Fair Value Disclosures

U.S. GAAP has established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:


Level 1:	Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities.


Level 2:	Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.


Level 3:	Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported with little or no market activity).

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. These valuation methodologies were applied to all of the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities carried at fair value.

In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed models that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments may include amounts to reflect counterparty credit quality and counterparty creditworthiness, among other things, as well as unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments are applied consistently over time. The Company’s valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future values. While management believes the Company’s valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Securities Available for Sale. Securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value utilizing quoted market prices on nationally recognized exchanges (Level 1) or by using Level 2 inputs. For Level 2 securities, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayments speeds, credit information and the security’s terms and conditions, among other things.

Impaired loans. Impaired loans are those which the Company has measured and recognized impairment, generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent third-party appraisals of the collateral or discounted cash flows based on the expected proceeds. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. The fair value consists of the loan balances less specific valuation allowances.

Other Real Estate Owned. Foreclosed properties are adjusted to fair value less estimated selling costs at the time of foreclosure in preparation for transfer from portfolio loans to other real estate owned (“OREO”), thereby establishing a new accounting basis. The Company subsequently adjusts the fair value of the OREO, utilizing Level 3 inputs on a non-recurring basis to reflect partial write-downs based on the observable market price, current appraised value of the asset or other estimates of fair value. The fair value of other real estate owned is determined using appraisals, which may be discounted based on management’s review and changes in market conditions.

The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:



	June 30, 2018
(Dollars in thousands)	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities (“GSE”) and agencies	$	995	$	2,925	$	—	$	3,920
Residential collateralized mortgage obligations - GSE	—		40,809		—		40,809
Residential mortgage backed securities - GSE	—		15,714		—		15,714
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	—		23,867		—		23,867
Trust preferred debt securities - single issuer	—		1,402		—		1,402
Corporate debt securities	18,542		9,352		—		27,894
Other debt securities	—		16,469		—		16,469
Interest rate lock derivative	—		136		—		136
Total	$	19,537	$	110,674	$	—	$	130,211



	December 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities (“GSE”) and agencies	$	—	$	1,967	$	—	$	1,967
Residential collateralized mortgage obligations - GSE	—		27,325		—		27,325
Residential mortgage backed securities - GSE	—		14,288		—		14,288
Obligations of state and political subdivisions	—		19,720		—		19,720
Trust preferred debt securities - single issuer	—		2,349		—		2,349
Corporate debt securities	16,080		11,603		—		27,683
Other debt securities	—		12,126		—		12,126
Interest rate lock derivative	—		135		—		135
Total	$	16,080	$	89,513	$	—	$	105,593

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). Assets and liabilities subject to fair value adjustments (impairment) on a nonrecurring basis for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2017 were as follows:



(Dollars in thousands)	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
June 30, 2018
Impaired loans	$	—	$	—	$	12,226	$	12,226
Other real estate owned	—		—		93		93
December 31, 2017
Impaired loans	$	—	$	—	$	8,313	$	8,313

Impaired loans measured at fair value and included in the above table at June 30, 2018 consisted of 25 loans having an aggregate recorded investment of $12.9 million and specific loan loss allowance of $716,000. Impaired loans measured at fair value and included in the above table at December 31, 2017 consisted of 14 loans having an aggregate balance of $9.0 million with specific loan loss allowance of $684,000.

The following table presents additional qualitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, where there was evidence of impairment, and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:



(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value Estimate		Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)
June 30, 2018
Impaired loans	$	12,226	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	1.7% - 100% (28.2%)
Other real estate owned	$	93	Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	N/A (47.0%)
December 31, 2017
Impaired loans	$	8,313	Appraisal of collateral ⁽¹⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽²⁾	0.5%-100% (28.2%)


⁽¹⁾	Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs that are not identifiable.


⁽²⁾	Includes qualitative adjustments by management and estimated liquidation expenses.

The following is a summary of fair value versus carrying value of all of the Company’s financial instruments. For the Company and the Bank, as with most financial institutions, the bulk of assets and liabilities are considered financial instruments. Many of the financial instruments lack an available trading market as characterized by a willing buyer and willing seller engaging in an exchange transaction. Therefore, significant estimations and present value calculations were used for the purpose of this note. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates.

