898,592 898,592 
Residential— — — 3,253,580 3,253,580 
Total real estate construction and land— — — 4,152,172 4,152,172 
Commercial:
Asset-based— 434 434 5,139,775 5,140,209 
Venture capital— — — 2,033,302 2,033,302 
Other commercial461 1,195 1,656 1,106,795 1,108,451 
Total commercial461 1,629 2,090 8,279,872 8,281,962 
Consumer 1,935 149 2,084 442,587 444,671 
Total $105,845 $70,922 $176,767 $28,432,362 $28,609,129 
Financing Receivable Non Accrual And Performing
The following table presents our nonaccrual and performing loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred fees, by loan portfolio segment and class as of the dates indicated:  
December 31,
 20232022
NonaccrualPerformingTotalNonaccrualPerformingTotal
 (In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$15,669 $5,010,828 $5,026,497 $42,509 $3,804,322 $3,846,831 
Residential1,020 6,024,159 6,025,179 — 5,607,865 5,607,865 
Other residential31,041 5,029,268 5,060,309 55,893 6,219,735 6,275,628 
Total real estate mortgage47,730 16,064,255 16,111,985 98,402 15,631,922 15,730,324 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— 759,585 759,585 — 898,592 898,592 
Residential— 2,399,684 2,399,684 — 3,253,580 3,253,580 
Total real estate construction and land— 3,159,269 3,159,269 — 4,152,172 4,152,172 
Commercial:
Asset-based2,689 2,186,396 2,189,085 865 5,139,344 5,140,209 
Venture capital325 1,446,037 1,446,362 — 2,033,302 2,033,302 
Other commercial10,972 2,118,888 2,129,860 4,345 1,104,106 1,108,451 
Total commercial13,986 5,751,321 5,765,307 5,210 8,276,752 8,281,962 
Consumer 811 452,315 453,126 166 444,505 444,671 
Total $62,527 $25,427,160 $25,489,687 $103,778 $28,505,351 $28,609,129 
CV of Loans Held for Investment by Class by Classified and Nonclassiified
The following tables present the credit risk rating categories for loans and leases held for investment by loan portfolio segment and class as of the dates indicated. Classified loans and leases are those with a credit risk rating of either substandard or doubtful.
December 31, 2023
ClassifiedSpecial MentionPassTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$75,739 $219,687 $4,731,071 $5,026,497 
Residential74,954 108,356 5,841,869 6,025,179 
Other residential38,155 54,197 4,967,957 5,060,309 
Total real estate mortgage188,848 382,240 15,540,897 16,111,985 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — 759,585 759,585 
Residential— 2,757 2,396,927 2,399,684 
Total real estate construction and land— 2,757 3,156,512 3,159,269 
Commercial:
Asset-based4,561 12,506 2,172,018 2,189,085 
Venture capital7,805 98,633 1,339,924 1,446,362 
Other commercial26,044 9,984 2,093,832 2,129,860 
Total commercial38,410 121,123 5,605,774 5,765,307 
Consumer 1,159 7,192 444,775 453,126 
Total $228,417 $513,312 $24,747,958 $25,489,687 

December 31, 2022
ClassifiedSpecial MentionPassTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$43,737 $106,493 $3,696,601 $3,846,831 
Residential3,611 60,330 5,543,924 5,607,865 
Other residential60,557 58,063 6,157,008 6,275,628 
Total real estate mortgage107,905 224,886 15,397,533 15,730,324 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— 91,334 807,258 898,592 
Residential— 45,155 3,208,425 3,253,580 
Total real estate construction and land— 136,489 4,015,683 4,152,172 
Commercial:
Asset-based865 56,836 5,082,508 5,140,209 
Venture capital2,753 127,907 1,902,642 2,033,302 
Other commercial6,473 13,233 1,088,745 1,108,451 
Total commercial10,091 197,976 8,073,895 8,281,962 
Consumer 275 6,908 437,488 444,671 
Total $118,271 $566,259 $27,924,599 $28,609,129 
Financing Receivable, Modified, Subsequent Default
The following table presents loan modifications that subsequently defaulted by type of modification for the period indicated with balances as of the date indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Loan Modifications That Subsequently Defaulted
Amortized Cost Basis at
December 31, 2023
Term
ExtensionTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Other residential$735 $735 
Finance Receivable Investment And Interest Income, Nonaccrual
The following table presents our nonaccrual loans and leases by loan portfolio segment and class and by with and without an allowance recorded as of the date indicated and interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans and leases for the year indicated:
At and For the Year Ended
 December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
NonaccrualInterestNonaccrualInterest
RecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
InvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
 (In thousands)
With An Allowance Recorded:
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$385 $— $15,487 $— 
Residential— — — — 
Other residential514 — 7,967 — 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — — 
Residential— — — — 
Commercial:
Asset based— — 431 — 
Venture capital— — — — 
Other commercial1,613 — 1,116 — 
Consumer811 — 166 — 
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$15,284 $31 $27,022 $444 
Residential1,020 — — — 
Other residential30,527 — 47,926 — 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — — 
Residential— — — — 
Commercial:
Asset based2,689 — 434 — 
Venture capital325 — — — 
Other commercial9,359 10 3,229 480 
Consumer— — — — 
Total Loans and Leases With and
Without an Allowance Recorded:
Real estate mortgage$47,730 $31 $98,402 $444 
Real estate construction and land— — — — 
Commercial13,986 10 5,210 480 
Consumer811 — 166 — 
Total$62,527 $41 $103,778 $924 
Troubled Debt Restructurings on Financing Receivables
TDRs are a result of rate reductions, term extensions, fee concessions, transfers to foreclosed assets, discounted loan payoffs, and debt forgiveness, or a combination thereof. Between March 2020 and December 2021, the Company granted various commercial and consumer loan modifications to provide borrowers relief from the economic impacts of COVID-19. In accordance with the CARES Act, the Company elected to not apply TDR classification to COVID-19 related loan modifications that met all of the requisite criteria as stipulated in the CARES Act. The following table presents our troubled debt restructurings of loans held for investment by loan portfolio segment and class for the years indicated:
Troubled Debt Restructurings
 Troubled Debt Restructurings
That Subsequently Defaulted(1)
Pre-ModificationPost-Modification
NumberOutstandingOutstandingNumber
of RecordedRecordedof Recorded
LoansInvestmentInvestmentLoans
Investment(1)
 (Dollars In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$626 $626 — $— 
Other residential21 8,600 1,098 97 
Real estate construction and land:
Residential483 — — — 
Commercial:
Venture capital6,262 3,330 — — 
Other commercial23 1,484 1,484 — — 
Consumer 18 18 — — 
Total56 $17,473 $6,556 $97 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$647 $— — $— 
Multi-family698 698 — — 
Other residential104 104 — — 
Real estate construction and land:
Residential208 208 — — 
Commercial:
Asset-based1,987 1,987 464 
Venture capital4,502 2,529 — — 
Other commercial40 48,760 30,786 2,066 
Consumer 20 20 — — 
Total57 $56,926 $36,332 $2,530 
_________________________
(1)     The population of defaulted TDRs for the period indicated includes only those loans restructured during the preceding 12-month period. For example, for the year ended December 31, 2022, the population of defaulted TDRs includes only those loans restructured after December 31, 2021. The table excludes defaulted TDRs in those classes for which the recorded investment was zero at the end of the period.
