0000950123-01-507805.txt : 20011107
0000950123-01-507805.hdr.sgml : 20011107
ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950123-01-507805
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 424B5
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 1
FILED AS OF DATE: 20011102
FILER:
COMPANY DATA:
COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: BERKLEY W R CORP
CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000011544
STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: FIRE, MARINE & CASUALTY INSURANCE [6331]
IRS NUMBER: 221867895
STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE
FISCAL YEAR END: 1231
FILING VALUES:
FORM TYPE: 424B5
SEC ACT: 1933 Act
SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-57546
FILM NUMBER: 1773851
BUSINESS ADDRESS:
STREET 1: 165 MASON ST
STREET 2: P O BOX 2518
CITY: GREENWICH
STATE: CT
ZIP: 06836-2518
BUSINESS PHONE: 2036293000
MAIL ADDRESS:
STREET 1: 165 MASON ST
STREET 2: PO BOX 2518
CITY: GREENWICH
STATE: CT
ZIP: 06836-2518
424B5
1
y53959bbe424b5.txt
W.R. BERKLEY CORPORATION: PROS SUPPLEMENT FILING
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-57546
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated June 29, 2001)
3,300,000 Shares
[LOGO]
W. R. Berkley Corporation
COMMON STOCK
---------------------
WE ARE OFFERING 3,300,000 SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
---------------------
OUR COMMON STOCK IS LISTED ON THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE UNDER THE SYMBOL
"BER." ON NOVEMBER 1, 2001, THE LAST REPORTED SALE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK ON
THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE WAS $54.00 PER SHARE.
---------------------
INVESTING IN OUR COMMON STOCK INVOLVES RISKS. SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON
PAGE S-12.
---------------------
PRICE $54.00 A SHARE
---------------------
UNDERWRITING
PRICE TO DISCOUNTS AND PROCEEDS TO
PUBLIC COMMISSIONS W. R. BERKLEY
-------- ------------- -------------
Per Share........................................... $54.00 $2.70 $51.30
Total............................................... $178,200,000 $8,910,000 $169,290,000
We have granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to an additional
495,000 shares to cover over-allotments.
The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities regulators have not
approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this prospectus
supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated expects to deliver the shares to purchasers on
November 6, 2001.
---------------------
MORGAN STANLEY
CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
November 1, 2001
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
Prospectus Supplement Summary......... S-3
Risk Factors.......................... S-12
Forward-Looking Statements............ S-19
Use of Proceeds....................... S-20
Capitalization........................ S-21
Business.............................. S-22
Price Range of Our Common Stock....... S-38
Dividend Policy....................... S-38
Underwriters.......................... S-39
Legal Matters......................... S-41
Experts............................... S-41
Where You Can Find More Information... S-41
Incorporation of Certain Documents by
Reference........................... S-42
Index to Supplemental Financial
Information......................... SF-1
Index to Consolidated Financial
Statements.......................... F-1
PAGE
----
PROSPECTUS
About This Prospectus................. ii
Table of Contents..................... iii
W. R. Berkley Corporation............. 1
The Trusts............................ 1
Risk Factors.......................... 3
Forward-Looking Statements............ 8
Use of Proceeds....................... 8
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed
Charges and Preferred Stock
Dividends........................... 9
General Description of the Offered
Securities.......................... 10
Description of Our Capital Stock...... 10
Description of the Depositary
Shares.............................. 17
Description of the Debt Securities.... 20
Description of the Warrants to
Purchase Common Stock or Preferred
Stock............................... 37
Description of the Warrants to
Purchase Debt Securities............ 39
Description of Preferred Securities... 40
Description of Preferred Securities
Guarantees.......................... 51
Description of Stock Purchase
Contracts and Stock Purchase
Units............................... 55
Plan of Distribution.................. 55
Legal Opinions........................ 57
Experts............................... 57
Where You Can Find More Information... 58
Incorporation of Certain Documents by
Reference........................... 58
This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement,
which describes the terms of the offering and also adds to and updates
information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents
incorporated by reference. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which
gives more general information, some of which may not apply to the offering.
YOU SHOULD RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
IN THIS DOCUMENT. WE HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO PROVIDE YOU WITH INFORMATION
THAT IS DIFFERENT. THIS DOCUMENT MAY ONLY BE USED WHERE IT IS LEGAL TO SELL
THESE SECURITIES. THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS ONLY ACCURATE AS OF THE
DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT AND THE DATE OF THE ACCOMPANYING PROSPECTUS,
REGARDLESS OF THE TIME OF DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT OR ANY SALE OF
THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK.
------------------------
Unless otherwise indicated, all references in this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus to "W. R. Berkley", "we", "us", "our" or similar terms
refer to W. R. Berkley Corporation together with its subsidiaries.
S-2
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights information about W. R. Berkley Corporation and
this offering. Because this is a summary, it may not contain all the information
you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should carefully
read this entire prospectus supplement and the prospectus to which it relates
together with our reports filed with the SEC that are incorporated by reference.
You should be aware that the ratings of our domestic insurance subsidiaries by
A.M. Best Company, Inc., or A.M. Best, contained in this prospectus supplement
are based upon factors of concern to policyholders, insurance agents and brokers
and are not directed toward the protection of investors.
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION
INTRODUCTION
We are a holding company which, through our subsidiaries, operates in five
segments of the property casualty insurance business: specialty lines of
insurance (including excess and surplus lines and commercial transportation);
alternative markets (including the management of alternative insurance market
mechanisms); reinsurance; regional property casualty insurance; and
international. All of our domestic insurance subsidiaries have an A.M. Best
rating of "A (Excellent)", other than Admiral Insurance Company, which has a
rating of "A+ (Superior)".
We conduct our specialty insurance, alternative markets and reinsurance
operations nationwide. We conduct our regional insurance operations primarily in
the Midwest, New England, Southern (excluding Florida) and Mid Atlantic regions
of the United States. We currently conduct our international operations in
Argentina and the Philippines.
Our net premiums written during the six month period ended June 30, 2001
and the year ended December 31, 2000 were approximately $886 million and $1,506
million, respectively, divided among our five segments for the six months ended
June 30, 2001 as follows:
PERCENTAGE OF NET
PREMIUMS WRITTEN
-----------------
Specialty............................................... 26.2%
Alternative Markets..................................... 7.9
Reinsurance............................................. 18.1
Regional................................................ 39.8
International........................................... 8.0
-----
Total.............................................. 100.0%
=====
INDUSTRY AND COMPANY OUTLOOK
Following an extended period of declining premium rates and unfavorable
underwriting terms over the past decade, capacity in the property casualty
industry began to contract in 2000, as companies withdrew from the business or
ceased operations. With this industry contraction, insurers and reinsurers were
generally able to raise rates commencing in the second half of 2000. While
raising rates, they have also been able to insist on policies with more
favorable terms and conditions, which limit their exposure. Due to the hardening
of the market, we have enjoyed more favorable terms and conditions and achieved
significant price increases in 2000 and 2001, particularly for certain specialty
lines.
The property casualty industry, and the reinsurance market in particular,
experienced significant losses in the attacks of September 11, 2001. As a
result, we expect that the hardening of the property casualty market which began
in 2000 will accelerate in the remainder of 2001 and in 2002, as demand for
insurance and
S-3
reinsurance increases while capacity continues to contract. In such an
environment, we expect that premiums will continue to rise and we will be able
to obtain even more favorable terms and conditions.
We believe that the current industry conditions are similar in many ways to
the last hardening market, which occurred in the mid-1980s. We experienced
significant growth at that time, particularly in our specialty insurance
segment, which achieved a threefold increase in net premiums written from 1984
to 1986. We expect the beneficial impact of these improving market conditions to
be reflected in our financial results over time. While we generally recognize
immediately our increases in service fees, our increased premiums are not fully
recognized on our financial statements until at least the fifth quarter
following such price increases.
As further described below, based on current market trends, we expect
significant growth in the specialty segment, our facultative reinsurance
operations and portions of our alternative markets segment, accompanied by
further improvements in policy terms and conditions. We expect the commercial
lines of our regional segment to generate double-digit growth in net premiums
written as a result of recently achieved and anticipated price increases. Growth
in the specialty and regional segments would be affected as well by our purchase
of less reinsurance, which has increased our risk retention levels.
As a result of our strategic repositioning, we plan to devote greater
resources to certain components of our business such as facultative reinsurance.
We also expect improved underwriting results in the treaty sub-segment of our
reinsurance operations as we anticipate that we will write treaties, although
fewer in number, with more significant participations and as we continue to
shift toward excess of loss treaties. As further described below, we are
withdrawing from the personal lines business of our regional segment, subject to
the requirements of state insurance laws, and the alternative markets portion of
our reinsurance segment, which present less profitable opportunities.
STRATEGY
Our strategy is to focus on segments of the property casualty insurance
business that we believe offer opportunities for excellent returns over the long
term. We operate a group of autonomous insurance entities that can compete
effectively in selected markets within the property casualty industry. The
following are the basic tenets of our strategy:
-- Opportunistic Growth. We seek to deploy our capital and to position
our companies to capitalize on our most profitable opportunities by
concentrating on market segments where our flexibility,
responsiveness, expertise and strong relationships provide us with a
competitive advantage. We also seek to leverage our strong positions
in specialized areas such as excess and surplus lines, the
alternative markets segment and facultative reinsurance to benefit
from the price increases in these areas. Moreover, we have increased
our retention levels in order to take advantage of improving market
conditions. We anticipate that we will use a portion of the proceeds
of this offering to increase the capital of our operating companies
and contribute to the growth of our business, which may include
investments in new insurance ventures. As part of our strategy, we
consider the acquisition or start-up of complementary businesses to
be a means of obtaining a further competitive advantage in our
business and we continue to evaluate possible acquisitions and new
ventures on an ongoing basis.
-- Underwriting Discipline. As a result of the hardening market, we
expect to be able to apply stricter underwriting criteria and to
define covered risks in a manner that enhances underwriting
profitability. As a result, we expect that our companies will be able
to collect higher premiums while issuing policies with the same or
reduced levels of coverage. In addition, under the current market
conditions, policies previously written in the standard market might
be issued by one of our specialty companies with more restrictive
coverage terms.
-- Autonomous Structure. We operate through subsidiaries that have the
flexibility to respond to local or specific market conditions. This
structure allows us to be closer to our customers to better
understand their individual needs and risk characteristics. We
believe that this structure enhances our position within the
distribution channels for our products. At the same time, our holding
company structure allows us to capitalize on the benefits of
economies of scale through centralized capital,
S-4
investment and reinsurance management, technology strategy and additional
actuarial, financial and legal staff support.
-- Specialization. Our decentralized structure allows our operating
companies to target specialized markets and products based on local
market conditions, underwriting risk and expertise in the business
covered. While we have emphasized specialty areas for many years, we
are applying this expertise to our other businesses, such as our
facultative reinsurance operations. We believe that this expertise to
pursue specialized business niches presents the opportunity for
superior underwriting results and higher margins.
-- Disciplined Financial Approach. The discipline of maintaining a
solid balance sheet is a core component of our strategy. We manage
our businesses with a focus on profitability rather than market share
and adjust our premium growth plans and capital allocations
accordingly. We invest our assets in a conservative manner and
monitor our loss reserves closely.
STRATEGIC POSITIONING
We believe that our company has developed a reputation for underwriting
expertise and discipline. Our aggregate underwriting results, as measured by
statutory combined ratio, were superior to those of the property casualty
industry in ten of the twelve years from 1989 to 2000. We believe that the
current industry hardening presents significant opportunities for our different
lines of business to expand and take advantage of both higher prices and more
restrictive terms and conditions that limit our exposure, particularly in the
specialty areas. We believe that we have already positioned our operating
segments to capitalize on these opportunities as a result of the following:
-- Specialty. Specialty lines of insurance are, by their nature,
customized to provide the client with a risk management solution
tailored to its unique needs, as opposed to standard insurance, which
is priced more like a commodity. We expect the specialty segment to
become even more important to our overall business as we continue to
focus increasingly on high-margin, less commodity-like businesses
across the organization. We experienced substantial rate increases
and hardening of terms for certain specialty lines in 2001, which, as
a result of the anticipated further hardening of the market, we
expect will provide us with substantial growth for the segment. In
addition, because of hardening in the standard insurance market, we
expect insureds increasingly to turn to the specialty market for
coverage, leading to additional opportunities for growth. We
anticipate that our excess and surplus lines will be especially
well-suited to benefit from the changing environment due to the
freedom from rate and form regulatory filings that they enjoy. We
believe that, due to our underwriting expertise, loss control
capabilities and claims handling skills, we are well-positioned to
take advantage of opportunities in this segment.
-- Alternative Markets. As the primary markets charge higher premiums
for the same or reduced levels of coverage, we expect additional
insurance buyers to explore alternative markets insurance mechanisms.
We also anticipate that insureds increasingly will be placed in
residual market programs, which will offer us new service fee-based
opportunities. In addition, since the fee-based revenues associated
with alternative markets services are typically charged as a
percentage of premium dollars, higher premiums (resulting from market
price increases) should result in increased fee revenues without the
need for further capital investment. As an insurer in this market as
well as an alternative markets service provider, we believe that we
are well-positioned to participate in this growth.
-- Reinsurance. In 2000, we began to expand our facultative and other
reinsurance lines of business which are more specialty-focused and
where we feel we can best capitalize on our specialized underwriting
expertise. In 2000, we also began redirecting our reinsurance
business away from the property sub-segments, which expose us to
weather-related and other natural and man-made catastrophes, and
decided to withdraw altogether from certain markets where we do not
view ourselves as having a competitive advantage or where the product
base is too commoditized. In addition, within the treaty sub-segment,
we are shifting our focus toward excess of loss treaties, which
S-5
we believe present more profitable opportunities with more defined
exposure. We also have announced our plan to discontinue the
alternative markets division of our reinsurance business. We
anticipate that these changes, coupled with the expected reduction in
reinsurers' capacity and increases in reinsurer withdrawals from the
markets in 2002, will allow us to have more significant
participations and greater influence over the terms and conditions of
coverage.
-- Regional. By maintaining underwriting functions at the regional
company level, we believe that we enjoy a significant competitive
advantage over national insurance companies in the property casualty
business with centralized underwriting functions. We have been
repositioning our regional segment to better focus on the more
profitable commercial lines business and have announced our plans to
withdraw from our personal lines business. To accomplish this goal,
we plan to cease writing new personal lines business and to decline
to renew existing policies, subject to the requirements of state
insurance laws. Exiting the personal lines business will reduce our
property exposure and our exposure to catastrophe risk. Although the
commercial lines market remains competitive in certain areas, we have
been able to raise our rates over the past year and, as the insurance
market continues to harden, we anticipate that we will be able to do
so to an even greater extent in 2002.
-- International. We began our international operations in 1995 and
identified foreign markets that presented opportunities for
attractive returns. Our international businesses first achieved
profitability in 1999 and are ranked highly in their respective
countries. We expect to continue to grow these businesses organically
through increased writings in Argentina and the Philippines, where we
currently operate, and to seek opportunities in those and other
regions as they develop, as local conditions permit. We utilize
hedging and dollar-based investments, to the extent possible, to
limit our currency exposure and international credit risk.
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS
-- Specialty. Our specialty units underwrite complex and sophisticated
third-party liability risks, principally within the excess and
surplus (E&S) lines, professional liability, commercial
transportation and surety markets. Our customers range from those
having mid-to-large-sized commercial risks with unique needs to those
having products and professional liability exposures. These customers
benefit from our specialty unit's ability to evaluate and manage
special risks and tailor insurance products for them. Our specialty
insurance segment had net premiums written of $232 million for the
six months ended June 30, 2001 and $286 million for the year ended
December 31, 2000. Net premiums of our specialty insurance operations
grew at a compound annual rate of 7.4% from 1996 to 2000 and 68.3%
(or 33.9% on a gross basis) for the six months ended June 30, 2001
over the prior-year comparable period.
-- Alternative Markets. Our alternative markets property casualty
subsidiaries specialize in developing, insuring and administering
self-insurance programs and various alternative risk transfer
mechanisms. Our clients include employers, employer groups, insurers
and alternative markets funds seeking less costly, more efficient
ways to manage exposure to risks. In addition to providing insurance,
the alternative markets segment also provides a wide variety of
fee-based services, including consulting and administrative services.
Our alternative markets segment had net premiums written of $70
million for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and $98 million for
the year ended December 31, 2000. Service fees for our insurance
service operations were $36 million for the six months ended June 30,
2001 and $63 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. Total
revenues for our alternative markets operations grew at a compound
annual rate of 6.6% from 1996 to 2000 and 42.0% for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable period.
-- Reinsurance. Our reinsurance operations underwrite both traditional
and specialized risks. Our three operating units are: property
casualty treaty, facultative, and fidelity and surety. Increasingly,
we are focusing our reinsurance operations on less-commoditized,
niche markets where we can add the most value through leveraging our
knowledge and experience. For example, we are shifting away from pro
rata treaties and toward excess of loss treaties. Our reinsurance
segment had net premiums written
S-6
of $160 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and $363
million for the year ended December 31, 2000. Net premiums of our
reinsurance operations grew at a compound annual rate of 11.1% from
1996 to 2000 and, as a result of a shift in our business, decreased
4.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year
comparable period.
-- Regional. Our regional subsidiaries principally provide commercial
property casualty insurance products to customers in 39 states and
the District of Columbia. Key clients of this segment are small-
to-mid-sized businesses and governmental entities. The regional
subsidiaries are organized geographically, which provides them with
the flexibility to adapt to local market conditions, while enjoying
the superior administrative capabilities and financial strength of
the W. R. Berkley group. Our regional insurance segment had net
premiums written of $353 million for the six months ended June 30,
2001 and $641 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. Net
premiums of our regional insurance operations grew at a compound
annual rate of 5.5% from 1996 to 2000 and 8.1% for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable period.
-- International. Our international operations are conducted through a
limited liability company which is owned 65% by us and 35% by a
wholly owned subsidiary of The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance
Company. Our international operations provide both property casualty
and life insurance to customers in Argentina and savings and life
products to customers in the Philippines. We focus internationally on
specific value-added products in markets which we find attractive.
Our international operations segment had net premiums written of $71
million for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and $119 million for
the year ended December 31, 2000. Net premiums of our international
operations grew at a compound annual rate of 47.4% from 1996 to 2000
and 31.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year
comparable period.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
The following discussion is derived from our press release dated October
25, 2001 and should be read in conjunction with the complete text of such press
release, our unaudited supplemental financial information included elsewhere in
this prospectus supplement and the other financial information presented and
incorporated by reference herein. FOR THE SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION FOR THE
PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2001, PLEASE REFER TO THE SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL
INFORMATION BEGINNING ON PAGE SF-1.
In addition to net income, we present operating income, as defined below,
and operating income before September 11th loss (non-GAAP measures). These
measures, although not a substitute for net income, are useful for analysis to
highlight the ongoing elements of our earnings.
Our net loss for the third quarter of 2001 was $47 million, or $1.63 per
diluted share, compared with net income of $7 million, or $.27 per diluted
share, for the third quarter of 2000. We reported a net loss of $27 million, or
$.97 per diluted share, for the first nine months of 2001, compared with net
income of $18 million, or $.70 per diluted share, in the first nine months of
2000. The loss primarily relates to the events of September 11th and the results
of our discontinued businesses (as described below).
After-tax losses related to the September 11th event were $23 million, or
$.78 per diluted share. Pretax losses from the September 11th event are
estimated to be $35 million, net of reinsurance recoveries. This represents our
maximum retention for property and business interruption coverages and our
estimated policy limits on risks exposed to casualty losses.
We announced plans to discontinue two lines of business that are not likely
to achieve a satisfactory return on capital. We are withdrawing from the
personal lines business, both homeowners and private passenger automobile, by
not renewing existing policies and ceasing to write new personal lines business,
subject to all regulatory requirements. In addition, we are discontinuing the
alternative markets division of our reinsurance business. The after-tax loss
related to the discontinued businesses was $40 million, or $1.37 per diluted
share, in the third quarter of 2001. We plan to present the discontinued
businesses as a separate industry segment, and our segment data for prior
periods will be restated in the third quarter of 2001. In
S-7
addition, as a result of this decision, we expect to incur an after-tax charge
of approximately $2 million for severance and related charges in the fourth
quarter of 2001.
Due to lower returns from the merger arbitrage business as well as lower
returns on investment of new cash flow, net investment income decreased by $10
million to $47 million in the third quarter of 2001. For the first nine months,
net investment income was $148 million in 2001, compared with $153 million in
the prior-year period.
Operating income, excluding losses related to the September 11th event, was
$11 million, or $.36 per diluted share, for the third quarter ended September
30, 2001, compared with $9 million, or $.34 per diluted share, for the same
period in 2000. For the first nine months, operating income, excluding losses
related to the September 11th event, was $38 million, or $1.35 per diluted
share, in 2001, compared with operating income of $25 million, or $.96 per
diluted share, in 2000. Our operating income represents net income excluding
discontinued businesses, realized investment gains and restructuring charges.
Net premiums written for on-going business increased 31.0% to $418 million
for the third quarter of 2001 from $319 million for the year-earlier period. The
premium growth was led by our specialty business, which reported a 92.0%
increase in net premiums written for the quarter. Net premiums written for
on-going business increased 25.0% in the first nine months of 2001 to $1,187
million.
------------------------
We were organized as a New Jersey corporation in 1967 and reincorporated in
Delaware in 1970. Our headquarters are located at 165 Mason Street, Greenwich,
Connecticut 06836, and our telephone number is (203) 629-3000.
S-8
THE OFFERING
Common stock offered.......... 3,300,000 shares
Common stock to be outstanding
after the offering............ 32,369,664 shares
Over-allotment option......... 495,000 shares
Use of proceeds............... To provide additional capital for our insurance
subsidiaries and for general corporate
purposes, which may include investments in new
insurance ventures.
New York Stock Exchange
symbol........................ "BER"
If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the total
number of shares of common stock outstanding after the offering will be
32,864,664. Unless otherwise noted, we assume in this prospectus supplement that
the underwriters will not exercise their over-allotment option.
The number of shares of common stock shown above to be outstanding after
the offering is based on the number of shares outstanding on September 30, 2001,
and excludes unissued shares reserved under various employee compensation
plans--namely, 4,200,532 shares issuable upon exercise of stock options granted
under our stock option plan, at a weighted average exercise price of $33.95 per
share; and 2,125,541 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to stock options not
yet granted under our current stock option plan. It also excludes 1,978,300
shares held by certain of our subsidiaries.
S-9
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The summary consolidated financial data shown below is derived from and
should be read in conjunction with, the financial statements and other financial
information which are included in or incorporated by reference into this
prospectus supplement. FOR THE SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION FOR THE PERIOD ENDED
SEPTEMBER 30, 2001, PLEASE REFER TO THE SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
BEGINNING ON PAGE SF-1.
SIX MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30, YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF
OPERATIONS DATA:
Net premiums written........ $885,799 $735,842 $1,506,244 $1,427,719 $1,346,254 $1,177,641 $1,052,511
Net premiums earned......... 796,995 720,851 1,491,014 1,414,384 1,278,399 1,111,747 981,221
Net investment income....... 100,798 96,512 210,448 190,316 202,420 199,588 164,490
Service fees................ 36,703 35,717 68,049 72,344 70,727 71,456 69,246
Realized investment gains
(losses).................. 4,397 793 8,364 (6,064) 25,400 13,186 7,437
Total revenues.............. 940,150 855,257 1,781,287 1,673,668 1,582,517 1,400,310 1,225,166
Interest expense............ 22,862 24,284 47,596 50,801 48,819 48,869 31,963
Income (loss) before income
taxes..................... 27,225 8,294 40,851 (79,248) 62,781 129,241 115,049
Income tax (expense)
benefit................... (5,558) 3,216 (2,451) 45,766 (5,465) (30,668) (25,102)
Income (loss) before
minority interest......... 21,667 11,510 38,400 (33,482) 57,316 98,573 89,947
Net income (loss) before
preferred dividends....... 19,864 10,982 36,238 (34,048) 58,760 99,047 90,263
Preferred dividends......... -- -- -- (497) (7,548) (7,828) (13,909)
Cumulative effect of change
in accounting principle
(net of taxes)(1)......... -- -- -- (3,250) -- -- --
Extraordinary gain (loss)
(net of taxes)............ -- -- -- 735 (5,017) -- --
-------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss)
attributable to common
stockholders.............. $ 19,864 $ 10,982 $ 36,238 $ (37,060) $ 46,195 $ 91,219 $ 76,354
Operating income
(loss)(2)(3).............. 17,006 10,467 30,802 (30,603) 34,702 82,648 71,520
Data per common share:
Basic:
Net income (loss) before
change in accounting
and extraordinary
item.................. $ .71 $ .43 $ 1.41 $ (1.35) $ 1.82 $ 3.09 $ 2.56
Net income (loss)....... .71 .43 1.41 (1.44) 1.64 3.09 2.56
Operating income
(loss)(2)(3).......... .61 .41 1.20 (1.19) 1.23 2.80 2.40
Diluted:
Net income (loss) before
change in accounting
and extraordinary
income................ $ .68 $ .43 $ 1.39 $ (1.34) $ 1.76 $ 3.02 $ 2.53
Net income (loss)....... .68 .43 1.39 (1.43) 1.59 3.02 2.53
Operating income
(loss)(2)(3).......... .58 .41 1.20 (1.19) 1.19 2.74 2.38
Weighted average shares
outstanding:
Basic..................... 27,975 25,619 25,632 25,823 28,194 29,503 29,792
Diluted................... 29,243 25,725 25,991 25,927 29,115 30,185 30,130
S-10
DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, --------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(UNAUDITED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Investments(4)...................... $3,247,722 $3,111,602 $2,975,929 $3,233,458 $3,106,900 $2,991,606
Total assets........................ 5,197,215 5,022,070 4,784,791 4,983,431 4,544,318 4,136,973
Reserves for losses and loss
expenses.......................... 2,544,854 2,533,917 2,361,238 2,126,566 1,909,688 1,782,703
Long-term debt...................... 370,356 370,158 394,792 394,444 390,415 390,104
Trust preferred securities.......... 198,189 198,169 198,126 207,988 207,944 207,901
Stockholders' equity................ 827,560 680,896 591,778 861,281 947,292 879,732
Book value per share................ $ 28.52 $ 26.54 $ 23.10 $ 28.80 $ 28.72 $ 25.13
SIX MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30, YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------- -----------------------------------------
2001 2000 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
SELECTED OPERATING RATIOS:
Total loss ratio............................ 71.3% 73.1% 73.4% 76.8% 71.6% 66.1% 68.2%
Expense ratio............................... 35.2% 35.1% 34.8% 36.5% 36.5% 35.8% 33.7%
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined ratio(5)........................... 106.5% 108.2% 108.2% 113.3% 108.1% 101.9% 101.9%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
------------
(1) As of January 1, 1999, we adopted the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position ("SOP") 97-3, "Accounting by
Insurance and Other Enterprises for Insurance Related Assessments."
(2) Operating income (loss) is defined as net income (loss) before realized
investment gains and losses, changes in accounting principle and
extraordinary gains and losses on early extinguishments of long-term debt.
Operating income (loss) includes one-time after-tax restructuring charges of
$1,203 for the six months ended June 30, 2000, $1,203 for the year ended
December 31, 2000 and $7,294 for the year ended December 31, 1999. Excluding
these restructuring charges, operating income (loss) would have been
$11,670, $32,005 and $(23,309), respectively, for such periods. For purposes
of this financial information, operating income includes discontinued
businesses. Operating income measures, although not a substitute for net
income, are useful for analysis to highlight the on-going elements of our
earnings.
(3) Includes amortization of goodwill of $2,071 and $1,954 for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively, and $4,036, $3,866, $3,178 and
$2,950 for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
(4) Includes trading account receivable from brokers and clearing organizations
and trading securities sold but not yet purchased.
(5) The combined ratio represents a measure of underwriting profitability,
excluding investment income. A number in excess of 100 generally indicates
an underwriting loss; a number below 100 generally indicates an underwriting
gain.
S-11
RISK FACTORS
Our business faces significant risks. The risks described below may not be
the only risks we face. Additional risks that we do not yet know of or that we
currently think are immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any
of the events or circumstances described as risks below actually occurs, our
business, results of operations or financial condition could be negatively
affected. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline and
you may lose part or all of your investment. You should carefully consider and
evaluate all of the information included or incorporated in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the risk factors listed
below, before deciding whether to invest in our common stock.
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS
OUR RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE AS A RESULT OF MANY FACTORS, INCLUDING CYCLICAL
CHANGES IN THE INSURANCE AND REINSURANCE INDUSTRY.
The results of companies in the property casualty insurance industry
historically have been subject to significant fluctuations and uncertainties.
The industry's profitability can be affected significantly by:
-- rising levels of actual costs that are not known by companies at the
time they price their products;
-- volatile and unpredictable developments (including weather-related
and other natural and man-made catastrophes);
-- changes in levels of reinsurance capacity;
-- changes in reserves resulting from the general claims and legal
environments as different types of claims arise and judicial
interpretations relating to the scope of insurers' liability develop;
-- fluctuations in interest rates, inflationary pressures and other
changes in the investment environment, which affect returns on
invested capital and may impact the ultimate payout of loss amounts;
and
-- the long-tail and volatile nature of the reinsurance business, which
may impact our operating results and limit opportunities for adequate
returns.
The demand for property casualty insurance can also vary significantly,
generally rising as the overall level of economic activity increases and falling
as such activity decreases. The property casualty insurance industry
historically has a cyclical nature. These fluctuations in demand and competition
could produce underwriting results that would have a negative impact on our
results of operations and financial condition.
For example, in 1999 we experienced deteriorated operating results due to
an increase in loss reserves and, as a result of competition, inadequate rates.
In 2000, we benefited from improved market conditions, including higher prices
and better terms and conditions, as well as higher investment income. As has
happened in the past, these improved market conditions may not persist. In
addition, our third quarter 2001 loss of $47 million primarily relates to the
events of September 11, 2001 and the results of our discontinued businesses.
OUR ACTUAL CLAIMS LOSSES MAY EXCEED OUR RESERVES FOR CLAIMS, INCLUDING AS A
RESULT OF THE RECENT ATTACKS OF SEPTEMBER 11, 2001, WHICH MAY REQUIRE US TO
ESTABLISH ADDITIONAL RESERVES.
We maintain loss reserves to cover our estimated liability for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment expenses, including legal and other fees as well as a
portion of our general expenses, for reported and unreported claims incurred as
of the end of each accounting period. Reserves do not represent an exact
calculation of liability. Rather, reserves represent an estimate of what we
expect the ultimate settlement and administration of claims will cost. These
estimates, which generally involve actuarial projections, are based on our
assessment of facts and circumstances then known, as well as estimates of future
trends in claims severity, frequency, judicial theories of liability and other
factors. In some cases, long-tail lines of business such as excess workers'
compensation and the workers' compensation portion of our reinsurance business
are reserved on a discounted basis. The variables described above are affected
by both internal and external events, such as changes in claims handling
procedures, inflation, judicial and litigation trends and legislative changes.
S-12
The risk of the occurrence of such events is especially present in our
specialty lines and reinsurance businesses. Many of these items are not directly
quantifiable in advance. In some areas of our business, the level of reserves we
establish is dependent in part upon the actions of third parties that are beyond
our control. In our reinsurance and excess workers' compensation businesses, we
may not establish sufficient reserves if third parties do not give us advance
notice or provide us with appropriate information regarding certain matters.
Additionally, there may be a significant delay between the occurrence of the
insured event and the time it is reported to us.
The inherent uncertainties of estimating reserves are greater for certain
types of liabilities, where the various considerations affecting these types of
claims are subject to change and long periods of time may elapse before a
definitive determination of liability is made. Reserve estimates are continually
refined in an ongoing process as experience develops and further claims are
reported and settled. Adjustments to reserves are reflected in the results of
the periods in which such estimates are changed. Because setting reserves is
inherently uncertain, we cannot assure you that our current reserves will prove
adequate in light of subsequent events. Should we need to increase our reserves,
our net income for the period will decrease by a corresponding amount.
We recently announced that we estimate our pre-tax losses from the recent
attacks of September 11, 2001 to be $35 million, net of reinsurance recoveries.
These estimates are based on our analysis to date and our examination of known
exposures and may need to be increased as more information becomes available. It
is difficult to fully estimate our losses from the attacks of September 11, 2001
given the uncertain nature of damage theories and loss amounts and the
development of additional facts related to the attacks.
OUR EARNINGS COULD BE MORE VOLATILE, ESPECIALLY SINCE WE HAVE INCREASED AND MAY
FURTHER INCREASE OUR LEVEL OF RETENTION IN OUR BUSINESS.
We increased our retention levels in 2001 for our operations generally due
to changes in market conditions and the pricing environment. We purchased less
reinsurance, the process by which we transfer, or cede, part of the risk we have
assumed to a reinsurance company, thereby retaining more risk. We may further
increase our retention levels in the future. As a result, our earnings could be
more volatile and increased severities are more likely to have a material
adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. A
significant change in our retention levels could also cause our historical
financial results, including compound annual growth rates, to be inaccurate
indicators of our future performance on a segment or consolidated basis.
AS A PROPERTY CASUALTY INSURER, WE FACE LOSSES FROM NATURAL AND MAN-MADE
CATASTROPHES.
Property casualty insurers are subject to claims arising out of
catastrophes that may have a significant effect on their results of operations,
liquidity and financial condition. Catastrophe losses have had a significant
impact on our results. Catastrophes can be caused by various events, including
hurricanes, windstorms, earthquakes, hailstorms, explosions, severe winter
weather and fires, as well as terrorist activities. The incidence and severity
of catastrophes are inherently unpredictable. For example, during the five years
ended December 31, 2000, our annual weather-related losses ranged from $28
million to $60 million. The extent of losses from a catastrophe is a function of
both the total amount of insured exposure in the area affected by the event and
the severity of the event. Most catastrophes are restricted to small geographic
areas; however, hurricanes and earthquakes may produce significant damage in
large, heavily populated areas. Catastrophes can cause losses in a variety of
our property casualty lines, and most of our past catastrophe-related claims
have resulted from severe storms. Seasonal weather variations may affect the
severity and frequency of our losses. Insurance companies are not permitted to
reserve for a catastrophe until it has occurred. It is therefore possible that a
catastrophic event or multiple catastrophic events could produce unforeseen
losses and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and
financial condition.
S-13
WE FACE SIGNIFICANT COMPETITIVE PRESSURES IN OUR BUSINESSES, WHICH MAY REDUCE
PREMIUM RATES AND PREVENT US FROM PRICING OUR PRODUCTS AT ATTRACTIVE RATES.
We compete with a large number of other companies in our selected lines of
business. We compete, and will continue to compete, with major U.S. and non-U.S.
insurers and reinsurers, other regional companies, as well as mutual companies,
specialty insurance companies, underwriting agencies and diversified financial
services companies. Competition in our businesses is based on many factors,
including the perceived financial strength of the company, premium charges,
other terms and conditions offered, services provided, ratings assigned by
independent rating agencies, speed of claims payment and reputation and
experience in the lines to be written.
Some of our competitors, particularly in the reinsurance business, have
greater financial and marketing resources than we do. These competitors within
the reinsurance segment include Employers Reinsurance, Berkshire Hathaway and
American Reinsurance, which collectively comprise a majority of the property
casualty reinsurance market. We expect that perceived financial strength, in
particular, will become more important as customers seek high quality
reinsurers.
A number of new, proposed or potential legislative or industry developments
could further increase competition in our industry. These developments include:
-- an increase in capital-raising by companies in our lines of business,
which could result in new entrants to our markets and an excess of
capital in the industry;
-- the enactment of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, which could
result in increased competition from new entrants to our markets;
-- the implementation of commercial lines deregulation in several
states, which could increase competition from standard carriers for
our excess and surplus lines of insurance business;
-- programs in which state-sponsored entities provide property insurance
in catastrophe prone areas or other alternative markets types of
coverage; and
-- changing practices caused by the Internet, which may lead to greater
competition in the insurance business.
New competition from these developments could cause the supply and/or
demand for insurance or reinsurance to change, which could affect our ability to
price our products at attractive rates and thereby adversely affect our
underwriting results.
IF MARKET CONDITIONS CAUSE REINSURANCE TO BE MORE COSTLY OR UNAVAILABLE, WE MAY
BE REQUIRED TO BEAR INCREASED RISKS OR REDUCE THE LEVEL OF OUR UNDERWRITING
COMMITMENTS.
As part of our overall risk and capacity management strategy, we purchase
reinsurance for significant amounts of risk underwritten by our insurance
company subsidiaries, especially catastrophe risks. We also purchase reinsurance
on risks underwritten by others which we reinsure. Market conditions beyond our
control determine the availability and cost of the reinsurance protection we
purchase, which may affect the level of our business and profitability. Our
reinsurance facilities are generally subject to annual renewal. We may be unable
to maintain our current reinsurance facilities or to obtain other reinsurance
facilities in adequate amounts and at favorable rates. If we are unable to renew
our expiring facilities or to obtain new reinsurance facilities, either our net
exposures would increase or, if we are unwilling to bear an increase in net
exposures, we would have to reduce the level of our underwriting commitments,
especially catastrophe exposed risks. As a result of the attacks of September
11, 2001, we anticipate a significant tightening of pricing in addition to the
hardening of terms and conditions for reinsurance we purchase beginning in 2002.
S-14
WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THAT OUR REINSURERS WILL PAY IN A TIMELY FASHION, IF AT ALL,
AND, AS A RESULT, WE COULD EXPERIENCE LOSSES.
We purchase reinsurance by transferring part of the risk that we have
assumed, known as ceding, to a reinsurance company in exchange for part of the
premium we receive in connection with the risk. Although reinsurance makes the
reinsurer liable to us to the extent the risk is transferred or ceded to the
reinsurer, it does not relieve us, the reinsured, of our liability to our
policyholders or, in cases where we are a reinsurer, to our reinsureds. Our
reinsurers may not pay the reinsurance recoverables that they owe to us or they
may not pay such recoverables on a timely basis. Accordingly, we bear credit
risk with respect to our reinsurers, and if our reinsurers fail to pay us, our
financial results would be adversely affected. The attacks of September 11, 2001
may affect the financial resources of some of our reinsurers.
WE INVEST SOME OF OUR ASSETS IN ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS, WHICH IS SUBJECT TO
CERTAIN RISKS.
We invest a portion of our investment portfolio in alternative investments
which is primarily merger arbitrage. As of June 30, 2001, our investment in
merger arbitrage securities represented approximately 14% of our total
investment portfolio. Merger arbitrage is the business of investing in the
securities of publicly held companies which are the targets in announced tender
offers and mergers. Merger arbitrage differs from other types of investments in
its focus on transactions and events believed likely to bring about a change in
value over a relatively short time period, usually four months or less. While
our merger arbitrage positions are generally hedged against market declines,
these equity investments are exposed primarily to the risk associated with the
completion of announced deals, which are subject to regulatory as well as
political and other risks. As a result of the reduced activity in the merger and
acquisitions area, we may not be able achieve the returns that we have enjoyed
in the past. Alternative investments also include investments in high-yield
bonds and real estate investment trusts.
A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF OUR ASSETS IS INVESTED IN FIXED INCOME SECURITIES AND IS
SUBJECT TO MARKET FLUCTUATIONS.
Our investment portfolio consists substantially of fixed income securities.
The fair market value of these assets and the investment income from these
assets fluctuate depending on general economic and market conditions. With
respect to our investments in fixed income securities, the fair market value of
these investments generally increases or decreases in an inverse relationship
with fluctuations in interest rates, while net investment income realized by us
from future investments in fixed income securities will generally increase or
decrease with interest rates. In addition, actual net investment income and/or
cash flows from investments that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed
and other asset-backed securities, may differ from those anticipated at the time
of investment as a result of interest rate fluctuations. Because substantially
all of our fixed income securities are classified as available for sale, changes
in the market value of our securities are reflected in our balance sheet.
Similar treatment is not available for liabilities. Therefore, interest rate
fluctuations affect the value of our investments and could adversely affect our
results of operations and financial condition.
OUR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS EXPOSE US TO INVESTMENT, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
RISKS.
Certain assets held by our foreign subsidiaries are subject to foreign
currency and credit risk. A change in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar
and either the Argentinean or Philippine peso could have an adverse effect on
our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, while we have
attempted to protect our capital in Argentina by investing it in U.S. Treasuries
and other investments outside of Argentina, certain of our investment assets are
in Argentine bonds and bank deposits, including those denominated in U.S.
dollars. Accordingly, these assets are subject to risks of changes in general
political and economic conditions in Argentina and to possible impairment in
value as a result of further deterioration in credit quality of such
investments. Our international operations are further subject to additional
political and economic risks in these countries.
S-15
WE ARE SUBJECT TO EXTENSIVE GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION, WHICH INCREASES OUR COSTS
AND COULD RESTRICT THE CONDUCT OF OUR BUSINESS.
We are subject to extensive governmental regulation and supervision. Most
insurance regulations are designed to protect the interests of policyholders
rather than stockholders and other investors. This system of regulation,
generally administered by a department of insurance in each state in which we do
business, relates to, among other things:
-- standards of solvency, including risk-based capital measurements;
-- restrictions on the nature, quality and concentration of investments;
-- requiring certain methods of accounting;
-- requiring reserves for unearned premium, losses and other purposes;
and
-- potential assessments for the provision of funds necessary for the
settlement of covered claims under certain policies provided by
impaired, insolvent or failed insurance companies.
State insurance departments conduct periodic examinations of the affairs of
insurance companies and require the filing of annual and other reports relating
to the financial condition of insurance companies, holding company issues and
other matters. Recently adopted federal financial services modernization
legislation is expected to lead to additional federal regulation of the
insurance industry in the coming years. Also, foreign governments regulate our
international operations.
We may be unable to maintain all required licenses and approvals and our
business may not fully comply with the wide variety of applicable laws and
regulations or the relevant authority's interpretation of the laws and
regulations. Also, some regulatory authorities have relatively broad discretion
to grant, renew or revoke licenses and approvals. If we do not have the
requisite licenses and approvals or do not comply with applicable regulatory
requirements, the insurance regulatory authorities could preclude or temporarily
suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities or monetarily penalize
us. Also, changes in the level of regulation of the insurance industry, whether
federal, state or foreign, or changes in laws or regulations themselves or
interpretations by regulatory authorities, restrict the conduct of our business.
The growing number of insolvencies in the insurance industry increases the
possibility that we will be assessed pursuant to various state guaranty fund
requirements. We cannot predict the outcome of proposed federal legislation on
insurance coverage for terrorism, including the possibility that we may be
required to contribute to a pool based on certain criteria, and the legal and
financial effects that such legislation might have on us and the property
casualty industry.
WE ARE RATED BY A.M. BEST AND STANDARD & POOR'S, AND A DECLINE IN THESE RATINGS
COULD AFFECT OUR STANDING IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY AND CAUSE OUR SALES AND
EARNINGS TO DECREASE.
Ratings have become an increasingly important factor in establishing the
competitive position of insurance companies. Our insurance company subsidiaries
are rated by A.M. Best and certain of our insurance company subsidiaries are
rated for their claims-paying ability by Standard & Poor's Corporation, or
Standard & Poor's. A.M. Best and Standard & Poor's ratings reflect their
opinions of an insurance company's financial strength, operating performance,
strategic position and ability to meet its obligations to policyholders, are not
evaluations directed to investors and are not recommendations to buy, sell or
hold our securities. Our ratings are subject to periodic review by A.M. Best and
Standard & Poor's, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to retain those
ratings. The Standard & Poor's mid-year 2001 outlook for the U.S. property
casualty insurance industry was negative. Since March 2000, Standard & Poor's
has given us a negative rating outlook. While Standard & Poor's affirmed our
claims-paying rating of "A+" in January 2001, as long as we remain on negative
rating outlook, a downgrade in our rating is possible. If our ratings are
reduced from their current levels by A.M. Best and/or Standard & Poor's, our
competitive position in the insurance industry could suffer and it would be more
difficult for us to market our products. A significant downgrade could result in
a substantial loss of business as policyholders move to other companies with
higher claims-paying and financial strength ratings.
