FAIR VALUES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUES

NOTE 10 FAIR VALUES

The financial reporting standard, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” provides a framework for measuring fair value under generally accepted accounting principles and requires disclosures about the fair value of assets and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet in periods subsequent to initial recognition, whether the measurements are made on a recurring basis (for example, available-for-sale investment securities) or on a nonrecurring basis (for example, impaired loans and other real estate acquired through foreclosure).

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures also establish fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity securities and derivative contracts that are traded in an exchange market, as well as U. S. Treasury, other U. S. Government and agency mortgage-backed debt securities that are highly liquid and are actively traded in over-the-counter markets.

Level 2: Significant observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 assets and liabilities include debt securities with quoted prices that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments and derivative contracts whose value is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. This category generally includes certain derivative contracts and impaired loans.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. For example, this category generally includes certain private equity investments, retained residual interests in securitizations, residential mortgage servicing rights, and highly structured or long-term derivative contracts.

Investment Securities Available for Sale – Investment securities available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair value is measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security’s credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange such as the New York Stock Exchange, or by dealers or brokers in active over-the counter markets. Level 2 securities include mortgage backed securities issued by government sponsored entities, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities. Securities classified as Level 3 include asset-backed securities in less liquid markets.

Loans - The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. Real estate serves as collateral on a substantial majority of the Company’s loans. When a loan is considered impaired, a specific reserve may be established. Loans, which are deemed to be impaired and require a reserve, are primarily valued on a non-recurring basis at the fair values of the underlying real estate collateral. Where there is no observable market price, such fair values are obtained using independent appraisals, which management evaluates to determine whether or not the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and adjusts for estimated costs of disposition. The Company records impaired loans as nonrecurring Level 3 assets.

Foreclosed Assets – Foreclosed assets are adjusted to fair value upon transfer of the loans to foreclosed assets.  Foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of the carrying value or fair value.  Fair value is based upon observable market prices, when available, reduced by estimated disposition costs, which the Company considers to be nonrecurring Level 2 inputs. When observable market prices are not available, management determines the fair value of the foreclosed asset using independent appraisals, evaluated to determine whether or not the property is further impaired below the appraised value and adjusts for estimated costs of disposition. The Company records foreclosed assets as nonrecurring Level 3.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value were as follows as of September 30, 2020 (for purpose of this table the impaired loans are shown net of the related allowance):

September 30, 2020  (Dollars are in thousands)	Quoted market price in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
(On a recurring basis) Available for sale investments
U.S. Government Agencies	$	—	$	14,781	$	—
Taxable municipals		—		4,567		—
Corporate bonds		—		5,558		—
Mortgage backed securities		—		19,203		—
(On a non-recurring basis) Other real estate owned		—		—		3,237
Impaired loans		—		—		4,487
Total	$	—	$	44,109	$	7,724

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are as follows as of December 31, 2019 (for purpose of this table the impaired loans are shown net of the related allowance):

December 31, 2019  (Dollars are in thousands)	Quoted market price in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
(On a recurring basis) Available for sale investments
U.S. Government Agencies	$	—	$	15,633	$	—
Taxable municipals		—		4,442		—
Corporate bonds		—		5,523		—
Mortgage backed securities		—		25,051		—
(On a non-recurring basis) Other real estate owned		—		—		3,393
Impaired loans						5,252
Total	$	—	$	50,649	$	8,645

For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)		Fair Value at September 30, 2020		Fair Value at  December 31,  2019	Valuation Technique	Significant Unobservable Inputs	General Range of Significant Unobservable Input Values
Impaired Loans	$	4,487	$	5,252	Appraised Value/Discounted Cash Flows/Market Value of Note	Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell	0 – 18%
Other Real Estate Owned	$	3,237	$	3,393	Appraised Value/Comparable Sales/Other Estimates from Independent Sources	Discounts to reflect current market conditions and estimated costs to sell	0 – 18%

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practical to estimate the value, is based upon the characteristics of the instruments and relevant market information. Financial instruments include cash, evidence of ownership in an entity, or contracts that convey or impose on an entity that contractual right or obligation to either receive or deliver cash for another financial instrument.

The following summary presents the methodologies and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments presented below. The information used to determine fair value is highly subjective and judgmental in nature and, therefore, the results may not be precise. Subjective factors include, among other things, estimates of cash flows, risk characteristics, credit quality, and interest rates, all of which are subject to change. Since the fair value is estimated as of the balance sheet date, the amounts that will actually be realized or paid upon settlement or maturity on these various instruments could be significantly different.

The carrying amount and fair value of the Company’s financial instruments that are not required to be measured or reported at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:

					Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars are in thousands)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Quoted market price in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)
September 30, 2020
Financial Instruments – Assets
Net Loans	$	578,135	$	575,103	$	—	$	570,270	$	4,487
Financial Instruments – Liabilities
Time Deposits		249,733		252,846		—		252,846		—
FHLB Advances		5,000		4,971		—		4,971		—
December 31, 2019
Financial Instruments – Assets
Net Loans	$	557,176	$	550,495	$	—	$	545,243	$	5,252
Financial Instruments – Liabilities
Time Deposits		257,406		259,325		—		259,325		—
FHLB Advances		5,000		5,054		—		5,054		—

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions can significantly affect the estimates.

Estimated fair values have been determined by the Company using historical data, as generally provided in the Company’s regulatory reports, and an estimation methodology suitable for each category of financial instruments. The Company’s fair value estimates, methods and assumptions are set forth below for the Company’s other financial instruments.

The carrying values of cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, interest-bearing deposits, deposits with no stated maturities, trust preferred securities and accrued interest approximates fair value and are excluded from the table above.

In accordance with our adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-01 in 2018, the methods utilized to measure the fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, represent an approximation of exit price; however, an actual exit price may differ.