Financing Receivable, Loan Modifications, ASU2022-02
The following table presents our loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by type of modification for the period indicated with balances as of the date indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Loan Modifications
Balances (Amortized Cost Basis) at
December 31, 2023
Combination - TermCombination - Term
Extension andExtension and
Interest RatePaymentTotal Loan
Term ExtensionPayment DelayReductionDelayModifications
% of% of% of% of% of
LoanLoanLoanLoanLoan
PortfolioPortfolioPortfolioPortfolioPortfolio
BalanceClassBalanceClassBalanceClassBalanceClassBalanceClass
(Dollars in thousands)
Real estate
mortgage:
Other residential$9,068 0.2 %$— — %$— — %$— $— $9,068 0.2 %
Commercial:
Venture capital— — %— — %— — %324 — %324 — %
Other
commercial4,410 0.2 %37 — %— %— — %4,452 0.2 %
Consumer14 — %— — %— %— — %16 — %
Total$13,492 $37 $$324 $13,860 
Finance Receivables - Loan Restructuring & Refinancing Modifications
The following tables present the financial effect of our loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by type of modification for the period indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Term Extension - Financial Effect
Real estate mortgage:
Other residential
Extended maturity by a weighted average 7 months.
Commercial:
Other commercial
Extended maturity by a weighted average 19 months.
Consumer
Extended maturity by a weighted average 12 months.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Payment Delay - Financial Effect
Commercial:
Other commercial
Provided 18 months of reduced payments to borrowers without extending the loan term.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Combination - Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial:
Other commercial
Extended maturity by a weighted average 3.0 years and reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 11.75% to 7.50%.
Consumer
Extended maturity by a weighted average 2.0 years and reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 9.50% to 2.00%.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay
Commercial:
Venture capital
Extended maturity and granted payment deferrals for a weighted average of 18 months.
Direct Financing Lease, Lease Income The following table provides the components of leases receivable income for the period indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
(In thousands)
Component of leases receivable income:
Interest income on net investments in leases$16,671 $10,813 $8,976 
Direct Finance Lease, Receivable Components
The following table presents the components of leases receivable as of the date indicated:
December 31,
20232022
(In thousands)
Net Investment in Direct Financing Leases:
Lease payments receivable$249,223 $232,909 
Unguaranteed residual assets25,488 23,561 
Deferred costs and other2,715 1,815 
Aggregate net investment in leases$277,426 $258,285 
Sales-type and Direct Financing Leases, Lease Receivable, Maturity
The following table presents maturities of leases receivable as of the date indicated:
December 31, 2023
(In thousands)
Year Ending December 31,
2024$80,456 
202569,844 
202651,314 
202735,630 
202821,352 
Thereafter22,686 
Total undiscounted cash flows281,282 
Less: Unearned income(32,059)
Present value of lease payments$249,223 
Allowance for Loan Losses
The following tables present a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses on loans and leases held for investment by loan portfolio segment for the years indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Real Estate
Real EstateConstruction
Mortgageand LandCommercialConsumerTotal
(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Balance, beginning of year $87,309 $52,320 $52,849 $8,254 $200,732 
Initial ALLL on acquired PCD loans21,968 328 3,193 134 25,623 
Charge-offs(47,370)— (13,661)(2,397)(63,428)
Recoveries885 — 4,125 250 5,260 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (46,485)— (9,536)(2,147)(58,168)
Provision 124,035 (18,818)(1,350)9,633 113,500 
Balance, end of year$186,827 $33,830 $45,156 $15,874 $281,687 
Ending Allowance by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $— $— $— $— $— 
Collectively evaluated $186,827 $33,830 $45,156 $15,874 $281,687 
Ending Loans and Leases by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $47,007 $— $12,373 $— $59,380 
Collectively evaluated 16,064,978 3,159,269 5,752,934 453,126 25,430,307 
Ending balance$16,111,985 $3,159,269 $5,765,307 $453,126 $25,489,687 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Real Estate
Real EstateConstruction
Mortgageand LandCommercialConsumerTotal
(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Balance, beginning of year $98,624 $44,508 $48,718 $8,714 $200,564 
Charge-offs(5,056)— (6,817)(2,164)(14,037)
Recoveries1,748 178 7,163 116 9,205 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)(3,308)178 346 (2,048)(4,832)
Provision (8,007)7,634 3,785 1,588 5,000 
Balance, end of year$87,309 $52,320 $52,849 $8,254 $200,732 
Ending Allowance by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $3,053 $— $247 $— $3,300 
Collectively evaluated $84,256 $52,320 $52,602 $8,254 $197,432 
Ending Loans and Leases by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $94,620 $1,402 $4,422 $— $100,444 
Collectively evaluated 15,635,704 4,150,770 8,277,540 444,671 28,508,685 
Ending balance$15,730,324 $4,152,172 $8,281,962 $444,671 $28,609,129 
The following tables present a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded loan commitments for the years indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Allowance for Reserve forTotal
Loan and Unfunded LoanAllowance for
Lease LossesCommitmentsCredit Losses
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year$200,732 $91,071 $291,803 
Initial allowance on acquired PCD loans25,623 — 25,623 
Charge-offs(63,428)— (63,428)
Recoveries5,260 — 5,260 
Net charge-offs(58,168)— (58,168)
Provision 113,500 (61,500)52,000 
Balance, end of year$281,687 $29,571 $311,258 

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Allowance for Reserve forTotal
Loan and Unfunded LoanAllowance for
Lease LossesCommitmentsCredit Losses
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year$200,564 $73,071 $273,635 
Charge-offs(14,037)— (14,037)
Recoveries9,205 — 9,205 
Net recoveries(4,832)— (4,832)
Provision5,000 18,000 23,000 
Balance, end of year $200,732 $91,071 $291,803 
Loans and Leases
NOTE 5.  LOANS AND LEASES
Loans and Leases Held for Investment
The following table summarizes the composition of our loans and leases held for investment as of the dates indicated:
December 31,
20232022
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage$16,133,300 $15,762,351 
Real estate construction and land (1)
3,180,850 4,221,853 
Commercial5,767,570 8,297,182 
Consumer453,010 444,630 
Total gross loans and leases held for investment25,534,730 28,726,016 
Deferred fees, net(45,043)(116,887)
Total loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred fees25,489,687 28,609,129 
Allowance for loan and lease losses(281,687)(200,732)
Total loans and leases held for investment, net (2)
$25,208,000 $28,408,397 
____________________
(1)    Includes land and acquisition and development loans of $228.9 million and $153.5 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022.
