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Fair value measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities measured on recurring basis
    Billions of yen  
  March 31, 2018  
  Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Counterparty
and

Cash Collateral
Netting(1)
    Balance as of
March 31, 2018
 

Assets:

         

Trading assets and private equity investments(2)

         

Equities(3)

  ¥ 1,741     ¥ 907     ¥ 21     ¥ —       ¥ 2,669  

Private equity investments(3)

    —         3       3       —         6  

Japanese government securities

    2,205       —         —         —         2,205  

Japanese agency and municipal securities

    —         188       1       —         189  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    2,980       1,234       6       —         4,220  

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

    —         1,186       139       —         1,325  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)

    —         2       2       —         4  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

    —         2,803       0       —         2,803  

Real estate-backed securities

    —         —         63       —         63  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other(4)

    —         62       24       —         86  

Investment trust funds and other

    271       67       1       —         339  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading assets and private equity investments

    7,197       6,452       260       —         13,909  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivative assets(5)(13)

         

Equity contracts

    2       973       36       —         1,011  

Interest rate contracts

    16       8,009       71       —         8,096  

Credit contracts

    0       498       17       —         515  

Foreign exchange contracts

    0       5,447       48       —         5,495  

Commodity contracts

    1       0       —         —         1  

Netting

    —               —         (14,094     (14,094
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivative assets

    19       14,927       172       (14,094     1,024  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

  ¥ 7,216     ¥ 21,379     ¥ 432     ¥ (14,094   ¥ 14,933  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans and receivables(6)

    —         484       70       —         554  

Collateralized agreements(7)

    —         1,181       5       —         1,186  

Other assets

         

Non-trading debt securities

    133       353       —         —         486  

Other(2)(3)

    463       15       169       —         647  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 7,812     ¥ 23,412     ¥ 676      ¥ (14,094   ¥ 17,806  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

         

Trading liabilities

         

Equities

  ¥ 1,146     ¥ 191     ¥ 1     ¥ —       ¥ 1,338  

Japanese government securities

    2,263       —         —         —         2,263  

Japanese agency and municipal securities

    —         1       —         —         1  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    2,786       590       —         —         3,376  

Bank and corporate debt securities

    —         391       0       —         391  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

    —         1       —         —         1  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other(4)

    —         3       0       —         3  

Investment trust funds and other

    71       25       0       —         96  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading liabilities

    6,266       1,202       1       —         7,469  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivative liabilities(5)(13)

         

Equity contracts

    1       1,080       37       —         1,118  

Interest rate contracts

    9       7,427       124       —         7,560  

Credit contracts

    0       410       15       —         425  

Foreign exchange contracts

    0       5,066       21       —         5,087  

Commodity contracts

    1       0       —         —         1  

Netting

    —         —         —         (13,457     (13,457
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivative liabilities

    11       13,983       197       (13,457     734  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

  ¥ 6,277     ¥ 15,185     ¥ 198     ¥ (13,457   ¥ 8,203  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings(8)

  ¥ —       ¥ 355     ¥ 17     ¥ —       ¥ 372  

Payables and deposits(9)

    —         0       (1     —         (1

Collateralized financing(7)

    —         566       3       —         569  

Long-term borrowings(8)(10)(11)

    18       2,403       429       —         2,850  

Other liabilities(12)

    293       33       1       —         327  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 6,588     ¥ 18,542     ¥  647     ¥ (13,457   ¥ 12,320  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

    Billions of yen  
  March 31, 2019  
  Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Counterparty
and

Cash Collateral
Netting(1)
    Balance as of
March 31, 2019
 

Assets:

         

Trading assets and private equity investments(2)

         

Equities(3)

  ¥ 1,392     ¥ 1,065     ¥ 13     ¥ —       ¥ 2,470  

Private equity investments(3)

    —         —         26       —         26  

Japanese government securities

    1,987       —         —         —         1,987  

Japanese agency and municipal securities

    —         214       1       —         215  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    2,650       1,544       5       —         4,199  

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

    —         1,128       160       —         1,288  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)

    —         1       2       —         3  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

    —         2,761       3       —         2,764  

Real estate-backed securities

    —         —         69        —         69  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other(4)

    —         55       19       —         74  

Investment trust funds and other

    349       53       1       —         403  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading assets and private equity investments

    6,378       6,821       299       —         13,498  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivative assets(5)