Estimated fair values have been determined by using the best available data and an estimation methodology suitable for each category of financial instruments as follows:

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Accrued Interest Receivable and Accrued Interest Payable. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable approximate fair value.

Securities Held to Maturity. The fair values of securities held to maturity are determined in the same manner as for securities available for sale.

Loans Held for Sale. The fair values of loans held for sale are determined, when possible, using quoted secondary market prices. If no such quoted market prices exist, fair values are determined using quoted prices for similar loans, adjusted for the specific attributes of the loans.

Gross Loans Receivable. The fair values of loans, excluding impaired loans subject to specific loss reserves, are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses that use market rates as of the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the loans. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal.

SBA Servicing Asset. Servicing assets do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. The Company estimates the fair value of the SBA servicing asset using a discounted cash flow model, which incorporates assumptions based on observable discount rates and prepayment speeds.

Interest Rate Lock Derivatives. Interest rate lock commitments do not trade in active markets with readily observable prices. The fair value of an interest rate lock commitment is estimated based upon the forward sales price that is obtained in the best efforts commitment at the time the borrower locks in the interest rate on the loan and the probability that the locked rate commitment will close.

Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Stock. FHLB stock is carried at cost. The carrying value approximates fair value based upon the redemption price provision of the FHLB stock.

Deposit Liabilities. The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and non-interest demand and savings accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts). Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered in the market on certificates of deposit to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.

Borrowings and Subordinated Debt. The carrying amounts of short-term borrowings approximate their fair values. The fair values of long-term FHLB advances are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on quoted or estimated interest rates for new borrowings with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity. For subordinated debt, which reprices quarterly, the fair value is based on inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for similar debt obligations.

The estimated fair values and carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows:



	June 30, 2018
	Carrying			Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Value			Inputs		Inputs			Inputs		Value
Cash and cash equivalents	$	30,651		$	30,651	$	—		$	—	$	30,651
Securities available for sale	130,075			19,537		110,538			—		130,075
Securities held to maturity	95,322			—		95,670			—		95,670
Loans held for sale	9,291			—		9,854			—		9,854
Loans, net	899,912			—		—			893,340		893,340
SBA servicing asset	791			—		1,016			—		1,016
Interest rate lock derivative	136			—		136			—		136
Accrued interest receivable	3,785			—		3,785			—		3,785
FHLB stock	6,155			—		6,155			—		6,155
Deposits	(956,787		)	—		(954,380		)	—		(954,380		)
Borrowings	(118,225		)	—		(118,225		)	—		(118,225		)
Redeemable subordinated debentures	(18,557		)	—		(12,739		)	—		(12,739		)
Accrued interest payable	(849		)	—		(849		)	—		(849		)



	December 31, 2017
	Carrying			Level 1		Level 2			Level 3		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Value			Inputs		Inputs			Inputs		Value
Cash and cash equivalents	$	18,754		$	18,754	$	—		$	—	$	18,754
Securities available for sale	105,458			16,080		89,378			—		105,458
Securities held to maturity	110,267			—		111,865			—		111,865
Loans held for sale	4,254			—		4,539			—		4,539
Loans, net	781,893			—		—			784,064		784,064
SBA servicing asset	726			—		1,016			—		1,016
Interest rate lock derivative	135			—		135			—		135
Accrued interest receivable	3,478			—		3,478			—		3,478
FHLB stock	1,490			—		1,490			—		1,490
Deposits	(922,006		)	—		(920,732		)	—		(920,732		)
Borrowings	(20,500		)	—		(20,500		)	—		(20,500		)
Redeemable subordinated debentures	(18,557		)	—		(12,326		)	—		(12,326		)
Accrued interest payable	(804		)	—		(804		)	—		(804		)

Loan commitments and standby letters of credit as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were based on fees charged for similar agreements; accordingly, the estimated fair value of loan commitments and standby letters of credit was nominal.