-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, TZt567jElTxSg7MLC5I35MGPjBxTIIeQhMJ1bZGwpj2MylAxj94sTf5+ct9aTbQG RjRABM2HkoJKBqf7lrNkCQ== 0001193125-08-081379.txt : 20080415 0001193125-08-081379.hdr.sgml : 20080415 20080415094021 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-08-081379 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10KSB PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 4 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080415 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080415 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: TURBINE TRUCK ENGINES INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001138978 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: ENGINES & TURBINES [3510] IRS NUMBER: 000000000 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10KSB SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-109118 FILM NUMBER: 08756009 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1200 FLIGHTLINE BLVD SUITE 5 CITY: DELAND STATE: FL ZIP: 32724 BUSINESS PHONE: 904-943-8358 10KSB 1 d10ksb.htm FORM 10-KSB Form 10-KSB
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-KSB

 

 

 

x ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the transition period from                 , 20    , to                 , 20    .

Commission File Number

333-109118

 

 

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   59-3691650

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

1301 International Speedway Boulevard, Deland, Florida 32724

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(386) 943-8358

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

$.001 par value preferred stock Over the Counter Bulletin Board
$.001 par value common stock Over the Counter Bulletin Board

 

 

Check whether the issuer is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  ¨

Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    x  YES    ¨  NO

Check if no disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-B is contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy of information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any amendment to this Form 10-KSB  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ¨  YES    x  NO

State issuer’s revenues for its most recent reporting period December 31, 2007…$0

Aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant at December 31, 2007 was $3,216,795.

There were 17,349,346 shares of the Registrant’s $.001 par value common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2007.

Transitional Small Business Format (check one)    Yes  ¨    NO  x

 

 

 


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TURBINE TRUCK ENGINES, INC.

FORM 10-KSB—INDEX

 

     
Part I       3
Item 1.    Description of Business    3
Item 2.    Description of Property    7
Item 3.    Legal Proceedings    7
Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    7
Part II       7
Item 5.    Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters    7
Item 6.    Plan of Operation    9
Item 7.    Financial Statements    14
Item 8.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    40
Item 8A.    Controls and Procedures    40
Item 8B    Other information    41
Part III       41
Item 9.    Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant    41
Item 10.    Executive Compensation    42
Item 11.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters    44
Item 12.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions    44
Item 13.    Exhibits    44
Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services    45
   Signatures    45
   Certifications   

 

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TURBINE TRUCK ENGINES, INC.

This Annual Report on Form 10-KSB and the documents incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements that have been made pursuant to the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about Turbine Truck Engines Inc.’s industry, management beliefs, and assumptions made by management. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” ”believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict; therefore, actual results and outcomes may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements.

PART I

 

ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

We are a Delaware corporation, incorporated on November 27, 2000. Our authorized capital stock consists of 99,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 each and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.001 each. The rights and preferences of the preferred shares will be designated by the Board of Directors.

On December 15, 2000, we acquired the option rights to the Alpha License and marketing survey data from our founder and principal, Michael Rouse, in exchange for 10,000,000 shares of our common stock and his promotional services and out-of-pocket expenses over the past 18 months in acquiring the option from Alpha. We reserved 10,000,000 shares of our restricted common stock for Alpha to acquire the license. In July 2002, Alpha modified the agreement to allow us to acquire the license agreement in advance of completing our registration statement and accepted a note as payment for the licensing fee and for the issuance of 5,000,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the original 10,000,000 shares. We exercised our option and acquired the licensing rights on July 22, 2002 with a $250,000 promissory note payable to Alpha and the stock on July 22, 2002. During 2005, the Company satisfied the $250,000 debt through the issuance of 125,000 shares of registered common stock valued at $2.00 per share. Michael Rouse, our CEO, and Alpha each returned 5,000,000 shares, which the Company retired. Alpha held the core rights to the licensed technology which was licensed to us. The novel patents are registered in the name of Robert L. Scragg, the majority shareholder of Alpha.

We utilized a Regulation D, Rule 506 offering to raise capital and we intended to raise $2 million in capital from an SB-2 registration followed by a private placement for a minimum of $10 million to meet the terms and conditions of the Alpha License option agreement. There is no assurance that we will be able to raise $10 million in the future. Failure to raise these funds would adversely affect us by causing delays in developing an engineered prototype which is necessary to secure a manufacturing partner for our engine. Alpha designs, constructs and tests prototypes derived from their core technology and license the technology to companies that have potential ability to commercialize the different applications. To date, Alpha has not licensed its technology to any company other than us, and there are no products on the market utilizing the Alpha technology.

Our major asset is the ownership of an exclusive License from Alpha for manufacturing and marketing heavy duty highway truck engines utilizing Alpha’s “Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine” (“DCGT”) technology embodied in U.S. Patent No. 6,000,214 and other proprietary technology and rights owned by Alpha including Marketing Survey Data in the highway trucking industry. Detonation refers to an instant burning of a fuel-air mixture producing an explosion. Cycle refers to the explosion happening in one chamber and then in another chamber, repeating over and over again. Gas is the fuel which is in a gaseous state. Turbine is a rotating wheel or disk connected to a shaft spinning in one direction. This combined process along with the EIC process creates the high efficiency, low emission engine that we intend to bring to market.

 

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On September 29, 2006 the Company and Alpha Engines Corporation settled the $416,667 of accrued royalty fees to that date for a total of 100,000 shares of restricted common stock with registration rights. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has accrued an additional $312,500 in royalty fees.

On October 24, 2006, the Company entered into three separate consulting agreements which are intended to provide the Company with strategic financial and corporate development services. As consideration for entering into the consulting agreements, the Company has granted each consultant options to acquire up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $.50 per share based upon each respective consultant meeting specific milestones set forth in the consulting agreements. These options must be exercised by October 26, 2008. During 2007, 300,000 and 100,000 of these options were earned and forfeited, respectively, and the Company recognized $155,188 in consulting expense. As of December 31, 2007, 800,000 of these options are unearned or nonvested. During 2006, 300,000 of these options were earned, and the Company recognized $155,188 in consulting expense.

On June 2, 2006, the Company and Dutchess Private Equities Fund, L.P. entered into an agreement (“the Agreement”), whereby the Company will, pursuant to terms and conditions of the Agreement, have access to a $10 million line of credit. As part of the Agreement, the Company is obligated to register additional shares of its common stock in order to have an adequate number of shares for issuance pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement entered into as part of the Agreement. No funds have been drawn under this agreement, and none are anticipated. The Company has had no contact with Dutchess regarding this Agreement since mid 2006 and it is the Company’s position that the Agreement is no longer in force and effect, although no legal determination has been made to that effect.

Our Product

Our product will be a new energy-efficient, Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine (“DCGT”) for heavy-duty highway trucks. To date, we have no marketable product and will rely on Alpha to continue the development and testing of a 540 horsepower prototype that will conform to our licensed application. Since our inception, we have continued to raise capital to bring this patented technology closer to where it can be utilized in a common market. The application demanding the most change is the highway trucking market.

Alpha has completed the design and prototype of a 540 hp engine for use in highway trucks. Therefore compliance with state and federal regulators will not be a factor until we have an engineered prototype in a test vehicle. The prototype phase of development is anticipated to continue for approximately three years from the completion of the funding of a public offering. Alpha completed all research and development in 1997, which resulted in a patent being issued in 1999. Alpha has completed the design for the truck engine. We need to complete the prototype and test an engine that meets our needs using the existing proven technology; however, this takes a considerable amount of money.

Alpha will continue to develop and test a 540 horsepower DCGT highway truck engine prototype at their facilities at Deland Industrial Center, 1601 Old Daytona Street, Deland, Florida 32724. All machine work is contracted out by Alpha while all component parts are purchased off the shelf or fabricated by Alpha at their facilities. Our company will be involved in this process only to the extent that we will receive ongoing status reports of Alphas’ progress. We will not participate in the design, construction and testing of the engine. Alpha may use independent contractors as it deems necessary to complete these functions. We are completely dependent on Alpha to complete this process (see “Risk Factors”.)

The patent is a novel patent with a 20-year life from the filing date of December 16, 1997. The patent was based on research and development beginning in 1984, which included the design, construction, and testing of four working prototypes. The patent attorneys were Schoemaker & Mattare Ltd. The inventor will file additional patents to protect any new developments in the engine technology. We will have access to any new patent filings on the highway truck engines as provided for in our licensing agreement.

 

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This patent is impossible to describe in layman terms as to how it works; however, its simplicity makes it very unique. A detonation cycle gas turbine engine includes a turbine rotor contained in a housing. The exhaust ports of respective valveless combustion chambers are located on opposite sides of the rotor directing combustion gases toward the turbine. The chambers are connected by a valveless manifold fed with fuel and oxidizer. When combustible gases are detonated by an igniter in one of the combustion chambers, the back pressure from the detonation shuts off the fuel and oxidizer flow to that chamber and redirects the fuel and oxidizer to the opposite chamber, where detonation occurs. The process repeats cyclically. Power is taken off the rotor shaft mechanically or electrically.

The invention utilizes a water wheel as the turbine wheel which has blades that are positively displaced through a blade race by the rapid expansion of gases exiting from combustion chambers via nozzles, rather than pistons or gas turbines.

Our engine has a blower, rather than a compressor, to supply less air per horsepower hour than required by existing gas turbines or piston engines, thereby producing less exhaust gases per horsepower hour.

The blower supplies low pressure air via a single manifold to two combustion chambers simultaneously thereby requiring less work to complete a detonation cycle, resulting in higher thermo mechanical efficiencies than gas turbines or piston engines.

The engine manifolds, combustion chambers, and ignition system has the capability of cyclically detonating fuel-air mixtures without using valves. The engine uses a fuel pump and vaporizers to gasify wet fuels prior to mixing with combustion air in the manifolds to produce complete combustion of all fuel-air mixtures in the detonation process. The engine uses a plasma arc ignition, a visibly constant illuminating plasma flame between two electrodes to detonate fuel-air mixtures and does not require critical ignition timing.

Low pressure air and fuel mixtures are detonated instantaneously–in less than one millisecond–producing high velocity shock waves that kinetically compress inert gases resulting in higher working pressures than the pressures produced in constant pressure heating utilized in gas turbine engines, and Otto and Diesel cycle piston engines.

The detonation cycle engine uses less working fluid and produces less exhaust gas per horsepower hour than Brayton cycle turbines and Otto or Diesel cycle piston engines.

Alpha has developed four working prototypes as described below:

 

  1. First engine was developed in 1987. The engine consisted of one 8-inch diameter, 26-pound turbine wheel, driven by two horizontally opposed combustion chambers. The engine produced 78 horsepower at 12,500 rpm.