S-16
WE CANNOT PREDICT THE EFFECTS OF THE REFOCUSING OF CERTAIN OF OUR REINSURANCE
AND REGIONAL OPERATIONS.
We are in the process of refocusing portions of our business. Specifically,
we have announced our plan to withdraw from our personal lines business, subject
to state insurance laws, and to discontinue the alternative markets division of
our reinsurance business. We also have been redirecting our reinsurance business
away from the property sub-segments and withdrawing altogether from certain
markets. Within the treaty sub-segment, we are shifting away from pro rata
treaties and toward excess of loss treaties. While we cannot predict all the
effects of the refocusing of our business, the reduction in the amount of
premiums written in the personal lines business may produce the unintended
consequence of adversely affecting the commercial premiums of our regional
segment that we write from certain insurance agencies.
WE, AS A PRIMARY INSURER, MAY NOT BE ABLE TO OBTAIN REINSURANCE COVERAGE FOR
TERRORIST ACTS.
It is difficult to determine the full impact of the attacks of September
11, 2001 on coverage terms with respect to future acts of terrorism both on the
primary and reinsurance levels. To the extent that reinsurers are able to and do
exclude coverage for terrorist acts or price such coverage at a rate at which it
is not practical for primary insurers to obtain such coverage, primary insurers
might not be able to likewise exclude terrorist acts because of regulatory
constraints. If this does occur, we, in our capacity as a primary insurer, would
have a significant gap in our reinsured protection and would be exposed for
potential losses as a result of any terrorist acts.
WE ARE AN INSURANCE HOLDING COMPANY AND, THEREFORE, MAY NOT BE ABLE TO RECEIVE
DIVIDENDS IN NEEDED AMOUNTS.
Our principal assets are the shares of capital stock of our insurance
company subsidiaries. We have to rely on dividends from our insurance company
subsidiaries to meet our obligations for paying principal and interest on
outstanding debt obligations and for paying dividends to stockholders and
corporate expenses. The payment of dividends by our insurance company
subsidiaries is subject to regulatory restrictions and will depend on the
surplus and future earnings of these subsidiaries, as well as the regulatory
restrictions. As a result, we may not be able to receive dividends from these
subsidiaries at times and in amounts necessary to meet our obligations or pay
dividends.
WE MAY NOT FIND SUITABLE ACQUISITION CANDIDATES OR NEW INSURANCE VENTURES AND
EVEN IF WE DO, WE MAY NOT SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE ANY SUCH ACQUIRED COMPANIES OR
SUCCESSFULLY INVEST IN SUCH VENTURES.
As part of our present strategy, we continue to evaluate possible
acquisition transactions and the start-up of complementary businesses on an
ongoing basis, and at any given time, we may be engaged in discussions with
respect to possible acquisitions and new ventures. We cannot assure you that we
will be able to identify suitable acquisition transactions or insurance
ventures, that such transactions will be financed and completed on acceptable
terms or that our future acquisitions or ventures will be successful. The
process of integrating any companies we do acquire or investing in new ventures
may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial
condition.
WE MAY BE UNABLE TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN QUALIFIED EMPLOYEES.
We depend on our ability to attract and retain experienced underwriting
talent and other skilled employees who are knowledgeable about our business. If
the quality of our underwriting team and other personnel decreases, we may be
unable to maintain our current competitive position in the specialized markets
in which we operate, and be unable to expand our operations into new markets.
S-17
RISKS RELATED TO THE SECURITIES
OUR CHARTER DOCUMENTS, OUR STOCKHOLDERS RIGHTS PLAN AND DELAWARE LAW, AS WELL AS
STATE INSURANCE STATUTES, WILL MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT TO ACQUIRE US AND MAY
DISCOURAGE TAKEOVER ATTEMPTS AND THUS DEPRESS THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON
STOCK.
Certain provisions of Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and
our by-laws have the effect of making more difficult or discouraging unsolicited
takeover bids from third parties. While these provisions have the effect of
encouraging persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate with our board
of directors, they could also limit our stockholders' opportunity to dispose of
their shares at the premium prices typically associated with such takeover
attempts.
For example, our certificate of incorporation and by-laws provide for a
board of directors divided into three classes, with one class being elected each
year to serve for a three-year term. As a result, at least two annual meetings
of stockholders may be required for stockholders to change a majority of our
board of directors. Pursuant to our share purchase rights plan, holders of our
common stock will receive rights to purchase shares of preferred stock that have
the same dividend, liquidation and voting rights as shares of our common stock
upon the occurrence of certain events that could lead to a person or group
acquiring 15% or more of our outstanding common stock. In addition to being
subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally
prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in business
combinations with certain stockholders, our certificate of incorporation
requires the affirmative vote of 80% of our stockholders to approve mergers and
other similar transactions between us and certain stockholders.
We are subject to state statutes governing insurance holding company
systems which would commonly require that any person or entity desiring to
purchase more than 10% of our outstanding voting securities must obtain
regulatory approval of the purchase. Under Florida law, which is applicable to
us due to our ownership of Carolina Casualty Insurance Company, a Florida
domiciled insurer, the acquisition of more than 5% of our capital stock must
receive state regulatory approval. Applicable state insurance company laws and
regulations could delay or impede a change of control of W. R. Berkley.
CERTAIN OF OUR INSTITUTIONAL STOCKHOLDERS AND MANAGEMENT MAY INFLUENCE ACTIONS
REQUIRING STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL.
Based on the most recently available public filings, Franklin Resources,
Inc., Zweig Dimenna Partners and Neuberger & Berman Pension Management (with
their respective affiliates) held 3,579,000, 1,445,000 and 1,270,000 shares of
common stock, respectively, representing approximately 12.3%, 5.0% and 4.4%,
respectively, of our outstanding common stock as of September 30, 2001. In
addition, as of November 1, 2001, William R. Berkley, our founder, chairman and
president, held 4,398,755 shares of common stock (including currently
exercisable options), representing approximately 15.1% of our outstanding common
stock as of September 30, 2001. As a result, these stockholders, acting alone or
together, may be able to influence matters requiring approval by our
stockholders.
OUR MANAGEMENT WILL HAVE BROAD DISCRETION TO USE THE PROCEEDS OF THIS OFFERING,
AND SOME USES MAY NOT YIELD A FAVORABLE RETURN.
The net proceeds of this offering have not been allocated for specific
uses. Our management will have broad discretion to spend the proceeds from this
offering in ways with which stockholders may not agree. The failure of our
management to use these funds effectively could result in unfavorable returns.
This could have significant adverse effects on our financial condition and could
cause the price of our common stock to decline.
S-18
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and those
documents incorporated by reference herein may include certain forward-looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995. Some of the forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of
forward-looking words such as "outlook", "believes", "expects", "potential",
"continued", "may", "will", "should", "seeks", "approximately", "predicts",
"intends", "plans", "estimates", "anticipates" or the negative version of those
words or other comparable words. Any forward-looking statements contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying
prospectus, including statements related to our outlook for the industry and for
our performance for the year 2001 and beyond, are based upon our historical
performance and on current plans, estimates and expectations. The inclusion of
this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by
us, the underwriters or any other person that the future plans, estimates or
expectations contemplated by us will be achieved. Such forward-looking
statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including but not
limited to:
-- the cyclical nature of the property casualty industry;
-- the long-tail and potentially volatile nature of the reinsurance
business;
-- product demand and pricing;
-- claims development and the process of estimating reserves;
-- the uncertain nature of damage theories and loss amounts and the
development of additional facts related to the attacks of September
11, 2001;
-- the increased level of our retention;
-- natural and man-made catastrophic losses, including as a result of
terrorist activities;
-- the impact of competition;
-- availability of reinsurance;
-- the ability of our reinsurers to pay reinsurance recoverables owed to
us;
-- investment results;
-- exchange rate and political risks;
-- legislative and regulatory developments;
-- changes in the ratings assigned to us by ratings agencies;
-- the effects of the refocusing of our business, including our
withdrawal from the personal lines business;
-- uncertainty as to reinsurance coverage for terrorist acts;
-- availability of dividends from our insurance company subsidiaries;
-- our successful integration of acquired companies or investment in new
insurance ventures; and
-- our ability to attract and retain qualified employees.
We describe these risks and uncertainties in greater detail above under the
caption "Risk Factors." These risks could cause actual results of the industry
or our actual results for the year 2001 and beyond to differ materially from
those expressed in any forward-looking statement we make. Any projections of
growth in our net premiums written and management fees would not necessarily
result in commensurate levels of underwriting and operating profits. Our future
financial performance is dependent upon factors discussed elsewhere in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the documents
incorporated by reference herein. Forward-looking statements speak only as of
the date on which they are made. For a discussion of factors that could cause
actual results to differ, see "Risk Factors" above and the information contained
in our publicly available filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
or SEC. These filings are described below under the captions "Where You Can Find
More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference."
S-19
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that we will receive approximately $169.0 million in net
proceeds from this offering, based upon a public offering price of $54.00 per
share, after deducting approximately $9.2 million in underwriting discounts and
commissions and our estimated net expenses for this offering.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for additional capital
for our insurance subsidiaries and for general corporate purposes, which may
include investments in new insurance ventures. Until we use the net proceeds of
this offering, we intend to invest the net proceeds primarily in U.S. Treasury
and government agency obligations, money market funds and high grade corporate
debt securities and commercial paper.
This use of proceeds does not reflect the underwriters' exercise of their
over-allotment option. If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option
in full, we will receive additional net proceeds of approximately $25.4 million.
S-20
CAPITALIZATION
The following table shows our capitalization at September 30, 2001, and as
adjusted to give effect to the sale of the common stock offered by this
prospectus supplement based upon a public offering price of $54.00 per share and
underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated net offering expenses of
approximately $9.2 million.
AS
ACTUAL ADJUSTED
---------- -----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT
PERCENTAGE AND PER SHARE
DATA)
Long-term debt.............................................. $ 370,456 $ 370,456
Trust preferred securities.................................. 198,199 198,199
Minority interest........................................... 28,246 28,246
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $.10 per share:
Authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued.......... -- --
Common stock, par value $.20 per share:
Authorized 80,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding,
net of treasury shares, 29,069,664 shares and
32,369,664 shares..................................... 7,902 8,562
Additional paid-in capital.................................. 456,652 624,982
Retained earnings........................................... 535,651 535,651
Accumulated other comprehensive income...................... 57,390 57,390
Treasury stock, at cost, 10,439,180 shares.................. (248,060) (248,060)
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity................................ 809,535 978,525
---------- ----------
Total capitalization................................... $1,406,436 $1,575,426
========== ==========
Ratios:
Long-term debt to total capitalization.................... 26.3% 23.5%
Long-term debt and trust preferred securities to total
capitalization......................................... 40.4% 36.1%
Book value per share........................................ $ 27.85 $ 30.23
S-21
BUSINESS
GENERAL
We are a holding company which, through our subsidiaries, operates in five
segments of the property casualty insurance business: specialty lines of
insurance (including excess and surplus lines and commercial transportation);
alternative markets (including the management of alternative insurance market
mechanisms); reinsurance; regional property casualty insurance; and
international. All of our domestic insurance subsidiaries have an A.M. Best
rating of "A (Excellent)", other than Admiral Insurance Company, which has a
rating of "A+ (Superior)". A.M. Best's ratings are based upon factors of concern
to policyholders, insurance agents and brokers and are not directed toward the
protection of investors. A.M. Best states: "Best's Ratings reflect [its] opinion
as to the relative financial strength and performance of each insurer in
comparison with others, based on [its] analysis of the information provided to
[it]. These ratings are not a warranty of an insurer's current or future ability
to meet its contractual obligations." A.M. Best reviews its ratings on a
periodic basis, and ratings of our subsidiaries are therefore subject to change.
We conduct our specialty insurance, alternative markets and reinsurance
operations nationwide. We conduct our regional insurance operations primarily in
the Midwest, New England, Southern (excluding Florida) and Mid Atlantic regions
of the United States. We currently conduct our international operations in
Argentina and the Philippines.
Our net premiums written grew at a compound annual rate of 9.4% from 1996
to 2000. Our net premiums written were divided among our five segments as
follows:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED
JUNE 30, YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PERCENTAGE DATA)
Net Premium Written:
Specialty.................. $231,731 $137,691 $ 285,525 $ 260,380 $ 253,472 $ 219,272 $ 214,738
Alternative Markets........ 70,398 49,580 98,001 73,089 66,418 57,848 56,464
Reinsurance................ 160,222 168,294 362,894 358,229 309,942 239,674 238,612
Regional................... 352,807 326,518 640,843 649,849 641,316 618,768 517,515
International.............. 70,641 53,759 118,981 86,172 75,106 42,079 25,182
-------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total.................... $885,799 $735,842 $1,506,244 $1,427,719 $1,346,254 $1,177,641 $1,052,511
======== ======== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Percentage of Net Premiums
Written:
Specialty.................. 26.2% 18.7% 19.0% 18.2% 18.8% 18.6% 20.4%
Alternative Markets........ 7.9 6.7 6.5 5.1 4.9 4.9 5.4
Reinsurance................ 18.1 22.9 24.1 25.1 23.0 20.4 22.7
Regional................... 39.8 44.4 42.5 45.6 47.7 52.5 49.1
International.............. 8.0 7.3 7.9 6.0 5.6 3.6 2.4
-------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total.................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
======== ======== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
INDUSTRY AND COMPANY OUTLOOK
Following an extended period of declining premium rates and unfavorable
underwriting terms over the past decade, capacity in the property casualty
industry began to contract in 2000, as companies withdrew from the business or
ceased operations. With this industry contraction, insurers and reinsurers were
generally able to raise rates commencing in the second half of 2000. While
raising rates, they have also been able to insist on policies with more
favorable terms and conditions, which limit their exposure. Due to the hardening
of the
S-22
market, we have enjoyed more favorable terms and conditions and achieved
significant price increases in 2000 and 2001, particularly for certain specialty
lines.
The property casualty industry, and the reinsurance market in particular,
experienced significant losses in the attacks of September 11, 2001. As a
result, we expect that the hardening of the property casualty market which began
in 2000 will accelerate in the remainder of 2001 and in 2002, as demand for
insurance and reinsurance increases while capacity continues to contract. In
such an environment, we expect that premiums will continue to rise and we will
be able to obtain even more favorable terms and conditions.
We believe that the current industry conditions are similar in many ways to
the last hardening market, which occurred in the mid-1980s. We experienced
significant growth at that time, particularly in our specialty insurance
segment, which achieved a threefold increase in net premiums written from 1984
to 1986. We expect the beneficial impact of these improving market conditions to
be reflected in our financial results over time. While we generally recognize
immediately our increases in service fees, our increased premiums are not fully
recognized on our financial statements until at least the fifth quarter
following such price increases.
As further described below, based on current market trends, we expect
significant growth in the specialty segment, our facultative reinsurance
operations and portions of our alternative markets segment, accompanied by
further improvements in policy terms and conditions. We expect the commercial
lines of our regional segment to generate double-digit growth in net premiums
written as a result of recently achieved and anticipated price increases. Growth
in the specialty and regional segments would be affected as well by our purchase
of less reinsurance, which has increased our risk retention levels.
As a result of our strategic repositioning, we plan to devote greater
resources to certain components of our business such as facultative reinsurance.
We also expect improved underwriting results in the treaty sub-segment of our
reinsurance operations as we anticipate that we will write treaties, although
fewer in number, with more significant participations and as we continue to
shift toward excess of loss treaties. As further described below, we are
withdrawing from the personal lines business of our regional segment, subject to
the requirements of state insurance laws, and the alternative markets portion of
our reinsurance segment, which present less profitable opportunities.
STRATEGY
Our strategy is to focus on segments of the property casualty insurance
business that we believe offer opportunities for excellent returns over the long
term. We operate a group of autonomous insurance entities that can compete
effectively in selected markets within the property casualty industry. The
following are the basic tenets of our strategy:
-- Opportunistic Growth. We seek to deploy our capital and to position
our companies to capitalize on our most profitable opportunities by
concentrating on market segments where our flexibility,
responsiveness, expertise and strong relationships provide us with a
competitive advantage. We also seek to leverage our strong positions
in specialized areas such as excess and surplus lines, the
alternative markets segment and facultative reinsurance to benefit
from the price increases in these areas. Moreover, we have increased
our retention levels in order to take advantage of improving market
conditions. We anticipate that we will use a portion of the proceeds
of this offering to increase the capital of our operating companies
and contribute to the growth of our business, which may include
investments in new insurance ventures. As part of our strategy, we
consider the acquisition or start-up of complementary businesses to
be a means of obtaining a further competitive advantage in our
business and we continue to evaluate possible acquisitions and new
ventures on an ongoing basis.
-- Underwriting Discipline. As a result of the hardening market, we
expect to be able to apply stricter underwriting criteria and to
define covered risks in a manner that enhances underwriting
profitability. As a result, we expect that our companies will be able
to collect higher premiums while issuing policies with the same or
reduced levels of coverage. In addition, under the current market
conditions, policies previously written in the standard market might
be issued by one of our specialty companies with more restrictive
coverage terms.
S-23
-- Autonomous Structure. We operate through subsidiaries that have the
flexibility to respond to local or specific market conditions. This
structure allows us to be closer to our customers to better
understand their individual needs and risk characteristics. We
believe this structure enhances our position within the distribution
channels for our products. At the same time, our holding company
structure allows us to capitalize on the benefits of economies of
scale through centralized capital, investment and reinsurance
management, technology strategy and additional actuarial, financial
and legal staff support.
-- Specialization. Our decentralized structure allows our operating
companies to target specialized markets and products based on local
market conditions, underwriting risk and expertise in the business
covered. While we have emphasized specialty areas for many years, we
are applying this expertise to our other businesses, such as our
facultative reinsurance operations. We believe that this expertise to
pursue specialized business niches presents the opportunity for
superior underwriting results and higher margins.
-- Disciplined Financial Approach. The discipline of maintaining a
solid balance sheet is a core component of our strategy. We manage
our businesses with a focus on profitability rather than market share
and adjust our premium growth plans and capital allocations
accordingly. We invest our assets in a conservative manner and
monitor our loss reserves closely.
STRATEGIC POSITIONING
We believe that our company has developed a reputation for underwriting
expertise and discipline. Our aggregate underwriting results, as measured by
statutory combined ratio, were superior to those of the property casualty
industry in ten of the twelve years from 1989 to 2000. We believe that the
current industry hardening presents significant opportunities for our different
lines of business to expand and take advantage of both higher prices and more
restrictive terms and conditions that limit our exposure, particularly in the
specialty areas. We believe that we have already positioned our operating
segments to capitalize on these opportunities as a result of the strategic
initiatives described in the respective business segment sections that follow.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
The following discussion is derived from our press release dated October
25, 2001 and should be read in conjunction with the complete text of such press
release, our unaudited supplemental financial information included elsewhere in
this prospectus supplement and the other financial information presented and
incorporated by reference herein. FOR THE SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION FOR THE
PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2001, PLEASE REFER TO THE SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL
INFORMATION BEGINNING ON PAGE SF-1.
In addition to net income, we present operating income, as defined below,
and operating income before September 11th loss (non-GAAP measures). These
measures, although not a substitute for net income, are useful for analysis to
highlight the ongoing elements of our earnings.
Our net loss for the third quarter of 2001 was $47 million, or $1.63 per
diluted share, compared with net income of $7 million, or $.27 per diluted
share, for the third quarter of 2000. We reported a net loss of $27 million, or
$.97 per diluted share, for the first nine months of 2001, compared with net
income of $18 million, or $.70 per diluted share, in the first nine months of
2000. The loss primarily relates to the events of September 11th and the results
of our discontinued businesses (as described below).
After-tax losses related to the September 11th event were $23 million, or
$.78 per diluted share. Pretax losses from the September 11th event are
estimated to be $35 million, net of reinsurance recoveries. This represents our
maximum retention for property and business interruption coverages and our
estimated policy limits on risks exposed to casualty losses.
We announced plans to discontinue two lines of business that are not likely
to achieve a satisfactory return on capital. We are withdrawing from the
personal lines business, both homeowners and private passenger automobile, by
not renewing existing policies and ceasing to write new personal lines business,
subject to all regulatory requirements. In addition, we are discontinuing the
alternative markets division of our
S-24
reinsurance business. The after-tax loss related to the discontinued businesses
was $40 million, or $1.37 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2001. We
plan to present the discontinued businesses as a separate industry segment, and
our segment data for prior periods will be restated in the third quarter of
2001. In addition, as a result of this decision, we expect to incur an after-tax
charge of approximately $2 million for severance and related charges in the
fourth quarter of 2001.
Due to lower returns from the merger arbitrage business as well as lower
returns on investment of new cash flow, net investment income decreased by $10
million to $47 million in the third quarter of 2001. For the first nine months,
net investment income was $148 million in 2001, compared with $153 million in
the prior-year period.
Operating income, excluding losses related to the September 11th event, was
$11 million, or $.36 per diluted share, for the third quarter ended September
30, 2001, compared with $9 million, or $.34 per diluted share, for the same
period in 2000. For the first nine months, operating income, excluding losses
related to the September 11th event, was $38 million, or $1.35 per diluted
share, in 2001, compared with operating income of $25 million, or $.96 per
diluted share, in 2000. Our operating income represents net income excluding
discontinued businesses, realized investment gains and restructuring charges.
Net premiums written for on-going business increased 31.0% to $418 million
for the third quarter of 2001 from $319 million for the year-earlier period. The
premium growth was led by our specialty business, which reported a 92.0%
increase in net premiums written for the quarter. Net premiums written for
on-going business increased 25.0% in the first nine months of 2001 to $1,187
million.
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS
SPECIALTY
Our specialty units underwrite complex and sophisticated third-party
liability risks, principally within the excess and surplus (E&S) lines,
professional liability, commercial transportation and surety markets. Our
customers range from those having mid-to-large-sized commercial risks with
unique needs to those having products and professional liability exposures.
These customers benefit from our specialty unit's ability to evaluate and manage
special risks and tailor insurance products for them. Our specialty insurance
segment had net premiums written of $232 million for the six months ended June
30, 2001 and $286 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. Net premiums of
our specialty insurance operations grew at a compound annual rate of 7.4% from
1996 to 2000 and 68.3% (or 33.9% on a gross basis) for the six months ended June
30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable period.
Our specialty segment is organized into a number of companies to meet the
needs of our customers most effectively. We divide the different companies
within the segment along the different customer bases and product lines which
they serve. The specialty units deliver their products nationwide through a
variety of distribution channels depending on the customer base and particular
risks insured.
Our specialty subsidiaries write E&S lines on a non-admitted basis
exclusively through wholesale agents and managing general agents. These E&S
lines include general liability insurance, such as products liability and
professional liability, surety and commercial transportation. Professional
liability insurance mostly consists of directors' and officers' coverages and
coverages for various professional services, including errors and omissions
policies (typically known as E&O), professional associations and other similar
coverages. Surety insurance involves the underwriting of contract and commercial
classes of surety bonds, which are posted by construction contractors against
the completion of a project.
The customers of the specialty segment are highly diverse. Larger
commercial customers seek specialized E&S policies such as products liability,
where we have developed a reputation for our expertise. We are also active in
underwriting small-to-medium-sized E&S risks. Our other customers include
long-haul trucking providers (who utilize our commercial transportation
insurance), New York City area condominium, cooperative and rental apartment
buildings (who utilize our various package insurance programs) and executive
officers and directors of corporations (who utilize our directors' and officers'
insurance).
S-25
The following table sets forth the percentages of gross premiums written
for each line of business of our specialty segment operations:
SIX
MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, -----------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
General Liability.............. 38.5% 40.5% 30.5% 28.2% 34.1% 35.3%
Automobile Liability........... 13.0 10.6 18.3 19.0 17.7 20.9
Professional Liability......... 16.7 14.5 16.5 16.9 14.7 12.1
Directors and Officers
Liability.................... 7.7 7.0 6.6 7.7 8.1 10.0
Fire and Allied Lines.......... 9.1 9.2 7.7 7.1 7.5 7.1
Automobile Physical Damage..... 3.8 4.3 6.4 6.1 4.9 5.3
Medical Malpractice............ 2.9 3.7 6.0 6.1 4.0 3.3
Inland Marine.................. 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6
Commercial Multi-Peril......... 3.7 4.6 3.3 3.1 3.0 1.0
Surety......................... 1.8 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.3
Workers' Compensation.......... .4 .7 0.6 1.9 2.5 1.7
Other.......................... .7 .8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total..................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Strategy and Outlook. Specialty lines of insurance are, by their nature,
customized to provide the client with a risk management solution tailored to its
unique needs, as opposed to standard insurance, which is priced more like a
commodity. These insurance solutions require skilled and creative underwriters,
which we believe we possess. As in all of our business lines, the specialty
segment is most attractive when we can effectively deploy our expertise and
leverage our customer relationships. For example, we place the decision-making
authority for these specialized policies at the operational level, where our
insurance market specialists--whom we believe are the best equipped to evaluate
and underwrite the risks--are located. This contrasts with the practices of
companies that concentrate decision-making authority in the hands of a
centralized underwriting structure.
Similar to our other business lines, we focus within the specialty segment
on businesses that we believe offer the most profitable or advantageous
opportunities, rather than on market share. This disciplined approach has
resulted in the specialty segment being consistently profitable over time. We
expect the specialty segment to become even more important to our overall
business as we continue to focus increasingly on high-margin, less
commodity-like businesses across the organization. We experienced substantial
rate increases and hardening of terms for certain specialty lines in 2001,
which, as a result of the anticipated further hardening of the market, we expect
will provide us with substantial growth for the segment. In addition, because of
hardening in the standard insurance market, we expect insureds increasingly to
turn to the specialty market for coverage, leading to additional opportunities
for growth. We anticipate that our excess and surplus lines will be especially
well-suited to benefit from the changing environment due to the freedom from
rate and form regulatory filings that they enjoy. We believe that, due to our
underwriting expertise, loss control capabilities and claim handling skills, we
are well-positioned to take advantage of opportunities in this segment.
ALTERNATIVE MARKETS
Our alternative markets property casualty subsidiaries specialize in
developing, insuring and administering self-insurance programs and various
alternative risk transfer mechanisms. Our clients include employers, employer
groups, insurers and alternative markets funds seeking less costly, more
efficient ways to manage exposure to risks. In addition to providing insurance,
the alternative markets segment also provides a wide variety of fee-based
services, including consulting and administrative services. Our alternative
markets segment had net premiums written of $70 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2001 and $98 million for
S-26
the year ended December 31, 2000. Service fees for our insurance service
operations were $36 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and $63
million for the year ended December 31, 2000. Total revenues for our alternative
markets operations grew at a compound annual rate of 6.6% from 1996 to 2000 and
42.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable
period.
Our decentralized structure is particularly important for our alternative
markets subsidiaries because it allows them the freedom to be responsive to both
the needs of our clients and the dynamics of this rapidly changing and highly
complex market. Each of our alternative markets divisions is involved in risk
management and is organized according to one of the following product areas:
marketing excess workers' compensation, or EWC, and related risk management
services, including a full range of consulting services; insuring primary
workers' compensation risks for small employers' associations and employer
groups in North Carolina and California; and providing non-risk bearing
administrative services nationwide.
EWC insurance provides coverage to a self-insured employer once the
employer's losses exceed the employer's retention amount. Our agents market EWC
insurance primarily to employers and employer groups that have elected and
qualified for or have been approved by state regulatory authorities to
self-insure their workers' compensation claims. Our subsidiaries offer a full
range of alternative solutions customized to meet risk financing needs for
various structures, such as alternative markets plans, captive insurance
companies, retention pools, risk retention groups, self-funded plans and
specialty insurance company programs.
We view our interaction with clients through consulting and other advisory
services as central to our marketing efforts in the alternative markets. Program
management services that our subsidiaries provide include property casualty and
workers' compensation third-party administration, claims adjustment and
management, employee benefit consulting, employee benefit third-party
administration, financial accounting, insurance and reinsurance risk transfer,
loss control and safety consulting, management information systems, regulatory
compliance and relations, risk management consulting, alternative markets plan
management, statistical analysis, underwriting and rating and policy issuance.
The following table sets forth the percentages of revenues (including
premiums, investment income and service fees) for our alternative markets
divisions:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, ------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Excess workers' compensation... 36.6% 41.3% 41.9% 50.0% 56.3% 56.5%
Primary workers'
compensation................. 29.2 23.6 19.2 8.5 -- --
Administrative services........ 34.2 35.1 38.9 41.5 43.7 43.5
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Total................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
==== ==== ==== ==== ==== ====
Strategy and Outlook. We believe that there has been a reduction of
underwriting capacity in this market. This market dynamic, coupled with price
increases in conventional markets, presents an opportunity for those providers
still serving alternative markets. As the primary markets charge higher premiums
for the same or reduced levels of coverage, we expect additional insurance
buyers to explore alternative markets insurance mechanisms. To help our
customers adapt to this new environment, we expect to provide insurance products
or services through alternative markets packages. For example, the continuing
hardening of the standard market has created an opportunity for substantial
growth for our EWC insurance operations. We also anticipate that insureds
increasingly will be placed in the residual market programs, which will offer us
new service fee-based opportunities. In addition, since the fee-based revenues
associated with alternative markets services are typically charged as a
percentage of premium dollars, higher premiums (resulting from market price
increases) should result in increased fee revenues without the need for further
capital investment. As an insurer in this market as well as an alternative
markets service provider, we believe that we are well-positioned to participate
in this growth.
S-27
REINSURANCE
Our reinsurance operations underwrite both traditional and specialized
risks. Our three operating units are: property casualty treaty, facultative, and
fidelity and surety. Increasingly, we are focusing our reinsurance operations on
less-commoditized, niche markets where we can add the most value through
leveraging our knowledge and experience. For example, we are shifting away from
pro rata treaties and toward excess of loss treaties. Our reinsurance segment
had net premiums written of $160 million for the six months ended June 30, 2001
and $363 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. Net premiums of our
reinsurance operations grew at a compound annual rate of 11.1% from 1996 to 2000
and, as a result of a shift in our business, decreased 4.8% for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable period.
We principally operate as a broker market reinsurer, and our reinsurance
operations are conducted nationwide primarily through three operating units:
-- Property Casualty Treaty. Our Property Casualty Treaty Division is
our largest business unit in our reinsurance segment in terms of
personnel and premiums written and is committed exclusively to the
broker market segment of the treaty reinsurance industry. It operates
in specialty and standard reinsurance lines. For this unit, we are
de-emphasizing more traditional property casualty coverage lines of
business. Instead, we are focusing on more profitable businesses such
as excess of loss treaties and specialty reinsurance coverage, where
we expect opportunities for better margins.
-- Facultative. Our Facultative Division specializes in individual
certificate and program facultative business. Its experienced
underwriters seek to offset the underwriting and pricing cycles in
the underlying insurance business by developing risk management
solutions and through superior risk selection. We have recently
experienced increased submissions and firming of pricing in our
facultative business. During the six months ended June 30, 2001, our
facultative business grew at a rate of 79% over the prior comparable
period. We expect continued substantial growth in this area in 2002.
-- Fidelity and Surety. Our Fidelity and Surety Division operates as a
lead reinsurer in this niche market of the property casualty industry
where its specialized knowledge and expertise are essential to meet
the needs of fidelity and surety primary writers. Business is
marketed principally through brokers as well as directly to clients
not served by intermediaries.
The alternative markets division of our reinsurance operations provided
custom designed reinsurance products and services through brokers to alternative
markets clients, such as captive insurance companies, risk retention groups,
public entity insurance trusts and governmental pools. As discussed above, we
are discontinuing this portion of our business.
S-28
The following table sets forth the percentages of gross premiums written
for each line of business of our reinsurance operations:
SIX
MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, -----------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Treaty:
Casualty and other........... 33.3% 39.0% 39.1% 34.0% 33.4% 41.2%
Property and related lines... 3.1 8.7 12.9 16.3 14.0 21.4
Professional and specialty... 6.2 7.0 8.6 7.2 4.8 4.4
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Subtotal.................. 42.6 54.7 60.6 57.5 52.2 67.0
Alternative markets
reinsurance.................. 27.7 23.0 14.9 14.3 13.4 8.4
Facultative.................... 24.9 15.0 12.7 12.7 13.4 10.7
Fidelity and Surety............ 4.4 5.8 6.5 5.9 9.1 8.7
Latin American and Caribbean... 0.4 1.5 5.3 9.6 11.9 5.2
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total..................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Strategy and Outlook. In 2000, we began to expand our facultative and
other reinsurance lines of business which are more specialty-focused and where
we feel we can best capitalize on our specialized underwriting expertise. In
2000, we also began redirecting our reinsurance business away from the property
sub-segments, which expose us to weather-related and other natural and man-made
catastrophes, and decided to withdraw altogether from certain markets where we
do not view ourselves as having a competitive advantage or where the product
base is too commoditized. In addition, within the treaty sub-segment, we are
shifting our focus toward excess of loss treaties, which we believe present more
profitable opportunities with more defined exposure. We also have announced our
plan to discontinue the alternative markets division of our reinsurance
business. In 2002, we plan to de-emphasize the fidelity and surety portion of
our reinsurance operations.
We anticipate that the changes that we are implementing in our reinsurance
operations, coupled with the expected reduction in reinsurers' capacity and
increases in reinsurer withdrawals from the markets in 2002, will allow us to
have more significant participations and greater influence over the terms and
conditions of coverage.
REGIONAL
Our regional subsidiaries principally provide commercial property casualty
insurance products to customers in 39 states and the District of Columbia. Key
clients of this segment are small-to-mid-sized businesses and governmental
entities. Our regional insurance segment had net premiums written of $353
million for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and $641 million for the year
ended December 31, 2000. Net premiums of our regional insurance operations grew
at a compound annual rate of 5.5% from 1996 to 2000 and 8.1% for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable period.
The regional subsidiaries are organized geographically, which provides them
with the flexibility to adapt to local market conditions, while enjoying the
superior administrative capabilities and financial strength of the W. R. Berkley
group. Our regional operation was reorganized in 1999 from ten operating regions
to four.
Our regional insurance companies primarily sell our insurance products
through a network of non-exclusive independent agents who are compensated on a
commission basis. We are a leading property casualty regional insurance business
in our target agency market.
S-29
Our regional companies underwrite all major commercial and personal lines,
as detailed below as a percentage of direct premiums written:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, -------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Commercial Multi-Peril............ 24.6% 22.9% 21.9% 20.7% 20.5% 20.8%
Workers' Compensation............. 21.3 18.0 17.8 18.6 19.3 20.1
Automobile:
Commercial...................... 21.5 22.1 21.7 20.8 19.6 17.4
Personal........................ 10.6 12.9 14.3 14.8 15.2 16.4
General Liability................. 8.0 7.1 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.5
Homeowners........................ 4.5 6.1 5.8 6.3 7.1 7.9
Fire and Allied Lines............. 3.9 4.0 4.5 4.7 5.0 4.7
Inland Marine..................... 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.4 2.0 2.8
Other............................. 2.1 3.4 3.4 3.8 4.5 3.4
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total........................ 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
The following table sets forth the percentages of gross premiums written
for the commercial and personal portions of our regional operations:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, -------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Commercial........................ 82.1% 78.8% 78.4% 77.1% 76.6% 74.5%
Personal.......................... 17.9 21.2 21.6 22.9 23.4 25.5
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total........................ 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Strategy and Outlook. By maintaining underwriting functions at the
regional company level, we believe that we enjoy a significant competitive
advantage over national insurance companies in the property casualty business
with centralized underwriting functions. We have been repositioning our regional
segment to better focus on the more profitable commercial lines business and
have announced our plans to withdraw from our personal lines business. To
accomplish this goal, we plan to cease writing new personal lines business and
to decline to renew existing policies, subject to the requirements of state
insurance laws. Exiting the personal lines business will reduce our property
exposure and our exposure to catastrophe risk. Our structure and the strength of
this segment also allow us to compete more effectively with regional carriers.
Although the commercial lines market remains competitive in certain areas, we
have been able to raise our rates over the past year and, as the insurance
market continues to harden, we anticipate that we will be able to do so to an
even greater extent in 2002.
INTERNATIONAL
We began our international operations in 1995 and identified foreign
markets that presented opportunities for attractive returns. We focus
internationally on specific value-added products in markets which we find
attractive. Our international operations segment had net premiums written of $71
million for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and $119 million for the year
ended December 31, 2000. Net premiums of our international operations grew at a
compound annual rate of 47.4% from 1996 to 2000 and 31.4% for the six months
ended June 30, 2001 over the prior-year comparable period.
S-30
Our international operations are conducted through a limited liability
company which is owned 65% by us and 35% by a wholly owned subsidiary of The
Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. Applying the same approach that we
take to our domestic businesses, we believe that decentralized control is key to
the success of our international effort. For example, we hire local insurance
executives who have specialized knowledge of their customers, markets and
products and we link their compensation to meeting performance objectives.
In Argentina, we offer customers commercial and personal property casualty
insurance in addition to life insurance and workers' compensation lines. In the
Philippines, we provide savings and life products to customers, including
endowment policies to pre-fund education costs and retirement income.
The following table sets forth the percentages of gross premiums for our
international operations:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, -------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Argentina:
Property Casualty............... 76.7% 72.3% 72.3% 85.5% 96.3% 100.0%
Life............................ 12.5 14.7 16.5 10.9 3.7 --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Subtotal..................... 89.2 87.0 88.8 96.4 100.0 100.0
Philippines....................... 10.8 13.0 11.2 3.6 -- --
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total........................ 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Strategy and Outlook. In Argentina, we market and sell our products using
local agents. In the Philippines, we have employed a different model using an
innovative direct marketing approach that combines a local sales force with our
marketing and organizational expertise. Our international businesses first
achieved profitability in 1999 and are ranked highly in their respective
countries. We expect to continue to grow these businesses organically through
increased writings in their current markets and to seek opportunities in those
and other regions as they develop, as local conditions permit. We utilize
hedging and dollar-based investments, to the extent possible, to limit our
currency exposure and international credit risk.
S-31
UNDERWRITING RESULTS
The combined ratio represents a measure of underwriting profitability,
excluding investment income. A number in excess of 100 indicates an underwriting
loss; a number below 100 indicates an underwriting profit. The table below
presents summary underwriting ratios, on a GAAP accounting basis, for our
insurance companies:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED
JUNE 30, YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------- -------------------------------------
2001 2000 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Specialty:
Loss Ratio............................ 67.3% 75.1% 73.2% 68.0% 61.9% 62.8% 69.3%
Expense Ratio......................... 33.3 33.7 33.6 35.2 31.5 35.8 32.0
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined Ratio........................ 100.6% 108.8% 106.8% 103.2% 93.4% 98.6% 101.3%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Alternative Markets Insurance:
Loss Ratio............................ 72.5% 69.5% 70.2% 65.8% 61.4% 61.4% 61.8%
Expense Ratio......................... 33.3 40.3 38.7 41.5 43.4 39.2 36.7
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined Ratio........................ 105.8% 109.8% 108.9% 107.3% 104.8% 100.6% 98.5%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Reinsurance:
Loss Ratio............................ 73.5% 72.5% 73.6% 75.0% 73.7% 69.3% 73.0%
Expense Ratio......................... 38.9 34.8 34.3 33.4 32.1 32.1 28.0
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined Ratio........................ 112.4% 107.3% 107.9% 108.4% 105.8% 101.4% 101.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Regional:
Loss Ratio............................ 73.7% 74.5% 75.6% 85.3% 76.6% 66.9% 67.2%
Expense Ratio......................... 33.7 34.4 34.0 36.6 37.0 35.1 35.2
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined Ratio........................ 107.4% 108.9% 109.6% 121.9% 113.6% 102.0% 102.4%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
International:
Loss Ratio............................ 62.3% 63.9% 62.1% 55.4% 59.7% 59.8% 49.7%
Expense Ratio......................... 38.8 40.6 41.7 47.5 59.9 62.6 61.2
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined Ratio........................ 101.1% 104.5% 103.8% 102.9% 119.6% 122.4% 110.9%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
Total:
Loss Ratio............................ 71.3% 73.1% 73.4% 76.8% 71.6% 66.1% 68.2%
Expense Ratio......................... 35.2 35.1 34.8 36.5 36.5 35.8 33.7
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Combined Ratio........................ 106.5% 108.2% 108.2% 113.3% 108.1% 101.9% 101.9%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
INVESTMENTS
Our investment portfolio is managed primarily to support the liabilities of
our insurance operations and generate current investment returns. As of June 30,
2001, the value of our investment portfolio was approximately $3,248 million.
INVESTMENT STRATEGY
Our overall strategy, which continues to evolve in response to changes in
the financial markets and the opportunities available to us, is aimed at
maximizing investment returns without compromising liquidity and risk control.
S-32
In our investment strategy, we established a level of cash and highly
liquid short-term and intermediate-term securities which, combined with expected
cash flow, we believe is adequate to meet foreseeable payment obligations. As
part of this strategy, we attempt to maintain an appropriate relationship
between the average duration of the investment portfolio and the approximate
duration of our liabilities, i.e., policy claims and debt obligations.
Our investment policy with respect to fixed maturity securities is
generally to purchase instruments with the expectation of holding them to their
maturity. However, we consider it necessary to actively manage our portfolio to
maintain an approximate matching of assets and liabilities as well as to adjust
the portfolio as changes in financial market conditions alter the assumptions
underlying the purchase of certain securities.
Our investments are currently comprised of fixed income and equity
securities. In 2000, in response to certain tax planning issues, we shifted a
significant portion of our investment portfolio away from municipal securities
and toward taxable fixed income securities, including U.S. Government, corporate
and mortgage-backed securities.
The following table summarizes the types of investments we held on the
indicated dates, given as a percent of the total investments we held on such
dates:
DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, ---------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
-------- ----- ---- ---- ---- ----
Fixed income investments:
U.S. Government, government agencies
and authorities.................. 15% 16% 11% 9% 14% 16%
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions..................... 18 20 35 38 35 30
Corporate........................... 16 15 14 13 15 14
Foreign............................. 4 4 1 1 -- --
Mortgage-backed securities.......... 19 18 15 16 17 19
----- ----- --- --- --- ---
Subtotal fixed income............ 72 73 76 77 81 79
Equity securities available for
sale................................ 3 3 3 2 3 3
Trading account(1).................... 14 14 11 10 8 4
Invested cash......................... 11 10 10 11 8 14
----- ----- --- --- --- ---
Total............................ 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
===== ===== === === === ===
------------
(1) Includes trading account receivable from brokers and clearing organizations
and trading securities sold but not yet purchased.
We view the investment portfolio in two broad categories: assets that are
matched to liabilities, and other assets representing stockholders' equity.
We invest our reserve-related assets in high-quality fixed income
securities to ensure our ability to meet our responsibilities to policyholders.
We manage the duration of these assets taking into account our mix of insurance
business and the resulting anticipated claims payout patterns. Another critical
goal is to maintain adequate liquidity, so that we can satisfy insurance claims
and other obligations without having to sell investments at an inappropriate
time, while controlling portfolio risk and maximizing returns. With respect to
our international operations, we utilize hedging and other dollar-based
investments, to the extent possible, to limit our currency exposure and
international credit risk.
Assets related to stockholder funds may be invested with a somewhat
different approach that still emphasizes liquidity and risk limitations but also
provides diversification and more favorable return characteristics. A primary
goal for these investments is to achieve strong returns with modest volatility.
Since stockholders' equity is a key factor in the amount of premiums we can
write, its preservation is vital to our ability to take advantage of
opportunities on the insurance side. We invest a significant portion of our
equity-related assets in merger arbitrage accounts that have produced solid
returns for us over the past decade and have demonstrated low correlation to
both the equity and fixed income markets. Merger arbitrage is the
S-33
business of investing in the securities of publicly held companies that are the
targets in announced tender offers and mergers. We have also placed some of our
equity-related assets in alternative types of investments, such as convertible
arbitrage funds, and we anticipate expanding such efforts to diversify our
portfolio. A portion of our assets related to stockholder funds is invested in
publicly traded real estate investment trusts through a third-party managed
account and the balance is invested in fixed income securities.
