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Fair value of financial instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Text Block [Abstract]  
Fair value of financial instruments
Note 28 – Fair value of financial instruments
In cases where market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using discounted cash flows or other valuation techniques. These techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions adopted, including the discount rate and estimate of future cash flows. The estimated fair value obtained through these techniques cannot be substantiated by comparison with independent markets and, in many cases, cannot be achieved on immediate settlement of the instrument.
The following table summarizes the book values and estimated fair values for financial instruments:
 
          
12/31/2021
   
12/31/2020
 
          
Book value
   
Fair value
   
Book value
   
Fair value 
(*)
 
Financial assets
          
 
1,915,573
 
 
 
1,916,325
 
 
 
1,851,322
 
 
 
1,861,146
 
At Amortized Cost
          
 
1,375,782
 
 
 
1,376,534
 
 
 
1,275,799
 
 
 
1,285,623
 
Central Bank compulsory deposits
     (a     104,592       104,592       90,059       90,059  
Interbank deposits
     (b     69,942       70,112       55,685       55,883  
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
     (a     169,718       169,718       239,943       239,943  
Voluntary investments with the Central Bank of Brazil
     (a     5,800       5,800       —         —    
Securities
     (c     147,746       147,219       129,804       131,159  
Loan and Financial Lease
     (d     822,590       823,699       714,104       722,375  
Other financial assets
     (e     96,473       96,473       93,255       93,255  
(-) Provision for Expected Loss
             (41,079     (41,079     (47,051     (47,051
At Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income
          
 
105,622
 
 
 
105,622
 
 
 
109,942
 
 
 
109,942
 
Securities
     (c     105,622       105,622       109,942       109,942  
At Fair Value Through Profit or Loss
          
 
434,169
 
 
 
434,169
 
 
 
465,581
 
 
 
465,581
 
Securities
     (c     364,967       364,967       389,071       389,071  
Derivatives
     (c     69,045       69,045       76,504       76,504  
Other financial assets
             157       157       6       6  
Financial liabilities
          
 
1,621,786
 
 
 
1,622,317
 
 
 
1,579,686
 
 
 
1,581,953
 
At Amortized Cost
          
 
1,553,107
 
 
 
1,553,638
 
 
 
1,495,641
 
 
 
1,497,908
 
Deposits
     (b     850,372       850,277       809,010       808,965  
Securities sold under repurchase agreements
     (a     252,848       252,848       273,364       273,364  
Interbank market funds
     (b     177,145       177,181       156,035       156,106  
Institutional market funds
     (b     138,636       139,226       138,308       140,549  
Other financial liabilities
     (e     134,106       134,106       118,924       118,924  
At Fair Value Through Profit or Loss
          
 
63,479
 
 
 
63,479
 
 
 
79,653
 
 
 
79,653
 
Derivatives
     (c     63,204       63,204       79,505       79,505  
Structured notes
             114       114       143       143  
Other financial liabilities
             161       161       5       5  
Provision for Expected Loss
          
 
5,200
 
 
 
5,200
 
 
 
4,392
 
 
 
4,392
 
Loan Commitments
             4,433       4,433       3,485       3,485  
Financial Guarantees
             767       767       907       907  
 
(*)
In the period, the result of Derivatives, as well as Adjustment to Fair Value of Financial Assets (particularly private securities) had their amounts affected by oscillations of rates and other market variables arising from the impact of the
COVID-19
pandemic on the macroeconomic scenario in the period (Note 33a).
Financial instruments not included in the Balance Sheet (Note 32) are represented by Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees provided, which amount to R$ 128,683 (R$ 110,410 at 12/31/2020) with an estimated fair value of R$ 217 (R$ 520 at 12/31/2020).
 
