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Capital Stock (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

A summary of the cash dividend activity for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:



Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Cash Dividend per Share	Total
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
January 29, 2019	March 18, 2019	March 29, 2019	$0.80	$	206
April 23, 2019	June 10, 2019	June 25, 2019	$0.80	$	206

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
January 30, 2018	March 9, 2018	March 23, 2018	$0.75	$	192
April 24, 2018	June 8, 2018	June 25, 2018	$0.75	$	196

Summary of Share Repurchases

A summary of common stock repurchases from July 1, 2019 through July 17, 2019 (subsequent to June 30, 2019) and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:



	July 1, 2019 Through July 17, 2019		Six Months Ended June 30
	July 1, 2019 Through July 17, 2019		2019		2018
Shares repurchased	0.3		2.8		3.4
Average price per share	$	286.03	$	273.84	$	231.61
Aggregate cost	$	72	$	752	$	795
Authorization remaining at the end of the period	$	4,669	$	4,741	$	6,383

Summary of Stock Option Activity

A summary of stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2019 is as follows:



	Number of Shares		Weighted- Average Option Price per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019	3.7		$	149.65
Granted	0.7		307.18
Exercised	(0.6	)	121.83
Forfeited or expired	(0.1	)	238.00
Outstanding at June 30, 2019	3.7		182.40		6.48	$	386
Exercisable at June 30, 2019	2.2		135.84		5.01	$	329

Summary of Nonvested Restricted Stock Activity Including Restricted Stock Units

A summary of the nonvested restricted stock activity, including restricted stock units, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 is as follows:



	Restricted Stock Shares and Units		Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Nonvested at January 1, 2019	1.7		$	183.32
Granted	0.5		307.08
Vested	(0.8	)	151.16
Forfeited	—		241.06
Nonvested at June 30, 2019	1.4		240.31

Summary of Weighted-Average Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Options Granted During the Periods

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:



	Six Months Ended June 30
	2019		2018
Risk-free interest rate	2.69	%	2.90	%
Volatility factor	25.00	%	30.00	%
Quarterly dividend yield	0.260	%	0.323	%
Weighted-average expected life (years)	4.40		3.70

Schedule of Weighted-Average Fair Values Determined for the Periods

The following weighted-average fair values per option or share were determined for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:



	Six Months Ended June 30
	2019		2018
Options granted during the period	$	68.80	$	55.27
Restricted stock awards granted during the period	307.08		231.81