(2)    Excludes accrued interest receivable of $111.3 million and $124.3 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, which is recorded in "Other assets" on the consolidated balance sheets.
The following tables present an aging analysis of our loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred fees, by loan portfolio segment and class as of the dates indicated:
December 31, 2023
30 - 8990 or More
DaysDaysTotal
Past DuePast DuePast DueCurrentTotal
 (In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$12,618 $15,168 $27,786 $4,998,711 $5,026,497 
Residential2,302 1,020 3,322 6,021,857 6,025,179 
Other residential93,042 4,341 97,383 4,962,926 5,060,309 
Total real estate mortgage107,962 20,529 128,491 15,983,494 16,111,985 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — 759,585 759,585 
Residential— — — 2,399,684 2,399,684 
Total real estate construction and land— — — 3,159,269 3,159,269 
Commercial:
Asset-based608 2,689 3,297 2,185,788 2,189,085 
Venture capital— — — 1,446,362 1,446,362 
Other commercial1,276 6,993 8,269 2,121,591 2,129,860 
Total commercial1,884 9,682 11,566 5,753,741 5,765,307 
Consumer 3,461 670 4,131 448,995 453,126 
Total$113,307 $30,881 $144,188 $25,345,499 $25,489,687 
December 31, 2022
30 - 8990 or More
DaysDaysTotal
Past DuePast DuePast DueCurrentTotal
 (In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$1,721 $29,269 $30,990 $3,815,841 $3,846,831 
Residential— — — 5,607,865 5,607,865 
Other residential101,728 39,875 141,603 6,134,025 6,275,628 
Total real estate mortgage103,449 69,144 172,593 15,557,731 15,730,324 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — 898,592 898,592 
Residential— — — 3,253,580 3,253,580 
Total real estate construction and land— — — 4,152,172 4,152,172 
Commercial:
Asset-based— 434 434 5,139,775 5,140,209 
Venture capital— — — 2,033,302 2,033,302 
Other commercial461 1,195 1,656 1,106,795 1,108,451 
Total commercial461 1,629 2,090 8,279,872 8,281,962 
Consumer 1,935 149 2,084 442,587 444,671 
Total $105,845 $70,922 $176,767 $28,432,362 $28,609,129 
The following table presents our nonaccrual and performing loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred fees, by loan portfolio segment and class as of the dates indicated:  
December 31,
 20232022
NonaccrualPerformingTotalNonaccrualPerformingTotal
 (In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$15,669 $5,010,828 $5,026,497 $42,509 $3,804,322 $3,846,831 
Residential1,020 6,024,159 6,025,179 — 5,607,865 5,607,865 
Other residential31,041 5,029,268 5,060,309 55,893 6,219,735 6,275,628 
Total real estate mortgage47,730 16,064,255 16,111,985 98,402 15,631,922 15,730,324 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— 759,585 759,585 — 898,592 898,592 
Residential— 2,399,684 2,399,684 — 3,253,580 3,253,580 
Total real estate construction and land— 3,159,269 3,159,269 — 4,152,172 4,152,172 
Commercial:
Asset-based2,689 2,186,396 2,189,085 865 5,139,344 5,140,209 
Venture capital325 1,446,037 1,446,362 — 2,033,302 2,033,302 
Other commercial10,972 2,118,888 2,129,860 4,345 1,104,106 1,108,451 
Total commercial13,986 5,751,321 5,765,307 5,210 8,276,752 8,281,962 
Consumer 811 452,315 453,126 166 444,505 444,671 
Total $62,527 $25,427,160 $25,489,687 $103,778 $28,505,351 $28,609,129 
At December 31, 2023, there was one loan for $11.8 million that was 90 or more days past due and still accruing. At December 31, 2022, there were no such loans.
The amount of interest income that would have been recorded on nonaccrual loans and leases at December 31, 2023 and 2022 had such loans and leases been current in accordance with their original terms was $5.8 million and $6.3 million for 2023 and 2022.
At December 31, 2023, nonaccrual loans and leases included $19.1 million of loans and leases 90 or more days past due, $11.4 million of loans 30 to 89 days past due and $32.0 million of current loans that were placed on nonaccrual status based on management’s judgment regarding their collectability. At December 31, 2022, nonaccrual loans and leases included $70.9 million of loans and leases 90 or more days past due, $6.8 million of loans 30 to 89 days past due and $26.0 million of current loans that were placed on nonaccrual status based on management’s judgment regarding their collectability.
As of December 31, 2023, our three largest loan relationships on nonaccrual status had an aggregate carrying value of $7.1 million and represented 11% of total nonaccrual loans and leases.
The following tables present the credit risk rating categories for loans and leases held for investment by loan portfolio segment and class as of the dates indicated. Classified loans and leases are those with a credit risk rating of either substandard or doubtful.
