10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended: December 31, 2019

☐ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number: 1-33026 

Commvault Systems, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	22-3447504
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1 Commvault Way

Tinton Falls, New Jersey

07724

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(732) 870-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	CVLT	NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by the Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrant was required to submit such files.)    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13 (a) of the Exchange Act							☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  x

As of January 30, 2020, there were 46,601,042 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.

1

COMMVAULT SYSTEMS, INC.

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

		Page
Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements and Notes
	Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019	1
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	2
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	3
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	4
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018	6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	26
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	26
Part II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28
Item 2.	Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28
Item 5.	Other Information	28
Item 6.	Exhibits	29
SIGNATURES		30

2

Commvault Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	272,025		$	327,992
Restricted cash	8,000			—
Short-term investments	64,988			130,338
Trade accounts receivable	161,626			176,836
Other current assets	18,774			19,836
Total current assets	525,413			655,002
Property and equipment, net	115,972			122,716
Operating lease assets	15,248			—
Deferred commissions cost	31,990			33,619
Intangible assets, net	49,175			—
Goodwill	112,435			—
Other assets	12,335			11,116
Total assets	$	862,568		$	822,453
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	1,069		$	2,186
Accrued liabilities	89,474			85,721
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	7,730			—
Deferred revenue	235,513			238,439
Total current liabilities	333,786			326,346
Deferred revenue, less current portion	97,730			99,257
Deferred tax liabilities, net	1,726			2,594
Long-term operating lease liabilities	9,223			—
Other liabilities	2,470			2,953
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 50,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 250,000 shares authorized, 46,497 shares and 45,582 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively	463			454
Additional paid-in capital	962,097			887,907
Accumulated deficit	(533,154		)	(485,490		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,773		)	(11,568		)
Total stockholders’ equity	417,633			391,303
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	862,568		$	822,453

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

1

Commvault Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenues:
Software and products	$	76,631		$	84,515		$	208,900		$	229,069
Services	99,720			99,760			297,236			300,461
Total revenues	176,351			184,275			506,136			529,530
Cost of revenues:
Software and products	8,077			6,093			22,938			15,262
Services	22,446			22,760			67,546			68,070
Total cost of revenues	30,523			28,853			90,484			83,332
Gross margin	145,828			155,422			415,652			446,198
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	84,563			94,392			252,908			281,502
Research and development	30,503			22,005			77,310			69,751
General and administrative	23,864			20,900			71,124			69,001
Restructuring	2,021			4,953			18,951			13,342
Depreciation and amortization	5,356			2,728			10,681			7,961
Total operating expenses	146,307			144,978			430,974			441,557
Income (loss) from operations	(479		)	10,444			(15,322		)	4,641
Interest income	786			1,721			4,270			3,760
Income (loss) before income taxes	307			12,165			(11,052		)	8,401
Income tax expense (benefit)	957			(1,235		)	3,528			2,677
Net income (loss)	$	(650	)	$	13,400		$	(14,580	)	$	5,724
Net income (loss) per common share:
Basic	$	(0.01	)	$	0.29		$	(0.32	)	$	0.12
Diluted	$	(0.01	)	$	0.28		$	(0.32	)	$	0.12
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	46,028			46,074			45,586			45,803
Diluted	46,028			47,357			45,586			47,674

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

2

Commvault Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	(650		)	13,400			(14,580		)	$	5,724
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	960			(173		)	(205		)	$	(6,493	)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	310		$	13,227		$	(14,785	)	$	(769	)

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

3

Commvault Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			Additional Paid – In Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
	Shares	Amount
Balance as of September 30, 2019	45,409	$	452	$	916,899	$	(532,504	)	$	(12,733	)	$	372,114
Stock-based compensation				18,974								18,974
Share issuances related to business combinations				1,616								1,616
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	1,088	11		24,608								24,619
Net loss						(650		)				(650		)
Other comprehensive income									960			960
Balance as of December 31, 2019	46,497	$	463	$	962,097	$	(533,154	)	$	(11,773	)	$	417,633

	Common Stock					Additional Paid – In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
	Shares		Amount
Balance as of March 31, 2019	45,582		$	454		$	887,907		$	(485,490	)	$	(11,568	)	$	391,303
Stock-based compensation						48,581									48,581
Share issuances related to business combinations						1,616									1,616
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	1,745		17			30,927									30,944
Repurchase of common stock	(830	)	(8		)	(6,934		)	(33,084		)				(40,026		)
Net loss									(14,580		)				(14,580		)
Other comprehensive loss												(205		)	(205		)
Balance as of December 31, 2019	46,497		$	463		$	962,097		$	(533,154	)	$	(11,773	)	$	417,633

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

4

Commvault Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock					Additional Paid – In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
	Shares		Amount
Balance as of September 30, 2018	46,034		$	458		$	843,622		$	(415,143	)	$	(11,792	)	$	417,145
Stock-based compensation						15,832									15,832
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	702		7			3,196									3,203
Repurchase of common stock	(937	)	(9		)	(7,767		)	(46,604		)				(54,380		)
Net income									13,400						13,400
Other comprehensive loss												(173		)	(173		)
Balance as of December 31, 2018	45,799		$	456		$	854,883		$	(448,347	)	$	(11,965	)	$	395,027

	Common Stock					Additional Paid – In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total
	Shares		Amount
Balance as of March 31, 2018	45,118		$	450		$	782,764		$	(373,678	)	$	(5,472	)	$	404,064
Stock-based compensation						51,586									51,586
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	2,185		21			32,808									32,829
Repurchase of common stock	(1,504	)	(15		)	(12,275		)	(80,393		)				(92,683		)
Net income									5,724						5,724
Other comprehensive loss												(6,493		)	(6,493		)
Balance as of December 31, 2018	45,799		$	456		$	854,883		$	(448,347	)	$	(11,965	)	$	395,027

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

5

Commvault Systems, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net Income (loss)	$	(14,580	)	$	5,724
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	11,618			9,112
Noncash stock-based compensation	48,581			51,586
Deferred income taxes	—			(150		)
Amortization of deferred commissions cost	13,150			13,006
Impairment of operating lease assets	2,195			—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	12,735			(17,918		)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net	(512		)	—
Other current assets and Other assets	5,586			10,425
Deferred commissions cost	(11,352		)	(13,765		)
Accounts payable	(1,726		)	637
Accrued liabilities	(2,018		)	5,345
Deferred revenue	(6,262		)	9,368
Other liabilities	(1,407		)	224
Net cash provided by operating activities	56,008			73,594
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of short-term investments	(32,800		)	(98,150		)
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments	98,150			99,243
Purchase of property and equipment	(1,911		)	(5,104		)
Business combination, net of cash acquired	(157,495		)	—
Net cash used in investing activities	(94,056		)	(4,011		)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repurchase of common stock	(40,026		)	(92,683		)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans	30,944			32,829
Net cash used in financing activities	(9,082		)	(59,854		)
Effects of exchange rate — changes in cash	(837		)	(13,115		)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(47,967		)	(3,386		)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	327,992			330,784
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	280,025		$	327,398

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

6

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited

(In thousands, except per share data)

1.    Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of Commvault Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Commvault" or the "Company") as of December 31, 2019 and for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2019. The results reported in these financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year.

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported for each of its periods presented are affected by estimates and assumptions, which are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for revenue recognition, income taxes and related reserves, stock-based compensation and accounting for research and development costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Correction of an Immaterial Error in Previously Issued Financial Statements

Subsequent to the issuance of the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018 and for the interim periods in fiscal 2019, the Company concluded that the Consolidated Statement of Operations contained an immaterial error related to the classification of legal fees related to intellectual property as Research and development expenses and not General and administrative expenses.  These immaterial errors have been corrected for the comparative period shown by reclassifying $911 and $2,466 from Research and development expense to General and administrative expense for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018. This immaterial error did not have any impact on our financial position, net loss or cash flow.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Leases

    In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting standards update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases. Under the new guidance, the Company is required to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for leases. The Company adopted the new guidance on April 1, 2019 using the optional transition method, which allows for the prospective application of the standard, and as a result, the Company did not record an adjustment to retained earnings. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients, for all of its leases, permitted under the transition guidance within the standard, which allowed the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification, to not reassess prior conclusions related to initial direct costs and to not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases. The Company also elected the lessee practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for new leases and modified leases. The Company also made an accounting policy election in accordance with the new standard to apply accounting similar to ASC 840 to short-term leases, which are defined as leases that have a term of twelve months or less. The new guidance does not have any impact on the Consolidated Statement of Operations or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

    In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (ASU 2016-13). The standard amends guidance on the impairment of financial instruments. The ASU estimates credit losses based on expected losses and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The standard requires a modified retrospective basis adoption through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The amendments of this ASU are effective for the Company's fiscal 2021. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have a material impact the financial statements.

7

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

There have been no other additional significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019 and to the changes disclosed above.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company grants credit to customers in a wide variety of industries worldwide and generally does not require collateral. Credit losses relating to these customers have been minimal.

Sales through the Company’s distribution agreement with Arrow Enterprise Computing Solutions, Inc. (“Arrow”) totaled 37% of total revenues for both the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Arrow accounted for approximately 32% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2019 and 38% of total accounts receivable as of March 31, 2019.

Sales through the Company's original manufacturing agreement with Hitachi Vantara (formerly Hitachi Data Systems) ("Hitachi") accounted for 11% of total accounts receivables as of December 31, 2019.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company’s cash equivalents balance consists primarily of money market funds. The Company’s short-term investments balance consists of U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities of one year or less. The Company accounts for its short-term investments as held to maturity. The contingent consideration liability associated with the Hedvig acquisition as discussed further in Note 3 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements was valued based on a probability weighted-average approach.

The following table summarizes the composition of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019:

December 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	34,800	—		—			$	34,800
Short-term investments	$	—	66,262		—			$	66,262
Total assets	$	34,800	$	66,262	—			$	101,062
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	(4,000	)	$	(4,000	)

March 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3	Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	102,702	—		—	$	102,702
Short-term investments	$	—	131,937		—	$	131,937
Total assets	$	102,702	$	131,937	—	$	234,639

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is recorded when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The carrying value of goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis on January 1, or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its carrying amount. For the purpose of impairment testing, the Company has a single reporting unit. The impairment test consists of comparing the fair value with its carrying amount that includes goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss would be recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its fair value.

Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are valued using the income method and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their economic lives of five years for developed technology and two years for customer relationships as the Company believes this method most closely reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets will be consumed. Impairment losses are recognized if the carrying amount of an intangible is both not recoverable and exceeds its fair value.

8

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

3.    Business Combination

On October 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of Hedvig Inc., a Delaware corporation, (“Hedvig”), for a purchase price of $163,205, which consisted of $157,589 of cash (exclusive of $4,000 of contingent consideration), and $1,616 of restricted stock units.

The Company also entered into compensation arrangements with the employees of Hedvig. This included the issuance of restricted stock units that vest over the next three years (a portion of which is allocated to the purchase price). Refer to Note 8 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements for further discussion on stock awards. Additionally, certain Hedvig shareholders will receive cash payments totaling $14,100 over the course of the 30 months following the date of acquisition, contingent on their continued employment with the Company. While these payments are proportionate to these shareholders' ownership of Hedvig, under US GAAP they are accounted for as compensation expense over the course of the 30 month service period, and not included in the purchase price.

The following table summarizes the purchase price and preliminary purchase price allocation made as of the date of acquisition:

Purchase price allocation:
Cash paid at closing	$	157,589
Fair value of restricted stock units included in purchase price	1,616
Fair value of contingent consideration	4,000
Total purchase price	$	163,205
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash	$	94
Trade accounts receivable	1,074
Other current assets	104
Property and equipment	202
Intangible assets	52,000
Other assets	682
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(1,060		)
Deferred revenue	(2,231		)
Operating lease liability, net of operating lease assets	(11		)
Deferred tax liability	(84		)
Total identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed	50,770
Goodwill	112,435
Total purchase price	163,205

Contingent consideration

The contingent consideration arrangement requires the Company to pay up to $8,000 of cash to the former owners of Hedvig, contingent on the Company receiving one or more bona fide and valid purchase orders from a specified customer, no later than April 30, 2020. The $8,000 is classified as Restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The actual consideration paid can range from $0 to $8,000 and is based on the amount of orders received. The fair value of the contingent liability was estimated to be $4,000 based on a probability weighted-average approach and was included in the purchase price. The $4,000 liability is included in Accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. At the end of each reporting period after the acquisition date, the arrangement is remeasured at its fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Changes in fair value will be recognized in General and administrative expense. As of December 31, 2019, the Company continues to estimate the fair value of the liability as $4,000.

