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Debt
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt Debt
 
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(In millions)
 
Principal Balance
 
Carrying Value
 
Principal Balance
 
Carrying Value
ABL facility
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Term loan facility
 
2,003

 
1,969

 
1,503

 
1,474

6.125% Senior Notes due 2023
 
535

 
530

 
535

 
529

6.50% Senior Notes due 2022
 
1,200

 
1,192

 
1,200

 
1,190

6.70% Senior Debentures due 2034
 
300

 
208

 
300

 
205

6.75% Senior notes due 2024
 
1,000

 
987

 

 

Trade securitization program
 

 

 
283

 
281

Unsecured credit facility
 

 

 
250

 
246

Finance leases, asset financing and other
 
380

 
380

 
344

 
344

Total debt
 
5,418

 
5,266

 
4,415

 
4,269

Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt
 
84

 
84

 
371

 
367

Long-term debt
 
$
5,334

 
$
5,182

 
$
4,044

 
$
3,902


The fair value of our debt and classification in the fair value hierarchy was as follows:
(In millions)
 
Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
December 31, 2019
 
$
5,580

 
$
3,190

 
$
2,390

December 31, 2018
 
4,305

 
2,020

 
2,285


We valued Level 1 debt using quoted prices in active markets. We valued Level 2 debt using bid evaluation pricing models or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. The fair value of the asset financing arrangements approximates carrying value as the debt is primarily issued at a floating rate, the debt may be prepaid at any time at par without penalty, and the remaining life of the debt is short-term in nature.
Our principal payment obligations on debt (excluding finance leases) for the next five years and thereafter was as follows:
(In millions)
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
2024
 
Thereafter
Principal payments on debt
 
$
26

 
$
3

 
$
1,201

 
$
536

 
$
1,001

 
$
2,305


ABL Facility
In 2015, we entered into a revolving loan credit agreement (the “ABL Facility”) that provided commitments of up to $1.0 billion with a maturity date of October 30, 2020. In April 2019, we amended the ABL Facility including: (i) increasing the commitments to $1.1 billion, (ii) extending the maturity date to April 30, 2024, subject to springing maturity if some of our senior notes reach specified levels set in the credit agreement and (iii) reducing the interest rate margin. We can issue up to $350 million of letters of credit and up to $50 million for swing line loans under the ABL Facility.
Our availability under the ABL Facility is equal to the borrowing base less advances and outstanding letters of credit. Our borrowing base includes a fixed percentage of: (i) our eligible U.S. and Canadian accounts receivable; plus (ii) any of our eligible U.S. and Canadian rolling stock and equipment. A maximum of 20% of our borrowing base can be equipment and rolling stock in the aggregate. As of December 31, 2019, our borrowing base was $927 million and our availability was $713 million, after considering outstanding letters of credit of $214 million. As of December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with the ABL Facility’s financial covenants.
Our loans under the ABL Facility bear interest at a rate equal to: (i) London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or base rate plus an applicable margin of 1.25% to 1.50%, for LIBOR loans, and (ii) 0.25% to 0.50%, for base rate loans. As of December 31, 2018, the interest rate margins were 1.50% to 2.00% for LIBOR loans and 0.50% to 1.00% for base rate loans.
The ABL Facility is secured on a first lien basis by the assets of the credit parties as priority collateral and on a second lien basis by certain other assets. The priority collateral consists primarily of our U.S. and Canadian accounts receivable and any of our U.S. and Canadian rolling stock and equipment included in our borrowing base. The ABL Facility contains representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for agreements of this nature.
The covenants in the ABL Facility can limit our ability to: incur indebtedness; grant liens; engage in certain mergers, consolidations, acquisitions and dispositions; make certain investments and restricted payments; and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. We may also be required to maintain a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the ABL Facility) of not less than 1.00 if availability under the ABL Facility is below certain thresholds. As of December 31, 2019, we were compliant with this financial covenant.
Term Loan Facility
In 2015, we entered into a Term Loan Credit Agreement that provided for a single borrowing of $1.6 billion. The Term Loan Credit Agreement was issued at an original issue discount of $32 million. We have amended the Term Loan Credit Agreement to include the execution of a new tranche of loans in 2019, to reduce the interest rates and to extend the maturity dates. As of December 31, the applicable terms of the Term Loan Credit Agreement, as amended, were as follows:
(In millions)
 