 

  2. This engine was developed in 1989. The engine consisted of two 5-inch diameter, 11-pound turbine wheels mounted on a single shaft, driven by four horizontally opposed combustion chambers. The engine produced 130 horsepower at 14,000 rpm.

 

  3. This engine was developed in 1991. The engine consisted of two 7-inch diameter, 19.6 pound turbine wheels mounted on a single shaft, driven by four horizontally opposed combustion chambers. The engine produced 256 horsepower at 8,300 rpm.

 

  4. This engine was developed in 1997. The engine consists of four 6-inch diameter, 12 pound turbine wheels mounted on a single shaft, driven by eight horizontally opposed combustion chambers. The engine produces 130 horsepower at 8,400 rpm. This engine is currently used for demonstration and can be seen by appointment.

 

  5.

With current data derived from testing previous prototypes, Alpha has designed a 540 horsepower engine that can power a highway truck. Preliminary design concepts

 

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estimate the engine will have six 15-inch diameter, 20-pound turbine wheels mounted on a single shaft, driven by 12 horizontally opposed combustion chambers producing 540 horsepower at 3,000 rpm.

The DCGT includes an Electromagnetic Isothermal Combustion (“EIC”) process that powers the engine. The EIC process produces complete combustion of fuel-oxidizer mixtures in cyclic detonations that negate unwanted nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide emissions. The high pressure gases produced by the detonations drive a unique turbine producing shaft horsepower.

The EIC process enables the DCGT to operate with blower air at low static pressure, negating the necessity of compressing and preheating fuel-oxidizer mixtures prior to combustion. By eliminating the compression of fuel-oxidizer mixtures, the DCGT achieves higher thermal efficiencies in a simplified mechanical structure. The DCGT has the following proprietary and competitive advantages over current diesel, gasoline and gas turbine engines:

 

   

Air cooled—less than 2 pounds per horsepower

 

   

Fewer moving parts—less maintenance

 

   

Flex-fuel and mixed fuels capability

 

   

Operates on all hydrocarbon fuels, hydrogen and syn fuels

 

   

Cold start capability with any fuels

 

   

Burns 30% less fuel “Greenhouse exhaust gases”

 

   

Less nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide exhaust emissions

 

   

Less hydrocarbon exhaust emissions

 

   

No lube oil, filters or pumps

Alpha has completed basic research, exploratory development, and advanced development with the design, construction and testing of four experimental prototype engines.

Our new energy efficient detonation cycle gas turbine can be designed and manufactured as a new or replacement engine for all heavy duty trucks that utilize engines ranging from 300 to 1,000 horsepower.

We intend to target 18 wheel class 8 vehicles commonly used for transporting goods throughout the United States for distribution of our engine. We will not require governmental approval until such time as the engine is placed in vehicles for use. Our engine will meet the new more stringent tailpipe emission requirements set forth by the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”).

Research and development of our engine was completed in 1998 with patents obtained in 1999. Through testing, we hope to be able to comply with existing and future environmental laws. We intend to supply our fuel efficient, lower emission engine to a marketplace that must comply with more stringent governmental regulations. In each of the last two (2) fiscal years, the Company has spent $255,060 (2006) and $291,395 (2007) on research and development

We acquired our license from Alpha on July 22, 2002. The material terms of the license agreement, as amended, are as follows:

 

  1. $250,000 licensing note payable August 23, 2005 or agreement is terminated

 

  2. Eight percent (8%) of net sales royalty payment after manufacturing and sales commence

 

  3. $250,000 minimum royalty payment each year after licensing note is settled

 

  4. Additional contract fees will be paid to Alpha for design and engineering services.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company issued 125,000 shares of common stock in satisfaction of the $250,000 note payable to Alpha and the accrual of minimum royalty fees began. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has accrued $312,500 of royalty fees related to this agreement. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company paid $416,667 of royalty fees through the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock.

 

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Other than being the licensor and a principal shareholder, we have no affiliation with Alpha.

During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company has spent $291,395 and $255,060 in research and development costs.

EMPLOYEES

We presently have two full time employees. Staffing levels will be determined as we progress and grow. We also plan to add several employees to our staff. The level of employees is primarily contingent on the level of success of an offering. Our board of directors will determine the compensation of all new employees based upon job description.

 

ITEM 2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY

We occupy office space located at 917 Biscayne Blvd, Suite 6, DeLand, Florida 32724. The facilities are leased month to month and the rent payment for these facilities is approximately $2,300.

The Company also leases space with Air Papa Bravo for an airplane hanger to house the development of the prototype. The lease agreement is for a two year period with an option to extend the lease for a second two year term. The base rent is $2,000 per month and the lease agreement contains an option to purchase the facility for $310,000 at the expiration of the lease.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

As of the date of this Report, neither we nor any of our officers or directors is involved in any litigation either as plaintiffs or defendants. As of this date, there is not any threatened or pending litigation against us or any of our officers or directors.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company did not submit any matters to a vote of its security holders.

PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET PRICE OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Since the August 2004 closing of the Company's initial public offering, the Company's Common Stock has traded in the over-the-counter market on the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. OTC Bulletin Board System ("OTCBB"). under the symbol "TTEG." The following table sets forth the range of high and low closing bid quotations of the Common Stock as reported by the OTCBB for each fiscal quarter for the past two fiscal years. High and low bid quotations reflect inter-dealer prices without adjustment for retail mark-ups, markdowns or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

 

     Bid Prices
     High    Low

FISCAL 2007

     

First Quarter (January 1, 2007 through March 31, 2007)

   $ 0.91    $ 0.49

Second Quarter (April 1, 2007 through June 30, 2007)

   $ 0.70    $ 0.39

Third Quarter (July 1, 2007 through September 30, 2007)

   $ 0.99    $ 0.37

Fourth Quarter (October 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007)

   $ 1.50    $ 0.40

FISCAL 2006

     

First Quarter (January 1, 2006 through March 31, 2006)

   $ 3.00    $ 1.95

Second Quarter (April 1, 2006 through June 30, 2006)

   $ 2.20    $ 0.85

Third Quarter (July 1, 2006 through September 30, 2006)

   $ 1.45    $ 0.60

Fourth Quarter (October 1, 2006 through December 31, 2006)

   $ 0.80    $ 0.30

 

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On March 10, 2008 the closing bid price of the Company's Common Stock as reported by the OTCBB was $0.20 and there were approximately 179 shareholders of record.

DIVIDENDS

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common or preferred stock and do not anticipate paying any such cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Earnings, if any, will be retained to finance future growth. We may issue shares of our common stock and preferred stock in private or public offerings to obtain financing, capital or to acquire other businesses that can improve our performance and growth. Issuance and or sales of substantial amounts of common stock could adversely affect prevailing market prices in our common stock.

As of December 31, 2007 there were approximately 173 beneficial owners of our common stock with 17,349,346 shares issued and outstanding.

During the year ended December 31, 2007, there was no modification of any instruments defining the rights of holders of the Company's common stock and no limitation or qualification of the rights evidenced by the Company's common stock as a result of the issuance of any other class of securities or the modification thereof.

During October 2007, the Company issued 6,000 shares of common stock to a qualified investor for services valued at $0.25 per share for a total of $1,500.

During October 2007, the Company issued 2,700 shares of common stock to a qualified investor for services valued at $.56 per share for a total of $1,500.

During October 2007, the Company issued 55,000 shares of common stock to qualified investors for $0.50 per share for a total of $27,500.

During October 2007, the Company issued 1,905 shares of common stock to a qualified investor for $0.53 per share for a total of $1,000.

During November 2007, the Company issued 25,000 shares of common stock to a qualified investor for $0.68 per share for a total of $16,875.

During November 2007, the Company issued 125,291 shares of common stock to qualified investors for $0.28 per share for a total of $35,081.

During November 2007, the Company issued 1,563 shares of common stock to a qualified investor for $0.32 per share for a total of $500.

During November 2007, the Company issued 40,000 shares of common stock to qualified investors for $0.37 per share for a total of $14,800.

During November 2007, the Company issued 68,000 shares of common stock to a qualified investor for $0.25 per share for a total of $17,000.

 

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During November 2007, the Company issued 17,500 options to purchase common stock at an exercise price of $1.00. The options are valid for two years and were valued used the Black-Scholes option model at $5,521.

The sale and issuance of securities above was deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by virtue of Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated there under.

The Company’s 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan authorizes up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock to any employee or Consultant during any one calendar year for grants of both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to key employees, officers, directors, and consultants. Options granted under the Plan must be exercised within a term determined by the Board of Directors. The Option Price payable for the shares of Common Stock covered by any Option shall be determined by the Board of Directors, provided that such exercise price shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant of the Option and shall not, in any event, be less than the par value of a Share on the date of grant of the Option.

 

Plan category

   Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights

(a)
   Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights

(b)
   Number of
securities
remaining
available for
future issuance
under equity
compensation
plans (excluding
securities
reflected in
column (a))

(c)

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan

   2,040,000    $ 1.00    720,000

 

ITEM 6. PLAN OF OPERATION

THIS FILING CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THE WORDS "ANTICIPATED," "BELIEVE," "EXPECT," "PLAN," "INTEND," "SEEK," "ESTIMATE," "PROJECT," "WILL," "COULD," "MAY," AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THESE STATEMENTS INCLUDE, AMONG OTHERS, INFORMATION REGARDING FUTURE OPERATIONS, FUTURE CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, AND FUTURE NET CASH FLOW. SUCH STATEMENTS REFLECT THE COMPANY'S CURRENT VIEWS WITH RESPECT TO FUTURE EVENTS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, GENERAL ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS CONDITIONS, CHANGES IN FOREIGN, POLITICAL, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, REGULATORY INITIATIVES AND COMPLIANCE WITH GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS, THE ABILITY TO ACHIEVE FURTHER MARKET PENETRATION AND ADDITIONAL CUSTOMERS, AND VARIOUS OTHER MATTERS, MANY OF WHICH ARE BEYOND THE COMPANY'S CONTROL. SHOULD ONE OR MORE OF THESE RISKS OR UNCERTAINTIES OCCUR, OR SHOULD UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS PROVE TO BE INCORRECT, ACTUAL RESULTS MAY VARY MATERIALLY AND ADVERSELY FROM THOSE ANTICIPATED, BELIEVED, ESTIMATED, OR OTHERWISE INDICATED. CONSEQUENTLY, ALL OF THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS MADE IN THIS FILING ARE QUALIFIED BY THESE CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS AND THERE CAN BE NO ASSURANCE OF THE ACTUAL RESULTS OR DEVELOPMENTS.

 

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The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and plan of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere herein. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements including information about possible or assumed results of our financial conditions, operations, plans, objectives and performance that involve risk, uncertainties and assumptions. The actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. For example, when we indicate that we expect to increase our product sales and potentially establish additional license relationships, these are forward-looking statements. The words expect, anticipate, estimate or similar expressions are also used to indicate forward-looking statements.