9

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

Actual and Unaudited Pro Forma Information

The unaudited amounts of Hedvig’s revenue and net loss included in the Company’s consolidated income statement for both the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, and the revenue and net loss of the combined entity had the acquisition date been April 1, 2018, are as follows:

    

	Revenue		Net Loss
Actual from 10/01/2019 - 12/31/2019	$	240	$	(9,325	)
Fiscal 2020 supplemental pro forma from 04/01/2019 - 12/31/2019	$	507,241	$	(19,246	)
Fiscal 2019 supplemental pro forma from 04/01/2018 - 12/31/2018	$	532,825	$	(21,072	)

The Company's post-acquisition loss for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 includes expenses related to the noncash amortization of intangible assets, compensation paid to Hedvig employees, restricted stock units granted to Hedvig employees and the cash payments being made to Hedvig shareholders over a 30 month service period as discussed above.

The fiscal 2020 supplemental pro forma net loss was adjusted to exclude $5,639 of acquisition-related costs incurred in fiscal 2020. The fiscal 2019 supplemental pro forma net loss was adjusted to include these charges. In addition to estimated operating expenses, both periods include noncash amortization expenses related to intangible assets as if the acquisition had taken place on April 1, 2018.

4.    Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill

The goodwill of $112,435 arising from the acquisition represents the estimated value of potential expansion with new customers, the opportunity to further develop sales relationships with new customer and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. None of the goodwill recorded is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The Company will perform the annual impairment test of goodwill on January 1.

Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets consist of developed technology and customer relationships which were valued using the income approach. Developed technology and customer relationships have estimated useful lives of five and two years, respectively, and are being amortized on a straight-line basis. Purchased intangible assets, net of amortization are summarized below:

	December 31, 2019
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net Assets
Developed technology	$	49,000	$	(2,450	)	$	46,550
Customer relationships	3,000		(375		)	2,625
Total intangible assets	$	52,000	$	(2,825	)	$	49,175

10

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

Future amortization expense associated with intangible assets with finite lives is expected to be:

	December 31, 2019
2020 (remaining)	$	2,825
2021	11,300
2022	10,550
2023	9,800
2024	9,800
Thereafter	4,900
	$	49,175

5.    Revenue

The Company derives revenues from two primary sources: software and products, and services. Software and products revenue includes the Company's software and integrated appliances that combine the Company's software with hardware. Services include customer support (software updates and technical support), consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. A typical contract includes both licenses and services.

Historically, the Company’s software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use the Company’s software. The Company also sells term-based software licenses that expire, which are referred to as subscription arrangements. The Company does not customize its software and installation services are not required. The software is delivered before related services are provided and is functional without professional services, updates and technical support. The Company has concluded that its software license is functional intellectual property that is distinct as the user can benefit from the software on its own. Software revenue is typically recognized when the software is delivered and/or made available for download as this is the point the user of the software can direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the functional intellectual property. The Company does not recognize software revenue related to the renewal of subscription software licenses earlier than the beginning of the subscription period.

Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support, integrated web-based support and bug fixes or patches. The Company sells its customer support contracts as a percentage of net software purchases the support is related to. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year.

The Company’s other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. Customer education services include courses taught by the Company’s instructors or third-party contractors. Revenue related to other professional services and customer education services is typically recognized as the services are performed.

Most of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices of software and appliances are typically estimated using the residual approach. Standalone selling prices of services are typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are sold on a standalone basis.

11

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

The Company’s typical performance obligations include the following:

Performance Obligation	When Performance Obligation  is Typically Satisfied	When Payment is Typically Due	How Standalone Selling Price is Typically Estimated
Software and Products Revenue
Software Licenses	Upon shipment or made available for download (point in time)	Within 90 days of shipment except for certain subscription licenses which are paid for over time	Residual approach
Appliances	When control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery	Within 90 days of delivery	Residual approach
Customer Support Revenue
Software Updates	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	At the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Customer Support	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	At the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Professional Services
Other Professional Services (except for education services)	As work is performed (over time)	Within 90 days of services being performed	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Education Services	When the class is taught (point in time)	Within 90 days of services being performed	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into the nature of the products and services and geographical regions. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China). The Company operates in one segment.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	40,291	$	29,107	$	7,233	$	76,631
Customer Support Revenue	57,856		22,237		10,438		90,531
Professional Services	4,883		2,673		1,633		9,189
Total Revenue	$	103,030	$	54,017	$	19,304	$	176,351

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	41,798	$	31,073	$	11,644	$	84,515
Customer Support Revenue	58,575		20,597		9,669		88,841
Professional Services	6,193		3,014		1,712		10,919
Total Revenue	$	106,566	$	54,684	$	23,025	$	184,275

12

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	107,375	$	71,922	$	29,603	$	208,900
Customer Support Revenue	173,450		65,810		30,756		270,016
Professional Services	14,179		8,035		5,006		27,220
Total Revenue	$	295,004	$	145,767	$	65,365	$	506,136

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	125,290	$	70,624	$	33,155	$	229,069
Customer Support Revenue	178,676		61,399		28,779		268,854
Professional Services	17,467		8,945		5,195		31,607
Total Revenue	$	321,433	$	140,968	$	67,129	$	529,530

Information about Contract Balances

Amounts collected in advance of services being provided are accounted for as deferred revenue. Nearly all of the Company's deferred revenue balance is related to services revenue, primarily customer support contracts.

In certain contracts the Company allows customers to pay for term-based, or subscription, software licenses and products over the term of the license. Amounts recognized as revenue in excess of amounts billed are recorded as unbilled receivables. Unbilled receivables which are anticipated to be invoiced in the next twelve months are included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Long term unbilled receivables are included in other assets. The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues are as follows:

	Accounts Receivable			Unbilled Receivable (current)		Unbilled Receivable (long-term)		Deferred Revenue (current)			Deferred Revenue (long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	161,570		$	15,266	$	7,216	$	238,439		$	99,257
Increase/(decrease), net	(15,895		)	685		1,431		(2,926		)	(1,527		)
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	145,675		$	15,951	$	8,647	$	235,513		$	97,730

The decrease in accounts receivable is primarily a result of a decrease in software and products revenue relative to the fourth quarter of the prior year. The decrease in deferred revenue is primarily the result of a decrease in deferred customer support revenue related to software and products revenue transactions and customer support renewals relative to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 and a weakening of the U.S. dollar.

The amount of revenue recognized in fiscal 2020 that was included in the March 31, 2019 balance of deferred revenue was $51,753 and $207,938 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The vast majority of this revenue consists of customer support arrangements. The amount of software and products revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 related to performance obligations from prior periods was not significant.

Remaining Performance Obligations

In addition to the amounts included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2019, $28,655 of revenue may be recognized from remaining performance obligations, of which $3,103 was related to software and products. The Company expects the majority of this software and products revenue to be recognized next quarter. The vast majority of the services revenue is related to other professional services which may be recognized over the next twelve months but is contingent upon a number of factors, including customers’ needs and schedules.

13

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

6.    Net Income per Common Share

The diluted weighted-average shares outstanding exclude outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, performance restricted stock units and shares to be purchased under the employee stock purchase plan totaling 5,459 and 1,045 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 4,952 and 1,024 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

7.    Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. The Company does not believe that it is currently party to any pending legal action that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on its business or operating results.

The Company has a contingent liability related to the acquisition of Hedvig. See Note 3 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements for further details on the arrangement.

8.    Capitalization

As of December 31, 2019, $159,974 remained in the Company's current stock repurchase authorization which expires on March 31, 2020.

9.    Stock Plans

The following table presents the stock-based compensation expense included in Cost of services revenue, Sales and marketing, Research and development, General and administrative and Restructuring expenses for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Stock-based compensation is attributable to stock options, restricted stock units, performance based awards and the employee stock purchase plan.

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Cost of services revenue	$	635	$	705	$	2,023	$	2,217
Sales and marketing	9,128		8,395		24,133		26,990
Research and development	5,222		2,058		9,226		6,547
General and administrative	3,280		4,406		11,517		14,350
Restructuring	709		268		1,682		1,482
Stock-based compensation expense	$	18,974	$	15,832	$	48,581	$	51,586

As of December 31, 2019, there was $141,285 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock option and restricted stock unit awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.26 years. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. To the extent that awards are forfeited, stock-based compensation will be different from the Company’s current estimate.

14

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

Stock Options

Stock option activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Stock Options	Number of Options		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding options as of March 31, 2019	3,212		$	54.55
Options granted	—		—
Options exercised	(797	)	32.86
Options forfeited	—		—
Options expired	(67	)	$	73.81
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2,348		$	61.34	2.94	$	3,370
Exercisable as of December 31, 2019	2,348		$	61.34	2.94	$	3,370

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Non-vested Restricted Stock Units	Number of Awards		Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of March 31, 2019	1,831		$	62.58
Awarded	2,556		46.60
Vested	(816	)	59.83
Forfeited	(195	)	60.48
Non-vested as of December 31, 2019	3,376		$	51.24

The weighted-average fair value of restricted stock units awarded was $46.21 and $46.60 per unit during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, and $58.55 and $63.30 per unit during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018. The weighted-average fair value of awards includes the awards with a market condition described below.

The Company issued a total of 1,018 awards to Hedvig employees in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 as part of the total consideration. These awards were granted at a fair value of $44.49 per share and $43,653 of stock-based compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.68 years. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.

Performance Based Awards

In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company granted 105 performance restricted stock units ("PSU") to certain executives. Vesting of these awards is contingent upon i) the Company meeting certain company-wide revenue and non-GAAP performance goals (performance-based) in fiscal 2020 and ii) the Company's customary service periods. The awards vest over three years and have a maximum potential to vest at 200% (210 shares) based on actual fiscal 2020 performance. The related stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and is recognized over the vesting term using the accelerated method. During the interim financial periods, management estimates the probable number of PSU’s that would vest until the ultimate achievement of the performance goals is known. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.

15

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

Awards with a Market Condition

In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company granted 95 market performance stock units to certain executives. The vesting of these awards is contingent upon the Company meeting certain total shareholder return ("TSR") levels as compared to the Russell 3000 market index over the next three years. The awards vest in three annual tranches and have a maximum potential to vest at 200% (190 shares) based on TSR performance. The related stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the estimated fair value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and is recognized using the accelerated method over the vesting term. The estimated fair value was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The fair value of the awards granted during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 was $48.26 per unit. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.

10.    Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $3,528 in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to an expense of $2,677 in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. In fiscal 2018 the Company determined that it was more likely than not that it will not realize the benefits of its gross deferred tax assets and therefore recorded a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of these gross deferred tax assets, net of the impact of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, to zero. The Company’s position remains unchanged as of the period ended December 31, 2019. The tax expense for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 relates primarily to current foreign taxes.

11.    Restructuring

In fiscal 2019, the Company initiated a restructuring plan to increase efficiency in its sales, marketing and distribution functions as well as reduce costs across all functional areas. During the quarter, the Company incurred total restructuring charges of $2,021. These restructuring charges relate primarily to severance and related costs associated with headcount reductions and lease abandonment charges associated with five office leases. These charges include $709 of stock-based compensation related to modifications of existing unvested awards granted to certain employees impacted by the restructuring plan.

The activity in the Company’s restructuring accruals for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Balance at September 30	$	10,358		$	1,763
Restructuring charges(1)	2,831			5,351
Payments	(8,040		)	(3,156		)
Accrual reversals	(955		)	(398		)
Balance at December 31	$	4,194		$	3,560

16

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Balance at March 31	$	1,089		$	—
Restructuring charges(1)	17,711			13,740
Payments	(13,651		)	(9,782		)
Accrual reversals	(955		)	(398		)
Balance at December 31	$	4,194		$	3,560

(1) Restructuring charges of $2,831 and $17,711 in the tables above do not include restructuring charges for two of the Company's leases in the amount of $145 and five in the amount of $2,195 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. Under the new lease standard (ASC 842) the Company is now required to account for the impairment as a charge to the Statement of Operations and a reduction in the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset.

As of December 31, 2019, the outstanding restructuring accruals primarily relate to future severance payments.

