10-Q 1 d49026e10vq.htm FORM 10-Q e10vq
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended: June 30, 2007
OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number: 000-50282
PANDA ETHANOL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Nevada   33-0986282
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
4100 Spring Valley, Suite 1002
Dallas, Texas
75244

(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(972) 361-1200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
     Indicate by check mark whether registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ       No o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o      Accelerated filer o      Non-accelerated filer þ
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
     The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of August 17, 2007: 31,066,659.
 
 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1 — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 6. Exhibits
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT INDEX
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 906
Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 906


Table of Contents

PART 1 — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
PANDA ETHANOL, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
                 
    December 31,     June 30,  
    2006     2007  
ASSETS
               
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 15,413,529     $ 10,275,517  
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
    135,607,427       91,986,858  
Accounts receivable from former parent
    32,265        
Restricted short-term investments
    12,495,335        
Prepaid expenses
    932,214       356,819  
 
               
Property, plant and equipment:
               
Construction in progress
    66,087,367       125,245,085  
Development costs
    2,084,463       3,606,007  
Furniture and fixtures
    76,693       245,021  
Accumulated depreciation
    (3,079 )     (35,140 )
 
           
Total property, plant and equipment, net
    68,245,444       129,060,973  
 
               
Financial derivatives
          246,482  
 
               
Deposits
          431,451  
 
               
Debt issuance costs, net of accumulated amortization of $520,393 and $1,148,664 at December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, respectively
    8,902,699       8,656,868  
 
           
 
               
Total assets
  $ 241,628,913     $ 241,014,968  
 
           
 
               
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
 
               
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities - property, plant and equipment
  $ 6,309,361     $ 10,404,008  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities — operating expenses
    1,051,919       2,405,528  
Accounts payable to former parent — operating expenses
          90,279  
Accrued interest
    491,497       520,925  
 
               
Financial derivatives
    7,659,400       10,549,000  
 
               
Long-term debt
    136,369,890       138,830,084  
 
               
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 3 and 5)
               
 
               
Temporary equity — payable to former parent
    4,301,558       4,301,558  
 
               
Shareholders’ equity:
               
Preferred stock, par value $.001; 100,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
           
Common stock, par value $.001; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 31,066,667 and 31,066,659 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, respectively
    31,067       31,067  
Additional contributed capital
    104,405,191       104,673,413  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
    (513,400 )     246,482  
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
    (18,477,570 )     (31,037,376 )
 
           
Total shareholders’ equity
    85,445,288       73,913,586  
 
           
 
               
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 241,628,913     $ 241,014,968  
 
           
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PANDA ETHANOL, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006 AND 2007,
AND FOR THE PERIOD FROM INCEPTION THROUGH JUNE 30, 2007
(UNAUDITED)
                                         
                                    Inception  
    Three Months Ended June 30,     Six Months Ended June 30,     Through  
    2006     2007     2006     2007     June 30, 2007  
Development and administrative expenses:
                                       
Development and administrative expenses allocated from former parent
  $ 2,085,243     $ 172,678     $ 3,932,795     $ 306,697     $ 12,476,440  
Other development and administrative expenses
    855,402       5,946,545       1,453,337       9,481,533       17,629,233  
 
                             
Total development and administrative expenses
    2,940,645       6,119,223       5,386,132       9,788,230       30,105,673  
 
                                       
Other expense (income):
                                       
Interest income
    (213,682 )     (1,443,693 )     (213,682 )     (3,203,952 )     (6,934,785 )
Interest expense and letter of credit fees
          910,199             2,340,103       5,477,992  
Amortization of debt issuance costs
          77,562             200,364       472,356  
Depreciation
          19,508             32,061       35,140  
Increase (decrease) in fair value of financial derivative
          (973,000 )           3,403,000       1,881,000  
 
                             
Total other expense (income)
    (213,682 )     (1,409,424 )     (213,682 )     2,771,576       931,703  
 
                             
 
                                       
Net loss
  $ 2,726,963     $ 4,709,799     $ 5,172,450     $ 12,559,806     $ 31,037,376  
 
                             
 
                                       
Net loss per common share — basic and dilutive:
                                       
 
                                       
Net loss per common share
  $ 0.15     $ 0.15     $ 0.33     $ 0.40          
 
                               
 
                                       
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic and dilutive
    17,768,812       31,066,659       15,803,992       31,066,659          
 
                               
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PANDA ETHANOL, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2006 AND 2007,
AND FOR THE PERIOD FROM INCEPTION THROUGH JUNE 30, 2007
(UNAUDITED)
                         
    Six Months Ended June 30,     Inception Through  
    2006     2007     June 30, 2007  
Operating activities:
                       
 
                       
Net loss
  $ (5,172,450 )   $ (12,559,806 )   $ (31,037,376 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
                       
Interest expense added to debt principal
          2,460,195       4,398,085  
Amortization of debt issuance costs
          200,364       472,356  
Depreciation
          32,061       32,061  
Increase in fair value of financial derivative
          3,403,000       1,881,000  
Decrease in accounts receivable from former parent
          32,265        
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses
          575,395       (356,819 )
Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities — operating expenses
    495,176       1,353,609       2,405,528  
Increase in accounts payable to former parent — operating expenses
          358,501       358,501  
Increase in accrued interest
          29,428       520,925  
 
                 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (4,677,274 )     (4,114,988 )     (21,325,739 )
 
                 
 
                       
Investing activities:
                       
 
                       
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash and cash equivalents
    (87,511,488 )     43,620,569       (91,986,858 )
Decrease in restricted short-term investments, net
          12,495,335        
Additions to property, plant and equipment
    (5,611,883 )     (56,325,037 )     (118,012,719 )
Increase in deposits
          (431,451 )     (431,451 )
 
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (93,123,371 )     (640,584 )     (210,431,028 )
 
                 
 
                       
Financing activities:
                       
 
                       
Capital contributions from former parent
    3,291,508             16,133,464  
Capital distributions to former parent
                (5,480,712 )
Temporary equity advanced from former parent
    6,580,656             4,301,558  
Issuance of common stock to former parent
                2,859,354  
Issuance of common stock to non-affiliates
    87,903,438             90,924,152  
Issuance of long-term debt and financial derivative
                143,100,000  
Debt issuance costs paid
          (382,440 )     (9,805,532 )
 