FIXED INCOME INVESTMENTS
The duration of the fixed income portfolio was approximately five years as
of June 30, 2001, essentially matching the duration of our liabilities, which
include policy claims and debt obligations.
EQUITY SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE
Equity securities available for sale are comprised of common and preferred
stocks, including of real estate investment trusts, representing 3% of our total
investment portfolio as of June 30, 2001 and December 31, 2000. These securities
are reported at estimated fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported
as a separate component of stockholders' equity.
TRADING ACCOUNT
The trading account represents our investment in merger arbitrage
securities. This account, which is managed with a goal of capital preservation,
represented approximately 14% of our total investment portfolio as of June 30,
2001.
INVESTMENT RESULTS
Investment results before income tax effects were as follows:
SIX MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, --------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PERCENTAGE DATA)
Average investments,
at cost............ $3,175,935 $3,032,281 $3,045,391 $2,996,707 $2,873,730 $2,538,806
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Investment income,
before expenses.... $ 105,285 $ 219,955 $ 198,556 $ 206,065 $ 205,812 $ 171,047
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Percent earned on
average
investments........ 6.6% 7.3% 6.5% 6.9% 7.2% 6.7%
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Realized gains
(losses)........... $ 4,397 $ 8,364 $ (6,064) $ 25,400 $ 13,186 $ 7,437
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Change in unrealized
investment gains
(losses)(1)........ $ 11,590 $ 117,637 $ (173,084) $ 22,147 $ 66,306 $ (22,409)
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
------------
(1) The change in unrealized investment gains (losses) represents the difference
between fair value and cost of investments at the beginning and end of the
period including investments carried at cost.
S-34
The following table summarizes our fixed maturity portfolio, excluding
short-term investments, by rating as of June 30, 2001.
FIXED MATURITY PORTFOLIO BY RATING
JUNE 30, 2001
------------------------
PERCENT OF
CARRYING CARRYING
VALUE VALUE
---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT
PERCENTAGE DATA)
U.S. Government and government agencies..................... $ 796,748 34.1%
Aaa/AAA(1).................................................. 731,366 31.3
AA.......................................................... 320,140 13.7
A........................................................... 239,404 10.2
Below A..................................................... 249,576 10.7
---------- -----
Total.................................................. $2,337,234 100.0%
========== =====
------------
(1) Ratings as assigned by Moody's and S&P, respectively. Such ratings are
generally assigned upon the issuance of the securities, subject to revision
on the basis of ongoing evaluations. Bonds rated Aaa by Moody's or AAA by
S&P are judged to be of the best quality and are considered to carry the
smallest degree of investment risk.
The percentages of the fixed maturity portfolio categorized by contractual
maturity, based on fair value, on the dates indicated, are set forth below.
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain issuers
have the right to call or prepay obligations.
DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, -------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
-------- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
1 year or less....................... 2.1% 3.5% 3.0% 1.7% 4.4% 3.1%
Over 1 year through 5 years.......... 19.5 22.1 16.4 16.0 26.4 20.7
Over 5 years through 10 years........ 24.5 21.8 26.0 24.4 19.1 25.0
Over 10 years........................ 27.8 27.7 34.6 37.2 29.2 27.1
Mortgage-backed securities........... 26.1 24.9 20.0 20.7 20.9 24.1
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Total........................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
LOSS AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSE RESERVES
In the property casualty industry, it is not unusual for significant
periods of time to elapse between the occurrence of an insured loss, the report
of the loss to the insurer and the insurer's payment of that loss. To recognize
liabilities for unpaid losses, insurers establish reserves, which is a balance
sheet account representing estimates of future amounts needed to pay claims and
related expenses with respect to insured events which have occurred. Our loss
reserves reflect current estimates of the ultimate cost of closing outstanding
claims; other than our excess workers' compensation business, and the workers'
compensation portion of our reinsurance business, as discussed below, we do not
discount our reserves to estimated present value for financial reporting
purposes.
In general, when a claim is reported, claims personnel establish a "case
reserve" for the estimated amount of the ultimate payment. The estimate
represents an informed judgment based on general reserving practices and
reflects the experience and knowledge of the claims personnel regarding the
nature and value of the specific type of claim. Reserves are also established on
an aggregate basis which provide for losses incurred but not yet reported to the
insurer, potential inadequacy of case reserves, the estimated expenses of
settling claims, including legal and other fees and general expenses of
administering the claims adjustment process, and a
S-35
provision for potentially uncollectible reinsurance. Each insurance subsidiary's
net retention for each line of insurance is taken into consideration in
computation of ultimate losses.
In examining reserve adequacy, several factors are considered, including
historical data, legal developments, changes in social attitudes and economic
conditions, including the effects of inflation. The actuarial process relies on
the basic assumption that past experience, adjusted judgmentally for the effects
of current developments and anticipated trends, is an appropriate basis for
predicting future events. Reserve amounts are necessarily based on management's
informed estimates and judgments using data currently available. As additional
experience and other data become available and are reviewed, these estimates and
judgments are revised. This may result in increases or decreases to reserves for
insured events of prior years. The reserving process implicitly recognizes the
impact of inflation and other factors affecting loss costs by taking into
account changes in historical claim patterns and perceived trends. There is no
precise method to evaluate the impact of any specific factor on the adequacy of
reserves, because the ultimate cost of closing claims is influenced by numerous
factors.
While the methods for establishing the reserves are well tested over time,
some of the major assumptions about anticipated loss emergence patterns are
subject to fluctuation. In particular, high levels of jury verdicts against
insurers, as well as judicial decisions which "re-formulate" policies to expand
coverage to include previously unforeseen theories of liability, e.g., those
regarding pollution and other environmental exposures, have produced
unanticipated claims and increased the difficulty of estimating the loss and
loss adjustment expense reserves we provide.
To date, known pollution and environmental claims at our insurance company
subsidiaries have not had a material impact on our operations. Environmental
claims have not materially impacted us because these subsidiaries generally did
not insure the larger industrial companies which are subject to significant
environmental exposures. As a result, accounting for environmental losses
represents a small portion of our reserves. As of the last date we reported
these reserves, our net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses
relating to pollution and environmental claims were $29.4 million and $30.9
million at December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The estimation of these
liabilities is subject to significantly greater than normal variation and
uncertainty because it is difficult to make a reasonable actuarial estimate of
these liabilities due to the absence of a generally accepted actuarial
methodology for these exposures and the potential affect of significant
unresolved legal matters, including coverage issues as well as the cost of
litigating the legal issues. Additionally, the determination of ultimate damages
and the final allocation of such damages to financially responsible parties are
highly uncertain.
The table below provides ending reserve balances, on a net and gross of
reinsurance basis (1)(2):
SIX MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
JUNE 30, --------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Net reserves at end of
period................ $1,873,214 $1,818,049 $1,723,865 $1,583,304 $1,433,011 $1,333,122
Ceded reserves at end of
period................ 671,640 657,756 617,025 537,219 476,677 449,581
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Gross reserves at end of
period................ $2,544,854 $2,475,805 $2,340,890 $2,120,523 $1,909,688 $1,782,703
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
------------
(1) Our balance sheet includes $66,928, $58,112, $20,348 and $6,043 as of June
30, 2001 and December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively, relating to
reserves for life insurance which are not included in the table above, and
our statement of operations includes $10,365, $21,779, $14,913 and $3,693
for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and year ended December 31, 2000,
1999 and 1998, respectively, relating to policyholder benefits incurred on
life insurance which are not included in the above table.
(2) The aggregate net discount after reflecting the effects of ceded reinsurance
is $235,000 at June 30, 2001 and $223,000, $196,000, $187,000, $189,600 and
$172,415 at December 31, 2000, 1999, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
S-36
REINSURANCE
We follow the customary industry practice of reinsuring a portion of our
exposures, paying to reinsurers a part of the premiums received on the policies
that we write. Reinsurance is purchased principally to reduce net liability on
individual risks and to protect against catastrophic losses. Although
reinsurance does not legally discharge an insurer from its primary liability for
the full amount of the policies, it does make the assuming reinsurer liable to
the insurer to the extent of the reinsurance coverage. We monitor the financial
condition of our reinsurers and attempt to place our coverages only with
substantial, financially sound carriers. As a result, generally the reinsurers
who reinsure our casualty insurance must have an A.M. Best rating of "A
(Excellent)" or better with $250 million in policyholder surplus and the
reinsurers who cover our property insurance must have an A.M. Best rating of
"A-(Excellent)" or better with $150 million in policyholder surplus.
Since the beginning of 2001, we have been replacing various individual
reinsurance contracts of our operating subsidiaries with a multi-year aggregate
reinsurance agreement. The aggregate reinsurance agreement provides protection
for individual losses on an excess of loss or quota share basis, as specified
for each class of business covered by the agreement, and also provides
protection for our reinsurance segment for loss and loss adjustment expenses
incurred above a certain level beginning for the 2001 accident year. Coverage
begins as the various predecessor treaties expire through April 1, 2002 and is
subject to annual limits and an aggregate limit over the contract period.
S-37
PRICE RANGE OF OUR COMMON STOCK
Our common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange under
the symbol "BER". The following table sets forth the high and low sale prices
for the indicated periods, as reported on The Nasdaq Stock Market's National
Market through May 8, 2001 and the New York Stock Exchange from May 9, 2001 to
the present, and the quarterly cash dividends paid per share of our common stock
during the periods indicated.
COMMON
DIVIDENDS PAID
HIGH LOW (PER SHARE)
------ ------ --------------
1999
First Quarter............................................... $36.25 $23.75 $.12
Second Quarter.............................................. $29.13 $24.38 $.13
Third Quarter............................................... $27.94 $21.63 $.13
Fourth Quarter.............................................. $23.75 $19.81 $.13
2000
First Quarter............................................... $23.48 $14.00 $.13
Second Quarter.............................................. $23.19 $18.13 $.13
Third Quarter............................................... $35.23 $18.38 $.13
Fourth Quarter.............................................. $47.63 $30.75 $.13
2001
First Quarter............................................... $48.75 $34.94 $.13
Second Quarter.............................................. $45.38 $36.90 $.13
Third Quarter............................................... $49.60 $38.10 $.13
Fourth Quarter (through November 1, 2001)................... $56.25 $46.53 $.13
The closing price of our common stock on November 1, 2001, as reported on
the New York Stock Exchange was $54.00 per share.
For a description of our common stock, see "Description of Our Capital
Stock--Authorized and Outstanding Capital Stock" and "--Common Stock" in the
accompanying prospectus and our restated certificate of incorporation, which is
filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which the accompanying
prospectus is a part.
DIVIDEND POLICY
We have paid a dividend of $.13 per share for the last eleven fiscal
quarters, and we intend to continue to pay dividends on a quarterly basis, as
may be declared by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Our ability to pay dividends is dependent upon, among other things, the
availability of dividends from our insurance company subsidiaries. Our insurance
company subsidiaries are restricted by law as to the amount of dividends they
may pay without the approval of regulatory authorities.
S-38
UNDERWRITERS
We and the underwriters named below have entered into an underwriting
agreement, dated the date of this prospectus supplement, with respect to the
common stock being offered in this prospectus supplement. Subject to certain
conditions, each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase the number of
shares indicated in the following table. The underwriters are obligated to
purchase all of these shares if any shares are purchased. Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated, Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation and Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated are the representatives of the underwriters of the
offering.
NUMBER OF
NAME SHARES
---- ---------
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated........................... 1,006,668
Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation...................... 1,006,666
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated................................... 1,006,666
Dowling & Partners Securities, LLC.......................... 70,000
Ferris, Baker Watts, Incorporated........................... 70,000
Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. .............................. 70,000
Sandler O'Neill & Partners, L.P. ........................... 70,000
---------
Total.......................................... 3,300,000
=========
If the underwriters sell more shares than the total number set forth in the
table above, the underwriters have an option to buy up to an additional 495,000
shares of common stock from us to cover such sales. They may exercise that
option for 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement. If any shares
are purchased pursuant to this option, the underwriters will severally purchase
shares in approximately the same proportion as set forth in the table above. If
the underwriters' option is exercised in full, the total price to the public
would be $204,930,000, the total underwriters' discounts and commissions would
be $10,246,500 and the total proceeds to us would be $194,683,500.
The underwriters propose to offer shares of the common stock initially at
the public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to
selling group members at that price less a selling concession of $1.76 per
share. No underwriter will allow, and no dealer will reallow, a concession to
other underwriters or dealers. After the initial offering of the shares of
common stock, the offering price and other selling terms may from time to time
be varied by the representatives.
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell
shares of common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short
sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by
short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater
number of shares than they are required to purchase in the offering. Stabilizing
transactions consist of certain bids or purchases made for the purpose of
preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock while
the offering is in progress.
The underwriters may impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular
underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount
received by it because the representatives have repurchased shares sold by or
for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering
transactions.
These activities by the underwriters may stabilize, maintain or otherwise
affect the market price of the common stock. As a result, the price of the
common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open
market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued by the
underwriters at any time. These transactions may be effected on the New York
Stock Exchange, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
We estimate that our total expenses of the offering will be approximately
$500,000. The underwriters have agreed to pay $222,750 of such expenses. In the
event that the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the
underwriters have agreed to pay an additional $33,413 of our expenses.
S-39
We have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters of the offering
against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
We, William R. Berkley (and certain members of his immediate family) and
our other directors have agreed, without the prior written consent of Morgan
Stanley & Co. Incorporated on behalf of the underwriters, not to, during the
period ending 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement:
-- offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to
purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option,
right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose
of, directly or indirectly, any shares of common stock or any
securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common
stock; or
-- enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another,
in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of
the common stock;
whether any transaction described above is to be settled by delivery of common
stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.
The restrictions described in the preceding paragraph do not apply to:
-- the issuance by us of shares of common stock upon the exercise of an
option or a warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on
the date of this prospectus supplement of which the underwriters have
been advised in writing;
-- the issuance by us of additional options under our existing stock
option plans, provided that such options are not exercisable during
such 90-day period;
-- transactions by any person other than us relating to shares of common
stock or other securities acquired in open market transactions after
the completion of this offering; and
-- transfers by any person other than us as a bona fide gift, provided
that the transferee agrees to be bound by such restrictions.
The underwriters and their affiliates have in the past provided, and may in
the future, from time to time, provide, investment banking and general financing
and banking services to us and our affiliates for which they have in the past
received, and may in the future receive, customary fees. Credit Suisse First
Boston Corporation, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated were underwriters for our public offering of
3,105,000 shares of common stock in March 2001.
S-40
LEGAL MATTERS
Willkie Farr & Gallagher, New York, New York, will provide us with an
opinion as to legal matters in connection with the common stock offered by this
prospectus. LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, L.L.P., a limited liability
partnership including professional corporations, New York, New York, will pass
upon certain legal matters for the underwriters. As of November 1, 2001,
attorneys of Willkie Farr & Gallagher beneficially own an aggregate of 45,534
shares of our common stock, of which 30,934 are beneficially owned by Robert B.
Hodes and 14,600 are beneficially owned by Jack H. Nusbaum (which amount
includes 3,000 shares held in trusts as to which Mr. Nusbaum is co-trustee). Mr.
Hodes and Mr. Nusbaum are also members of our board of directors.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of W. R. Berkley Corporation and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2000 and 1999 and for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 2000, have been included in this prospectus
supplement in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, independent certified public
accountants, appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and upon the
authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act.
Accordingly, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and
other information with the SEC. You can read and copy any document that we file
with the SEC at the SEC's public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Room
1024, Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of such material can also be obtained from
the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington,
D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
Our filings with the SEC are also available from the SEC's web site at
http://www.sec.gov. Please call the SEC's toll-free telephone number at
1-800-SEC-0330 if you need further information about the operation of the SEC's
public reference rooms. Information about us is also available on our web site
at http://www.wrberkley.com. Such information on our web site is not a part of
this prospectus supplement.
S-41
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The SEC allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we file
with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by
referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an
important part of this prospectus supplement. Any statement contained in a
document which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement is
automatically updated and superseded if information contained in this prospectus
supplement, or information that we later file with the SEC, modifies or replaces
this information. All documents we subsequently file pursuant to Sections 13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, prior to the termination of this
offering shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus
supplement. We incorporate by reference the following documents:
-- Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000;
-- Our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31,
2001 and June 30, 2001;
-- Our Current Reports on Form 8-K, dated December 8, 2000, February 5,
2001, February 6, 2001 (as amended), February 28, 2001, April 4,
2001, April 23, 2001, April 26, 2001, May 15, 2001, July 26, 2001,
September 14, 2001, October 25, 2001 and October 29, 2001;
-- Our Proxy Statement dated April 4, 2001 for our 2001 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders; and
-- The descriptions of our common stock set forth in our registration
statement on Form 8-A/A filed with the Commission on May 1, 2001 and
of our rights to purchase Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with
the Commission on May 11, 1999, as amended on May 1, 2001, including
any further amendments or reports for the purposes of updating such
descriptions.
To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in
this prospectus supplement, other than any exhibits, unless the exhibits are
specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, call or
write us at the following address: W. R. Berkley Corporation, Attn: Ira S.
Lederman, Assistant Secretary, 165 Mason Street, P.O. Box 2518, Greenwich,
Connecticut 06836-2518, (203) 629-3000.
S-42
INDEX TO SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION
PAGE
----
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION:
Consolidated Financial Summary for the Three Months Ended
September 30, 2001 and 2000 and for the Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2001 and 2000............................... SF-2
Balance Sheet Information as of September 30, 2001 and
December 31, 2000......................................... SF-3
Operating Results Before September 11th Loss for On-going
Business Segments for the Three Months Ended September 30,
2001 and 2000 and for the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2001 and 2000............................................. SF-4
Operating Results Including September 11th Loss for the
Three Months Ended September 30, 2001 and 2000 and for the
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2001 and 2000............. SF-5
After Tax Earnings for the Three Months Ended September 30,
2001 and 2000 and for the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2001 and 2000............................................. SF-6
SF-1
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY
FOR THE THREE
MONTHS FOR THE NINE MONTHS
ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------- ------------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
Revenues:
Net premiums written....................... $469,227 $376,084 $1,355,026 $1,111,926
Change in unearned premiums................ (43,832) (5,252) (132,636) (20,243)
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
Premiums earned............................ 425,395 370,832 1,222,390 1,091,683
Net investment income...................... 46,802 56,513 147,600 153,025
Service fees............................... 19,849 15,818 56,552 51,535
Realized investment gains.................. 7,385 1,092 11,782 1,885
Other income............................... 641 1,702 1,898 3,086
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues.......................... 500,072 445,957 1,440,222 1,301,214
Expenses:
Losses and loss expenses................... 391,477 276,344 959,598 803,596
Other operating expenses................... 170,864 150,829 492,806 444,406
Interest expense........................... 11,570 11,670 34,432 35,954
Restructuring charge....................... -- -- -- 1,850
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
Total expenses.......................... 573,911 438,843 1,486,836 1,285,806
Income (loss) before income taxes and
minority interest..................... (73,839) 7,114 (46,614) 15,408
Income tax benefit........................... 27,117 869 21,559 4,085
Minority interest............................ (524) (891) (2,327) (1,419)
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss)....................... $(47,246) $ 7,092 $ (27,382) $ 18,074
======== ======== ========== ==========
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic...................................... $ (1.63) $ .28 $ (.97) $ .71
======== ======== ========== ==========
Diluted.................................... $ (1.63) $ .27 $ (.97) $ .70
======== ======== ========== ==========
Average shares outstanding:
Basic...................................... 29,049 25,476 28,337 25,571
======== ======== ========== ==========
Diluted.................................... 30,053 25,807 29,603 25,769
======== ======== ========== ==========
Supplemental after-tax earnings information:
Operating income before September 11th
loss(1)................................. $ 10,587 $ 8,793 $ 38,272 $ 24,855
September 11th loss........................ (22,750) -- (22,750) --
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
Operating income (loss)(1) (12,163) 8,793 15,522 24,855
Discontinued businesses.................... (39,883) (2,410) (50,562) (6,802)
Restructuring charge....................... -- -- -- (1,203)
Realized gains............................. 4,800 709 7,658 1,224
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss)....................... $(47,246) $ 7,092 $ (27,382) $ 18,074
======== ======== ========== ==========
------------
(1) In addition to net income, we present operating income, as defined below,
and operating income before September 11th loss (non-GAAP measures). These
measures, although not a substitute for net income, are useful for analysis
to highlight the ongoing elements of our earnings. Operating income
represents net income before discontinued businesses, realized investment
gains and restructuring charges.
SF-2
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION
SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
------------- ------------
(IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT
PER SHARE DATA)
Total investments(1)........................................ $3,441,418 $3,111,602
Total assets................................................ 5,481,312 5,022,070
Reserves for losses......................................... 2,701,487 2,533,917
Long-term debt.............................................. 370,456 370,158
Trust preferred securities.................................. 198,199 198,169
Stockholders' equity(2)..................................... 809,535 680,896
Shares outstanding.......................................... 29,070 25,656
Stockholders' equity per share.............................. 27.85 26.54
------------
(1) Investments include trading account receivable from brokers and clearing
organizations and trading securities sold but not yet purchased.
(2) Stockholders' equity includes after-tax unrealized investment gains of $57.4
million and $19.4 million as of September 30, 2001 and December 31, 2000,
respectively.
SF-3
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
OPERATING RESULTS BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11TH LOSS
ON-GOING BUSINESS SEGMENTS(1)
FOR THE THREE MONTHS FOR THE NINE MONTHS
ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
--------------------- -------------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Specialty Insurance:
Gross premiums written.................. $153,693 $ 98,601 $ 427,357 $ 302,990
Net premiums written.................... 134,901 70,239 366,632 207,930
Premiums earned......................... 108,662 66,739 275,895 198,887
Pre-tax operating income................ 7,849 5,942 28,015 17,691
Loss ratio.............................. 71.1% 73.7% 68.8% 74.6%
Expense ratio........................... 30.3% 37.0% 32.2% 34.8%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 101.4% 110.7% 101.0% 109.4%
Alternative Markets:
Gross premiums written.................. $ 48,451 $ 31,794 $ 127,365 $ 86,601
Net premiums written.................... 42,877 28,407 113,275 77,987
Premiums earned......................... 31,481 22,927 84,851 62,656
Pre-tax operating income................ 8,095 10,139 28,009 24,392
Loss ratio.............................. 79.2% 69.0% 75.0% 69.3%
Expense ratio........................... 29.1% 41.4% 31.8% 40.6%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 108.3% 110.4% 106.8% 109.9%
Reinsurance(1):
Gross premiums written.................. $ 82,592 $ 80,802 $ 234,295 $ 236,613
Net premiums written.................... 56,119 66,963 167,174 200,606
Premiums earned......................... 53,341 72,855 167,243 216,190
Pre-tax operating income................ 5,773 6,876 13,300 19,498
Loss ratio.............................. 69.2% 74.3% 71.5% 72.8%
Expense ratio........................... 38.0% 33.5% 39.2% 34.3%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 107.2% 107.8% 110.7% 107.1%
Regional Insurance(1):
Gross premiums written.................. $173,471 $145,568 $ 511,168 $ 447,033
Net premiums written.................... 147,170 124,181 432,878 382,231
Premiums earned......................... 137,809 128,382 401,177 382,666
Pre-tax operating income (loss)......... 5,799 (548) 21,763 5,327
Loss ratio.............................. 69.2% 78.9% 69.4% 75.8%
Expense ratio........................... 35.8% 33.6% 35.1% 33.9%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 105.0% 112.5% 104.5% 109.7%
International:
Gross premiums written.................. $ 42,484 $ 35,241 $ 123,181 $ 102,038
Net premiums written.................... 36,895 28,798 107,536 82,557
Premiums earned......................... 36,286 27,110 102,036 76,355
Pre-tax operating income................ 2,824 1,499 9,130 3,508
Loss ratio.............................. 59.2% 58.8% 61.2% 62.1%
Expense ratio........................... 40.9% 48.7% 39.6% 43.5%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 100.1% 107.5% 100.8% 105.6%
Total:
Gross premiums written.................. $500,691 $392,006 $1,423,366 $1,175,275
Net premiums written.................... 417,962 318,588 1,187,495 951,311
Premiums earned......................... 367,579 318,013 1,031,202 936,754
Pre-tax operating income................ 30,340 23,908 100,217 70,416
Loss ratio.............................. 69.6% 74.3% 69.2% 73.3%
Expense ratio........................... 34.4% 36.2% 35.1% 35.4%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 104.0% 110.5% 104.3% 108.7%
------------
(1) Operating income represents net income before September 11th loss, realized
investment gains and restructuring charges for the on-going business
segments. In the third quarter of 2001, the Company re-aligned the operating
segments to reflect the discontinuance of the personal lines and alternative
markets reinsurance businesses.
SF-4
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
OPERATING RESULTS INCLUDING SEPTEMBER 11TH LOSS(1)
FOR THE THREE MONTHS FOR THE NINE MONTHS
ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------- ------------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
-------- -------- ---------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
On-going business segments:
Gross premiums written..................... $500,691 $392,006 $1,423,366 $1,175,275
Net premiums written....................... 417,962 318,588 1,187,495 951,311
Premiums earned............................ 367,579 318,013 1,031,202 936,754
Pre-tax operating income (loss)............ (4,660) 23,908 65,217 70,416
Loss ratio................................. 79.2% 74.3% 72.6% 73.3%
Expense ratio.............................. 34.4% 36.2% 35.1% 35.4%
GAAP combined ratio........................ 113.6% 110.5% 107.7% 108.7%
Discontinued businesses:
Personal lines:
Gross premiums written.................. $ 38,507 $ 36,570 $ 112,065 $ 110,308
Net premiums written.................... 34,729 34,199 101,828 102,667
Premiums earned......................... 33,442 34,250 102,091 106,966
Pre-tax operating loss.................. (2,874) (2,557) (14,640) (9,307)
Loss ratio.............................. 86.7% 75.5% 88.7% 75.4%
Expense ratio........................... 24.1% 34.1% 27.8% 35.4%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 110.8% 109.6% 116.5% 110.8%
Alternative markets reinsurance:
Gross premiums written.................. $ 20,906 $ 25,114 $ 79,107 $ 64,775
Net premiums written.................... 16,536 23,297 65,703 57,948
Premiums earned......................... 24,374 18,569 89,097 47,963
Pre-tax operating loss.................. (58,484) (1,150) (63,149) (1,157)
Loss ratio.............................. 293.3% 75.8% 134.9% 75.3%
Expense ratio........................... 53.6% 39.8% 41.9% 37.1%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 346.9% 115.6% 176.8% 112.4%
Total
Gross premiums written.................. $560,104 $453,690 $1,614,538 $1,350,358
Net premiums written.................... 469,227 376,084 1,355,026 1,111,926
Premiums earned......................... 425,395 370,832 1,222,390 1,091,683
Pre-tax operating income (loss)......... (66,018) 20,201 (12,572) 59,952
Loss ratio.............................. 92.0% 74.5% 78.5% 73.6%
Expense ratio........................... 34.7% 36.1% 35.0% 35.5%
GAAP combined ratio..................... 126.7% 110.6% 113.5% 109.1%
---------------
(1) Operating income represents net income before realized investment gains and
restructuring charges.
SF-5
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
AFTER TAX EARNINGS
FOR THE THREE FOR THE NINE
MONTHS ENDED MONTHS ENDED
SEPTEMBER 30, SEPTEMBER 30,
------------------- -------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
-------- ------- -------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
After Tax Earnings:
Operating income before September 11th
loss(1)...................................... $ 10,587 $ 8,793 $ 38,272 $24,855
September 11th loss............................. (22,750) -- (22,750) --
-------- ------- -------- -------
Operating income (loss)(2)................... (12,163) 8,793 15,522 24,855
Discontinued businesses(3)...................... (39,883) (2,410) (50,562) (6,802)
Restructuring charge............................ -- -- -- (1,203)
Realized gains.................................. 4,800 709 7,658 1,224
-------- ------- -------- -------
Net income (loss)............................ $(47,246) $ 7,092 $(27,382) $18,074
======== ======= ======== =======
Earnings (loss) per diluted shares:
Operating income before September 11th
loss(1)...................................... $ 0.36 $ 0.34 $ 1.35 $ 0.96
September 11th loss............................. (0.78) -- (0.80) --
-------- ------- -------- -------
Operating income (loss)(2)................... (0.42) 0.34 0.55 0.96
Discontinued businesses(3)...................... (1.37) (.09) (1.78) (0.26)
Restructuring charge............................ -- -- -- (0.05)
Realized gains.................................. 0.16 0.02 0.26 0.05
-------- ------- -------- -------
Net income (loss)............................ $ (1.63) $ 0.27 $ (0.97) $ 0.70
======== ======= ======== =======
Cash flow from operations before change in trading
account......................................... $ 85,756 $65,185 $128,904 $79,429
======== ======= ======== =======
------------
(1) Catastrophe losses for ongoing business, excluding losses related to the
September 11th event, were $10 million pretax, or 21 cents per diluted share
after-tax, in the third quarter of 2001 compared with $12 million pretax, or
29 cents per diluted share after-tax, in the year-earlier period.
Catastrophe losses for on-going business, excluding losses related to the
September 11th event, were $32 million pretax, or 70 cents per diluted share
after-tax, in the first nine months of 2001 compared with $26 million
pretax, or 66 cents per diluted share after-tax, in the year-earlier period.
(2) Operating income represents net income before discontinued businesses,
realized investment gains and restructuring charges.
(3) Catastrophe losses for the discontinued businesses were $7 million pre-tax,
or 16 cents per diluted share after-tax, in the third quarter of 2001
compared with $8 million pre-tax, or 21 cents per diluted share after-tax,
in the year-earlier period. Catastrophe losses for the discontinued
businesses were $25 million pre-tax, or 55 cents per diluted share
after-tax, in the first nine months of 2001 compared with $17 million
pre-tax, or 44 cents per diluted share after-tax, in the year-earlier
period.
SF-6
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION
PAGE
----
UNAUDITED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Six Months
Ended June 30, 2001 and 2000.............................. F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2001 and December
31, 2000.................................................. F-3
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months
Ended June 30, 2001 and 2000.............................. F-4
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................. F-5
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
Independent Auditors' Report................................ F-10
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended
December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998.......................... F-11
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2000 and
1999...................................................... F-12
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the
Years Ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998.............. F-13
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for 2000,
1999 and 1998............................................. F-14
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998.......................... F-15
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................. F-16
F-1
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30,
----------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
(UNAUDITED)
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS
EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
Revenues:
Net premiums written...................................... $885,799 $735,842
Change in unearned premiums............................... (88,804) (14,991)
-------- --------
Premiums earned........................................ 796,995 720,851
Net investment income..................................... 100,798 96,512
Service fees.............................................. 36,703 35,717
Realized investment gains................................. 4,397 793
Other income.............................................. 1,257 1,384
-------- --------
Total revenues.................................... 940,150 855,257
Expenses:
Losses and loss expenses.................................. 568,121 527,252
Other operating expenses.................................. 321,942 293,577
Interest expense.......................................... 22,862 24,284
Restructuring charge...................................... -- 1,850
-------- --------
Total expenses.................................... 912,925 846,963
-------- --------
Income before income tax and minority interest............ 27,225 8,294
Income tax (expense) benefit................................ (5,558) 3,216
Minority interest........................................... (1,803) (528)
-------- --------
Net income................................................ $ 19,864 $ 10,982
======== ========
Net income per share:
Basic..................................................... $ .71 $ .43
======== ========
Diluted................................................... $ .68 $ .43
======== ========
Average shares outstanding:
Basic..................................................... 27,975 25,619
======== ========
Diluted................................................... 29,243 25,725
======== ========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-2
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
JUNE 30, DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
----------- ------------
(UNAUDITED)
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Assets
Investments:
Invested cash............................................. $ 369,148 $ 308,193
Fixed maturity securities:
Held to maturity, at cost (fair value $166,388 and
$164,229).............................................. 157,027 156,067
Available for sale, at fair value (cost $2,147,020 and
$2,087,338)............................................ 2,180,207 2,115,824
Equity securities, at fair value:
Available for sale (cost $72,041 and $76,545)........... 85,009 83,823
Trading account (cost $247,708 and $340,617)............ 250,313 347,271
Cash........................................................ 18,310 938
Premiums and fees receivable................................ 474,244 416,243
Due from reinsurers......................................... 724,673 713,392
Accrued investment income................................... 35,924 36,578
Prepaid reinsurance premiums................................ 100,147 99,444
Deferred policy acquisition costs........................... 215,488 196,231
Real estate, furniture & equipment at cost, less accumulated
depreciation.............................................. 119,553 118,282
Excess of cost over net assets acquired..................... 68,158 71,496
Trading account receivable from brokers and clearing
organizations............................................. 303,666 269,444
Deferred federal and foreign income taxes................... 46,772 47,567
Other assets................................................ 48,576 41,277
---------- ----------
Total assets....................................... $5,197,215 $5,022,070
========== ==========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Liabilities:
Reserves for losses and loss expenses..................... $2,544,854 $2,533,917
Unearned premiums......................................... 802,564 713,239
Due to reinsurers......................................... 167,820 132,521
Short-term debt........................................... -- 10,000
Trading securities sold but not yet purchased, at fair
value
(proceeds $93,480 and $164,312)......................... 97,648 169,020
Long-term debt............................................ 370,356 370,158
Other liabilities......................................... 159,284 182,273
---------- ----------
Total Liabilities.................................. 4,142,526 4,111,128
---------- ----------
Trust preferred securities.................................. 198,189 198,169
Minority interest........................................... 28,940 31,877
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $.10 per share:
Authorized 5,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding--none...................................... -- --
Common stock, par value $.20 per share:
Authorized 80,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding,
net of treasury shares, 29,013,787 and 25,656,362
shares................................................. 7,902 7,281
Additional paid-in capital................................ 456,273 334,061
Retained earnings......................................... 586,675 574,345
Accumulated other comprehensive income.................... 25,906 19,371
Treasury stock, at cost, 10,495,057 and 10,747,482
shares.................................................. (249,196) (254,162)
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity......................... 827,560 680,896
---------- ----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity......... $5,197,215 $5,022,070
========== ==========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-3
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30,
------------------------
2001 2000
----------- ---------
(UNAUDITED)
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities:
Net income................................................ $ 19,864 $ 10,982
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from
(used in) operating activities:
Minority interest....................................... 1,803 528
Change in reserves for losses and loss expenses, net of
due to/from reinsurers................................. 34,955 37,987
Depreciation and amortization........................... 9,272 10,207
Change in unearned premiums and prepaid reinsurance
premiums............................................... 88,622 14,878
Change in premiums and fees receivable.................. (58,939) (22,045)
Change in Federal and foreign income taxes.............. 3,369 (3,304)
Change in deferred acquisition cost..................... (19,257) (9,139)
Realized gains on investments........................... (4,397) (793)
Other, net.............................................. (32,144) (25,057)
--------- ---------
Net cash flows from operating activities before
trading account sales............................ 43,148 14,244
Trading account sales, net.................................. (6,418) (17,545)
--------- ---------
Net cash flows from (used in) operating activities...... 36,730 (3,301)
--------- ---------
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities:
Proceeds from sales, excluding trading account:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale............ 281,031 752,816
Equity securities....................................... 17,983 29,884
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of fixed maturity
securities.............................................. 83,215 87,610
Cost of purchases, excluding trading account:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale............ (427,746) (762,630)
Equity securities....................................... (10,526) (58,238)
Change in balances due to/from security brokers........... (7,892) (4,489)
Net additions to real estate, furniture & equipment....... (9,913) (4,389)
Net proceeds from sale (purchase) of subsidiaries......... 2,348 2,532
Other, net................................................ 969 1,000
--------- ---------
Net cash flows from (used in) investing
activities....................................... (70,531) 44,096
--------- ---------
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities:
Net proceeds from stock offering.......................... 121,400 --
Net repayment of short-term debt.......................... (10,000) (35,000)
Cash dividends to common stockholders..................... (7,096) (6,067)
Net proceeds from issuance of treasury shares............. 4,966 143
Retirement of long-term debt.............................. -- (25,000)
Other, net................................................ 2,858 124
--------- ---------
Net cash flows from (used in) financing
activities....................................... 112,128 (65,800)
--------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and invested
cash......................................... 78,327 (25,005)
Cash and invested cash at beginning of year................. 309,131 315,474
--------- ---------
Cash and invested cash at end of period........ 387,458 290,469
========= =========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid............................................. $ 22,758 $ 24,532
========= =========
Federal and foreign income taxes paid, net................ $ 1,230 $ 218
========= =========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-4
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2001
(UNAUDITED)
The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements should be read
in conjunction with the following notes and with the Consolidated Financial
Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2000.
1. FEDERAL AND FOREIGN INCOME TAXES
The federal and foreign income tax provision has been computed based on the
Company's estimated annual effective tax rate which differs from the Federal
income tax rate of 35% principally because of tax-exempt investment income.
2. PER SHARE DATA
Basic per share data is based upon the weighted average number of shares
outstanding during the year. Shares issued in connection with loans to
shareholders are not considered to be outstanding for the purpose of calculating
basic per share amounts. The related amounts due from shareholders are excluded
from stockholders' equity. Diluted per share data reflects the potential
dilution that would occur if dilutive employee stock options were exercised. On
March 6, 2001 the Company issued 3,105,000 shares of its common stock. The
Company received net proceeds of $121 million from the offering.
3. REINSURANCE CEDED
The amounts of ceded reinsurance included in the statements of operations
are as follows (amounts in thousands):
FOR THE THREE FOR THE SIX
MONTHS MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30, ENDED JUNE 30,
------------------ --------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
------- ------- -------- --------
Ceded premiums written.................... $85,275 $84,196 $168,635 $160,826
======= ======= ======== ========
Ceded premiums earned..................... $91,510 $76,304 $168,211 $146,344
======= ======= ======== ========
Ceded losses and loss expenses............ $61,146 $46,101 $130,490 $101,795
======= ======= ======== ========
Ceded earned premiums were $168 million in the first six months of 2001 and
included ceded earned premiums of $15 million in the second quarter under the
aggregate reinsurance agreement. In 2001, the Company implemented a series of
changes to its ceded reinsurance program. These changes included increasing the
catastrophe reinsurance protection for weather-related losses to a maximum of
$48.5 million (from $34 million in 2000) above our retention of $6 million,
increasing retention levels for individual property casualty risks (generally to
$1 million in 2001 from $300,000 to $500,000 in 2000) and replacing various
individual reinsurance contracts with a multi-year aggregate reinsurance
agreement. The aggregate reinsurance agreement provides protection for
individual losses on an excess of loss or quota share basis, as specified for
each class of business covered by the agreement, and also provides protection
for our reinsurance segment for loss and loss adjustment expenses incurred above
a certain level beginning for the 2001 accident year. Coverage begins as the
various predecessor treaties expire through April 1, 2002 and is subject to
annual limits and an aggregate limit over the contract period.
F-5
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
4. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The differences between comprehensive income (loss) and net income are
unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) as well as unrealized gains (losses)
on securities. The following is a reconciliation of comprehensive income (loss)
(amounts in thousands):
FOR THE THREE FOR THE SIX
MONTHS MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30, ENDED JUNE 30,
------------------ ------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
-------- ------ ------- -------
Net income.................................. $ 9,598 $6,636 $19,864 $10,982
-------- ------ ------- -------
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in unrealized foreign exchange gains
(losses).................................. 77 (174) (383) (43)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on
investment securities arising during the
period.................................... (14,321) 2,782 4,060 7,900
Reclassification adjustment for gains
included in net income, net of tax........ 1,665 211 2,858 515
-------- ------ ------- -------
Other comprehensive income (loss)......... (12,579) 2,819 6,535 8,372
-------- ------ ------- -------
Comprehensive income (loss)............... $ (2,981) $9,455 $26,399 $19,354
======== ====== ======= =======
5. INDUSTRY SEGMENTS
The Company's operations are presently conducted through five segments:
specialty; alternative markets; reinsurance; regional property casualty
insurance and international. The specialty lines of insurance consist primarily
of excess and surplus lines, commercial transportation, professional liability,
directors and officers liability and surety. The Company's alternative markets
segment specializes in writing workers' compensation insurance and providing
insurance services for public entities, provide employers and associations. The
Company's reinsurance segment specializes in underwriting property, casualty and
surety reinsurance on both a treaty and facultative basis. The regional property
casualty insurance segment writes standard commercial and personal lines
insurance for such risks as automobiles, homes and businesses. The international
segment writes property and casualty insurance, as well as life insurance, in
Argentina and the Philippines. For the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2000,
the international segment wrote life insurance premiums of $15.7 million and
$16.4 million, respectively.
Effective January 1, 2001, management responsibility and financial
reporting for alternative markets business produced through traditional
reinsurance intermediaries was transferred from the alternative markets segment
to the reinsurance segment. Segment information for the prior period has been
restated to reflect the change.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in
the summary of significant accounting policies in the Company's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000. Income tax expense (benefits)
were calculated in accordance with the Company's tax sharing agreements, which
provide for the recognition of tax loss carry-forwards only to the extent of
taxes previously paid. Summary financial information about the Company's
operating segments is presented in the following table. Income before income
taxes by segment consists of revenues less expenses related to the respective
segment's operations. These amounts include realized gains (losses) where
applicable. Intersegment revenues consist primarily of dividends and interest on
inter-company debt. Identifiable assets by segment are those assets used in the
operation of each segment.
F-6
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
INCOME
REVENUES (LOSS)
--------------------------------- BEFORE INCOME TAX
INVESTMENT UNAFFILIATED INTER- INCOME (EXPENSE)
INCOME CUSTOMERS SEGMENT TOTAL TAXES BENEFITS
---------- ------------ ------- -------- -------- ----------
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
For the three months ended
June 30, 2001:
Specialty................. $10,152 $102,118 $ 576 $102,694 $ 12,351 $(3,260)
Alternative Markets....... 9,521 55,379 458 55,837 11,094 (3,221)
Reinsurance............... 12,950 105,663 592 106,255 1,873 (283)
Regional.................. 14,147 188,192 320 188,512 394 1,248
International............. 3,213 37,444 -- 37,444 3,983 (1,601)
Corporate other and
Eliminations........... 385 2,201 (1,946) 255 (16,082) 4,043
------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------
Consolidated.............. $50,368 $490,997 $ -- $490,997 $ 13,613 $(3,074)
======= ======== ======= ======== ======== =======
For the three months ended
June 30, 2000:
Specialty................. $11,838 $ 79,976 $1,068 $ 81,044 $ 6,799 $(1,954)
Alternative Markets....... 7,717 49,253 (345) 48,908 10,352 (2,361)
Reinsurance............... 13,340 97,834 297 98,131 4,135 (867)
Regional.................. 14,754 174,217 746 174,963 (3,153) 2,740
International............. 2,096 27,388 -- 27,388 1,178 (233)
Corporate other and
Eliminations........... (161) 3,265 (1,766) 1,499 (12,882) 3,239
------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------
Consolidated.............. $49,584 $431,933 $ -- $431,933 $ 6,429 $ 564
======= ======== ======= ======== ======== =======
Interest expense for the reinsurance and alternative market segments was
$772,000 and $743,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2001 and 2000,
respectively. Corporate interest expense (net of intercompany amounts) was
$10,640,000 and $11,048,000 for the corresponding periods.
