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INCOME TAXES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
INCOME TAXES
 
For the periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company has calculated its effective tax rate based on year-to-date results as opposed to estimating its annual effective tax rate. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 was (27.1)% and 4.0%, respectively, including the impact of discrete items. Excluding discrete items, the Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 was (53.8)% and 3.9%, respectively. The effective tax rates are different than the statutory rates primarily due to the impact from amortization of indefinite-lived intangible assets for tax purposes, the partial non-deductibility of certain per diem expenses, and international and state taxes.

The Company records valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. The assessment of whether or not a valuation allowance is required often requires significant judgment, including the long-range forecast of future taxable income and the evaluation of tax planning initiatives. Adjustments to the deferred tax valuation allowances are made to earnings in the period when such assessments are made. The Company believes it is necessary to see further positive evidence, such as sustained achievement of cumulative profits, before these valuation allowances can be released. If such positive evidence develops, the Company may release all or a portion of the remaining valuation allowances, but at this point in time cannot determine in which period they would reverse. The Company will continue to assess the realizability of its deferred tax assets.

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had approximately $1.0 million of unrecognized tax benefits included in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities ($5.2 million, net of deferred taxes, which would affect the effective tax rate if recognized). During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company had gross increases of $0.3 million to its current year unrecognized tax benefits related to federal and state tax issues.

The tax years of 2004, 2005, 2008, and 2010 through 2016 remain open to examination by certain taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject to tax, other than certain states in which the statute of limitations has been extended.