Background of our company

We are a development-stage company and not yet generating any revenues. We expect to continue the commercialization of our Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine (“DCGT”) technology. The licensor of the acquired technology has passed the research and development phase and has designed a working prototype. We need to redesign an engine for our application based on this proven Core Technology. We are relying on Alpha to design, construct and test a 540 horsepower engine prototype for our licensed application (see “Business of the Company”, “Our Product.”).

The financing for our development activities to date has come from the sale of common stock. We intend to finance our future development activities and working capital needs largely from the sale of public equity securities with additional funding from a private placement or secondary offering of up to $10 million and other traditional financing sources, including term notes and proceeds from sub-licensing agreements until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements.

Since we have had a limited history of operations, we anticipate that our quarterly results of operations will fluctuate significantly for the foreseeable future. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results should not be relied upon as predictive of future performance. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties encountered by companies at an early stage of development, particularly companies commercializing new and evolving technologies such as the DCGT. In July 2002, we acquired the license for the DCGT technology for the manufacture and marketing of heavy-duty highway truck engine.

The following steps have been or are being taken by the Company to demonstrate the viability of a final prototype engine:

Step 1 The completion of the design has been done and the prototype engine has been built

Step 2 The Company has leased its office and demonstration facilities

Step 3 The Engine is undergoing continuing testing, the cost of which is anticipated to be approximately $385,000

 

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In Step 3, we will rely on Alpha to test the prototype engine at their facilities. Alpha will conduct test demonstrations to show the viability and function of the engine. The costs of the on-going testing is expected to be funded from the proceeds of a public offering.

Should we be unable to raise the funds from an offering, we may attempt a private placement or other form of debt financing which would have to be obtained in order to continue as a going concern.

For the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the year ended December 31, 2006:

Operating Costs – During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, operating costs totaled $2,194,211 and $1,207,841, respectively. The increase of $986,370 was attributable principally to stock compensation expense for options issued to employees, directors and consultants.

Interest (Income) Expense—Net—During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 net interest expense totaled $(15,254) and $2,176, respectively. The increase of $17,430 was due to purchase of stock from private investors.

The net loss for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $(2,470,352) and $(1,465,077), respectively. The increase of $1,005,275 was mainly attributable to engine development and testing.

Liquidity and capital resources

As shown in the accompanying financial statements, for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and since November 27, 2000 (date of inception) through December 31, 2007, the Company has had net losses of $2,470,352, $1,465,077 and $8,309,329, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has not emerged from the development stage. In view of these matters, the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to begin operations and to achieve a level of profitability. Since inception, the Company has financed its activities principally from the sale of public equity securities. The Company intends on financing its future development activities and its working capital needs largely from the sale of public equity securities with some additional funding from other traditional financing sources, including term notes and proceeds from sub-licensing agreements until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements.

As previously mentioned, since inception, we have financed our operations largely from the sale of common stock. From inception through December 31, 2007 we raised cash of $1,128,319 net of issuance costs, through private placements of common stock financings and $62,250 through the issuance of convertible notes payable. During August, 2004 our Form SB-2 Registration Statement became effective and we raised an additional $123,753 through common stock sales, and offset $41,378 of offering costs against those proceeds. The proceeds from the sale of this common stock have been used for general and administrative expenses.

Since our inception through December 31, 2007 we have incurred approximately $3,282,104 of research and development costs and operating expenses. These expenses were principally related to the acquisition of a license agreement in July 2002 in the amount of $2,735,649, which was expensed to research and development costs for the DCGT technology and general and administrative expenses.

We have incurred significant net losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception. As of December 31, 2007, we had an accumulated deficit of $8,309,329 and a working capital deficit of $681,430.

We anticipate that cash used in product development and operations, especially in the marketing, production and sale of our products, will increase significantly in the future.

 

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We will be dependent upon our existing cash, together with anticipated net proceeds from a public offering and future debt issuances and private placements of common stock and potential license fees, to finance our planned operations through the next 12 months. We will continue to proceed in the design and testing phase of the DCGT engine during the next 12 months and will require additional funding to continue operations. Based on our anticipated growth, we plan to add several employees to our staff.

Additional capital may not be available when required or on favorable terms. If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to significantly reduce or refocus our operations or to obtain funds through arrangements that may require us to relinquish rights to certain or potential markets, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of such securities would result in ownership dilution to our existing stockholders.

The Company may receive proceeds in the future from the exercise of warrants and options outstanding as of December 31, 2007 in accordance with the following schedule:

 

     Approximate
Number of
Shares
   Approximate
Proceeds

Non-Plan Options and Warrants

   1,558,413    $ 1,161,033

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

We believe that the following critical policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of our financial statements.

Furniture and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a declining balance and straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, principally five to seven years. Accelerated methods are used for tax depreciation. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations when incurred. Betterments and renewals are capitalized. When furniture and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed of, the asset account and related accumulated depreciaiotn account are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in operations.

The Company has incurred deferred offering costs in connection with raising additional capital through the sale of its common stock. These costs have been capitalized and will be charged against additional paid-in capital should common stock be issued. If there is no issuance of common stock, the costs incurred will be charged to operations.

Research and development costs are charged to operations when incurred and are included in operating expenses.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("SFAS 159"). SFAS 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. SFAS 159 permits the measurement of specified financial instruments and warranty and insurance contracts at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings each reporting period. We do not anticipate that adoption of this statement will have a material impact on our financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations ("SFAS 141R"). SFAS 141R establishes the principles and requirements for how an acquirer: 1) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; 2) in a business combination achieved in stages, sometimes referred to as a step acquisition, recognizes the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the non-controlling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values; 3) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase. SFAS 141R establishes disclosure requirements to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. This Statement is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 141R will have an impact on our accounting for future business combinations; however, the materiality of that impact cannot be determined.

In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 ("SAB 110") which allows companies that do not have sufficient historical experience for estimating the expected term of "plain vanilla" share option grants to provide a reasonable estimate and to continue use of the "simplified" method after December 31, 2007. SAB 110 extends the opportunity to use the "simplified" method beyond December 31, 2007, as was allowed by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 ("SAB 107"). Adoption of SAB 110 will not impact our financial statements as we did not use the "simplified" method to estimate lives of share-based awards.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its EITF), the AICPA, and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents
ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

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Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

Contents

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   16

Financial Statements:

  

Balance Sheet

   17

Statements of Operations

   18

Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit

   19

Statements of Cash Flows

   25

Notes to Financial Statements

   27

 

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Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Audit Committee

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

DeLand, Florida

We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. (a development stage enterprise) as of December 31, 2007 and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders' deficit, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period from November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the management of Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we expressed no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period from November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2, the Company incurred a net loss of $2,470,352 during the year ended December 31, 2007 and has an accumulated deficit of $8,309,329 from inception to December 31, 2007. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Pender Newkirk & Company LLP

Certified Public Accountants

Tampa, Florida

April 9, 2008

 

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Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Balance Sheet

December 31, 2007

 

Assets

  

Current assets:

  

Cash

   $ 2,822  

Prepaid expenses

     2,330  
        

Total current assets

     5,152  
        

Furniture and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $17,665

     31,057  
        
   $ 36,209  
        

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit

  

Current liabilities:

  

Accounts payable

   $ 40,060  

Accrued expenses

     270,155  

Accrued interest

     12,879  

Accrued payroll

     11,488  

Accrued royalty fees

     312,500  

Due to related party

     39,500  
        

Total current liabilities

     686,582  
        

Accrued payroll – long term

     340,174  

Note payable to related party

     1,901  
        

Stockholders’ deficit:

  

Preferred stock; $.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding

  

Common stock; $.001 par value; 99,000,000 shares authorized; 17,349,346 shares issued and outstanding

     17,347  

Additional paid in capital

     7,484,124  

Deficit accumulated during development stage

     (8,309,329 )

Prepaid consulting services paid with common stock

     (17,500 )

Subscription receivable

     (167,090 )
        

Total stockholders’ deficit

     (992,448 )
        
   $ 36,209  
        

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Statements of Operations

 

                

Period

November 27,

2000 (Date of

Inception) through

December 31,

 
      
      
     Years Ended
December 31,
   
    
     2007     2006     2007  

Research and development costs

   $ 291,395     $ 255,060     $ 3,282,104  

Operating costs

     2,194,211       1,207,841       4,974,878  
                        
     2,485,606       1,462,901       8,256,982  

Interest (income) expense

     (15,254 )     2,176       52,347  
                        

Net loss

   $ (2,470,352 )   $ (1,465,077 )   $ (8,309,329 )
                        

Net loss per common share

   $ (0.16 )   $ (.12 )   $ (0.73 )
                        

Weighted average number of common shares

     15,309,332       12,294,910       11,391,398  
                        

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Company)

Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit

For Each of the Years From November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007

 

     Common Stock              
     Shares     Amount     Additional Paid
in Capital
    Deficit
Accumulated
During
Development
Stage
 

Issuance of common stock for option to acquire license and stock subscription receivable, December 2000

   10,390,000     $ 10,390      

Net loss for the period

         $ (4,029 )
                              

Balance, December 31, 2000

   10,390,000       10,390         (4,029 )

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2001*

   10,000       10     $ 4,990    

Issuance of common stock for cash, March 2001*

   10,000       10       4,990    

Issuance of common stock for cash, August 2001*

   10,000       10       4,990    

Issuance of common stock for cash, September 2001*

   55,000       55       27,445    

Payment for common stock issued under subscription receivable

        

Net loss

           31,789  
                              

Balance, December 31, 2001

   10,475,000       10,475       42,415       (35,818 )

Issuance of common stock for cash, January 2002*

   5,000       5       2,495    

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2002*

   10,000       10       4,990    

Issuance of common stock for cash, April 2002*

   25,000       25       12,475    

Issuance of common stock for cash, May 2002*

   65,000       65       32,435    

Issuance of common stock for cash, June 2002*

   70,000       70       34,930    

Issuance of common stock for cash, August 2002*

   10,000       10       4,990    

Issuance of common stock for cash, October 2002*

   10,000       10       4,990    

Issuance of common stock to acquire licensing agreement, July 2002*

   5,000,000       5,000       2,495,000    

Shares returned to treasury by founding stockholder, July 2002

   (5,000,000 )     (5,000 )     5,000    

Net loss

           (2,796,768 )
                              

Balance, December 31, 2002

   10,670,000       10,670       2,639,720       (2,832,586 )

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2003*

   207,000       207       103,293    

Issuance of common stock for cash, September 2003*

   30,000       30       14,970    

Issuance of common stock for services, September 2003*

   290,000       290       144,710    

Payment for common stock issued under subscription agreement

        