December 31, 2023
ClassifiedSpecial MentionPassTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$75,739 $219,687 $4,731,071 $5,026,497 
Residential74,954 108,356 5,841,869 6,025,179 
Other residential38,155 54,197 4,967,957 5,060,309 
Total real estate mortgage188,848 382,240 15,540,897 16,111,985 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — 759,585 759,585 
Residential— 2,757 2,396,927 2,399,684 
Total real estate construction and land— 2,757 3,156,512 3,159,269 
Commercial:
Asset-based4,561 12,506 2,172,018 2,189,085 
Venture capital7,805 98,633 1,339,924 1,446,362 
Other commercial26,044 9,984 2,093,832 2,129,860 
Total commercial38,410 121,123 5,605,774 5,765,307 
Consumer 1,159 7,192 444,775 453,126 
Total $228,417 $513,312 $24,747,958 $25,489,687 

December 31, 2022
ClassifiedSpecial MentionPassTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$43,737 $106,493 $3,696,601 $3,846,831 
Residential3,611 60,330 5,543,924 5,607,865 
Other residential60,557 58,063 6,157,008 6,275,628 
Total real estate mortgage107,905 224,886 15,397,533 15,730,324 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— 91,334 807,258 898,592 
Residential— 45,155 3,208,425 3,253,580 
Total real estate construction and land— 136,489 4,015,683 4,152,172 
Commercial:
Asset-based865 56,836 5,082,508 5,140,209 
Venture capital2,753 127,907 1,902,642 2,033,302 
Other commercial6,473 13,233 1,088,745 1,108,451 
Total commercial10,091 197,976 8,073,895 8,281,962 
Consumer 275 6,908 437,488 444,671 
Total $118,271 $566,259 $27,924,599 $28,609,129 
The following table presents our nonaccrual loans and leases by loan portfolio segment and class and by with and without an allowance recorded as of the date indicated and interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans and leases for the year indicated:
At and For the Year Ended
 December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
NonaccrualInterestNonaccrualInterest
RecordedIncomeRecordedIncome
InvestmentRecognizedInvestmentRecognized
 (In thousands)
With An Allowance Recorded:
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$385 $— $15,487 $— 
Residential— — — — 
Other residential514 — 7,967 — 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — — 
Residential— — — — 
Commercial:
Asset based— — 431 — 
Venture capital— — — — 
Other commercial1,613 — 1,116 — 
Consumer811 — 166 — 
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$15,284 $31 $27,022 $444 
Residential1,020 — — — 
Other residential30,527 — 47,926 — 
Real estate construction and land:
Commercial— — — — 
Residential— — — — 
Commercial:
Asset based2,689 — 434 — 
Venture capital325 — — — 
Other commercial9,359 10 3,229 480 
Consumer— — — — 
Total Loans and Leases With and
Without an Allowance Recorded:
Real estate mortgage$47,730 $31 $98,402 $444 
Real estate construction and land— — — — 
Commercial13,986 10 5,210 480 
Consumer811 — 166 — 
Total$62,527 $41 $103,778 $924 
The following tables present our loans held for investment by loan portfolio segment and class, by credit quality indicator (internal risk ratings), and by year of origination (vintage year) as of the date indicated:
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Mortgage:
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $16,976 $17,432 $16,832 $17,337 $69,205 $$— $137,783 
4-6 Pass182,236 933,294 814,564 510,952 298,985 1,765,454 76,866 10,937 4,593,288 
7 Special mention— 14,021 32,235 25,485 17,147 129,549 1,250 — 219,687 
8-9 Classified749 — 26,172 439 17,063 29,566 1,750 — 75,739 
Total$182,985 $964,291 $890,403 $553,708 $350,532 $1,993,774 $79,867 $10,937 $5,026,497 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$34 $— $— $— $76 $14,185 $— $— $14,295 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Multi-family
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $28,155 $140,424 $58,959 $57,988 $109,423 $— $— $394,949 
4-6 Pass66,143 2,221,235 1,193,052 539,660 564,420 794,599 67,811 — 5,446,920 
7 Special mention— 2,610 17,784 12,201 39,808 35,953 — — 108,356 
8-9 Classified— — 17,283 8,576 26,543 22,552 — — 74,954 
Total$66,143 $2,252,000 $1,368,543 $619,396 $688,759 $962,527 $67,811 $— $6,025,179 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Other residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $6,769 $— $6,769 
4-6 Pass188,561 1,824,253 2,812,293 65,230 — 19,518 51,246 87 4,961,188 
7 Special mention— 46,263 7,568 — — — 366 — 54,197 
8-9 Classified3,847 18,263 12,908 1,223 — 1,764 65 85 38,155 
Total$192,408 $1,888,779 $2,832,769 $66,453 $— $21,282 $58,446 $172 $5,060,309 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$3,402 $23,544 $5,385 $740 $— $$— $— $33,075 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass23,916 388,165 214,303 68,833 16,781 27,175 20,412 — 759,585 
7 Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$23,916 $388,165 $214,303 $68,833 $16,781 $27,175 $20,412 $— $759,585 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass64,341 1,185,297 668,083 336,636 — 26,896 115,674 — 2,396,927 
7 Special mention— — 2,757 — — — — — 2,757 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$64,341 $1,185,297 $670,840 $336,636 $— $26,896 $115,674 $— $2,399,684 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial: Asset-Based
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$32,485 $237,936 $223,088 $39,380 $119,364 $254,638 $89,667 $— $996,558 
4-6 Pass122,064 238,206 132,449 17,823 7,447 25,945 630,073 1,453 1,175,460 
7 Special mention— 101 — — — 12,394 10 12,506 
8-9 Classified— — — 701 — 340 3,520 — 4,561 
Total$154,549 $476,243 $355,537 $57,904 $126,811 $280,924 $735,654 $1,463 $2,189,085 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $60 $— $— $— $150 $210 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Commercial: Venture
Capital
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$(84)$(7)$— $1,998 $— $(3)$136,339 $(140)$138,103 
4-6 Pass101,038 128,485 113,183 6,473 6,216 622 770,941 74,863 1,201,821 
7 Special mention17,481 10,984 31,928 — 19,986 — 13,260 4,994 98,633 
8-9 Classified— — 7,808 — — — (3)— 7,805 
Total$118,435 $139,462 $152,919 $8,471 $26,202 $619 $920,537 $79,717 $1,446,362 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $2,245 $2,759 $— $— $— $$— $5,013 
Commercial: Other
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$815 $4,350 $5,216 $130 $29 $2,148 $66,827 $— $79,515 
4-6 Pass98,643 201,215 285,249 50,582 39,951 158,810 1,176,946 2,921 2,014,317 
7 Special mention1,748 1,306 442 554 540 5,071 254 69 9,984 
8-9 Classified— 912 4,011 1,706 1,299 13,768 3,257 1,091 26,044 
Total$101,206 $207,783 $294,918 $52,972 $41,819 $179,797 $1,247,284 $4,081 $2,129,860 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $6,867 $24 $— $28 $75 $1,013 $431 $8,438 
Consumer
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $27 $22 $$— $— $1,304 $— $1,357 
4-6 Pass26,468 71,523 207,751 23,390 42,338 63,919 7,684 345 443,418 
7 Special mention— 1,286 4,224 371 1,100 181 30 — 7,192 
8-9 Classified— 281 42 135 198 486 16 1,159 
Total$26,468 $73,117 $212,039 $23,900 $43,636 $64,586 $9,019 $361 $453,126 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $432 $540 $76 $255 $1,081 $$12 $2,397 
Total Loans and Leases
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$33,216 $287,437 $386,182 $117,303 $194,718 $435,411 $300,907 $(140)$1,755,034 