F-7
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
INCOME
REVENUES (LOSS)
--------------------------------- BEFORE INCOME TAX
INVESTMENT UNAFFILIATED INTER- INCOME (EXPENSE)
INCOME CUSTOMERS SEGMENT TOTAL TAXES BENEFITS
---------- ------------ ------- -------- -------- ----------
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
For the six months ended
June 30, 2001:
Specialty................. $ 20,514 $188,202 $1,254 $189,456 $ 21,207 $(4,665)
Alternative Markets....... 19,328 107,500 885 108,385 19,858 (5,781)
Reinsurance............... 26,266 206,285 1,056 207,341 5,305 (801)
Regional.................. 28,034 361,573 681 362,254 5,829 432
International............. 6,536 72,633 -- 72,633 6,126 (2,196)
Corporate other and
Eliminations........... 120 3,957 (3,876) 81 (31,100) 7,453
-------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------
Consolidated.............. $100,798 $940,150 $ -- $940,150 $ 27,225 $(5,558)
======== ======== ======= ======== ======== =======
For the six months ended
June 30, 2000:
Specialty................. $ 22,952 $156,496 $1,322 $157,818 $ 10,667 $(2,447)
Alternative Markets....... 16,023 89,288 22 89,310 16,313 (3,932)
Reinsurance............... 26,440 197,618 399 198,017 9,587 (1,790)
Regional.................. 27,878 354,009 881 354,890 (1,317) 1,104
International............. 4,163 53,571 -- 53,571 2,107 (612)
Corporate other and
Eliminations........... (944) 4,275 (2,624) 1,651 (29,063) 10,893
-------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------
Consolidated.............. $ 96,512 $855,257 $ -- $855,257 $ 8,294 $ 3,216
======== ======== ======= ======== ======== =======
Interest expense for the reinsurance and alternative market segments was
$1,537,000 and $1,460,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2000,
respectively. Corporate interest expense (net of intercompany amounts) was
$21,325,000 and $22,824,000 for the corresponding periods. Identifiable assets
by segment are as follows (amounts in thousands):
JUNE 30, DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
---------- ------------
Specialty................................................ $1,401,180 $1,425,123
Alternative Markets...................................... 817,179 759,935
Reinsurance.............................................. 1,817,350 1,787,940
Regional................................................. 1,537,715 1,498,179
International............................................ 267,720 248,243
Corporate other and eliminations......................... (643,929) (697,350)
---------- ----------
Consolidated............................................. $5,197,215 $5,022,070
========== ==========
6. OTHER MATTERS
Reclassifications have been made in the 2000 financial statements as
originally reported to conform them to the presentation of the 2001 financial
statements.
F-8
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
In the opinion of management, the summarized financial information reflects
all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accrual or adjustments) which
are necessary for a fair presentation of financial position and results of
operations for the interim periods. The consolidated results of operations for
the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be
anticipated for the entire year. Seasonal weather variations affect the severity
and frequency of losses sustained by the insurance and reinsurance subsidiaries.
Although the effect on the Company's business of such natural catastrophes as
tornadoes, hurricanes, hailstorms and earthquakes is mitigated by reinsurance,
they nevertheless can have a significant impact on the results of any one or
more reporting periods.
7. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In the first quarter 2001 the Company adopted FAS 133, "Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," which establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments. The adoption of this statement
did not have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or
financial condition.
In July 2001, the FASB issued Statement No. 141, "Business Combinations",
and Statement No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets". Statement 141
requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business
combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 as well as all purchase method
business combinations completed after June 30, 2001. Statement 142 will require
that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives no longer be
amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in accordance
with the provisions of Statement 142. Amortization of goodwill was $2,071,000
and $1,953,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Statement 142 will also require that intangible assets with estimable useful
lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their
estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with FAS
Statement No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for
Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of". Statement 142 is effective in fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2001. Impairment losses for goodwill and
indefinite-lived intangible assets that arise due to the initial application of
this Statement (resulting from a transitional impairment test) are to be
reported as resulting from a change in accounting principle. Retroactive
application is not permitted. The Company has not yet determined the impact of
Statement 142 to its consolidated financial statements.
F-9
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
Board of Directors and Stockholders
W. R. Berkley Corporation
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of W. R. Berkley
Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, comprehensive
income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended
December 31, 2000. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of W. R.
Berkley Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the
results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 2000, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the
Company has changed its method of accounting for insurance related assessments
in 1999.
KPMG LLP
New York, New York
February 23, 2001, except for Note 20 which is as of March 6, 2001
F-10
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
---------- ---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE
DATA)
Revenues:
Net premiums written...................................... $1,506,244 $1,427,719 $1,346,254
Change in net unearned premiums........................... (15,230) (13,335) (67,855)
---------- ---------- ----------
Premiums earned......................................... 1,491,014 1,414,384 1,278,399
Net investment income..................................... 210,448 190,316 202,420
Service fees.............................................. 68,049 72,344 70,727
Realized investment gains (losses)........................ 8,364 (6,064) 25,400
Other income.............................................. 3,412 2,688 5,571
---------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues.......................................... 1,781,287 1,673,668 1,582,517
Operating costs and expenses:
Losses and loss expenses.................................. 1,094,411 1,085,826 914,762
Other operating costs and expenses........................ 596,579 604,784 556,155
Interest expense.......................................... 47,596 50,801 48,819
Restructuring charge...................................... 1,850 11,505 --
---------- ---------- ----------
Income (loss) before income taxes....................... 40,851 (79,248) 62,781
Income tax benefit (expense)................................ (2,451) 45,766 (5,465)
---------- ---------- ----------
Income (loss) before minority interest and preferred
dividends............................................. 38,400 (33,482) 57,316
Minority interest........................................... (2,162) (566) 1,444
Preferred dividends......................................... -- (497) (7,548)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss) before change in accounting and
extraordinary gain (loss)............................. 36,238 (34,545) 51,212
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (net of
taxes).................................................... -- (3,250) --
Extraordinary gain (loss) on early extinguishment of
long-term debt (net of taxes)............................. -- 735 (5,017)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders... $ 36,238 $ (37,060) $ 46,195
========== ========== ==========
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic
Net income (loss) before change in accounting and
extraordinary gain (loss)............................. $ 1.41 $ (1.35) $ 1.82
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (net
of taxes)............................................. -- (.12) --
Extraordinary gain (loss) on early extinguishment of
long-term debt........................................ -- .03 (.18)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders... $ 1.41 $ (1.44) $ 1.64
========== ========== ==========
Diluted
Net income (loss) before change in accounting and
extraordinary gain (loss)............................. $ 1.39 $ (1.34) $ 1.76
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (net
of taxes)............................................. -- (.12) --
Extraordinary gain (loss) on early extinguishment of
long-term debt........................................ -- .03 (.17)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders... $ 1.39 $ (1.43) $ 1.59
========== ========== ==========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-11
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
2000 1999
---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS,
EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
ASSETS
Investments:
Invested cash............................................. $ 308,193 $ 295,423
Fixed maturity securities:
Held to maturity, at cost (fair value $164,229 and
$150,465)............................................. 156,067 152,657
Available for sale, at fair value (cost $2,087,338 and
$2,180,509)........................................... 2,115,824 2,110,411
Equity securities, at fair value:
Available for sale (cost $76,545 and $54,437).......... 83,823 61,380
Trading account (cost $340,617 and $236,453)........... 347,271 253,430
Cash........................................................ 938 20,051
Premiums and fees receivable................................ 416,243 380,887
Due from reinsurers......................................... 713,392 620,446
Accrued investment income................................... 36,578 36,925
Prepaid reinsurance premiums................................ 99,444 91,005
Deferred policy acquisition costs........................... 196,231 182,348
Real estate, furniture and equipment at cost, less
accumulated depreciation.................................. 118,282 128,735
Deferred Federal and foreign income taxes................... 47,567 81,976
Excess of cost over net assets acquired..................... 71,496 76,523
Trading account receivable from brokers and clearing
organizations............................................. 269,444 258,454
Other assets................................................ 41,277 34,140
---------- ----------
Total Assets................................................ $5,022,070 $4,784,791
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:
Reserves for losses and loss expenses..................... $2,533,917 $2,361,238
Unearned premiums......................................... 713,239 689,826
Due to reinsurers......................................... 132,521 144,712
Trading securities sold but not yet purchased, at fair
value (proceeds $164,312 and $138,731)................. 169,020 155,826
Short-term debt........................................... 10,000 35,000
Other liabilities......................................... 182,273 183,218
Long-term debt............................................ 370,158 394,792
---------- ----------
Total Liabilities........................................... 4,111,128 3,964,612
---------- ----------
Trust preferred securities.................................. 198,169 198,126
Minority interest........................................... 31,877 30,275
---------- ----------
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $.10 per share:
Authorized 5,000,000 shares, issued and
outstanding--none..................................... -- --
Common stock, par value $.20 per share:
Authorized 80,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding,
net of treasury shares, 25,656,362 and 25,616,578
shares................................................ 7,281 7,281
Additional paid-in capital................................ 334,061 331,640
Retained earnings......................................... 574,345 551,401
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)............. 19,371 (44,500)
Treasury stock, at cost, 10,747,482 and 10,787,489
shares................................................. (254,162) (254,044)
---------- ----------
Total Stockholders' Equity.................................. 680,896 591,778
---------- ----------
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity.................. $5,022,070 $4,784,791
========== ==========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-12
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000, 1999 AND 1998
-----------------------------------------------------------------
PREFERRED
AND COMMON
STOCK AND ACCUMULATED
TOTAL ADDITIONAL OTHER
STOCKHOLDERS' PAID-IN RETAINED COMPREHENSIVE TREASURY
EQUITY CAPITAL EARNINGS INCOME (LOSS) STOCK
------------- ---------- -------- ------------- ---------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
Balance, December 31, 1997..... $ 947,292 $436,106 $569,160 $ 58,206 $(116,180)
Net income attributable to
common stockholders....... 46,195 -- 46,195 -- --
Change in other comprehensive
income (loss)............. (3,534) -- -- (3,534) --
Issuance of common shares.... 2,719 851 -- -- 1,868
Purchase of treasury stock... (117,944) -- -- -- (117,944)
Dividends to common
stockholders ($.48 per
share).................... (13,447) -- (13,447) -- --
--------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 1998..... 861,281 436,957 601,908 54,672 (232,256)
Net (loss) attributable to
common stockholders....... (37,060) -- (37,060) -- --
Change in other comprehensive
income (loss)............. (99,172) -- -- (99,172) --
Issuance of common shares.... 387 56 -- -- 331
Purchase of treasury stock... (22,119) -- -- -- (22,119)
Repurchase of preferred
stock..................... (98,092) (98,092) -- -- --
Dividends to common
stockholders ($.52 per
share).................... (13,447) -- (13,447) -- --
--------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 1999..... 591,778 338,921 551,401 (44,500) (254,044)
Net income attributable to
common stockholders....... 36,238 -- 36,238 -- --
Change in other comprehensive
income (loss)............. 63,871 -- -- 63,871 --
Issuance of common shares.... 9,323 2,421 -- -- 6,902
Purchase of treasury stock... (7,020) -- -- -- (7,020)
Dividends to common
stockholders ($.52 per
share).................... (13,294) -- (13,294) -- --
--------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 2000..... $ 680,896 $341,342 $574,345 $ 19,371 $(254,162)
========= ======== ======== ======== =========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-13
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
2000 1999 1998
-------- --------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders..... $ 36,238 $ (37,060) $ 46,195
-------- --------- --------
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on investment
securities arising during the period, net of taxes of
($37,762), $55,491 and ($7,839)...................... 70,129 (103,055) 14,558
Less: Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)
losses included in net income........................ (5,436) 3,942 (16,510)
-------- --------- --------
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) during the
period.................................................. 64,693 (99,113) (1,952)
Change in unrealized foreign exchange (losses).......... (822) (59) (1,582)
-------- --------- --------
Other comprehensive income (loss)....................... 63,871 (99,172) (3,534)
-------- --------- --------
Comprehensive income (loss)............................. $100,109 $(136,232) $ 42,661
======== ========= ========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-14
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
--------- --------- -----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities:
Net income (loss) before minority interest, preferred
dividends and extraordinary items....................... $ 38,400 $ (36,732) $ 57,316
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows
provided by operating activities:
Increase in reserves for losses and loss expenses, net of
due to/from reinsurers.................................. 69,417 141,718 169,285
Depreciation and amortization............................. 21,700 23,598 22,658
Change in unearned premiums and prepaid reinsurance
premiums................................................ 14,974 13,490 68,095
Change in premiums and fees receivable.................... (35,356) (3,386) (45,727)
Change in Federal and foreign income taxes................ 2,138 (34,289) (26,923)
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs............... (13,883) (12,457) (22,057)
Realized investment (gains) losses........................ (8,364) 6,064 (25,400)
Other, net................................................ (12,692) (15,959) 60,021
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash provided by operating activities before
increase in trading account securities............... 76,334 82,047 257,268
Increase in trading account securities.................... (89,609) (32,978) (37,565)
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities..... (13,275) 49,069 219,703
--------- --------- -----------
Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities:
Proceeds from sales, excluding trading account:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale............ 725,961 594,993 715,459
Equity securities....................................... 48,079 17,200 52,727
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of fixed maturity
securities.............................................. 142,636 147,668 297,303
Cost of purchases, excluding trading account:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale............ (773,804) (695,928) (1,033,190)
Fixed maturity securities held to maturity.............. -- (3,034)
Equity securities....................................... (70,988) (14,397) (33,217)
Proceeds (cost) of acquired/sold companies, net of
acquired cash and invested cash......................... 2,187 (1,533) (3,304)
Net additions to real estate, furniture and equipment..... (7,529) (8,127) (27,167)
Other, net................................................ 1,176 (435) 3,956
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities..... 67,718 39,441 (30,467)
--------- --------- -----------
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:
Repurchase of long-term debt.............................. (25,000) -- (49,104)
Net change in short-term debt............................. (25,000) (20,500) 55,500
Cash dividends to common stockholders..................... (12,701) (13,888) (13,518)
Purchase of common treasury shares........................ (7,020) (22,119) (117,944)
Other, net................................................ 8,935 6,060 735
Repurchase of preferred stock............................. -- (98,092) --
Repurchase of trust preferred securities.................. -- (8,774) --
Cash dividends to preferred stockholders.................. -- (2,001) (7,356)
Net proceeds from issuance of long-term debt.............. -- -- 47,882
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash used in financing activities................... (60,786) (159,314) (83,805)
--------- --------- -----------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and invested cash........... (6,343) (70,804) 105,431
Cash and invested cash at beginning of year................. 315,474 386,278 280,847
--------- --------- -----------
Cash and invested cash at end of year....................... $ 309,131 $ 315,474 $ 386,278
========= ========= ===========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid on debt..................................... $ 48,053 $ 50,801 $ 48,976
========= ========= ===========
Federal income taxes (received) paid...................... $ (1,079) $ (12,973) $ 32,090
========= ========= ===========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-15
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000, 1999 AND 1998
(1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
(A) PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The consolidated financial statements, which include the accounts of W. R.
Berkley Corporation and its subsidiaries (the "Company"), have been prepared on
the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America ("GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and balances have
been eliminated. Reclassifications have been made in the 1999 and 1998 financial
statements to conform them to the presentation of the 2000 financial statements.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the revenues and expenses reflected
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
(B) REVENUE RECOGNITION
Insurance premiums written are recognized as earned generally on a pro-rata
basis over the contract period. Service fees on insurance service contracts are
recorded as earned primarily on a pro-rata basis over the policy period.
(C) INVESTMENTS
The Company has classified its investments into three categories.
Securities that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to
maturity are classified as "held to maturity" and reported at amortized cost.
Securities which the Company purchased with the intent to sell in the near-term
are classified as "trading" and are reported at estimated fair value, with
unrealized gains and losses reflected in the statement of operations. The
remaining securities are classified as "available for sale" and carried at
estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of applicable taxes,
excluded from earnings and reported as a component of comprehensive income
(loss) and a separate component of stockholders' equity. Fair value is generally
determined using published market values.
Realized gains or losses represent the difference between the cost of
securities sold and the proceeds realized upon sale. The cost of securities is
adjusted where appropriate to include a provision for significant decline in
value which is considered to be other than temporary. The Company uses the
specific identification method where possible, and the first-in, first-out
method in other instances, to determine the cost of securities sold. Realized
gains or losses, including any provision for decline in value, are included in
the statement of operations.
(D) TRADING ACCOUNT
Equity securities purchased (long portfolio positions) are presented in the
balance sheet as trading account assets. Equity securities sold but not yet
purchased (short sales and short call options) are presented as trading
securities sold but not yet purchased. Unsettled trades and the net margin
balances held by the clearing broker are presented as trading account receivable
from brokers and clearing organizations. The Company's trading account portfolio
is recorded at fair value. Realized and unrealized gains and losses from trading
activity are reported as net investment income.
(E) PER SHARE DATA
Basic per share data is based upon the weighted average number of shares
outstanding during the year. Diluted per share data reflects the potential
dilution that would occur if employee stock-based compensation plans were
exercised. Shares issued in connection with loans to shareholders are not
considered to be
F-16
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
outstanding for the purposes of calculating basic per share amounts. The related
amounts due from shareholders are excluded from stockholders' equity.
(F) DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS
Acquisition costs (primarily commissions and premium taxes) incurred in
writing insurance and reinsurance business are deferred and amortized ratably
over the terms of the related contracts. Deferred policy acquisition costs are
limited to the amounts estimated to be recoverable from the applicable unearned
premiums and the related anticipated investment income by giving effect to
anticipated losses, loss adjustment expenses and expenses necessary to maintain
the contracts in force.
(G) RESERVES FOR LOSSES AND LOSS EXPENSES
Reserves for losses and loss expenses are an accumulation of amounts
determined on the basis of (1) evaluation of claims for business written
directly by the Company; (2) estimates received from other companies for
reinsurance assumed; and (3) estimates for losses incurred but not reported
(based on Company and industry experience). These estimates are periodically
reviewed and, as experience develops and new information becomes known, the
reserves are adjusted as necessary. Such adjustments are reflected in results of
operations in the period in which they are determined. The Company discounts its
reserves for excess and assumed workers' compensation claims using a "risk-free"
rate. (See Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
(H) REINSURANCE CEDED
Ceded unearned premiums are reported as prepaid reinsurance premiums and
estimated amounts of reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses are included in
due from reinsurers. To the extent any reinsurer does not meet its obligations
under reinsurance agreements, the Company must discharge the liability. Amounts
due from reinsurers are reflected net of funds held where the right of offset is
present. The Company has provided reserves for uncollectible reinsurance.
(I) EXCESS OF COST OVER NET ASSETS ACQUIRED
Costs in excess of the net assets of subsidiaries acquired are being
amortized on a straight-line basis over 25 to 40 years. The Company continually
evaluates the amortization period of its intangible assets. Estimates of useful
lives are revised when circumstances or events indicate that the original
estimate is no longer appropriate. Amortization (including adjustments) of the
excess of cost over net assets acquired was $4,036,000, $3,866,000 and
$3,178,000 for 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
(J) FEDERAL AND FOREIGN INCOME TAXES
The Company files a consolidated income tax return in the U.S. and foreign
tax returns in the countries of its overseas operations.
The Company's method of accounting for income taxes is the asset and
liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and
liabilities are measured using tax rates currently in effect or expected to
apply in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse.
(K) STOCK OPTIONS
The Company uses the intrinsic-value method of accounting for stock-based
awards granted to employees and, accordingly, does not recognize compensation
expense for its stock-based awards to employees. (See Note 10 of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements).
F-17
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
(L) FOREIGN CURRENCY
Revenues and expenses in foreign currencies are translated at the weighted
average exchange rate during the year. Assets and liabilities are translated at
the rate of exchange in effect at the close of the period. Unrealized gains or
losses (losses of $4,174,000 and $3,352,000 as of December 31, 2000 and 1999,
respectively) resulting from translating foreign currency financial statements
are reported as a component of common stockholders' equity. Gains or losses
(gains of $775,000 and $1,543,000 for 2000 and 1998, respectively, and losses of
$381,000 for 1999) resulting from foreign currency transactions (transactions
denominated in a currency other than the entity's functional currency) are
included in the statement of operations.
(M) REAL ESTATE, FURNITURE AND EQUIPMENT
Real estate, furniture and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated
depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful lives of the
respective assets. Depreciation expense was $17,704,000, $16,291,000 and
$17,114,000 for 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
(N) COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Comprehensive income (loss) encompasses all changes in stockholders' equity
(except those arising from transactions with stockholders) and includes net
income, net unrealized capital gains or losses on available-for-sale securities
and unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments.
(O) INSURANCE RELATED ASSESSMENTS
As of January 1, 1999, the Company adopted the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position ("SOP") 97-3,
"Accounting by Insurance and Other Enterprises for Insurance Related
Assessments." This statement provides guidance for determining when an entity
should recognize liabilities for guarantee fund and other insurance related
assessments, how to measure those liabilities and when an asset may be
recognized for the recovery of such assessments through premium tax offsets or
policy surcharges. The adoption of this statement resulted in an after tax
charge of $3,250,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999, which is reflected as
a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.
(P) RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
During 1999, the FASB issued FAS 137, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities--Deferral of the Effective Date of FASB 133,
and Amendment of FASB 133" which extended the effective date of FAS 133 to
January 1, 2001. FAS 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities," establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative
instruments. This statement will not have a material impact on the Company's
results of operations or financial condition.
In September 2000, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, "Accounting for Transfers
and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities, a
replacement of FASB Statement No. 125." This statement will not have a material
impact on the Company's results of operations or financial condition.
(2) LEASE OBLIGATIONS
The Company and its subsidiaries use office space and equipment under
leases expiring at various dates through September 1, 2004. These leases are
considered operating leases for financial reporting purposes. Some of these
leases have options to extend the length of the leases and contain clauses for
cost of living, operating expense and real estate tax adjustments. Rental
expense was approximately: $16,580,000, $16,109,000 and $14,095,000 for 2000,
1999 and 1998, respectively. Future minimum lease payments (without
F-18
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
provision for sublease income) are $14,456,000 in 2001; $11,626,000 in 2002;
$9,375,000 in 2003; $6,071,000 in 2004; and $10,101,000 thereafter.
(3) ACQUISITIONS AND ASSET SALES
During 2000, the company sold the assets of All American Agency Facilities
Inc. ("All American"), a managing general agency, and reported a realized gain
of $3,179,000. All American's revenues and operating profits (losses) were
$1,819,000 and ($638,000) in 2000, $7,480,000 and $381,000 in 1999 and
$5,659,000 and $39,000 in 1998.
During 1999 and 1998, several international and other acquisitions were
completed for an aggregate consideration of approximately $1,533,000 and
$13,389,000, respectively. The acquisitions were accounted for as purchases and,
accordingly, the results of operations of the companies have been included from
the respective dates of acquisition. Proforma results of operations have been
omitted as such effects are not significant.
Net assets of the acquired companies for 1999 and 1998 were as follows:
cash and investments of $0 and $11,871,000; excess of cost over net assets
acquired of $3,744,000 and $6,847,000; and other liabilities, net of other
assets, of $5,277,000 and $5,329,000, respectively.
(4) RESTRUCTURING PLAN
In the first quarter of 2000, the Company implemented a plan to reorganize
its reinsurance business. Under the plan, the reinsurance segment has withdrawn
from the Latin American and Caribbean market, and the domestic reinsurance
operations have focused on specialty reinsurance lines while de-emphasizing
certain commodity-type lines. The Company reduced its permanent workforce by
approximately 37 employees in connection with the plan. The Company reported a
restructuring charge of $1,850,000 to reflect costs related to the plan. This
charge consisted mainly of severance payments of $1,439,000 and contractual
lease payments related to abandoned facilities. The activities under the plan
were substantially completed in 2000.
In the first quarter of 1999, the Company implemented a plan to restructure
certain of its operating units. Under the plan, the Company consolidated ten of
its regional units into four; merged two of its alternative market units;
combined two of its international units; and reduced its workforce by
approximately 386 employees. The Company reported a restructuring charge of
$11,505,000 in the first quarter of 1999 to reflect the estimated costs of the
plan. This charge consists mainly of severance payments of $7,562,000,
contractual lease payments related to abandoned facilities and abandoned
equipment and property owned.
The Company has paid $10,873,000 related to the restructuring charges of
which $7,636,000 relates to severance payments. The remaining restructuring
accrual is $2,482,000 at December 31, 2000, of which certain payments extend
through 2003.
F-19
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
(5) DEBT
Long-term debt consists of the following:
CARRYING
DESCRIPTION RATE MATURITY FACE VALUE VALUE
-------------------------------------- ----- ----------------- ------------ ------------
Senior Notes.......................... 6.71% March 4, 2003 $ 25,000,000 $ 24,957,000
Senior Subordinated Notes............. 6.50% July 1, 2003 35,793,000 35,793,000
Note Payable.......................... (1) December 30, 2003 8,000,000 8,000,000
Senior Notes.......................... 6.375% April 15, 2005 40,000,000 39,854,000
Senior Notes.......................... 6.25% January 15, 2006 100,000,000 99,323,000
Senior Notes.......................... 9.875% May 15, 2008 88,800,000 86,561,000
Senior Debentures..................... 8.70% January 1, 2022 76,503,000 75,670,000
----- ----------------- ------------ ------------
$374,096,000 $370,158,000
============ ============
------------
(1) Floating rate equal to Libor plus 50 basis points.
The difference between the face value of long-term debt and the carrying
value is unamortized discount. All outstanding long-term debt is not redeemable
until maturity.
SHORT-TERM DEBT As of December 31, 2000 and 1999, the Company had
$10,000,000 and $35,000,000, respectively, of outstanding short-term debt under
its unsecured line-of credit. During 2000 and 1999, the average interest rate of
the Company's short-term debt was 6.87% and 5.36%. As of December 31, 2000, the
Company had an additional $65,000,000 of short-term debt available under its
line-of-credit.
(6) TRUST PREFERRED SECURITIES
The Company-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of a
subsidiary trust holding solely junior subordinated debentures ("Trust Preferred
Securities") were issued by the W. R. Berkley Capital Trust ("the Trust") in
1996. All of the common securities of the Trust are owned by the Company. The
sole assets of the Trust are $210,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.197%
Junior Subordinated Debentures due December 15, 2045, issued by the Company (the
"Junior Subordinated Debentures"). The Company's guarantee of payments of cash
distributions and payments on liquidation of the Trust and redemption of the
Trust Preferred Securities, when taken together with the Company's obligations
under the Trust Agreement under which the Trust Preferred Securities were
issued, the Junior Subordinated Debentures and the Indenture under which the
Junior Subordinated Debentures were issued, including its obligations to pay
costs, expenses, debts and liabilities of the Trust (other than with respect to
the Preferred Securities), provide a full and unconditional guarantee of the
Trust's obligations under the Trust Preferred Securities. The Company records
the preferential cumulative cash dividends arising from the payments of interest
on the Junior Subordinated Debentures as interest expense in its consolidated
statement of operations.
The Trust Preferred Securities are subject to mandatory redemption in a
like amount (i) in whole but not in part, on the stated maturity date, upon
repayment of the Junior Subordinated Debentures, (ii) in whole but not in part,
at any time contemporaneously with the optional prepayment of the Junior
Subordinated Debentures by the Company upon the occurrence and continuation of a
certain event and (iii) in whole or in part, on or after December 15, 2006,
contemporaneously with the optional prepayment by the Company of Junior
Subordinated Debentures. In September 1999, a subsidiary of the Company
purchased $10 million (face amount) of the Trust Preferred Securities of
$8,774,000.
F-20
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
(7) COMMITMENTS, LITIGATION AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is engaged in any
litigation known to the Company which management believes will have a material
adverse effect upon the Company's business. As is common with other insurance
companies, the Company's subsidiaries are regularly engaged in the defense of
claims arising out of the conduct of the insurance business.
(8) SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL STATEMENT DATA
Other operating costs and expenses consist of the following:
2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs........... $454,729 $444,289 $394,612
Other operating costs and expenses of insurance
operations................................................ 67,254 77,617 77,596
Other costs and expenses.................................... 74,596 82,878 83,947
-------- -------- --------
Total....................................................... $596,579 $604,784 $556,155
======== ======== ========
(9) REINSURANCE CEDED
The Company follows the customary industry practice of reinsuring a portion
of its exposures principally to reduce net liability on individual risks and to
protect against catastrophic losses. The following amounts arising under
reinsurance ceded contracts have been deducted in arriving at the amounts
reflected in the statement of operations:
2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Premiums written............................................ $310,511 $307,170 $292,238
======== ======== ========
Premiums earned............................................. $301,835 $294,823 $286,170
======== ======== ========
Losses and loss expenses.................................... $267,804 $248,767 $211,389
======== ======== ========
In 1999, the Company purchased additional aggregate reinsurance protection
for its regional segment. Pursuant to the contract, the reinsurer will indemnify
the regional companies for losses occurring during 1999 in excess of 71% of
earned premiums, up to a limit of $35,000,000. Premiums of $21,000,000 and
losses of $35,000,000 were ceded to the reinsurer in 1999.
(10) STOCK OPTION PLAN
The Company has a stock option plan (the "Stock Option Plan") under which
7,125,000 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance. Pursuant to the
Stock Option Plan, options may be granted at prices determined by the Board of
Directors but not less than fair market value on the date of grant.
F-21
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The following table summarizes option information:
2000 1999 1998
-------------------- -------------------- --------------------
WEIGHTED WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE EXERCISE EXERCISE
SHARES PRICE SHARES PRICE SHARES PRICE
--------- -------- --------- -------- --------- --------
Outstanding at beginning
of year................. 3,662,785 $34.12 3,929,333 $34.25 3,218,762 $29.52
Granted................... 872,000 19.34 68,600 25.73 1,036,975 47.08
Exercised................. 342,266 24.36 14,925 21.91 106,938 23.57
Canceled.................. 206,440 37.07 320,223 34.39 219,466 30.56
--------- ------ --------- ------ --------- ------
Outstanding at end of
year.................... 3,986,079 $31.57 3,662,785 $34.12 3,929,333 $34.25
--------- ------ --------- ------ --------- ------
Options exercisable at
year end................ 952,726 $27.43 998,450 $25.28 640,161 $23.72
--------- ------ --------- ------ --------- ------
Options available for
future grant............ 2,647,916 3,326,102 3,073,916
========= ========= =========
The fair value of the options granted is estimated on the date of grant
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions for 2000 and 1999, respectively; (a) dividend yield of 1%, (b)
expected volatility of 20%, (c) risk free interest rate of 6.63% and 5.61% and
(d) expected life of 7.5 years. The following table summarizes information about
stock options outstanding at December 31, 2000 and 1999:
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
----------------------- -----------------------
WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
REMAINING WEIGHTED AVERAGE
RANGE OF NUMBER CONTRACTUAL AVERAGE NUMBER EXERCISE
EXERCISE PRICES OUTSTANDING LIFE PRICE EXERCISABLE PRICE
--------------------------- ----------- ----------- -------- ----------- --------
December 31, 2000
$14 to $27................. 1,363,366 7.0 $21.05 456,666 $24.39
27 to 32................... 661,812 5.1 28.99 433,927 29.01
32 to 48................... 1,960,901 6.8 39.76 62,133 38.71
--------- --- ------ ------- ------
Total................. 3,986,079 6.6 $31.57 952,726 $27.43
========= === ====== ======= ======
December 31, 1999
$14 to $27................. 736,415 3.9 $23.40 654,815 $23.14
27 to 32................... 875,144 6.2 29.06 337,210 29.17
32 to 48................... 2,051,226 7.8 40.13 6,425 38.29
--------- --- ------ ------- ------
Total................. 3,662,785 6.6 $34.12 998,450 $25.28
========= === ====== ======= ======
F-22
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The Company uses the intrinsic-value method of accounting for stock-based
awards granted to employees and, accordingly, does not recognize compensation
expense for its stock-based awards to employees. Had compensation cost for the
Company's stock option plans been determined based on the fair value at the
grant dates for awards under those plans, the Company's net income and earnings
per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below
(000's omitted except per share data):
BASIC EARNINGS DILUTED EARNINGS
NET INCOME PER SHARE PER SHARE
---------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------
AS REPORTED PROFORMA AS REPORTED PROFORMA AS REPORTED PROFORMA
----------- -------- ----------- -------- ----------- --------
2000
Before change in
accounting and
extraordinary item.... $ 36,238 $33,331 $ 1.41 $ 1.30 $ 1.39 $ 1.28
Attributable to common
stockholders.......... $ 36,238 $33,331 $ 1.41 $ 1.30 $ 1.39 $ 1.28
-------- -------- ------ ------ ------ ------
1999
Before change in
accounting and
extraordinary item.... $(34,545) $(37,644) $(1.35) $(1.46) $(1.34) $(1.45)
Attributable to common
stockholders.......... $(37,060) $(40,159) $(1.44) $(1.56) $(1.43) $(1.55)
-------- -------- ------ ------ ------ ------
(11) COMPENSATION PLAN
The Company and its subsidiaries have profit sharing retirement plans in
which substantially all employees participate. The plans provide for minimum
annual contributions of 5% of eligible compensation; contributions above the
minimum are discretionary and vary with each participating subsidiary's
profitability. Employees become eligible to participate in the Retirement Plans
on the first day of the month following the first full three months in which
they are employed. Profit sharing expense amounted to $7,672,000, $7,768,000 and
$8,524,000 for 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
In May 1997, the common stockholders approved the Long-Term Incentive
Compensation Plan ("LTIP"). The LTIP provides for incentive compensation to key
executives based on long-term corporate performance and other criteria
established by the Compensation and Stock Option Committee of the Board of
Directors (the "Committee"). Key employees are awarded participation units
("units") as determined by the Committee. The Units vest and become exercisable
over a maximum term of five years from the date of their award. The units are
payable in cash or up to 50% in shares of common stock. The Company awarded
266,250 units in 1997. There were no units awarded and no LTIP expense in 2000,
1999 or 1998.
F-23
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
(12) INVESTMENTS
At December 31, 2000 and 1999, there were no investments, other than
investments in United States government securities, which exceeded 10% of
stockholders' equity. At December 31, 2000 and 1999, investments were as
follows:
GROSS GROSS
UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR CARRYING
TYPE OF INVESTMENT COST(a) GAINS LOSSES VALUE VALUE
------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
December 31, 2000
Fixed maturity securities held to
maturity:
State and municipal................ $ 54,659 $ 4,122 $ (115) $ 58,666 $ 54,659
Corporate.......................... 11,592 654 (85) 12,161 11,592
Mortgage-backed securities......... 89,816 3,586 -- 93,402 89,816
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total fixed maturity securities
held to maturity.............. 156,067 8,362 (200) 164,229 156,067
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Fixed maturity securities available
for sale:
United States Government(b)........ 480,871 14,327 (1,574) 493,624 493,624
State and municipal................ 544,015 14,169 (1,681) 556,503 556,503
Corporate.......................... 593,308 10,703 (11,226) 592,785 592,785
Mortgage-backed securities......... 469,144 9,144 (5,376) 472,912 472,912
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total fixed maturity securities
available for sale............ 2,087,338 48,343 (19,857) 2,115,824 2,115,824
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Equity securities available for sale:
Common stocks...................... 49,976 7,830 (1,161) 56,645 56,645
Preferred stocks................... 26,569 770 (161) 27,178 27,178
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total equity securities
available for sale............ 76,545 8,600 (1,322) 83,823 83,823
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Equity securities trading:
Long positions(c).................. 340,617 16,159 (9,505) 347,271 347,271
Receivable from brokers............ 269,444 -- -- 269,444 269,444
Securities sold but not yet
purchased....................... (164,312) 8,286 (12,994) (169,020) (169,020)
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total equity securities
trading....................... 445,749 24,445 (22,499) 447,695 447,695
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Invested cash(d)..................... 308,193 -- -- 308,193 308,193
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total investments.................... $3,073,892 $ 89,750 $ (43,878) $3,119,764 $3,111,602
========== ======== ========= ========== ==========
December 31, 1999
Fixed maturity securities held to
maturity:
State and municipal................ $ 56,172 $ 2,268 $ (951) $ 57,489 $ 56,172
Corporate.......................... 12,839 78 (248) 12,669 12,839
Mortgage-backed securities......... 83,646 135 (3,474) 80,307 83,646
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total fixed maturity securities
held to maturity.............. 152,657 2,481 (4,673) 150,465 152,657
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
F-24
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
GROSS GROSS
UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR CARRYING
TYPE OF INVESTMENT COST(a) GAINS LOSSES VALUE VALUE
------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Fixed maturity securities available
for sale:
United States Government(b)........ $ 334,114 $ 473 $ (15,419) $ 319,168 $ 319,168
State and municipal................ 1,020,716 9,905 (30,968) 999,653 999,653
Corporate.......................... 437,501 1,332 (19,219) 419,614 419,614
Mortgage-backed securities......... 388,178 1,657 (17,859) 371,976 371,976
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total fixed maturity securities
available for sale............ 2,180,509 13,367 (83,465) 2,110,411 2,110,411
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Equity securities available for sale:
Common stocks...................... 8,676 7,613 (80) 16,209 16,209
Preferred stocks................... 45,761 206 (796) 45,171 45,171
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total equity securities
available for sale............ 54,437 7,819 (876) 61,380 61,380
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Equity securities trading:
Long positions..................... 236,453 24,241 (7,264) 253,430 253,430
Receivable from brokers............ 258,454 -- -- 258,454 258,454
Securities sold but not yet
purchased....................... (138,731) 5,115 (22,210) (155,826) (155,826)
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total equity securities
trading....................... 356,176 29,356 (29,474) 356,058 356,058
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Invested cash(d)..................... 295,423 -- -- 295,423 295,423
---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Total investments.................... $3,039,202 $ 53,023 $(118,488) $2,973,737 $2,975,929
========== ======== ========= ========== ==========
------------
(a) Adjusted as necessary for amortization of premium or discount.
(b) Includes United States government agencies and authorities.
(c) Includes an investment of $53 million in a merger arbritage limited
liability corporation.
(d) Short-term investments which mature within three months of the date of
purchase.
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities at December
31, 2000, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ
from contractual maturities because certain issuers may have the right to call
or prepay obligations:
2000
-----------------------
COST FAIR VALUE
---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Due in one year or less..................................... $ 78,642 $ 79,071
Due after one year through five years....................... 495,813 505,324
Due after five years through ten years...................... 489,439 496,721
Due after ten years......................................... 620,551 632,623
Mortgage-backed securities.................................. 558,960 566,314
---------- ----------
Total....................................................... $2,243,405 $2,280,053
========== ==========
F-25
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Realized gains (losses) and the change in difference between fair value and
cost of investments, before applicable income taxes, are as follows:
2000 1999 1998
-------- --------- -------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Realized gains (losses):
Fixed maturity securities(a).............................. $ (2,573) $ 2,792 $23,004
Equity securities......................................... 9,420 (76) 3,506
Net change in provision for other than temporary
impairment(b):
Fixed maturity securities.............................. (3,299) (8,300) --
Equity securities...................................... -- -- --
Other..................................................... 4,816 (480) (1,110)
-------- --------- -------
8,364 (6,064) 25,400
-------- --------- -------
Change in difference between fair value and cost of
investments, not including trading securities:
Fixed maturity securities................................. 108,938 (167,984) 877
Equity securities......................................... 335 964 (4,130)
-------- --------- -------
109,273 (167,020) (3,253)
-------- --------- -------
Total....................................................... $117,637 $(173,084) $22,147
======== ========= =======
------------
(a) During 2000, 1999 and 1998, gross gains of $11,586,000, $15,022,000 and
$26,054,000, respectively, and gross losses of $14,159,000, $12,230,000, and
$3,050,000, respectively, were realized.
(b) The provision for other than temporary impairment of investments is
$14,399,000, $11,100,000 and $2,800,000 as of December 31, 2000, 1999 and
1998, respectively.
F-26
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Investment income consists of the following:
2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Investment income earned on:
Fixed maturity securities................................. $152,806 $148,081 $156,961
Trading account(a)........................................ 42,741 33,532 32,997
Invested cash............................................. 14,771 12,804 9,771
Equity securities......................................... 6,448 3,306 4,670
Other..................................................... 3,189 833 1,666
-------- -------- --------
Gross investment income................................ 219,955 198,556 206,065
Interest on funds held under reinsurance treaties......... (9,507) (8,240) (3,645)
-------- -------- --------
Net investment income..................................... $210,448 $190,316 $202,420
======== ======== ========
------------
(a) The primary focus of the trading account is merger arbitrage. Merger
arbitrage is the business of investing in the securities of publicly held
companies which are the targets in announced tender offers and mergers.
Merger arbitrage differs from other types of investments in its focus on
transactions and events believed likely to bring about a change in value
over a relatively short time period (usually four months or less). The
Company believes that this makes merger arbitrage investments less
vulnerable to changes in general financial market conditions. Potential
changes in market conditions are also mitigated by the implementation of
hedging strategies, including short sales.
The arbitrage positions are generally hedged against market declines by
purchasing put options, selling call options or entering into swap contracts.
Therefore, just as long portfolio positions may incur losses during market
declines, hedge positions may also incur losses during market advances. As of
December 31, 2000, the notional amount of long option contracts outstanding
is $22,634,000 and short option contracts outstanding is $40,875,000.
Investment income earned from net trading account activity includes
unrealized trading gains of $1,899,000 and $1,291,000 for 2000 and 1998,
respectively, and unrealized trading losses of $4,897,000 for 1999.
(13) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
COMMON EQUITY The weighted average number of shares used in the computation of
basic earnings per share was 25,632,000, 25,823,000 and 28,194,000 for 2000,
1999 and 1998, respectively. The weighted average number of shares used in the
computations of diluted earnings per share was 25,991,000, 25,927,000 and
29,115,000 for 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Treasury shares have been
excluded from average outstanding shares from the date of acquisition. The
difference in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share is attributable
entirely to the dilutive effect of stock-based compensation plans.
Changes in shares of common stock outstanding, net of treasury shares, are
as follows:
2000 1999 1998
------ ------ ------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Balance, beginning of year............................... 25,617 26,504 29,568
Shares issued............................................ 339 18 108
Shares repurchased....................................... (300) (905) (3,172)
------ ------ ------
Balance, end of year..................................... 25,656 25,617 26,504
====== ====== ======
F-27
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
On January 25, 1999, all remaining outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred
Stock were redeemed for $98,092,000.
On May 11, 1999, the Company declared a dividend distribution of one Right
for each outstanding share of common stock. Each Right entitles the holder to
purchase a unit consisting of one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock at a purchase price of $120 per unit (subject to
adjustment) upon the occurrence of certain events relating to potential changes
in control of the Company. The Rights expire on May 11, 2009, unless earlier
redeemed by the Company as provided in the Rights Agreement.
(14) FEDERAL AND FOREIGN INCOME TAXES
Federal and foreign income tax expense (before the cumulative effect of change
in accounting and extraordinary items) consists of:
2000 1999 1998
------- ------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Current (expense) benefit............................ $(2,574) $11,785 $(30,283)
Deferred (expense) benefit........................... 123 33,981 24,818
------- ------- --------
Total (expense) benefit............................ $(2,451) $45,766 $ (5,465)
======= ======= ========
A reconciliation of Federal and foreign income tax (expense) benefit and the
amounts computed by applying the Federal and foreign income tax rate of 35% to
pre-tax income are as follows:
2000 1999 1998
-------- ------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Computed "expected" tax (expense) benefit........... $(14,298) $27,737 $(21,973)
Tax-exempt investment income........................ 13,543 17,853 18,412
Other, net.......................................... (1,696) 176 (1,904)
-------- ------- --------
Total (expense) benefit........................... $ (2,451) $45,766 $ (5,465)
======== ======= ========
F-28
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
At December 31, 2000 and 1999, the tax effects of differences that give rise to
significant portions of the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability are as
follows:
2000 1999
-------- --------
(DOLLARS IN
THOUSANDS)
DEFERRED TAX ASSET
Loss reserve discounting.................................... $ 60,737 $ 64,946
Unearned premiums........................................... 40,885 40,663
Deferred taxes on unrealized investment losses.............. -- 22,297
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforward................. 29,610 20,656
Other....................................................... 16,550 22,097
-------- --------
Gross deferred tax asset.................................... 147,782 170,659
Less: valuation allowance................................... (7,000) (7,000)
-------- --------
Deferred tax asset.......................................... 140,782 163,659
======== ========
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY
Amortization of intangibles................................. 7,995 9,625
Deferred policy acquisition costs........................... 57,877 57,317
Deferred taxes on unrealized investment gains............... 12,678 --
Depreciation................................................ 8,088 8,985
Other....................................................... 6,577 5,756
-------- --------
Deferred tax liability.................................... 93,215 81,683
-------- --------
Net deferred tax asset.................................... $ 47,567 $ 81,976
======== ========
Federal income tax expense (benefit) applicable to realized investment gains
(losses) was $2,928,000, ($2,122,000) and $8,890,000 in 2000, 1999 and 1998,
respectively. The Company had a current income tax receivable of $6,376,000 and
$8,939,000 at December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The Company's tax
returns through December 31, 1994 have been examined by the Internal Revenue
Service.
