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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

9.    Income Taxes

Income taxes are determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate applied against income, and then adjusted for the tax impacts of certain significant and discrete items. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company treated the tax impact of the following as discrete events for which the tax effect was recognized separately from the application of the annual effective tax rate: losses in jurisdictions where no tax benefit is anticipated, adjustments to prior year uncertain tax positions, net shortfalls on share-based payments and return to provision adjustments. The Company’s effective tax rate recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was 19%.

In accordance with the disclosure requirements as described in ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, the Company has classified unrecognized tax benefits as non-current income tax liabilities, or a reduction in deferred tax assets, unless expected to be paid within one year. The Company’s continuing practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company had an increase in gross unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $3.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2020, primarily related to research and development credits and foreign withholding taxes. The Company believes it is reasonably possible that approximately $5.8 million of its remaining unrecognized tax positions may be recognized within the next twelve months due to potential tax settlements and as certain statute of limitations expire, the amount of which is primarily attributable to tax positions involving the valuation of intercompany transactions.

The Company is subject to routine compliance reviews on various tax matters around the world in the ordinary course of business. Currently, the only active audit is with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for 2014 – 2016 tax years. California income tax returns are subject to examination in all years due to prior year net operating losses and research and development credits. Income tax returns of other major state and foreign jurisdictions remain subject to examination from 2015 and 2012 forward, respectively.