                 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    97,775,602       (382,440 )     242,032,284  
 
                 
 
                       
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (25,043 )     (5,138,012 )     10,275,517  
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    25,043       15,413,529        
 
                 
 
                       
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $     $ 10,275,517     $ 10,275,517  
 
                 
 
                       
Noncash investing and financing activities:
                       
Property, plant and equipment costs accrued
  $ 374,241     $ 10,404,008     $ 10,404,008  
Interest cost accrued to long-term debt principal
  $     $ 2,460,195     $ 4,398,085  
Capital contribution from former parent by reduction of accounts payable
  $     $ 268,222     $ 268,222  
Debt issuance costs accrued
  $ 1,299,878     $     $  
Equity issuance costs accrued
  $ 1,744,875     $     $  
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PANDA ETHANOL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the Three Months and Six Months Ended June 30, 2006 and 2007
And For the Period from Inception (November 1, 2004) through June 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
1.   ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
     Panda Ethanol, Inc. (“Panda Ethanol” or collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company”)(a Nevada corporation), through various subsidiaries, holds a 100% interest in an ethanol manufacturing facility currently under construction in Hereford, Texas (“Hereford Facility”) and also holds 100% interests in ethanol projects under development in various states (see Note 3).
     Until June 7, 2006, the Company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Panda Energy International, Inc. (“PEII”). PEII currently holds a 45.8% interest in the Company. PEII commenced development activities with respect to ethanol manufacturing facilities on November 1, 2004, which is the inception date of the accompanying financial statements. The financial statements are presented on a “carved out” basis and reflect the ethanol project development activities as if Panda Ethanol had been incorporated, with 13,817,341 common shares (par value $.001) initially outstanding and held by PEII, for all periods presented, until June 7, 2006, when additional shares were issued in a private equity transaction. The retrospective presentation under the current capital structure had no impact on net loss, any asset or liability, or net shareholders’ equity.
     Development Stage Enterprise and Liquidity — The Company is in the development stage and has no operating revenues. The Company does not currently produce ethanol, as its projects are under construction or development as discussed in Note 3. The Company has presented a non-classified balance sheet and anticipates presenting current assets and current liabilities once it has completed the development stage. Financial support initially was provided in the form of equity contributions and temporary equity advances from PEII. Additionally, the Company completed private equity transactions in June and December 2006, and debt financing for the Hereford Facility in July 2006.
     On August 9, 2007, in response to tightening equity and credit markets, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a new organizational plan designed to streamline costs and enable the Company to focus on the construction and subsequent operation of the Hereford Facility (see Note 7). Although the Company’s operating expenses will be significantly reduced under the new organizational plan, management anticipates that the Company will need to secure additional financing in the range of $1 million to $5 million to finance working capital requirements until the Company begins to receive cash distributions from the Hereford Facility. The Company is currently seeking such additional financing. Management believes, but can offer no assurance, that such financing can be obtained. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary in the event that the Company is not able to obtain such additional financing.
     The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries in which the Company has a controlling financial interest or is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.
2.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
     Use of Estimates — The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and

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reflect all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments, needed to present fairly the financial results for the interim periods. These financial statements include some amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments. These estimates may be adjusted as more information becomes available, and any adjustment could be significant. The impact of any change in estimates is included in the determination of earnings in the period in which the change in estimate is identified. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2007.
     Condensed Footnote Disclosures — The Company has omitted certain footnote disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the Company’s audited financial statements. The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements contained in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
     Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncement — On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements and provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition issues.
     The Company was incorporated in 2006 and has not yet filed its initial federal or state income tax returns. Accordingly, the Company’s net deferred tax assets consist of items it anticipates being included in its initial federal and state income tax returns, based on tax accounting methods anticipated to be adopted in the initial income tax returns. In addition, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance for the full amount of its net deferred tax assets, which principally consist of net operating losses and other costs incurred that are required to be capitalized for tax purposes. At the adoption date of January 1, 2007 and as of June 30, 2007, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.6 million and $3.9 million, respectively, although such amounts may vary upon final determination of filing positions to be taken on the initial income tax returns. The Company has concluded that any unrecognized tax benefits would also only result in a reclassification of the specific items within its deferred tax asset balance, all of which is subject to a full valuation allowance. Accordingly, no adjustments to liabilities, operations or retained earnings were required, and there was no cumulative effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations as a result of implementing FIN 48. The change in unrecognized tax benefits from the date of adoption to June 30, 2007, resulted from the Company’s operations during the first half of 2007 and not from any revision of its unrecognized tax benefits at the date of adoption.
     The Company will file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. Management does not believe there will be any material changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax positions over the next 12 months, subject to final determination of filing positions to be taken on the initial income tax returns, other than changes resulting from the Company’s operations during the period. The Company accounts for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as part of its provision for federal and state income taxes. As of the date of adoption of FIN 48 and as of June 30, 2007, the Company did not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits, nor was any related expense recognized during the period.