Offering costs for private placement offering

         (33,774 )  

Net loss

           (190,567 )
                              

Balance, December 31, 2003

   11,197,000       11,197       2,868,919       (3,023,153 )

Issuance of notes payable with beneficial conversion feature

         19,507    

Issuance of common stock for services, September 2004 ($2.00 per share)

   20,000       20       39,980    

Conversion of notes payable, August 2004 ($2.00 per share)

   31,125       31       62,219    

Issuance of common stock for cash, September 2004 ($2.00 per share)

   25,025       25       50,025    

Issuance of common stock for cash, October 2004 ($2.00 per share)

   1,000       1       1,999    

Issuance of common stock for cash, November 2004 ($2.00 per share)

   3,500       4       6,996    

Issuance of common stock for cash, December 2004 ($2.00 per share)

   3,000       3       5,997    

Amortization of offering costs related to Form SB-2 filing

         (10,159 )  

Amortization of stock for services related to Form SB-2 offering

         (6,317 )  

Contribution from shareholder

         18,256    

Net loss

           (282,009 )
                              

Balance, December 31, 2004

   11,280,650       11,281       3,057,422       (3,305,162 )

 

* Common stock issued at $.50 per share.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents
     Deferred
Non-Cash
Offering
Costs
    Prepaid
Consulting
Services Paid
for with
Common
Stock
   Receivable
for
Common
Stock
   Subscription
Receivable
    Total  

Issuance of common stock for option to acquire license and stock subscription receivable, December 2000

           $ (390 )   $ 10,000  

Net loss for the period

               (4,029 )
                                  

Balance, December 31, 2000

             (390 )     5,971  

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2001*

               5,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, March 2001*

               5,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, August 2001*

               5,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, September 2001*

               27,500  

Payment for common stock issued under subscription receivable

             300       300  

Net loss

               (31,789 )
                                  

Balance, December 31, 2001

             (90 )     16,982  

Issuance of common stock for cash, January 2002*

               2,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2002*

               5,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, April 2002*

               12,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, May 2002*

               32,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, June 2002*

             (2,500 )     32,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, August 2002*

               5,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, October 2002*

               5,000  

Issuance of common stock to acquire licensing agreement, July 2002*

               2,500,000  

Shares returned to treasury by founding stockholder, July 2002

            

Net loss

               (2,796,768 )
                                  

Balance, December 31, 2002

             (2,590 )     (184,786 )

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2003*

               103,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, September 2003*

               15,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, September 2003*

   $ (74,850 )             70,150  

Payment for common stock issued under subscription agreement

             2,500       2,500  

Offering costs for private placement offering

               (33,774 )

Net loss

               (190,567 )
                                  

Balance, December 31, 2003

     (74,850 )           (90 )     (217,977 )

Issuance of notes payable with beneficial conversion feature

               19,507  

Issuance of common stock for services, September 2004 ($2.00 per share)

               40,000  

Conversion of notes payable, August 2004 ($2.00 per share)

               62,250  

Issuance of common stock for cash, September 2004 ($2.00 per share)

               50,050  

Issuance of common stock for cash, October 2004 ($2.00 per share)

               2,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November 2004 ($2.00 per share)

               7,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, December 2004 ($2.00 per share)

               6,000  

Amortization of offering costs related to Form SB-2 filing

               (10,159 )

Amortization of stock for services related to Form SB-2 offering

     6,317            

Contribution from shareholder

               18,256  

Net loss

               (282,009 )
                                  

Balance, December 31, 2004

     (68,533 )           (90 )     (305,082 )

 

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Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Company)

Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit

For Each of the Years From November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007

 

     Common Stock             
     Shares    Amount    Additional
Paid in
Capital
    Deficit
Accumulated
During
Development
Stage
 

Issuance of common stock for services, January 2005
($2.00 per share)

   80,000    80    159,920    

Issuance of common stock in satisfaction of a note payable, February 2005 ($2.00 per share)

   125,000    125    249,875    

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2005 ($2.00 per share)

   3,200    3    6,397    

Issuance of common stock for cash, March 2005 ($2.00 per share)

   1,500    1    2,999    

Amortization of offering costs related to Form SB-2 filing

         (31,216 )  

Amortization of stock for services related to Form SB-2 offering

         (19,413 )  

Issuance of common stock for services, April 2005 ($2.00 per share)

   5,000    5    9,995    

Capital contribution from stockholder, May 2005

         170,000    

Issuance of common stock for cash, May 2005 ($2.00 per share)

   15,550    16    31,084    

Write off of stock for services related to Form SB-2 filing

          

Issuance of common stock for cash, June 2005 ($2.00 per share)

   9,100    9    18,191    

Issuance of common stock for services, June 2005 ($1.70 per share)

   100,000    100    169,900    

Capital contribution from stockholder, June 2005

         450    

Issuance of common stock for cash, August 2005 ($1.00 per share)

   5,000    5    4,995    

Issuance of common stock for services, July 2005 ($1.00 per share)

   40,000    40    39,960    

Amortization of prepaid services paid for with common stock

          

Write off prepaid services paid for with common stock due to terminated

agreement

          

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($1.00 per share)

   25,000    25    24,975    

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($1.00 per share)

   20,000    20    19,980    

Issuance of common stock for cash, December ($1.00 per share)

   5,000    5    4,995    

Net loss

           (1,068,738 )
                      

Balance, December 31, 2005

   11,715,000    11,715    3,920,509     (4,373,900 )

Issuance of common stock for cash, January ($1.00 per share)

   65,000    65    64,935    

Issuance of common stock for cash, February ($1.00 per share)

   1,500    2    1,498    

Amortization of prepaid services paid for with common stock

          

Issuance of common stock for cash, March ($1.00 per share)

   1,675    2    1,673    

Issuance of common stock for cash, April ($1.00 per share)

   5,000    5    4,995    

Issuance of common stock for services, May ($1.00 per share)

   10,000    10    9,990    

Issuance of common stock for services, May ($1.15 per share)

   10,000    10    11,490    

Issuance of common stock for cash, June ($.80 per share)

   15,000    15    11,985    

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, June ($.50 per share)

   200,000    200    99,800    

Issuance of common stock for services, June ($1.15 per share)

   150,000    150    172,350    

Issuance of common stock for services, July ($1.10 per share)

   109,091    109    119,891    

Issuance of common stock for services, July ($.50 per share)

   30,000    30    14,970    

Issuance of common stock for settlement of debt, August ($.85 per share)

   125,253    125    106,341    

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($.81 per share)

   10,000    10    8,065    

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, September
($.50 per share)

   167,200    167    83,433    

Issuance of common stock for services, September ($.50 per share)

   210,000    210    104,790    

Issuance of common stock for services, September ($.74 per share)

   10,000    10    7,385    

Issuance of common stock in settlement of a payable, September ($4.16 per share)

   100,000    100    416,567    

Issuance of options to employees, directors and consultants, September

         78,355    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents
     Deferred
Non-Cash
Offering
Costs
   Prepaid
Consulting
Services Paid
for with
Common
Stock
    Receivable
for
Common
Stock
   Subscription
Receivable
    Total  

Issuance of common stock for services, January 2005
($2.00 per share)

             160,000  

Issuance of common stock in satisfaction of a note payable, February 2005 ($2.00 per share)

             250,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, February 2005 ($2.00 per share)

             6,400  

Issuance of common stock for cash, March 2005 ($2.00 per share)

             3,000  

Amortization of offering costs related to Form SB-2 filing

             (31,216 )

Amortization of stock for services related to Form SB-2
offering

   19,413          

Issuance of common stock for services, April 2005 ($2.00 per share)

             10,000  

Capital contribution from stockholder, May 2005

             170,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, May 2005 ($2.00 per share)

             31,100  

Write off of stock for services related to Form SB-2 filing

   49,120           49,120  

Issuance of common stock for cash, June 2005 ($2.00 per share)

             18,200  

Issuance of common stock for services, June 2005 ($1.70 per share)

      $ (170,000 )       

Capital contribution from stockholder, June 2005

             450  

Issuance of common stock for cash, August 2005 ($1.00 per share)

             5000  

Issuance of common stock for services, July 2005 ($1.00 per share)

        (40,000 )       

Amortization of prepaid services paid for with common stock

        26,833          26,833  

Write off prepaid services paid for with common stock due to terminated agreement

        161,500          161,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($1.00 per share)

             25,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($1.00 per share)

             20,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, December ($1.00 per share)

             5000  

Net loss

             (1,068,738 )
                              

Balance, December 31, 2005

        (21,667 )      (90 )   (463,433 )

Issuance of common stock for cash, January ($1.00 per share)

             65,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, February ($1.00 per share)

             1,500  

Amortization of prepaid services paid for with common stock

        204,556          204,556  

Issuance of common stock for cash, March ($1.00 per share)

             1,675  

Issuance of common stock for cash, April ($1.00 per share)

             5,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, May ($1.00 per share)

             10,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, May ($1.15 per share)

             11,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, June ($.80 per share)

             12,000  

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, June ($.50 per share)

             100,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, June ($1.15 per share)

        (172,500 )       

Issuance of common stock for services, July ($1.10 per share)

        (120,000 )       

Issuance of common stock for services, July ($.50 per share)

        (5,000 )        10,000  

Issuance of common stock for settlement of debt, August ($.85 per share)

             106,466  

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($.81 per share)

             8,075  

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, September
($.50 per share)

             83,600  

Issuance of common stock for services, September ($.50 per share)

        (12,500 )        92,500  

Issuance of common stock for services, September ($.74 per share)

             7,395  

Issuance of common stock in settlement of a payable, September ($4.16 per share)

             416,667  

Issuance of options to employees, directors and consultants, September

             78,355  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

22


Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Company)

Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit

For Each of the Years From November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007

 

     Common Stock            
     Shares    Amount    Additional
Paid in
Capital
   Deficit
Accumulated
During
Development
Stage
 

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.50, per shares)

   30,000      30      14,970   

Issuance of options to employees, directors and consultants, October

           155,185   

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($0.50 per share)

   16,000      16      7,984   

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.67, per shares)

   15,000      15      9,985   

Issuance of common stock for services, November ($0.50, per shares)

   188,000      188      93,812   

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.50 per share)

   100,000      100      49,900   

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.60 per share)

   2,833      3      1,697   

Net loss

              (1,465,077 )
                           

Balance December 31, 2006

   13,286,552      13,287      5,572,555      (5,838,977 )

Issuance of options to consultants, January

           155,188   

Issuance of common stock for cash, January ($0.50 per share)

   26,000      26      12,974   

Issuance of common stock for exercise of options, January ($0.50 per share)

   300,000      300      149,700   

Issuance of common stock for services, January ($0.66, per shares)

   50,000      50      32,950   

Issuance of common stock for services, January ($0.51, per shares)