The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value are defined below:
 
a)
Central Bank deposits, Securities purchased under agreements to resell and Securities sold under repurchase agreements –
The carrying amounts for these instruments are close to their fair values.
 
b)
Interbank deposits, Deposits, Interbank and Institutional Market Funds –
they are calculated by
discounting estimated cash flows at market interest rates.
 
c)
Securities and Derivatives –
Under normal conditions, the prices quoted in the market are the best
indicators of the fair values of these financial instruments. However, not all instruments have liquidity or quoted market prices and, in such cases, it is necessary to adopt present value estimates and other techniques to establish their fair value. In the absence of prices quoted by the Brazilian Association of Financial and Capital Markets Entities (ANBIMA), the fair values of government securities are calculated by discounting estimated cash flows at market interest rates, as well as corporate securities.
 
d)
Loans and financial leases –
Fair value is estimated for groups of loans with similar financial and risk
characteristics, using valuation models. The fair value of fixed-rate loans was determined by discounting estimated cash flows, at interest rates applicable to similar loans. For the majority of loans at floating rates, the carrying amount was considered to be close to their market value. The fair value of loan and lease operations not overdue was calculated by discounting the expected payments of principal and interest to maturity. The fair value of overdue loan and lease transactions was based on the discount of estimated cash flows, using a rate proportional to the risk associated with the estimated cash flows, or on the underlying collateral. The assumptions for cash flows and discount rates rely on information available in the market and knowledge of the individual debtor.
 
e)
Other financial assets / liabilities
– primarily composed of receivables from credit card issuers, deposits in
guarantee for contingent liabilities, provisions and legal obligations and trading and intermediation of securities. The carrying amounts for these assets/liabilities substantially approximate to their fair values, since they principally represent amounts to be received in the short term from credit card holders and to be paid to credit card issuers, deposits in guarantee (indexed to market rates) made by ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING to secure lawsuits or very short-term receivables (generally with a maturity of approximately 5 business days). All of these items represent assets / liabilities without significant associated market, credit or liquidity risks.
Level
 1:
Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active
markets. An active market is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability being measured occur often enough and with sufficient volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
 
Level
 2:
Input that is not observable for the asset or liability either directly or indirectly. Level 2 generally
includes: (i) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; (ii) quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, that is, markets in which there are few transactions for the asset or liability, the prices are not current, or quoted prices vary substantially either over time or among market makers, or in which little information is released publicly; (iii) inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (for example, interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, etc.); (iv) inputs that are mainly derived from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or by other means.
Level
 3:
Inputs are not observable for the asset or liability. Unobservable information is used to measure fair
value to the extent that observable information is not available, thus allowing for situations in which there is little, or no market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, including Derivatives, and at fair value through other comprehensive income:
Level
 1:
Securities with prices available in an active market and derivatives traded on stock exchanges. This
classification level includes most of the Brazilian government securities, government securities form other countries, shares, debentures with price published by ANBIMA and other securities traded in an active market.
Level
 2:
Bonds, securities and derivatives that do not have price information available and are priced based on
conventional or internal models. The inputs used by these models are captured directly or built from observations of active markets. Most of derivatives traded
over-the-counter,
certain Brazilian government bonds, debentures and other private securities whose credit component effect is not considered relevant, are at this level.
Level
 3:
Bonds, securities and derivatives for which pricing inputs are generated by statistical and mathematical
models. Debentures and other private securities that do not fit into level 2 rule and derivatives with maturities greater than the last observable vertices of the discount curves are at this level.
All the above methods may result in a fair value that is not indicative of the net realizable value or future fair values. However, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING believes that all the method used are appropriate and consistent with other market participants. Moreover, the adoption of different methods or assumptions to estimate fair value may result in different fair value estimates at the balance sheet date.
 
Distribution by level
The following table presents the breakdown of fair value hierarchy levels.
 
    
12/31/2021
  
12/31/2020
    
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
    
 
259,868
      
 
100,492
      
 
1,563
      
 
361,923
      
 
312,572
      
 
70,791
      
 
1,968
      
 
385,331
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Investment funds
       653          19,486          —            20,139          576          13,628          —            14,204  
Brazilian government securities
       215,405          6,350          —            221,755          279,180          6,705          —            285,885  
Government securities – other countries
    
 
5,561
      
 
—  
      
 
—  
      
 
5,561
      
 
8,210
      
 
—  
      
 
—  
      
 
8,210
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Argentina
       930          —            —            930          1,498          —            —            1,498  
Chile
       837          —            —            837          840          —            —            840  
Colombia
       1,059          —            —            1,059          3,603          —            —            3,603  
United States
       2,671          —            —            2,671          2,085          —            —            2,085  
Italy
       —            —            —            —            130          —            —            130  
Mexico
       19          —            —            19          5          —            —            5  
Paraguay
       10          —            —            10          3          —            —            3  
Peru
       8          —            —            8          5          —            —            5  
Uruguay
       27          —            —            27          41          —            —            41  
Corporate securities
    