4-6 Pass873,410 7,191,673 6,440,927 1,619,579 976,138 2,882,938 2,917,653 90,606 22,992,924 
7 Special mention19,229 76,571 96,938 38,611 78,581 170,755 27,554 5,073 513,312 
8-9 Classified4,596 19,456 68,224 12,780 45,103 68,476 8,590 1,192 228,417 
Total$930,451 $7,575,137 $6,992,271 $1,788,273 $1,294,540 $3,557,580 $3,254,704 $96,731 $25,489,687 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$3,436 $33,088 $8,708 $876 $359 $15,345 $1,023 $593 $63,428 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Mortgage:
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$4,957 $3,791 $7,215 $26,132 $4,690 $35,343 $1,290 $— $83,418 
4-6 Pass537,931 501,576 467,792 322,448 539,701 1,148,386 85,284 10,065 3,613,183 
7 Special mention— — 728 16,394 2,294 87,077 — — 106,493 
8-9 Classified— 559 464 1,310 27,396 14,008 — — 43,737 
Total$542,888 $505,926 $476,199 $366,284 $574,081 $1,284,814 $86,574 $10,065 $3,846,831 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $67 $— $79 $2,258 $326 $— $— $2,730 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Multi-family
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $89,251 $19,945 $58,275 $66,219 $69,805 $— $— $303,495 
4-6 Pass1,940,337 1,084,467 523,645 676,169 446,987 511,185 57,639 — 5,240,429 
7 Special mention— — 4,944 16,974 7,003 31,409 — — 60,330 
8-9 Classified— — — — 2,750 861 — — 3,611 
Total$1,940,337 $1,173,718 $548,534 $751,418 $522,959 $613,260 $57,639 $— $5,607,865 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Other residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $1,000 $— $1,000 
4-6 Pass2,805,533 3,200,013 83,580 — 237 20,394 46,155 96 6,156,008 
7 Special mention27,272 25,766 4,916 — 109 — — — 58,063 
8-9 Classified19,248 33,218 5,333 — — 2,555 — 203 60,557 
Total$2,852,053 $3,258,997 $93,829 $— $346 $22,949 $47,155 $299 $6,275,628 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$249 $1,084 $912 $— $— $81 $— $— $2,326 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass299,538 170,397 74,634 237,294 17,763 7,632 — — 807,258 
7 Special mention— — — — 91,334 — — — 91,334 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$299,538 $170,397 $74,634 $237,294 $109,097 $7,632 $— $— $898,592 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass605,683 1,302,061 844,041 282,076 125,805 204 48,555 — 3,208,425 
7 Special mention— — — 45,155 — — — — 45,155 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$605,683 $1,302,061 $844,041 $327,231 $125,805 $204 $48,555 $— $3,253,580 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial: Asset-Based
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$225,140 $209,272 $57,727 $202,063 $121,600 $208,542 $850,031 $— $1,874,375 
4-6 Pass547,675 188,269 52,711 35,811 33,426 40,714 2,239,785 69,742 3,208,133 
7 Special mention— — — 43,409 — 3,505 9,922 — 56,836 
8-9 Classified— — — — — 434 — 431 865 
Total$772,815 $397,541 $110,438 $281,283 $155,026 $253,195 $3,099,738 $70,173 $5,140,209 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $750 $— $750 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Commercial: Venture
Capital
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$(40)$— $2,000 $— $134 $$216,535 $503 $219,135 
4-6 Pass92,015 136,296 18,075 3,705 1,833 910 1,365,101 65,572 1,683,507 
7 Special mention13,970 40,924 4,483 23,202 — — 40,335 4,993 127,907 
8-9 Classified— 2,753 — — — — — — 2,753 
Total$105,945 $179,973 $24,558 $26,907 $1,967 $913 $1,621,971 $71,068 $2,033,302 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $940 $— $940 
Commercial: Other
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$3,591 $10,880 $12 $161 $$14 $20,958 $— $35,619 
4-6 Pass84,930 278,208 54,542 41,908 47,771 87,645 454,438 3,684 1,053,126 
7 Special mention7,038 796 184 695 1,526 2,858 47 89 13,233 
8-9 Classified— 806 — 319 (3)2,653 1,600 1,098 6,473 
Total$95,559 $290,690 $54,738 $43,083 $49,297 $93,170 $477,043 $4,871 $1,108,451 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $209 $— $$— $2,537 $1,906 $474 $5,127 
Consumer
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$34 $30 $$— $$— $854 $— $926 
4-6 Pass62,868 226,084 20,798 48,542 31,693 37,838 8,739 — 436,562 
7 Special mention1,252 3,490 464 1,126 278 238 60 — 6,908 
8-9 Classified47 — — 59 79 74 — 16 275 
Total$64,201 $229,604 $21,269 $49,727 $32,051 $38,150 $9,653 $16 $444,671 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$309 $529 $237 $728 $— $354 $— $$2,164 
Total Loans and Leases
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$233,682 $313,224 $86,906 $286,631 $192,647 $313,707 $1,090,668 $503 $2,517,968 
4-6 Pass6,976,510 7,087,371 2,139,818 1,647,953 1,245,216 1,854,908 4,305,696 149,159 25,406,631 
7 Special mention49,532 70,976 15,719 146,955 102,544 125,087 50,364 5,082 566,259 
8-9 Classified19,295 37,336 5,797 1,688 30,222 20,585 1,600 1,748 118,271 
Total$7,279,019 $7,508,907 $2,248,240 $2,083,227 $1,570,629 $2,314,287 $5,448,328 $156,492 $28,609,129 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$558 $1,889 $1,149 $808 $2,258 $3,298 $3,596 $481 $14,037 
______________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
The following table presents our loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by type of modification for the period indicated with balances as of the date indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Loan Modifications
Balances (Amortized Cost Basis) at
December 31, 2023
Combination - TermCombination - Term
Extension andExtension and
Interest RatePaymentTotal Loan
Term ExtensionPayment DelayReductionDelayModifications
% of% of% of% of% of
LoanLoanLoanLoanLoan
PortfolioPortfolioPortfolioPortfolioPortfolio
BalanceClassBalanceClassBalanceClassBalanceClassBalanceClass
(Dollars in thousands)
Real estate
mortgage:
Other residential$9,068 0.2 %$— — %$— — %$— $— $9,068 0.2 %
Commercial:
Venture capital— — %— — %— — %324 — %324 — %
Other
commercial4,410 0.2 %37 — %— %— — %4,452 0.2 %
Consumer14 — %— — %— %— — %16 — %
Total$13,492 $37 $$324 $13,860 
The following tables present the financial effect of our loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by type of modification for the period indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Term Extension - Financial Effect
Real estate mortgage:
Other residential
Extended maturity by a weighted average 7 months.
Commercial:
Other commercial
Extended maturity by a weighted average 19 months.
Consumer
Extended maturity by a weighted average 12 months.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Payment Delay - Financial Effect
Commercial:
Other commercial
Provided 18 months of reduced payments to borrowers without extending the loan term.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Combination - Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial:
Other commercial
Extended maturity by a weighted average 3.0 years and reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 11.75% to 7.50%.
Consumer
Extended maturity by a weighted average 2.0 years and reduced weighted average contractual interest rate from 9.50% to 2.00%.
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Combination - Term Extension and Payment Delay
Commercial:
Venture capital
Extended maturity and granted payment deferrals for a weighted average of 18 months.