   10,000      10      5,090   

Issuance of common stock for exercise of options, February ($0.50 per share)

   100,000      100      49,900   

Issuance of common stock for exercise of options, February ($0.60 per share)

   20,000      20      11,980   

Issuance of common stock for cash, February ($0.23 per share)

   239,130      239      54,761   

Issuance of common stock for services, February ($0.87, per shares)

   50,000      50      43,200   

Issuance of common stock for services, February ($0.72, per shares)

   20,000      20      14,280   

Issuance of common stock for cash, February ($0.23 per share)

   558,696      559      127,941   

Issuance of common stock for services, March ($0.65, per shares)

   25,000      25      16,225   

Issuance of common stock for services, March ($0.70, per shares)

   25,000      25      17,475   

Issuance of common stock for exchange of fixed assets, April ($0.50, per share)

   2,000      2      998   

Issuance of common stock for cash, May ($0.25, per share)

   24,000      24      5,976   

Issuance of common stock for cash, June ($0.25, per share)

   26,000      26      6,474   

Issuance of common stock for services, June ($0.43, per share)

   75,000      75      32,175   

Issuance of common stock for exchange of fixed assets, June ($0.50 per share)

   8,000      8      3,992   

Issuance of common stock for services, June ($0.44, per share)

   100,000      100      43,900   

Amortization of prepaid services paid for with common stock

           

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, July ($0.25, per share)

   72,000      72      17,928   

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($0.55, per share)

   160,000      160      87,840   

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($0.50, per share)

   3,000      3      1,497   

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($0.38, per share)

   28,600      28      10,839   

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, August ($0.25, per share)

   270,000      270      67,230   

Issuance of common stock for services, September ($0.50, per share)

   1,300,000      1,300      648,700   

Issuance of common stock for cash, September ($0.25, per share)

   164,000      164      40,836   

Issuance of common stock for cash, September ($0.30, per share)

   26,666      26      7,973   

Issuance of common stock for cash, September ($0.37, per share)

   54,243      53      19,646   

Issuance of options & warrants to employees & consultants,
September

           108,470   

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.25, per share)

   6,000      6      1,494   

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.56, per share)

   2,700      3      1,497   

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($0.50, per share)

   55,000      55      27,445   

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($0.53, per share)

   1,905      2      998   

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.28, per share)

   125,291      125      34,956   

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.32, per share)

   1,563      1      499   

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.37, per share)

   40,000      40      14,760   

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.68, per share)

   25,000      25      16,850   

Issuance of common stock for cash, December ($0.25, per share)

   68,000      68      16,932   

Net loss

              (2,470,352 )
                           

Balance December 31, 2007

   17,349,346    $ 17,347    $ 7,484,124    $ (8,309,329 )
                           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

23


Table of Contents
     Deferred
Non-Cash
Offering
Costs
   Prepaid
Consulting
Services Paid
for with
Common
Stock
    Receivable
for
Common
Stock
    Subscription
Receivable
    Total  

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.50, per shares)

              15,000  

Issuance of options to employees, directors and consultants, October

              155,185  

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($0.50 per share)

              8,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.67, per shares)

              10,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, November ($0.50, per shares)

        (80,000 )         14,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.50 per share)

              50,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.60 per share)

              1,700  

Net loss

              (1,465,077 )
                                       

Balance December 31, 2006

        (207,111 )       (90 )     (460,336 )

Issuance of options to consultants, January

              155,188  

Issuance of common stock for cash, January ($0.50 per share)

              13,000  

Issuance of common stock for exercise of options, January ($0.50 per share)

          (150,000 )    

Issuance of common stock for services, January ($0.66, per shares)

        (33,000 )      

Issuance of common stock for services, January ($0.51, per shares)

              5,100  

Issuance of common stock for exercise of options, February ($0.50 per share)

          (15,000 )       35,000  

Issuance of common stock for exercise of options, February ($0.60 per share)

          (12,000 )    

Issuance of common stock for cash, February ($0.23 per share)

              55,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, February ($0.87, per share)

              43,250  

Issuance of common stock for services, February ($0.72, per share)

              14,300  

Issuance of common stock for cash, February ($0.23 per share)

              128,500  

Issuance of common stock for services, March ($0.65, per shares)

              16,250  

Issuance of common stock for services, March ($0.70, per shares)

        (17,500 )      

Issuance of common stock for exchange of fixed assets, April ($0.50, per share)

              1,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, May ($0.25, per share)

              6,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, June ($0.25, per share)

              6,500  

Issuance of common stock for services, June ($0.43, per share)

              32,250  

Issuance of common stock for exchange of fixed assets, June ($0.50 per share)

              4,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, June ($0.44, per share)

              44,000  

Amortization of prepaid services paid for with common stock

        890,111           890,111  

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, July ($0.25, per share)

              18,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($0.55, per share)

              88,000  

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($0.50, per share)

              1,500  

Issuance of common stock for services, August ($0.38, per share)

              10,867  

Issuance of common stock and warrants for cash, August ($0.25, per share)

              67,500  

Issuance of common stock for services, September ($0.50, per share)

        (650,000 )      

Issuance of common stock for cash, September ($0.25, per share)

              41,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, September ($0.30, per share)

              7,999  

Issuance of common stock for cash, September ($0.37, per share)

              19,699  

Issuance of options & warrants to employees & consultants, September

              108,470  

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.25, per share)

              1,500  

Issuance of common stock for services, October ($0.56, per share)

              1,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($0.50, per share)

              27,500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, October ($0.53, per share)

              1,000  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.28, per share)

              35,081  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.32, per share)

              500  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.37, per share)

              14,800  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.68, per share)

              16,875  

Issuance of common stock for cash, November ($0.25, per share)

              17,000  

Payment on receivable for common stock

          10,000         10,000  

Net loss

              (2,470,352 )
                                       

Balance December 31, 2007

   $         $ (17,500 )   $ (167,000 )   $ (90 )   $ (992,448 )
                                       

 

24


Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Company)

Statements of Cash Flows

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
   

Period
November 27,
2000 (Date of

Inception) through
December 31,

 
     2007     2006     2007  

Operating activities

      

Net loss

   $ (2,470,352 )   $ (1,465,077 )   $ (8,309,329 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:

      

Common stock and long-term debt issued for acquisition of license agreement

         2,735,649  

Common stock issued for services and amortization of common stock issued for services

     1,148,628       383,026       2,000,037  

Options issued to employees, directors and consultants

     263,658       233,540       497,198  

Contribution from shareholder

         188,706  

Write off deferred offering costs

         119,383  

Write off of deferred non cash offering costs

         49,120  

Depreciation

     11,978       2,301       17,665  

Amortization of discount on notes payable

         33,858  

(Increase) in prepaid expenses

     (2,330 )       (2,330 )

Increase (decrease) in:

      

Accounts payable

     (14,630 )     4,782       40,060  

Accrued expenses

     128,050       75,875       270,155  

Accrued payroll

     198,105       59,900       351,662  

Accrued royalty fees

     250,000       250,000       729,167  

Accrued interest

         12,879  
                        

Net cash used by operating activities

     (486,893 )     (455,653 )     (1,266,020 )
                        

Investing activities

      

Issuance of notes receivable from stockholders

         (23,000 )

Repayment of notes receivable from stockholders

         22,095  

Advances to related party

         805  

Purchase of fixed assets

     (35,433 )     (3,094 )     (43,723 )
                        

Net cash used by investing activities

     (35,433 )     (3,094 )     (43,823 )
                        

Financing activities

      

Repayment of stockholder advances

     (40,333 )     117,867       (103,180 )

Advances from stockholders

     43,445         251,148  

Increase in deferred offering costs

         (194,534 )

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

     475,954       328,475       1,252,071  

Proceeds from exercise of options

     45,000         45,000  

Proceeds from issuance of subscription

         (90 )

Proceeds from issuance of notes payable

         62,250  
                        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     524,066       446,342       1,312,665  
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash

     1,740       (12,405 )     2,822  

Cash at beginning of year/period

     1,082       13,487    
                        

Cash at end of year/period

   $ 2,822     $ 1,082     $ 2,822  
                        

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

25


Table of Contents
     Year Ended
December 31,
   Period
November 27,
2000 (Date of
Inception) through
December 31,
     2007    2006    2007

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information and non cash investing and financing activities:

        

Cash paid for interest

   $ 748    $ 0    $ 748
                    

Subscription receivable for issuance of common stock

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 90
                    

Option to acquire license for issuance of common stock

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 10,000
                    

Deferred offering costs netted against issuance of common stock under private placement

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 33,774
                    

Deferred offering costs netted against issuance of common stock

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 41,735
                    

Value of beneficial conversion feature of notes payable

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 19,507
                    

Deferred non-cash offering costs in connection with private placement

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 74,850
                    

Application of amount due from shareholder against related party debt

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 8,099
                    

Amortization of offering costs related to stock for services

   $ 0    $ 0    $ 25,730
                    

Settlement of notes payable in exchange for common stock

   $ 0    $ 106,466    $ 356,466
                    

Common stock issued in exchange for prepaid services

   $ 700,500    $ 390,000    $ 1,090,500
                    

Common stock issued in exchange for accrued royalties

   $ 0    $ 416,667    $ 416,667
                    

Receivable issued for exercise of common stock options

   $ 167,000    $ 0    $ 167,000
                    

Common stock issued in exchange for fixed assets

   $ 5,000    $ 0    $ 5,000
                    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

 

26


Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

1. Background Information

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. (the “Company”) is a development stage enterprise that was incorporated in the state of Delaware on November 27, 2000. To date, the Company’s activities have been limited to raising capital, organizational matters, and the structuring of its business plan. The corporate headquarters is located in DeLand, Florida. The Company’s planned line of business will be the design, development, and testing of turbine truck engine technology licensed through Alpha Engines Corporation (“Alpha”). Alpha owns the patents to a new gas turbine engine system called Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine. If the Company can successfully demonstrate a highway truck engine using the technology, the Company intends to form a joint venture with a major heavy duty highway truck manufacturer to manufacture, market, and sell turbine truck engines for use in heavy duty highway trucks throughout the United States.

 

2. Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. For the year ended December 31, 2007 and since November 27, 2000 (date of inception) through December 31, 2007, the Company has had a net loss of $2,470,352 and $8,309,329, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has not emerged from the development stage. In view of these matters, the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to begin operations and to achieve a level of profitability. Since inception, the Company has financed its activities principally from the sale of public equity securities. The Company intends on financing its future development activities and its working capital needs largely from the sale of public equity securities with some additional funding from other traditional financing sources, including term notes and proceeds from sub-licensing agreements until such time that funds provided by operations are sufficient to fund working capital requirements. The financial statements of the Company do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets, or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

 

3. Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies followed are:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s financial instruments include cash, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and payables to related parties. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments approximate their fair value, due to the short-term nature of these items. The carrying amount of the note payable approximates its fair value due to the use of market rates of interest.