         

Equity contracts

    1       806       44       —         851  

Interest rate contracts

    12       8,610       10       —         8,632  

Credit contracts

    2       500       31       —         533  

Foreign exchange contracts

    0       4,870       42       —         4,912  

Commodity contracts

    1       0       —         —         1  

Netting

    —         —         —         (14,077     (14,077
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivative assets

    16       14,786       127       (14,077     852  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

  ¥ 6,394     ¥ 21,607     ¥ 426     ¥ (14,077   ¥ 14,350  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans and receivables(6)

    —         544       129       —         673  

Collateralized agreements(7)

    —         615       33       —         648  

Other assets

         

Non-trading debt securities

    138       323       —         —         461  

Other(2)(3)

    416       10       166       —         592  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    ¥6,948     ¥ 23,099     ¥ 754     ¥ (14,077   ¥ 16,724  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

         

Trading liabilities

         

Equities

  ¥ 1,622     ¥ 198     ¥ 0     ¥ —       ¥ 1,820  

Japanese government securities

    1,264       —         —         —         1,264  

Japanese agency and municipal securities

    —         3       —         —         3  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    2,906       927       0       —         3,833  

Bank and corporate debt securities

    —         319       0       —         319  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

    —         0       —         —         0  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other(4)

    —         3       —         —         3  

Investment trust funds and other

    121       42       —         —         163  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading liabilities

    5,913       1,492       0       —         7,405  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivative liabilities(5)

         

Equity contracts

    1       867       52       —         920  

Interest rate contracts

    6       8,228       64       —         8,298  

Credit contracts

    3       422       39       —         464  

Foreign exchange contracts

    —         4,820       22       —         4,842  

Commodity contracts

    1       0       0       —         1  

Netting

    —         —         —         (13,710     (13,710
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivative liabilities

    11       14,337       177       (13,710     815  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

    ¥5,924     ¥ 15,829     ¥ 177     ¥ (13,710   ¥ 8,220  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings(8)

  ¥ —       ¥ 332     ¥ 31     ¥ —       ¥ 363  

Payables and deposits(9)

    —         0       0       —         0  

Collateralized financing(7)

    —         291       —         —         291  

Long-term borrowings(8)(10)(11)

    11       3,024       535       —         3,570  

Other liabilities(12)

    276       22       0       —         298  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

    ¥6,211     ¥ 19,498     ¥ 743     ¥ (13,710   ¥ 12,742  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Represents the amount offset under counterparty netting of derivative assets and liabilities as well as cash collateral netting against net derivatives.

(2)

Certain investments that are measured at fair value using net asset value per share as a practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. As of March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2019, the fair values of these investments which are included in Trading assets and private equity investments were ¥47 billion and ¥36 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2019, the fair values of these investments which are included in Other assets—Others were ¥2 billion and ¥2 billion, respectively.

(3)

Includes equity investments that would have been accounted for under the equity method had Nomura not chosen to elect the fair value option.

(4)

Includes collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and asset-backed securities (“ABS”) such as those secured on credit card loans, auto loans and student loans.

(5)

Each derivative classification includes derivatives with multiple risk underlyings. For example, interest rate contracts include complex derivatives referencing interest rate risk as well as foreign exchange risk or other factors such as prepayment rates. Credit contracts include credit default swaps as well as derivatives referencing corporate and government debt securities.

(6)

Includes loans for which the fair value option has been elected.

(7)

Includes collateralized agreements or collateralized financing for which the fair value option has been elected.

(8)

Includes structured notes for which the fair value option has been elected.

(9)

Includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from deposits received at banks. If unrealized gains are greater than unrealized losses, deposits are reduced by the excess amount.

(10)

Includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from issued structured notes. If unrealized gains are greater than unrealized losses, borrowings are reduced by the excess amount.

(11)

Includes liabilities recognized from secured financing transactions that are accounted for as financings rather than sales. Nomura elected the fair value option for these liabilities.

(12)

Includes loan commitments for which the fair value option has been elected.

(13)

Due to the changes in our accounting policy which Nomura adopted on April 1, 2018, certain reclassifications of previously reported amounts have been made to conform to the current year presentation. Please refer to Note 1. “Summary of accounting policies” for further details.

