Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

The components of deferred income taxes at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:


	2022		2021
Deferred income tax assets:

Accrued expenses	$	379	$	511

Bad debt reserves	301		246
Insurance reserves	147		156


Lease liabilities	200		216
Retirement liabilities	173		170
Deferred compensation	34		35
Federal and state operating loss carryforwards	208		201
Investment basis	340		—
Other	267		207
Subtotal	2,049		1,742
Less: valuation allowance	(203)		(212)
Total deferred income tax assets	1,846		1,530

U.S. federal and state intangible assets	2,059		2,071
Foreign (including Puerto Rico) intangible assets	380		452
Capitalized software	601		777
Depreciation and amortization	62		45
Investment basis	—		295
Retirement assets	317		314
Lease right-of-use asset	123		126
Prepaid expenses	201		152

Total deferred income tax liabilities	3,743		4,232
Net deferred income tax liabilities	$	1,897	$	2,702

Components Of Provision For Income Taxes

Significant components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 consist of the following:


	2022		2021		2020
Current tax expense:
Federal	$	1,469	$	1,467	$	1,724
Foreign (including Puerto Rico)	98		18		7
State and local	179		165		461
Total current tax expense	1,746		1,650		2,192
Deferred tax expense (benefit)	4		180		(526)
Total income tax expense	$	1,750	$	1,830	$	1,666

Reconciliation Of Income Tax Expense Computed At The Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate

A reconciliation of income tax expense recorded in the consolidated statements of income and amounts computed at the statutory federal income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:


	2022				2021				2020
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Amount at statutory rate	$	1,631	21.0	%	$	1,664	21.0	%	$	1,310	21.0	%
State and local income taxes net of federal tax expense/benefit	238		3.0		258		3.3		235		3.8
Tax exempt interest and dividends received deduction	(19)		(0.2)		(22)		(0.3)		(22)		(0.4)
HIP fee	—		—		—		—		330		5.3
Basis adjustments from recent acquisitions	—		—		—		—		(110)		(1.8)
Other, net	(100)		(1.3)		(70)		(0.9)		(77)		(1.2)
Total income tax expense	$	1,750	22.5	%	$	1,830	23.1	%	$	1,666	26.7	%

Change In The Carrying Amount Of Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits From Uncertain Tax Positions

The change in the carrying amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits from uncertain tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:


	2022		2021
Balance at January 1	$	271	$	249
Additions based on:
Tax positions related to current year	22		10
Tax positions related to prior years	57		17
Reductions based on:

Tax positions related to prior years	(1)		(5)

Balance at December 31	$	349	$	271