The realization of the deferred tax asset is dependent upon the Company's
ability to generate sufficient taxable income in future periods. Based on
historical results and the prospects for current operations, management
anticipates that it is more likely than not that future taxable income will be
sufficient for the realization of this net asset.
F-29
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
(15) RESERVES FOR LOSSES AND LOSS EXPENSES
The table below provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending
reserve balances on a gross of reinsurance basis:
2000 1999 1998
---------- ---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Net reserves at beginning of year................ $1,723,865 $1,583,304 $1,433,011
---------- ---------- ----------
Net reserves of companies acquired............... -- -- 2,189
Net provision for losses and loss expenses:
Claims occurring during the current year....... 1,047,060 1,032,089 944,887
Increase (decrease) in estimates for claims
occurring in prior years.................... 14,042 28,351 (42,929)
Amortization of discount....................... 11,530 10,473 9,111
---------- ---------- ----------
1,072,632 1,070,913 911,069
---------- ---------- ----------
Net payments for claims
Current year................................... 394,401 433,942 397,787
Prior years.................................... 584,047 496,410 365,178
---------- ---------- ----------
978,448 930,352 762,965
---------- ---------- ----------
Net reserves at end of year...................... 1,818,049 1,723,865 1,583,304
Ceded reserves at end of year.................... 657,756 617,025 537,219
---------- ---------- ----------
Gross reserves at end of year.................... $2,475,805 $2,340,890 $2,120,523
========== ========== ==========
The balance sheet includes $58,112,000 and $20,348,000 as of December 31,
2000 and 1999, respectively, relating to reserves for life insurance which are
not included in the table above, and the statement of operations includes
$21,779,000, $14,913,000 and $3,693,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000,
1999 and 1998, respectively, relating to the policyholder benefits incurred on
life insurance which are not included in the above table. The 1999 increase in
reserves related to prior years is due to reserve strengthening in the regional
segment partially offset by favorable reserve development in the specialty and
alternative markets segments.
The Company discounts its liabilities for excess and assumed workers'
compensation business because of the long period of time over which losses are
paid. Discounting is intended to appropriately match losses and loss expenses to
income earned on investment securities supporting the liabilities. The expected
losses and loss expense payout pattern subject to discounting was derived from
the Company's loss payout experience and is supplemented with data compiled from
insurance companies writing similar business. The liabilities for losses and
loss expenses have been discounted using "risk-free" discount rates determined
by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve. The weighted average discount
rate for accident years 2000, 1999, 1998, 1997, 1996 and 1995 and prior is
5.88%, 5.90%, 5.16%, 6.43%, 6.49% and 5.80%, respectively. The aggregate net
discount, after reflecting the effects of ceded reinsurance, is $223,000,000,
$196,000,000 and $187,000,000 at December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
For statutory purposes, the Company uses a discount rate of 4.5% as permitted by
the Department of Insurance of the State of Delaware.
To date, known asbestos and environmental claims at the insurance company
subsidiaries have not had a material impact on the Company's operations.
Environmental claims have not materially impacted the Company because its
subsidiaries generally did not insure larger industrial companies which are
subject to significant environmental exposures.
F-30
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The Company's net reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses relating
to asbestos and environmental claims were $29,422,000 and $30,944,000 at
December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The Company's gross reserves for
losses and loss adjustment expenses relating to asbestos and environmental
claims were $57,167,000 and $65,966,000 at December 31, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. Net incurred losses and loss expenses for reported asbestos and
environmental claims were approximately $1,602,000, $1,371,000 and $2,227,000 in
2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Net paid losses and loss expenses were
approximately $3,123,000, $3,819,000 and $2,614,000 in 2000, 1999 and 1998,
respectively. The estimation of these liabilities is subject to significantly
greater than normal variation and uncertainty because it is difficult to make a
reasonable actuarial estimate of these liabilities due to the absence of a
generally accepted actuarial methodology for these exposures and the potential
effect of significant unresolved legal matters, including coverage issues as
well as the cost of litigating the legal issues. Additionally, the determination
of ultimate damages and the final allocation of such damages to financially
responsible parties are highly uncertain.
(16) INDUSTRY SEGMENTS
The Company's operations are presently conducted through five basic
segments: specialty; alternative markets; reinsurance; regional; and
international. The specialty lines of insurance consist primarily of excess and
surplus lines, commercial transportation, professional liability, directors and
officers liability and surety. The Company's alternative markets segment
specializes in insuring, reinsuring and administering self-insurance programs
and other alternative risk transfer mechanisms for public entities, private
employers and associations. The Company's reinsurance segment specializes in
underwriting property, casualty and surety reinsurance on both a treaty and
facultative basis. The regional property casualty insurance segment writes
standard commercial and personal lines insurance for such risks as automobiles,
homes and businesses. The international operations represent the Company's joint
venture with Northwestern Mutual Life International (65% owned by the Company),
which writes property and casualty, as well as life insurance, in Argentina and
the Philippines. The joint venture wrote life premiums of $33,183,000,
$24,548,000 and $7,994,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998,
respectively.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in
the summary of significant accounting policies. Income tax expense (benefits)
were calculated in accordance with the Company's tax sharing agreements, which
provide for the recognition of tax loss carryforwards only to the extent of
taxes previously paid. Summary financial information about the Company's
operating segments is presented in the following table. Income before income
taxes by segment consists of revenues less expenses related to the respective
segment's operations. These amounts include realized gains (losses) where
applicable. Intersegment revenues consist primarily of dividends, interest on
intercompany debt and fees paid by subsidiaries for portfolio management and
other services to the Company. Identifiable assets by segment are those assets
used in the operation of each segment.
F-31
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
REVENUES
------------------------------------------------ INCOME INCOME TAX
INVESTMENT UNAFFILIATED INTER- (LOSS) BEFORE EXPENSE
INCOME CUSTOMERS SEGMENT TOTAL INCOME TAXES (BENEFITS)
---------- ------------ ------- ---------- ------------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
December 31, 2000:
Regional............ $ 59,889 $ 717,287 $1,202 $ 718,489 $ 2,548 $ 308
Reinsurance......... 50,471 348,707 457 349,164 27,760 7,387
Specialty........... 48,706 322,618 2,241 324,859 31,836 9,058
Alternative
Markets.......... 44,350 268,888 137 269,025 31,592 8,675
International....... 9,636 118,234 -- 118,234 6,853 1,820
Corporate, other and
eliminations..... (2,604) 5,553 (4,037) 1,516 (59,738) (24,797)
-------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------- --------
Consolidated........ $210,448 $1,781,287 -- $1,781,287 $ 40,851 $ 2,451
======== ========== ======= ========== ======== ========
December 31, 1999:
Regional............ $ 52,639 $ 700,667 $1,462 $ 702,129 $(97,362) $ (7,589)
Reinsurance......... 47,288 341,201 739 341,940 14,091 1,992
Specialty........... 50,231 310,373 (1,305) 309,068 39,261 8,692
Alternative
Markets.......... 36,355 221,690 586 222,276 24,919 4,653
International....... 6,469 93,878 -- 93,878 3,535 1,443
Corporate, other and
eliminations..... (2,666) 5,859 (1,482) 4,377 (63,692) (54,957)
-------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------- --------
Consolidated........ $190,316 $1,673,668 -- $1,673,668 $(79,248) $(45,766)
======== ========== ======= ========== ======== ========
December 31, 1998:
Regional............ $ 53,942 $ 680,505 $2,014 $ 682,519 $(24,524) $ 3,323
Reinsurance......... 47,643 296,100 1,044 297,144 33,858 6,911
Specialty........... 59,345 309,047 2,908 311,955 85,889 24,349
Alternative
Markets.......... 34,667 205,024 911 205,935 36,501 9,505
International....... 5,469 80,287 -- 80,287 (7,017) 349
Corporate, other and
eliminations..... 1,354 11,554 (6,877) 4,677 (61,926) (38,972)
-------- ---------- ------- ---------- -------- --------
Consolidated........ $202,420 $1,582,517 -- $1,582,517 $ 62,781 $ 5,465
======== ========== ======= ========== ======== ========
F-32
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Interest expense for the alternative markets and reinsurance segments was
$2,921,000, $2,870,000 and $2,327,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000,
1999 and 1998, respectively. Additionally, corporate interest expense (net of
intercompany amounts) was $44,675,000, $47,931,000 and $46,492,000 for the
corresponding periods. Identifiable assets by segment are as follows:
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
---------- ---------- ----------
Regional......................................... $1,498,179 $1,436,575 $1,370,849
Reinsurance...................................... 1,258,155 1,022,776 996,186
Specialty........................................ 1,425,123 1,370,837 1,502,366
Alternative Markets.............................. 924,785 878,125 863,578
International.................................... 248,243 177,675 151,832
Corporate, other and eliminations................ (332,415) (101,197) 98,620
---------- ---------- ----------
Consolidated..................................... $5,022,070 $4,784,791 $4,983,431
========== ========== ==========
(17) FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values
of the Company's financial instruments as of December 31, 2000 and 1999:
2000 1999
----------------------- -----------------------
CARRYING FAIR CARRYING FAIR
AMOUNT VALUE AMOUNT VALUE
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Investments.......................... $3,111,602 $3,119,764 $2,975,929 $2,973,737
Long-term debt....................... 370,158 362,375 394,792 383,901
Trust preferred securities........... 198,169 136,800 198,126 172,547
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
The estimated fair value of investments is based on quoted market prices as
of the respective reporting dates. The fair value of the long-term debt and the
trust preferred securities are based on rates available for borrowings similar
to the Company's outstanding debt as of the reporting dates.
(18) DIVIDENDS FROM SUBSIDIARIES AND STATUTORY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are restricted by law as to the amount
of dividends they may pay without the approval of regulatory authorities. During
2001, the maximum amount of dividends which can be paid without such approval is
approximately $85,510,000.
Combined net income and policyholders' surplus of the Company's
consolidated insurance subsidiaries, as determined in accordance with statutory
accounting practices, are as follows:
2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Net income (loss).................................... $ 57,226 $(34,598) $ 67,014
-------- -------- --------
Policyholders' surplus............................... $846,658 $851,449 $941,853
-------- -------- --------
F-33
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
The significant variances between statutory accounting practices and GAAP
are: For statutory purposes, bonds are carried at amortized cost, acquisition
costs are charged to operations as incurred, deferred Federal income taxes are
not provided for temporary differences between book and tax assets and
liabilities, excess and assumed workers compensation reserves are discounted at
a 4.5% rate and certain assets designated as "non-admitted assets" are charged
against surplus.
At December 31, 2000 and 1999, bonds with a fair value of $221,194,000 and
$209,485,000 were on deposit with various state insurance departments as
required by state laws.
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") has risk-based
capital ("RBC") requirements that require insurance companies to calculate and
report information under a risk-based formula which measures statutory capital
and surplus needs based on a regulatory definition of risk in a company's mix of
products and its balance sheet. All of the Company's insurance subsidiaries have
an RBC amount above the authorized control level RBC, as defined by the NAIC.
The NAIC recently completed a process intended to codify statutory
accounting practices for certain insurance enterprises effective January 1,
2001. The accounting codification will not have a material impact on the results
of operations or policyholders' surplus of the Company's insurance subsidiaries.
(19) QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
The following is a summary of quarterly financial data (Dollars in
thousands except per share data):
THREE MONTHS ENDED
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MARCH 31, JUNE 30, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
------------------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------
2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Revenues.................. $423,324 $407,713 $431,933 $416,250 $445,957 $427,823 $480,073 $421,882
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net income (loss) before
preferred dividends..... $ 4,346 $ 2,472 $ 6,636 $ 5,624 $ 7,092 $ (1,356) $ 18,164 $(40,788)
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net income (loss)
attributable to common
stockholders............ $ 4,346 $ (1,275) $ 6,636 $ 5,624 $ 7,092 $ (621) $ 18,164 $(40,788)
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic
Before change in
accounting and
extraordinary gain
(loss).............. $ .17 $ .07 $ .26 $ .22 $ .28 $ (.06) $ .71 $ (1.59)
Net income (loss)..... $ .17 $ (.05) $ .26 $ .22 $ .28 $ (.02) $ .71 $ (1.59)
Diluted
Before change in
accounting and
extraordinary gain
(loss).............. $ .17 $ .07 $ .26 $ .22 $ .27 $ (.05) $ .68 $ (1.59)
Net income (loss)..... $ .17 $ (.05) $ .26 $ .22 $ .27 $ (.02) $ .68 $ (1.59)
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
F-34
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
(20) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On March 6, 2001, the Company issued 3,105,000 shares of its common stock
and received net proceeds of $122 million. The proceeds will be used to provide
additional capital for its insurance subsidiaries and for general corporate
purposes. The Company may also use the proceeds of this offering to reduce some
of its indebtedness, depending on market conditions.
F-35
PROSPECTUS
$600,000,000
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION
Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Depositary Shares, Debt Securities,
Warrants to Purchase Common Stock, Warrants to Purchase Preferred Stock,
Warrants to Purchase Debt Securities, Stock Purchase Contracts and
Stock Purchase Units
------------------------
W. R. BERKLEY CAPITAL TRUST II
W. R. BERKLEY CAPITAL TRUST III
Preferred Securities
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed to the Extent Provided in this Prospectus
by
W. R. Berkley Corporation
WE OR THE APPLICABLE TRUST WILL PROVIDE THE SPECIFIC TERMS OF THESE SECURITIES
IN SUPPLEMENTS TO THIS PROSPECTUS. THE PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENTS MAY ALSO ADD,
UPDATE OR CHANGE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS. YOU SHOULD READ THIS
PROSPECTUS AND ANY SUPPLEMENTS CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU INVEST.
------------------------
OUR COMMON STOCK IS LISTED ON THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE UNDER THE SYMBOL
"BER". ON JUNE 28, 2001, THE CLOSING PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK, AS REPORTED BY
THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE, WAS $41.55 PER SHARE.
------------------------
INVESTING IN OUR SECURITIES INVOLVES RISKS. SEE "RISK FACTORS" ON PAGE 3.
------------------------
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of offered securities unless
accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
The date of this prospectus is June 29, 2001.
YOU SHOULD RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
IN THIS PROSPECTUS OR ANY SUPPLEMENT. NEITHER WE NOR W. R. BERKLEY CAPITAL TRUST
II NOR W. R. BERKLEY CAPITAL TRUST III HAS AUTHORIZED ANYONE ELSE TO PROVIDE YOU
WITH DIFFERENT INFORMATION. WE, W. R. BERKLEY CAPITAL TRUST II AND W. R. BERKLEY
CAPITAL TRUST III ARE OFFERING THESE SECURITIES ONLY IN STATES WHERE THE OFFER
IS PERMITTED. YOU SHOULD NOT ASSUME THAT THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS OR
ANY SUPPLEMENT IS ACCURATE AS OF ANY DATE OTHER THAN THE DATE ON THE FRONT OF
THOSE DOCUMENTS. OUR BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITION, RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND
PROSPECTS MAY HAVE CHANGED SINCE THAT DATE.
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we and the trusts filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission utilizing a "shelf" registration
process, relating to the common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt
securities, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units, preferred
securities and preferred securities guarantees described in this prospectus.
Under this shelf process, we and the trusts may sell the securities described in
this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total initial offering price of
$600,000,000.
This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we or
a trust may offer. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set
forth in the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of
the Commission. For additional information regarding us, the trusts and the
offered securities, please refer to the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part.
Each time we or a trust sells securities, we or the trust will provide a
prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of
that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change
information contained in this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus
and any prospectus supplement together with additional information described
under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of
Certain Documents by Reference."
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
W. R. Berkley Corporation............. 1
The Trusts............................ 1
Risk Factors.......................... 3
Forward-Looking Statements............ 8
Use of Proceeds....................... 8
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed
Charges and Preferred Stock
Dividends........................... 9
General Description of the Offered
Securities.......................... 10
Description of our Capital Stock...... 10
Description of the Depositary
Shares.............................. 17
Description of the Debt Securities.... 20
Description of the Warrants to
Purchase Common Stock or Preferred
Stock............................... 37
PAGE
----
Description of the Warrants to
Purchase Debt Securities............ 39
Description of Preferred Securities... 40
Description of Preferred Securities
Guarantees.......................... 51
Description of Stock Purchase
Contracts and Stock Purchase
Units............................... 55
Plan of Distribution.................. 55
Legal Opinions........................ 57
Experts............................... 57
Where You Can Find More Information... 58
Incorporation of Certain Documents by
Reference........................... 58
iii
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION
OVERVIEW
We are an insurance holding company which, through our subsidiaries,
presently operates in five segments of the property casualty insurance business:
-- specialty lines of insurance, including excess and surplus lines and
commercial transportation;
-- alternative markets, including the management of alternative
insurance market mechanisms;
-- reinsurance;
-- regional property casualty insurance; and
-- international.
This structure provides the flexibility to respond to local or specific market
conditions and pursue specialty business niches. It also allows us to be closer
to our customers to better understand their individual needs and risk
characteristics. The holding company structure allows us to capitalize on the
benefits of economies of scale through centralized capital, investment and
reinsurance management and actuarial, financial and legal staff support.
Our specialty insurance, alternative markets and reinsurance operations are
conducted nationwide. Regional insurance operations are conducted primarily in
the Midwest, New England, South, and Mid Atlantic regions of the United States.
Presently, international operations are conducted primarily in Argentina and the
Philippines.
OTHER INFORMATION
For further information regarding us and our financial information, you
should refer to our recent filings with the Commission.
We were incorporated in Delaware in 1970 as the successor to a New Jersey
corporation which was incorporated in 1967. Our principal executive offices are
located at 165 Mason Street, P.O. Box 2518, Greenwich, Connecticut 06836-2518,
and our telephone number is (203) 629-3000.
THE TRUSTS
Each trust is a statutory business trust created under Delaware law
pursuant to
-- a trust agreement executed by us, as sponsor of the trust, and the
trustees for the trust and
-- the filing of a certificate of trust with the Delaware Secretary of
State on March 22, 2001.
Each trust agreement will be amended and restated in its entirety
substantially in the form filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of
which this prospectus forms a part. Each restated trust agreement will be
qualified as an indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939. Each trust
exists for the exclusive purposes of:
-- issuing and selling the preferred securities and common securities
that represent undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the
trust;
-- using the gross proceeds from the sale of the preferred securities
and common securities to acquire a particular series of our
subordinated debt securities; and
-- engaging in only those other activities necessary or incidental to
the issuance and sale of the preferred securities and common
securities and purchase of our subordinated debt securities.
We will indirectly or directly own all of the common securities of each
trust. The common securities of a trust will rank equally, and payments will be
made thereon pro rata, with the preferred securities of that trust,
1
except that, if an event of default under the restated trust agreement resulting
from an event of default under our subordinated debt securities held by the
trust has occurred and is continuing, the rights of the holders of the common
securities to payment in respect of distributions and payments upon liquidation,
redemption and otherwise will be subordinated to the rights of the holders of
the preferred securities. Unless otherwise disclosed in the applicable
prospectus supplement, we will, directly or indirectly, acquire common
securities in an aggregate liquidation amount equal to at least 3% of the total
capital of each trust. Each of the trusts is a legally separate entity and the
assets of one are not available to satisfy the obligations of the other.
Unless otherwise disclosed in the related prospectus supplement, each trust
has a term of approximately 55 years, but may dissolve earlier as provided in
the restated trust agreement of the trust. Unless otherwise disclosed in the
applicable prospectus supplement, each trust's business and affairs will be
conducted by the trustees appointed by us, as the direct or indirect holder of
all of the common securities. The holder of the common securities will be
entitled to appoint, remove or replace any of, or increase or reduce the number
of, the trustees of a trust. The duties and obligations of the trustees of a
trust will be governed by the restated trust agreement of the trust.
Unless otherwise disclosed in the related prospectus supplement, two of the
trustees of each trust will be administrative trustees. The administrative
trustees will be persons who are employees or officers of or affiliated with us.
One trustee of each trust will be the property trustee. The property trustee
will be a financial institution that is not affiliated with us, that has a
minimum amount of combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and
that will act as property trustee under the terms set forth in the applicable
prospectus supplement. The property trustee will also act as indenture trustee
for the purposes of compliance with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act.
In addition, one trustee of each trust, which trustee will reside in or have its
principal place of business in the State of Delaware, will be the "Delaware
trustee." The Delaware trustee may be the property trustee, if it otherwise
meets the requirements of applicable law. We will pay all fees and expenses
related to each trust and the offering of preferred securities and common
securities.
The principal executive offices for each of the trusts are located at c/o
W. R. Berkley Corporation, 165 Mason Street, P.O. Box 2518, Greenwich,
Connecticut 06836-2518. The telephone number of each of the trusts is (203)
629-3000.
2
RISK FACTORS
Our business faces significant risks. The risks described below may not be
the only risks we face. Additional risks that we do not yet know of or that we
currently think are immaterial may also impair our business operations. If any
of the events or circumstances described as risks below actually occurs, our
business, results of operations or financial condition could be negatively
affected in the manner described below. In such case, the market value of our
securities could decline and you may lose part or all of your investment. You
should carefully consider and evaluate all of the information included or
incorporated in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement relating to the
offering of these securities, including the risk factors listed below, before
deciding whether to invest in our securities.
OUR RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE AS A RESULT OF MANY FACTORS, INCLUDING CYCLICAL
CHANGES IN THE INSURANCE AND REINSURANCE INDUSTRY.
The results of companies in the property casualty insurance industry
historically have been subject to significant fluctuations and uncertainties.
The industry's profitability can be affected significantly by:
-- rising levels of actual costs that are not known by companies at the
time they price their products;
-- volatile and unpredictable developments (including weather-related
and other natural catastrophes);
-- changes in reserves resulting from the general claims and legal
environments as different types of claims arise and judicial
interpretations relating to the scope of insurers' liability develop;
-- fluctuations in interest rates, inflationary pressures and other
changes in the investment environment, which affect returns on
invested capital and may impact the ultimate payout of loss amounts;
and
-- the long-tail and volatile nature of the reinsurance business, which
may impact our operating results and limit opportunities for adequate
returns.
The demand for property casualty insurance can also vary significantly,
rising as the overall level of economic activity increases and falling as such
activity decreases. The property casualty insurance industry historically has a
cyclical nature. Recently, the property casualty insurance industry and
especially the commercial lines business have been very competitive. These
fluctuations in demand and competition could produce underwriting results that
would have a negative impact on our results of operations and financial
condition.
For example, in 1999 we experienced deteriorated operating results due to
an increase in loss reserves and, as a result of competition, inadequate rates.
In 2000, we benefited from improved market conditions, including higher prices
and better terms and conditions, as well as higher investment income. As has
happened in the past, these improved market conditions may not persist.
WE FACE SIGNIFICANT COMPETITIVE PRESSURES IN OUR BUSINESSES, WHICH MAY REDUCE
PREMIUM RATES AND PREVENT US FROM PRICING OUR PRODUCTS AT ATTRACTIVE RATES.
We compete with a large number of other companies in our selected lines of
business. We compete, and will continue to compete, with major U.S. and non-U.S.
insurers and reinsurers, other regional companies, as well as mutual companies,
specialty insurance companies, underwriting agencies and diversified financial
services companies. Some of our competitors, particularly in the reinsurance
business, have greater financial and marketing resources than we do. These
competitors within the reinsurance segment include Employers Reinsurance,
Berkshire Hathaway and American Reinsurance, which collectively comprise a
majority of the property casualty reinsurance market.
A number of new, proposed or potential legislative or industry developments
could further increase competition in our industry. These developments include:
-- the enactment of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, which could
result in increased competition from new entrants to our markets;
3
-- the implementation of commercial lines deregulation in several
states, which could increase competition from standard carriers for
our excess and surplus lines of insurance business;
-- programs in which state-sponsored entities provide property insurance
in catastrophe-prone areas or other alternative markets types of
coverage; and
-- changing practices caused by the Internet, which have led to greater
competition in the insurance business.
New competition from these developments could cause the supply and/or
demand for insurance or reinsurance to change, which could affect our ability to
price our products at attractive rates and thereby adversely affect our
underwriting results.
In addition to competition in the operation of our businesses, we face
competition from a variety of sources in attracting and retaining qualified
employees. If the quality of our personnel decreases, we may be unable to
maintain our current competitive position in the markets in which we operate,
and be unable to expand our operations into new markets.
OUR ACTUAL CLAIMS LOSSES MAY EXCEED OUR RESERVES FOR CLAIMS, WHICH MAY REQUIRE
US TO ESTABLISH ADDITIONAL RESERVES.
We maintain loss reserves to cover our estimated liability for unpaid
losses and loss adjustment expenses, including legal and other fees as well as a
portion of our general expenses, for reported and unreported claims incurred as
of the end of each accounting period. Reserves do not represent an exact
calculation of liability. Rather, reserves represent an estimate of what we
expect the ultimate settlement and administration of claims will cost. These
estimates, which generally involve actuarial projections, are based on our
assessment of facts and circumstances then known, as well as estimates of future
trends in claims severity, frequency, judicial theories of liability and other
factors. In some cases, long-tail lines of business such as excess workers'
compensation and the workers' compensation portion of our reinsurance business
are reserved on a discounted basis. The variables described above are affected
by both internal and external events, such as changes in claims handling
procedures, inflation, judicial and litigation trends and legislative changes.
The risk of the occurrence of such events is especially present in our specialty
lines and reinsurance businesses. Many of these items are not directly
quantifiable in advance. In some areas of our business, the level of reserves we
establish is dependent in part upon the actions of third parties that are beyond
our control. In our reinsurance and excess workers' compensation businesses, we
may not establish sufficient reserves if third parties do not give us advance
notice or provide us with appropriate information regarding certain matters.
Additionally, there may be a significant delay between the occurrence of the
insured event and the time it is reported to us.
The inherent uncertainties of estimating reserves are greater for certain
types of liabilities, where the various considerations affecting these types of
claims are subject to change and long periods of time may elapse before a
definitive determination of liability is made. Reserve estimates are continually
refined in an ongoing process as experience develops and further claims are
reported and settled. Adjustments to reserves are reflected in the results of
the periods in which such estimates are changed. Because setting reserves is
inherently uncertain, our current reserves may prove inadequate in light of
subsequent events. Should we need to increase our reserves, our net income for
the period will decrease by a corresponding amount.
WE ANTICIPATE INCREASING OUR LEVEL OF RETENTION IN OUR BUSINESS, WHICH COULD
CAUSE OUR EARNINGS TO BE MORE VOLATILE.
We anticipate increasing our retention levels in 2001 for our operations
generally due to changes in market conditions and the pricing environment. We
expect to purchase less reinsurance, the process by which we transfer, or cede,
part of the risk we have assumed to a reinsurance company, thereby retaining
more risk. As a result, our earnings could be more volatile and increased
severities could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and
financial condition. A significant change in our retention levels could also
cause our historical financial results, including compound annual growth rates,
to be inaccurate indicators of our future performance on a segment or
consolidated basis.
4
AS A PROPERTY CASUALTY INSURER, WE FACE LOSSES FROM CATASTROPHES.
Property casualty insurers are subject to claims arising out of
catastrophes that may have a significant effect on their results of operations,
liquidity and financial condition. Catastrophe losses have had a significant
impact on our results. Catastrophes can be caused by various events, including
hurricanes, windstorms, earthquakes, hailstorms, explosions, severe winter
weather and fires. The incidence and severity of catastrophes are inherently
unpredictable. For example, during the five years ended December 31, 2000, our
annual weather-related losses ranged from $28 million to $60 million. The extent
of losses from a catastrophe is a function of both the total amount of insured
exposure in the area affected by the event and the severity of the event. Most
catastrophes are restricted to small geographic areas; however, hurricanes and
earthquakes may produce significant damage in large, heavily populated areas.
Catastrophes can cause losses in a variety of our property casualty lines, and
most of our past catastrophe-related claims have resulted from severe storms.
Seasonal weather variations may affect the severity and frequency of our losses.
Insurance companies are not permitted to reserve for a catastrophe until it has
occurred. It is therefore possible that a catastrophic event or multiple
catastrophic events could produce unforeseen losses and have a material adverse
effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
WE ARE SUBJECT TO EXTENSIVE GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION, WHICH INCREASES OUR COSTS
AND COULD RESTRICT THE CONDUCT OF OUR BUSINESS.
We are subject to extensive governmental regulation and supervision. Most
insurance regulations are designed to protect the interests of policyholders
rather than stockholders and other investors. This system of regulation,
generally administered by a department of insurance in each state in which we do
business, relates to, among other things:
-- standards of solvency, including risk-based capital measurements;
-- restrictions on the nature, quality and concentration of investments;
-- requiring certain methods of accounting;
-- requiring reserves for unearned premium, losses and other purposes;
and
-- potential assessments for the provision of funds necessary for the
settlement of covered claims under certain policies provided by
impaired, insolvent or failed insurance companies.
State insurance departments conduct periodic examinations of the affairs of
insurance companies and require the filing of annual and other reports relating
to the financial condition of insurance companies, holding company issues and
other matters. Recently adopted federal financial services modernization
legislation is expected to lead to additional federal regulation of the
insurance industry in the coming years. Also, foreign governments regulate our
international operations.
We may be unable to maintain all required licenses and approvals and our
business may not fully comply with the wide variety of applicable laws and
regulations or the relevant authority's interpretation of the laws and
regulations. Also, some regulatory authorities have relatively broad discretion
to grant, renew or revoke licenses and approvals. If we do not have the
requisite licenses and approvals or do not comply with applicable regulatory
requirements, the insurance regulatory authorities could preclude or temporarily
suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities or monetarily penalize
us. Also, changes in the level of regulation of the insurance industry, whether
federal, state or foreign, or changes in laws or regulations themselves or
interpretations by regulatory authorities, restrict the conduct of our business.
WE ARE RATED BY A.M. BEST AND STANDARD & POOR'S, AND A DECLINE IN THESE RATINGS
COULD ERODE OUR STANDING IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY AND CAUSE OUR SALES AND
EARNINGS TO DECREASE.
Ratings have become an increasingly important factor in establishing the
competitive position of insurance companies. Our insurance company subsidiaries
are rated by A.M. Best and certain of our insurance company subsidiaries are
rated for their claims-paying ability by Standard & Poor's Corporation, or
Standard & Poor's. A.M. Best and Standard & Poor's ratings reflect their
opinions of an insurance company's
5
financial strength, operating performance, strategic position and ability to
meet its obligations to policyholders, are not evaluations directed to investors
and are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold our securities. Our ratings are
subject to periodic review by A.M. Best and Standard & Poor's, and we cannot
assure you that we will be able to retain those ratings. The Standard & Poor's
2001 outlook for the U.S. property casualty insurance industry and the Standard
& Poor's mid-year 2000 outlook for the U.S. reinsurance industry were negative.
Since March 2000, Standard & Poor's has given us a negative rating outlook.
While Standard & Poor's affirmed our claims-paying rating of "A+" in January
2001, as long as we remain on negative rating outlook, a downgrade in our rating
is possible. If our ratings are reduced from their current levels by A.M. Best
and/or Standard & Poor's, our competitive position in the insurance industry
could suffer and it would be more difficult for us to market our products. A
significant downgrade could result in a substantial loss of business as
policyholders move to other companies with higher claims-paying and financial
strength ratings.
A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF OUR ASSETS IS INVESTED IN FIXED INCOME SECURITIES AND IS
SUBJECT TO MARKET FLUCTUATIONS.
Our investment portfolio consists substantially of fixed income securities.
The fair market value of these assets and the investment income from these
assets fluctuate depending on general economic and market conditions. With
respect to our investments in fixed income securities, the fair market value of
these investments generally increases or decreases in an inverse relationship
with fluctuations in interest rates, while net investment income realized by us
from future investments in fixed income securities will generally increase or
decrease with interest rates. In addition, actual net investment income and/or
cash flows from investments that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed
and other asset-backed securities, may differ from those anticipated at the time
of investment as a result of interest rate fluctuations. Because substantially
all of our fixed income securities are classified as available for sale, changes
in the market value of our securities are reflected in our balance sheet.
Similar treatment is not available for liabilities. Therefore, interest rate
fluctuations affect the value of our investments and could adversely affect our
results of operations and financial condition.
WE INVEST SOME OF OUR ASSETS IN MERGER ARBITRAGE, WHICH IS SUBJECT TO CERTAIN
RISKS.
We invest a portion of our investment portfolio in merger arbitrage. As of
December 31, 2000, our investment in merger arbitrage securities represented
approximately 14% of our total investment portfolio. Merger arbitrage is the
business of investing in the securities of publicly held companies which are the
targets in announced tender offers and mergers. Merger arbitrage differs from
other types of investments in its focus on transactions and events believed
likely to bring about a change in value over a relatively short time period,
usually four months or less. While our merger arbitrage positions are generally
hedged against market declines, these equity investments are exposed primarily
to the risk associated with the completion of announced deals, which are subject
to regulatory as well as political and other risks.
IF MARKET CONDITIONS CAUSE REINSURANCE TO BE MORE COSTLY OR UNAVAILABLE, WE MAY
BE REQUIRED TO BEAR INCREASED RISKS OR REDUCE THE LEVEL OF OUR UNDERWRITING
COMMITMENTS.
We purchase reinsurance for significant amounts of risk underwritten by our
insurance company subsidiaries, especially catastrophe risks. We also purchase
reinsurance on risks underwritten by others which we reinsure. Market conditions
beyond our control determine the availability and cost of the reinsurance
protection we purchase, which may affect the level of our business and
profitability. Our reinsurance facilities are generally subject to annual
renewal. We may be unable to maintain our current reinsurance facilities or to
obtain other reinsurance facilities in adequate amounts and at favorable rates.
If we are unable to renew our expiring facilities or to obtain new reinsurance
facilities, either our net exposures would increase or, if we are unwilling to
bear an increase in net exposures, we would have to reduce the level of our
underwriting commitments, especially catastrophe exposed risks.
6
WE ARE AN INSURANCE HOLDING COMPANY AND, THEREFORE, MAY NOT BE ABLE TO RECEIVE
DIVIDENDS IN NEEDED AMOUNTS.
Our principal assets are the shares of capital stock of our insurance
company subsidiaries. We have to rely on dividends from our insurance company
subsidiaries to meet our obligations for paying principal and interest on
outstanding debt obligations and for paying dividends to stockholders and
corporate expenses. The payment of dividends by our insurance company
subsidiaries is subject to regulatory restrictions and will depend on the
surplus and future earnings of these subsidiaries, as well as the regulatory
restrictions. As a result, we may not be able to receive dividends from these
subsidiaries at times and in amounts necessary to meet our obligations or pay
dividends.
WE MAY NOT FIND SUITABLE ACQUISITION CANDIDATES AND EVEN IF WE DO, WE MAY NOT
SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE ANY SUCH ACQUIRED COMPANIES.
As part of our present strategy, we continue to evaluate possible
acquisition transactions on an ongoing basis, and at any given time, we may be
engaged in discussions with respect to possible acquisitions. We cannot assure
you that we will be able to identify suitable acquisition transactions, that
such transactions will be financed and completed on acceptable terms or that our
future acquisitions will be successful. The process of integrating any companies
we do acquire may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations
and financial condition.
WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THAT OUR REINSURERS WILL PAY IN A TIMELY FASHION, IF AT ALL,
AND, AS A RESULT, WE COULD EXPERIENCE LOSSES.
We purchase reinsurance by transferring part of the risk that we have
assumed, known as ceding, to a reinsurance company in exchange for part of the
premium we receive in connection with the risk. Although reinsurance makes the
reinsurer liable to us to the extent the risk is transferred or ceded to the
reinsurer, it does not relieve us, the reinsured, of our liability to our
policyholders or, in cases where we are a reinsurer, to our reinsureds. Our
reinsurers may not pay the reinsurance recoverables that they owe to us or they
may not pay such recoverables on a timely basis. Accordingly, we bear credit
risk with respect to our reinsurers, and if our reinsurers fail to pay us, our
financial results would be adversely affected.
OUR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS EXPOSE US TO CURRENCY RISKS AND OPERATIONAL
HAZARDS.
Certain assets held by our foreign subsidiaries are subject to foreign
currency risk. Our principal area of exposure relates to fluctuations in
exchange rates between each of the Argentinean and Philippine peso and the U.S.
dollar. Consequently, a change in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and
either the Argentinean or Philippine peso could have a material adverse effect
on our financial results from our international operations. Our international
operations are further subject to political and economic risks in these
countries.
7
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus and those documents incorporated by reference herein may
include certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Some of the forward-looking statements
can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as "believes",
"expects", "potential", "continued", "may", "will", "should", "seeks",
"approximately", "predicts", "intends", "plans", "estimates", "anticipates" or
the negative version of those words or other comparable words. Any
forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus, including statements related to our performance for the year 2001
and beyond, are based upon our historical performance and on current plans,
estimates and expectations. The inclusion of this forward-looking information
should not be regarded as a representation by us that the future plans,
estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved. Such
forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties,
including but not limited to:
-- the cyclical nature of the property casualty industry;
-- the long-tail and potentially volatile nature of the reinsurance
business;
-- the impact of competition;
-- product demand and pricing;
-- claims development and the process of estimating reserves;
-- the level of our retention;
-- catastrophe and storm losses;
-- legislative and regulatory developments;
-- changes in the ratings assigned to us by ratings agencies;
-- investment results;
-- availability of reinsurance;
-- availability of dividends from our insurance company subsidiaries;
-- our successful integration of acquired companies;
-- the ability of our reinsurers to pay reinsurance recoverables owed to
us; and
-- exchange rate and political risks.
We describe these risks and uncertainties in greater detail above under the
caption "Risk Factors." These risks and uncertainties could cause our actual
results for the year 2001 and beyond to differ materially from those expressed
in any forward-looking statement we make. Any projections of growth in our net
premiums written and management fees would not necessarily result in
commensurate levels of underwriting and operating profits. Our future financial
performance is dependent upon factors discussed elsewhere in this prospectus,
any related prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference in
this prospectus. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which
they are made. For a discussion of factors that could cause actual results to
differ, see "Risk Factors" above and the information contained in our publicly
available filings with the Commission. These filings are described below under
the captions "Where You Can Find More Information" and "Incorporation of Certain
Documents by Reference."
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, we will use
the net proceeds from the sale of the offered securities for working capital,
capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes. Each
trust will invest all proceeds received from the sale of its preferred
securities and common securities in a particular series of our subordinated debt
securities. Until we use the net proceeds in the
8
manner described above, we may temporarily use them to make short-term
investments or reduce short-term borrowings.
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND RATIO OF EARNINGS
TO COMBINED FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
The following table shows our ratio of earnings to fixed charges and our
ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends for
the periods indicated.
For purposes of the computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges and
ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends,
earnings consist of income before income taxes, preferred dividends, change in
accounting and extraordinary items plus fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of
interest expense, capitalized interest, amortization of financing costs and
one-third of minimum rental payments under operating leases. For 1999, our
earnings under the above definition were negative.
THREE MONTHS
ENDED YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
MARCH 31, ------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
------------ ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges... 2.0 1.7 N/A 2.2 3.4 4.2
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed
Charges and Preferred Stock
Dividends.......................... 2.0 1.7 N/A 1.9 2.9 2.8
The trusts had no operations during the periods set forth above.
9
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE OFFERED SECURITIES
We may from time to time offer under this prospectus, separately or
together:
-- common stock,
-- preferred stock, which may be represented by depositary shares as
described below,
-- unsecured senior or subordinated debt securities,
-- warrants to purchase common stock,
-- warrants to purchase preferred stock,
-- warrants to purchase debt securities,
-- stock purchase contracts to purchase common stock, and
-- stock purchase units, each representing ownership of a stock purchase
contract and, as security for the holder's obligation to purchase
common stock under the stock purchase contract, any of
(1) our debt securities,
(2) debt obligations of third parties, including U.S. Treasury
securities, or
(3) preferred securities of a trust.
Each trust may offer preferred securities representing undivided beneficial
interests in its assets, which will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed to
the extent described in this prospectus by us.
The aggregate initial offering price of the offered securities will not
exceed $600,000,000.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK
AUTHORIZED AND OUTSTANDING CAPITAL STOCK
Pursuant to our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, our authorized
capital stock is 85,000,000 shares, consisting of:
-- 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.10 per share, of
which 40,000 shares were designated as Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock; and
-- 80,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.20 per share.
As of March 7, 2001, we had 28,861,309 outstanding shares of common stock,
which excludes unissued shares reserved under various employee compensation
plans and shares held by certain of our subsidiaries. Holders of common stock
have received a right, entitling them, when such right becomes exercisable, to
purchase shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock in certain
circumstances. See "--Rights Agreement." No shares of preferred stock are
currently outstanding.
No holders of any class of our capital stock are entitled to preemptive
rights.
In general, the classes of authorized capital stock are afforded
preferences with respect to dividends and liquidation rights in the order listed
above. Our board of directors is empowered, without approval of our
stockholders, to cause the preferred stock to be issued in one or more series,
with the numbers of shares of each series and the rights, preferences and
limitations of each series to be determined by it. The specific matters that may
be determined by our board of directors include the dividend rights, voting
rights, redemption rights, liquidation preferences, if any, conversion and
exchange rights, retirement and sinking fund provisions and other rights,
qualifications, limitations and restrictions of any wholly unissued series of
preferred stock, the number of shares constituting that series and the terms and
conditions of the issue of the shares.
The following is a summary of certain provisions of our Restated
Certificate of Incorporation and our By-laws. Because this summary is not
complete, you should refer to our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and
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our By-laws for complete information regarding the provisions of our Restated
Certificate of Incorporation and our By-laws, including the definitions of some
of the terms used below. Copies of our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and
our By-laws are incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Whenever particular sections or
defined terms of our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and our By-laws are
referred to, such sections or defined terms are incorporated herein by
reference, and the statement in connection with which such reference is made is
qualified in its entirety by such reference.
COMMON STOCK
Subject to any preferential rights of any preferred stock created by our
board of directors, each outstanding share of our common stock is entitled to
such dividends as our board of directors may declare from time to time out of
funds that we can legally use to pay dividends. The holders of common stock
possess exclusive voting rights, except to the extent our board of directors
specifies voting power with respect to any preferred stock that is issued.
Each holder of our common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of
common stock and does not have any right to cumulate votes in the election of
directors. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of W. R.
Berkley, holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive on a pro-rata
basis any assets remaining after provision for payment of creditors and after
payment of any liquidation preferences to holders of preferred stock.
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Mellon Investor
Services LLC.
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
"BER". The shares of common stock currently issued and outstanding are fully
paid and nonassessable. Our shares of common stock offered by a prospectus
supplement, upon issuance against full consideration, will be fully paid and
nonassessable. A more detailed description of our common stock is set forth in
our registration statement filed under the Exchange Act on Form 8-A/A on May 1,
2001, including any further amendment or report for the purpose of updating such
description.
PREFERRED STOCK
The particular terms of any series of preferred stock will be set forth in
the prospectus supplement relating to the offering.
The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including dividend
rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, retirement and sinking fund
provisions and liquidation preferences, if any, of the preferred stock of each
series will be fixed or designated pursuant to a certificate of designation
adopted by our board of directors or a duly authorized committee of our board of
directors. The terms, if any, on which shares of any series of preferred stock
are convertible or exchangeable into common stock will also be set forth in the
prospectus supplement relating to the offering. These terms may include
provisions for conversion or exchange, either mandatory, at the option of the
holder, or at our option, in which case the number of shares of common stock to
be received by the holders of preferred stock would be calculated as of a time
and in the manner stated in the applicable prospectus supplement. The
description of the terms of a particular series of preferred stock that will be
set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement does not purport to be
complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the certificate of
designation relating to the series.
On May 11, 1999, our board of directors declared a dividend of rights to
holders of record of our common stock outstanding as of the close of business on
May 21, 1999. When such rights become exercisable, holders of such rights shall
be entitled to purchase shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock
in certain circumstances pursuant to the rights agreement. See "--Rights
Agreement."