Schedule of quantitative and qualitative information regarding significant unobservable inputs and assumptions for certain level 3 financial instruments
   

March 31, 2018

Financial Instrument

 

Fair
value in
billions of
yen

 

Valuation

technique

 

Significant

unobservable
valuation input

 

Range of

valuation
inputs(1)

 

Weighted

Average(2)

 

Impact of
increases in
significant
unobservable
valuation
inputs(3)(4)

 

Interrelationships
between valuation
inputs(5)

Assets:

             

Trading assets and private equity investments

             

Equities

  ¥      21    DCF   Liquidity discounts   27.5 – 75.0%   68.3%   Lower fair value   Not applicable
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

 

        6 

 

DCF

 

Credit spreads

 

0.0 – 6.7%

 

0.8%

 

Lower fair value

 

Not applicable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

 

     139 

 

DCF

 

Credit spreads

Recovery rates

 

0.1 – 19.6%

0.0 – 98.0%

 

4.1%
74.7%

 

Lower fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage- backed securities (“CMBS”)

 

          2 

 

DCF

 

Yields

 

6.6 – 8.9%

 

7.7%

 

Lower fair value

 

Not applicable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate-backed securities

 

        63 

 

DCF

 

Yields

Loss severities

 

6.2 – 23.9%

0.0 – 70.8%

 

16.3%
8.1%

 

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

 

        24 

 

DCF

 

Yields

Prepayment rates

Default probabilities

Loss severities

 

6.0 – 24.0%

20.0%

1.0 – 2.0%

40.0 – 100.0%

 

13.1%
20.0%
2.0%
91.6%

 

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

 

Change in default probabilities typically accompanied by directionally similar change in loss severities and opposite change in prepayment rates

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives, net:

             

Equity contracts

 

¥       (1)

 

Option models

 

Dividend yield Volatilities
Correlations

 

0.0 – 11.5% 7.3 – 64.0% (0.84) – 0.95

 

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate contracts

 

       (53)

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Interest rates

Volatilities

Volatilities

Correlations

 

0.2 – 3.0%

11.2 – 15.7% 28.0 – 71.2 bp (0.67) – 0.98

 

—  

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Credit contracts

 

          2 

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Credit spreads

Recovery rates

Volatilities

Correlations

 

0.0 – 122.1% 0.0 – 90.0% 35.0 – 83.0% 0.34 – 0.82

 

—  

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange contracts

 

        27 

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Interest rates

Volatilities

Volatilities

Correlations

 

0.2 – 2.6%

2.4 – 23.7%

237.0 – 280.0 bp

(0.25) – 0.80

 

—  

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and receivables

          70    DCF   Credit spreads   0.0 – 9.5%   4.0%   Lower fair value   Not applicable
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized agreements

            5    DCF   Repo rate   3.5%   3.5%   Lower fair value   Not applicable
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other assets

             

Other(6)

        169    DCF  

WACC

Growth rates Liquidity discounts

 

11.4%

2.5%

10.0%

 

11.4%

2.5%

10.0%

 

Lower fair value

Higher fair value

Lower fair value

  No predictable interrelationship
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Market multiples  

EV/EBITDA ratios
PE ratios

Price/Book ratios Liquidity discounts

 

3.3 – 7.8 x

7.5 – 126.4 x

0.0 – 2.2 x

10.0 – 30.0%

 

5.7 x

23.0 x

0.6 x

29.0%

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Lower fair value

  Generally changes in multiples results in a corresponding similar directional change in a fair value measurement, assuming earnings levels remain constant.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

             

Short-term borrowings

 

        17 

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Volatilities

Correlations

 

7.3 – 50.9% (0.84) – 0.95

 

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable

interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized financing

 

          3 

 

DCF

 

Repo rate

 

3.5%

 

3.5%

 

Lower fair value

 

Not applicable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term borrowings

 

      429 

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Volatilities

Volatilities

Correlations

 

7.3 – 50.9% 33.5 – 62.3 bp (0.84) – 0.98

 

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable

interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

March 31, 2019

Financial Instrument

 

Fair
value in
billions of
yen

 

Valuation

technique

 

Significant

unobservable
valuation input

 

Range of

valuation
inputs(1)

 

Weighted

Average(2)

 

Impact of
increases in
significant
unobservable
valuation
inputs(3)(4)

 

Interrelationships
between valuation
inputs(5)

Assets:

             

Trading assets and private equity investments

             