 
38,249
      
 
74,656
      
 
1,563
      
 
114,468
      
 
24,606
      
 
50,458
      
 
1,968
      
 
77,032
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Shares
       14,355          5,002          —            19,357          14,176          4,871          —            19,047  
Rural product note
       —            6,791          61          6,852          —            2,285          64          2,349  
Bank deposit certificates
       —            150          —            150          —            729          —            729  
Real estate receivables certificates
       —            1,009          3          1,012          —            —            548          548  
Debentures
       18,638          45,672          1,478          65,788          7,962          20,625          1,350          29,937  
Eurobonds and others
       5,244          1          8          5,253          2,383          —            —            2,383  
Financial bills
       —            10,098          13          10,111          —            15,777          6          15,783  
Promissory and commercial notes
       —            4,684          —            4,684          —            5,616          —            5,616  
Other
       12          1,249          —            1,261          85          555          —            640  
Other Financial Assets
       —            157          —            157          —            6          —            6  
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
    
 
104,018
      
 
1,604
      
 
—  
      
 
105,622
      
 
108,018
      
 
1,924
      
 
—  
      
 
109,942
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Brazilian government securities
       68,457          1,185          —            69,642          66,701          1,248          —            67,949  
Government securities – other countries
    
 
30,194
      
 
—  
      
 
—  
      
 
30,194
      
 
34,402
      
 
—  
      
 
—  
      
 
34,402
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Argentina
       405          —            —            405          —            —            —            —    
Chile
       19,734          —            —            19,734          21,651          —            —            21,651  
Colombia
       1,847          —            —            1,847          3,986          —            —            3,986  
United States
       4,518          —            —            4,518          3,750          —            —            3,750  
Mexico
       1,022          —            —            1,022          1,181          —            —            1,181  
Paraguay
       1,459          —            —            1,459          2,947          —            —            2,947  
Uruguay
       1,209          —            —            1,209          887          —            —            887  
Corporate securities
    
 
5,367
      
 
419
      
 
—  
      
 
5,786
      
 
6,915
      
 
676
      
 
—  
      
 
7,591
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Shares
       743          —            —            743          1,382          —            —            1,382  
Bank deposit certificates
       —            131          —            131          109          198          —            307  
Debentures
       134          217          —            351          419          470          —            889  
Eurobonds and others
       4,490          8          —            4,498          5,005          8          —            5,013  
Financial credit bills
       —            6          —            6          —            —            —            —    
Other
       —            57          —            57          —            —            —            —    
Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss
    
 
3,044
      
 
—  
      
 
—  
      
 
3,044
      
 
3,740
      
 
—  
      
 
—  
      
 
3,740
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Brazilian external debt bonds
       3,044          —            —            3,044          3,740          —            —            3,740  
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
    
 
—  
      
 
161
      
 
—  
      
 
161
      
 
—  
      
 
5
      
 
—  
      
 
5
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Other financial liabilities
       —            161          —            161          —            5          —            5  
Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss
    
 
—  
      
 
114
      
 
—  
      
 
114
      
 
—  
      
 
143
      
 
—  
      
 
143
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
      
 
 
 
Structured notes
       —            114          —            114          —            143          —            143  
The following table presents the breakdown of fair value hierarchy levels for derivative assets and liabilities.
 
    
12/31/2021
   
12/31/2020
 
    
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Assets
  
 
6
 
 
 
68,887
 
 
 
152
 
 
 
69,045
 
 
 
23
 
 
 
76,376
 
 
 
105
 
 
 
76,504
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Swap Contracts – adjustment receivable
     —         37,924       90       38,014       —         45,926       93       46,019  
Option Contracts
     3       21,187       62       21,252       4       20,402       12       20,418  
Forward Contracts
     —         3,111       —         3,111       —         2,085       —         2,085  
Credit derivatives
     —         242       —         242       —         156       —         156  
NDF - Non Deliverable Forward
     —         5,943       —         5,943       —         7,596       —         7,596  
Other derivative financial instruments
       3       480       —         483       19       211       —         230  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Liabilities
  