Furniture and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a declining balance and straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, principally two to seven years. Accelerated methods are used for tax depreciation. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations when incurred. Betterments and renewals are capitalized. When furniture and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed of, the asset account and related accumulated depreciation account are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in operations.

 

27


Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets or asset groups whenever adverse events or changes in business climate indicate that the expected undiscounted future cash flows from the related assets may be less than previously anticipated. If the net book value of the related assets exceed the undiscounted future cash flows of the assets, the carrying amount would be reduced to the present value of their expected future cash flows and an impairment loss would be recognized. There have been no impairment losses in any of the periods presented.

Research and development costs are charged to operations when incurred and are included in operating expenses. The amounts charged for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period November 27, 2000 (date of inception) to December 31, 2007 amounted to $291,395, $255,060 and $3,282,104, respectively.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences associated with differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as measured by the enacted tax rates, which are expected to be in effect when these differences reverse. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as current or non-current, depending on the classification of the assets or liabilities to which they relate. Deferred tax assets and liabilities not related to an asset or liability are classified as current or non-current depending on the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The principal types of temporary differences between assets and liabilities for financial statements and tax return purposes are set forth in Note 9.

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (FIN 48) on January 1, 2007. FIN 48 prescribes a comprehensive model for recognizing, measuring, presenting and disclosing in the financial statements tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return, including a decision whether to file or not to file in a particular jurisdiction. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact to the Company’s financial statements.

Earnings per common share are computed in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share,” which requires companies to present basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding and dilutive options outstanding during the year. Common stock equivalents for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period from November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007 were anti-dilutive due to the net losses sustained by the Company during these periods. The diluted weighted average number of shares, including these common share equivalents would have been 17,667,745, 14,334,910 and 13,749,811 for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period from November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception) through December 31, 2007, respectively.

 

28


Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

The Company issues stock options to consultants for various services. For these transactions the Company follows the guidance in EITF 96-18 “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services”. Costs for these transactions are measured at the fair value of he consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The value of the common stock is measured at the earlier of (i) the date at which a firm commitment for performance by the counterparty to earn the equity instruments is reached or (ii) the date at which the counterparty’s performance is complete. For the periods ended December 31, 2007, and 2006 the Company recognized $155,188, respectively, in consulting expenses and a corresponding increase to additional paid-in-capital related to stock issued for these services.

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (Revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS 123R). SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized as compensation expense in the consolidated financial statements based on their fair values. That expense will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). We adopted SFAS 123R effective beginning January 1, 2006. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) we did not issue any stock options. The Company amortizes compensation expenses on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

The Company estimates forfeitures, both at the date of grant as well as throughout the requisite service period, based on the Company’s historical experience and future expectations.

As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R), the Company’s earnings before income taxes and net earnings and earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $72,765 and $.01, respectively, lower than if we had accounted for stock-based compensation under ABB Opinion No. 25 for our stock option grants. As of December 31, 2007, there was $413,834 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to nonvested stock options. These stock options are performance based, and the Company does not believe this remaining unrecognized compensation will be earned. This amount will be recognized as certain performance criteria, as stated in the option agreements, are met.

 

29


Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

The following table represents our nonvested stock options and warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2007:

 

     Number of
Options/Warrants
    Weighted Average
Grant Date

Fair Value

Nonvested options - December 31, 2006

   1,200,000     $ 0.52

Granted

   —       $ —  

Vested

   (300,000 )   $ 0.52

Forfeited

   (100,000 )   $ 0.52
            

Nonvested options - December 31, 2007

   800,000     $ 0.52
            

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2007, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $0.40 was $0. Intrinsic value is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the options.

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. SFAS 159 permits the measurement of specified financial instruments and warranty and insurance contracts at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings each reporting period. We do not anticipate that adoption of this statement will have a material impact on our financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R establishes the principles and requirements for how an acquirer: 1) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree; 2) in a business combination achieved in stages, sometimes referred to as a step acquisition, recognizes the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the non-controlling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values; 3) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase. SFAS 141R establishes disclosure requirements to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. This Statement is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 141R will have an impact on our accounting for future business combinations; however, the materiality of that impact cannot be determined.

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

3. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

 

In December 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 (“SAB 110”) which allows companies that do not have sufficient historical experience for estimating the expected term of “plain vanilla” share option grants to provide a reasonable estimate and to continue use of the “simplified” method after December 31, 2007. SAB 110 extends the opportunity to use the “simplified” method beyond December 31, 2007, as was allowed by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”). Adoption of SAB 110 will not impact our financial statements as we did not use the “simplified” method to estimate lives of share-based awards.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its EITF), the AICPA, and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements.

 

4. Option to Acquire License

In July 2002, the Company exercised its option to obtain a license to commercially exploit certain turbine truck engine technology owned by Alpha. The original agreement required the Company to complete and file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and once the public offering was filed and declared effective by the SEC, Alpha was to grant the license in exchange for 10,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company and other licensing considerations as follows:

 

Ø Licensing fee – $250,000 licensing note payable on August 23, 2005 or agreement is terminated;

 

Ø Minimum royalties – $250,000 due minimum royalty payment each year once licensing note is settled;

 

Ø Royalties – eight percent of net sales after manufacturing and sales commence; and

 

Ø Contract fees for design and engineering services.

During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company issued 125,000 shares of common stock in satisfaction of the $250,000 note and the accrual of the minimum royalty fees began. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has accrued $312,500 of royalty fees related to this agreement. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company paid $416,667 of royalty fees through the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock.

In July 2002, Alpha modified the agreement to allow the Company to acquire the license agreement in advance of completing its registration statement and accepted a note as payment for the licensing fee and for the issuance of 5,000,000 shares of common stock in lieu of the original 10,000,000 shares. The value of these shares was based on $.50 per share, which was the issuance price for common stock under the Company’s private placement offering. In August 2003 and 2004, the agreement was further amended to extend the term of the note and to establish that minimum royalty payments shall begin after the note is settled.

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

4. Option to Acquire License (continued)

 

Alpha owns the patents to a new gas turbine engine system called Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine (DCGTE). Alpha is in the business of licensing the use of its DCGTE technology for many different applications, including the manufacture of heavy duty highway truck engines. Alpha and CNF Transportation (formerly Consolidated Freightways, Inc.) have an agreement to form and finance a potential 50/50 joint venture after the demonstration of a highway truck engine for the manufacture and marketing of heavy duty highway truck engines, both for the fleet of CNF Transportation and exclusive sales to the highway trucking industry. CNF Transportation is a large, over the road freight hauling company and manufacturer of heavy duty highway trucks. Upon the receipt of its licensing agreement with Alpha, the Company has assumed Alpha’s right to enter into this joint venture.

The Company has recognized $2,735,649 of research and development expense for the acquisition of the license agreement, as the license is exclusively for the development, manufacturing and sales of the DCGTE and has no future economic benefit relative to other research and development projects.

 

5. Prepaid Consulting Services Paid with Common Stock

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $172,500 to be amortized through June 2007 at $14,375 per month. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, $79,062 and $93,438, respectively, have been included in consulting expense.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $75,000 to be amortized through May 2007 at $12,500 per month. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, $56,250 and $18,750, respectively, have been included in consulting expense.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 109,091 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $120,000 to be amortized through July 2007 at $10,000 per month. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, $65,000 and $55,000, respectively, have been included in consulting expense.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 10,000 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $5,000 to be amortized through July 2007 at $417 per month. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, $2,708 and $2,292, respectively, have been included in consulting expense.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 10,000 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $5,000 to be amortized through September 2007 at $455 per month. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, $4,091 and $909, respectively, have been included in consulting expense.

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

5. Prepaid Consulting Services Paid with Common Stock (continued)

 

During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 25,000 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $17,500 and will be expensed when the services are provided at a future date. For the year ended December 31, 2007, no services have been provided under this agreement.

During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company entered into an agreement with a consultant to provide consulting services. In exchange for those services, the Company issued 1,300,000 shares of common stock. These shares were valued at $650,000 to be expensed upon the achievement of certain goals set forth in the agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2007, $650,000 has been included in consulting expense.

 

6. Furniture and equipment

Furniture and equipment at December 31, 2007 consist of the following:

 

Furniture and fixtures

     1,505

Equipment

     9,394

Leasehold improvements

     37,823
      
     48,722

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

     17,665
      
   $ 31,057
      

 

7. Options and warrants

During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company issued 538,413 warrants in conjunction with the issuance of common stock. The warrants entitle the holder to purchase 538,413 shares of the Company’s common stock, at any time, at exercise prices ranging from $0.43 to $1.00 per share and expire in 2009.

During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company issued 260,000 warrants in conjunction with the issuance of common stock. The warrants entitle the holder to purchase 260,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at any time, at an exercise price of $2.00 per share and expire in 2011.

For the periods ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company recognized $263,658 and $233,540 in compensation expense related to stock options issued to consultants and employees, which is included in the statements of operations.

The Company’s 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan authorizes up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock to any employee or Consultant during any one calendar year for grants of both incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options to key employees, officers, directors, and consultants. Options granted under the Plan must be exercised within a term determined by the Board of Directors. The Option Price payable for the shares of Common Stock covered by any Option shall be determined by the Board of Directors, provided that such exercise price shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant of the Option and shall not, in any event, be less than the par value of a Share on the date of grant of the Option.

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

7. Options and warrants (continued)

 

The fair value of each option under the 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan was estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes model that uses assumptions noted in the following table. Expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical market price at consistent points in a period equal to the expected life of the options. The expected term of options granted is derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. The risk-free interest rate for the periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

 

     2007     2006  

Expected volatility

   129.1% – 146.9 %   120.7% – 138.3 %

Expected dividends

   0     0  

Expected term

   2 years     1 – 2.5 years  

Risk-free rate

   3.04% – 4.87 %   4.68% – 4.85 %

 

     Shares     Range of Exercise
Prices
   Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value

Outstanding and Exercisable

       

Outstanding at December 31, 2006

   2,040,000     $ 0.50 – 2.00    $ 0.47

Options and warrants granted

   838,413     $ 0.43 – 1.00    $ 0.41

Options and warrants exercised

   (420,000 )   $ 0.50 – 0.60   

Options and warrants cancelled or expired

   (100,000 )   $ 0.50   
           

Outstanding at December 31, 2007

   2,358,413     $ .43 – $2.00   

Exercisable at December 31, 2007

   1,558,413     $ .43 – $2.00   

The following table summarizes information about options and warrants outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2007:

 

     Outstanding Options and Warrants    Exercisable Options and Warrants

Range of Exercise Price

   Number
Outstanding
   Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life
   Weighted
Average
Price
   Weighted
Average
Remaining

Life
   Number
Exercisable
   Weighted
Average
Price

$.50 - $2.00

   2,358,413    1.31 Years    $ 0.66    1.58 Years    1,558,413    $ 0.75

As of December 31, 2007 there were 1,558,143 options and warrants exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $0.75. The intrinsic value of both the exercisable and outstanding options and warrants at December 31, 2007, based on the quoted market rate of $0.40 per common share is $0. Intrinsic value is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the options.