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3.   ETHANOL PROJECTS
     The Hereford Facility is an ethanol manufacturing facility with a design capacity of 115 million gallons of denatured ethanol which is currently under construction in Hereford, Texas. The Hereford Facility is being constructed under a fixed-price, turnkey engineering, procurement, and construction (“EPC”) contract with Lurgi, Inc. (“Lurgi”). Lurgi will install a biomass conversion system to be manufactured by Energy Products of Idaho, Inc. (“EPI”), which will use cattle manure and cotton gin waste to generate process steam used in the production of ethanol. The total commitments under the Lurgi and EPI contracts, which became effective upon completion of financing for the Hereford Facility on July 28, 2006 as discussed in Note 5, are approximately $187.0 million. Total commitments under ancillary construction-related contracts are approximately $1.0 million, excluding equipment leases discussed below. The total cost of the Hereford Facility, including interest during construction, initial inventories, working capital and debt service reserves, is currently expected to be approximately $271 million.
     The Hereford Facility, which commenced construction in August 2006, is currently estimated to begin producing ethanol early in the first quarter of 2008 and to be fully operational by the end of the first quarter of 2008. These estimates are based on a recovery plan recently implemented by Lurgi in connection with previously announced construction delays. Lurgi has notified the Company that it intends to make a claim for relief under the force majeure provisions of the EPC contract due to inclement weather over the last few months. The amount of such claim has not been determined. On June 15, 2007, the Company and the lenders amended the Senior Debt financing agreement (see Note 5) to extend the deadline for substantial completion until March 28, 2008. This deadline extends beyond the current projected date for substantial completion and does not affect the schedule, terms, liquidated damages and other provisions of the EPC contract with Lurgi.
     Under the terms of the debt financing for the Hereford Facility (see Note 5), the assets related to the Hereford Facility are restricted for use in connection with the construction of that facility and are not available for general corporate purposes. Restricted net assets related to the Hereford Facility amounted to approximately $73 million and $69 million at December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, respectively.
     In June 2007, the Company entered into an agreement to lease certain mobile equipment for the Hereford Facility. The lease includes three separate equipment schedules under a master lease agreement. The lease terms range from three to seven years. Renewal and purchase options are available at fair market value at the end of the initial lease periods. Lease payments may escalate in the future based upon increases in the rates for U.S. Treasury Notes. Two of the equipment schedules constitute operating leases; the third schedule is a capital lease. For one of the operating leases, a deposit of $431,451 was paid prior to June 30, 2007 and is reflected on the accompanying balance sheet under deposits and other noncurrent assets. That lease requires monthly payments totaling $129,000 in 2007, $259,000 in 2008 through 2013, and $129,000 in 2014, for total payments during the lease of $1.8 million. For the other operating lease, the equipment has not yet been ordered and the commencement of lease payments has not yet been determined. That lease will require a deposit of $134,000, and assuming that payments commence January 1, 2008, will require monthly payments totaling $134,000 per year in 2008 through 2012, for total payments during the lease of $671,000. For the capital lease, the equipment has not yet been ordered and the commencement of lease payments has not yet been determined. Accordingly, the capital lease has not been recorded as of June 30, 2007. The lease will require a deposit of $17,000 and, assuming that payments commence January 1, 2008, future monthly payments totaling $105,000 per year for 2008 through 2010 for total minimum payments during the lease of $315,000. Of the total minimum lease payments, $52,000 represents interest.
     The Company has other ethanol manufacturing facilities under development. Projects to be located in Yuma County, Colorado; Haskell County, Kansas; Sherman County, Texas; Muleshoe, Texas; and Lincoln County, Nebraska have been announced, and additional projects are also under development in various states.
     The Yuma and Haskell facilities are also designed to each produce approximately 115 million gallons of denatured ethanol per year. The Company has purchased the site and received an air permit for the Yuma facility and is seeking financing required to construct that facility. On March 1, 2007, the Company entered into an EPC contract with Lurgi for construction of the Yuma facility (the “Yuma EPC Contract”). However, the

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price for the construction of the Yuma facility will not be fixed until the Company issues a notice to proceed once financing has been completed.
     On June 5, 2007, the Company announced a private offering of $140 million aggregate principal amount of 6% convertible, redeemable senior notes. The funds from the proposed offering were slated for construction of the Yuma facility and for general corporate purposes. At the end of June, management determined that the proposed offering was not likely to close. Accordingly, offering-related costs of approximately $1.3 million have been charged to expense in the accompanying statement of operations in the second quarter of 2007. Such costs consist primarily of legal fees. Legal costs in connection with a senior debt financing related to the Yuma project, which amount to approximately $0.4 million, have been deferred pending completion of the financing transaction. Such costs are included on the accompanying balance sheet under debt issuance costs. Additionally, in June 2007, the Company terminated a previously disclosed ancillary construction-related contract for the Yuma facility. The accompanying financial statements include an expense of $0.8 million related to the cancellation of this contract. See Note 7.
     The Company has received an air permit and a waste water discharge permit for the Haskell facility. The Company has filed applications for air permits for all of its other announced projects.
4.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
     Until October 1, 2006, the Company had no employees or offices. Prior to that date, its activities were conducted by PEII employees in the offices of PEII. Effective October 1, 2006, all of the PEII employees dedicated to ethanol-related activities on a full-time basis became employees of the Company, and the Company began paying substantially all of its own overhead costs. Accordingly, development and administrative expenses allocated from the former parent decreased substantially in the 2007 periods in comparison to the 2006 periods. Costs allocated from the former parent include net charges of $63,000 and $89,000 for services provided under the Transition Services Agreement, and $110,000 and $218,000 for office rent, for the three months and six months, respectively, ended June 30, 2007. As of June 30, 2007, the Company owed approximately $90,000 to PEII, which is included in accounts payable to former parent in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. In the first quarter of 2007, PEII made a capital contribution of $268,000 to the Company.
5.   LONG-TERM DEBT
     On July 28, 2006, the Company closed three debt financing transactions, the proceeds of which are being used to finance the construction of the Hereford Facility and provide certain working capital for the project. The debt transactions include a $158.1 million senior secured credit facility (“Senior Debt”), a $30.0 million subordinated secured credit facility (“Subordinated Debt”), and $50.0 million of tax-exempt bonds (“Tax-Exempt Bonds”). The Senior Debt includes a letter of credit facility which supports the Tax-Exempt Bonds; accordingly, the total borrowing capacity under the three debt transactions is $188.1 million. The debt transactions are discussed in Note 5 to the audited financial statements included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
     At December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, the Company had $63.1 million outstanding under the Senior Debt, which bore interest at a rate of 9.1% per annum before impact of the interest rate swap agreement. The Company’s interest rate on the Senior Debt is effectively fixed at approximately 9.0% during construction via the interest rate swap agreement. At December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, the notional amount of the swap agreement was $63.1 million. The fair value of the swap agreement at December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007 was a liability of approximately $513,000 and an asset of approximately $246,000, respectively, which is included in financial derivatives on the balance sheet with a corresponding charge or credit to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
     At December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, the Company had $30.0 million original principal amount outstanding under the Subordinated Debt, plus approximately $1,580,000 and $3,514,000, respectively, in accrued pay-in-kind interest which was added to the principal balance, which bore interest at a rate of 12% per annum. The