 
(3
 
 
(63,076
 
 
(125
 
 
(63,204
 
 
(22
 
 
(79,373
 
 
(110
 
 
(79,505
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Swap Contracts – adjustment payable
     —         (34,535     (111     (34,646     —         (51,680     (109     (51,789
Option Contracts
     (2     (22,531     (14     (22,547     (13     (20,248     (1     (20,262
Forward Contracts
     —         (762     —         (762     —         (905     —         (905
Credit derivatives
     —         (198     —         (198     —         (76     —         (76
NDF - Non Deliverable Forward
     —         (4,896     —         (4,896     —         (6,426     —         (6,426
Other derivative financial instruments
     (1     (154     —         (155     (9     (38     —         (47
There were no significant transfer between Level 1 and Level 2 during the periods of 12/31/2021 and 12/31/2020. Transfers to and from Level 3 are presented in movements of Level 3.
 
Governance of Level 3 recurring fair value measurement
The departments in charge of defining and applying the pricing models are segregated from the business areas. The models are documented, submitted to validation by an independent area and approved by a specific committee. The daily process of price capture, calculation and disclosure is periodically checked according to formally defined tests and criteria and the information is stored in a single corporate data base.
The most frequent cases of assets classified as Level 3 are justified by the discount factors used and corporate bonds whose credit component is relevant. Factors such as the fixed interest curve in Brazilian Reais and the TR coupon curve – and, as a result, their related factors – have inputs with terms shorter than the maturities of fixed-income assets.
 
Level 3 recurring fair value changes
The tables below show balance sheet changes for financial instruments classified by ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Derivative financial instruments classified in Level 3 correspond to other derivatives indexed to shares.
 
         
Total gains or losses (realized /

unrealized)
                               
   
Fair value at

12/31/2020
   
Recognized in

income
   
Recognized in

other

comprehensive

income
   
Purchases
   
Settlements
   
Transfers in

and /or out of

Level
   
Fair value

at
12/31/2021
   
Total Gains or Losses

(Unrealized)
 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
 
 
1,968
 
 
 
(505
 
 
—  
 
 
 
1,993
 
 
 
(865
 
 
(1,028
 
 
1,563
 
 
 
(434
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Corporate securities
 
 
1,968
 
 
 
(505
 
 
—  
 
 
 
1,993
 
 
 
(865
 
 
(1,028
 
 
1,563
 
 
 
(434
Real estate receivables certificates
    548       (167     —         1,039       (616     (801     3       —    
Debentures
    1,350       (313     —         855       (211     (203     1,478       (432
Rural Product Note
    64       (15     —         62       (32     (18     61       —    
Eurobonds and other
    —         (9     —         23       (6     —         8       (2
Financial bills
    6       (1     —         14       —         (6     13       —    
 
         
Total gains or losses (realized /

unrealized)
                               
   
Fair value at

12/31/2020
   
Recognized in

income
   
Recognized in

other

comprehensive

income
   
Purchases
   
Settlements
   
Transfers in

and / or out of

Level
   
Fair value

at

12/31/2021
   
Total Gains or Losses

(Unrealized)
 
Derivatives – assets
 
 
105
 
 
 
46
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
327
 
 
 
(284
 
 
(42
 
 
152
 
 
 
56
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Swap Contracts – adjustment receivable
    93       26       —         56       (43     (42     90       90  
Option Contracts
    12       20       —         271       (241     —         62       (34
Derivatives – liabilities
 
 
(110
 
 
72
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(233
 
 
148
 
 
 
(2
 
 
(125
 
 
(24
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Swap Contracts – adjustment payable
    (109     8       —         (30     22       (2     (111     (46
Option Contracts
    (1     64       —         (203     126       —         (14     22  
 
         
Total gains or losses (realized /

unrealized)
                               
   
Fair value at

12/31/2019
   
Recognized in

income
   
Recognized in

other

comprehensive

income
   
Purchases
   
Settlements
   
Transfers in

and / or out of

Level
   
Fair value

at

12/31/2020
   
Total Gains or Losses

(Unrealized)
 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
 
 
1,719
 
 
 
