Collateralized transactions

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Collateralized transactions

Collateralized transactions

4. Collateralized transactions:

Nomura enters into collateralized transactions, including reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowing transactions, securities lending transactions, other secured borrowings and similar transactions mainly to meet clients’ needs, finance trading inventory positions and obtain securities for settlements.

Reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowing transactions and securities lending transactions are typically documented under industry standard master netting agreements which reduce Nomura’s credit exposure to counterparties as they permit the close-out and offset of transactions and collateral amounts in the event of default of the counterparty. For certain centrally-cleared reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, the clearing or membership agreements entered into by Nomura provide similar rights to Nomura in the event of default of the relevant central clearing counterparty. In order to support the enforceability of the close-out and offsetting rights within these agreements, Nomura generally seeks to obtain an external legal opinion.

For certain types of counterparty and in certain jurisdictions, Nomura may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowing and securities lending transactions which are not documented under a master netting agreement. Similarly, even when these transactions are documented under such agreements, Nomura may not have yet sought evidence, or may not be able to obtain evidence to determine with sufficient certainty that the close-out and offsetting rights are legally enforceable. This may be the case where relevant local laws specifically prohibit such close-out and offsetting rights, or where local laws are complex, ambiguous or silent on the enforceability of such rights. This may include reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowing and securities lending transactions executed with certain foreign governments, agencies, municipalities, central clearing counterparties, agent banks and pension funds.

Nomura considers the enforceability of a master netting agreement in determining how credit risk arising from transactions with a specific counterparty is hedged, how counterparty credit exposures are calculated and applied to credit limits and the extent and nature of collateral requirements from the counterparty.

In all of these transactions, Nomura either receives or provides collateral, including Japanese and non-Japanese government, agency, mortgage-backed, bank and corporate debt securities and equities. In most cases, Nomura is permitted to use the securities received to enter into repurchase agreements, enter into securities lending transactions or to cover short positions with counterparties. In repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements, the value of collateral typically exceeds the amount of cash transferred. Collateral is generally in the form of securities. Securities borrowing transactions generally require Nomura to provide the counterparty with collateral in the form of cash or other securities. For securities lending transactions, Nomura generally receives collateral in the form of cash or other securities. Nomura monitors the market value of the securities either received from or provided to the counterparty. Additional cash or securities are exchanged as necessary, to ensure that such transactions are adequately collateralized throughout the life of the transactions.

Offsetting of certain collateralized transactions

Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements, securities borrowing and lending transactions with the same counterparty documented under a master netting agreement are offset in the consolidated balance sheets where the specific criteria defined by ASC 210-20 are met. These criteria include requirements around the maturity of the transactions, the underlying systems on which the collateral is settled, associated banking arrangements and the legal enforceability of close-out and offsetting rights under the master netting agreement.

The following tables present information about offsetting of these transactions in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2016 and 2017, together with the extent to which master netting agreements entered into with counterparties and central clearing parties permit additional offsetting in the event of counterparty default. Transactions which are not documented under a master netting agreement or are documented under a master netting agreement for which Nomura does not have sufficient evidence of enforceability are not offset in the following table.

	Billions of yen
	March 31, 2016
	Assets						Liabilities
	Reverse repurchase agreements			Securities borrowing transactions			Repurchase agreements			Securities lending transactions
Total gross balance(1)	¥	25,834		¥	5,868		¥	30,821		¥	2,260
Less: Amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheets(2)		(16,629	)		(5	)		(16,629	)		(5	)
Total net amounts of reported on the face of the consolidated balance sheets(3)	¥	9,205		¥	5,863		¥	14,192		¥	2,255
Less: Additional amounts not offset in the consolidated balance sheets(4)
Financial instruments and non-cash collateral		(7,052	)		(4,553	)		(11,503	)		(1,713	)
Cash collateral		0			—			0			—
Net amount	¥	2,153		¥	1,310		¥	2,689		¥	542

	Billions of yen
	March 31, 2017
	Assets						Liabilities
	Reverse repurchase agreements			Securities borrowing transactions			Repurchase agreements			Securities lending transactions
Total gross balance(1)	¥	30,116		¥	7,422		¥	35,755		¥	2,248
Less: Amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheets(2)		(18,659	)		(173	)		(18,659	)		(173	)
Total net amounts of reported on the face of the consolidated balance sheets(3)	¥	11,457		¥	7,249		¥	17,096		¥	2,075
Less: Additional amounts not offset in the consolidated balance sheets(4)
Financial instruments and non-cash collateral		(9,251	)		(5,499	)		(13,328	)		(1,666	)
Cash collateral		(73	)		—			(18	)		—
Net amount	¥	2,133		¥	1,750		¥	3,750		¥	409

(1) Includes all recognized balances irrespective of whether they are transacted under a master netting agreement or whether Nomura has obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability of the master netting agreement. Amounts include transactions carried at fair value through election of the fair value option. As of March 31, 2016, the gross balance of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability was ¥940 billion and ¥2,176 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2016, the gross balance of securities borrowing transactions and securities lending transactions which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability was ¥1,162 billion and ¥186 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2017, the gross balance of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability was ¥881 billion and ¥2,596 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2017, the gross balance of securities borrowing transactions and securities lending transactions which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability was ¥1,494 billion and ¥205 billion, respectively.

(2) Represents amounts offset through counterparty netting under master netting and similar agreements for which Nomura has obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability in accordance with ASC 210-20. Amounts offset include transactions carried at fair value through election of the fair value option.