12.    Leases

The Company’s lease liabilities relate primarily to operating leases for its global office infrastructure. These operating leases expire at various dates through fiscal 2026. The Company records lease liabilities at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid, discounted at the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

The Company recognizes operating lease costs over the estimated term of the lease, which includes options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised, starting when possession of the property is taken from the landlord. When a lease contains a predetermined fixed escalation of the minimum rent, the Company recognizes the related operating lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In addition, certain of the Company’s lease agreements include variable lease payments, such as estimated tax and maintenance charges. These variable lease payments are excluded from minimum lease payments and are included in the determination of lease cost when it is probable that the expense has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company did not have any finance leases.

Net lease cost recognized on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019		Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
Operating Lease Cost	$	1,923	$	6,766
Short-term Lease Cost	112		349
Variable Lease Cost	659		1,408
Net Lease Cost	$	2,694	$	8,523

17

Commvault Systems, Inc

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)

(In thousands, except per share data)

As of December 31, 2019, the maturities of lease liabilities based on the total minimum lease commitment amount including options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised are as follows:

Remainder of FY 2020	$	1,580
FY 2021	7,865
FY 2022	4,627
FY 2023	2,017
FY 2024	1,382
Thereafter	1,719
Total Minimum Lease Payments	$	19,190
Less: Imputed Interest	(2,237		)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	16,953
Less: Current Portion of operating lease liabilities	7,730
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$	9,223

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, additions of operating lease assets were $116 and $5,421, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the minimum lease commitment amount for operating leases signed but not yet commenced, was immaterial.

As of December 31, 2019, the weighted-average remaining operating lease term was 3.27 years and the weighted-average discount rate was 4% for operating leases recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Disclosures related to periods prior to the adoption of the new lease standard

Rental expense was $2,954 and $9,041 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018, respectively.    

13.    Subsequent Event

On January 23, 2020, the Board of Directors authorized an increase to the existing share repurchase program so that $200,000 was available. The authorization will expire on March 31, 2021.

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Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The statements in this discussion regarding our expectations of our future performance, liquidity and capital resources, and other non-historical statements are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.

Overview

Commvault is a provider of data and information management software applications and related services. Commvault was incorporated in 1996 as a Delaware corporation. The Commvault software platform is an enterprise level, integrated data and information management solution, built from the ground up on a single platform and unified code base. All software functionality share the same back-end technologies to deliver the benefits of a holistic approach to protecting, managing, and accessing data. The software addresses many aspects of data management in the enterprise, while providing scalability and control of data and information. In fiscal 2018, we also started selling appliances that integrate our software with hardware and address a wide-range of business needs and use cases, ranging from support for remote or branch offices with limited IT staff up to large corporate data centers. We also provide our customers with a broad range of professional services that are delivered by our worldwide support and field operations.

In the third quarter of fiscal 2020 we completed the acquisition of Hedvig, a California-based developer of software-defined storage solutions. The primary reason for the business combination is the complementary nature of Hedvig’s technology, compared to our other technology, which will expand our addressable market.

Sources of Revenues

We derive a significant portion of our total revenues from sales of licenses of our software applications and products. We do not customize our software for a specific end-user customer. We sell our software applications and products to end-user customers both directly through our sales force and indirectly through our global network of value-added reseller partners, systems integrators, corporate resellers and original equipment manufacturers. Our software and products revenue was 41% and 43% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

In recent fiscal periods, we have generated approximately three-quarters of our software and products revenue from our existing customer base and approximately one-quarter of our software and products revenue from new customers. In addition, our total software and products revenue in any particular period is, to a certain extent, dependent upon our ability to generate revenues from large customer software and products deals, which we refer to as enterprise transactions. Enterprise transactions (transactions greater than $0.1 million) represented 64% and 63% of our total software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Software and products revenue generated through indirect distribution channels was 93% of total software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and was 90% of total software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. Software and products revenue generated through direct distribution channels was 7% of total software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and was 10% of total software revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The dollar value of software and products revenue generated through indirect distribution channels decreased $13.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The dollar value of software and products revenue generated through direct distribution channels decreased $6.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2018. Deals initiated by our direct sales force are sometimes transacted through indirect channels based on end-user customer requirements, which are not always in our control and can cause this overall percentage split to vary from period-to-period. As such, there may be fluctuations in the dollars and percentage of software and products revenue generated through our direct distribution channels from time-to-time. We believe that the growth of our software and products revenue, derived from both our indirect channel partners and direct sales force, are key attributes to our long-term growth strategy. We will continue to invest in both our channel relationships and direct sales force in the future, but we continue to expect more revenue to be generated through indirect distribution channels over the long term. The failure of our indirect distribution channels or our direct sales force to effectively sell our software applications could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.

Our primary original equipment manufacturer agreement is with Hitachi Vantara (formerly Hitachi Data Systems) ("Hitachi") and allows them to market, sell and support our software applications and services on a stand-alone basis and/or incorporate our software applications into their own hardware products. Our original equipment manufacturer partners, including Hitachi, have no obligation to recommend or offer our software applications exclusively or at all, and they have no

19

minimum sales requirements and can terminate our relationship at any time. Sales through our original equipment manufacturer agreement, accounted for 11% of our total revenues for the nine months ended months ended December 31, 2019.

We also have a non-exclusive distribution agreement covering our North American commercial markets and our U.S. Federal Government market with Arrow Enterprise Computing Solutions, Inc. ("Arrow"), a subsidiary of Arrow Electronics, Inc. Pursuant to this distribution agreement, Arrow's primary role is to enable a more efficient and effective distribution channel for our products and services by managing our reseller partners and leveraging their own industry experience. We generated 37% of our total revenues through Arrow in both the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. If Arrow were to discontinue or reduce the sales of our products or if our agreement with Arrow was terminated, and if we were unable to take back the management of our reseller channel or find another North American distributor to replace Arrow, then it would have a material adverse effect on our future business.

Our services revenue was 59% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 57% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. Our services revenue is made up of fees from the delivery of customer support and other professional services, which are typically sold in connection with the sale of our software applications. Customer support agreements provide technical support and unspecified software updates on a when-and-if-available basis for an annual fee based on licenses purchased and the level of service subscribed. Other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education.

Most of our customer support agreements are priced as a percentage of the related net software purchased and are for a one year term. As the end of the annual period approaches, we pursue the renewal of the agreement with the customer. Historically, customer support renewals have represented a significant portion of our total revenue. Because of this characteristic of our business, if our customers choose not to renew their support agreements with us on beneficial terms, or at all, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rates’ Impact on Results of Operations

Sales outside the United States were 49% of our total revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 47% of our total revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The results of our non-U.S. operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates for each applicable month in a period. To the extent the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, the translation of these foreign currency denominated transactions generally results in increased revenue, operating expenses and income from operations for our non-U.S. operations. Similarly, our revenue, operating expenses and net income will generally decrease for our non-U.S. operations if the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies.

Using the average foreign currency exchange rates from the three months ended December 31, 2018 our software and products revenue would have been higher by $0.4 million, our services revenue would have been higher by $0.8 million, our cost of sales would have been higher by $0.2 million and our operating expenses would have been higher by $0.3 million from non-U.S. operations for the three months ended December 31, 2019. Using the average foreign currency rates from the nine months ended December 31, 2018 our software revenue would have been higher by $3.4 million, our services revenue would have been higher by $4.8 million, our cost of sales would have been higher by $1.2 million and our operating expenses would have been higher by $4.6 million from non-U.S. operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

In addition, we are exposed to risks of foreign currency fluctuation primarily from cash balances, accounts receivables and intercompany accounts denominated in foreign currencies and are subject to the resulting transaction gains and losses, which are recorded as a component of general and administrative expenses. We recognized a net foreign currency transaction loss of $0.1 million and $0.2 million three and nine months ended December 31, 2019. We recognized net foreign currency transaction gains of $0.1 million and $0.8 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018, respectively.

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Critical Accounting Policies

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. In many instances, we could have reasonably used different accounting estimates, and in other instances changes in the accounting estimates are reasonably likely to occur from period-to-period. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by our management. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.

In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application, while in other cases, significant judgment is required in selecting among available alternative accounting standards that allow different accounting treatment for similar transactions. We consider these policies requiring significant management judgment to be critical accounting policies. These critical accounting policies are:

•Revenue Recognition;

•Accounting for Income Taxes

•Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

As a result of the acquisition of Hedvig, the Company acquired goodwill and intangible assets. Determining the fair value of intangible assets requires management to make estimates, which are based on all available information and in some cases assumptions with respect to the timing and amount of future revenues and expenses associated with an asset. Refer to Note 4 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information on goodwill and intangible assets.

Other than the addition of goodwill and purchased intangible assets, there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019. In addition, please see Note 2 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our fiscal 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for a description of our accounting policies.

Results of Operations

Three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to three months ended December 31, 2018

Revenues

Total revenues decreased $7.9 million, or 4%, from $184.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $176.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019.

Software and Products Revenue. Software and products revenue decreased $7.9 million, or 9%, from $84.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $76.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. Software and products revenue represented 43% and 46% of our total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

We track software and products revenue on a geographic basis. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China, Japan). Americas, EMEA and APAC represented 53%, 38% and 9% of total software and products revenue, respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2019. The year over year decline of software and products revenue was 4% in the Americas, 6% in EMEA and 38% in APAC.

▪ The decrease in Americas software and products revenue was primarily the result of a decrease in non-enterprise revenue.

▪ EMEA software and products revenue decreased primarily as a result of a decrease in enterprise revenue transactions.

▪ The decrease in APAC software and products revenue was primarily the result of a decrease in enterprise revenue transactions partially offset by an increase in the average enterprise selling price.

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Software and products revenue derived from enterprise transactions (transactions greater than $0.1 million) represented 66% of our software and products revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 65% of our software and products revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2018. Enterprise transaction revenue decreased by $4.2 million, or 8%, in the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2018. This was driven by an 11% decrease in the number of enterprise transactions. The average dollar amount of such transactions was approximately $279 thousand in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and approximately $268 thousand in the three months ended December 31, 2018.

Services Revenue. Services revenue decreased less than $0.1 million, from $99.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $99.7 million the three months ended December 31, 2019. Services revenue represented 57% of our total revenues in three months ended December 31, 2019 and 54% in the three months ended December 31, 2018.

Cost of Software and Products Revenues. Total cost of software and products revenues increased $2.0 million, from $6.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $8.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. Cost of software and product revenue represented 11% of software and product revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to 7% in the three months ended December 31, 2018. The increase in cost of software and products revenue is related to additional hardware and software royalty costs associated with our appliance and hyperscale product offerings. As sales of our appliances and hyperscale products continue to ramp, we expect the cost of software and products as a percentage of software and products revenue will also increase.

Cost of Services Revenues. Total cost of services revenues decreased $0.3 million, or 1%, from $22.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $22.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. The gross margin of our services revenue was 77% for both the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $9.8 million, or 10%, from $94.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $84.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is due to an $8.8 million decrease in employee compensation and related expenses mainly attributable to our restructuring and reorganization initiatives. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 48% and 51% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased $8.5 million, or 39%, from $22.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $30.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. The increase is primarily due to an increase in employee-related costs resulting from additional headcount due to the acquisition of Hedvig. Approximately $3.2 million of the increase in employee-related costs is related to noncash stock-based compensation. Additionally, certain Hedvig shareholders will receive cash payments totaling $14,100 over the course of the 30 months following the date of acquisition, contingent on their continued employment with the Company. While these payments are proportionate to these shareholders' ownership of Hedvig, under GAAP they are accounted for as compensation expense over the course of the 30 month service period. Research and development expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2019 include $1.4 million of expense related to this arrangement. Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 17% and 12% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $3.0 million, or 14%, from $20.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018 to $23.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. General and administrative expenses in the three months ended December 31, 2019 includes $4.4 million of non-routine acquisition costs related to the Company's acquisition of Hedvig in October 2019. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 14% and 11% in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Restructuring.  In fiscal 2019 we initiated a restructuring plan to increase efficiency in our sales, marketing and distribution functions as well as reduce costs across all functional areas.  Restructuring expenses were $2.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019. These restructuring charges relate primarily to severance and related costs associated with headcount reductions as well as lease abandonment charges related to the closure of two offices. These charges include $0.7 million of stock-based compensation related to modifications of existing awards granted to certain employees included in the restructuring. We cannot guarantee the restructuring program will achieve its intended result. Risks associated with this restructuring program also include additional unexpected costs, adverse effects on employee morale and the failure to meet operational and growth targets due to the loss of key employees, any of which may impair our ability to achieve anticipated results of operations or otherwise harm our business.