PROVISIONS OF OUR RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS
Provisions of our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws may
delay or make more difficult unsolicited acquisitions or changes of our control.
We believe that these provisions will enable us to develop
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our business in a manner that will foster long-term growth without disruption
caused by the threat of a takeover not thought by our board of directors to be
in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders.
Those provisions could have the effect of discouraging third parties from
making proposals involving an unsolicited acquisition or change of control of W.
R. Berkley, although the proposals, if made, might be considered desirable by a
majority of our stockholders. Those provisions may also have the effect of
making it more difficult for third parties to cause the replacement of our
current management without the concurrence of our board of directors.
These provisions include:
-- the establishment of a classified board of directors and the ability
of our board to increase its size and to appoint directors to fill
newly created directorships;
-- the requirement that 80% of our stockholders entitled to vote in the
election of directors approve certain transactions between us and
certain of our stockholders, including the merger of W. R. Berkley
into such certain stockholder, our disposition of substantial assets
to such certain stockholder or our exchange of voting securities with
such certain stockholder for the sale or lease to us of securities or
assets of such certain stockholder;
-- the need for advance notice in order to raise business or make
nominations at stockholders' meetings; and
-- the availability of capital stock for issuance from time to time at
the discretion of our board of directors (see "--Authorized and
Outstanding Capital Stock" and "--Preferred Stock").
See "--Rights Agreement," "--Restrictions on Ownership Under Insurance Laws,"
and "--Delaware General Corporation Law" for other provisions applicable to us
that may discourage takeovers.
CLASSIFIED BOARD OF DIRECTORS; NUMBER OF DIRECTORS; FILLING OF VACANCIES
Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws provide for a board
of directors divided into three classes, with one class being elected each year
to serve for a three-year term. As a result, at least two annual meetings of
stockholders may be required for stockholders to change a majority of our board
of directors. Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws also provide
that newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized
number of up to 15 directors, or any vacancy, may be filled by a vote of a
majority of directors then in office. Accordingly, our board of directors may be
able to prevent any stockholder from obtaining majority representation on the
board of directors by increasing the size of the board and filling the newly
created directorships with its own nominees.
STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL OF CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS EFFECTING A CHANGE OF CONTROL
The affirmative vote or consent of 80% of our stockholders entitled to vote
in the election of directors is required to authorize any of the following
transactions:
-- our merger or consolidation into any other corporation; or
-- the sale, lease, exchange, mortgage or other disposition of all or
any substantial part of our assets to any other corporation, person
or other entity; or
-- the sale or lease by any other corporation, person or entity to us or
any of our subsidiaries of any securities or assets, except assets
having an aggregate fair market value of less than $4,000,000, in
exchange for our or any of our subsidiaries' voting securities,
including securities convertible into voting securities or options
and warrants or rights to purchase voting securities;
if such corporation, person or entity is, or has been at any time within the
preceding two years, the beneficial owner of 5% or more of the outstanding
shares of our stock entitled to vote in the elections of directors.
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ADVANCE NOTICE FOR RAISING BUSINESS OR MAKING NOMINATIONS AT MEETINGS
Our By-laws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals
to be brought before an annual or special meeting of stockholders and for
nominations by stockholders of candidates for election as directors at an annual
or special meeting at which directors are to be elected. Only such business may
be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as has been specified in our
notice to stockholders of such meeting, which notice will be given not less than
10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting. Only such business may
be conducted at an annual meeting of stockholders as has been brought before the
meeting by, or at the direction of, the board of directors, or by a stockholder
who has given to the secretary of W. R. Berkley timely written notice, in proper
form, of the stockholder's intention to bring that business before the meeting.
The Chairman of the meeting will have the authority to make these
determinations. Only persons who are nominated by, or at the direction of, the
board of directors, or who are nominated by a stockholder who has given timely
written notice, in proper form, to the secretary prior to a meeting at which
directors are to be elected will be eligible for election as directors.
To be timely, notice of business to be brought before an annual meeting or
nominations of candidates for election as directors at an annual meeting is
required to be received by the secretary of W. R. Berkley not less than 60 days
nor more than 90 days in advance of the anniversary date of the immediately
preceding annual meeting. In the event that the date of the annual meeting is
advanced by more than 30 days or delayed by more than 60 days from such
anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered
not earlier than the ninetieth day prior to such annual meeting and not later
than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth day prior to such annual
meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the
date of such meeting is first made.
Similarly, notice of nominations to be brought before a special meeting of
stockholders for the election of directors is required to be delivered to the
secretary not earlier than the ninetieth day prior to such special meeting and
not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth day prior to
such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public
announcement of the date of such meeting is first made.
The notice of any nomination for election as a director is required to set
forth:
-- as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for
election or reelection as a director, all information relating to
such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of
proxies for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each
case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, or any
successor rule or regulation; and
-- as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if
any, on whose behalf the nomination is made
(1) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on our
books, and of such beneficial owner and
(2) the class and number of our shares which are owned beneficially and
of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner.
RIGHTS AGREEMENT
W. R. BERKLEY CORPORATION RIGHTS
On May 11, 1999, our board of directors declared a dividend of one
preferred share purchase right for each share of common stock outstanding as of
the close of business on May 21, 1999, with respect to common stock issued after
that date until the distribution date, as defined below and, in certain
circumstances, with respect to common stock issued after the distribution date.
Each right, when it becomes exercisable, entitles the registered holder to
purchase from us a unit consisting of one one-thousandth (1/1000th) of a share
of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.10 per share, at a
purchase price of $120 per unit, subject to adjustment in specific
circumstances.
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Each right is subject to redemption at a price of $.01 per right. The
description and terms of the rights are set forth in the rights agreement, dated
as of May 11, 1999, between us and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C., as
rights agent. The rights will not be exercisable until the distribution date and
will expire at the close of business on May 11, 2009, unless earlier redeemed by
us as described below. Until a right is exercised, the holder of the right, as
such, will have no rights as a stockholder of W. R. Berkley including, without
limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends with respect to the rights
or the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock relating to the right. A
copy of the rights agreement has been filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement that includes this prospectus. The description set forth below does
not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
rights agreement. A more detailed description of our Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock is set forth in our registration statement filed
under the Exchange Act on Form 8-A on May 11, 1999, as amended on May 1, 2001,
including any further amendment or report for the purpose of updating such
description.
SERIES A JUNIOR PARTICIPATING PREFERRED STOCK
Each share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock is entitled to
a minimum preferential quarterly dividend payment of $10 per share but is
entitled to an aggregate dividend of 1,000 times the dividend declared per share
of common stock. In the event of liquidation, the holders of the Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock will be entitled to a minimum preferential
liquidation payment of $10 per share, plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid
dividends and distributions thereon, whether or not declared. Each holder will
be entitled to an aggregate payment, after certain payments to the holders of
our common stock, of 1,000 times the payment made per share of common stock.
Each share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock will have 1,000
votes, voting together with our common stock. In the event of any merger,
consolidation or other transaction in which common stock is exchanged, each
share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock will be entitled to
receive 1,000 times the amount received per share of our common stock. The
Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock is not redeemable.
Because of the nature of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock's dividend, liquidation and voting rights, the value of the one
one-thousandth interest in a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock purchasable upon exercise of each right should approximate the value of
one share of our common stock.
DISTRIBUTION DATE
Under the rights agreement, the distribution date is the earlier of:
-- ten days, or such later date as determined by our board of directors,
following the "stock acquisition date." The stock acquisition date is
the date of public announcement that a person or group of affiliated
or associated persons, other than an "exempted person," has become an
"acquiring person" by acquiring beneficial ownership of 15% or more
of the outstanding shares of our common stock, or 25% in the case of
William R. Berkley and his affiliates and associates and 21% in the
case of Franklin Resources, Inc. and its affiliates and associates,
and
-- ten business days, or such later date as determined by our board of
directors, following the commencement of a tender offer or exchange
offer that would result in a person or group becoming an acquiring
person.
An exempted person includes us and any of our subsidiaries, any of our
employee benefit plans and our subsidiaries' employee benefit plans and any
person or entity organized, appointed or established by us for or pursuant to
the terms of any such plan.
EVIDENCE OF RIGHTS
Until the distribution date, the rights will be evidenced by the
certificates for common stock registered in the names of the holders thereof
rather than separate right certificates. Therefore, on and after the issuance
date and until the distribution date, the rights will be transferred with and
only with the common stock and
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each transfer of common stock also will transfer the associated rights. As soon
as practicable following the distribution date, separate certificates evidencing
the rights will be mailed to holders of record of the common stock as of the
close of business on the distribution date, and such separate certificates alone
will thereafter evidence the rights.
ADJUSTMENTS
The purchase price payable, and the number of units of Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock or other securities or property issuable, upon
exercise of the rights are subject to adjustment from time to time to prevent
dilution
-- in the event of a stock dividend on, or a subdivision, combination or
reclassification of, the Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock;
-- if holders of the Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock are
granted certain rights or warrants to subscribe for Series A Junior
Participating Preferred Stock or convertible securities at less than
the current market price of the Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock; or
-- upon the distribution to holders of the Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock of evidences of indebtedness or assets, excluding
regular quarterly cash dividends, or of subscription rights or
warrants, other than those referred to above.
With certain exceptions, no adjustment in the purchase price will be
required until cumulative adjustments amount to at least 1% of the purchase
price. No fractional units will be issued and, in lieu thereof, an adjustment in
cash will be made based on the market price of the Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock on the last trading date prior to the date of exercise.
TRIGGERING EVENT AND EFFECT OF TRIGGERING EVENT
In the event that any person becomes an acquiring person, except pursuant
to an offer for all outstanding shares of our common stock at a price and on
terms determined to be fair to, and in the best interests of, the stockholders
by our board of directors, each holder of a right will have the right to
receive, upon exercise, common stock, or, in certain circumstances, cash,
property or other securities of W. R. Berkley, having a value equal to two times
the exercise price of the right. Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the
occurrence of the event set forth in this paragraph, all rights that are or were
beneficially owned by an acquiring person will be null and void and
nontransferable and any holder of any such right will be unable to exercise or
transfer any such right. However, rights are not exercisable following the
occurrence of any of the events set forth above until such time as the rights
are no longer redeemable by us as set forth below.
In the event that, at any time following the stock acquisition date
referred to above,
-- we are acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction
in which we are not the surviving corporation, other than a merger
which follows an offer for all outstanding shares of our common stock
at a price and on terms determined to be fair to, and in the best
interests of, the stockholders by our board of directors, or
-- 50% or more of our assets or earning power is sold, mortgaged or
transferred,
each holder of a right, except rights which previously have been voided as set
forth below, shall thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise, common
stock of the acquiring company having a value equal to two times the exercise
price of the right.
REDEMPTION
At any time until ten days, or such later date as determined by our board
of directors, following the stock acquisition date, we may redeem the rights in
whole, but not in part, at a price of $.01 per right, payable in cash, common
stock or any other form of consideration deemed appropriate by our board of
directors.
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Immediately upon the action of our board of directors ordering redemption of the
rights, the rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of rights
will be to receive such redemption price.
AMENDMENT
Prior to the distribution date and subject to the last sentence of this
paragraph, we may by resolution of our board of directors and the rights agent
shall, if we so direct, supplement or amend any provision of the rights
agreement without the approval of any holders of certificates representing
shares of common stock. From and after the distribution date and subject to the
last sentence of this paragraph, we may by resolution of our board of directors
and the rights agent shall, if we so direct, supplement or amend the rights
agreement without the approval of any holders of rights certificates in order
-- to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision
contained in the rights agreement which may be defective or
inconsistent with any other provision of the rights agreement, or
-- to shorten or lengthen any time period under the rights agreement or
to change or supplement any other provision contained in the rights
agreement which we may deem necessary or desirable and which shall
not adversely affect the interests of the holders of right
certificates, other than an acquiring person or an affiliate or
associate of an acquiring person;
provided, however, that the rights agreement may not be supplemented or amended
to lengthen
-- a time period relating to when the rights may be redeemed at such
time as the rights are not then redeemable, or
-- any other time period unless such lengthening is for the purpose of
protecting, enhancing or clarifying the rights of, and/or the
benefits to, the holders of rights.
Notwithstanding anything contained in the rights agreement to the contrary, no
supplement or amendment shall be made which changes the redemption price, the
final expiration date of the rights (May 11, 2009), the purchase price or the
number of one one-thousandths of a share of Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock for which a right is exercisable.
CERTAIN EFFECTS OF THE RIGHTS AGREEMENT
The rights agreement is designed to protect our stockholders in the event
of unsolicited offers to acquire us and other coercive takeover tactics which,
in the opinion of our board of directors, could impair our ability to represent
stockholder interests. The provisions of the rights agreement may render an
unsolicited takeover more difficult or less likely to occur or might prevent
such a takeover, even though that takeover may offer our stockholders the
opportunity to sell their stock at a price above the prevailing market rate and
may be favored by a majority of our stockholders. The rights will cause
substantial dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire us without
conditioning the offer on a substantial number of rights being acquired. The
rights should not interfere with any merger or other business combination
approved by our board of directors since our board of directors may, at its
option, at any time until ten days, or such later date as may be determined by
action of our board of directors, following the stock acquisition date redeem
all but not less than all the then outstanding rights at the redemption price.
RESTRICTIONS ON OWNERSHIP UNDER INSURANCE LAWS
Although our Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws do not
contain any provision restricting ownership as a result of the application of
various state insurance laws, these laws will be a significant deterrent to any
person interested in acquiring our control. The insurance holding company laws
of each of the jurisdictions in which our insurance subsidiaries are
incorporated or commercially domiciled, as well as state corporation laws,
govern any acquisition of control of our insurance subsidiaries or of us. In
general, these laws provide that no person or entity may directly or indirectly
acquire control of an insurance company unless that person or entity has
received the prior approval of the insurance regulatory authorities. An
acquisition of control would be presumed in the case of any person or entity who
purchases 10% or more of our outstanding
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common stock, or 5% or more, in the case of the Florida insurance holding
company laws, unless the applicable insurance regulatory authorities determine
otherwise.
DELAWARE GENERAL CORPORATION LAW
The terms of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law apply to
us since we are a Delaware corporation. Pursuant to Section 203, with certain
exceptions, a Delaware corporation may not engage in any of a broad range of
business combinations, such as mergers, consolidations and sales of assets, with
an "interested stockholder," as defined below, for a period of three years from
the date that such person became an interested stockholder unless:
-- the transaction that results in a person's becoming an interested
stockholder or the business combination is approved by the board of
directors of the corporation before the person becomes an interested
stockholder;
-- upon consummation of the transaction which results in the stockholder
becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owns
85% or more of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the
time the transaction commenced, excluding shares owned by persons who
are directors and also officers and shares owned by certain employee
stock plans; or
-- on or after the time the person becomes an interested stockholder,
the business combination is approved by the corporation's board of
directors and by holders of at least two-thirds of the corporation's
outstanding voting stock, excluding shares owned by the interested
stockholder, at a meeting of stockholders.
Under Section 203, an "interested stockholder" is defined as any person,
other than the corporation and any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary,
that is:
-- the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the
corporation or
-- an affiliate or associate of the corporation and was the owner of 15%
or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation at any
time within the three-year period immediately prior to the date on
which it is sought to be determined whether such person is an
interested stockholder.
Section 203 does not apply to a corporation that so provides in an
amendment to its certificate of incorporation or by-laws passed by a majority of
its outstanding shares at any time. Such stockholder action does not become
effective for 12 months following its adoption and would not apply to persons
who were already interested stockholders at the time of the amendment. Our
Restated Certificate of Incorporation does not exclude us from the restrictions
imposed under Section 203.
Under certain circumstances, Section 203 makes it more difficult for a
person who would be an interested stockholder to effect various business
combinations with a corporation for a three-year period, although the
stockholders may elect to exclude a corporation from the restrictions imposed
thereunder. The provisions of Section 203 may encourage companies interested in
acquiring us to negotiate in advance with our board of directors, because the
stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if a majority of the directors
then in office approve either the business combination or the transaction which
results in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder. These provisions
also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is further
possible that such provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish
transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interest.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPOSITARY SHARES
GENERAL
We may, at our option, elect to offer depositary shares, each representing
a fraction of a share of a particular series of preferred stock, as described
below. In the event we elect to do so, depositary receipts evidencing depositary
shares will be issued to the public.
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The shares of any class or series of preferred stock represented by
depositary shares will be deposited under a deposit agreement among us, a
depositary selected by us and the holders of the depositary receipts. The
depositary will be a bank or trust company having its principal office in the
United States and having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000.
Subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, each owner of a depositary share
will be entitled, in proportion to the applicable fraction of a share of
preferred stock represented by such depositary share, to all the rights and
preferences of the preferred stock represented thereby, including dividend,
voting, redemption and liquidation rights.
The depositary shares will be evidenced by depositary receipts issued
pursuant to the deposit agreement. Depositary receipts will be distributed to
those persons purchasing the fractional shares of the related class or series of
preferred stock in accordance with the terms of the offering described in the
related prospectus supplement. Copies of the forms of deposit agreement and
depositary receipt are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which
this prospectus forms a part, and the following summary is qualified in its
entirety by reference to such exhibits.
Pending the preparation of definitive depositary receipts, the depositary
may, upon our written order, issue temporary depositary receipts substantially
identical to, and entitling the holders thereof to all the rights pertaining to,
the definitive depositary receipts but not in definitive form. Definitive
depositary receipts will be prepared thereafter without unreasonable delay, and
temporary depositary receipts will be exchangeable for definitive depositary
receipts without charge to the holder thereof.
DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS
The depositary will distribute all cash dividends or other distributions
received in respect of the related class or series of preferred stock to the
record holders of depositary shares relating to such class or series of
preferred stock in proportion to the number of such depositary shares owned by
such holders.
In the event of a distribution other than in cash, the depositary will
distribute property received by it to the record holders of depositary shares
entitled thereto, unless the depositary determines that it is not feasible to
make such distribution, in which case the depositary may, with our approval,
sell such property and distribute the net proceeds from such sale to such
holders.
WITHDRAWAL OF SHARES
Upon surrender of the depositary receipts at the corporate trust office of
the depositary, unless the related depositary shares have previously been called
for redemption, the holder of the depositary shares evidenced thereby is
entitled to delivery of the number of whole shares of the related class or
series of preferred stock and any money or other property represented by such
depositary shares. Holders of depositary shares will be entitled to receive
whole shares of the related class or series of preferred stock on the basis set
forth in the prospectus supplement for such class or series of preferred stock,
but holders of such whole shares of preferred stock will not thereafter be
entitled to exchange them for depositary shares. If the depositary receipts
delivered by the holder evidence a number of depositary shares in excess of the
number of depositary shares representing the number of whole shares of preferred
stock to be withdrawn, the depositary will deliver to such holder at the same
time a new depositary receipt evidencing such excess number of depositary
shares. In no event will fractional shares of preferred stock be delivered upon
surrender of depositary receipts to the depositary.
REDEMPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES
Whenever we redeem shares of preferred stock held by the depositary, the
depositary will redeem as of the same redemption date the number of depositary
shares representing shares of the related class or series of preferred stock so
redeemed. The redemption price per depositary share will be equal to the
applicable fraction of the redemption price per share payable with respect to
such class or series of the preferred stock. If less than all the depositary
shares are to be redeemed, the depositary shares to be redeemed will be selected
by lot or pro rata as may be determined by the depositary.
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VOTING THE PREFERRED STOCK
Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of the preferred
stock are entitled to vote, the depositary will mail the information contained
in such notice of meeting to the record holders of the depositary shares
relating to such preferred stock. Each record holder of such depositary shares
on the record date, which will be the same date as the record date for the
preferred stock, will be entitled to instruct the depositary as to the exercise
of the voting rights pertaining to the amount of the class or series of
preferred stock represented by such holder's depositary shares. The depositary
will endeavor, insofar as practicable, to vote the number of shares of the
preferred stock represented by such depositary shares in accordance with such
instructions, and we will agree to take all action which the depositary deems
necessary in order to enable the depositary to do so. The depositary will
abstain from voting shares of preferred stock to the extent it does not receive
specific instructions from the holders of depositary shares representing such
shares of preferred stock.
AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION OF THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
The form of depositary receipt evidencing the depositary shares and any
provision of the deposit agreement may at any time be amended by agreement
between us and the depositary. However, any amendment which materially and
adversely alters the rights of the holders of depositary receipts will not be
effective unless such amendment has been approved by the holders of depositary
receipts representing at least a majority of the depositary shares then
outstanding. Additionally, unless otherwise provided in the related prospectus
supplement, in the case of amendments relating to or affecting rights to receive
dividends or distributions or voting or redemption rights, approval is required
by the holders of depositary receipts representing 66 2/3% of the depositary
shares then outstanding. The deposit agreement may be terminated by us or the
depositary only if
-- all outstanding depositary shares have been redeemed,
-- there has been a final distribution in respect of the related class
or series of shares of preferred stock in connection with our
liquidation, dissolution or winding up and such distribution has been
distributed to the holders of depositary receipts or
-- upon the consent of holders of depositary receipts representing not
less than 66 2/3% of the depositary shares outstanding.
CHARGES OF DEPOSITARY
We will pay all transfer and other taxes and governmental charges arising
solely from the existence of the depositary arrangements. We will also pay
charges of the depositary in connection with the initial deposit of the related
class or series of shares of preferred stock and any redemption of such shares
of preferred stock. Holders of depositary receipts will pay all other transfer
and other taxes and governmental charges and such other charges as are expressly
provided in the deposit agreement to be for their accounts.
The depositary may refuse to effect any transfer of a depositary receipt or
any withdrawal of shares of a class or series of shares of preferred stock
evidenced thereby until all such taxes and charges with respect to such
depositary receipt or such shares of shares of preferred stock are paid by the
holders thereof.
MISCELLANEOUS
The depositary will forward all reports and communications from us which
are delivered to the depositary and which we are required to furnish to the
holders of the preferred stock.
Neither we nor the depositary will be liable if either of us is prevented
or delayed by law or any circumstance beyond its control in performing its
obligations under the deposit agreement. Our obligations and the obligations of
the depositary under the deposit agreement will be limited to performance in
good faith of our and their respective duties thereunder and neither we nor the
depositary will be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding in
respect of any depositary shares or class or series of preferred stock unless
satisfactory indemnity is furnished. We and the depositary may rely on written
advice of counsel or
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accountants, or information provided by persons presenting shares of preferred
stock for deposit, holders of depositary shares or other persons believed to be
competent and on documents believed to be genuine.
RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL OF DEPOSITARY
The depositary may resign at any time by delivering to us notice of its
election to do so, and we may at any time remove the depositary. Any such
resignation or removal of the depositary will take effect upon the appointment
of a successor depositary, which successor depositary must be appointed within
60 days after delivery of the notice of resignation or removal and must be a
bank or trust company having its principal office in the United States and
having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DEBT SECURITIES
The following description of our debt securities sets forth the material
terms and provisions of the debt securities to which any prospectus supplement
may relate. Our senior debt securities are to be issued under an indenture
between us and a trustee, the form of which is incorporated by reference as an
exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. We
refer to this indenture in this prospectus as the "senior indenture." Our
subordinated debt securities are to be issued under two separate indentures. Our
subordinated debt securities which are issued to a trust in connection with the
issuance of preferred securities and common securities by that trust are to be
issued under an indenture which we sometimes refer to in this prospectus as the
"trust-issued subordinated indenture." Our other subordinated debt securities
are to be issued under an indenture which we sometimes refer to in this
prospectus as the "subordinated indenture." Each of the trust-issued
subordinated indenture and the subordinated indenture are between us and a
trustee and the form of each is filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The trust-issued subordinated
indenture and the subordinated indenture are sometimes referred to herein
collectively as the "subordinated indentures." The senior indenture, the
trust-issued subordinated indenture and the subordinated indenture are sometimes
referred to herein collectively as the "W. R. Berkley indentures" and each
individually as a "W. R. Berkley indenture." The particular terms of the debt
securities offered by any prospectus supplement, and the extent to which the
general provisions described below may apply to the offered debt securities,
will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Because the following summaries of the material terms and provisions of the
W. R. Berkley indentures and the related debt securities are not complete, you
should refer to the forms of the W. R. Berkley indentures and the debt
securities for complete information regarding the terms and provisions of the W.
R. Berkley indentures, including the definitions of some of the terms used
below, and the debt securities. Wherever particular articles, sections or
defined terms of a W. R. Berkley indenture are referred to, those articles,
sections or defined terms are incorporated herein by reference, and the
statement in connection with which such reference is made is qualified in its
entirety by such reference. Wherever particular articles, sections or defined
terms of a W. R. Berkley indenture, without specific reference to a particular
W. R. Berkley indenture, are referred to, those articles, sections or defined
terms are contained in all W. R. Berkley indentures. The senior indenture and
the subordinated indenture are substantially identical, except for certain
covenants of ours and provisions relating to subordination. The subordinated
indenture and the trust-issued subordinated indenture are substantially
identical, except for certain rights and covenants of ours and provisions
relating to the issuance of securities to a trust.
GENERAL
The W. R. Berkley indentures do not limit the aggregate principal amount of
the debt securities which we may issue thereunder and provide that we may issue
the debt securities thereunder from time to time in one or more series. (Section
3.1) The W. R. Berkley indentures do not limit the amount of other Indebtedness
or the debt securities, other than certain secured Indebtedness as described
below, which we or our Subsidiaries may issue.
Unless otherwise provided in a prospectus supplement, the senior debt
securities will be unsecured obligations of ours and will rank equally with all
of our other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. The
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subordinated debt securities will be unsecured obligations of ours, subordinated
in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness of
ours as described below under "Subordination of the Subordinated Debt
Securities" and in the applicable prospectus supplement.
As of March 31, 2001, we had $338,303,000 face value of senior
indebtedness, $35,793,000 face value of senior subordinated indebtedness and no
amounts outstanding under our $75 million credit facility. In addition, as of
March 31, 2001, we had $200 million (face amount) of preferred securities issued
by a subsidiary trust. The sole assets of the trust consist of $210 million
aggregate principal amount of our junior subordinated debentures, and we have
guaranteed the trust's obligations under the securities. See Notes 5 and 6 to
our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2000 and which are incorporated by reference in
this prospectus. The banks under our credit facility referred to above have the
right to cause us to repay any outstanding indebtedness upon a change of control
of W. R. Berkley.
Because we are a holding company, our rights and the rights of our
creditors, including the holders of our debt securities, and stockholders to
participate in any distribution of assets of any Subsidiary upon the
Subsidiary's liquidation or reorganization or otherwise would be subject to the
prior claims of the Subsidiary's creditors, except to the extent that we may
ourselves be a creditor with recognized claims against the Subsidiary. The
rights of our creditors, including the holders of our debt securities, to
participate in the distribution of stock owned by us in certain of the
Subsidiaries, including our insurance Subsidiaries, may also be subject to
approval by certain insurance regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over
such Subsidiaries. Of the indebtedness outstanding as of March 31, 2001 referred
to in the previous paragraph, the $35,793,000 face value of senior subordinated
indebtedness and approximately $8 million of senior indebtedness were owed by
our Subsidiaries.
In the event our subordinated debt securities are issued to a trust in
connection with the issuance of preferred securities and common securities by
that trust, such subordinated debt securities subsequently may be distributed
pro rata to the holders of such preferred securities and common securities in
connection with the dissolution of that trust upon the occurrence of certain
events. These events will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to
such preferred securities and common securities. Only one series of our
subordinated debt securities will be issued to a trust in connection with the
issuance of preferred securities and common securities by that trust.
The prospectus supplement relating to the particular debt securities
offered thereby will describe the following terms of the offered debt
securities:
-- the title of such debt securities and the series in which such debt
securities will be included, which may include medium-term notes;
-- any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of such debt
securities;
-- the date or dates, or the method or methods, if any, by which such
date or dates will be determined, on which the principal of such debt
securities will be payable;
-- the rate or rates at which such debt securities will bear interest,
if any, which rate may be zero in the case of certain debt securities
issued at an issue price representing a discount from the principal
amount payable at maturity, or the method by which such rate or rates
will be determined, including, if applicable, any remarketing option
or similar method, and the date or dates from which such interest, if
any, will accrue or the method by which such date or dates will be
determined;
-- the date or dates on which interest, if any, on such debt securities
will be payable and any regular record dates applicable to the date
or dates on which interest will be so payable;
-- the place or places where the principal of, any premium or interest
on or any additional amounts with respect to such debt securities
will be payable, any of such debt securities that are issued in
registered form may be surrendered for registration of transfer or
exchange, and any such debt securities may be surrendered for
conversion or exchange;
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-- whether any of such debt securities are to be redeemable at our
option, whether we will be obligated to redeem or purchase any of
such debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous
provision or at the option of any holder thereof, and the terms of
such option or obligation, as described under "--Redemption" below;
-- if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple
thereof, the denominations in which any debt securities to be issued
in registered form will be issuable and, if other than a denomination
of $5,000, the denominations in which any debt securities to be
issued in bearer form will be issuable;
-- whether the debt securities will be convertible into common stock
and/or exchangeable for other securities, whether or not issued by
us, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such debt
securities will be so convertible or exchangeable;
-- if other than the principal amount, the portion of the principal
amount, or the method by which such portion will be determined, of
such debt securities that will be payable upon declaration of
acceleration of the maturity thereof;
-- if other than United States dollars, the currency of payment,
including composite currencies, of the principal of, any premium or
interest on or any additional amounts with respect to any of such
debt securities;
-- whether the principal of, any premium or interest on or any
additional amounts with respect to such debt securities will be
payable, at our election or the election of a holder, in a currency
other than that in which such debt securities are stated to be
payable and the date or dates on which, the period or periods within
which, and the other terms and conditions upon which, such election
may be made;
-- any index, formula or other method used to determine the amount of
payments of principal of, any premium or interest on or any
additional amounts with respect to such debt securities;
-- whether such debt securities are to be issued in the form of one or
more global securities and, if so, the identity of the depositary for
such global security or securities;
-- whether such debt securities are the senior debt securities or
subordinated debt securities and, if the subordinated debt
securities, the specific subordination provisions applicable thereto;
-- in the case of subordinated debt securities issued to a trust, the
terms and conditions of any obligation or right of ours or a holder
to convert or exchange such subordinated debt securities into
preferred securities of that trust;
-- in the case of subordinated debt securities issued to a trust, the
form of restated trust agreement and, if applicable, the agreement
relating to our guarantee of the preferred securities of that trust;
-- in the case of the subordinated debt securities, the relative degree,
if any, to which such subordinated debt securities of the series will
be senior to or be subordinated to other series of the subordinated
debt securities or other indebtedness of ours in right of payment,
whether such other series of the subordinated debt securities or
other indebtedness are outstanding or not;
-- any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of
Default or covenants of ours with respect to such debt securities;
-- whether the provisions described below under "Discharge, Defeasance
and Covenant Defeasance" will be applicable to such debt securities;
-- whether any of such debt securities are to be issued upon the
exercise of warrants, and the time, manner and place for such debt
securities to be authenticated and delivered; and
-- any other terms of such debt securities and any other deletions from
or modifications or additions to the applicable W. R. Berkley
indenture in respect of such debt securities. (Section 3.1)
We will have the ability under the W. R. Berkley indentures to "reopen" a
previously issued series of the debt securities and issue additional debt
securities of that series or establish additional terms of that series. We
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are also permitted to issue debt securities with the same terms as previously
issued debt securities. (Section 3.1)
Unless otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement, principal,
premium, interest and additional amounts, if any, with respect to any debt
securities will be payable at the office or agency maintained by us for such
purposes. In the case of debt securities issued in registered form, interest may
be paid by check mailed to the persons entitled thereto at their addresses
appearing on the security register or by transfer to an account maintained by
the payee with a bank located in the United States. Interest on debt securities
issued in registered form will be payable on any interest payment date to the
persons in whose names the debt securities are registered at the close of
business on the regular record date with respect to such interest payment date.
All paying agents initially designated by us for the debt securities will be
named in the related prospectus supplement. We may at any time designate
additional paying agents or rescind the designation of any paying agent or
approve a change in the office through which any paying agent acts, except that
we will be required to maintain a paying agent in each place where the principal
of, any premium or interest on or any additional amounts with respect to the
debt securities are payable. (Sections 3.7 and 10.2)
Unless otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement, the debt
securities may be presented for transfer or exchanged for other debt securities
of the same series, containing identical terms and provisions, in any authorized
denominations, and of a like aggregate principal amount, at the office or agency
maintained by us for such purposes. Such transfer or exchange will be made
without service charge, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover
any tax or other governmental charge and any other expenses then payable. We
will not be required to
-- issue, register the transfer of, or exchange, the debt securities
during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before
the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any such debt
securities and ending at the close of business on the day of such
mailing or
-- register the transfer of or exchange any debt security so selected
for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of
any debt security being redeemed in part. (Section 3.5)
We have appointed the trustee as security registrar. Any transfer agent, in
addition to the security registrar, initially designated by us for any debt
securities will be named in the related prospectus supplement. We may at any
time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any
transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer
agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each
place where the principal of, any premium or interest on or any additional
amounts with respect to the debt securities are payable. (Section 10.2)
Unless otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement, the debt
securities will be issued only in fully registered form without coupons in
minimum denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. (Section 3.2)
The debt securities may be represented in whole or in part by one or more global
debt securities registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee and, if so
represented, interests in such global debt security will be shown on, and
transfers thereof will be effected only through, records maintained by the
designated depositary and its participants as described below. Where the debt
securities of any series are issued in bearer form, the special restrictions and
considerations, including special offering restrictions and special United
States Federal income tax considerations, applicable to such debt securities and
to payment on and transfer and exchange of such debt securities will be
described in the related prospectus supplement.
The debt securities may be issued as original issue discount securities,
bearing no interest or bearing interest at a rate which at the time of issuance
is below market rates, to be sold at a substantial discount below their
principal amount. Special United States Federal income tax and other
considerations applicable to original issue discount securities will be
described in the related prospectus supplement.
If the purchase price of any debt securities is payable in one or more
foreign currencies or currency units or if any debt securities are denominated
in one or more foreign currencies or currency units or if the principal of, or
any premium or interest on, or any additional amounts with respect to, any debt
securities is payable in one or more foreign currencies or currency units, the
restrictions, elections, certain United States Federal
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income tax considerations, specific terms and other information with respect to
such debt securities and such foreign currency or currency units will be set
forth in the related prospectus supplement.
We will comply with Section 14(e) under the Exchange Act, and any other
tender offer rules under the Exchange Act which may then be applicable, in
connection with any obligation of ours to purchase debt securities at the option
of the holders. Any such obligation applicable to a series of debt securities
will be described in the related prospectus supplement.
Unless otherwise described in a prospectus supplement relating to any debt
securities, the W. R. Berkley indentures do not contain any provisions that
would limit our ability to incur indebtedness or that would afford holders of
the debt securities protection in the event of a sudden and significant decline
in our credit quality or a takeover, recapitalization or highly leveraged or
similar transaction involving us. Accordingly, we could in the future enter into
transactions that could increase the amount of indebtedness outstanding at that
time or otherwise affect our capital structure or credit rating. You should
refer to the prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of the debt
securities for information regarding any deletions from, modifications of or
additions to the Events of Default described below or our covenants contained in
the W. R. Berkley indentures, including any addition of a covenant or other
provisions providing event risk or similar protection.
CONVERSION AND EXCHANGE
The terms, if any, on which debt securities of any series are convertible
into or exchangeable for common stock, preferred stock or other securities,
whether or not issued by us, property or cash, or a combination of any of the
foregoing, will be set forth in the related prospectus supplement. Such terms
may include provisions for conversion or exchange, either mandatory, at the
option of the holder, or at our option, in which the securities, property or
cash to be received by the holders of the debt securities would be calculated
according to the factors and at such time as described in the related prospectus
supplement.
GLOBAL SECURITIES
The debt securities of a series may be issued in whole or in part in the
form of one or more global debt securities that will be deposited with, or on
behalf of, a depositary identified in the prospectus supplement relating to such
series.
The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to a series
of the debt securities will be described in the prospectus supplement relating
to such series. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all
depositary arrangements.
Upon the issuance of a global security, the depositary for such global
security or its nominee will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer
system, the respective principal amounts of the debt securities represented by
such global security. Such accounts will be designated by the underwriters or
agents with respect to such debt securities or by us if such debt securities are
offered and sold directly by us. Ownership of beneficial interests in a global
security will be limited to persons that may hold interests through
participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in such global security will be
shown on, and the transfer of that ownership will be effected only through,
records maintained by the depositary or its nominee with respect to interests of
participants, and on the records of participants with respect to interests of
persons other than participants. The laws of some states require that certain
purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive
form. Such limits and such laws may impair the ability to transfer beneficial
interests in a global security.
So long as the depositary for a global security, or its nominee, is the
registered owner of such global security, such depositary or such nominee, as
the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt
securities represented by such global security for all purposes under the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture. Except as described below, owners of
beneficial interests in a global security will not be entitled to have the debt
securities of the series represented by such global security registered in their
names and will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the
debt securities of that series in definitive form.
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Principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts with
respect to, the debt securities registered in the name of a depositary or its
nominee will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as
the registered owner of the global security representing such debt securities.
None of the trustee, any paying agent, the security registrar or us will have
any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or
payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of the global
security for such debt securities or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing
any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.
We expect that the depositary for a series of the debt securities or its
nominee, upon receipt of any payment with respect to such debt securities, will
credit immediately participants' accounts with payments in amounts proportionate
to their respective beneficial interest in the principal amount of the global
security for such debt securities as shown on the records of such depositary or
its nominee. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of
beneficial interests in such global security held through such participants will
be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case
with securities held for the accounts of customers registered in "street name,"
and will be the responsibility of such participants.
The W. R. Berkley indentures provide that if
-- the depositary for a series of the debt securities notifies us that
it is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or if such
depositary ceases to be eligible under the applicable W. R. Berkley
indenture and a successor depositary is not appointed by us within 90
days of written notice,
-- we determine that the debt securities of a particular series will no
longer be represented by global securities and we execute and deliver
to the trustee a company order to such effect, or
-- an Event of Default with respect to a series of the debt securities
has occurred and is continuing
the global securities will be exchanged for the debt securities of such series
in definitive form of like tenor and of an equal aggregate principal amount, in
authorized denominations. Such definitive debt securities will be registered in
such name or names as the depositary shall instruct the trustee. (Section 3.5)
It is expected that such instructions may be based upon directions received by
the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial
interests in global securities.
PAYMENT OF ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS
If subordinated debt securities issued to a trust in connection with the
issuance of preferred securities and common securities by that trust provide for
the payment by us of certain taxes, assessments or other governmental charges
imposed on the holder of any such debt security, we will pay to the holder of
any such debt security such additional amounts as provided in the applicable W.
R. Berkley indenture. (Section 10.4 of the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
We will make all payments of principal of, and premium, if any, interest
and any other amounts on, or in respect of, the debt securities of any series
without withholding or deduction at source for, or on account of, any present or
future taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever
nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of a taxing jurisdiction or any
political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein, unless such taxes,
fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges are required to be withheld or
deducted by
-- the laws, or any regulations or rulings promulgated thereunder, of a
taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision or taxing authority
thereof or therein or
-- an official position regarding the application, administration,
interpretation or enforcement of any such laws, regulations or
rulings, including, without limitation, a holding by a court of
competent jurisdiction or by a taxing authority in a taxing
jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof.
If a withholding or deduction at source is required, we will, subject to certain
limitations and exceptions described below, pay to the holder of any such debt
security such additional amounts as may be necessary so that every net payment
of principal, premium, if any, interest or any other amount made to such holder,
after
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the withholding or deduction, will not be less than the amount provided for in
such debt security and the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture to be then due and
payable.
We will not be required to pay any additional amounts for or on account of:
1. any tax, fee, duty, assessment or governmental charge of whatever
nature which would not have been imposed but for the fact that such holder
-- was a resident, domiciliary or national of, or engaged in business or
maintained a permanent establishment or was physically present in,
the relevant taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof
or otherwise had some connection with the relevant taxing
jurisdiction other than by reason of the mere ownership of, or
receipt of payment under, such debt security,
-- presented such debt security for payment in the relevant taxing
jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof, unless such debt
security could not have been presented for payment elsewhere, or
-- presented such debt security for payment more than 30 days after the
date on which the payment in respect of such debt security became due
and payable or provided for, whichever is later, except to the extent
that the holder would have been entitled to such additional amounts
if it had presented such debt security for payment on any day within
that 30-day period;
2. any estate, inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, personal property or
similar tax, assessment or other governmental charge;
3. any tax, assessment or other governmental charge that is imposed or
withheld by reason of the failure by the holder or the beneficial owner of such
debt security to comply with any reasonable request by us addressed to the
holder within 90 days of such request
-- to provide information concerning the nationality, residence or
identity of the holder or such beneficial owner or
-- to make any declaration or other similar claim or satisfy any
information or reporting requirement, which is required or imposed by
statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of the
relevant taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof as
a precondition to exemption from all or part of such tax, assessment
or other governmental charge; or
4. any combination of items (1), (2) and (3).
In addition, we will not pay additional amounts with respect to any payment
of principal of, or premium, if any, interest or any other amounts on, any such
debt security to any holder who is a fiduciary or partnership or other than the
sole beneficial owner of such debt security to the extent such payment would be
required by the laws of the relevant taxing jurisdiction, or any political
subdivision or relevant taxing authority thereof or therein, to be included in
the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or partner or settlor with respect
to such fiduciary or a member of such partnership or a beneficial owner who
would not have been entitled to such additional amounts had it been the holder
of the debt security. (Section 10.4 of the senior indenture and the subordinated
indenture)
OPTION TO EXTEND INTEREST PAYMENT DATE
If provided in the related prospectus supplement, we will have the right at
any time and from time to time during the term of any series of subordinated
debt securities issued to a trust to defer payment of interest for such number
of consecutive interest payment periods as may be specified in the related
prospectus supplement, subject to the terms, conditions and covenants, if any,
specified in such prospectus supplement, provided that such extension period may
not extend beyond the stated maturity of such series of subordinated debt
securities. Certain United States Federal income tax consequences and special
considerations applicable to such subordinated debt securities will be described
in the related prospectus supplement. (Section 3.11 of the trust-issued
subordinated indenture).
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OPTION TO EXTEND MATURITY DATE
If provided in the related prospectus supplement, we will have the right to
change or extend the stated maturity of the principal of the subordinated debt
securities of any series issued to a trust upon the liquidation of that trust
and the exchange of the subordinated debt securities for the preferred
securities of that trust, provided that
-- we are not in bankruptcy, otherwise insolvent or in liquidation;
-- we have not defaulted on any payment on such subordinated debt
securities and no deferred interest payments have accrued;
-- the applicable trust is not in arrears on payments of distributions
on its preferred securities and no deferred distributions have
accumulated;
-- the subordinated debt securities of such series are rated investment
grade by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services, Moody's Investors
Service, Inc. or another nationally recognized statistical rating
organization; and
-- the extended stated maturity is no later than the 49th anniversary of
the initial issuance of the preferred securities of the applicable
trust.
If we exercise our right to liquidate the applicable trust and exchange the
subordinated debt securities for the preferred securities of the trust as
described above, any changed stated maturity of the principal of the
subordinated debt securities shall be no earlier than the date that is five
years after the initial issue date of the preferred securities and no later than
the date 30 years, plus an extended term of up to an additional 19 years if the
conditions described above are satisfied, after the initial issue date of the
preferred securities of the applicable trust. (Section 3.14 of the trust-issued
subordinated indenture)
REDEMPTION
If provided in the related prospectus supplement, we will have the right to
redeem some or all of the debt securities. The prospectus supplement relating to
the particular debt securities offered thereby will describe:
-- whether and on what terms we will have the option to redeem such debt
securities in lieu of paying additional amounts in respect of certain
taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges that might
be imposed on holders of such debt securities;
-- whether any of such debt securities are to be redeemable at our
option and, if so, the date or dates on which, the period or periods
within which, the price or prices at which and the other terms and
conditions upon which such debt securities may be redeemed, in whole
or in part, at our option; and
-- whether we will be obligated to redeem or purchase any of such debt
securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provision or at
the option of any holder thereof and, if so, the date or dates on
which, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at
which and the other terms and conditions upon which such debt
securities will be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part,
pursuant to such obligation, and any provisions for the remarketing
of such debt securities so redeemed or purchased.
