<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0202</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2006-04-25</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001144945</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>PENN VIRGINIA RESOURCE PARTNERS L P</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>PVR</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0000077159</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>PENN VIRGINIA CORP</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>100 MATSONFORD ROAD SUITE 300</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>THREE RADNOR CORPORATE CENTER</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>RADNOR</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>PA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>19087</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>1</isOther>
            <otherText>100% owner of general partner</otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Units</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2006-04-25</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>J</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>32</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>30.49</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>7789103</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>Parent company</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Transfer of common units by Penn Virginia Resource GP, LLC, the general partner of the Issuer (the &quot;General Partner&quot;), to certain directors, officers and employees of the General Partner as compensation pursuant to the General Partner's Second Amended and Restated Long Term Incentive Plan.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">Penn Virginia Corporation is the ultimate parent company of Penn Virginia Resource LP Corp. (&quot;LP Corp&quot;), Kanawha Rail Corp (&quot;KRC&quot;) and the General Partner.  A such, Penn Virginia Corporation may be deemed to beneficially own the common units and subordinated units held by LP corp, KRC and the General Partner.  In addition, as the ultimate parent company to the General Partner, Penn Virginia Corporation appoints the directors of the General Partner.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>Nancy Snyder, Vice President</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2006-04-26</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