Equities

  ¥      13    DCF   Liquidity discounts   75.0%   75.0%   Lower fair value   Not applicable
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Private equity investments

          26    Market multiples   EV/EBITDA ratios  

7.7 x

 

7.7 x

 

Higher fair value

 

Not applicable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

 

          5 

 

DCF

 

Credit spreads

Recovery rates

 

0.0 – 9.1%

4.0 – 36.0%

 

0.6%

31.6%

 

Lower fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

 

      160 

 

DCF

 

Credit spreads

Recovery rates

 

0.0 – 15.0% 0.0 – 99.1%

 

4.1%

72.2%

 

Lower fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential mortgage backed securities (“RMBS”)

 

          3 

 

DCF

 

Yields

Prepayment rates

Loss severities

 

0.0 – 78.4%

6.5 – 15.0%

9.1 – 100.0%

 

13.2% 10.5% 81.1%

 

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Real estate-backed securities

 

        69 

 

DCF

 

Yields

Loss severities

 

5.5 – 19.7%

0.0 – 55.2%

 

12.5%

6.6%

 

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

 

        19 

 

DCF

 

Yields

Prepayment rates Default probabilities

Loss severities

 

2.7 – 19.0%

20.0%

1.0 – 2.0%

31.5 – 100.0%

 

13.1%

20.0%

2.0%

83.7%

 

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

Lower fair value

 

Change in default probabilities typically accompanied by directionally similar change in loss severities and opposite change in prepayment rates

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Derivatives, net:

             

Equity contracts

 

¥       (8)

 

Option models

 

Dividend yield Volatilities

Correlations

 

0.0 – 8.0%

6.7 – 74.2% (0.80) – 0.98

 

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest rate contracts

 

       (54)

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Interest rates

Volatilities

Volatilities

Correlations

 

0.0 – 2.4% 10.6 – 15.2% 24.2 – 66.8 bp (0.76) – 1.00

 

—  

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Credit contracts

 

       (8)

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Credit spreads

Recovery rates

Volatilities

Correlations

 

0.0 – 21.4% 0.0 – 100.6% 16.2 – 83.0% 0.27 – 0.75

 

—  

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign exchange contracts

 

        20 

 

Option models

 

Interest rates

Volatilities

Volatilities

Correlations

 

(0.4) – 2.4% 1.7 – 35.5% 209.0 – 245.0 bp (0.25) – 0.80

 

—  

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans and receivables

        129    DCF   Credit spreads   0.0 – 12.3%   3.6%   Lower fair value   Not applicable
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collateralized agreements

          33    DCF   Repo rate   3.5 – 8.4%   7.0%   Lower fair value   Not applicable
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other assets              

Other(6)

        166    DCF  

WACC

Growth rates

Liquidity discounts

 

10.2%

2.5%

10.0%

  10.2%
2.5%
10.0%
 

Lower fair value

Higher fair value

Lower fair value

  No predictable interrelationship
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

    Market multiples  

EV/EBITDA ratios

PE Ratios

Price/Book ratios

Liquidity discounts

  4.7 – 13.8 x 8.9 – 32.4 x 0.3 – 2.7 x 10.0 – 50.0%  

8.2 x

15.5 x

0.8 x
30.6%

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Lower fair value

  Generally changes in multiples results in a corresponding similar directional change in a fair value measurement, assuming earnings levels remain constant.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:              

Short-term borrowings

 

        31 

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Volatilities

Correlations

 

6.7 – 54.5% (0.75) – 0.91

 

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term borrowings

 

      535 

 

DCF/

Option models

 

Volatilities

Volatilities

Correlations

 

6.7 – 54.5% 32.5 – 60.9 bp (0.75) – 0.98

 

—  

—  

—  

 

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

Higher fair value

 

No predictable interrelationship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)

Range information is provided in percentages, coefficients and multiples and represents the highest and lowest level significant unobservable valuation input used to value that type of financial instrument. A wide dispersion in the range does not necessarily reflect increased uncertainty or subjectivity in the valuation input and is typically just a consequence of the different characteristics of the financial instruments themselves.

(2)

Weighted average information for non-derivative instruments is calculated by weighting each valuation input by the fair value of the financial instrument.

(3)

The above table only considers the impact of an increase in each significant unobservable valuation input on the fair value measurement of the financial instrument. However, a decrease in the significant unobservable valuation input would have the opposite effect on the fair value measurement of the financial instrument. For example, if an increase in a significant unobservable valuation input would result in a lower fair value measurement, a decrease in the significant unobservable valuation input would result in a higher fair value measurement.