2019
 
2018
Commitment:
 
 
 
 
Facility
 
$
1,503

 
$
1,503

Incremental loans
 
500

 
N/A

Interest rate:
 
 
 
 
Facility
 
 
 
 
Base rate loans
 
1.00
%
 
1.00
%
LIBOR loans
 
2.00
%
 
2.00
%
Incremental loans
 
 
 
 
Base rate loans
 
1.50
%
 
N/A

LIBOR loans
 
2.50
%
 
N/A

Maturity date
 
February 23, 2025

 
February 23, 2025


Proceeds from the new tranche of loans were used for general corporate purposes, including funding purchases of our common stock as described in Note 14—Stockholders’ Equity. The interest rates on the term loans and incremental term loans were 3.80% and 4.24%, respectively, as of December 31, 2019.
In February 2018, we refinanced our term loans by replacing the outstanding $1,494 million principal amount of term loans (the “Current Term Loans”) with $1,503 million in aggregate principal amount of new term loans (the “Present Term Loans”). Our Present Term Loans have substantially similar terms as our Current Term Loans, except for the interest rate and maturity date, prepayment premiums and some other amendments to the restrictive covenants. We used the proceeds from the Present Term Loans to refinance the Current Term Loans and to pay interest, fees and expenses in connection with this refinancing. We recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $10 million in 2018 due to this refinancing.
In March 2017, we refinanced our term loans by replacing the outstanding $1,482 million principal amount of term loans (the “Existing Term Loans”) with $1,494 million in aggregate principal amount of Current Term Loans. Our Current Term Loans have substantially similar terms as our Existing Term Loans, other than the interest rate and prepayment premiums. We used the proceeds from the Current Term Loans primarily to refinance the Existing Term
Loans and to pay interest, fees and expenses in connection with this refinancing. We recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $8 million in 2017 due to this refinancing.
We must prepay an aggregate principal amount of the term loan facility equal to (a) 50% of any Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the agreement, for the most recent fiscal year ended, minus (b) the sum of (i) all voluntary prepayments of loans during the fiscal year and (ii) all voluntary prepayments of loans under the ABL Facility or any other revolving credit facilities during the fiscal year if accompanied by a corresponding permanent reduction in the commitments under the credit agreement or any other revolving credit facilities in the case of each of the immediately preceding clauses (i) and (ii), if such prepayments are funded with internally generated cash flow, as defined in the agreement. If our Consolidated Secured Net Leverage Ratio, as defined in the agreement, for the fiscal year was less than or equal to 3.00:1.00 and greater than 2.50:1.00, the Excess Cash Flow percentage will be 25%. If our Consolidated Secured Net Leverage Ratio for the fiscal year was less than or equal to 2.50:1.00, the Excess Cash Flow percentage will be 0%. The remaining principal is due at maturity. As of December 31, 2019, our Consolidated Secured Net Leverage Ratio was less than 2.50:1.00; and no excess cash payment was required.
Senior Notes
In February 2019, we completed our private placement of $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior notes (“Senior Notes due 2024”). We used the proceeds from the Senior Notes due 2024 to repay our outstanding obligation under the Unsecured Credit Facility described below and to finance a portion of our share repurchases described in Note 14—Stockholders’ Equity.
In July 2018, we redeemed $400 million of the then $1.6 billion outstanding senior notes due June 2022 (the “Senior Notes due 2022”) that were originally issued in 2015. The redemption price for the Senior Notes due 2022 was 103.25% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We paid for the redemption primarily with funds from the settlement of our forward sale agreements, described in Note 14—Stockholders’ Equity. We recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $17 million in 2018 due to this redemption.
In December 2017, we redeemed our outstanding senior notes due June 2021 (the “Senior Notes due 2021”) that were originally issued in 2015. The redemption price for the Senior Notes due 2021 was 102.875% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We paid for the redemption with cash on hand. We recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $23 million in 2017 due to this redemption.