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unamortized discount related to the royalty interest discussed below amounted to approximately $8,310,000 and $7,784,000, resulting in a net carrying value of approximately $23,270,000 and $25,730,000 for the Subordinated Debt at December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, respectively.
     The Subordinated Debt lender is entitled to a royalty of 8.5% of distributable cash flows, as defined. The royalty interest is considered to be an embedded derivative financial instrument. The fair value of the royalty interest at December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007 was estimated to be a liability of approximately $7,146,000 and $10,549,000, respectively, which is included in financial derivatives on the balance sheet. The decrease in fair value of $973,000 and the increase in fair value of $3,403,000 for the three months and six months, respectively, ended June 30, 2007 and $1,881,000 for the period from inception through June 30, 2007 have been recognized in the statement of operations. Approximately $2 million of the $3.4 million increase in the fair value of the financial derivative for the six months ended June 30, 2007 was attributable to differences in commodity price curve data from the Company’s previous market consultants to data provided by another consulting firm. This change, which occurred in the first quarter of 2007, has been accounted for as a change in accounting estimate. The change in accounting estimate increased the net loss by $2 million and the net loss per share by $.06.
     At December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007, the Company had $50.0 million outstanding under the Tax-Exempt Bonds, which bore interest at a rate of 4.0% and 3.82% per annum, respectively.
     The net amount of capitalized interest (including amortization of debt issuance costs) was approximately $2.8 million and $4.9 million for the three months and six months, respectively, ended June 30, 2007. The Company paid interest of $4.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2007. No interest was paid in the six months ended June 30, 2006.
6.   COMMODITY PURCHASE COMMITMENTS
     During the six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company entered into purchase contracts to acquire certain quantities of corn in the future. As of June 30, 2007, the Company had purchase contracts for 7,740,000 bushels of corn in which the purchase price will be determined by the market price at the transaction date. The Company has not entered into any hedging transactions with respect to these purchase commitments. These contracts are considered to be derivative instruments, and a portion of them would not qualify for the normal purchases exception under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133. However, the impact of these contracts is not material to the financial statements.
7.   SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
     On July 10, 2007, the Company announced that it had withdrawn its private offering of $140 million aggregate principal amount of 6% convertible, redeemable senior notes which was previously announced on June 5, 2007 (see Note 3). The funds from the proposed offering had been slated for construction of the Company’s ethanol facility in Yuma, Colorado and for general corporate purposes. The Company continues to seek financing for its Yuma project.
     On August 9, 2007, in response to tightening equity and credit markets, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a new organizational plan designed to streamline costs and enable the Company to focus on the construction and subsequent operation of the Hereford Facility. As a part of the new organizational plan and after a transition period not to exceed two months, five executive officers and a number of additional development and administrative employees are expected to leave the Company and join PEII. It is anticipated that these departing officers and employees would be available to provide services to the Company under the terms of a confidentiality and services arrangement to be entered into by the Company and PEII, or their subsidiaries. It is expected that PEII would be compensated for these services through deferred arrangements, which could include common stock. Other than administrative costs associated with the new organizational plan, there are no costs (including no severance or retention payments) associated with the departures of these officers and employees or the organizational plan in general.

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     Although the Company’s operating expenses will be significantly reduced under the new organizational plan, management anticipates that the Company will need to secure additional financing in the range of $1 million to $5 million to finance working capital requirements until the Company begins to receive cash distributions from the Hereford Facility. The Company is currently seeking such additional financing. Management believes, but can offer no assurance, that such financing can be obtained. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary in the event that the Company is not able to obtain such additional financing.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
          The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes to those statements included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. In this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, the words “Panda Ethanol” refer to Panda Ethanol, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires. Panda Ethanol is a Nevada corporation. On November 6, 2006, Panda Ethanol, Inc. (a Delaware corporation), which is referred to in this quarterly report as Panda Ethanol-Delaware, merged with and into Cirracor, Inc., which we refer to as Cirracor, a Nevada corporation. The surviving Nevada corporation after the merger changed its name to “Panda Ethanol, Inc.” In this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, the words “Company,” “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer to the surviving company after the merger and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires.
Forward-Looking Statements
          This quarterly report contains forward-looking statements, as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, that are based on our current expectations, assumptions, beliefs, estimates and projections about the Company and the ethanol and other related industries. The forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Generally, these forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “should” and variations of such words or similar expressions.
          We caution you that reliance on any forward-looking statement involves risks and uncertainties, and that although we believe that the assumptions on which our forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of those assumptions could prove to be inaccurate, and, as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions could be incorrect. In light of these and other uncertainties, you should not conclude that we will necessarily achieve any plans and objectives or projected financial results referred to in any of the forward-looking statements. We do not undertake to release the results of any revisions of these forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances. Some of the factors that may cause actual results, developments and business decisions to differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements include the risk factors discussed in “Part II—Item 1A—Risk Factors” of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 and the following:
    the effectiveness of the reorganization;
 
    the availability of and necessity for continued access to former management;
 
    our ability to obtain additional capital to finance our initiatives;
 
    the time, cost and ability to construct or complete construction of our Hereford and other ethanol plants;

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    issues arising in connection with the development and construction of our projects, including those relating to permits, easements, site conditions, workmanship, process engineering, and conflicts of interest;
 
    the projected growth or contraction of the ethanol market in which we will operate;
 
    fluctuations in the market price of ethanol;
 
    our business strategy for expanding, maintaining or contracting our presence in this market and related markets;
 
    the sale of interests in, or entry into, partnerships or joint ventures with respect to specific projects;
 
    anticipated trends in our financial condition and results of operations;
 
    our ability to distinguish ourselves from our current and future competitors;
 
    changes in or elimination of laws, tariffs, subsidies, trade or other controls or enforcement practices such as:
  º   national, state or local energy policy;
 
  º   federal ethanol tax incentives;
 
  º   regulation currently under consideration pursuant to the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, or Energy Policy Act, which contains a renewable fuel standard and other legislation mandating the usage of ethanol or other oxygenate additives;
 
  º   state and federal regulation restricting or banning the use of methyl tertiary butyl ether, or MTBE;
 
  º   environmental laws and regulations applicable to our operations and the enforcement thereof; and
 