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Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $1.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to a benefit of $1.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018. The income tax expense for the three months ended December 31, 2019 relates primarily to current foreign taxes. In fiscal 2018 the Company determined that it was more likely than not that it will not realize the benefits of its gross deferred tax assets and therefore recorded a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of these gross deferred tax assets, net of the impact of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, to zero. The Company’s position remains unchanged as of the period ended December 31, 2019.

Nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to nine months ended December 31, 2018

Revenues

Total revenues decreased $23.4 million, or 4%, from $529.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $506.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019.

Software and Products Revenue. Software and products revenue decreased $20.2 million, or 9%, from $229.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $208.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. Software and products revenue represented 41% of our total revenues in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 43% in the nine months ended December 31, 2018.

We track software and products revenue on a geographic basis. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China, Japan). Americas, EMEA and APAC represented 51%, 35% and 14% of total software and products revenue, respectively, for the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The year over year decline of software and products revenue was 14% in the Americas and 11% in APAC, while EMEA increased 2%.

▪ The decrease in Americas software and products revenue was the result of a decrease in enterprise revenue transactions partially offset by an increase in the average enterprise transaction selling price.

▪ EMEA software and products revenue increased primarily as a result of an increase in both the amount and average selling price of enterprise revenue transactions.

▪ The decrease in APAC software and products revenue was primarily due to a decrease in non-enterprise revenue.

Software and products revenue derived from enterprise transactions (transactions greater than $0.1 million) represented 64% of our software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 63% of our software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. Enterprise transactions decreased by $10.5 million, or 7%, in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2018. This was driven by an 18% decrease in the number of enterprise transactions. The average dollar amount of such transactions was approximately $299 thousand in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and $264 thousand in the nine months ended December 31, 2018.

Services Revenue. Services revenue decreased $3.2 million, or 1%, from $300.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $297.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. Services revenue represented 59% of our total revenues in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 57% in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The decrease in services revenue is due to a $4.4 million decrease in training and consulting service revenue partially offset by a $1.2 million increase in revenue from customer support agreements.

Cost of Software and Products Revenues. Total cost of software and products revenues increased $7.7 million, from $15.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $22.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. Cost of software and product revenue represented 11% of software and product revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to 7% in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The increase in cost of software and products revenue is related to additional hardware and software royalty costs associated with our appliance and hyperscale product offerings. As sales of our appliances and hyperscale products continue to ramp, we expect the cost of software and products as a percentage of software and products revenue will also increase.

Cost of Services Revenues. Total cost of services revenues decreased $0.5 million, or 1%, from $68.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $67.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The gross margin of our services revenue was 77% for both the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

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Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $28.6 million, or 10%, from $281.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $252.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The decrease is due to a $30.9 million decrease in employee compensation and related expenses mainly attributable to our restructuring and reorganization initiatives. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 50% and 53% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased $7.6 million, or 11%, from $69.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $77.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. The increase is an increase in employee-related costs resulting from additional headcount due to the acquisition of Hedvig. Approximately $2.7 million of the increase in employee-related costs is related to noncash stock-based compensation. Additionally, certain Hedvig shareholders will receive cash payments totaling $14,100 over the course of the 30 months following the date of acquisition, contingent on their continued employment with the Company. While these payments are proportionate to these shareholders' ownership of Hedvig, under GAAP they are accounted for as compensation expense over the course of the 30 month service period. Research and development expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 include $1.4 million of expense related to this arrangement. Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 15% and 13% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $2.1 million, or 3%, from $69.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018 to $71.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. General and administrative expenses in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 includes $4.4 million of non-routine acquisition costs related to the Company's acquisition of Hedvig partially offset by a decrease in employee related costs. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 14% and 13% in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Restructuring.  In fiscal 2019 we initiated a restructuring plan to increase efficiency in our sales, marketing and distribution functions as well as reduce costs across all functional areas.  Restructuring expenses were $19.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019. These restructuring charges relate primarily to severance and related costs associated with headcount reductions as well as lease abandonment charges related to the closure of five offices. These charges include $1.7 million of stock-based compensation related to modifications of existing awards granted to certain employees included in the restructuring. We cannot guarantee the restructuring program will achieve its intended result. Risks associated with this restructuring program also include additional unexpected costs, adverse effects on employee morale and the failure to meet operational and growth targets due to the loss of key employees, any of which may impair our ability to achieve anticipated results of operations or otherwise harm our business.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $3.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to expense of $2.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The income tax expense for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 relates primarily to current foreign taxes. In fiscal 2018 the Company determined that it was more likely than not that it will not realize the benefits of its gross deferred tax assets and therefore recorded a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of these gross deferred tax assets, net of the impact of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, to zero. The Company’s position remains unchanged as of the period ending December 31, 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2019, our cash and cash equivalents balance of $272.0 million primarily consisted of cash and cash equivalents in the form of money market funds. In addition, as of December 31, 2019 we have restricted cash of $8.0 million held in an escrow account that relates to the Hedvig acquisition and short-term investments invested in U.S. Treasury Bills totaling $65.0 million. In recent fiscal years, our principal source of liquidity has been cash provided by operations.

As of December 31, 2019, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held outside of the United States by our foreign legal entities was approximately $161.0 million. These balances are dispersed across many international locations around the world. We believe that such dispersion meets the current and anticipated future liquidity needs of our foreign legal entities. In the event we needed to repatriate funds from outside of the United States, such repatriation would likely be subject to restrictions by local laws and/or tax consequences including foreign withholding taxes.

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During the nine months ended December 31, 2019, we repurchased $40.0 million of common stock shares under our share repurchase program. Under our stock repurchase program, repurchased shares are constructively retired and returned to unissued status. Our stock repurchase program has been funded by our existing cash and cash equivalent balances as well as cash flows provided by our operations. As of December 31, 2019, $160.0 million remained in the Company's current stock repurchase authorization which expires March 31, 2020.

Our future stock repurchase activity is subject to the business judgment of our management and Board of Directors, taking into consideration our historical and projected results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and other anticipated capital requirements or investment alternatives. Our stock repurchase program reduces the dilutive impact on our common shares outstanding associated with stock option exercises and our previous public and private stock offerings through the repurchase of common stock.

Our summarized cash flow information is as follows (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	56,008		$	73,594
Net cash used in investing activities	(94,056		)	(4,011		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(9,082		)	(59,854		)
Effects of exchange rate-changes in cash	(837		)	(13,115		)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(47,967	)	$	(3,386	)

Net cash provided by operating activities was $56.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and $73.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to net loss adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges and collection of accounts receivable, partially offset by decreases in deferred revenue and accrued expenses.

Net cash used in investing activities was $94.1 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and net cash used in investing activities was $4.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, cash used in investing activities was related to the $157.5 million acquisition of Hedvig and $1.9 million of capital expenditures partially offset by net proceeds from the maturity of short-term investments of $65.4 million.

Net cash used in financing activities was $9.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and $59.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. The cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 was the result of $40.0 million of repurchases of common shares partially offset by $30.9 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options and purchases related to our employee stock purchase program.

Working capital decreased $137.0 million from $328.7 million as of March 31, 2019 to $191.6 million as of December 31, 2019. The net decrease in working capital is due primarily to our use of cash to acquire Hedvig as well as the repurchase of common shares.

We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and our cash from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital, income taxes, capital expenditures and potential stock repurchases for at least the next twelve months. We may seek additional funding through public or private financings or other arrangements during this period. Adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If additional funds are raised by issuing equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders will result. If we raise additional funds by obtaining loans from third parties, the terms of those financing arrangements may include negative covenants or other restrictions on our business that could impair our operational flexibility, and would also require us to fund additional interest expense. If funding is insufficient at any time in the future, we may be unable to develop or enhance our products or services, take advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2019, we did not have off-balance sheet financing arrangements, including any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities.

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Indemnifications

Certain of our software licensing agreements contain certain provisions that indemnify our customers from any claim, suit or proceeding arising from alleged or actual intellectual property infringement. These provisions continue in perpetuity along with our software licensing agreements. We have never incurred a liability relating to one of these indemnification provisions in the past and we believe that the likelihood of any future payout relating to these provisions is remote. Therefore, we have not recorded a liability during any period related to these indemnification provisions.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 2 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the impact of recently issued accounting standards.

Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

As of December 31, 2019, our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted primarily of money market funds and U.S. Treasury Bills. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we are not subject to any material interest rate risk on these balances.

Foreign Currency Risk

Economic Exposure

As a global company, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Our international sales are generally denominated in foreign currencies and this revenue could be materially affected by currency fluctuations. Approximately 49% of our sales were outside the United States for the nine months ended December 31, 2019. Our primary exposures are to fluctuations in exchange rates for the U.S. dollar versus the Euro, and to a lesser extent, the Australian dollar, British pound sterling, Canadian dollar, Chinese yuan, Indian rupee, Korean won and Singapore dollar. Changes in currency exchange rates could adversely affect our reported revenues and require us to reduce our prices to remain competitive in foreign markets, which could also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Historically, we have periodically reviewed and revised the pricing of our products available to our customers in foreign countries and we have not maintained excess cash balances in foreign accounts.

Transaction Exposure

Our exposure to foreign currency transaction gains and losses is primarily the result of certain net receivables due from our foreign subsidiaries and customers being denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary. Our foreign subsidiaries conduct their businesses in local currency and we generally do not maintain excess U.S. dollar cash balances in foreign accounts.

Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in “General and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. We recognized a net foreign currency transaction loss of $0.1 million and $0.2 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019. We recognized net foreign currency transaction gains of $0.1 million and $0.8 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018. The net foreign currency transaction gains and losses recorded in “General and administrative” expenses include settlement gains and losses on forward contracts disclosed below.

Item 4 - Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2019. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2019.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Inherent Limitations on Internal Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of our business. We do not believe that we are currently party to any pending legal action that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business or operating results.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial conditions or results of operations could be negatively affected. In that case, the trading price of our stock could decline, and our stockholders may lose part or all of their investment.

We may engage in strategic acquisitions or transactions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

On October 1, 2019, Commvault completed the acquisition of Hedvig, Inc., a California-based developer of software-defined storage (SDS).

Acquisitions involve a number of risks, including diversion of management’s attention, ability to finance the acquisition on attractive terms, failure to retain key personnel or valuable customers, legal liabilities and the need to amortize acquired intangible assets, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Any additional future acquisitions may also result in the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance of additional equity securities.

The intellectual property of an acquired business may be an important component of the value that we agree to pay for such a business. Although we conduct due diligence in connection with each of our acquisitions, such acquisitions are subject to the risks that the acquired business may not own the intellectual property that we believe we are acquiring, that the intellectual property is dependent upon licenses from third parties, that the acquired business infringes upon the intellectual property rights of others or that the technology does not have the acceptance in the marketplace that we anticipated.

We could also experience financial or other setbacks if transactions encounter unanticipated problems, including problems related to execution, integration or underperformance relative to prior expectations. Our management may not be able to successfully integrate any acquired business into our operations or maintain our standards, controls and policies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Consequently, any acquisition we complete may not result in long-term benefits to us or we may not be able to further develop the acquired business in the manner we anticipated.

Following the completion of acquisitions, we may have to rely on the seller to provide administrative and other support, including financial reporting and internal controls, and other transition services to the acquired business for a period of time. There can be no assurance that the seller will do so in a manner that is acceptable to us.

Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

There were no purchases of our common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2019.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable

Item 5. Other Information

None

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		Commvault Systems, Inc.
Dated:	January 31, 2020	By:	/s/ Sanjay Mirchandani
		Sanjay Mirchandani
		President and Chief Executive Officer
Dated:	January 31, 2020	By:	/s/ Brian Carolan
		Brian Carolan
		Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Required by Rule 13a-14(a) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a))

I, Sanjay Mirchandani, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Commvault Systems, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Sanjay Mirchandani

Sanjay Mirchandani

President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: January 31, 2020

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Required by Rule 13a-14(a) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a))

I, Brian Carolan, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Commvault Systems, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Brian Carolan

Brian Carolan

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Date: January 31, 2020

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certification Pursuant To

18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As Adopted Pursuant To

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Commvault Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Sanjay Mirchandani, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Sanjay Mirchandani

Sanjay Mirchandani

President and Chief Executive Officer

January 31, 2020

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

Certification Pursuant To

18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As Adopted Pursuant To

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Commvault Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2019 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Brian Carolan, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Brian Carolan

Brian Carolan

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

January 31, 2020

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Stock Plans - Restricted Stock Units Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted-average fair value, units awarded (in dollars per share)		$ 58.55		$ 63.30
Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted-average fair value, units awarded (in dollars per share)	$ 46.21		$ 46.60
Hedvig, Inc. | Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted-average fair value, units awarded (in dollars per share)	$ 44.49
Equity interests issuable (in shares)	1,018
Stock based compensation expense	$ 43,653
Expected to recognized weighted average period	2 years 8 months 4 days

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Stock Plans - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 18,974	$ 15,832	$ 48,581	$ 51,586
Cost of services revenue
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	635	705	2,023	2,217
Sales and marketing
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	9,128	8,395	24,133	26,990
Research and development
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	5,222	2,058	9,226	6,547
General and administrative
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	3,280	4,406	11,517	14,350
Restructuring
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 709	$ 268	$ 1,682	$ 1,482

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Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	$ 176,351	$ 184,275	$ 506,136	$ 529,530
Americas
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	103,030	106,566	295,004	321,433
EMEA
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	54,017	54,684	145,767	140,968
APAC
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	19,304	23,025	65,365	67,129
Software and Products Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	76,631	84,515	208,900	229,069
Software and Products Revenue | Americas
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	40,291	41,798	107,375	125,290
Software and Products Revenue | EMEA
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	29,107	31,073	71,922	70,624
Software and Products Revenue | APAC
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	7,233	11,644	29,603	33,155
Customer Support Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	90,531	88,841	270,016	268,854
Customer Support Revenue | Americas
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	57,856	58,575	173,450	178,676
Customer Support Revenue | EMEA
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	22,237	20,597	65,810	61,399
Customer Support Revenue | APAC
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	10,438	9,669	30,756	28,779
Professional Services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	9,189	10,919	27,220	31,607
Professional Services | Americas
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	4,883	6,193	14,179	17,467
Professional Services | EMEA
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	2,673	3,014	8,035	8,945
Professional Services | APAC
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenue	$ 1,633	$ 1,712	$ 5,006	$ 5,195

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Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Event

On January 23, 2020, the Board of Directors authorized an increase to the existing share repurchase program so that $200,000 was available. The authorization will expire on March 31, 2021.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Purchased Intangible Assets, Net of Amortization

Purchased intangible assets, net of amortization are summarized below:

	December 31, 2019
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net Assets
Developed technology	$	49,000	$	(2,450	)	$	46,550
Customer relationships	3,000		(375		)	2,625
Total intangible assets	$	52,000	$	(2,825	)	$	49,175

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets Future Amortization Expense

Future amortization expense associated with intangible assets with finite lives is expected to be:

	December 31, 2019
2020 (remaining)	$	2,825
2021	11,300
2022	10,550
2023	9,800
2024	9,800
Thereafter	4,900
	$	49,175

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Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Net Lease Cost Recognized on Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations

Net lease cost recognized on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019		Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
Operating Lease Cost	$	1,923	$	6,766
Short-term Lease Cost	112		349
Variable Lease Cost	659		1,408
Net Lease Cost	$	2,694	$	8,523

Maturities of Lease Liabilities

As of December 31, 2019, the maturities of lease liabilities based on the total minimum lease commitment amount including options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised are as follows:

Remainder of FY 2020	$	1,580
FY 2021	7,865
FY 2022	4,627
FY 2023	2,017
FY 2024	1,382
Thereafter	1,719
Total Minimum Lease Payments	$	19,190
Less: Imputed Interest	(2,237		)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	16,953
Less: Current Portion of operating lease liabilities	7,730
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$	9,223

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Revenue

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

Revenue

The Company derives revenues from two primary sources: software and products, and services. Software and products revenue includes the Company's software and integrated appliances that combine the Company's software with hardware. Services include customer support (software updates and technical support), consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. A typical contract includes both licenses and services.

Historically, the Company’s software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use the Company’s software. The Company also sells term-based software licenses that expire, which are referred to as subscription arrangements. The Company does not customize its software and installation services are not required. The software is delivered before related services are provided and is functional without professional services, updates and technical support. The Company has concluded that its software license is functional intellectual property that is distinct as the user can benefit from the software on its own. Software revenue is typically recognized when the software is delivered and/or made available for download as this is the point the user of the software can direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the functional intellectual property. The Company does not recognize software revenue related to the renewal of subscription software licenses earlier than the beginning of the subscription period.

Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support, integrated web-based support and bug fixes or patches. The Company sells its customer support contracts as a percentage of net software purchases the support is related to. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year.

The Company’s other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. Customer education services include courses taught by the Company’s instructors or third-party contractors. Revenue related to other professional services and customer education services is typically recognized as the services are performed.

Most of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices of software and appliances are typically estimated using the residual approach. Standalone selling prices of services are typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are sold on a standalone basis.

The Company’s typical performance obligations include the following:

Performance Obligation	When Performance Obligation  is Typically Satisfied	When Payment is Typically Due	How Standalone Selling Price is Typically Estimated
Software and Products Revenue
Software Licenses	Upon shipment or made available for download (point in time)	Within 90 days of shipment except for certain subscription licenses which are paid for over time	Residual approach
Appliances	When control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery	Within 90 days of delivery	Residual approach
Customer Support Revenue
Software Updates	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	At the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Customer Support	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	At the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Professional Services
Other Professional Services (except for education services)	As work is performed (over time)	Within 90 days of services being performed	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Education Services	When the class is taught (point in time)	Within 90 days of services being performed	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into the nature of the products and services and geographical regions. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China). The Company operates in one segment.

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	40,291	$	29,107	$	7,233	$	76,631
Customer Support Revenue	57,856		22,237		10,438		90,531
Professional Services	4,883		2,673		1,633		9,189
Total Revenue	$	103,030	$	54,017	$	19,304	$	176,351

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	41,798	$	31,073	$	11,644	$	84,515
Customer Support Revenue	58,575		20,597		9,669		88,841
Professional Services	6,193		3,014		1,712		10,919
Total Revenue	$	106,566	$	54,684	$	23,025	$	184,275

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	107,375	$	71,922	$	29,603	$	208,900
Customer Support Revenue	173,450		65,810		30,756		270,016
Professional Services	14,179		8,035		5,006		27,220
Total Revenue	$	295,004	$	145,767	$	65,365	$	506,136

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	125,290	$	70,624	$	33,155	$	229,069
Customer Support Revenue	178,676		61,399		28,779		268,854
Professional Services	17,467		8,945		5,195		31,607
Total Revenue	$	321,433	$	140,968	$	67,129	$	529,530

Information about Contract Balances

Amounts collected in advance of services being provided are accounted for as deferred revenue. Nearly all of the Company's deferred revenue balance is related to services revenue, primarily customer support contracts.

In certain contracts the Company allows customers to pay for term-based, or subscription, software licenses and products over the term of the license. Amounts recognized as revenue in excess of amounts billed are recorded as unbilled receivables. Unbilled receivables which are anticipated to be invoiced in the next twelve months are included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Long term unbilled receivables are included in other assets. The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues are as follows:

	Accounts Receivable			Unbilled Receivable (current)		Unbilled Receivable (long-term)		Deferred Revenue (current)			Deferred Revenue (long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	161,570		$	15,266	$	7,216	$	238,439		$	99,257
Increase/(decrease), net	(15,895		)	685		1,431		(2,926		)	(1,527		)
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	145,675		$	15,951	$	8,647	$	235,513		$	97,730

The decrease in accounts receivable is primarily a result of a decrease in software and products revenue relative to the fourth quarter of the prior year. The decrease in deferred revenue is primarily the result of a decrease in deferred customer support revenue related to software and products revenue transactions and customer support renewals relative to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 and a weakening of the U.S. dollar.

The amount of revenue recognized in fiscal 2020 that was included in the March 31, 2019 balance of deferred revenue was $51,753 and $207,938 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. The vast majority of this revenue consists of customer support arrangements. The amount of software and products revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 related to performance obligations from prior periods was not significant.

Remaining Performance Obligations

In addition to the amounts included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2019, $28,655 of revenue may be recognized from remaining performance obligations, of which $3,103 was related to software and products. The Company expects the majority of this software and products revenue to be recognized next quarter. The vast majority of the services revenue is related to other professional services which may be recognized over the next twelve months but is contingent upon a number of factors, including customers’ needs and schedules.

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Stock Plans

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Plans

Stock Plans

The following table presents the stock-based compensation expense included in Cost of services revenue, Sales and marketing, Research and development, General and administrative and Restructuring expenses for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Stock-based compensation is attributable to stock options, restricted stock units, performance based awards and the employee stock purchase plan.

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Cost of services revenue	$	635	$	705	$	2,023	$	2,217
Sales and marketing	9,128		8,395		24,133		26,990
Research and development	5,222		2,058		9,226		6,547
General and administrative	3,280		4,406		11,517		14,350
Restructuring	709		268		1,682		1,482
Stock-based compensation expense	$	18,974	$	15,832	$	48,581	$	51,586

As of December 31, 2019, there was $141,285 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock option and restricted stock unit awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.26 years. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. To the extent that awards are forfeited, stock-based compensation will be different from the Company’s current estimate.

Stock Options

Stock option activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Stock Options	Number of Options		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding options as of March 31, 2019	3,212		$	54.55
Options granted	—		—
Options exercised	(797	)	32.86
Options forfeited	—		—
Options expired	(67	)	$	73.81
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2,348		$	61.34	2.94	$	3,370
Exercisable as of December 31, 2019	2,348		$	61.34	2.94	$	3,370

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Non-vested Restricted Stock Units	Number of Awards		Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of March 31, 2019	1,831		$	62.58
Awarded	2,556		46.60
Vested	(816	)	59.83
Forfeited	(195	)	60.48
Non-vested as of December 31, 2019	3,376		$	51.24

The weighted-average fair value of restricted stock units awarded was $46.21 and $46.60 per unit during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, and $58.55 and $63.30 per unit during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018. The weighted-average fair value of awards includes the awards with a market condition described below.

The Company issued a total of 1,018 awards to Hedvig employees in the third quarter of fiscal 2020 as part of the total consideration. These awards were granted at a fair value of $44.49 per share and $43,653 of stock-based compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.68 years. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.

Performance Based Awards

In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company granted 105 performance restricted stock units ("PSU") to certain executives. Vesting of these awards is contingent upon i) the Company meeting certain company-wide revenue and non-GAAP performance goals (performance-based) in fiscal 2020 and ii) the Company's customary service periods. The awards vest over three years and have a maximum potential to vest at 200% (210 shares) based on actual fiscal 2020 performance. The related stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and is recognized over the vesting term using the accelerated method. During the interim financial periods, management estimates the probable number of PSU’s that would vest until the ultimate achievement of the performance goals is known. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.

Awards with a Market Condition

In the nine months ended December 31, 2019, the Company granted 95 market performance stock units to certain executives. The vesting of these awards is contingent upon the Company meeting certain total shareholder return ("TSR") levels as compared to the Russell 3000 market index over the next three years. The awards vest in three annual tranches and have a maximum potential to vest at 200% (190 shares) based on TSR performance. The related stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the estimated fair value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and is recognized using the accelerated method over the vesting term. The estimated fair value was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The fair value of the awards granted during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 was $48.26 per unit. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.

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Revenue - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) revenue_source segment
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Sources of primary revenue | revenue_source		2
Customer support agreement term		1 year
Number of operating segments | segment		1
Revenue recognized in period, included in opening deferred revenue balance	$ 51,753	$ 207,938
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations	28,655	28,655
Software and Products Revenue
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue expected to be recognized from remaining performance obligations	$ 3,103	$ 3,103

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Correction of an Immaterial Error in Previously Issued Financial Statements

Subsequent to the issuance of the financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2018 and for the interim periods in fiscal 2019, the Company concluded that the Consolidated Statement of Operations contained an immaterial error related to the classification of legal fees related to intellectual property as Research and development expenses and not General and administrative expenses.  These immaterial errors have been corrected for the comparative period shown by reclassifying $911 and $2,466 from Research and development expense to General and administrative expense for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018. This immaterial error did not have any impact on our financial position, net loss or cash flow.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Leases

    In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting standards update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases. Under the new guidance, the Company is required to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for leases. The Company adopted the new guidance on April 1, 2019 using the optional transition method, which allows for the prospective application of the standard, and as a result, the Company did not record an adjustment to retained earnings. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients, for all of its leases, permitted under the transition guidance within the standard, which allowed the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification, to not reassess prior conclusions related to initial direct costs and to not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases. The Company also elected the lessee practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for new leases and modified leases. The Company also made an accounting policy election in accordance with the new standard to apply accounting similar to ASC 840 to short-term leases, which are defined as leases that have a term of twelve months or less. The new guidance does not have any impact on the Consolidated Statement of Operations or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

    In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (ASU 2016-13). The standard amends guidance on the impairment of financial instruments. The ASU estimates credit losses based on expected losses and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The standard requires a modified retrospective basis adoption through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The amendments of this ASU are effective for the Company's fiscal 2021. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have a material impact the financial statements.