(4)

The impact of an increase in the significant unobservable input on the fair value measurement for a derivative assumes Nomura is long risk to the input e.g., long volatility. Where Nomura is short such risk, the impact of an increase would have a converse effect on the fair value measurement of the derivative.

(5)

Consideration of the interrelationships between significant unobservable inputs is only relevant where more than one unobservable valuation input is used to determine the fair value measurement of the financial instrument.

(6)

Valuation technique(s) and unobservable valuation inputs in respect of equity securities reported within Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Increases and decreases of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis unrealized and realized gain/losses included in revenue
          Billions of yen  
          Year ended March 31, 2018  
    Balance
as of
April 1,
2017
    Total gains
(losses)
recognized
in net  revenue(1)
    Total gains
(losses)
recognized in
other
comprehensive
income
    Purchases
/ issues(2)
    Sales /
redemptions(2)
    Settlements     Foreign
exchange
movements
    Transfers
into
Level 3
    Transfers
out of
Level 3
    Balance
as of
March 31,
2018
 

Assets:

                   

Trading assets and private equity investments

                   

Equities

  ¥ 34     ¥ 1     ¥ —       ¥ 22     ¥ (36   ¥ —       ¥ (1   ¥ 8     ¥ (7   ¥ 21  

Private equity investments

    13       1       —         1       (9     —         1       0       (4     3  

Japanese agency and municipal securities

    1       0       —         —         0       —         —         —         —         1  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    3       1       —         79       (84     —         0       8       (1     6  

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

    108       13       —         152       (144     —         (6     33       (17     139  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)

    1       0       —         5       (2     —         0       —         (2     2  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

    0       0       —         1       (1     —         0       —         —         0  

Real estate-backed securities

    41       1       —         101       (78     —         (2     —         —         63  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

    27       (8     —         46       (45     —         (1     11       (6     24  

Investment trust funds and other

    0       0       —         42       (43     —         0       2       0       1  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading assets and private equity investments

    228       9       —         449       (442     —         (9     62       (37     260  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivatives, net(3)

                   

Equity contracts

    (6     2       —         —         —         (2     0       5       0       (1

Interest rate contracts

    (22     14       —         —         —         (7     1       (5     (34     (53

Credit contracts

    (10     (1     —         —         —         16       1       (4     0       2  

Foreign exchange contracts

    23       (3     —         —         —         6       (2     2       1       27  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivatives, net

    (15     12       —         —         —         13       0       (2     (33     (25
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

  ¥ 213     ¥ 21     ¥ —       ¥ 449     ¥ (442   ¥ 13     ¥ (9   ¥ 60     ¥ (70   ¥ 235  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans and receivables

  ¥ 66     ¥ (14   ¥ —       ¥ 33     ¥ (44   ¥ —       ¥ (4   ¥ 39     ¥ (6   ¥ 70  

Collateralized agreements

    5       0       —         —         —         —         0       —         —         5  

Other assets

                   

Other

    163       15       0       4       (6     —         (7     0       0       169  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 447     ¥ 22     ¥ 0     ¥ 486     ¥ (492   ¥ 13     ¥ (20   ¥ 99     ¥ (76   ¥ 479  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

                   

Trading liabilities

                   

Equities

  ¥ 1     ¥ 0     ¥ —       ¥ 3     ¥ (1   ¥ —       ¥ 0     ¥ 1     ¥ (3   ¥ 1  

Bank and corporate debt securities

    0       0       —         0       0       —         0       0       0       0  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

    1       0       —         1       (2     —         0       —         —         0  

Investment trust funds and other

    0       0       —         0       0       —         0       0       0       0  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading liabilities

  ¥ 2     ¥ 0     ¥ —       ¥ 4     ¥ (3   ¥ —       ¥ 0     ¥ 1     ¥ (3   ¥ 1  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

    70       0       0       89       (105     —         (1     1       (37     17  

Payables and deposits

    0       0       —         (1     0       —         —         —         —         (1

Collateralized financing

    3       —         —         3       (3     —         0       —         —         3  

Long-term borrowings

    410       13       4       258       (150     —         (1     56       (127     429  