If provided in the related prospectus supplement, the holders of the debt
securities may have the right to cause us to repay their indebtedness upon a
change of control of W. R. Berkley. As noted above, a change of control of W. R.
Berkley would trigger a similar right of the banks under our $75 million credit
facility to cause us to repay any outstanding indebtedness under the facility.
The W. R. Berkley indentures provide that if we do not redeem all of the
debt securities, the trustee will select the securities to be redeemed by such
method as it shall deem fair and appropriate. If any debt securities are to be
redeemed in part only, we will issue a new note for such securities in principal
amount equal to the unredeemed principal portion. If a portion of your debt
securities is selected for partial redemption and you convert or elect
repurchase of a portion of your securities, the converted or repurchased portion
will be
27
deemed to be taken from the portion selected for redemption. Unless otherwise
provided in the prospectus supplement, notice of redemption setting forth the
redemption date and redemption price must be given at least thirty days and not
more than sixty days prior to the redemption date.
Except as otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement, in the
case of any series of subordinated debt securities issued to a trust, if an
Investment Company Event or a Tax Event shall occur and be continuing, we may,
at our option, redeem such series of subordinated debt securities, in whole but
not in part, at any time within 90 days of the occurrence of such special event,
at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such subordinated
debt securities then outstanding plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date
fixed for redemption. (Section 11.8 of the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
For purposes of the trust-issued subordinated indenture, "Investment
Company Event" means, in respect of a trust, the receipt by such trust of an
opinion of counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result
of the occurrence of a change in law or regulation or a change in the
interpretation or application of law or regulation by any legislative body,
court or governmental agency or regulatory authority, such trust is or will be
considered an investment company that is required to be registered under the
Investment Company Act, which change becomes effective on or after the date of
original issuance of the preferred securities of such trust. (Section 1.1 of the
trust-issued subordinated indenture)
For purposes of the trust-issued subordinated indenture, "Tax Event" means,
in respect of a trust, the receipt by such trust or us of an opinion of counsel
experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of any amendment to,
or change, including any announced prospective change, in, the laws of the
United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or
therein, or as a result of any official administrative pronouncement or judicial
decision interpreting or applying such laws or regulations, which amendment or
change is effective or which pronouncement or decision is announced on or after
the date of original issuance of the preferred securities of such trust, there
is more than an insubstantial risk that
-- such trust is, or will be within 90 days of the date of such opinion,
subject to United States Federal income tax with respect to income
received or accrued on the corresponding series of subordinated debt
securities,
-- interest payable by us on such subordinated debt securities is not,
or within 90 days of the date of such opinion will not be, deductible
by us, in whole or in part, for United States Federal income tax
purposes or
-- such trust is, or will be within 90 days of the date of such opinion,
subject to more than a de minimus amount of other taxes, duties or
other governmental charges. (Section 1.1 of the trust-issued
subordinated indenture).
Notice of any redemption will be mailed at least 30 days but not more than
60 days before the redemption date to each holder of subordinated debt
securities to be redeemed at its registered address. Unless we default in
payment of the redemption price, on and after the redemption date interest will
cease to accrue on the subordinated debt securities or portions thereof called
for redemption.
COVENANTS APPLICABLE TO SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES ISSUED TO A TRUST
We will covenant, as to each series of our subordinated debt securities
issued to a trust in connection with the issuance of preferred securities and
common securities by that trust, that we will not, and will not permit any of
our Subsidiaries to,
-- declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem,
purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any
of our outstanding capital stock or
-- make any payment of principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on
or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt security of ours that ranks
junior in interest to the subordinated debt securities of such series
or make any guarantee payments with respect to any guarantee by us of
the debt securities of any
28
Subsidiary of ours if such guarantee ranks junior in interest to the
subordinated debt securities of such series, other than
(a) dividends or distributions in our common stock,
(b) redemptions or purchases of any rights outstanding under a
shareholder rights plan of ours, or the declaration of a dividend of
such rights or the issuance of stock under such plan in the future,
(c) payments under any preferred securities guarantee of ours, and
(d) purchases of common stock related to the issuance of common stock
under any of our benefit plans for our directors, officers or
employees,
if at such time
(1) there shall have occurred any event of which we have actual knowledge
that
(A) with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, would
constitute an Event of Default under the applicable subordinated indenture
and
(B) in respect of which we shall not have taken reasonable steps to
cure,
(2) we shall be in default with respect to our payment of obligations
under the preferred securities guarantee relating to such preferred securities
or
(3) we shall have given notice of our election to begin an Extension
Period as provided in the applicable subordinated indenture with respect to the
subordinated debt securities of such series and shall not have rescinded such
notice, or such Extension Period, or any extension thereof, shall be continuing.
(Section 10.10 of the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
In the event our subordinated debt securities are issued to a trust in
connection with the issuance of preferred securities and common securities of
such trust, for so long as such series of subordinated debt securities remain
outstanding, we will also covenant
-- to maintain directly or indirectly 100% ownership of the common
securities of such trust; provided, however, that any permitted
successor of ours under the applicable subordinated indenture may
succeed to our ownership of such common securities,
-- not to voluntarily dissolve, wind-up or liquidate such trust, except
in connection with the distribution of our subordinated debt
securities to the holders of preferred securities and common
securities in liquidation of such trust, the redemption of all of the
preferred securities and common securities of such trust, or certain
mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, each as permitted by the
restated trust agreement of such trust, and
-- to use our reasonable efforts, consistent with the terms of the
related trust agreement, to cause such trust to remain classified as
a grantor trust for United States Federal income tax purposes.
(Section 10.12 of the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
CONSOLIDATION, AMALGAMATION, MERGER AND SALE OF ASSETS
Each W. R. Berkley indenture provides that we may not
(1) consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any Person or convey,
transfer or lease our properties and assets as an entirety or substantially as
an entirety to any Person, or
(2) permit any Person to consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into us,
or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets as an entirety or
substantially as an entirety to us, unless
-- in the case of (1) above, such Person is a corporation organized and
existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State
thereof or the District of Columbia and will expressly assume, by
supplemental indenture satisfactory in form to the trustee, the due
and punctual payment of the
29
principal of, any premium and interest on and any additional amounts
with respect to all of the debt securities issued thereunder, and the
performance of our obligations under such W. R. Berkley indenture and
the debt securities issued thereunder, and provides for conversion or
exchange rights in accordance with the provisions of the debt
securities of any series that are convertible or exchangeable into
common stock or other securities,
-- immediately after giving effect to such transaction and treating any
indebtedness which becomes an obligation of ours or a Subsidiary as a
result of such transaction as having been incurred by us or such
Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event of Default, and
no event which after notice or lapse of time or both would become an
Event of Default, will have happened and be continuing, and
-- certain other conditions are met. (Section 8.1)
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
Each of the following events will constitute an Event of Default under the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture with respect to any series of debt securities
issued thereunder, whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it
will be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant
to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation
of any administrative or governmental body:
(1) default in the payment of any interest on any debt security of such
series, or any additional amounts payable with respect thereto, when such
interest becomes or such additional amounts become due and payable, and
continuance of such default for a period of 30 days;
(2) default in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any debt
security of such series, or any additional amounts payable with respect thereto,
when such principal or premium becomes or such additional amounts become due and
payable either at maturity, upon any redemption, by declaration of acceleration
or otherwise;
(3) default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due by
the terms of any debt security of such series;
(4) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of
ours contained in the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture for the benefit of such
series or in the debt securities of such series, and the continuance of such
default or breach for a period of 60 days after there has been given written
notice as provided in such W. R. Berkley indenture;
(5) if any event of default as defined in any mortgage, indenture or
instrument under which there may be issued, or by which there may be secured or
evidenced, any Indebtedness of ours, whether such Indebtedness now exists or is
hereafter created or incurred, happens and consists of default in the payment of
more than $50,000,000 in principal amount of such Indebtedness at the maturity
thereof, after giving effect to any applicable grace period, or results in such
Indebtedness in principal amount in excess of $50,000,000 becoming or being
declared due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise become
due and payable, and such default is not cured or such acceleration is not
rescinded or annulled within a period of 30 days after there has been given
written notice as provided in the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture;
(6) we shall fail within 60 days to pay, bond or otherwise discharge any
uninsured judgment or court order for the payment of money in excess of
$50,000,000, which is not stayed on appeal or is not otherwise being
appropriately contested in good faith;
(7) in the event subordinated debt securities are issued to a trust or a
trustee for such trust in connection with the issuance of preferred securities
and common securities by such trust, the voluntary or involuntary dissolution,
winding up or termination of such trust, except in connection with the
distribution of subordinated debt securities to the holders of preferred
securities and common securities in liquidation of that trust, the redemption of
all of the preferred securities and common securities of such trust, or certain
mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, each as permitted by the restated
trust agreement of such trust;
30
(8) certain events in our bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization; and
(9) any other Event of Default provided in or pursuant to the applicable
W. R. Berkley indenture with respect to the debt securities of such series.
(Section 5.1)
If an Event of Default with respect to the debt securities of any series,
other than an Event of Default described in (8) of the preceding paragraph,
occurs and is continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in
principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series by written
notice as provided in the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture may declare the
principal amount, or such lesser amount as may be provided for in the debt
securities of such series, of all outstanding debt securities of such series to
be due and payable immediately. At any time after a declaration of acceleration
has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of money has been
obtained by the trustee, and subject to applicable law and certain other
provisions of the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture, the holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of such series may, under
certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration. An Event of Default
described in (8) of the preceding paragraph will cause the principal amount and
accrued interest, or such lesser amount as provided for in the debt securities
of such series, to become immediately due and payable without any declaration or
other act by the trustee or any holder. (Section 5.2)
Each W. R. Berkley indenture provides that, within 90 days after the
occurrence of any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would
become, an Event of Default with respect to the debt securities of any series,
the trustee will transmit, in the manner set forth in such W. R. Berkley
indenture, notice of such default to the holders of the debt securities of such
series unless such default has been cured or waived; provided, however, that the
trustee may withhold such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the
executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or responsible
officers of the trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such
notice is in the best interest of the holders of the debt securities of such
series; and provided, further, that in the case of any default of the character
described in (5) of the second preceding paragraph, no such notice to holders
will be given until at least 30 days after the default occurs. (Section 6.2)
If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the debt
securities of any series, the trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect
and enforce its rights and the rights of the holders of the debt securities of
such series by all appropriate judicial proceedings. (Section 5.3) Each W. R.
Berkley indenture provides that, subject to the duty of the trustee during any
default to act with the required standard of care, the trustee will be under no
obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such W. R. Berkley
indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the debt
securities, unless such holders shall have offered to the trustee indemnity
reasonably satisfactory to the trustee. (Section 6.1) Subject to such provisions
for the indemnification of the trustee, and subject to applicable law and
certain other provisions of the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture, the holders
of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities
of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to debt securities of
such series. (Section 5.12)
If an Event of Default with respect to a series of subordinated debt
securities issued to a trust has occurred and is continuing and such event is
attributable to a default in the payment of interest or principal on the related
subordinated debt securities on the date such interest or principal is otherwise
payable, a holder of preferred securities of such trust may institute a legal
proceeding directly against us for enforcement of payment to such holder of the
principal of or interest on such related subordinated debt securities having a
principal amount equal to the aggregate liquidation amount of the related
preferred securities of such holder. We may not amend the applicable
subordinated indenture to remove the foregoing right to bring a direct action
without the prior written consent of the holders of all of the preferred
securities of such trust. If the right to bring such direct action is removed,
the applicable trust may become subject to the reporting obligations under the
Exchange Act. We will have the right under the subordinated indenture to set-off
any payment made to such holder of preferred securities by us, in connection
with a direct action. (Section 3.12 of the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
The holders of preferred securities will not be able to exercise directly any
other remedy available to the holders of the related subordinated debt
securities.
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The holders of the preferred securities would not be able to exercise
directly any remedies other than those set forth in the preceding paragraph
available to the holders of the subordinated debt securities unless there shall
have been an event of default under the applicable restated trust agreement. See
"Description of Preferred Securities--Events of Default; Notice." (Section 5.8
of the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
MODIFICATION AND WAIVER
We and the trustee may modify or amend a W. R. Berkley indenture with the
consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount
of the outstanding debt securities of each series affected thereby; provided,
however, that no such modification or amendment may, without the consent of the
holder of each outstanding debt security affected thereby,
-- change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any premium or
installment of interest on, or any additional amounts with respect
to, any debt security,
-- reduce the principal amount of, or the rate, or modify the
calculation of such rate, of interest on, or any additional amounts
with respect to, or any premium payable upon the redemption of, any
debt security,
-- change our obligation to pay additional amounts with respect to any
debt security,
-- reduce the amount of the principal of an original issue discount
security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of
acceleration of the maturity thereof or the amount thereof provable
in bankruptcy,
-- change the redemption provisions of any debt security or adversely
affect the right of repayment at the option of any holder of any debt
security,
-- change the place of payment or the coin or currency in which the
principal of, any premium or interest on or any additional amounts
with respect to any debt security is payable,
-- impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment
on or after the stated maturity of any debt security or, in the case
of redemption, on or after the redemption date or, in the case of
repayment at the option of any holder, on or after the repayment
date,
-- reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding debt
securities, the consent of whose holders is required in order to take
specific actions,
-- reduce the requirements for quorum or voting by holders of debt
securities in Section 15.4 of the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture,
-- modify any of the provisions in the applicable W. R. Berkley
indenture regarding the waiver of past defaults and the waiver of
certain covenants by the holders of the debt securities except to
increase any percentage vote required or to provide that other
provisions of such W. R. Berkley indenture cannot be modified or
waived without the consent of the holder of each debt security
affected thereby,
-- make any change that adversely affects the right to convert or
exchange any debt security into or for our common stock or other debt
securities or other securities, cash or property in accordance with
its terms,
-- modify any of the provisions of the subordinated indenture relating
to the subordination of the subordinated debt securities in a manner
adverse to holders of the subordinated debt securities, or
-- modify any of the above provisions. (Section 9.2)
In addition, no supplemental indenture may directly or indirectly modify or
eliminate the subordination provisions of a subordinated indenture in any manner
which might terminate or impair the subordination of the subordinated debt
securities to Senior Indebtedness without the prior written consent of the
holders of the Senior Indebtedness. (Section 9.7 of the subordinated indenture
and the trust-issued subordinated indenture)
32
We and the trustee may modify or amend a W. R. Berkley indenture and the
debt securities of any series without the consent of any holder in order to,
among other things:
-- provide for our successor pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation,
merger or sale of assets;
-- add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of all or any
series of debt securities or to surrender any right or power
conferred upon us by the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture;
-- provide for a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities
of all or any series;
-- cure any ambiguity or correct or supplement any provision in the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture which may be defective or
inconsistent with any other provision, or to make any other
provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture which will not adversely affect
the interests of the holders of debt securities of any series;
-- change the conditions, limitations and restrictions on the authorized
amount, terms or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of
debt securities under the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture;
-- add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any
series of debt securities;
-- secure the debt securities;
-- provide for conversion or exchange rights of the holders of any
series of debt securities; or
-- make any other change that does not materially adversely affect the
interests of the holders of any debt securities then outstanding
under the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture. (Section 9.1)
The holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
debt securities of any series may, on behalf of the holders of all debt
securities of that series, waive compliance by us with certain restrictive
provisions of the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture. (Section 10.6) The holders
of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of any series may, on behalf of the holders of all debt
securities of that series, waive any past default and its consequences under the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture with respect to debt securities of that
series, except a default
-- in the payment of principal of, any premium or interest on or any
additional amounts with respect to debt securities of that series or
-- in respect of a covenant or provision of the applicable W. R. Berkley
indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of
the holder of each debt security of any series. (Section 5.13)
Under each W. R. Berkley indenture, we are required to furnish the trustee
annually a statement as to performance by us of certain of our obligations under
such W. R. Berkley indenture and as to any default in such performance. We are
also required to deliver to the trustee, within five days after occurrence
thereof, written notice of any Event of Default or any event which after notice
or lapse of time or both would constitute an Event of Default. (Section 10.7)
DISCHARGE, DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE
We may discharge certain obligations to holders of any series of debt
securities that have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation
and that either have become due and payable or will become due and payable
within one year, or scheduled for redemption within one year, by depositing with
the trustee, in trust, funds in U.S. dollars or in the Foreign Currency in which
such debt securities are payable in an amount sufficient to pay the entire
indebtedness on such debt securities with respect to principal and any premium,
interest and additional amounts to the date of such deposit, if such debt
securities have become due and payable, or to the maturity thereof, as the case
may be. (Section 4.1)
33
Each W. R. Berkley indenture provides that, unless the provisions of
Section 4.2 thereof are made inapplicable to debt securities of or within any
series pursuant to Section 3.1 thereof, we may elect either
-- to defease and be discharged from any and all obligations with
respect to such debt securities, except for, among other things, the
obligation to pay additional amounts, if any, upon the occurrence of
certain events of taxation, assessment or governmental charge with
respect to payments on such debt securities and other obligations to
register the transfer or exchange of such debt securities, to replace
temporary or mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen debt securities, to
maintain an office or agency with respect to such debt securities and
to hold moneys for payment in trust, or
-- to be released from its obligations with respect to such debt
securities under certain covenants as described in the related
prospectus supplement, and any omission to comply with such
obligations will not constitute a default or an Event of Default with
respect to such debt securities.
Such defeasance or such covenant defeasance, as the case may be, will be
conditioned upon the irrevocable deposit by us with the trustee, in trust, of an
amount in U.S. dollars or in the Foreign Currency in which such debt securities
are payable at stated maturity, or Government Obligations (as defined below), or
both, applicable to such debt securities which through the scheduled payment of
principal and interest in accordance with their terms will provide money in an
amount sufficient to pay the principal of, any premium and interest on, and any
additional amounts with respect to, such debt securities on the scheduled due
dates. (Section 4.2)
Such a trust may only be established if, among other things,
-- the applicable defeasance or covenant defeasance does not result in a
breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, the applicable
W. R. Berkley indenture or any other material agreement or instrument
to which we are a party or by which we are bound,
-- no Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of time or
both would become an Event of Default with respect to the debt
securities to be defeased will have occurred and be continuing on the
date of establishment of such a trust and, with respect to defeasance
only, at any time during the period ending on the 123rd day after
such date and
-- we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel, as specified
in the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture, to the effect that the
holders of such debt securities will not recognize income, gain or
loss for United States Federal income tax purposes as a result of
such defeasance or covenant defeasance and will be subject to United
States Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and
at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance or
covenant defeasance had not occurred, and such opinion of counsel, in
the case of defeasance, must refer to and be based upon a letter
ruling of the Internal Revenue Service received by us, a Revenue
Ruling published by the Internal Revenue Service or a change in
applicable United States Federal income tax law occurring after the
date of the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture. (Section 4.2)
"Foreign Currency" means any currency, currency unit or composite currency,
including, without limitation, the euro, issued by the government of one or more
countries other than the United States of America or by any recognized
confederation or association of such governments. (Section 1.1)
"Government Obligations" means debt securities which are
(1) direct obligations of the United States of America or the government
or the governments which issued the Foreign Currency in which the debt
securities of a particular series are payable, for the payment of which its full
faith and credit is pledged or
(2) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an
agency or instrumentality of the United States of America or such government or
governments which issued the Foreign Currency in which the debt securities of
such series are payable,
the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and
credit obligation by the United States of America or such other government or
governments, which, in the case of clauses (1) and (2), are
34
not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer or issuers thereof, and
will also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as
custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment
of interest on or principal of or any other amount with respect to any such
Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of
such depository receipt, provided that, except as required by law, such
custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the
holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian with
respect to the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or
principal of or any other amount with respect to the Government Obligation
evidenced by such depository receipt. (Section 1.1)
If after we have deposited funds and/or Government Obligations to effect
defeasance or covenant defeasance with respect to debt securities of any series,
(1) the holder of a debt security of that series is entitled to, and does,
elect pursuant to Section 3.1 of the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture or the
terms of such debt security to receive payment in a currency other than that in
which such deposit has been made in respect of such debt security, or
(2) a Conversion Event occurs in respect of the Foreign Currency in which
such deposit has been made;
the indebtedness represented by such debt security will be deemed to have been,
and will be, fully discharged and satisfied through the payment of the principal
of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts with respect to,
such debt security as such debt security becomes due out of the proceeds yielded
by converting the amount or other properties so deposited in respect of such
debt security into the currency in which such debt security becomes payable as a
result of such election or such Conversion Event based on
-- in the case of payments made pursuant to clause (1) above, the
applicable market exchange rate for such currency in effect on the
second business day prior to such payment date, or
-- with respect to a Conversion Event, the applicable market exchange
rate for such Foreign Currency in effect, as nearly as feasible, at
the time of the Conversion Event. (Section 4.2)
"Conversion Event" means the cessation of use of
-- a Foreign Currency both by the government of the country or countries
which issued such Foreign Currency and for the settlement of
transactions by a central bank or other public institutions of or
within the international banking community or
-- any currency unit or composite currency for the purposes for which it
was established.
All payments of principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional
amounts with respect to, any debt security that are payable in a Foreign
Currency that ceases to be used by the government or governments of issuance
will be made in U.S. dollars. (Section 1.1)
In the event we effect covenant defeasance with respect to any debt
securities and such debt securities are declared due and payable because of the
occurrence of any Event of Default other than an Event of Default with respect
to any covenant as to which there has been covenant defeasance, the amount in
such Foreign Currency in which such debt securities are payable, and Government
Obligations on deposit with the trustee, will be sufficient to pay amounts due
on such debt securities at the time of the stated maturity but may not be
sufficient to pay amounts due on such debt securities at the time of the
acceleration resulting from such Event of Default. However, we would remain
liable to make payment of such amounts due at the time of acceleration.
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SUBORDINATION OF THE SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES
The subordinated debt securities will, to the extent set forth in the
subordinated indenture, be subordinate in right of payment to the prior payment
in full of all Senior Indebtedness. (Section 16.1 of the subordinated
indentures). In the event of
-- any insolvency or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or any receivership,
liquidation, reorganization or other similar case or proceeding in
connection therewith, relative to us or to our creditors, as such, or
to our assets, or
-- any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or other
winding up of ours, whether or not involving insolvency or
bankruptcy, or
-- any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other marshalling
of assets and liabilities of ours,
then and in any such event the holders of Senior Indebtedness will be entitled
to receive payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on or in respect
of all Senior Indebtedness, or provision will be made for such payment in cash,
before the holders of the subordinated debt securities are entitled to receive
or retain any payment on account of principal of, or any premium or interest on,
or any additional amounts with respect to, subordinated debt securities, and to
that end the holders of Senior Indebtedness will be entitled to receive, for
application to the payment thereof, any payment or distribution of any kind or
character, whether in cash, property or securities, including any such payment
or distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of
any other Indebtedness of ours being subordinated to the payment of subordinated
debt securities, which may be payable or deliverable in respect of subordinated
debt securities in any such case, proceeding, dissolution, liquidation or other
winding up event. (Section 16.3 of the subordinated indentures)
By reason of such subordination, in the event of our liquidation or
insolvency, holders of Senior Indebtedness and holders of other obligations of
ours that are not subordinated to Senior Indebtedness may recover more, ratably,
than the holders of subordinated debt securities.
Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness, the rights of
the holders of subordinated debt securities will be subrogated to the rights of
the holders of Senior Indebtedness to receive payments or distributions of cash,
property or securities of ours applicable to such Senior Indebtedness until the
principal of, any premium and interest on, and any additional amounts with
respect to, subordinated debt securities have been paid in full. (Section 16.4
of the subordinated indentures)
No payment of principal, including redemption and sinking fund payments, of
or any premium or interest on or any additional amounts with respect to the
subordinated debt securities may be made
-- if any Senior Indebtedness of ours is not paid when due and any
applicable grace period with respect to such default has ended and
such default has not been cured or waived or ceased to exist, or
-- if the maturity of any Senior Indebtedness of ours has been
accelerated because of a default. (Section 16.2 of the subordinated
indentures)
The subordinated indenture does not limit or prohibit us from incurring
additional Senior Indebtedness, which may include Indebtedness that is senior to
subordinated debt securities, but subordinate to our other obligations. The
senior debt securities will constitute Senior Indebtedness under the
subordinated indenture.
The term "Senior Indebtedness" means all Indebtedness of ours outstanding
at any time, except
-- the subordinated debt securities,
-- indebtedness as to which, by the terms of the instrument creating or
evidencing the same, it is provided that such Indebtedness is
subordinated to or ranks equally with the subordinated debt
securities,
-- Indebtedness of ours to an Affiliate of ours,
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-- interest accruing after the filing of a petition initiating any
bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar proceeding unless such
interest is an allowed claim enforceable against us in a proceeding
under federal or state bankruptcy laws,
-- trade accounts payable and
-- any Indebtedness, including all other debt securities and guarantees
in respect of those debt securities, initially issued to
(1) W. R. Berkley Capital Trust II or W. R. Berkley Capital Trust III
or
(2) any trust, partnership or other entity affiliated with us which is
a financing vehicle of ours or any Affiliate of ours in connection
with an issuance by such entity of preferred securities or other
securities which are similar to the preferred securities described
under "Description of Preferred Securities" below.
Such Senior Indebtedness will continue to be Senior Indebtedness and be
entitled to the benefits of the subordination provisions irrespective of any
amendment, modification or waiver of any term of such Senior Indebtedness.
(Sections 1.1 and 16.8 of the subordinated indentures)
The subordinated indenture provides that the foregoing subordination
provisions, insofar as they relate to any particular issue of subordinated debt
securities, may be changed prior to such issuance. Any such change would be
described in the related prospectus supplement.
NEW YORK LAW TO GOVERN
The W. R. Berkley indentures and the debt securities will be governed by,
and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable
to agreements made or instruments entered into and, in each case, performed
wholly in that state. (Section 1.13)
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
We may from time to time borrow from, maintain deposit accounts with and
conduct other banking transactions with the trustee and its affiliates in the
ordinary course of business. The trustee will be named in the applicable
prospectus supplement.
Under each W. R. Berkley indenture, the trustee may be required to transmit
annual reports to all holders regarding its eligibility and qualifications as
trustee under the applicable W. R. Berkley indenture and related matters.
(Section 7.3)
DESCRIPTION OF THE WARRANTS TO PURCHASE
COMMON STOCK OR PREFERRED STOCK
The following statements with respect to the common stock warrants and
preferred stock warrants are summaries of, and subject to, the detailed
provisions of a stock warrant agreement to be entered into by us and a stock
warrant agent to be selected at the time of issue. The stock warrant agreement
may include or incorporate by reference standard warrant provisions
substantially in the forms of the Common Stock Warrant Agreement and the
Preferred Stock Warrant Agreement filed as exhibits to the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
GENERAL
The stock warrants, evidenced by stock warrant certificates, may be issued
under the stock warrant agreement independently or together with any other
securities offered by any prospectus supplement and may be attached to or
separate from such other offered securities. If stock warrants are offered, the
related
37
prospectus supplement will describe the designation and terms of the stock
warrants, including without limitation the following:
-- the offering price, if any;
-- the designation and terms of the common stock or preferred stock
purchasable upon exercise of the stock warrants;
-- if applicable, the date on and after which the stock warrants and the
related offered securities will be separately transferable;
-- the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable
upon exercise of one stock warrant and the initial price at which
such shares may be purchased upon exercise;
-- the date on which the right to exercise the stock warrants shall
commence and the date on which such right shall expire;
-- a discussion of certain United States Federal income tax
considerations;
-- the call provisions, if any;
-- the currency, currencies or currency units in which the offering
price, if any, and exercise price are payable;
-- the antidilution provisions of the stock warrants; and
-- any other terms of the stock warrants.
The shares of common stock or preferred stock issuable upon exercise of the
stock warrants will, when issued in accordance with the stock warrant agreement,
be fully paid and nonassessable.
EXERCISE OF STOCK WARRANTS
Stock warrants may be exercised by surrendering to the stock warrant agent
the stock warrant certificate with the form of election to purchase on the
reverse thereof duly completed and signed by the warrantholder, or its duly
authorized agent, indicating the warrantholder's election to exercise all or a
portion of the stock warrants evidenced by the certificate. The signature must
be guaranteed by a bank or trust company, by a broker or dealer which is a
member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or by a member of
a national securities exchange. Surrendered stock warrant certificates shall be
accompanied by payment of the aggregate exercise price of the stock warrants to
be exercised, as set forth in the related prospectus supplement, in lawful money
of the United States, unless otherwise provided in the related prospectus
supplement. Upon receipt thereof by the stock warrant agent, the stock warrant
agent will requisition from the transfer agent for the common stock or the
preferred stock, as the case may be, for issuance and delivery to or upon the
written order of the exercising warrantholder, a certificate representing the
number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchased. If less than all
of the stock warrants evidenced by any stock warrant certificate are exercised,
the stock warrant agent shall deliver to the exercising warrantholder a new
stock warrant certificate representing the unexercised stock warrants.
ANTIDILUTION AND OTHER PROVISIONS
The exercise price payable and the number of shares of common stock or
preferred stock purchasable upon the exercise of each stock warrant and the
number of stock warrants outstanding will be subject to adjustment in certain
events, including the issuance of a stock dividend to holders of common stock or
preferred stock, respectively, or a combination, subdivision or reclassification
of common stock or preferred stock, respectively. In lieu of adjusting the
number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of
each stock warrant, we may elect to adjust the number of stock warrants. No
adjustment in the number of shares purchasable upon exercise of the stock
warrants will be required until cumulative adjustments require an adjustment of
at least 1% thereof. We may, at our option, reduce the exercise price at any
time. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of stock warrants, but
we will pay the cash value of
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any fractional shares otherwise issuable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case
of our consolidation, merger, or sale or conveyance of our property as an
entirety or substantially as an entirety, the holder of each outstanding stock
warrant shall have the right to the kind and amount of shares of stock and other
securities and property, including cash, receivable by a holder of the number of
shares of common stock or preferred stock into which such stock warrants were
exercisable immediately prior thereto.
NO RIGHTS AS STOCKHOLDERS
Holders of stock warrants will not be entitled, by virtue of being such
holders, to vote, to consent, to receive dividends, to receive notice as
stockholders with respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our
directors or any other matter, or to exercise any rights whatsoever as our
stockholders.
DESCRIPTION OF THE WARRANTS TO PURCHASE DEBT SECURITIES
The following statements with respect to the debt warrants are summaries
of, and subject to, the detailed provisions of a debt warrant agreement to be
entered into by us and a debt warrant agent to be selected at the time of issue.
The debt warrant agreement may include or incorporate by reference standard
warrant provisions substantially in the form of the Debt Warrant Agreement filed
as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a
part.
GENERAL
The debt warrants, evidenced by debt warrant certificates, may be issued
under the debt warrant agreement independently or together with any other
securities offered by any prospectus supplement and may be attached to or
separate from such other offered securities. If debt warrants are offered, the
related prospectus supplement will describe the designation and terms of the
debt warrants, including without limitation the following:
-- the offering price, if any;
-- the designation, aggregate principal amount and terms of the debt
securities purchasable upon exercise of the debt warrants;
-- if applicable, the date on and after which the debt warrants and the
related offered securities will be separately transferable;
-- the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of
one debt warrant and the price at which such principal amount of debt
securities may be purchased upon exercise;
-- the date on which the right to exercise the debt warrants shall
commence and the date on which such right shall expire;
-- a discussion of certain United States Federal income tax
considerations;
-- whether the warrants represented by the debt warrant certificates
will be issued in registered or bearer form;
-- the currency, currencies or currency units in which the offering
price, if any, and exercise price are payable;
-- the antidilution provisions of the debt warrants; and
-- any other terms of the debt warrants.
Warrantholders will not have any of the rights of holders of debt
securities, including the right to receive the payment of principal of, any
premium or interest on, or any additional amounts with respect to, the debt
securities or to enforce any of the covenants of the debt securities or the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture except as otherwise provided in the
applicable W. R. Berkley indenture.
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EXERCISE OF DEBT WARRANTS
Debt warrants may be exercised by surrendering the debt warrant certificate
at the office of the debt warrant agent, with the form of election to purchase
on the reverse side of the debt warrant certificate properly completed and
executed, and by payment in full of the exercise price, as set forth in the
related prospectus supplement. The signature must be guaranteed by a bank or
trust company, by a broker or dealer which is a member of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or by a member of a national securities
exchange. Upon the exercise of debt warrants, we will issue the debt securities
in authorized denominations in accordance with the instructions of the
exercising warrantholder. If less than all of the debt warrants evidenced by the
debt warrant certificate are exercised, a new debt warrant certificate will be
issued for the remaining number of debt warrants.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED SECURITIES
Each trust will be governed by the terms of the applicable restated trust
agreement. Under the restated trust agreement of a trust, the trust may issue,
from time to time, only one series of preferred securities. The preferred
securities will have the terms set forth in the restated trust agreement or made
a part of the restated trust agreement by the Trust Indenture Act, and described
in the related prospectus supplement. These terms will mirror the terms of the
subordinated debt securities purchased by the trust using the proceeds from the
sale of its preferred securities and its common securities. The subordinated
debt securities issued to the trust will be guaranteed by us on a subordinated
basis and are referred to as the "corresponding subordinated debt securities"
relating to the trust. See "Use of Proceeds."
The following summary sets forth the material terms and provisions of each
restated trust agreement and the preferred securities to which any prospectus
supplement relates. Because this summary is not complete, you should refer to
the form of restated trust agreement and to the Trust Indenture Act for complete
information regarding the terms and provisions of that agreement and of the
preferred securities, including the definitions of some of the terms used below.
The form of restated trust agreement filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part is incorporated by reference in
this summary. Whenever particular sections or defined terms of a restated trust
agreement are referred to, such sections or defined terms are incorporated
herein by reference, and the statement in connection with which such reference
is made is qualified in its entirety by such reference.
ISSUANCE, STATUS AND GUARANTEE OF PREFERRED SECURITIES
Under the terms of the restated trust agreement for each trust, the
administrative trustees will issue the preferred securities on behalf of the
trust. The preferred securities will represent preferred beneficial interests in
the trust and the holders of the preferred securities will be entitled to a
preference in certain circumstances as regards distributions and amounts payable
on redemption or liquidation over the common securities of the trust, as well as
other benefits under the corresponding restated trust agreement. The preferred
securities of each trust will rank equally, and payments will be made on the
preferred securities pro rata, with the common securities of the trust except as
described under "--Subordination of Common Securities." The property trustee
will hold legal title to the corresponding subordinated debt securities in trust
for the benefit of the holders of the related preferred securities and common
securities. The common securities and the preferred securities of each trust are
collectively referred to as the "trust securities" of the trust.
We will issue a guarantee agreement for the benefit of the holders of each
trust's preferred securities. Under such preferred securities guarantee, we will
guarantee on a subordinated basis payment of distributions on the related
preferred securities and amounts payable on redemption or liquidation of such
preferred securities, but only to the extent that the related trust has funds on
hand to make such payments. See "Description of Preferred Securities
Guarantees."
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DISTRIBUTIONS
Distributions on the preferred securities will be cumulative, will
accumulate from the original issue date and will be payable on the dates as
specified in the related prospectus supplement. In the event that any date on
which distributions are payable on the preferred securities is not a Business
Day, payment of the distribution payable on such date will be made on the next
succeeding day that is a Business Day, and without any additional distributions
or other payment in respect of any such delay, except that, if such Business Day
is in the next succeeding calendar year, payment of such distribution shall be
made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force
and effect as if made on the date such payment was originally payable. (Section
4.1) A "Business Day" is any day other than a Saturday or a Sunday, or a day on
which banking institutions in the City of New York are authorized or required by
law or executive order to remain closed or a day on which the principal
corporate trust office of the property trustee or the trustee for the
corresponding subordinated debt securities is closed for business. (Section 1.1)
Distributions on each preferred security will be payable at a rate
specified in the related prospectus supplement. The amount of distributions
payable for any period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve
30-day months unless otherwise specified in the related prospectus supplement.
Distributions to which holders of preferred securities are entitled will
accumulate additional distributions at the rate per annum if and as specified in
the related prospectus supplement. (Section 4.1). References to "distributions"
include any such additional distributions unless otherwise stated.
If provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, we have the right
under the subordinated indenture to defer the payment of interest at any time or
from time to time on any series of corresponding subordinated debt securities
for an Extension Period which will be specified in the related prospectus
supplement. No Extension Period may extend beyond the stated maturity of the
corresponding subordinated debt securities. See "Description of Debt
Securities--Option to Extend Interest Payment Date." As a consequence of any
such extension, distributions on the corresponding preferred securities would be
deferred, but would continue to accumulate additional distributions at the rate
per annum set forth in the prospectus supplement for such preferred securities,
by the trust which issued such preferred securities during any such Extension
Period. (Section 4.1)
The funds of each trust available for distribution to holders of its
preferred securities will be limited to payments under the corresponding
subordinated debt securities in which the trust will invest the proceeds from
the issuance and sale of its trust securities. If we do not make interest
payments on those corresponding subordinated debt securities, the property
trustee will not have funds available to pay distributions on the related
preferred securities. The payment of distributions, if and to the extent the
trust has funds legally available for the payment of such distributions and cash
sufficient to make such payments, is guaranteed by us on a limited basis as set
forth herein under "Description of Preferred Securities Guarantees."
Distributions on the preferred securities will be payable to the holders
thereof as they appear on the register of the trust on the relevant record
dates. As long as the preferred securities remain in book-entry form, the record
dates will be one Business Day prior to the relevant distribution dates. Subject
to any applicable laws and regulations and the provisions of the applicable
restated trust agreement, each distribution payment will be made as described
under "Global Preferred Securities." In the event any preferred securities are
not in book-entry form, the relevant record date for such preferred securities
will be the date at least 15 days prior to the relevant distribution date, as
specified in the related prospectus supplement. (Section 4.1)
REDEMPTION OR EXCHANGE
Mandatory Redemption. Upon any repayment or redemption, in whole or in
part, of any corresponding subordinated debt securities held by a trust, whether
at stated maturity, upon earlier redemption or otherwise, the proceeds from such
repayment or redemption shall simultaneously be applied by the property trustee,
upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days notice to holders of trust
securities, to redeem, on a pro rata basis, preferred securities and common
securities having an aggregate stated liquidation amount equal to the aggregate
principal amount of the corresponding subordinated debt securities so repaid or
redeemed. The redemption price per trust security will be equal to the stated
liquidation amount thereof plus accumulated and
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unpaid distributions thereon to the date of redemption, plus the related amount
of premium, if any, and any additional amounts paid by us upon the concurrent
repayment or redemption of the corresponding subordinated debt securities.
(Section 4.2) If less than all of any series of corresponding subordinated debt
securities are to be repaid or redeemed on a redemption date, then the proceeds
from such repayment or redemption shall be allocated to the redemption pro rata
of the related preferred securities and the common securities. (Section 4.2)
We will have the right to redeem any series of corresponding subordinated
debt securities
-- at any time, in whole but not in part, upon the occurrence of a
Special Event and subject to the further conditions described under
"Description of Debt Securities--Redemption," or
-- as may be otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Special Event Redemption or Distribution of Corresponding Subordinated Debt
Securities. If a Special Event relating to the preferred securities and common
securities of a trust shall occur and be continuing, we have the right to redeem
the corresponding subordinated debt securities, in whole but not in part, and
thereby cause a mandatory redemption of such preferred securities and common
securities, in whole but not in part, at the redemption price within 90 days
following the occurrence of the Special Event. At any time, we have the right to
dissolve the related trust and after satisfaction of the liabilities of
creditors of such trust as provided by applicable law, cause such corresponding
subordinated debt securities to be distributed to the holders of such preferred
securities and common securities in liquidation of the trust. If we do not elect
to redeem the corresponding subordinated debt securities upon the occurrence of
a Special Event, the applicable preferred securities will remain outstanding,
and in the event a Tax Event has occurred and is continuing, Additional Sums may
be payable on the corresponding subordinated debt securities. "Additional Sums"
means the additional amounts as may be necessary in order that the amount of
distributions then due and payable by a trust on the outstanding preferred
securities and common securities of the trust shall not be reduced as a result
of any additional taxes, duties and other governmental charges to which the
trust has become subject as a result of a Tax Event. (Section 1.1)
On and from the date fixed for any distribution of corresponding
subordinated debt securities upon dissolution of a trust
-- the trust securities will no longer be deemed to be outstanding,
-- the depositary or its nominee, as the record holder of the applicable
preferred securities, will receive a registered global certificate or
certificates representing the corresponding subordinated debt
securities to be delivered upon such distribution and
-- any certificates representing such preferred securities not held by
the depositary or its nominee will be deemed to represent beneficial
interests in the corresponding subordinated debt securities having an
aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate stated liquidation
amount of such preferred securities, and bearing accrued and unpaid
interest in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid distributions
on such preferred securities until such certificates are presented to
the administrative trustees or their agent for transfer or
reissuance. (Section 4.2)
We cannot predict the market prices for the preferred securities or the
corresponding subordinated debt securities that may be distributed in exchange
for preferred securities if a dissolution and liquidation of a trust were to
occur. Accordingly, the preferred securities that you may purchase, or the
corresponding subordinated debt securities that you may receive on dissolution
and liquidation of a trust, may trade at a discount to the price that you paid
to purchase the preferred securities.
REDEMPTION PROCEDURES
Preferred securities redeemed on each redemption date shall be redeemed at
the redemption price with the applicable proceeds from the contemporaneous
redemption of the corresponding subordinated debt securities. Redemptions of the
preferred securities shall be made and the redemption price shall be payable on
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each redemption date only to the extent that the related trust has funds on hand
available for the payment of such redemption price. See also "--Subordination of
Common Securities."
If a trust gives a notice of redemption, which notice will be irrevocable,
in respect of its preferred securities, then, by 12:00 noon, New York City time,
on the redemption date, to the extent funds are available, the property trustee
will deposit irrevocably with the depositary for the preferred securities funds
sufficient to pay the applicable redemption price and will give the depositary
irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the redemption price to the
holders of such preferred securities. If such preferred securities are no longer
in book-entry form, the property trustee, to the extent funds are available,
will irrevocably deposit with the paying agent for such preferred securities
funds sufficient to pay the applicable redemption price and will give such
paying agent irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the redemption price
to the holders thereof upon surrender of their certificates evidencing such
preferred securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, distributions payable on or
prior to the redemption date for any preferred securities called for redemption
shall be payable to the holders of such preferred securities on the relevant
record dates for the related distribution dates. If notice of redemption shall
have been given and funds deposited as required, then immediately prior to the
close of business on the date of such deposit, all rights of the holders of such
preferred securities so called for redemption will cease, except the right of
the holders of such preferred securities to receive the redemption price, but
without interest, and such preferred securities will cease to be outstanding. In
the event that any date on which any redemption price is payable is not a
Business Day, then payment of the redemption price payable on such date will be
made on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day, and without any
interest or other payment in respect of any such delay, except that, if such
Business Day falls in the next calendar year, such payment will be made on the
immediately preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect
as if made on such date. In the event that payment of the redemption price in
respect of preferred securities called for redemption is improperly withheld or
refused and not paid either by the related trust or by us pursuant to the
preferred securities guarantee as described under "Description of Preferred
Securities Guarantees", distributions on such preferred securities will continue
to accumulate at the then applicable rate, from the redemption date originally
established by the trust for such preferred securities to the date such
redemption price is actually paid, in which case the actual payment date will be
the date fixed for redemption for purposes of calculating the redemption price.
Subject to applicable law, including, without limitation, United States
Federal securities law, we or our subsidiaries may at any time and from time to
time purchase outstanding preferred securities by tender, in the open market or
by private agreement.