There have been no other additional significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019 and to the changes disclosed above.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company grants credit to customers in a wide variety of industries worldwide and generally does not require collateral. Credit losses relating to these customers have been minimal.

Sales through the Company’s distribution agreement with Arrow Enterprise Computing Solutions, Inc. (“Arrow”) totaled 37% of total revenues for both the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Arrow accounted for approximately 32% of total accounts receivable as of December 31, 2019 and 38% of total accounts receivable as of March 31, 2019.

Sales through the Company's original manufacturing agreement with Hitachi Vantara (formerly Hitachi Data Systems) ("Hitachi") accounted for 11% of total accounts receivables as of December 31, 2019.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company’s cash equivalents balance consists primarily of money market funds. The Company’s short-term investments balance consists of U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities of one year or less. The Company accounts for its short-term investments as held to maturity. The contingent consideration liability associated with the Hedvig acquisition as discussed further in Note 3 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements was valued based on a probability weighted-average approach.

The following table summarizes the composition of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019:

December 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	34,800	—		—			$	34,800
Short-term investments	$	—	66,262		—			$	66,262
Total assets	$	34,800	$	66,262	—			$	101,062
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	(4,000	)	$	(4,000	)

March 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3	Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	102,702	—		—	$	102,702
Short-term investments	$	—	131,937		—	$	131,937
Total assets	$	102,702	$	131,937	—	$	234,639

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is recorded when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The carrying value of goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis on January 1, or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its carrying amount. For the purpose of impairment testing, the Company has a single reporting unit. The impairment test consists of comparing the fair value with its carrying amount that includes goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss would be recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its fair value.

Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are valued using the income method and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their economic lives of five years for developed technology and two years for customer relationships as the Company believes this method most closely reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets will be consumed. Impairment losses are recognized if the carrying amount of an intangible is both not recoverable and exceeds its fair value.

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Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Jan. 30, 2020
Cover page.
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2019
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-33026
Entity Registrant Name	Commvault Systems, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	22-3447504
Entity Address, Address Line One	1 Commvault Way
Entity Address, City or Town	Tinton Falls
Entity Address, State or Province	NJ
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	07724
City Area Code	732
Local Phone Number	870-4000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Trading Symbol	CVLT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		46,601,042
Entity Central Index Key	0001169561
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--03-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false

XML

Business Combination - Actual and Unaudited Pro Forma Information (Details) - Hedvig, Inc. - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Actual from 10/01/19 - 12/31/19, Revenue	$ 240
Actual from 10/01/19 - 12/31/19, Net Loss	$ (9,325)
Supplemental pro forma, Revenue		$ 507,241	$ 532,825
Supplemental pro forma, Net Loss		$ (19,246)	$ (21,072)

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Fair Value of Financial Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$ 34,800	$ 102,702
Short-term investments	66,262	131,937
Total assets	101,062	234,639
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	(4,000)
Level 1
Assets:
Cash equivalents	34,800	102,702
Short-term investments	0	0
Total assets	34,800	102,702
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	0
Level 2
Assets:
Cash equivalents	0	0
Short-term investments	66,262	131,937
Total assets	66,262	131,937
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	0
Level 3
Assets:
Cash equivalents	0	0
Short-term investments	0	0
Total assets	0	$ 0
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$ (4,000)

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ (650)	$ 13,400	$ (14,580)	$ 5,724
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	960	(173)	(205)	(6,493)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 310	$ 13,227	$ (14,785)	$ (769)

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Stock Plans - Performance-based and Market-based Awards (Details) shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019 tranche $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2018 $ / shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted-average fair value, units awarded (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 58.55		$ 63.30
PSU
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awarded (in shares)		105
Service period		3 years
Maximum potential to vest (as a percentage)		200.00%
Maximum potential to vest (in shares)		210
Market performance shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awarded (in shares)		95
Service period		3 years
Maximum potential to vest (as a percentage)		200.00%
Maximum potential to vest (in shares)		190
Number of annual tranches | tranche		3
Weighted-average fair value, units awarded (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 48.26

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Leases - Net Lease Costs Recognized (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
Operating Lease Cost	$ 1,923	$ 6,766
Short-term Lease Cost	112	349
Variable Lease Cost	659	1,408
Net Lease Cost	$ 2,694	$ 8,523

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Net Income per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income per Common Share

Net Income per Common Share

The diluted weighted-average shares outstanding exclude outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, performance restricted stock units and shares to be purchased under the employee stock purchase plan totaling 5,459 and 1,045 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 4,952 and 1,024 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

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Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income TaxesIncome tax expense was $3,528 in the nine months ended December 31, 2019 compared to an expense of $2,677 in the nine months ended December 31, 2018. In fiscal 2018 the Company determined that it was more likely than not that it will not realize the benefits of its gross deferred tax assets and therefore recorded a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of these gross deferred tax assets, net of the impact of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, to zero. The Company’s position remains unchanged as of the period ended December 31, 2019. The tax expense for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 relates primarily to current foreign taxes.

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Business Combination - Summarizes Purchase Price and Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of contingent consideration		$ 4,000
Goodwill		112,435	$ 0
Hedvig, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash paid at closing	$ 157,589
Fair value of restricted stock units included in purchase price	1,616
Fair value of contingent consideration	4,000	$ 4,000
Total purchase price	163,205
Cash	94
Trade accounts receivable	1,074
Other current assets	104
Property and equipment	202
Intangible assets	52,000
Other assets	682
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(1,060)
Deferred revenue	(2,231)
Operating lease liability, net of operating lease assets	(11)
Deferred tax liability	(84)
Total identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed	50,770
Goodwill	112,435
Total purchase price	$ 163,205

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Concentration of Credit Risk (Details) - Customer Concentration Risk	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Arrow | Revenue
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage		37.00%	37.00%
Arrow | Accounts receivable
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage	38.00%	32.00%
Hitachi Vantara | Accounts receivable
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk percentage		11.00%

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Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 176,351	$ 184,275	$ 506,136	$ 529,530
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues	30,523	28,853	90,484	83,332
Gross margin	145,828	155,422	415,652	446,198
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing	84,563	94,392	252,908	281,502
Research and development	30,503	22,005	77,310	69,751
General and administrative	23,864	20,900	71,124	69,001
Restructuring	2,021	4,953	18,951	13,342
Depreciation and amortization	5,356	2,728	10,681	7,961
Total operating expenses	146,307	144,978	430,974	441,557
Income (loss) from operations	(479)	10,444	(15,322)	4,641
Interest income	786	1,721	4,270	3,760
Income (loss) before income taxes	307	12,165	(11,052)	8,401
Income tax expense (benefit)	957	(1,235)	3,528	2,677
Net income (loss)	$ (650)	$ 13,400	$ (14,580)	$ 5,724
Net income (loss) per common share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.01)	$ 0.29	$ (0.32)	$ 0.12
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.01)	$ 0.28	$ (0.32)	$ 0.12
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	46,028	46,074	45,586	45,803
Diluted (in shares)	46,028	47,357	45,586	47,674
Software and products
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 76,631	$ 84,515	$ 208,900	$ 229,069
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues	8,077	6,093	22,938	15,262
Services
Revenues:
Total revenues	99,720	99,760	297,236	300,461
Cost of revenues:
Total cost of revenues	$ 22,446	$ 22,760	$ 67,546	$ 68,070

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Schedule of Estimated Future Amortization Expenses (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2020 (remaining)	$ 2,825
2021	11,300
2022	10,550
2023	9,800
2023	9,800
Thereafter	4,900
Net Assets	$ 49,175

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Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of Commvault Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Commvault" or the "Company") as of December 31, 2019 and for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2019. The results reported in these financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year.

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported for each of its periods presented are affected by estimates and assumptions, which are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for revenue recognition, income taxes and related reserves, stock-based compensation and accounting for research and development costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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Income Taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 957	$ (1,235)	$ 3,528	$ 2,677
Deferred tax assets					$ 0

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Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Remainder of FY 2020	$ 1,580
FY 2021	7,865
FY 2022	4,627
FY 2023	2,017
FY 2024	1,382
Thereafter	1,719
Total Minimum Lease Payments	19,190
Less: Imputed Interest	(2,237)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	16,953
Less: Current Portion of operating lease liabilities	7,730
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$ 9,223

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Capitalization - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Common stock repurchase program
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Remaining amount available under share repurchase program	$ 159,974

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Revenue - Performance Obligations (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Software, licenses
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected payment terms	90 days
Software, appliances
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected payment terms	90 days
Professional Services, other
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected payment terms	90 days
Professional Services, education services
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Performance obligation, expected payment terms	90 days

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Stock Plans - Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Awarded (in dollars per share)		$ 58.55		$ 63.30
Restricted stock units
Number of Awards
Non-vested (in shares) as of March 31, 2019			1,831
Awarded (in shares)			2,556
Vested (in shares)			(816)
Forfeited (in shares)			(195)
Non-vested (in shares) as of December 31, 2019	3,376		3,376
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested (in dollars per share) as of March 31, 2019			$ 62.58
Awarded (in dollars per share)	$ 46.21		46.60
Vested (in dollars per share)			59.83
Forfeited (in dollars per share)			60.48
Non-vested (in dollars per share) as of December 31, 2019	$ 51.24		$ 51.24

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Correction of an Immaterial Error in Previously Issued Financial Statements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Research and development	$ 30,503	$ 22,005	$ 77,310	$ 69,751
General and administrative	$ 23,864	20,900	$ 71,124	69,001
Immaterial error related to classification of legal fees related to intellectual property
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Research and development		911		2,466
General and administrative		$ 911		$ 2,466

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of Commvault Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Commvault" or the "Company") as of December 31, 2019 and for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2019. The results reported in these financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported for each of its periods presented are affected by estimates and assumptions, which are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for revenue recognition, income taxes and related reserves, stock-based compensation and accounting for research and development costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Leases

    In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting standards update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases. Under the new guidance, the Company is required to recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for leases. The Company adopted the new guidance on April 1, 2019 using the optional transition method, which allows for the prospective application of the standard, and as a result, the Company did not record an adjustment to retained earnings. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients, for all of its leases, permitted under the transition guidance within the standard, which allowed the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification, to not reassess prior conclusions related to initial direct costs and to not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases. The Company also elected the lessee practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for new leases and modified leases. The Company also made an accounting policy election in accordance with the new standard to apply accounting similar to ASC 840 to short-term leases, which are defined as leases that have a term of twelve months or less. The new guidance does not have any impact on the Consolidated Statement of Operations or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

    In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (ASU 2016-13). The standard amends guidance on the impairment of financial instruments. The ASU estimates credit losses based on expected losses and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. The standard requires a modified retrospective basis adoption through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The amendments of this ASU are effective for the Company's fiscal 2021. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have a material impact the financial statements.

There have been no other additional significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2019 as compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019 and to the changes disclosed above.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company grants credit to customers in a wide variety of industries worldwide and generally does not require collateral. Credit losses relating to these customers have been minimal.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company’s cash equivalents balance consists primarily of money market funds. The Company’s short-term investments balance consists of U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities of one year or less. The Company accounts for its short-term investments as held to maturity. The contingent consideration liability associated with the Hedvig acquisition as discussed further in Note 3 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements was valued based on a probability weighted-average approach.

Revenue

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into the nature of the products and services and geographical regions. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China).

Amounts collected in advance of services being provided are accounted for as deferred revenue. Nearly all of the Company's deferred revenue balance is related to services revenue, primarily customer support contracts.

