The components of estimated deferred income tax assets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows (figures are in thousands of USD):

	September 30, 2017			December 31, 2016

Losses carry forward (U.S.) ⁽¹⁾	$	6,389		$	6,216
Losses carry forward (Non-U.S.) ⁽¹⁾		2,307			2,887
Product warranties and other reserves		4,290			4,766
Property, plant and equipment		4,422			4,204
Share-based compensation		220			247
Bonus accrual		230			231
Other accruals		1,439			1,551
Deductible temporary difference related to revenue recognition		153			191
Others		1,365			1,206
Total deferred tax assets, net		20,815			21,499
Less: Valuation allowance		(9,044	)		(8,912	)
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance ⁽²⁾	$	11,771		$	12,587

(1)

The net operating losses carry forward for the U.S. entities for income tax purposes are available to reduce future years' taxable income. These carry forward losses will expire, if not utilized, at various times over the next 20 years. Net operating losses carry forward for China entities can be carried forward for 5 years to offset taxable income. As of September 30, 2017, the valuation allowance was $9.0 million, including $6.6 million allowance for the Company’s deferred tax assets in the United States and $2.4 million allowance for the Company’s non-U.S. deferred tax assets. Based on the Company’s current operations in the United States, management believes that the deferred tax assets in the United States are not likely to be realized in the future. For the deferred tax assets in other countries, pursuant to certain tax laws and regulations, management believes such amount will not be used to offset future taxable income.

(2)

Approximately $4.3 million and $4.6 million of net deferred income tax assets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, are included in non-current deferred tax assets in the accompanying condensed unaudited consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $7.5 million and $7.9 million of net deferred income tax assets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, are included in current deferred tax assets.