Other liabilities

    1       1       —         1       0       —         0       0       0       1  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 486     ¥ 14     ¥ 4     ¥ 354     ¥ (261   ¥ —       ¥ (2   ¥ 58     ¥ (167   ¥ 450  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

          Billions of yen  
          Year ended March 31, 2019  
    Balance
as of
April 1,
2018
    Total gains
(losses)
recognized
in net  revenue(1)
    Total gains
(losses)
recognized in
other
comprehensive
income
    Purchases
/ issues(2)
    Sales /
redemptions(2)
    Settlements     Foreign
exchange
movements
    Transfers
into
Level 3
    Transfers
out of
Level 3
    Balance
as of
March 31,
2019
 

Assets:

                   

Trading assets and private equity investments

                   

Equities

  ¥ 21     ¥ (3   ¥ —       ¥ 5     ¥ (13   ¥ —       ¥ 1     ¥ 5     ¥ (3   ¥ 13  

Private equity investments

    3       (1     —         24       (2     —         0       2       —         26  

Japanese agency and municipal securities

    1       0       —         1       (1     —         —         —         —         1  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    6       0       —         15       (16     —         0       3       (3     5  

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

    139       8       —         99       (100     —         4       63       (53     160  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)

    2       0       —         1       (2     —         0       1       —         2  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

    0       0       —         9       0       —         0       —         (6     3  

Real estate-backed securities

    63       (2     —         217       (212     —         3       —         —         69  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

    24       4       —         56       (68     —         1       7       (5     19  

Investment trust funds and other

    1       0       —         4       (4     —         0       —         —         1  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading assets and private equity investments

    260       6       —         431       (418     —         9       81       (70     299  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivatives, net(3)

                   

Equity contracts

    (1     (2     —         —         —         (2     0       (7     4       (8

Interest rate contracts

    (53     (25     —         —         —         0       0       10       14       (54

Credit contracts

    2       (6     —         —         —         (4     0       (1     1       (8

Foreign exchange contracts

    27       (13     —         —         —         3       1       (1     3       20  

Commodity contracts

    —         0       —         —         —         0       0       —         —         0  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivatives, net

    (25     (46     —         —         —         (3     1       1       22       (50
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

  ¥ 235     ¥ (40   ¥ —       ¥ 431     ¥ (418   ¥ (3   ¥ 10     ¥ 82     ¥ (48   ¥ 249  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans and receivables

  ¥ 70     ¥ 0     ¥ —       ¥ 53     ¥ (27   ¥ —       ¥ 3     ¥ 37     ¥ (7   ¥ 129  

Collateralized agreements

    5       0       —         —         —         —         0       28       —         33  

Other assets

                   

Other

    169       (11     —         6       (3     —         5       0       —         166  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 479     ¥ (51   ¥ —       ¥ 490     ¥ (448   ¥ (3   ¥ 18     ¥ 147     ¥ (55   ¥ 577  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

                   

Trading liabilities

                   

Equities

  ¥ 1     ¥ 0     ¥ —       ¥ 20     ¥ (20   ¥ —       ¥ 0     ¥ 0     ¥ (1   ¥ 0  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

    —         0       —         1       (1     —         0       0       —         0  

Bank and corporate debt securities

    0       0       —         0       0       —         0       0       0       0  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

    0       0       —         0       0       —         0       —         —         —    

Investment trust funds and other

    0       0       —         0       0       —         0       0       0       —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading liabilities

  ¥ 1     ¥ 0     ¥ —       ¥ 21     ¥ (21   ¥ —       ¥ 0     ¥ 0     ¥ (1   ¥ 0  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

    17       (2     0       39       (27     —         0       25       (25     31  

Payables and deposits

    (1     (1     —         0       0       —         —         —         —         0  

Collateralized financing

    3       —         —         —         (3     —         0       —         —         —    

Long-term borrowings

    429       (23     2       194       (99     —         0       75       (85     535  

Other liabilities

    1       0       —         0       (1     —         0       0       —         0  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 450     ¥ (26   ¥  2      ¥ 254     ¥ (151   ¥ —       ¥ 0     ¥ 100     ¥ (111   ¥ 566  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes gains and losses reported primarily within Net gain on trading, Gain on private equity investments, and also within Gain on investments in equity securities, Revenue—Other and Non-interest expenses—Other, Interest and dividends and Interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.