In certain contracts the Company allows customers to pay for term-based, or subscription, software licenses and products over the term of the license. Amounts recognized as revenue in excess of amounts billed are recorded as unbilled receivables. Unbilled receivables which are anticipated to be invoiced in the next twelve months are included in accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Long term unbilled receivables are included in other assets.

The Company derives revenues from two primary sources: software and products, and services. Software and products revenue includes the Company's software and integrated appliances that combine the Company's software with hardware. Services include customer support (software updates and technical support), consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. A typical contract includes both licenses and services.

Historically, the Company’s software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use the Company’s software. The Company also sells term-based software licenses that expire, which are referred to as subscription arrangements. The Company does not customize its software and installation services are not required. The software is delivered before related services are provided and is functional without professional services, updates and technical support. The Company has concluded that its software license is functional intellectual property that is distinct as the user can benefit from the software on its own. Software revenue is typically recognized when the software is delivered and/or made available for download as this is the point the user of the software can direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the functional intellectual property. The Company does not recognize software revenue related to the renewal of subscription software licenses earlier than the beginning of the subscription period.

Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support, integrated web-based support and bug fixes or patches. The Company sells its customer support contracts as a percentage of net software purchases the support is related to. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year.

The Company’s other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. Customer education services include courses taught by the Company’s instructors or third-party contractors. Revenue related to other professional services and customer education services is typically recognized as the services are performed.

Most of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices of software and appliances are typically estimated using the residual approach. Standalone selling prices of services are typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are sold on a standalone basis.

Leases

The Company’s lease liabilities relate primarily to operating leases for its global office infrastructure. These operating leases expire at various dates through fiscal 2026. The Company records lease liabilities at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid, discounted at the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

The Company recognizes operating lease costs over the estimated term of the lease, which includes options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised, starting when possession of the property is taken from the landlord. When a lease contains a predetermined fixed escalation of the minimum rent, the Company recognizes the related operating lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In addition, certain of the Company’s lease agreements include variable lease payments, such as estimated tax and maintenance charges. These variable lease payments are excluded from minimum lease payments and are included in the determination of lease cost when it is probable that the expense has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is recorded when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The carrying value of goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis on January 1, or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its carrying amount. For the purpose of impairment testing, the Company has a single reporting unit. The impairment test consists of comparing the fair value with its carrying amount that includes goodwill. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss would be recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its fair value.

Purchased intangible assets with finite lives are valued using the income method and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their economic lives of five years for developed technology and two years for customer relationships as the Company believes this method most closely reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets will be consumed. Impairment losses are recognized if the carrying amount of an intangible is both not recoverable and exceeds its fair value.

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Revenue (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction

The Company’s typical performance obligations include the following:

Performance Obligation	When Performance Obligation  is Typically Satisfied	When Payment is Typically Due	How Standalone Selling Price is Typically Estimated
Software and Products Revenue
Software Licenses	Upon shipment or made available for download (point in time)	Within 90 days of shipment except for certain subscription licenses which are paid for over time	Residual approach
Appliances	When control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery	Within 90 days of delivery	Residual approach
Customer Support Revenue
Software Updates	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	At the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Customer Support	Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)	At the beginning of the contract period	Observable in renewal transactions
Professional Services
Other Professional Services (except for education services)	As work is performed (over time)	Within 90 days of services being performed	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Education Services	When the class is taught (point in time)	Within 90 days of services being performed	Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations

Disaggregation of Revenue

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	40,291	$	29,107	$	7,233	$	76,631
Customer Support Revenue	57,856		22,237		10,438		90,531
Professional Services	4,883		2,673		1,633		9,189
Total Revenue	$	103,030	$	54,017	$	19,304	$	176,351

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	41,798	$	31,073	$	11,644	$	84,515
Customer Support Revenue	58,575		20,597		9,669		88,841
Professional Services	6,193		3,014		1,712		10,919
Total Revenue	$	106,566	$	54,684	$	23,025	$	184,275

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	107,375	$	71,922	$	29,603	$	208,900
Customer Support Revenue	173,450		65,810		30,756		270,016
Professional Services	14,179		8,035		5,006		27,220
Total Revenue	$	295,004	$	145,767	$	65,365	$	506,136

	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
	Americas		EMEA		APAC		Total
Software and Products Revenue	$	125,290	$	70,624	$	33,155	$	229,069
Customer Support Revenue	178,676		61,399		28,779		268,854
Professional Services	17,467		8,945		5,195		31,607
Total Revenue	$	321,433	$	140,968	$	67,129	$	529,530

Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues are as follows:

	Accounts Receivable			Unbilled Receivable (current)		Unbilled Receivable (long-term)		Deferred Revenue (current)			Deferred Revenue (long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	161,570		$	15,266	$	7,216	$	238,439		$	99,257
Increase/(decrease), net	(15,895		)	685		1,431		(2,926		)	(1,527		)
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	145,675		$	15,951	$	8,647	$	235,513		$	97,730

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Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 272,025	$ 327,992
Restricted cash	8,000	0
Short-term investments	64,988	130,338
Trade accounts receivable	161,626	176,836
Other current assets	18,774	19,836
Total current assets	525,413	655,002
Property and equipment, net	115,972	122,716
Operating lease assets	15,248
Deferred commissions cost	31,990	33,619
Intangible assets, net	49,175	0
Goodwill	112,435	0
Other assets	12,335	11,116
Total assets	862,568	822,453
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,069	2,186
Accrued liabilities	89,474	85,721
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	7,730
Deferred revenue	235,513	238,439
Total current liabilities	333,786	326,346
Deferred revenue, less current portion	97,730	99,257
Deferred tax liabilities, net	1,726	2,594
Long-term operating lease liabilities	9,223
Other liabilities	2,470	2,953
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 50,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.01 par value: 250,000 shares authorized, 46,497 shares and 45,582 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively	463	454
Additional paid-in capital	962,097	887,907
Accumulated deficit	(533,154)	(485,490)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,773)	(11,568)
Total stockholders’ equity	417,633	391,303
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 862,568	$ 822,453

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019	Oct. 01, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 112,435,000		$ 0
Hedvig, Inc.
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 112,435,000
Goodwill expected tax deductible amount		$ 0

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019
Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets economic lives	5 years
Customer relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets economic lives	2 years

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Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid – In Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018		45,118
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2018	$ 404,064	$ 450	$ 782,764	$ (373,678)	$ (5,472)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	51,586		51,586
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation (in shares)		2,185
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	32,829	$ 21	32,808
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(1,504)
Repurchase of common stock	(92,683)	$ (15)	(12,275)	(80,393)
Net income (loss)	5,724			5,724
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(6,493)				(6,493)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		45,799
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018	395,027	$ 456	854,883	(448,347)	(11,965)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018		46,034
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2018	417,145	$ 458	843,622	(415,143)	(11,792)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	15,832		15,832
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation (in shares)		702
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	3,203	$ 7	3,196
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(937)
Repurchase of common stock	(54,380)	$ (9)	(7,767)	(46,604)
Net income (loss)	13,400			13,400
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(173)				(173)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		45,799
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2018	395,027	$ 456	854,883	(448,347)	(11,965)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019		45,582
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2019	391,303	$ 454	887,907	(485,490)	(11,568)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	48,581		48,581
Share issuances related to business combinations	1,616		1,616
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation (in shares)		1,745
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	30,944	$ 17	30,927
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(830)
Repurchase of common stock	(40,026)	$ (8)	(6,934)	(33,084)
Net income (loss)	(14,580)			(14,580)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(205)				(205)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019		46,497
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019	417,633	$ 463	962,097	(533,154)	(11,773)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019		45,409
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2019	372,114	$ 452	916,899	(532,504)	(12,733)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation	18,974		18,974
Share issuances related to business combinations	1,616		1,616
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation (in shares)		1,088
Share issuances related to stock-based compensation	24,619	$ 11	24,608
Net income (loss)	(650)			(650)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	960				960
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019		46,497
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 417,633	$ 463	$ 962,097	$ (533,154)	$ (11,773)

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill

The goodwill of $112,435 arising from the acquisition represents the estimated value of potential expansion with new customers, the opportunity to further develop sales relationships with new customer and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. None of the goodwill recorded is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The Company will perform the annual impairment test of goodwill on January 1.

Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets consist of developed technology and customer relationships which were valued using the income approach. Developed technology and customer relationships have estimated useful lives of five and two years, respectively, and are being amortized on a straight-line basis. Purchased intangible assets, net of amortization are summarized below:

	December 31, 2019
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net Assets
Developed technology	$	49,000	$	(2,450	)	$	46,550
Customer relationships	3,000		(375		)	2,625
Total intangible assets	$	52,000	$	(2,825	)	$	49,175

Future amortization expense associated with intangible assets with finite lives is expected to be:

	December 31, 2019
2020 (remaining)	$	2,825
2021	11,300
2022	10,550
2023	9,800
2024	9,800
Thereafter	4,900
	$	49,175

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Capitalization

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Capitalization

Capitalization

As of December 31, 2019, $159,974 remained in the Company's current stock repurchase authorization which expires on March 31, 2020.

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Leases

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Leases

The Company’s lease liabilities relate primarily to operating leases for its global office infrastructure. These operating leases expire at various dates through fiscal 2026. The Company records lease liabilities at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid, discounted at the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term. As the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

The Company recognizes operating lease costs over the estimated term of the lease, which includes options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised, starting when possession of the property is taken from the landlord. When a lease contains a predetermined fixed escalation of the minimum rent, the Company recognizes the related operating lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In addition, certain of the Company’s lease agreements include variable lease payments, such as estimated tax and maintenance charges. These variable lease payments are excluded from minimum lease payments and are included in the determination of lease cost when it is probable that the expense has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

As of December 31, 2019, the Company did not have any finance leases.

Net lease cost recognized on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2019		Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
Operating Lease Cost	$	1,923	$	6,766
Short-term Lease Cost	112		349
Variable Lease Cost	659		1,408
Net Lease Cost	$	2,694	$	8,523

As of December 31, 2019, the maturities of lease liabilities based on the total minimum lease commitment amount including options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised are as follows:

Remainder of FY 2020	$	1,580
FY 2021	7,865
FY 2022	4,627
FY 2023	2,017
FY 2024	1,382
Thereafter	1,719
Total Minimum Lease Payments	$	19,190
Less: Imputed Interest	(2,237		)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	16,953
Less: Current Portion of operating lease liabilities	7,730
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$	9,223

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, additions of operating lease assets were $116 and $5,421, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, the minimum lease commitment amount for operating leases signed but not yet commenced, was immaterial.

As of December 31, 2019, the weighted-average remaining operating lease term was 3.27 years and the weighted-average discount rate was 4% for operating leases recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Disclosures related to periods prior to the adoption of the new lease standard

Rental expense was $2,954 and $9,041 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2018, respectively.