The following table presents the payment status of our loan modifications made during the period indicated with balances as of the date indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Loan Modifications
Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis) at
December 31, 2023
30-89 Days90 or More Days
CurrentPast DuePast DueTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$1,750 $— $— $1,750 
Other residential8,604 305 159 9,068 
Commercial:
Venture capital324 — — 324 
Other commercial2,702 — — 2,702 
Consumer16 — — 16 
Total$13,396 $305 $159 $13,860 
The following table presents loan modifications that subsequently defaulted by type of modification for the period indicated with balances as of the date indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Loan Modifications That Subsequently Defaulted
Amortized Cost Basis at
December 31, 2023
Term
ExtensionTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Other residential$735 $735 
TDRs are a result of rate reductions, term extensions, fee concessions, transfers to foreclosed assets, discounted loan payoffs, and debt forgiveness, or a combination thereof. Between March 2020 and December 2021, the Company granted various commercial and consumer loan modifications to provide borrowers relief from the economic impacts of COVID-19. In accordance with the CARES Act, the Company elected to not apply TDR classification to COVID-19 related loan modifications that met all of the requisite criteria as stipulated in the CARES Act. The following table presents our troubled debt restructurings of loans held for investment by loan portfolio segment and class for the years indicated:
Troubled Debt Restructurings
 Troubled Debt Restructurings
That Subsequently Defaulted(1)
Pre-ModificationPost-Modification
NumberOutstandingOutstandingNumber
of RecordedRecordedof Recorded
LoansInvestmentInvestmentLoans
Investment(1)
 (Dollars In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$626 $626 — $— 
Other residential21 8,600 1,098 97 
Real estate construction and land:
Residential483 — — — 
Commercial:
Venture capital6,262 3,330 — — 
Other commercial23 1,484 1,484 — — 
Consumer 18 18 — — 
Total56 $17,473 $6,556 $97 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$647 $— — $— 
Multi-family698 698 — — 
Other residential104 104 — — 
Real estate construction and land:
Residential208 208 — — 
Commercial:
Asset-based1,987 1,987 464 
Venture capital4,502 2,529 — — 
Other commercial40 48,760 30,786 2,066 
Consumer 20 20 — — 
Total57 $56,926 $36,332 $2,530 
_________________________
(1)     The population of defaulted TDRs for the period indicated includes only those loans restructured during the preceding 12-month period. For example, for the year ended December 31, 2022, the population of defaulted TDRs includes only those loans restructured after December 31, 2021. The table excludes defaulted TDRs in those classes for which the recorded investment was zero at the end of the period.
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had unfunded commitments related to TDRs of $897,000 and $2.0 million.
Leases Receivable
We provide equipment financing to our customers primarily with operating and direct financing leases. For direct financing leases, lease receivables are recorded on the balance sheet but the leased equipment is not, although we generally retain legal title to the leased equipment until the end of each lease. Direct financing leases are stated at the net amount of minimum lease payments receivable, plus any unguaranteed residual value, less the amount of unearned income and net acquisition discount at the reporting date. Direct lease origination costs are amortized using the effective interest method over the life of the leases. Direct financing leases are subject to our accounting for allowance for loan and lease losses. See Note 9. Leases for information regarding operating leases where we are the lessor.
The following table provides the components of leases receivable income for the period indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
(In thousands)
Component of leases receivable income:
Interest income on net investments in leases$16,671 $10,813 $8,976 
The following table presents the components of leases receivable as of the date indicated:
December 31,
20232022
(In thousands)
Net Investment in Direct Financing Leases:
Lease payments receivable$249,223 $232,909 
Unguaranteed residual assets25,488 23,561 
Deferred costs and other2,715 1,815 
Aggregate net investment in leases$277,426 $258,285 
The following table presents maturities of leases receivable as of the date indicated:
December 31, 2023
(In thousands)
Year Ending December 31,
2024$80,456 
202569,844 
202651,314 
202735,630 
202821,352 
Thereafter22,686 
Total undiscounted cash flows281,282 
Less: Unearned income(32,059)
Present value of lease payments$249,223 
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The following tables present a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses on loans and leases held for investment by loan portfolio segment for the years indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Real Estate
Real EstateConstruction
Mortgageand LandCommercialConsumerTotal
(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Balance, beginning of year $87,309 $52,320 $52,849 $8,254 $200,732 
Initial ALLL on acquired PCD loans21,968 328 3,193 134 25,623 
Charge-offs(47,370)— (13,661)(2,397)(63,428)
Recoveries885 — 4,125 250 5,260 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries (46,485)— (9,536)(2,147)(58,168)
Provision 124,035 (18,818)(1,350)9,633 113,500 
Balance, end of year$186,827 $33,830 $45,156 $15,874 $281,687 
Ending Allowance by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $— $— $— $— $— 
Collectively evaluated $186,827 $33,830 $45,156 $15,874 $281,687 
Ending Loans and Leases by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $47,007 $— $12,373 $— $59,380 
Collectively evaluated 16,064,978 3,159,269 5,752,934 453,126 25,430,307 
Ending balance$16,111,985 $3,159,269 $5,765,307 $453,126 $25,489,687 
Year Ended December 31, 2022
Real Estate
Real EstateConstruction
Mortgageand LandCommercialConsumerTotal
(In thousands)
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
Balance, beginning of year $98,624 $44,508 $48,718 $8,714 $200,564 
Charge-offs(5,056)— (6,817)(2,164)(14,037)
Recoveries1,748 178 7,163 116 9,205 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)(3,308)178 346 (2,048)(4,832)
Provision (8,007)7,634 3,785 1,588 5,000 
Balance, end of year$87,309 $52,320 $52,849 $8,254 $200,732 
Ending Allowance by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $3,053 $— $247 $— $3,300 
Collectively evaluated $84,256 $52,320 $52,602 $8,254 $197,432 
Ending Loans and Leases by
Evaluation Methodology:
Individually evaluated $94,620 $1,402 $4,422 $— $100,444 
Collectively evaluated 15,635,704 4,150,770 8,277,540 444,671 28,508,685 
Ending balance$15,730,324 $4,152,172 $8,281,962 $444,671 $28,609,129 
The allowance for loan and lease losses increased by $81.0 million in 2023 due primarily to a provision for loan and lease losses of $113.5 million, which included a $22.2 million initial provision related to non-PCD loan balances acquired in the Merger, the addition of $25.6 million related to legacy Banc of California PCD loans and a less favorable economic forecast, offset partially by $58.2 million of net charge-offs. The provision for loan and lease losses in 2022 was driven by growth in loans and leases and a less favorable economic forecast offset partially by a decrease in qualitative reserves. For additional information regarding the calculation of the allowance for loan and lease losses using the CECL methodology, including discussion of forecasts used to estimate the allowance, please see Note 1(j). Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases Held for Investment.