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

7. Options and warrants (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2006 there were 840,000 options and warrants exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $1.00. The intrinsic value of both the exercisable and outstanding options and warrants at December 31, 2006, based on the quoted market rate of $0.45 per common share is $0.

Net cash proceeds from the exercise of options and warrants were $45,000 and $0, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2007, and 2006. The intrinsic value of options and warrants exercised was $0 and $0, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.

 

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Once the Company becomes operational it will be obligated to pay production royalties to Alpha at the rate of eight percent of net sales of the Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine. The minimum royalty amount is $250,000 per year, and the Company began accruing for the fee in February 2005. The royalty fee will be reduced by production royalties paid. Unpaid royalty fees amounted to $312,500 as of December 31, 2007.

On September 25, 2001, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Vladan Ivankovic whereby Mr. Ivankovic would act as intermediary on the European Union market, with interested manufacturers of trucks and truck engines, as well as manufacturers of other engines for all possible purposes, in order to locate partners interested in buying the Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine license for production and distribution. Mr. Ivankovic will receive compensation in the amount of six percent of all equities raised by Mr. Ivankovic. In addition, for all mergers and acquisitions introduced to the Company, Mr. Ivankovic would receive payment based on a sliding scale starting at six percent of the first $25,000,000; five percent of the next $25,000,000; four percent of the next $25,000,000; and three percent of the remaining enterprise value. Mr. Ivankovic has been authorized to choose potential partners and to conduct negotiations on behalf of the Company. As of December 31, 2007, Mr. Ivankovic has not raised any funds nor has he located any partners or merger or acquisition targets for the Company.

On July 1, 2002, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with the inventor of the Detonation Cycle Gas Turbine Engine and majority stockholder of Alpha. In connection with the consulting agreement, a $2,500 retainer per month is due for consulting services rendered. This agreement was cancelled as of April 2005, however, the Company has accrued $62,500 for unpaid retainer fees as of December 31, 2007. In addition, the Company agreed to pay the inventor $1,000 per day plus all out-of-pocket expenses for design and engineering services rendered. The inventor has not provided any design or engineering services through December 31, 2007.

On February 1, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University to complete a 3D model and certain modifications to the original Detonation Gas Turbine Engine in exchange for a fixed price amount. The Company has expensed $10,670 related to this agreement which expired on June 30, 2007. On August 31, 2007, the Company extended the original agreement through December 31, 2009 with a total additional amount not to exceed approximately $297,000. There were no additional costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007.

On May 31, 2006, the Company entered into a $10 million investment agreement with Dutchess Private Equities Fund, L.P. (“Dutchess”). Pursuant to the terms of the investment agreement, over the next three

 

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Table of Contents

Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

8. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

 

years the Company may at its discretion periodically sell (or “put”) to Dutchess shares of its common stock having an aggregate purchase price of up to $10 million. For each share of common stock sold under the investment agreement, Dutchess agreed to pay the Company 93% of the lowest closing bid price of the Company’s common stock during the 5 trading days immediately following the applicable put notice date. The Company may elect not to sell any shares to Dutchess at a price that is less than 75% of the closing bid price for the (10) trading days immediately preceding the applicable put notice date.

Under the terms of the Investment Agreement the Company may, every 7 trading days, sell to Dutchess common stock with a value equal to either $250,000 or 200% of the average daily trading volume of the common stock for the 10 trading days prior to the applicable put notice date multiplied by the average of the three daily closing bid prices immediately preceding the put notice date. Dutchess’s obligation to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock is subject to certain conditions, including the Company obtaining an effective registration statement for shares of common stock to be sold under the Investment Agreement. As of December 31, 2007, there has been no activity under this agreement.

On August 22, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with Renmark Financial Communications Financiers for consulting services in exchange for a monthly fee of 6,000 Canadian dollars. Currently, the Company is in the process of renegotiating the terms, therefore, no additional payments have been made during the year ended December 31, 2007.

The Company entered into a one year strategic alliance agreement with UTEK Corporation to identify technology acquisition opportunities for the Company. In exchange for these services, the Company issued 109,091 shares of unregistered common stock valued at $120,000 to UTEK Corporation, which is being amortized to expenses at $10,000 per month. During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company has expensed $65,000.

On August 2, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with Standart Capital SA, Inc. to raise at least $1 million and not more than $5 million through the sale of the Company’s common stock and to assist in locating a merger candidate. In exchange for these services, the Company shall pay a $50,000 retainer fee, 8% commission of the gross proceeds from the Regulation D offering, 8% fee for any cash paid for a merger candidate and 8% of the securities resulting from the merger that will be issued and outstanding following the merger. Also, the Company will pay $5,000 per month for general business development consulting, strategic planning and other consulting work. During 2007, the Company issued 25,000 shares of common stock related to the agreement (See Note 5).

The Company leases its corporate headquarters on a month-to-month basis. For the periods ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, rent expense was $41,800 and $21,726, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Air Papa Bravo, Corporation to lease an airplane hanger for the development of the prototype. The lease agreement is for a two year period with an option to extend the lease for a second two year term. The base rent is $2,000 per month and the lease agreement contains an option to purchase the facility for $310,000 at the expiration of the lease.

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

8. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

 

Future minimum lease payments are as follows:

 

2008

   24,000

2009

   12,000

During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant to provide the Company with financial and business consulting services and assist the Company in meeting its business objectives. In exchange for these services, the Company has agreed to issue the consultant 2,450,000 shares of common stock. Through December 31, 2007, the Company has issued the consultant 1,300,000 shares of common stock valued at $650,000. The remaining 1,150,000 shares of common stock will be issued upon the full completion of the contract objectives. Through December 31, 2007, 1,300,000 shares of common stock have been earned and $650,000 in consulting expense was recognized.

 

9. Income Taxes

Deferred taxes are recorded for all existing temporary differences in the Company’s assets and liabilities for income tax and financial reporting purposes. Due to the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, as noted below, there was no net deferred tax benefit or expense for the years ended December 31, 2007 or 2006.

There is no current or deferred income tax expense or benefit allocated to continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 or 2006 or the period November 27, 2000 (Date of inception) through December 31, 2007.

The provision for income taxes is different from that which would be obtained by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes. The items causing this difference are as follows:

 

     2007     2006  

Tax expense (benefit) at U.S. statutory rate

   $ (839,900 )   $ (498,100 )

State income tax expense (benefit), net of federal benefit

     (57,300 )     (44,600 )

Stock option expense

     302,600       79,400  

Effect of non-deductible expenses

     (8,000 )     800  

Change in valuation allowance

     602,600       462,500  
                
   $ —       $ —    
                

 

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Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.

(A Development Stage Enterprise)

Notes to Financial Statements

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

9. Income Taxes (continued)

 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2007 are as follows:

 

Deferred tax assets (liability), noncurrent:

  

Depreciation

     2,800  

License agreement

     633,500  

Capitalized start up costs

     1,959,400  

Net operating loss

     12,600  

Stock compensation

     85,300  

Contribution carryover

     500  

Valuation allowance

     (2,694,100 )
        
   $ —    
        

Since management of the Company believes that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset will not provide future benefit, the Company has established a 100 percent valuation allowance on the net deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2007.

As of December 31, 2007, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carry-forwards totaling approximately $33,000 which begin expiring in 2022.

 

10. Related Party Transactions

During the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company signed a note payable with a related party in the amount of $15,000. The balance at December 31, 2007 is $1,901. This note payable was unsecured, non-interest bearing and has no specific repayment terms, however, payment is not expected prior to December 31, 2008.

The due to related party account is made up of advances from the majority shareholder to assist the Company with its financial obligations. These advances are non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand.

As of December 31, 2007, accounts payable included $18,250 due to a director of the Company for various accounting services.

The above amounts are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that would have been incurred had comparable transactions been entered into with independent parties.

 

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Table of Contents

For the Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006,

and the Period November 27, 2000 (Date of Inception)

through December 31, 2007

 

11. Subsequent Event

The Company entered into a Merger and Exchange Agreement (the Agreement) dated February 6, 2008 with High Point Acquisition, Inc. a Florida corporation. The Agreement provides that the Company will redomicile from Delaware to Nevada and will complete a reverse split of its common stock shares on a 1:11.3486 basis. After a two pronged merger process, the shareholders of the Company will own 9.09% of the new parent company, High Point Transport, Inc., a Nevada corporation and a new corporation, Turbine Truck Engines NV, Inc. will become a wholly owned subsidiary, into which all of the assets and business of Turbine Truck Engines will be transferred. All of our officers and directors will resign and be replaced, with the exception of our CEO Michael Rouse, who will remain as a director of the parent company.

As material consideration, High Point Transport, Inc. will use its best efforts to fund the Turbine Truck subsidiary in the amount of $1 million over the next 12 month period. In the event that such funding is not received, High Point Transport, Inc. will, at its expense, complete and file a registration statement to register a distribution of shares back to our original shareholders. If partial funding is provided (less than $1 million), the 9.99% of the shares to be left with the parent will be reduced pro-rata based upon the actual funds received. In the event no funding is received, the Turbine Truck subsidiary will be subject to the registration statement and no shares will remain with the parent and our shareholders will retain their 9.09% interest in the parent.

As of the date of the this filing, the transaction has not closed, and there remains uncertainty as to when, if ever, the transaction will close, as the transaction is subject to approval by the Company’s shareholders.

 

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Table of Contents
ITEM 8. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

 

ITEM 8A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and acting Chief Financial Officer has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the fiscal period ending December 31, 2007 covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB. Based upon such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and acting Chief Financial Officer has concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as required under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. This conclusion by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and acting Chief Financial Officer does not relate to reporting periods after December 31, 2007.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) of the Company. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

Management, under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and acting Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2007 under the criteria set forth in the Internal Control—Integrated Framework.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Management has determined that material weaknesses exist due to the lack of an independent Audit Committee Chair, as well as a lack of segregation of duties, resulting from the Company’s limited resources.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the SEC that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB.

 

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Table of Contents

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

No change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

ITEM 8B OTHER INFORMATION

None

Part III

 

ITEM 9. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

Set forth below is certain information concerning the directors and executive officers of the Company.