  º   regulations related to homeland security;
    changes in weather and general economic conditions;
 
    overcapacity within the ethanol and petroleum production and refining industries;
 
    total United States consumption of gasoline;
 
    availability and costs of products and raw materials, particularly corn, natural gas, stainless steel and carbon steel;
 
    labor costs;
 
    labor relations;
 
    fluctuations in petroleum prices;

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    our or our employees’ failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations;
 
    our ability to generate free cash flow to invest in our business and service our indebtedness;
 
    limitations and restrictions contained in the instruments and agreements governing our and our subsidiaries’ indebtedness;
 
    changes in interest rates;
 
    our ability to retain key employees;
 
    liability resulting from actual or potential future litigation;
 
    competition with respect to any of our products;
 
    consolidation in the industry;
 
    plant shutdowns or disruptions at our planned plant;
 
    availability of shuttle trains, rail cars, trucks and barges;
 
    risks regarding a loss of or substantial decrease in purchases by our major ethanol customers or any customer of our by-products;
 
    risks related to hedging decisions, including whether or not to enter into hedging arrangements and the possibility of financial losses related to hedging arrangements; and
 
    risks related to diverting management’s attention from ongoing business operations.
Overview
          The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2007, and for the period from inception (November 1, 2004) through June 30, 2007, and the related notes included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Such unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements contained in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
          We are in the development stage and were formed to develop ethanol production plants and other related assets. We do not expect to operate at a profit before our first ethanol plant is completely constructed and operational. Until June 7, 2006, Panda Ethanol—Delaware was a wholly-owned subsidiary of Panda Energy International, Inc. (“Panda Energy”), a privately-held company. On June 7, 2006, Panda Ethanol—Delaware closed a private placement of approximately 14.9 million shares of its common stock for total gross proceeds of approximately $90 million. On July 28, 2006, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Panda Ethanol—Delaware, Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P., entered into project level debt facilities aggregating approximately $188.1 million. On December 1, 2006, we closed a private placement of 1,066,667 shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of $8 million.
          On November 6, 2006, Panda Ethanol—Delaware merged with and into Cirracor pursuant to a merger agreement dated May 18, 2006. The surviving company of the merger changed its name to “Panda Ethanol, Inc.” Pursuant to the merger, each outstanding share of common stock of Panda Ethanol—

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Delaware was converted into the right to receive one share of Cirracor common stock with a total of 28,800,000 shares of Cirracor common stock issued for 28,800,000 shares of Panda Ethanol—Delaware common stock. The merger was accounted for as a reverse acquisition whereby Panda Ethanol was deemed to be the acquirer for accounting purposes.
          In August 2006, we began construction of our design capacity 115 million gallon-per-year manure-fueled denatured ethanol production facility in Hereford, Texas. While we currently do not produce ethanol, we currently estimate that the Hereford facility will begin producing ethanol early in the first quarter of 2008 and will be fully operational by the end of the first quarter of 2008.
          On August 9, 2007, in response to tightening equity and credit markets and upon the advice of management, our Board of Directors approved a new organizational plan that is designed to streamline costs and enable us to focus on the construction and subsequent operation of the Hereford facility. As a part of the new organizational plan and after a transition period not to exceed two months, five executive officers and a number of additional development and administrative employees are expected to leave the Company and join Panda Energy, our founder and a significant stockholder. It is anticipated that these departing officers and employees would be available to provide services to us under the terms of a confidentiality and services arrangement to be entered into by us and Panda Energy, or their subsidiaries. It is expected that Panda Energy would be compensated for these services through deferred arrangements, which could include common stock. Other than administrative costs associated with the new organizational plan, there are no costs (including no severance or retention payments) associated with the departures of these officers and employees or the organizational plan in general.
     Although the Company’s operating expenses will be significantly reduced under the new organizational plan, management anticipates that the Company will need to secure additional financing in the range of $1 million to $5 million to finance working capital requirements until the Company begins to receive cash distributions from the Hereford Facility. The Company is currently seeking such additional financing. Management believes, but can offer no assurance, that such financing can be obtained.
          To finance our ongoing development and capital needs, we will need to incur additional indebtedness, issue additional securities and/or sell interests in or form partnerships or joint ventures to develop our specific projects. Any such transactions may be consummated by Panda Ethanol or by the particular subsidiaries of Panda Ethanol that own and are developing the specific ethanol projects. Any such dispositions of interests in the specific projects may result in a deconsolidation of these project subsidiaries from our consolidated financial results and may result in a material decrease of our interest in, and control over, such projects.
          From the date of our inception (November 1, 2004) through June 30, 2007, we incurred an accumulated net loss of $31.0 million. Even with the implementation of the new organizational plan, we believe we will incur significant losses primarily related to development and administrative expenses and interest expense on debt until we are able to successfully complete construction and commence operations of our initial ethanol production facility. There is no assurance that existing financing will be adequate for completion of the Hereford facility, that we will be able to secure additional financing for other projects, or that we will be successful in our efforts to develop, construct and operate one or more ethanol plants. Even if we successfully meet all of these objectives and begin operations, there is no assurance that we will be able to operate profitably.

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Summary of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
     This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based on the financial statements of Panda Ethanol, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, and Note 2 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q contain summaries of our significant accounting policies, many of which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to accrued expenses, financing operations, and contingencies and litigation. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The most significant accounting estimates inherent in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements include allocation of expenses from the parent (discussed below), estimates as to the appropriate carrying value of certain assets which are not readily apparent from other sources (primarily development costs), and valuation of financial derivatives. The valuation of financial derivatives is based upon discounted estimated future payments under these derivative instruments, which in turn are based upon forward market data obtained from independent sources. Additional discussion of estimates affecting the valuation of financial derivatives is contained in Note 5 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
Allocation of Expenses from the Former Parent
     We are in the development stage and were a wholly-owned subsidiary of Panda Energy International, Inc., or Panda Energy, until June 7, 2006. Until October 1, 2006, we had no employees nor offices. Prior to that date, our activities were conducted by Panda Energy employees in the offices of Panda Energy. Accordingly, our financial statements include development and administrative expenses allocated from Panda Energy, our former parent. Such allocated expenses include both salary and nonsalary costs. Allocation of salary costs from the former parent is performed on an individual employee basis and is based upon the proportionate share of each employee’s time dedicated to ethanol projects. Nonsalary costs which are not specifically identifiable to projects (such as employee benefits, office rent, information technology and other office expenses) are allocated from the former parent in proportion to allocated salary costs. Our management believes the allocation methodology is reasonable and represents management’s best available estimate of actual costs incurred for the ethanol development activities; however, such allocations may not necessarily be representative of the actual costs that would have been incurred by us as a stand-alone company.
     Effective October 1, 2006, all of the Panda Energy employees dedicated to ethanol-related activities on a full-time basis became employees of the Company, and the Company began paying substantially all of its own overhead costs. Under a transition services agreement, which we refer to as the transition services agreement, employees of both the Company and Panda Energy continue to provide services on a limited basis to each other.