A loan is considered collateral-dependent, and is individually evaluated for reserve purposes, when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table summarizes collateral-dependent loans held for investment by collateral type as of the following date:
December 31,
20232022
RealBusiness RealBusiness
PropertyAssetsTotalPropertyAssetsTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage$47,952 $— $47,952 $90,485 $— $90,485 
Real estate construction and land— — — 1,402 — 1,402 
Commercial— 3,616 3,616 — 434 434 
     Total$47,952 $3,616 $51,568 $91,887 $434 $92,321 
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses is the combination of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the reserve for unfunded loan commitments. The reserve for unfunded loan commitments is included within "Accrued interest payable and other liabilities" on the consolidated balance sheets.
The following tables present a summary of the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses and reserve for unfunded loan commitments for the years indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Allowance for Reserve forTotal
Loan and Unfunded LoanAllowance for
Lease LossesCommitmentsCredit Losses
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year$200,732 $91,071 $291,803 
Initial allowance on acquired PCD loans25,623 — 25,623 
Charge-offs(63,428)— (63,428)
Recoveries5,260 — 5,260 
Net charge-offs(58,168)— (58,168)
Provision 113,500 (61,500)52,000 
Balance, end of year$281,687 $29,571 $311,258 

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Allowance for Reserve forTotal
Loan and Unfunded LoanAllowance for
Lease LossesCommitmentsCredit Losses
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year$200,564 $73,071 $273,635 
Charge-offs(14,037)— (14,037)
Recoveries9,205 — 9,205 
Net recoveries(4,832)— (4,832)
Provision5,000 18,000 23,000 
Balance, end of year $200,732 $91,071 $291,803 
Collateral-Dependent and Individually Evaluated
A loan is considered collateral-dependent, and is individually evaluated for reserve purposes, when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table summarizes collateral-dependent loans held for investment by collateral type as of the following date:
December 31,
20232022
RealBusiness RealBusiness
PropertyAssetsTotalPropertyAssetsTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage$47,952 $— $47,952 $90,485 $— $90,485 
Real estate construction and land— — — 1,402 — 1,402 
Commercial— 3,616 3,616 — 434 434 
     Total$47,952 $3,616 $51,568 $91,887 $434 $92,321 
Financing Receivable, Modified Loans, Payment Status
The following table presents the payment status of our loan modifications made during the period indicated with balances as of the date indicated:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Loan Modifications
Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis) at
December 31, 2023
30-89 Days90 or More Days
CurrentPast DuePast DueTotal
(In thousands)
Real estate mortgage:
Commercial$1,750 $— $— $1,750 
Other residential8,604 305 159 9,068 
Commercial:
Venture capital324 — — 324 
Other commercial2,702 — — 2,702 
Consumer16 — — 16 
Total$13,396 $305 $159 $13,860 
Finance Receivable, Loans By Origination Year
The following tables present our loans held for investment by loan portfolio segment and class, by credit quality indicator (internal risk ratings), and by year of origination (vintage year) as of the date indicated:
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Mortgage:
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $16,976 $17,432 $16,832 $17,337 $69,205 $$— $137,783 
4-6 Pass182,236 933,294 814,564 510,952 298,985 1,765,454 76,866 10,937 4,593,288 
7 Special mention— 14,021 32,235 25,485 17,147 129,549 1,250 — 219,687 
8-9 Classified749 — 26,172 439 17,063 29,566 1,750 — 75,739 
Total$182,985 $964,291 $890,403 $553,708 $350,532 $1,993,774 $79,867 $10,937 $5,026,497 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$34 $— $— $— $76 $14,185 $— $— $14,295 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Multi-family
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $28,155 $140,424 $58,959 $57,988 $109,423 $— $— $394,949 
4-6 Pass66,143 2,221,235 1,193,052 539,660 564,420 794,599 67,811 — 5,446,920 
7 Special mention— 2,610 17,784 12,201 39,808 35,953 — — 108,356 
8-9 Classified— — 17,283 8,576 26,543 22,552 — — 74,954 
Total$66,143 $2,252,000 $1,368,543 $619,396 $688,759 $962,527 $67,811 $— $6,025,179 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Other residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $6,769 $— $6,769 
4-6 Pass188,561 1,824,253 2,812,293 65,230 — 19,518 51,246 87 4,961,188 
7 Special mention— 46,263 7,568 — — — 366 — 54,197 
8-9 Classified3,847 18,263 12,908 1,223 — 1,764 65 85 38,155 
Total$192,408 $1,888,779 $2,832,769 $66,453 $— $21,282 $58,446 $172 $5,060,309 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$3,402 $23,544 $5,385 $740 $— $$— $— $33,075 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass23,916 388,165 214,303 68,833 16,781 27,175 20,412 — 759,585 
7 Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$23,916 $388,165 $214,303 $68,833 $16,781 $27,175 $20,412 $— $759,585 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass64,341 1,185,297 668,083 336,636 — 26,896 115,674 — 2,396,927 
7 Special mention— — 2,757 — — — — — 2,757 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$64,341 $1,185,297 $670,840 $336,636 $— $26,896 $115,674 $— $2,399,684 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial: Asset-Based
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$32,485 $237,936 $223,088 $39,380 $119,364 $254,638 $89,667 $— $996,558 
4-6 Pass122,064 238,206 132,449 17,823 7,447 25,945 630,073 1,453 1,175,460 
7 Special mention— 101 — — — 12,394 10 12,506 
8-9 Classified— — — 701 — 340 3,520 — 4,561 
Total$154,549 $476,243 $355,537 $57,904 $126,811 $280,924 $735,654 $1,463 $2,189,085 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $60 $— $— $— $150 $210 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Commercial: Venture
Capital
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$(84)$(7)$— $1,998 $— $(3)$136,339 $(140)$138,103 
4-6 Pass101,038 128,485 113,183 6,473 6,216 622 770,941 74,863 1,201,821 
7 Special mention17,481 10,984 31,928 — 19,986 — 13,260 4,994 98,633 
8-9 Classified— — 7,808 — — — (3)— 7,805 
Total$118,435 $139,462 $152,919 $8,471 $26,202 $619 $920,537 $79,717 $1,446,362 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $2,245 $2,759 $— $— $— $$— $5,013 
Commercial: Other