 

Name

  

Age

  

Position

Michael Rouse    51    Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer And Principal Financial Officer)
James A. Teters, Jr.    51    President, COO and Director
Phyllis J. Rouse    49    Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and Director

Biographies

Michael Rouse is the founder of the Company and currently serves as its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Rouse is Vice President of Cox-Rouse Construction & Development Corporation, a commercial real estate developer located in Deland, Florida. Mr. Rouse is a commercial building contractor and developer, and licensed commercial aircraft pilot. Mr. Rouse was President of M&D Aircraft Leasing and Skydive Palatka, a successful parachute center, from October 1995 to June 2002, until he sold Skydive Palatka. He received his schooling in Management Training at United States Steel Corporation in 1975; Computer Programming at Daytona Beach Community College in 1993; and Science, Art and Drafting at Valpraiso Industrial Arts School in 1973. He is a former Production Manager for United States Steel, and General Manager of Freefall Express, Inc., an airplane leasing company, from 1989 to 1990.

James A. Teters, Jr. serves as a Director. Currently, Mr. Teters is Vice President and Regional Sales Manager for Aurum Technology, Orlando, Florida, responsible for identifying, qualifying, and sales for a complete line of products to financial institutions from December 2002 to present. Mr. Teters was President of Turbine Truck Engines where he developed, implemented and executed marketing and sales strategy for VC presentations from May 2002 to November 2002. Mr. Teters was Vice President, Sales for Incurrent Solutions, Inc., Orlando, Florida,

 

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responsible for identifying, strategizing and closing sales for ASP and in-house Internet based customer care from January 2001 to April 2002. Mr. Teters started as Regional Manager; Strategic Business Development responsible for specialty sales generated to target banks with $1 - $10 billion in assets with a focus on outsourced core processing and was promoted to National Sales, Senior Sales Executive responsible for identifying, qualifying, strategizing and managing in-house and service bureau sales from December 1999 – July 2000. Director of Business Development for Phoenix International, Inc., Heathrow, Florida, responsible for creating new sales opportunities and closing fourth generation client/server based banking software from January 1998 – December 1999.

Phyllis J. Rouse serves as the Company’s Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and as a Director. From 1997 to present, Mrs. Rouse is a public school administrator at Yulee Elementary School in Yulee, Florida. She has extensive administrative experience and training in accountability for all budgets, curriculum, student performance, personnel, facilities, discipline, while supervising over 70 personnel and 650 students on a daily basis. Mrs. Rouse is the sister-in-law of Michael Rouse.

AUDIT COMMITTEE

The Audit Committee consists of Michael Rouse and Rebecca McDonald, Chief Accounting Officer. The Audit Committee selects the independent auditors; reviews the results and scope of the audit and other services provided by the Company’s independent auditors and reviews and evaluate the Company’s internal control functions. The board of directors has determined that Rebecca McDonald is the audit committee “financial expert”; as such term is defined under federal securities law, and is independent. Ms. McDonald is an expert by virtue of: (i) education and experience as a principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller, public accountant or auditor or experience in one or more positions that involve the performance of similar functions; (ii) experience actively supervising a principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller, public accountant, auditor or person performing similar functions; (iii) experience overseeing or assessing the performance of companies or public accountants with respect to the preparation, auditing or evaluation of financial statements; and (iv) other relevant experience.

 

ITEM 10. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The following table sets forth information concerning the aggregate compensation paid or to be paid by the Company to its executive officers.

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

 

Name and Principal
Position

   Year    Salary ($)    Bonus ($)    Stock Awards ($)    Option
Awards ($)
   Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
   Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
($)
   All Other
Compensation
($)
   Total ($)

Michael Rouse,
President, CEO, Chairman of the Board

   2007

2006

   $

$

100,000

52,000

   0

0

    

 

0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   $

$

100,000

52,000

James A. Teters, Jr.
President, COO and Director

   2007

2006

   $

 

52,000

0

   0

0

   $

$

27,987

27,987

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   $

$

79,987

27,987

Phyllis J. Rouse
Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and Director

   2007

2006

   $

 

52,000

0

   0

0

   $

$

27,987

27,987

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   $

$

79,987

27,987

Jay G. Hilden
Former President

   2007

2006

    

 

0

0

   0

0

    

 

0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

   0

0

    

 

0

0

 

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OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT DECEMBER 31, 2007

 

     Option Awards    Stock Awards

Name

   Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
   Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
   Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options (#)
   Option
Exercise
Price ($
   Option
Expiration
Date
   Number
of
Shares
of Stock
That
Have
Not
Vested
(#)
   Market
Value
of
Shares
of
Stock
That
Have
Not
Vested
($)
   Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number
of
Unearned
Shares or
Other
Rights
That
Have Not
Vested
(#)
   Equity Incentive Plan
Awards: Market or
Payout Value of
Unearned Shares or
Other Rights That
Have Note Vested ($)

James A. Teters, Jr.

   100,000          $ 0.60    9/26/08            

Phyllis J. Rouse

   100,000          $ 0.60    9/26/08            

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Directors receive no compensation for serving on the Board. Some of the Company’s non-employee directors receive options to purchase shares of common stock at the market price on the date they are granted, reimbursement of expenses incurred consequential to their service and may receive additional options at the discretion of the Board.

The following table summarizes compensation paid to all of our non-employee directors:

 

Name

   Fees
Earned or
Paid in
Cash

($)
   Stock
Awards

($)
   Option
Awards

($)
    Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation

($)
   Change in
Pension Value
and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings

($)
   All Other
Compensation

($)
   Total
($)

James A. Teters, Jr.

   $ —      $ —      $ 27,987 (1)   $ —      $ —      $ —      $ 27,987

Phyllis J. Rouse

   $ —      $ —      $ 27,987 (1)   $ —      $ —      $ —      $ 27,987

 

(1) Includes grants made on September 26, 2006 for 100,000 options each at a strike price of $.60 that expire September 26, 2008.

(A) Reflects the grant date fair value calculated in accordance with FAS 123(R). The following assumptions were used for the year ended December 31, 2007 (1) risk-free interest rate of 4.68%, (2) no dividend yield, (3) expected lives of 1 year, and (4) volatility of 120.7%. Results may vary depending on the assumptions applied within the model. Compensation expense recognized in providing pro forma disclosures may not be representative of the effects on net income for future years.

 

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Table of Contents
ITEM 11. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The following table sets forth certain information as of December 31, 2007, with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock by each beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, each director, each executive officer named in the “Summary Compensation Table” and all executive officers and directors of the Company as a group, and sets forth the number of shares of common stock owned by each such person and group. Unless otherwise indicated, the owners have sole voting and investment power with respect to their respective shares.

 

Name of Beneficial Owner

   Number of
Shares

Beneficially
Owned
   Percentage of
Outstanding Common
Stock Owned
 

Michael Rouse

   4,300,055    24.26 %

Alpha Engines Corporation (1)

   4,939,803    27.87 %

Phyllis J. Rouse (2)

   150,000    0.85 %

James A. Teters, Jr.

   290,000    1.64 %

All directors and executive officers as a group (4 persons)

   9,679,858    54.62 %

 

1. Robert L. and Barbara J. Scragg are majority shareholders of Alpha, the Licensor of our company. Alpha Engines has granted Michael Rouse a proxy to vote all of its beneficially owned shares of the Company’s common stock.
2. Phyllis J. Rouse is the sister-in-law of Michael Rouse.

 

ITEM 12. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

None

 

ITEM 13. EXHIBITS

(a) Exhibits included herewith are:

 

31.1

  Certification of the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Financial Officer (This certification required as Exhibit 31 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K is filed as Exhibit 99.1 pursuant to SEC interim filing guidance.) (2)

31.2

  Certification of the Principal Accounting Officer (This certification required as Exhibit 31 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K is filed as Exhibit 99.2 pursuant to SEC interim filing guidance.) (2)

32

  Written Statements of the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer (This certification required as Exhibit 32 under Item 601(a) of Regulation S-K is furnished in accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(iii) of Regulation S-K as Exhibit 99.3 pursuant to SEC interim filing guidance.) (2)

(b) Reports on Form 8-K –

 

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Table of Contents
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Audit Fees

During 2007 and 2006, we were billed by our accountants, Pender Newkirk & Company, approximately $44,322 and $33,238 for audit and review fees associated with our 10-KSB and 10-QSB filings.

Tax Fees

During 2007 and 2006, we were billed by our accountants, Pender Newkirk & Company, approximately $0 and $0 for tax work.

All Other Fees

During 2007 and 2006, we were billed by our accountants, Pender Newkirk & Company, approximately $0 and $3,275 for other work.

Board of Directors Pre-Approval Process, Policies and Procedures

Our principal auditors have performed their audit procedures in accordance with pre-approved policies and procedures established by our Board of Directors. Our principal auditors have informed our Board of Directors of the scope and nature of each service provided. With respect to the provisions of services other than audit, review, or attest services, our principal accountants brought such services to the attention of our Board of Directors prior to commencing such services.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

    TURBINE TRUCK ENGINES, INC.
Dated: April 14, 2008   By:  

/s/ Michael Rouse

   

Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board

(Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

Dated: April 14, 2008   By:  

/s/ Rebecca A. McDonald

    Principal Accounting Officer

 

45

EX-31.1 2 dex311.htm CERT Cert

Exhibit 31.1

I, Michael Rouse, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-KSB of Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the small business issuer as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The small business issuer’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and have:

 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the small business issuer, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the small business issuer’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the small business issuer’s most recent fiscal quarter (the small business issuer’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The small business issuer’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the small business issuer’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the small business issuer’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: April 14, 2008
/s/ Michael Rouse
Chief Executive Officer & Chairman of the
Board (Principal Executive Officer and
Principal Financial Officer)

 

EX-31.2 3 dex312.htm CERT Cert

Exhibit 31.2

I, Rebecca A. McDonald, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-KSB of Turbine Truck Engines, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the small business issuer as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The small business issuer’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the small business issuer and have:

 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the small business issuer, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the small business issuer’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the small business issuer’s most recent fiscal quarter (the small business issuer’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The small business issuer’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the small business issuer’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the small business issuer’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the small business issuer’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: April 14, 2008
By:   /s/ Rebecca A. McDonald
  Principal Accounting Officer

 

EX-32 4 dex32.htm CERT Cert

Exhibit 32

WRITTEN STATEMENT OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Solely for the purposes of complying with 18 U.S.C. §1350, I, the undersigned Chief Executive Officer of Turbine Truck Engines, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certify that the Annual Report on Form 10-KSB of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2007, (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

Date: April 14, 2008
By:   /s/ Michael Rouse
  Chief Executive Officer & Chairman of
the Board (Principal Executive Officer and
Principal Financial Officer)

 

Date: April 14, 2008
By:   /s/ Rebecca A. McDonald
  Principal Accounting Officer

 

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