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Results of Operations
For the three months ended June 30, 2006 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007
     We are in the development stage and had no operating revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2006 and 2007. Our activities consist primarily of developing and constructing ethanol manufacturing facilities.
     Development and administrative expenses allocated from the former parent decreased from $2,085,243 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 to $172,678 for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease was caused by the change in the Company’s administrative structure, which was effective October 1, 2006 as discussed above under “Allocation of Expenses from the Former Parent.” In the 2006 period, expenses allocated from the former parent included allocated salary costs of $1.3 million and allocated non-salary costs of $0.7 million. In the 2007 period, expenses allocated from the former parent included net charges of $63,000 for services provided under the transition services agreement and $110,000 for office rent.
     Other development and administrative expenses increased from $855,402 for the three months ended June 30, 2006 to $5,946,545 for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to the change in the Company’s administrative structure, which was effective October 1, 2006 as discussed above under “Allocation of Expenses from the Former Parent,” in addition to a higher level of development and administrative activity in the 2007 period and costs related to a withdrawn financing transaction. As a result of the change in administrative structure, salary costs of $1.7 million and non-salary overhead costs of $0.8 million incurred in the 2007 period, which would previously have been reflected in expenses allocated from the former parent, were instead reflected in other development and administrative expenses. In connection with the withdrawal of a private offering of convertible notes related to the Yuma project, the Company incurred $1.3 million of offering-related expenses, which consisted primarily of legal fees. Additionally, the Company incurred expenses of $0.8 million for cancellation of a Yuma construction-related contract. In addition to the above, this expense category included legal and accounting fees of $0.4 million, pre-operating expenses for the Hereford project of $0.2 million, insurance expense of $0.3 million and other expenses of $0.4 million.
     Other income and expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2007 included interest income of $1.4 million, interest expense of $0.9 million, depreciation and amortization of debt issuance costs of $0.1 million, and income from the decrease in fair value of financial derivative of $1.0 million. The other income and expense items in the 2007 period resulted from our equity and debt financing transactions and investment of the related cash balances. The only other income or expense item for the three months ended June 30, 2006 was interest income of $0.2 million.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007
     We are in the development stage and had no operating revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2007. Our activities consist primarily of developing and constructing ethanol manufacturing facilities.
     Development and administrative expenses allocated from the former parent decreased from $3,932,795 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 to $306,697 for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease was caused by the change in the Company’s administrative structure, which was effective October 1, 2006 as discussed above under “Allocation of Expenses from the Former Parent.” In the 2006 period, expenses allocated from the former parent included allocated salary costs of $2.6 million and allocated non-salary costs of $1.3 million. In the 2007 period, expenses allocated from the former parent

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included net charges of $89,000 for services provided under the transition services agreement and $218,000 for office rent.
     Other development and administrative expenses increased from $1,453,337 for the six months ended June 30, 2006 to $9,481,533 for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to the change in the Company’s administrative structure, which was effective October 1, 2006 as discussed above under “Allocation of Expenses from the Former Parent,” in addition to a higher level of development and administrative activity in the 2007 period and costs related to a withdrawn financing transaction. As a result of the change in administrative structure, salary costs of $3.4 million and non-salary overhead costs of $1.7 million incurred in the 2007 period, which would previously have been reflected in expenses allocated from the former parent, were instead reflected in other development and administrative expenses. In connection with the withdrawal of a private offering of convertible notes related to the Yuma project, the Company incurred $1.3 million of offering-related expenses, which consisted primarily of legal fees. Additionally, the Company incurred expenses of $0.8 million for cancellation of a Yuma construction-related contract. In addition to the above, this expense category included legal and accounting fees of $0.8 million, pre-operating expenses for the Hereford project of $0.6 million, insurance expense of $0.5 million and other expenses of $0.4 million.
     Other income and expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 included interest income of $3.2 million, interest expense of $2.3 million, depreciation and amortization of debt issuance costs of $0.2 million, and expense from the increase in fair value of financial derivative of $3.4 million. Approximately $2 million of the $3.4 million increase in the fair value of financial derivative was attributable to differences in commodity price curve data from the Company’s previous market consultants to data provided by another consulting firm. This change, which occurred in the first quarter of 2007, has been accounted for as a change in accounting estimate. The other income and expense items in the 2007 period resulted from our equity and debt financing transactions and investment of the related cash balances. The only other income or expense item for the six months ended June 30, 2006 was interest income of $0.2 million.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
     We are in the development stage and do not expect to operate at a profit before our first ethanol plant is completely constructed and operational. We currently estimate that our first ethanol plant, the Hereford facility, will begin producing ethanol early in the first quarter of 2008 and that it will be fully operational by the end of the first quarter of 2008.
     We had cash of $15.4 million, restricted cash of $135.6 million and restricted short-term investments of $12.5 million at December 31, 2006, and cash of $10.3 million and restricted cash of $92.0 million at June 30, 2007. The restricted cash and short-term investments were restricted for use in connection with the construction of the Hereford facility.
     From the date of our inception (November 1, 2004) through June 30, 2007, we incurred an accumulated net loss of $31.0 million. We believe we will incur significant losses primarily related to development and administrative expenses, and interest expense on debt, until we successfully complete construction and commence operations of our initial ethanol production facility.
     Our Hereford facility commenced site preparation in February 2006 and construction in August 2006. Lurgi, Inc. (“Lurgi”) designed, engineered and is constructing the Hereford facility. The total