(1,160
 
 
—  
 
 
 
1,619
 
 
 
(779
 
 
569
 
 
 
1,968
 
 
 
(700
Corporate securities
 
 
1,719
 
 
 
(1,160
 
 
—  
 
 
 
1,619
 
 
 
(779
 
 
569
 
 
 
1,968
 
 
 
(700
Real estate receivables certificates
    1,444       (726     —         263       (433     —         548       (14
Debentures
    225       (369     —         1,050       (272     716       1,350       (635
Rural Product Note
    —         (55     —         227       (19     (89     64       (51
Eurobonds and other
    7       (6     —         69       (12     (58     —         —    
Financial bills
    13       (2     —         —         (5     —         6       —    
Other
    30       (2     —         10       (38     —         —         —    
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
 
 
34
 
 
 
5
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
298
 
 
 
(221
 
 
(116
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Corporate securities
   
34
     
5
      —        
298
     
(221
)
 
   
(116
)
 
   
  
      —    
Real estate receivables certificates
    26       —         —         —         (26     —         —         —    
Debentures
    —         (2     6       50       (54     —         —         —    
Eurobonds and other
    8       7       (6     248       (141     (116     —         —    
 
         
Total gains or losses (realized /

unrealized)
                               
   
Fair value at

12/31/2019
   
Recognized in

income
   
Recognized in

other

comprehensive

income
   
Purchases
   
Settlements
   
Transfers in

and / or out of

Level
   
Fair value

at

12/31/2020
   
Total Gains or Losses

(Unrealized)
 
Derivatives – Assets
 
 
103
 
 
 
89
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
193
 
 
 
(234
 
 
(46
 
 
105
 
 
 
51
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Swap Contracts – adjustment receivable
    32       107       —         10       (11     (45     93       91  
Option Contracts
    71       (18     —         183       (223     (1     12       (40
Derivatives – Liabilities
 
 
(85
 
 
(93
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(130
 
 
177
 
 
 
21
 
 
 
(110
 
 
(90
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Swap Contracts – adjustment payable
    (46     (74     —         (12     1       22       (109     (90
Option Contracts
    (39     (19     —         (118     176       (1     (1     —    
 
Sensitivity analysis of Level 3 operations
The fair value of financial instruments classified in Level 3 is measured through valuation techniques based on correlations and associated products traded in active markets, internal estimates and internal models.
Significant unobservable inputs used for measurement of the fair value of instruments classified in Level 3 are: interest rates, underlying asset prices and volatility. Significant variations in any of these inputs separately may give rise to substantial changes in the fair value.
The table below shows the sensitivity of these fair values in scenarios of changes of interest rates or, asset prices, or in scenarios with varying shocks to prices and volatilities for nonlinear assets:
 
Sensitivity – Level 3 Operations
  
12/31/2021
    
12/31/2020
 
         
Impact
          
Impact
 
Market risk factor groups
  
Scenarios
  
Income
   
Stockholders’

equity
    
Income
   
Stockholders’

equity
 
Interest rates
  
I
     (1.5     —          (0.8     —    
  
II
     (38.2     —          (19.8     —    
  
III
     (76.4     —          (38.2     —    
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Commodities, Index and Shares
  
I
     —         —          —         —    
  
II
     —         —          —         —    
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Nonlinear
  
I
     (56.5     —          (8.3     —    
  
II
     (93.3     —          (11.6     —    
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
The following scenarios are used to measure sensitivity:
Interest rate
Based on reasonably possible changes in assumptions of 1, 25 and 50 basis points (scenarios I, II and III respectively) applied to the interest curves, both up and down, taking the largest losses resulting in each scenario.
Commodities, Index and Shares
Based on reasonably possible changes in assumptions of 5 and 10 percentage points (scenarios I and II respectively) applied to share prices, both up and down, taking the largest losses resulting in each scenario.
Nonlinear
Scenario I:
Based on reasonably possible changes in assumptions of 5 percentage points on prices and 25
percentage points on the volatility level, both up and down, taking the largest losses resulting in each scenario.
Scenario II:
Based on reasonably possible changes in assumptions of 10 percentage points on prices and 25
percentage points on the volatility level, both up and down, taking the largest losses resulting in each scenario.