Payment of the redemption price on the preferred securities shall be made
to the applicable recordholders as they appear on the register for such
preferred securities on the relevant record date, which shall be one Business
Day prior to the relevant redemption date; provided, however, that in the event
that any preferred securities are not in book-entry form, the relevant record
date for such preferred securities shall be a date at least 15 days prior to the
redemption date, as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
If less than all of the preferred securities and common securities issued
by a trust are to be redeemed on a redemption date, then the aggregate
liquidation amount of such preferred securities and common securities to be
redeemed shall be allocated pro rata to the preferred securities and the common
securities based upon the relative liquidation amounts of such classes. The
particular preferred securities to be redeemed shall be selected on a pro rata
basis not more than 60 days prior to the redemption date by the property trustee
from the outstanding preferred securities not previously called for redemption,
or by such other method as the property trustee shall deem fair and appropriate.
The property trustee shall promptly notify the trust registrar in writing of the
preferred securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any preferred
securities selected for partial redemption, the liquidation amount thereof to be
redeemed. For all purposes of each restated trust agreement, unless the context
otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of preferred
securities shall relate, in the case of any preferred securities redeemed or to
be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the liquidation amount of preferred
securities which has been or is to be redeemed.
Notice of any redemption will be mailed at least 30 days but not more than
60 days before the redemption date to each holder of trust securities to be
redeemed at its registered address. Unless we default in payment of
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the redemption price on the corresponding subordinated debt securities, on and
after the redemption date interest will cease to accrue on such subordinated
debt securities or portions thereof called for redemption and distributions will
cease to accrue on the related preferred securities or portions thereof.
(Section 4.2)
SUBORDINATION OF COMMON SECURITIES
Payment of distributions on, and the redemption price of, each trust's
preferred securities and common securities, as applicable, shall be made pro
rata based on the liquidation amount of such preferred securities and common
securities; provided, however, that if on any distribution date or redemption
date an event of default under the corresponding subordinated debt securities
shall have occurred and be continuing, no payment of any distribution on, or
redemption price of, any of the trust's common securities, and no other payment
on account of the redemption, liquidation or other acquisition of such common
securities, shall be made unless payment in full in cash of all accumulated and
unpaid distributions on all of the trust's outstanding preferred securities for
all distribution periods terminating on or prior thereto, or in the case of
payment of the redemption price the full amount of such redemption price on all
of the trust's outstanding preferred securities then called for redemption,
shall have been made or provided for, and all funds available to the property
trustee shall first be applied to the payment in full in cash of all
distributions on, or redemption price of, the trust's preferred securities then
due and payable.
In the case of any Event of Default under the restated trust agreement
resulting from an event of default under the corresponding subordinated debt
securities, the holder of such trust's common securities will be deemed to have
waived any right to act with respect to any such Event of Default under the
applicable restated trust agreement until the effect of all such Events of
Default with respect to such preferred securities have been cured, waived or
otherwise eliminated. Until any such Events of Default under the applicable
restated trust agreement with respect to the preferred securities have been so
cured, waived or otherwise eliminated, the property trustee shall act solely on
behalf of the holders of such preferred securities and not on behalf of the
holder of the trust's common securities, and only the holders of such preferred
securities will have the right to direct the property trustee to act on their
behalf. (Section 4.3)
LIQUIDATION DISTRIBUTION UPON DISSOLUTION OF EACH TRUST
Pursuant to each restated trust agreement, each trust shall automatically
dissolve upon expiration of its term and shall dissolve on the first to occur
of:
1. certain events of our bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation;
2. the distribution to the holders of its trust securities of
corresponding subordinated debt securities having an aggregate principal
amount equal to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the trust
securities, if we, as Depositor, have given written direction to the
property trustee to dissolve such trust, which direction is optional and
wholly within our discretion, as Depositor;
3. the redemption of all of the trust's trust securities following a
Special Event;
4. the redemption of all of the trust's preferred securities as
described under "Description of Preferred Securities--Redemption or
Exchange--Mandatory Redemption"; and
5. the entry of an order for the dissolution of the trust by a court
of competent jurisdiction. (Section 9.2)
If an early dissolution occurs as described in clause (1), (2) or (5) above
or upon the date designated for automatic dissolution of the trust, the trust
shall be liquidated by the trustees as expeditiously as the trustees determine
to be possible by distributing, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors
of such trust as provided by applicable law, to the holders of such trust
securities corresponding subordinated debt securities having an aggregate
principal amount equal to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the trust
securities. However, if such distribution is determined by the property trustee,
in consultation with us, not to be practical, such holders will be entitled to
receive out of the assets of the trust available for distribution to holders,
after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors of the trust as provided by
applicable law, an amount equal to, in the case
44
of holders of preferred securities, the aggregate of the liquidation amount plus
accumulated and unpaid distributions thereon to the date of payment. If such
Liquidation Distribution can be paid only in part because such trust has
insufficient assets available to pay in full the aggregate Liquidation
Distribution, then the amounts payable directly by such trust on its preferred
securities shall be paid on a pro rata basis. Holders of such trust's common
securities will be entitled to receive distributions upon any such liquidation
pro rata with the holders of its preferred securities, except that if an event
of default under the corresponding subordinated debt securities has occurred and
is continuing, the preferred securities shall have a priority over the common
securities. (Section 9.4)
EVENTS OF DEFAULT; NOTICE
Any one of the following events constitutes an "Event of Default" under
each restated trust agreement with respect to the applicable preferred
securities, whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall
be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to
any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of
any administrative or governmental body:
(1) the occurrence of an event of default in respect of the
corresponding subordinated debt securities (see "Description of Debt
Securities--Events of Default"); or
(2) default by the property trustee in the payment of any
distribution when it becomes due and payable, and continuation of such
default for a period of 30 days; or
(3) default by the property trustee in the payment of any redemption
price of any trust security when it becomes due and payable; or
(4) default in the performance, or breach, in any material respect,
of any covenant or warranty of the trustees in such restated trust
agreement, other than a covenant or warranty a default in the performance
of which or the breach of which is dealt with in clause (2) or (3) above,
and continuation of such default or breach for a period of 60 days after
there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the defaulting
trustee or trustees by the holders of at least 25% in aggregate liquidation
preference of the outstanding preferred securities of the applicable trust,
a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be
remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" under such
restated trust agreement; or
(5) the occurrence of certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency with
respect to the property trustee and the failure by the holder of the common
securities of the applicable trust to appoint a successor property trustee
within 60 days thereof. (Section 1.1)
Within five Business Days after the occurrence of any Event of Default
actually known to the property trustee, the property trustee shall transmit
notice of such Event of Default to the holders of such trust's preferred
securities, the administrative trustees and to us, as Depositor, unless such
Event of Default shall have been cured or waived. We, as Depositor, and the
administrative trustees are required to file annually with the property trustee
a certificate as to whether or not we and the administrative trustees are in
compliance with all the conditions and covenants applicable to us and the
administrative trustees under each restated trust agreement. (Sections 8.15 and
8.16)
If an event of default under the corresponding subordinated debt securities
has occurred and is continuing, the preferred securities shall have a preference
over the common securities upon dissolution of each trust as described above.
See "--Liquidation Distribution Upon Dissolution of a Trust." The existence of
an Event of Default under the restated trust agreement does not entitle the
holders of preferred securities to accelerate the maturity thereof.
REMOVAL OF TRUSTEES
Unless an event of default under the corresponding subordinated debt
securities shall have occurred and be continuing, any trustee may be removed at
any time by the holder of the common securities. If an event of default under
the corresponding subordinated debt securities has occurred and is continuing,
the property
45
trustee and the Delaware trustee may be removed at such time by the holders of a
majority in liquidation amount of the outstanding preferred securities. In no
event will the holders of the preferred securities have the right to vote to
appoint, remove or replace the administrative trustees, which voting rights are
vested exclusively in the holder of the common securities. No resignation or
removal of a trustee and no appointment of a successor trustee shall be
effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee in
accordance with the provisions of the applicable restated trust agreement.
(Section 8.10)
CO-TRUSTEES AND SEPARATE PROPERTY TRUSTEE
Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, at any
time or times, for the purpose of meeting the legal requirements of the Trust
Indenture Act or of any jurisdiction in which any part of the property of any
trust may at the time be located, the holder of the common securities and the
administrative trustees shall have power to appoint one or more persons either
to act as a co-trustee, jointly with the property trustee, of all or any part of
the property of any trust, or to act as separate trustee of any such property,
in either case with such powers as may be provided in the instrument of
appointment, and to vest in such person or persons in such capacity any
property, title, right or power deemed necessary or desirable, subject to the
provisions of the applicable restated trust agreement. In case an event of
default under the corresponding subordinated debt securities has occurred and is
continuing, the property trustee alone shall have power to make such
appointment. (Section 8.9)
MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OF TRUSTEES
Any corporation into which the property trustee, the Delaware trustee or
any administrative trustee that is not a natural person may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such trustee shall be a
party shall be the successor of such trustee under each restated trust
agreement, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible.
(Section 8.12)
MERGERS, CONSOLIDATIONS, AMALGAMATIONS OR REPLACEMENTS OF THE TRUSTS
A trust may not merge with or into, convert into, consolidate, amalgamate,
or be replaced by, or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets
substantially as an entirety to any corporation or other entity, except as
described below or as described in "Liquidation Distribution Upon Dissolution of
a Trust." A trust may, at our request, with the consent of only the
administrative trustees and without the consent of the holders of the preferred
securities, merge with or into, convert into, consolidate, amalgamate, or be
replaced by or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially
as an entirety to a trust organized as such under the laws of any State,
provided, that
-- such successor entity either
(a) expressly assumes all of the obligations of such trust with respect
to the preferred securities or
(b) substitutes for the preferred securities other securities having
substantially the same terms as the preferred securities so long as
such successor securities rank the same as the preferred securities
rank in priority with respect to distributions and payments upon
liquidation, redemption and otherwise,
-- we expressly appoint a trustee of such successor entity possessing
the same powers and duties as the property trustee as the holder of
the corresponding subordinated debt securities,
-- the successor securities are listed or traded, or any successor
securities will be listed upon notification of issuance, on any
national securities exchange or other organization on which the
preferred securities are then listed or traded, if any,
-- such merger, conversion, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement,
conveyance, transfer or lease does not cause the preferred
securities, including any successor securities, to be downgraded by
any nationally recognized statistical rating organization,
46
-- such merger, conversion, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement,
conveyance, transfer or lease does not adversely affect the rights,
preferences and privileges of the holders of the preferred
securities, including any successor securities, in any material
respect,
-- such successor entity has a purpose substantially identical to that
of the trust,
-- prior to such merger, conversion, consolidation, amalgamation,
replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, we have received an
opinion from independent counsel to the trust experienced in such
matters to the effect that
(a) such merger, conversion, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement,
conveyance, transfer or lease does not adversely affect the rights,
preferences and privileges of the holders of the preferred
securities, including any successor securities, in any material
respect, and
(b) following such merger, conversion, consolidation, amalgamation,
replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, neither the trust nor
any successor entity will be required to register as an "investment
company" under the Investment Company Act, and
-- we or any permitted successor or assignee own all of the common
securities of such successor entity and guarantee the obligations of
such successor entity under the successor securities at least to the
extent provided by the preferred securities guarantee.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a trust shall not, except with the consent
of holders of 100% in liquidation amount of the preferred securities,
consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, convert into, or be replaced by or
convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety
to any other entity or permit any other entity to consolidate, amalgamate, merge
with or into, convert into, or replace it if such consolidation, amalgamation,
merger, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease would cause the trust or the
successor entity to be classified as other than a grantor trust for United
States Federal income tax purposes. (Section 9.5)
VOTING AND PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS
Except as provided below and under "Description of Preferred Securities
Guarantees--Amendments and Assignment" and as otherwise required by law and the
applicable restated trust agreement, the holders of the preferred securities
will have no voting rights. Holders of the preferred securities have no
preemptive or similar rights. (Section 6.1)
AMENDMENT OF RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENTS
Each restated trust agreement may be amended from time to time by us and
the trustees, without the consent of the holders of the trust securities:
1. to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provisions in
such restated trust agreement that may be inconsistent with any other
provision, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
questions arising under such restated trust agreement, which shall not be
inconsistent with the other provisions of such restated trust agreement, or
2. to modify, eliminate or add to any provisions of such restated
trust agreement to such extent as shall be necessary to ensure that the
trust will be classified for United States Federal income tax purposes as a
grantor trust at all times that any trust securities are outstanding or to
ensure that the trust will not be required to register as an "investment
company" under the Investment Company Act;
provided, however, that in the case of clause (1), such action shall not
adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any holder of trust
securities. Any such amendments of a restated trust agreement shall become
effective when notice thereof is given to the holders of trust securities of the
applicable trust.
Each restated trust agreement may be amended by us and the trustees with
the consent of holders representing not less than a majority, based upon
liquidation amounts, of the outstanding trust securities, and receipt by the
trustees of an opinion of counsel to the effect that such amendment or the
exercise of any power
47
granted to the trustees in accordance with such amendment will not affect the
trust's status as a grantor trust for United States Federal income tax purposes
or the trust's exemption from status as an "investment company" under the
Investment Company Act. However, without the consent of each holder of trust
securities, such restated trust agreement may not be amended to:
-- change the amount or timing of any distribution on the trust
securities or otherwise adversely affect the amount of any
distribution required to be made in respect of the trust securities
as of a specified date, or
-- restrict the right of a holder of trust securities to institute suit
for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such date.
(Section 10.2)
So long as any corresponding subordinated debt securities are held by the
property trustee, the trustees shall not:
-- direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for
any remedy available to the trustee, or executing any trust or power
conferred on the property trustee with respect to such corresponding
subordinated debt securities,
-- waive any past default that is waivable under Section 5.13 of the
subordinated indentures (as described in "Description of the Debt
Securities--Modification and Waiver"),
-- exercise any right to rescind or annul a declaration that the
principal of all the subordinated debt securities shall be due and
payable, or
-- consent to any amendment, modification or termination of the
subordinated indenture or such corresponding subordinated debt
securities, where such consent shall be required,
without, in each case, obtaining the prior approval of the holders of a majority
in aggregate liquidation amount of all outstanding preferred securities.
However, where a consent under the subordinated indenture would require the
consent of each holder of corresponding subordinated debt securities affected
thereby, no such consent shall be given by the property trustee without the
prior consent of each holder of the corresponding preferred securities. The
trustees shall not revoke any action previously authorized or approved by a vote
of the holders of the preferred securities except by subsequent vote of the
holders of the preferred securities. The property trustee shall notify each
holder of preferred securities of any notice of default with respect to the
corresponding subordinated debt securities. In addition to obtaining the
foregoing approvals of the holders of the preferred securities, prior to taking
any of the foregoing actions, the trustees shall obtain an opinion of counsel
experienced in such matters to the effect that the trust will not be classified
as a corporation for United States Federal income tax purposes on account of
such action. (Section 6.1)
Any required approval or action of holders of preferred securities may be
given or taken at a meeting of holders of preferred securities convened for such
purpose or pursuant to written consent. The property trustee will cause a notice
of any meeting at which holders of preferred securities are entitled to vote to
be given to each holder of record of preferred securities in the manner set
forth in each restated trust agreement. (Sections 6.2, 6.3 and 6.6)
No vote or consent of the holders of preferred securities will be required
for a trust to redeem and cancel its preferred securities in accordance with the
applicable restated trust agreement.
Notwithstanding that holders of preferred securities are entitled to vote
or consent under any of the circumstances described above, any of the preferred
securities that are owned by us, the trustees or any affiliate of ours or any
trustees, shall, for purposes of such vote or consent, be treated as if they
were not outstanding.
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GLOBAL PREFERRED SECURITIES
The preferred securities of a trust may be issued in whole or in part in
the form of one or more global preferred securities that will be deposited with,
or on behalf of, the depositary identified in the prospectus supplement.
The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to the
preferred securities of a trust will be described in the related prospectus
supplement. We anticipate that the following provisions will generally apply to
depositary arrangements.
Upon the issuance of a global preferred security, and the deposit of such
global preferred security with or on behalf of the depositary, the depositary
for such global preferred security or its nominee will credit, on its book-entry
registration and transfer system, the respective aggregate liquidation amounts
of the individual preferred securities represented by such global preferred
securities to the accounts of participants. Such accounts shall be designated by
the underwriters or agents with respect to such preferred securities or by us if
such preferred securities are offered and sold directly by us. Ownership of
beneficial interests in a global preferred security will be limited to
participants or persons that may hold interests through participants. Ownership
of beneficial interests in such global preferred security will be shown on, and
the transfer of that ownership will be effected only through, records maintained
by the depositary or its nominee with respect to interests of participants, and
the records of participants with respect to interests of persons who hold
through participants. The laws of some states require that certain purchasers of
securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such
limits and such laws may impair the ability to transfer beneficial interests in
a global preferred security.
So long as the depositary for a global preferred security, or its nominee,
is the registered owner of such global preferred security, such depositary or
such nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of
the preferred securities represented by such global preferred security for all
purposes under the restated trust agreement governing such preferred securities.
Except as provided below, owners of beneficial interests in a global preferred
security will not be entitled to have any of the individual preferred securities
represented by such global preferred security registered in their names, will
not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of any such preferred
securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders
thereof under the restated trust agreement.
Payments of any liquidation amount, premium or distributions in respect of
individual preferred securities registered in the name of a depositary or its
nominee will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as
the registered owner of the global preferred security representing such
preferred securities. None of W. R. Berkley, the property trustee, any paying
agent, or the securities registrar for such preferred securities will have any
responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or
payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of the global
preferred security representing such preferred securities or for maintaining,
supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership
interests.
We expect that the depositary or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment
in respect of a global preferred security representing any trust's preferred
securities, will credit immediately participants' accounts with payments in
amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interest in the aggregate
liquidation amount of such global preferred security for such preferred
securities as shown on the records of such depositary or its nominee. We also
expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in such
global preferred security held through such participants will be governed by
standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with
securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in
"street name" and will be the responsibility of such participants.
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the
restated trust agreement of each trust will provide that
-- if we advise the trustees in writing that the depositary is no longer
willing or able to act as depositary and we fail to appoint a
qualified successor within 90 days,
49
-- we at our option advise the trustees in writing that we elect to
terminate the book-entry system through the depositary or
-- after the occurrence of an event of default under the corresponding
subordinated debt securities, owners of preferred securities
representing at least a majority of liquidation amount of such
preferred securities advise the property trustee in writing that the
continuation of a book-entry system through the depositary is no
longer in their best interests,
then the global preferred securities will be exchanged for preferred securities
in definitive form in accordance with the instructions of the depositary. It is
expected that such instructions may be based upon directions received by the
depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests
in global preferred securities. Individual preferred securities so issued will
be issued in authorized denominations.
PAYMENT AND PAYING AGENCY
Payments in respect of the preferred securities shall be made to the
depositary, which shall credit the relevant accounts at the depositary on the
applicable distribution dates or, if any trust's preferred securities are not
held by the depositary, such payments shall be made by check mailed to the
address of the holder entitled thereto as such address shall appear on the
register of such trust. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus
supplement, the paying agent shall initially be the property trustee and any
copaying agent chosen by the property trustee and acceptable to us and the
administrative trustees. The paying agent shall be permitted to resign as paying
agent upon 30 days' written notice to us and the property trustee. In the event
the property trustee shall no longer be the paying agent, the administrative
trustees shall appoint a successor, which shall be a bank or trust company
acceptable to the administrative trustees and us, to act as paying agent.
(Section 5.9)
REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER AGENT
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, the
property trustee will act as registrar and transfer agent for the preferred
securities.
Registration of transfers of preferred securities will be effected without
charge by or on behalf of each trust, but upon payment of any tax or other
governmental charges that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or
exchange. The trusts will not be required to register or cause to be registered
the transfer of their preferred securities after such preferred securities have
been called for redemption. (Section 5.4)
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE PROPERTY TRUSTEE
The property trustee, other than during the occurrence of and continuation
of a default by us in performance of any trust-issued subordinated indenture,
undertakes to perform, without negligence, acting in bad faith or willful
misconduct, only those duties specifically set forth in each restated trust
agreement, provided that it must exercise the same degree of care as a prudent
person would exercise in the conduct of his or her own affairs after default
with respect to any trust-issued subordinated indenture. Subject to this
provision, the property trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the
powers vested in it by the applicable restated trust agreement at the request of
any holder of preferred securities unless it is offered indemnity reasonably
satisfactory to the property trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities
that might be incurred thereby. If in performing its duties under the restated
trust agreement, the property trustee is required to decide between alternative
causes of action, construe ambiguous provisions in the applicable restated trust
agreement or is unsure of the application of any provision of the applicable
restated trust agreement, and the matter is not one on which holders of
preferred securities are entitled under such restated trust agreement to vote,
then the property trustee shall take such action as is directed by us. If it is
not so directed, the property trustee shall take such action as it deems
advisable and in the best interests of the holders of the trust securities and
will have no liability except for its own bad faith, negligence or willful
misconduct.
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ADMINISTRATIVE TRUSTEES
The administrative trustees are authorized and directed to conduct the
affairs of and to operate the trusts in such a way that no trust will be deemed
to be an "investment company" required to be registered under the Investment
Company Act or classified as an association taxable as a corporation for United
States Federal income tax purposes and so that the corresponding subordinated
debt securities will be treated as our indebtedness for United States Federal
income tax purposes. In this connection, we and the administrative trustees are
authorized to take any action, not inconsistent with applicable law, the
certificate of trust of each trust or each restated trust agreement, that we and
the administrative trustees determine in our and their discretion to be
necessary or desirable for such purposes, as long as such action does not
materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the related
preferred securities.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEES
Concurrently with the issuance by each trust of its preferred securities,
we will execute and deliver a preferred securities guarantee for the benefit of
the holders from time to time of such preferred securities. The property trustee
will act as indenture trustee under each preferred securities guarantee for the
purposes of compliance with the Trust Indenture Act, and each preferred
securities guarantee will be qualified as an indenture under the Trust Indenture
Act. In this prospectus, we refer to the property trustee acting as indenture
trustee under each preferred securities guarantee as the "guarantee trustee."
Because the following summary of certain provisions of the preferred securities
guarantees is not complete, you should refer to the form of preferred securities
guarantee and the Trust Indenture Act for more complete information regarding
the provisions of each preferred securities guarantee, including the definitions
of some of the terms used below. The form of the preferred securities guarantee
has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part and is incorporated by reference in this summary.
Whenever particular sections or defined terms of a preferred securities
guarantee are referred to, such sections or defined terms are incorporated
herein by reference, and the statement in connection with which such reference
is made is qualified in its entirety by such reference. Reference in this
summary to preferred securities means the trust's preferred securities to which
a preferred securities guarantee relates. The guarantee trustee will hold each
preferred securities guarantee for the benefit of the holders of the related
trust's preferred securities.
GENERAL
We will irrevocably agree to pay in full on a subordinated basis, to the
extent described herein, the Guarantee Payments, as defined below, without
duplication of amounts theretofore paid by or on behalf of the trust, to the
holders of the preferred securities, as and when due, regardless of any defense,
right of setoff or counterclaim that the trust may have or assert other than the
defense of payment. The following Guarantee Payments with respect to the
preferred securities, to the extent not paid by or on behalf of the related
trust, will be subject to the preferred securities guarantee:
-- any accrued and unpaid distributions required to be paid on such
preferred securities, to the extent that the trust has funds on hand
available for payment at such time,
-- the redemption price, including all accrued and unpaid distributions
to the redemption date, with respect to any preferred securities
called for redemption, to the extent that the trust has funds on hand
available for payment at such time, and
-- upon a voluntary or involuntary dissolution, winding up or
liquidation of the trust, unless the corresponding subordinated debt
securities are distributed to holders of such preferred securities,
the lesser of
(a) the Liquidation Distribution, to the extent such trust has funds
available for payment at such time and
(b) the amount of assets of such trust remaining available for
distribution to holders of preferred securities.
51
Our obligation to make a Guarantee Payment may be satisfied by direct
payment of the required amounts by us to the holders of the applicable preferred
securities or by causing the trust to pay such amounts to such holders. (Section
5.1)
Each preferred securities guarantee will be an irrevocable guarantee on a
subordinated basis of the related trust's payment obligations under the
preferred securities, but will apply only to the extent that such related trust
has funds sufficient to make such payments. Each preferred securities guarantee
is, to that extent, a guarantee of payment and not a guarantee of collection.
If we do not make interest payments on the corresponding subordinated debt
securities held by a trust, the trust will not be able to pay distributions on
the preferred securities and will not have funds legally available for payment.
Each preferred securities guarantee will rank subordinate and junior in right of
payment to all other Indebtedness of ours, including all debt securities, except
those ranking equally or subordinate by their terms. See "--Status of the
Preferred Securities Guarantees." Because we are a holding company, our rights
and the rights of our stockholders and creditors, including the holders of
preferred securities who are creditors of ours by virtue of the preferred
securities guarantee, to participate in any distribution of assets of any
subsidiary upon such subsidiary's liquidation or reorganization or otherwise
would be subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary's creditors, except to
the extent that we may ourselves be a creditor with recognized claims against
the subsidiary. The right of creditors of ours, including the holders of
preferred securities who are creditors of ours by virtue of the preferred
securities guarantee, to participate in the distribution of stock owned by us in
certain of our subsidiaries, including our insurance subsidiaries, may also be
subject to approval by certain insurance regulatory authorities having
jurisdiction over such subsidiaries. Except as otherwise provided in the
applicable prospectus supplement, the preferred securities guarantees do not
limit our ability to incur or issue other secured or unsecured debt, whether
under an indenture or otherwise.
Our obligations described herein and in any accompanying prospectus
supplement, through the applicable preferred securities guarantee, the
applicable restated trust agreement, the subordinated indenture and any
supplemental indentures thereto and the expense agreement described below, taken
together, constitute a full, irrevocable and unconditional guarantee by us of
payments due on the preferred securities. No single document standing alone or
operating in conjunction with fewer than all of the other documents constitutes
such guarantee. It is only the combined operation of these documents that has
the effect of providing a full, irrevocable and unconditional guarantee of the
trust's obligations under the preferred securities. See "The Trusts,"
"Description of Preferred Securities," and "Description of Debt Securities."
STATUS OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEES
Each preferred securities guarantee will constitute an unsecured obligation
of ours and will rank subordinate and junior in right of payment to all other
Indebtedness of ours, except those ranking equally or subordinate by their
terms. (Section 6.2)
Each preferred securities guarantee will rank equally with all other
similar preferred securities guarantees issued by us on behalf of holders of
preferred securities of any trust, partnership or other entity affiliated with
us which is a financing vehicle of ours. (Section 6.3). Each preferred
securities guarantee will constitute a guarantee of payment and not of
collection. This means that the guaranteed party may institute a legal
proceeding directly against us to enforce its rights under the preferred
securities guarantee without first instituting a legal proceeding against any
other person or entity (Section 5.4). Each preferred securities guarantee will
not be discharged except by payment of the Guarantee Payments in full to the
extent not paid by the trust or upon distribution to the holders of the
preferred securities of the corresponding subordinated debt securities. None of
the preferred securities guarantees places a limitation on the amount of
additional Indebtedness that may be incurred by us. We expect from time to time
to incur additional Indebtedness that will rank senior to the preferred
securities guarantees.
PAYMENT OF ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS
We will make all Guarantee Payments pursuant to the preferred securities
guarantee without withholding or deduction at source for, or on account of, any
present or future taxes, fees, duties, assessments or
52
governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of a
taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or
therein, unless such taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges
are required to be withheld or deducted by
-- the laws, or any regulations or rulings promulgated thereunder, of a
taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision or taxing authority
thereof or therein or
-- an official position regarding the application, administration,
interpretation or enforcement of any such laws, regulations or
rulings, including, without limitation, a holding by a court of
competent jurisdiction or by a taxing authority in a taxing
jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof.
If a withholding or deduction at source is required, we will, subject to certain
limitations and exceptions described below, pay to the holders of the related
preferred securities such additional amounts as may be necessary so that every
Guarantee Payment pursuant to the preferred securities guarantee made to such
holder, after such withholding or deduction, will not be less than the amount
provided for in such preferred securities guarantee to be then due and payable.
We will not be required to pay any additional amounts for or on account of:
1. any tax, fee, duty, assessment or governmental charge of whatever
nature which would not have been imposed but for the fact that such holder
(a) was a resident, domiciliary or national of, or engaged in
business or maintained a permanent establishment or was physically present
in, the relevant taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof
or otherwise had some connection with the relevant taxing jurisdiction
other than by reason of the mere ownership of preferred securities, or
receipt of payment under such preferred securities guarantee,
(b) presented such preferred security for payment in the relevant
taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof, unless such
preferred security could not have been presented for payment elsewhere, or
(c) presented such preferred security for payment more than 30 days
after the date on which the payment in respect of such preferred security
became due and payable or provided for, whichever is later, except to the
extent that the holder would have been entitled to such additional amounts
if it had presented such preferred security for payment on any day within
that 30-day period;
2. any estate, inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, personal property or
similar tax, assessment or other governmental charge;
3. any tax, assessment or other governmental charge that is imposed or
withheld by reason of the failure by the holder or the beneficial owner of such
preferred security to comply with any reasonable request by us or the trust
addressed to the holder within 90 days of such request
(a) to provide information concerning the nationality, residence or
identity of the holder or such beneficial owner or
(b) to make any declaration or other similar claim or satisfy any
information or reporting requirement, which is required or imposed by
statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of the relevant
taxing jurisdiction or any political subdivision thereof as a precondition
to exemption from all or part of such tax, assessment or other governmental
charge; or
4. any combination of items (1), (2) and (3).
In addition, we will not pay any additional amounts with respect to the
preferred securities guarantee to any holder who is a fiduciary or partnership
or other than the sole beneficial owner of such preferred security to the extent
such payment would be required by the laws of the relevant taxing jurisdiction,
or any political subdivision or relevant taxing authority thereof or therein, to
be included in the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or partner or
settlor with respect to such fiduciary or a member of such partnership or a
beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such additional amounts had
it been the holder of the preferred securities.
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AMENDMENTS AND ASSIGNMENT
Except with respect to any changes which do not materially adversely affect
the rights of holders of the related preferred securities, in which case no vote
will be required, no preferred securities guarantee may be amended without the
prior approval of the holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate
liquidation amount of such outstanding preferred securities. (Section 8.2). All
guarantees and agreements contained in each preferred securities guarantee shall
bind our successors, assigns, receivers, trustees and representatives and shall
inure to the benefit of the holders of the related preferred securities then
outstanding. (Section 8.1)
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
An event of default under each preferred securities guarantee will occur
upon the failure of ours to perform any of our payment or other obligations
thereunder. The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate liquidation
amount of the related preferred securities have the right to direct the time,
method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
guarantee trustee in respect of such preferred securities guarantee or to direct
the exercise of any trust or power conferred upon the guarantee trustee under
such preferred securities guarantee. (Section 5.4)
If the guarantee trustee fails to enforce a preferred securities guarantee,
any holder of the preferred securities may institute a legal proceeding directly
against us to enforce its rights under such preferred securities guarantee
without first instituting a legal proceeding against the trust, the guarantee
trustee or any other person or entity. (Section 5.4)
We, as guarantor, are required to file annually with the guarantee trustee
a certificate as to whether or not we are in compliance with all the conditions
and covenants applicable to us under the preferred securities guarantee.
(Section 2.4)
INFORMATION CONCERNING THE GUARANTEE TRUSTEE
The guarantee trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of
a default by us in performance of any preferred securities guarantee, undertakes
to perform only such duties as are specifically set forth in each preferred
securities guarantee and, after default with respect to any preferred securities
guarantee, must exercise the same degree of care and skill as a prudent person
would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. (Section 3.1).
Subject to this provision, the guarantee trustee is under no obligation to
exercise any of the powers vested in it by any preferred securities guarantee at
the request of any holder of any preferred securities unless it is offered
reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses, and liabilities that might be
incurred thereby. (Section 3.2)
TERMINATION OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEES
Each preferred securities guarantee will terminate and be of no further
force and effect upon
-- full payment of the redemption price of the related preferred
securities,
-- the distribution of the corresponding subordinated debt securities to
the holders of the related preferred securities or
-- upon full payment of the amounts payable upon liquidation of the
related trust.
Each preferred securities guarantee will continue to be effective or will be
reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any holder of the related
preferred securities must restore payment of any sums paid with respect to such
preferred securities or such preferred securities guarantee. (Section 7.1)
NEW YORK LAW TO GOVERN
Each preferred securities guarantee will be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made
and performed wholly in that state. (Section 8.5)
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EXPENSE AGREEMENT
Pursuant to the expense agreement entered into by us under the restated
trust agreement, we will irrevocably and unconditionally guarantee to each
person or entity to whom a trust becomes indebted or liable, the full payment of
any costs, expenses or liabilities of the trust, other than obligations of the
trust to pay to the holders of the preferred securities or other similar
interests in the trust of the amounts due such holders pursuant to the terms of
the preferred securities or such other similar interests, as the case may be.
DESCRIPTION OF STOCK PURCHASE CONTRACTS
AND STOCK PURCHASE UNITS
We may issue stock purchase contracts, representing contracts obligating
holders to purchase from us, and obligating us to sell to the holders, a
specified number of shares of common stock or preferred stock at a future date
or dates. The price per share may be fixed at the time the stock purchase
contracts are issued or may be determined by reference to a specific formula set
forth in the stock purchase contracts. The stock purchase contracts may be
issued separately or as a part of stock purchase units consisting of a stock
purchase contract and, as security for the holder's obligations to purchase the
shares under the stock purchase contracts, either
-- senior debt securities or our subordinated debt securities,
-- debt obligations of third parties, including U.S. Treasury
securities, or
-- preferred securities of a trust.
The stock purchase contracts may require us to make periodic payments to the
holders of the stock purchase units or vice versa, and such payments may be
unsecured or prefunded on some basis. The stock purchase contracts may require
holders to secure their obligations in a specified manner and in certain
circumstances we may deliver newly issued prepaid stock purchase contracts upon
release to a holder of any collateral securing such holder's obligations under
the original stock purchase contract.
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any stock
purchase contracts or stock purchase units and, if applicable, prepaid stock
purchase contracts. The description in the prospectus supplement will not
purport to be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to
-- the stock purchase contracts,
-- the collateral arrangements and depositary arrangements, if
applicable, relating to such stock purchase contracts or stock
purchase units and
-- if applicable, the prepaid stock purchase contracts and the document
pursuant to which such prepaid stock purchase contracts will be
issued.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We and/or any trust may sell offered securities in any one or more of the
following ways from time to time:
-- through agents;
-- to or through underwriters;
-- through dealers; or
-- directly to purchasers.
The prospectus supplement with respect to the offered securities will set forth
the terms of the offering of the offered securities, including the name or names
of any underwriters, dealers or agents; the purchase price of the offered
securities and the proceeds to us and/or a trust from such sale; any
underwriting discounts and commissions or agency fees and other items
constituting underwriters' or agents' compensation; any initial
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public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or
paid to dealers and any securities exchange on which such offered securities may
be listed. Any initial public offering price, discounts or concessions allowed
or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
The distribution of the offered securities may be effected from time to
time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be
changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to
such prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices.
Offers to purchase offered securities may be solicited by agents designated
by us from time to time. Any such agent involved in the offer or sale of the
offered securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered will be
named, and any commissions payable by us and/or the applicable trust to such
agent will be set forth, in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless
otherwise indicated in such prospectus supplement, any such agent will be acting
on a reasonable best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. Any such
agent may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the
Securities Act, of the offered securities so offered and sold.
If offered securities are sold by means of an underwritten offering, we
and/or the applicable trust will execute an underwriting agreement with an
underwriter or underwriters, and the names of the specific managing underwriter
or underwriters, as well as any other underwriters, and the terms of the
transaction, including commissions, discounts and any other compensation of the
underwriters and dealers, if any, will be set forth in the prospectus supplement
which will be used by the underwriters to make resales of the offered
securities. If underwriters are utilized in the sale of the offered securities,
the offered securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own
account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions,
including negotiated transactions, at fixed public offering prices or at varying
prices determined by the underwriters at the time of sale. Our offered
securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates
represented by managing underwriters or directly by the managing underwriters.
If any underwriter or underwriters are utilized in the sale of the offered
securities, unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the
underwriting agreement will provide that the obligations of the underwriters are
subject to certain conditions precedent and that the underwriters with respect
to a sale of offered securities will be obligated to purchase all such offered
securities of a series if any are purchased.
We and/or the applicable trust may grant to the underwriters options to
purchase additional offered securities, to cover over-allotments, if any, at the
public offering price, with additional underwriting discounts or commissions, as
may be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating thereto. If we and/or the
applicable trust grant any over-allotment option, the terms of such
over-allotment option will be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to
such offered securities.
If a dealer is utilized in the sales of offered securities in respect of
which this prospectus is delivered, we and/or the applicable trust will sell
such offered securities to the dealer as principal. The dealer may then resell
such offered securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such
dealer at the time of resale. Any such dealer may be deemed to be an
underwriter, as such term is defined in the Securities Act, of the offered
securities so offered and sold. The name of the dealer and the terms of the
transaction will be set forth in the related prospectus supplement.
Offers to purchase offered securities may be solicited directly by us
and/or the applicable trust and the sale thereof may be made by us and/or the
applicable trust directly to institutional investors or others, who may be
deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect
to any resale thereof. The terms of any such sales will be described in the
related prospectus supplement.
Offered securities may also be offered and sold, if so indicated in the
applicable prospectus supplement, in connection with a remarketing upon their
purchase, in accordance with a redemption or repayment pursuant to their terms,
or otherwise, by one or more firms, acting as principals for their own accounts
or as agents for us and/or the applicable trust. Any such remarketing firm will
be identified and the terms of its agreements, if any, with us and/or the
applicable trust and its compensation will be described in the applicable
prospectus supplement. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters, as
such term is defined in the Securities Act, in connection with the offered
securities remarketed thereby.
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Agents, underwriters, dealers and remarketing firms may be entitled under
relevant agreements entered into with us and/or the applicable trust to
indemnification by us and/or the applicable trust against certain civil
liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act that may arise from
any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or any
omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in this prospectus, any
supplement or amendment hereto, or in the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part, or to contribution with respect to payments which the
agents, underwriters or dealers may be required to make.
If so indicated in the prospectus supplement, we and/or the applicable
trust will authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our and/or the
applicable trust's agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase
offered securities from us and/or the applicable trust at the public offering
price, pursuant to contracts providing for payments and delivery on a future
date. Institutions with which such contracts may be made include commercial and
savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies,
educational and charitable institutions and others, but in all cases such
institutions must be approved by us and/or the applicable trust. The obligations
of any purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the condition that
the purchase of the offered securities shall not at the time of delivery be
prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which such purchaser is
subject. The underwriters and such other agents will not have any responsibility
in respect of the validity or performance of such contracts. Disclosure in the
prospectus supplement of our and/or the applicable trust's use of delayed
delivery contracts will include the commission that underwriters and agents
soliciting purchases of the securities under delayed contracts will be entitled
to receive in addition to the date when we will demand payment and delivery of
the securities under the delayed delivery contracts. These delayed delivery
contracts will be subject only to the conditions that we describe in the
prospectus supplement.
Each series of offered securities will be a new issue and, other than the
shares of common stock which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, will
have no established trading market. We and/or the applicable trust may elect to
list any series of offered securities on an exchange, and in the case of common
stock, on any additional exchange, but, unless otherwise specified in the
applicable prospectus supplement, neither we nor the applicable trust shall be
obligated to do so. We cannot predict the liquidity of the trading market for
any of the offered securities.
Underwriters, dealers, agents and remarketing firms, or their affiliates,
may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us
and our subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.
LEGAL OPINIONS
The validity of any securities offered by us in the applicable prospectus
supplement will be passed upon for us by Willkie Farr & Gallagher, New York, New
York. Unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the
validity of the preferred securities offered by the trusts in the applicable
prospectus supplement will be passed upon for the trusts by Prickett, Jones &
Elliott, special Delaware counsel to the trusts. The validity of any securities
offered in the applicable prospectus supplement will be passed upon for any
underwriters or agents by counsel to be named in the applicable prospectus
supplement. As of May 15, 2001, attorneys of Willkie Farr & Gallagher
beneficially own an aggregate of 45,534 shares of our common stock, of which
30,934 are beneficially owned by Robert B. Hodes and 14,600 are beneficially
owned by Jack H. Nusbaum, which amount includes 3,000 shares held in trusts as
to which Mr. Nusbaum is a co-trustee. Mr. Hodes and Mr. Nusbaum are also members
of our board of directors.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedules
incorporated in this prospectus by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2000 have been so incorporated in reliance on
the reports of KPMG LLP, independent accountants, given on the authority of said
firm as experts in accounting and auditing. Any audited financial statements and
schedules that are incorporated or that are deemed to be incorporated by
reference into this prospectus that are the subject of a
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report by independent accountants will be so incorporated by reference in
reliance upon such reports and upon the authority of such firms as experts in
accounting and auditing to the extent covered by consents of these accountants
filed with the Commission.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
W. R. BERKLEY
We have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration
statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act, relating to our common stock and
other securities. This prospectus is a part of such registration statement, but
such registration statement also contains additional information and exhibits.
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act.
Accordingly, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and
other information with the Commission. You can read and copy the registration
statement and any other document that we file with the Commission at the
Commission's public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Room 1024,
Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of such material can also be obtained from the
Public Reference Section of the Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington,
D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
Our filings with the Commission are also available from the Commission's
web site at http://www.sec.gov. Please call the Commission's toll-free telephone
number at 1-800-SEC-0330 if you need further information about the operation of
the Commission's public reference room. Information about us is also available
on our web site at http://www.wrberkley.com. Such information on our web site is
not a part of this prospectus.
THE TRUSTS
There are no separate financial statements of the trusts in this
prospectus. We do not believe the financial statements would be helpful to the
holders of the preferred securities of the trusts because:
-- We, a reporting company under the Exchange Act, will directly or
indirectly own all of the voting securities of the trusts;
-- The trusts have no independent operations or proposals to engage in
any activity other than issuing securities representing undivided
beneficial interests in the assets of the applicable trust and
investing the proceeds in subordinated debt securities issued by us;
and
-- The obligations of the trusts under the preferred securities will be
fully and unconditionally guaranteed by us. See "Description of
Preferred Securities Guarantees."
The trusts are not currently subject to the information reporting
requirements of the Exchange Act. The trusts will become subject to the
requirements upon the effectiveness of the registration statement that contains
this prospectus, although the trusts intend to seek and expect to receive an
exemption from those requirements. If the trusts do not receive such an
exemption, the expenses of operating the trusts would increase, as would the
likelihood that we would exercise our option to dissolve and liquidate the
trusts early.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
The Commission allows us to "incorporate by reference" the information we
file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by
referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an
important part of this prospectus. Any statement contained in a document which
is incorporated by reference in this prospectus is automatically updated and
superseded if information contained in this prospectus, or information that we
later file with the Commission, modifies or replaces this information. All
documents we subsequently file pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of
the
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Exchange Act, prior to the termination of this offering shall be deemed to be
incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the
following documents:
-- Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000;
-- Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
2001;
-- Our Current Reports on Form 8-K, dated December 8, 2000, February 5,
2001, February 6, 2001 (as amended), February 28, 2001, April 4,
2001, April 23, 2001, April 26, 2001 and May 15, 2001;
-- Our Proxy Statement dated April 4, 2001 for our 2001 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders; and
-- The descriptions of our common stock set forth in our registration
statement on Form 8-A/A filed with the Commission on May 1, 2001 and
of our rights to purchase Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with
the Commission on May 11, 1999, as amended on May 1, 2001, including
any further amendments or reports for the purposes of updating such
descriptions.
To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in
this prospectus, other than any exhibits, unless the exhibits are specifically
incorporated by reference into this prospectus, call or write us at the
following address: W. R. Berkley Corporation, Attn: Ira S. Lederman, Assistant
Secretary, 165 Mason Street, P.O. Box 2518, Greenwich, Connecticut 06836-2518,
(203) 629-3000.
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W. R. Berkley Corporation