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commitment under the contract with Lurgi is approximately $161.4 million. Energy Products of Idaho, Inc. (“EPI”) has agreed to design and supply the biomass handling and conversion equipment for the Hereford facility. The total commitment under the contract with EPI is approximately $25.6 million. The total estimated cost of the Hereford facility, including interest during construction, initial inventories, working capital and debt service reserves, has been estimated at approximately $271 million. We believe the existing financing for the Hereford facility is adequate for the completion of the construction of the facility; however, there can be no assurance that such financing will in fact be adequate.
     On August 9, 2007, in response to tightening equity and credit markets and upon the advice of management, our Board of Directors approved a new organizational plan designed to streamline costs and enable us to focus on the construction and subsequent operation of the Hereford facility.
     In connection with the new organizational plan, we will continue to manage our other ethanol projects, but will limit our development activities and costs on such other ethanol projects at least until the ethanol markets improve and/or the Hereford project entities begin to make cash distributions to us. Accordingly the timing, costs and ultimate completion of the Yuma, Colorado, Haskell, Kansas and other projects are not known at this time. We continue to seek financing for the Yuma project.
     To finance our ongoing working capital needs through the date the Hereford project entities begin to make cash distributions to Panda Ethanol, we anticipate that we will need to secure additional financing in the range of $1 to $5 million. While we expect to be able to secure such financing and are currently seeking such additional financing, there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain such financing on terms acceptable to us.
     Additionally, to finance our development activities, we will need to incur additional indebtedness, issue additional securities and/or sell interests in or form partnerships or joint ventures to develop our specific projects. Any such transactions may be consummated by Panda Ethanol or by the particular subsidiaries of Panda Ethanol that own and are developing the specific ethanol projects. Any such dispositions of interests in the specific projects may result in a deconsolidation of these project subsidiaries from our consolidated financial results and may result in a material decrease in our interest in, and control over, such projects.
     In addition to funds raised through the issuance of additional securities of Panda Ethanol, amounts necessary to finance other projects may be obtained through other transactions such as the sale of interests in the particular projects or the formation of partnerships or joint ventures to finance any remaining development costs for these projects. It is currently contemplated that these co-investors, partners or venture partners would generally be industry participants that have an interest in developing ethanol or have had prior involvement in the production and development of ethanol-related projects. Any sale of ownership interests in a project could have an adverse effect on our consolidated financial results and on our ability to control the operations relating to these projects.
     No assurance can be given that any such financings, sales of interests or securities, or formations of strategic partnerships may be consummated or that we will be able to obtain the necessary amounts to fund these development costs and capital needs. Additionally, these transactions may have an adverse impact on our ongoing business operations and consolidated financial results. There is no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to develop, construct and operate one or more ethanol plants. Even if we successfully meet all of these objectives and begin operations, there is no assurance that we will be able to operate profitably.
Hereford Facility Project Financing
     On July 28, 2006, Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P. closed three debt financing transactions, the proceeds of which are being used to finance the construction of the Hereford facility and provide certain working capital for the project. The debt transactions include a $158.1 million senior secured credit

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facility, or senior debt, a $30.0 million subordinated secured credit facility, or subordinated debt, and $50.0 million of tax-exempt bonds. The senior debt includes a letter of credit facility which supports the tax-exempt bonds; accordingly, the total borrowing capacity under the three debt transactions is $188.1 million. The debt financing transactions are more fully discussed in Note 5 to the audited financial statements contained in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006. Additional information as of June 30, 2007 is provided in Note 5 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
Contractual Commitments
     There have been no material changes as of June 30, 2007 to our contractual commitments as disclosed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, other than in the normal course of business.
Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
     As discussed in Note 3 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, the Company has entered into certain equipment lease transactions. The total payments over the terms of these leases will be approximately $2.8 million. There are no other off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
     Some of the information below contains forward-looking statements. The primary objective of the following information is to provide forward-looking quantitative and qualitative information about the Company’s potential exposure to market risks. The term “market risk” refers to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in commodity prices and interest rates charged on borrowings. The disclosure is not meant to be a precise indicator of expected future losses, but rather a reasonable indicator of possible losses. This forward-looking information provides an indicator of how we view and manage our ongoing market risk exposures.
     We are a development stage company and are not presently conducting operations as an ethanol producer. We are currently only subject to interest rate risk based on the interest rates charged on the borrowings of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P. If and when we begin operations, we will also be exposed to the impact of market fluctuations associated with commodity prices as discussed below. We currently do not have exposure to foreign currency risk.
Interest Rate Risk
     Our exposure to interest rates primarily relates to borrowings by Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P. under the senior debt and the tax-exempt bonds. The interest rate is fixed on the subordinated debt.
     Interest on the senior debt is payable at a variable rate based upon LIBOR as more fully described in Note 5 to our audited financial statements contained in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006. On August 28, 2006, Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P. entered into an interest rate swap agreement to hedge its interest rate exposure on approximately 100% of the projected term loan balance outstanding during the construction period and lesser amounts after commercial operations commence. Under the swap agreement, on a quarterly basis we pay a fixed rate of approximately 5.2% and receive a variable rate based upon LIBOR. Including the pre-completion margin of 3.75%, the

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Company’s total interest rate on the term loan is effectively fixed at approximately 9.0% during construction via the swap agreement.
     Interest on the tax-exempt bonds is payable at a variable rate which is reset periodically based upon market rates. A 1% change in interest rates would affect interest cost on the tax-exempt bonds by approximately $0.5 million per year based on the $50.0 million outstanding balance of the tax-exempt bonds.
Commodity Price Risk
     We expect to produce ethanol from corn, and our business will be sensitive to changes in the price of corn. The price of corn is subject to fluctuations due to unpredictable factors such as weather, total corn planted and harvested acreage, changes in national and global supply and demand, and government programs and policies. We also expect to use natural gas in the ethanol production process at some of our facilities, and our business will be sensitive to changes in the price of natural gas. The price of natural gas is influenced by such weather factors as extreme heat or cold in the summer and winter, in addition to the threat of hurricanes in the spring, summer and fall. Other natural gas price factors include the U.S. domestic onshore and offshore rig count and the amount of U.S. natural gas in underground storage during both the injection and withdrawal seasons.
     We anticipate that we will attempt to reduce the market risk associated with fluctuations in the price of corn and natural gas in addition to the price of ethanol by employing a variety of risk management strategies.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
     We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and we necessarily are required to apply our judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.
     Our management, together with our disclosure committee, evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Chief Accounting Officer, together with our disclosure committee, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2007.
     Based upon this evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2007 at the reasonable assurance level.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
     There were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
     At the end of fiscal 2007, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will require our management to provide an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and our