(2)

Amounts reported in Purchases / issues include increases in trading liabilities while Sales / redemptions include decreases in trading liabilities.

(3)

Each derivative classification includes derivatives with multiple risk underlyings. For example, interest rate contracts include complex derivatives referencing interest rate risk as well as foreign exchange risk or other factors such as prepayment rates. Credit contracts include credit default swaps as well as derivatives referencing corporate and government debt securities.

Fair value, level 3 assets and liabilities measured on recurring basis, unrealized gains (losses)
     Billions of yen  
   March 31  
   2018     2019  
   Unrealized gains / (losses)(1)  

Assets:

    

Trading assets and private equity investments

    

Equities

   ¥ 0     ¥ (4

Private equity investments

     1       (1

Japanese agency and municipal securities

     —         0  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

     —         0  

Bank and corporate debt securities and loans for trading purposes

     3       1  

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)

     0       0  

Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)

     0       0  

Real estate-backed securities

     1       0  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

     0       (4

Investment trust funds and other

     0       0  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total trading assets and private equity investments

     5       (8
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Derivatives, net(2)

    

Equity contracts

     (1     (11

Interest rate contracts

     (16     (18

Credit contracts

     1       (12

Foreign exchange contracts

     (9     (10

Commodity contracts

     —         0  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total derivatives, net

     (25     (51
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Subtotal

   ¥ (20   ¥ (59
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans and receivables

     0       0  

Collateralized agreements

     0       0  

Other assets

    

Other

     14       (12
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   ¥ (6   ¥ (71
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

     

Trading liabilities

     

Equities

   ¥ 0      ¥ 0  

Foreign government, agency and municipal securities

     —          0  

Bank and corporate debt securities

     0        0  

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other

     0        —    

Investment trust funds and other

     0        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total trading liabilities

   ¥ 0      ¥ 0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

     1        (1

Payables and deposits

     —          (1

Collateralized financing

     0        —    

Long-term borrowings

     40        (18

Other liabilities

     0        —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   ¥ 41      ¥ (20
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes gains and losses reported within Net gain on trading, Gain on private equity investments, and also within Gain on investments in equity securities, Revenue—Other and Non-interest expenses—Other, Interest and dividends and Interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.

(2)

Each derivative classification includes derivatives with multiple risk underlyings. For example, interest rate contracts include complex derivatives referencing interest rate risk as well as foreign exchange risk or other factors such as prepayment rates. Credit contracts include credit default swaps as well as derivatives referencing corporate and government debt securities.

Information on investments where net asset value per share is calculated
     Billions of yen  
     March 31, 2018  
     Fair value      Unfunded
commitments(1)
     Redemption frequency
(if currently eligible)(2)
     Redemption notice(3)  

Hedge funds

   ¥     25      ¥ —          Monthly        Same day-90 days  

Venture capital funds

     1        2        —          —    

Private equity funds

     22        11        —          —    

Real estate funds

     1        —          —          —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

       

Total

   ¥ 49      ¥     13        
  

 

 

    

 

 

       

 

     Billions of yen  
     March 31, 2019  
     Fair value      Unfunded
commitments(1)
     Redemption frequency
(if currently eligible)(2)
     Redemption notice(3)  

Hedge funds

   ¥ 16      ¥ —          Monthly        Same day-90 days  

Venture capital funds

     2        2        —          —    

Private equity funds

     17        10        —          —    

Real estate funds

     3        1        —          —    
  

 

 

    

 

 

       

Total

   ¥     38      ¥     13        
  

 

 

    

 

 

       

 

(1)

The contractual amount of any unfunded commitments Nomura is required to make to the entities in which the investment is held.

(2)

The range in frequency with which Nomura can redeem investments.

(3)

The range in notice period required to be provided before redemption is possible.

Gains (losses) due to changes in fair value for financial instruments measured at fair value using fair value option

 

     Billions of yen  
     Year ended March 31  
       2017         2018         2019    
     Gains/(Losses)(1)  

Assets:

      

Trading assets and private equity investments(2)

      

Trading assets

   ¥ 1     ¥ 0     ¥ 0  

Private equity investments

     0       (1     1  

Loans and receivables

     1       (14     (2

Collateralized agreements(3)

     6       1       2  

Other assets(2)

     10       11       (26
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   ¥ 18     ¥ (3   ¥ (25
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

      

Short-term borrowings(4)

   ¥ (42   ¥ (1   ¥ 28  

Collateralized financing(3)

     (1     0       0  

Long-term borrowings(4)(5)

     7       (39     (38

Other liabilities(6)

     0       (4     3  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   ¥ (36   ¥ (44   ¥ (7
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes gains and losses reported primarily within Net gain on trading and Revenue—Other in the consolidated statements of income.