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$815 $4,350 $5,216 $130 $29 $2,148 $66,827 $— $79,515 
4-6 Pass98,643 201,215 285,249 50,582 39,951 158,810 1,176,946 2,921 2,014,317 
7 Special mention1,748 1,306 442 554 540 5,071 254 69 9,984 
8-9 Classified— 912 4,011 1,706 1,299 13,768 3,257 1,091 26,044 
Total$101,206 $207,783 $294,918 $52,972 $41,819 $179,797 $1,247,284 $4,081 $2,129,860 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $6,867 $24 $— $28 $75 $1,013 $431 $8,438 
Consumer
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $27 $22 $$— $— $1,304 $— $1,357 
4-6 Pass26,468 71,523 207,751 23,390 42,338 63,919 7,684 345 443,418 
7 Special mention— 1,286 4,224 371 1,100 181 30 — 7,192 
8-9 Classified— 281 42 135 198 486 16 1,159 
Total$26,468 $73,117 $212,039 $23,900 $43,636 $64,586 $9,019 $361 $453,126 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $432 $540 $76 $255 $1,081 $$12 $2,397 
Total Loans and Leases
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$33,216 $287,437 $386,182 $117,303 $194,718 $435,411 $300,907 $(140)$1,755,034 
4-6 Pass873,410 7,191,673 6,440,927 1,619,579 976,138 2,882,938 2,917,653 90,606 22,992,924 
7 Special mention19,229 76,571 96,938 38,611 78,581 170,755 27,554 5,073 513,312 
8-9 Classified4,596 19,456 68,224 12,780 45,103 68,476 8,590 1,192 228,417 
Total$930,451 $7,575,137 $6,992,271 $1,788,273 $1,294,540 $3,557,580 $3,254,704 $96,731 $25,489,687 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$3,436 $33,088 $8,708 $876 $359 $15,345 $1,023 $593 $63,428 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Mortgage:
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$4,957 $3,791 $7,215 $26,132 $4,690 $35,343 $1,290 $— $83,418 
4-6 Pass537,931 501,576 467,792 322,448 539,701 1,148,386 85,284 10,065 3,613,183 
7 Special mention— — 728 16,394 2,294 87,077 — — 106,493 
8-9 Classified— 559 464 1,310 27,396 14,008 — — 43,737 
Total$542,888 $505,926 $476,199 $366,284 $574,081 $1,284,814 $86,574 $10,065 $3,846,831 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $67 $— $79 $2,258 $326 $— $— $2,730 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Multi-family
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $89,251 $19,945 $58,275 $66,219 $69,805 $— $— $303,495 
4-6 Pass1,940,337 1,084,467 523,645 676,169 446,987 511,185 57,639 — 5,240,429 
7 Special mention— — 4,944 16,974 7,003 31,409 — — 60,330 
8-9 Classified— — — — 2,750 861 — — 3,611 
Total$1,940,337 $1,173,718 $548,534 $751,418 $522,959 $613,260 $57,639 $— $5,607,865 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Mortgage:
Other residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $1,000 $— $1,000 
4-6 Pass2,805,533 3,200,013 83,580 — 237 20,394 46,155 96 6,156,008 
7 Special mention27,272 25,766 4,916 — 109 — — — 58,063 
8-9 Classified19,248 33,218 5,333 — — 2,555 — 203 60,557 
Total$2,852,053 $3,258,997 $93,829 $— $346 $22,949 $47,155 $299 $6,275,628 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$249 $1,084 $912 $— $— $81 $— $— $2,326 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass299,538 170,397 74,634 237,294 17,763 7,632 — — 807,258 
7 Special mention— — — — 91,334 — — — 91,334 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$299,538 $170,397 $74,634 $237,294 $109,097 $7,632 $— $— $898,592 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Real Estate Construction
and Land: Residential
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
4-6 Pass605,683 1,302,061 844,041 282,076 125,805 204 48,555 — 3,208,425 
7 Special mention— — — 45,155 — — — — 45,155 
8-9 Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total$605,683 $1,302,061 $844,041 $327,231 $125,805 $204 $48,555 $— $3,253,580 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial: Asset-Based
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$225,140 $209,272 $57,727 $202,063 $121,600 $208,542 $850,031 $— $1,874,375 
4-6 Pass547,675 188,269 52,711 35,811 33,426 40,714 2,239,785 69,742 3,208,133 
7 Special mention— — — 43,409 — 3,505 9,922 — 56,836 
8-9 Classified— — — — — 434 — 431 865 
Total$772,815 $397,541 $110,438 $281,283 $155,026 $253,195 $3,099,738 $70,173 $5,140,209 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $750 $— $750 
____________________
(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.
Revolving
Converted
Amortized Cost Basis (1)
Term Loans by Origination YearRevolvingto Term
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorLoansLoansTotal
(In thousands)
Commercial: Venture
Capital
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$(40)$— $2,000 $— $134 $$216,535 $503 $219,135 
4-6 Pass92,015 136,296 18,075 3,705 1,833 910 1,365,101 65,572 1,683,507 
7 Special mention13,970 40,924 4,483 23,202 — — 40,335 4,993 127,907 
8-9 Classified— 2,753 — — — — — — 2,753 
Total$105,945 $179,973 $24,558 $26,907 $1,967 $913 $1,621,971 $71,068 $2,033,302 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $940 $— $940 
Commercial: Other
Commercial
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$3,591 $10,880 $12 $161 $$14 $20,958 $— $35,619 
4-6 Pass84,930 278,208 54,542 41,908 47,771 87,645 454,438 3,684 1,053,126 
7 Special mention7,038 796 184 695 1,526 2,858 47 89 13,233 
8-9 Classified— 806 — 319 (3)2,653 1,600 1,098 6,473 
Total$95,559 $290,690 $54,738 $43,083 $49,297 $93,170 $477,043 $4,871 $1,108,451 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$— $209 $— $$— $2,537 $1,906 $474 $5,127 
Consumer
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$34 $30 $$— $$— $854 $— $926 
4-6 Pass62,868 226,084 20,798 48,542 31,693 37,838 8,739 — 436,562 
7 Special mention1,252 3,490 464 1,126 278 238 60 — 6,908 
8-9 Classified47 — — 59 79 74 — 16 275 
Total$64,201 $229,604 $21,269 $49,727 $32,051 $38,150 $9,653 $16 $444,671 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$309 $529 $237 $728 $— $354 $— $$2,164 
Total Loans and Leases
Internal risk rating:
1-3 High pass$233,682 $313,224 $86,906 $286,631 $192,647 $313,707 $1,090,668 $503 $2,517,968 
4-6 Pass6,976,510 7,087,371 2,139,818 1,647,953 1,245,216 1,854,908 4,305,696 149,159 25,406,631 
7 Special mention49,532 70,976 15,719 146,955 102,544 125,087 50,364 5,082 566,259 
8-9 Classified19,295 37,336 5,797 1,688 30,222 20,585 1,600 1,748 118,271 
Total$7,279,019 $7,508,907 $2,248,240 $2,083,227 $1,570,629 $2,314,287 $5,448,328 $156,492 $28,609,129 
Current YTD period:
Gross charge-offs$558 $1,889 $1,149 $808 $2,258 $3,298 $3,596 $481 $14,037 
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(1)    Amounts with negative balances are loans with zero principal balances and deferred loan origination fees.