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independent registered public accountants will be required to audit the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We are in the process of performing the system and process documentation, evaluation and testing required for management to make this assessment and for our independent registered public accountants to provide their attestation report. We have not completed this process or our assessment, and this process will require significant amounts of management time and resources. In the course of evaluation and testing, management may identify deficiencies, including possible material weaknesses, that will need to be addressed and remediated.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Risks Related to our Company as a Development-Stage Company
Certain of our managers, officers and employees may have other business and management responsibilities which may cause conflicts of interest in the allocation of their time and services to our Company.
     Our managers and officers may have other management responsibilities and business interests apart from our ethanol projects for an interim or extended period of time. Until approximately October 1, 2006, most of our managers, officers and individuals who perform services related to our operations, management, marketing, project management, logistics and administration were employed by Panda Energy and its affiliates and were subject to a transition services agreement between Panda Ethanol and Panda Energy. After October 1, 2006, all of these managers, officers and individuals became employees of Panda Ethanol but some personnel continued to provide services under the same transition services agreement, which expired on June 30, 2007. An immaterial amount of services continued to be provided after the expiration of the transition services agreement. In connection with the new organizational plan announced on August 15, 2007, and after a transition period not to exceed two months, five executive officers and a number of additional development and administrative employees are expected to leave the Company and join Panda Energy. It is anticipated that these departing officers and employees would be available to provide services to the Company under the terms of a confidentiality and services arrangement to be entered into by the Company and Panda Energy, or their subsidiaries. Accordingly, certain of our managers, officers and employees may experience conflicts of interest in allocating their time and services between us, Panda Energy and its affiliates. Many members of our management and individuals at Panda Energy who may be providing management and other services to us own stock or options in Panda Energy and certain members of management and individuals at Panda Energy who may be providing management and other services to us have outstanding loans to Panda Energy. Such conflicts may compromise such managers’, officers’ and individuals’ performance and efficacy in performing the necessary tasks and functions to our start-up business and ultimately have a material adverse effect on our business.
Item 6. Exhibits.
  (a)   Exhibits
     
Exhibit    
Number   Description
2.1
  Agreement and Plan of Merger dated May 18, 2006, by and among Cirracor, Panda Ethanol, Inc., and Grove Panda Investments, LLC, filed as Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
2.2
  First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger dated June 7, 2006, by and among Cirracor, Panda Ethanol, Inc., and Grove Panda Investments, LLC, filed as Exhibit 2.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
3.1
  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
3.2
  Amended and Restated Bylaws of Panda Ethanol, Inc., filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.1
  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.2
  Amended and Restated Bylaws of Panda Ethanol, Inc., filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.3
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2006, by and among Panda Ethanol, Inc., Panda Energy International, Inc. and the purchasers named therein, filed as Exhibit 4.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.

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Exhibit    
Number   Description
4.4
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 6, 2006, by and among Panda Ethanol, Inc. and Grove Panda Investments, LLC, filed as Exhibit 4.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.5
  First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement as of November 13, 2006, among Panda Ethanol, Inc., Panda Energy International, Inc. and the several purchasers signatory therein, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 17, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.6
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2006, by and among Panda Ethanol, Inc., Panda Energy International, Inc. and the several purchasers signatory thereto, filed as Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 4, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
10.1
  Letter Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2007, by and between Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P. and Société Générale, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 4, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
10.2
  First Change Order to Turnkey Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement for Ethanol Production Facility, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 6, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
10.3
  First Amendment to Financing Agreement and Depositary and Disbursement Agreement, dated as of June 15, 2007, by and among Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P., Société Générale and the lenders named therein, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 18, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
31.1
  Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
 
   
31.2
  Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
 
   
32.1
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
32.2
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

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SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
         
 
  PANDA ETHANOL, INC.    
 
       
Date: August 20, 2007
  /s/ Michael Trentel
 
Michael Trentel, Chief Financial Officer
   
 
  (Principal financial officer duly authorized to sign on behalf of Registrant)    

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EXHIBIT INDEX
     
Exhibit    
Number   Description
2.1
  Agreement and Plan of Merger dated May 18, 2006, by and among Cirracor, Panda Ethanol, Inc., and Grove Panda Investments, LLC, filed as Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
2.2
  First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger dated June 7, 2006, by and among Cirracor, Panda Ethanol, Inc., and Grove Panda Investments, LLC, filed as Exhibit 2.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
3.1
  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
3.2
  Amended and Restated Bylaws of Panda Ethanol, Inc., filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.1
  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.2
  Amended and Restated Bylaws of Panda Ethanol, Inc., filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.3
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2006, by and among Panda Ethanol, Inc., Panda Energy International, Inc. and the purchasers named therein, filed as Exhibit 4.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.4
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 6, 2006, by and among Panda Ethanol, Inc. and Grove Panda Investments, LLC, filed as Exhibit 4.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 13, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.5
  First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement as of November 13, 2006, among Panda Ethanol, Inc., Panda Energy International, Inc. and the several purchasers signatory therein, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on November 17, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
4.6
  Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2006, by and among Panda Ethanol, Inc., Panda Energy International, Inc. and the several purchasers signatory thereto, filed as Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on December 4, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
10.1
  Letter Agreement, dated as of May 29, 2007, by and between Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P. and Société Générale, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 4, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
10.2
  First Change Order to Turnkey Engineering, Procurement and Construction Agreement for Ethanol Production Facility, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 6, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
10.3
  First Amendment to Financing Agreement and Depositary and Disbursement Agreement, dated as of June 15, 2007, by and among Panda Hereford Ethanol, L.P., Société Générale and the lenders named therein, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 18, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
 
   
31.1
  Certification of Principal Executive Officer.
 
   
31.2
  Certification of Principal Financial Officer.
 
   
32.1
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
   
32.2
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.