(2)

Includes equity investments that would have been accounted for under the equity method had Nomura not chosen to elect the fair value option.

(3)

Includes reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements.

(4)

Includes structured notes and other financial liabilities.

(5)

Includes secured financing transactions arising from transfers of financial assets which did not meet the criteria for sales accounting.

(6)

Includes unfunded written loan commitments.

Schedule of impact of changes in its own creditworthiness on certain financial liabilities
     Billions of Yen  
       Year ended March 31    
       2018         2019    

Changes recognized as a credit (debit) to other comprehensive income

   ¥ (3   ¥ 25  

Credit (debit) Amounts reclassified to earnings

     0       (1

Cumulative credit (debit) balance recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income

         7           32  

Geographic allocations of trading assets related to government, agency, municipal securities

 

     Billions of yen  
     March 31, 2018  
     Japan      U.S.      EU      Other      Total(1)  

Government, agency and municipal securities

   ¥ 2,394      ¥ 2,168      ¥ 1,512      ¥ 540      ¥ 6,614  

 

     Billions of yen  
     March 31, 2019  
     Japan      U.S.      EU      Other      Total(1)  

Government, agency and municipal securities

   ¥ 2,202      ¥ 1,723      ¥ 1,897      ¥ 579      ¥ 6,401  

 

(1)

Other than above, there were ¥344 billion and ¥318 billion of government, agency and municipal securities reported within Other assets—Non-trading debt securities in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively. These securities are primarily Japanese government, agency and municipal securities.

Carrying values, fair values and classification within the fair value hierarchy for certain classes of financial instrument
    Billions of yen  
    March 31, 2018(1)  
                Fair value by level  
    Carrying
value
    Fair value     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  

Assets:

         

Cash and cash equivalents

  ¥ 2,355     ¥ 2,355     ¥ 2,355     ¥ —       ¥ —    

Time deposits

    315       315       —         315       —    

Deposits with stock exchanges and other segregated cash

    289       289       —         289       —    

Loans receivable(2)

    2,461       2,461       —         1,946       515  

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

    9,854       9,854       —         9,849       5  

Securities borrowed

    6,384       6,383       —         6,383       —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 21,658     ¥ 21,657     ¥ 2,355     ¥ 18,782     ¥ 520  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

         

Short-term borrowings

  ¥ 743     ¥ 743     ¥ —       ¥ 726     ¥ 17  

Deposits received at banks

    1,151       1,151       —         1,151       —    

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    14,759       14,759       —         14,756       3  

Securities loaned

    1,524       1,524       —         1,524       —    

Long-term borrowings

    7,383       7,417       18       6,939       460  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 25,560     ¥ 25,594     ¥ 18     ¥ 25,096     ¥ 480  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
    Billions of yen  
  March 31, 2019(1)  
              Fair value by level  
  Carrying
value
    Fair value     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  

Assets:

         

Cash and cash equivalents

  ¥ 2,687     ¥ 2,687     ¥ 2,687     ¥ —       ¥ —    

Time deposits

    290       290       —         290       —    

Deposits with stock exchanges and other segregated cash

    285       285       —         285       —    

Loans receivable(2)

    2,542       2,541       —         1,941       600  

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

    13,195       13,195       —         13,162       33  

Securities borrowed

    4,112       4,111       —         4,111       —    
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 23,111     ¥ 23,109     ¥ 2,687     ¥ 19,789     ¥ 633  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities:

         

Short-term borrowings

  ¥ 841     ¥ 841     ¥ —       ¥ 811     ¥ 30  

Deposits received at banks

    1,393       1,393       —         1,393       —    

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    15,037       15,037       —         15,037       —    

Securities loaned

    1,230       1,230       —         1,230       —    

Long-term borrowings

    7,916       7,931       12       7,353       566  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  ¥ 26,417     ¥ 26,432     ¥ 12     ¥ 25,824     ¥ 596  
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1)

Includes financial instruments which are carried at fair value on a recurring basis.

(2)

Carrying values are shown after deducting relevant allowances for credit losses.