(3) Reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowing transactions are reported within Collateralized agreements—Securities purchased under agreements to resell and Collateralized agreements—Securities borrowed in the consolidated balance sheets, respectively. Repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions are reported within Collateralized financing—Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and Collateralized financing—Securities loaned in the consolidated balance sheets, respectively. Amounts reported under securities lending transactions also include transactions where Nomura lends securities and receives securities that can be sold or pledged as collateral. Nomura recognizes the securities received at fair value and a liability for the same amount, representing the obligation to return those securities. The liability is reported within Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

(4) Represents amounts which are not permitted to be offset on the face of the balance sheet in accordance with ASC 210-20 but which provide Nomura with the right of offset in the event of counterparty default. Amounts relating to agreements where Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability of such offsetting rights are excluded.

Maturity analysis of repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions

The following table presents an analysis of the total carrying value of liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheets for repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions by remaining contractual maturity of the agreement as of March 31, 2017. Amounts reported are shown prior to counterparty netting in accordance with ASC 210-20.

	Billions of yen
	March 31, 2017
	Overnight and open(1)		Up to 30 days		30 - 90 days		90 days - 1 year		Greater than 1  year		Total
Repurchase agreements	¥	15,225	¥	17,257	¥	1,550	¥	1,228	¥	495	¥	35,755
Securities lending transactions		1,399		463		206		168		12		2,248
Total gross recognized liabilities(2)	¥	16,624	¥	17,720	¥	1,756	¥	1,396	¥	507	¥	38,003

(1) Open transactions do not have an explicit contractual maturity date and are terminable on demand by Nomura or the counterparty.

(2) Repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions are reported within Collateralized financing—Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and Collateralized financing—Securities loaned in the consolidated balance sheets, respectively. Amounts reported for securities lending transactions also include transactions where Nomura lends securities and receives securities that can be sold or pledged as collateral. Nomura recognizes the securities received at fair value and a liability for the same amount, representing the obligation to return those securities. The liability is reported within Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The total gross recognized liabilities reported for repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions are consistent with the total gross balances reported in the offsetting disclosures above.

Securities transferred in repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions

The following table presents an analysis of the total carrying value of liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheets for repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions by class of securities transferred by Nomura to counterparties as of March 31, 2017. Amounts reported are shown prior to counterparty netting in accordance with ASC 210-20.

	Billions of yen
	March 31, 2017
	Repurchase agreements		Securities lending transactions		Total
Equities and convertible securities	¥	108	¥	1,935	¥	2,043
Japanese government, agency and municipal securities		987		173		1,160
Foreign government, agency and municipal securities		28,197		54		28,251
Bank and corporate debt securities		1,717		16		1,733
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)		1		—		1
Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)(1)		4,666		—		4,666
Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other		70		—		70
Investment trust funds and other		9		70		79
Total gross recognized liabilities(2)	¥	35,755	¥	2,248	¥	38,003

(1) Includes ¥4,548 billion of U.S. government sponsored agency mortgage pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.

(2) Repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions are reported within Collateralized financing—Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and Collateralized financing—Securities loaned in the consolidated balance sheets, respectively. Amounts reported for securities lending transactions also include transactions where Nomura lends securities and receives securities that can be sold or pledged as collateral. Nomura recognizes the securities received at fair value and a liability for the same amount, representing the obligation to return those securities. The liability is reported within Other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The total gross recognized liabilities reported for repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions are consistent with the total gross balances reported in the offsetting disclosures above.

Collateral received by Nomura

The following table presents the fair value of securities received as collateral, securities borrowed with collateral and securities borrowed without collateral, which Nomura is permitted to sell or repledge, and the portion that has been sold or repledged as of March 31, 2016 and 2017.

	Billions of yen
	March 31
	2016		2017
The fair value of securities received as collateral, securities borrowed as collateral and securities borrowed without collateral where Nomura is permitted by contract or custom to sell or repledge the securities	¥	40,714	¥	45,821
The portion of the above that has been sold (reported within Trading liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets) or repledged		34,172		39,119

Collateral pledged by Nomura

Nomura pledges firm-owned securities to collateralize repurchase transactions, other secured financings and derivative transactions. Pledged securities that can be sold or repledged by the transferee, including Gensaki Repo transactions, are reported in parentheses as Securities pledged as collateral within Trading assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents the carrying amounts of financial assets recognized in the consolidated balance sheets which have been pledged as collateral, primarily to stock exchanges and clearing organizations, without allowing the secured party the right to sell or repledge them by type of asset as of March 31, 2016 and 2017.

	Millions of yen
	March 31
	2016		2017
Trading assets:
Equities and convertible securities	¥	104,642	¥	206,640
Government and government agency securities		731,430		1,062,008
Bank and corporate debt securities		68,029		137,328
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”)		6,031		—
Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”)		2,684,186		3,426,205
Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and other(1)		32,348		18,676
Investment trust funds and other		78,158		8,976
	¥	3,704,824	¥	4,859,833
Deposits with stock exchanges and other segregated cash	¥	2,000	¥	—
Non-trading debt securities		24,057		23,744
Investments in and advances to affiliated companies	¥	32,907	¥	29,336

(1) Includes CLOs and ABS such as those secured on credit card loans, auto loans and student loans.

The following table presents the carrying amount of financial and non-financial assets recognized in the consolidated balance sheets, other than those disclosed above, which are subject to lien as of March 31, 2016 and 2017.

	Millions of yen
	March 31
	2016		2017
Loans and receivables	¥	249	¥	4,268
Trading assets		1,755,260		1,580,765
Office buildings, land, equipment and facilities		5,355		12,635
Non-trading debt securities		191,545		222,970
Other		30		25
	¥	1,952,439	¥	1,820,663

Assets in the above table were primarily pledged for secured borrowings, including other secured borrowings, collateralized borrowings of consolidated VIEs, trading balances of secured borrowings, and derivative transactions. See Note 10 “Borrowings” for further information regarding trading balances of secured borrowings.