In August 2017, we redeemed our outstanding 7.25% senior notes due 2018 (“Senior Notes due 2018”), that had been assumed in connection with our 2015 acquisition of Con-way Inc. (“Con-way”). The redemption price for the Senior Notes due 2018 was 102.168% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We paid for the redemption with cash on hand. We recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $5 million in 2017 due to this redemption.
The senior notes bear interest payable semiannually, in cash in arrears. The Senior Notes due 2024 mature on August 15, 2024, the senior notes due September 2023 mature on September 1, 2023 and the Senior Notes due 2022 mature on June 15, 2022.
The senior notes are guaranteed by each of our direct and indirect wholly-owned restricted subsidiaries (other than some excluded subsidiaries) that are obligors under, or guarantee obligations under, our ABL Facility (or certain of its replacements) or guarantee certain of our capital markets indebtedness or any guarantor of the senior notes. The senior notes and its guarantees are unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness for us and our guarantors. The senior notes contain covenants customary for notes of this nature.
Senior Debentures
We assumed Con-way’s 6.70% Senior Debentures due 2034 (the “Senior Debentures”) with an aggregate principal amount of $300 million when we acquired Con-way. The Senior Debentures bear interest payable semiannually, in cash in arrears, and mature on May 1, 2034. Including amortization of the fair value adjustment recorded on the acquisition date, interest expense on the Senior Debentures is recognized at an annual effective interest rate of 10.96%.
Convertible Senior Notes
We issued approximately three million shares of our common stock to some holders of our convertible senior notes as part of their conversion in 2017. The conversions were allocated to long-term debt and equity in the amounts of $49 million and $50 million, respectively. Some of these transactions represented induced conversions and we paid the holder a market-based premium in cash. Interest expense reflected the negotiated market-based premiums in addition to the difference between the current fair value and the book value of the convertible senior notes.
Trade Securitization Program
In 2017, XPO Logistics Europe entered into a European trade receivables securitization program for a term of three years. Under the terms of this program, XPO Logistics Europe, or one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in the United Kingdom or France, sold trade receivables to XPO Collections Designated Activity Company Limited (“XCDAL”), a wholly-owned bankruptcy remote special purpose entity of XPO Logistics Europe. The receivables were funded by senior variable funding notes in the same currency as the corresponding receivables. XCDAL was considered a variable interest entity and was consolidated by XPO Logistics Europe based on its control of the entity’s activities. The receivables balance under this program were reported as Accounts receivable on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related notes were included in our Long-term debt.
In July 2019, XPO Logistics Europe terminated this trade receivables securitization program and entered into a new trade receivables securitization program for a term of three years. In connection with the termination of the prior program, XPO Logistics Europe paid off all of the notes which had been included in our debt balances. Under the new program, all receivable transfers have been accounted for as sales. For additional information, see Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies.
Unsecured Credit Facility
In December 2018, we entered into a $500 million unsecured credit facility (“Unsecured Credit Facility”). As of December 31, 2018, we had borrowed $250 million. We borrowed an additional $250 million in January 2019. We used the proceeds of both borrowings to finance a portion of our share repurchases described in Note 14—Stockholders’ Equity. In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes due 2024 described above, we repaid our outstanding obligations under the Unsecured Credit Facility and terminated it in February 2019. We recorded a debt extinguishment loss of $5 million in 2019 in connection with this repayment.
Asset Financing
We use unsecured asset financing arrangements to purchase trucks in Europe. These financing arrangements are denominated in EUR, generally with floating interest rates. As of December 31, 2019, interest rates on asset financing range from 0.85% to 1.22%, with a weighted average interest rate of 1.06%, and initial terms range from five years to 10 years.