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Restructuring - Activity in Restructuring Accruals (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Lease impairment loss, excluded from restructuring charges			$ 2,195
Severance & payroll related charges
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 10,358	$ 1,763	1,089	$ 0
Restructuring charges	2,831	5,351	17,711	13,740
Payments	(8,040)	(3,156)	(13,651)	(9,782)
Accrual reversals	(955)	(398)	(955)	(398)
Balance at end of period	4,194	$ 3,560	4,194	$ 3,560
Lease impairment loss, excluded from restructuring charges	$ 145		$ 2,195

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Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Details)	Jan. 23, 2020 USD ($)
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Share repurchase program, amount available	$ 200,000,000

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Stock Plans - Additional Information (Details) - Stock options and restricted stock units $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures	$ 141,285
Weighted average period awards are expected to be recognized	2 years 3 months 3 days

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Revenue - Opening and Closing Balances of Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Receivables, and Deferred Revenues (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Accounts Receivable
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	$ 161,570
Increase/(decrease), net	(15,895)
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	145,675
Unbilled Receivable (current)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	15,266
Increase/(decrease), net	685
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	15,951
Unbilled Receivable (long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	7,216
Increase/(decrease), net	1,431
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	8,647
Deferred Revenue (current)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	238,439
Increase/(decrease), net	(2,926)
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	235,513
Deferred Revenue (long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2019	99,257
Increase/(decrease), net	(1,527)
Ending Balance as of December 31, 2019	$ 97,730

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Business Combination (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Summary of the Purchase Price and Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation as of the Date of Acquisition

The following table summarizes the purchase price and preliminary purchase price allocation made as of the date of acquisition:

Purchase price allocation:
Cash paid at closing	$	157,589
Fair value of restricted stock units included in purchase price	1,616
Fair value of contingent consideration	4,000
Total purchase price	$	163,205
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash	$	94
Trade accounts receivable	1,074
Other current assets	104
Property and equipment	202
Intangible assets	52,000
Other assets	682
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(1,060		)
Deferred revenue	(2,231		)
Operating lease liability, net of operating lease assets	(11		)
Deferred tax liability	(84		)
Total identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed	50,770
Goodwill	112,435
Total purchase price	163,205

Revenue and Net Loss of the Combined Entity

The unaudited amounts of Hedvig’s revenue and net loss included in the Company’s consolidated income statement for both the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, and the revenue and net loss of the combined entity had the acquisition date been April 1, 2018, are as follows:

    

	Revenue		Net Loss
Actual from 10/01/2019 - 12/31/2019	$	240	$	(9,325	)
Fiscal 2020 supplemental pro forma from 04/01/2019 - 12/31/2019	$	507,241	$	(19,246	)
Fiscal 2019 supplemental pro forma from 04/01/2018 - 12/31/2018	$	532,825	$	(21,072	)

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Restructuring (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and Related Costs

The activity in the Company’s restructuring accruals for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Balance at September 30	$	10,358		$	1,763
Restructuring charges(1)	2,831			5,351
Payments	(8,040		)	(3,156		)
Accrual reversals	(955		)	(398		)
Balance at December 31	$	4,194		$	3,560

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Balance at March 31	$	1,089		$	—
Restructuring charges(1)	17,711			13,740
Payments	(13,651		)	(9,782		)
Accrual reversals	(955		)	(398		)
Balance at December 31	$	4,194		$	3,560

(1) Restructuring charges of $2,831 and $17,711 in the tables above do not include restructuring charges for two of the Company's leases in the amount of $145 and five in the amount of $2,195 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. Under the new lease standard (ASC 842) the Company is now required to account for the impairment as a charge to the Statement of Operations and a reduction in the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset.

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Stock Plans - Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of Options
Outstanding (in shares) as of March 31, 2019 | shares	3,212
Options granted (in shares) | shares	0
Options exercised (in shares) | shares	(797)
Options forfeited (in shares) | shares	0
Options expired (in shares) | shares	(67)
Outstanding (in shares) as of December 31, 2019 | shares	2,348
Exercisable (in shares) as of December 31, 2019 | shares	2,348
Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Outstanding (in dollars per share) as of March 31, 2019 | $ / shares	$ 54.55
Options granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0
Options exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	32.86
Options forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0
Options expired (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	73.81
Outstanding (in dollars per share) as of December 31, 2019 | $ / shares	61.34
Exercisable (in dollars per share) as of December 31, 2019 | $ / shares	$ 61.34
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2 years 11 months 8 days
Exercisable as of December 31, 2019	2 years 11 months 8 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 | $	$ 3,370
Exercisable as of December 31, 2019 | $	$ 3,370

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Net Income per Common Share - Additional Information (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation (in shares)	5,459	1,045	4,952	1,024

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value

The following table summarizes the composition of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019:

December 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	34,800	—		—			$	34,800
Short-term investments	$	—	66,262		—			$	66,262
Total assets	$	34,800	$	66,262	—			$	101,062
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	(4,000	)	$	(4,000	)

March 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3	Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	102,702	—		—	$	102,702
Short-term investments	$	—	131,937		—	$	131,937
Total assets	$	102,702	$	131,937	—	$	234,639

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Stock Plans (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table presents the stock-based compensation expense included in Cost of services revenue, Sales and marketing, Research and development, General and administrative and Restructuring expenses for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Stock-based compensation is attributable to stock options, restricted stock units, performance based awards and the employee stock purchase plan.

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Cost of services revenue	$	635	$	705	$	2,023	$	2,217
Sales and marketing	9,128		8,395		24,133		26,990
Research and development	5,222		2,058		9,226		6,547
General and administrative	3,280		4,406		11,517		14,350
Restructuring	709		268		1,682		1,482
Stock-based compensation expense	$	18,974	$	15,832	$	48,581	$	51,586

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

Stock option activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Stock Options	Number of Options		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding options as of March 31, 2019	3,212		$	54.55
Options granted	—		—
Options exercised	(797	)	32.86
Options forfeited	—		—
Options expired	(67	)	$	73.81
Outstanding as of December 31, 2019	2,348		$	61.34	2.94	$	3,370
Exercisable as of December 31, 2019	2,348		$	61.34	2.94	$	3,370

Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 is as follows:

Non-vested Restricted Stock Units	Number of Awards		Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of March 31, 2019	1,831		$	62.58
Awarded	2,556		46.60
Vested	(816	)	59.83
Forfeited	(195	)	60.48
Non-vested as of December 31, 2019	3,376		$	51.24

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	46,497,000	45,582,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	46,497,000	45,582,000

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net - Intangible Assets, Net (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	$ 52,000
Accumulated Amortization	(2,825)
Net Assets	49,175
Developed technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	49,000
Accumulated Amortization	(2,450)
Net Assets	46,550
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	3,000
Accumulated Amortization	(375)
Net Assets	$ 2,625

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Business Combination - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of contingent consideration		$ 4,000
Hedvig, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase consideration	$ 163,205
Cash paid	157,589
Contingent consideration purchase	4,000
Fair value of restricted stock units included in purchase price	1,616
Cash payments to shareholders following the date of acquisition	$ 14,100
Cash payments to shareholders following the date of acquisition, period	30 months
Contingent consideration arrangements range of outcomes value low		0
Contingent consideration arrangements range of outcomes value high		8,000
Fair value of contingent consideration	$ 4,000	4,000
Acquisition related costs		$ 5,639
Hedvig, Inc. | Restricted stock units
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Compensation arrangements, vesting period	3 years

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities
Net Income (loss)	$ (14,580)	$ 5,724
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	11,618	9,112
Noncash stock-based compensation	48,581	51,586
Deferred income taxes	0	(150)
Amortization of deferred commissions cost	13,150	13,006
Impairment of operating lease assets	2,195
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	12,735	(17,918)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net	(512)
Other current assets and Other assets	5,586	10,425
Deferred commissions cost	(11,352)	(13,765)
Accounts payable	(1,726)	637
Accrued liabilities	(2,018)	5,345
Deferred revenue	(6,262)	9,368
Other liabilities	(1,407)	224
Net cash provided by operating activities	56,008	73,594
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of short-term investments	(32,800)	(98,150)
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments	98,150	99,243
Purchase of property and equipment	(1,911)	(5,104)
Business combination, net of cash acquired	(157,495)	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(94,056)	(4,011)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repurchase of common stock	(40,026)	(92,683)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans	30,944	32,829
Net cash used in financing activities	(9,082)	(59,854)
Effects of exchange rate — changes in cash	(837)	(13,115)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(47,967)	(3,386)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	327,992	330,784
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$ 280,025	$ 327,398

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Restructuring

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring

Restructuring

In fiscal 2019, the Company initiated a restructuring plan to increase efficiency in its sales, marketing and distribution functions as well as reduce costs across all functional areas. During the quarter, the Company incurred total restructuring charges of $2,021. These restructuring charges relate primarily to severance and related costs associated with headcount reductions and lease abandonment charges associated with five office leases. These charges include $709 of stock-based compensation related to modifications of existing unvested awards granted to certain employees impacted by the restructuring plan.

The activity in the Company’s restructuring accruals for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is summarized as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Balance at September 30	$	10,358		$	1,763
Restructuring charges(1)	2,831			5,351
Payments	(8,040		)	(3,156		)
Accrual reversals	(955		)	(398		)
Balance at December 31	$	4,194		$	3,560

	Nine Months Ended December 31,
	2019			2018
Balance at March 31	$	1,089		$	—
Restructuring charges(1)	17,711			13,740
Payments	(13,651		)	(9,782		)
Accrual reversals	(955		)	(398		)
Balance at December 31	$	4,194		$	3,560

(1) Restructuring charges of $2,831 and $17,711 in the tables above do not include restructuring charges for two of the Company's leases in the amount of $145 and five in the amount of $2,195 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, respectively. Under the new lease standard (ASC 842) the Company is now required to account for the impairment as a charge to the Statement of Operations and a reduction in the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset.

As of December 31, 2019, the outstanding restructuring accruals primarily relate to future severance payments.

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Business Combination

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Business Combination

Business Combination

On October 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of Hedvig Inc., a Delaware corporation, (“Hedvig”), for a purchase price of $163,205, which consisted of $157,589 of cash (exclusive of $4,000 of contingent consideration), and $1,616 of restricted stock units.

The Company also entered into compensation arrangements with the employees of Hedvig. This included the issuance of restricted stock units that vest over the next three years (a portion of which is allocated to the purchase price). Refer to Note 8 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements for further discussion on stock awards. Additionally, certain Hedvig shareholders will receive cash payments totaling $14,100 over the course of the 30 months following the date of acquisition, contingent on their continued employment with the Company. While these payments are proportionate to these shareholders' ownership of Hedvig, under US GAAP they are accounted for as compensation expense over the course of the 30 month service period, and not included in the purchase price.

The following table summarizes the purchase price and preliminary purchase price allocation made as of the date of acquisition:

Purchase price allocation:
Cash paid at closing	$	157,589
Fair value of restricted stock units included in purchase price	1,616
Fair value of contingent consideration	4,000
Total purchase price	$	163,205
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash	$	94
Trade accounts receivable	1,074
Other current assets	104
Property and equipment	202
Intangible assets	52,000
Other assets	682
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(1,060		)
Deferred revenue	(2,231		)
Operating lease liability, net of operating lease assets	(11		)
Deferred tax liability	(84		)
Total identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed	50,770
Goodwill	112,435
Total purchase price	163,205

Contingent consideration

The contingent consideration arrangement requires the Company to pay up to $8,000 of cash to the former owners of Hedvig, contingent on the Company receiving one or more bona fide and valid purchase orders from a specified customer, no later than April 30, 2020. The $8,000 is classified as Restricted cash on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The actual consideration paid can range from $0 to $8,000 and is based on the amount of orders received. The fair value of the contingent liability was estimated to be $4,000 based on a probability weighted-average approach and was included in the purchase price. The $4,000 liability is included in Accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. At the end of each reporting period after the acquisition date, the arrangement is remeasured at its fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. Changes in fair value will be recognized in General and administrative expense. As of December 31, 2019, the Company continues to estimate the fair value of the liability as $4,000.

Actual and Unaudited Pro Forma Information

The unaudited amounts of Hedvig’s revenue and net loss included in the Company’s consolidated income statement for both the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, and the revenue and net loss of the combined entity had the acquisition date been April 1, 2018, are as follows:

    

	Revenue		Net Loss
Actual from 10/01/2019 - 12/31/2019	$	240	$	(9,325	)
Fiscal 2020 supplemental pro forma from 04/01/2019 - 12/31/2019	$	507,241	$	(19,246	)
Fiscal 2019 supplemental pro forma from 04/01/2018 - 12/31/2018	$	532,825	$	(21,072	)

The Company's post-acquisition loss for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 includes expenses related to the noncash amortization of intangible assets, compensation paid to Hedvig employees, restricted stock units granted to Hedvig employees and the cash payments being made to Hedvig shareholders over a 30 month service period as discussed above.

The fiscal 2020 supplemental pro forma net loss was adjusted to exclude $5,639 of acquisition-related costs incurred in fiscal 2020. The fiscal 2019 supplemental pro forma net loss was adjusted to include these charges. In addition to estimated operating expenses, both periods include noncash amortization expenses related to intangible assets as if the acquisition had taken place on April 1, 2018.

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. The Company does not believe that it is currently party to any pending legal action that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on its business or operating results.

The Company has a contingent liability related to the acquisition of Hedvig. See Note 3 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements for further details on the arrangement.

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Restructuring - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) contract	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges incurred	$ 2,021	$ 4,953	$ 18,951	$ 13,342
Operating lease impairment loss, number of leases | contract	5
Stock-Based Compensation
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges incurred	$ 709

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Leases - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases [Abstract]
Additions of operating lease assets	$ 116		$ 5,421
Weighted-average remaining operating lease term	3 years 3 months 7 days		3 years 3 months 7 days
Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases	4.00%		4.00%
Rental expense		$ 2,954		$ 9,041