EX-99.1 2 v430354_ex99-1.htm EXHIBIT 99.1

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

 

 

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

OBJECTIVE 4
   
KEY INDICATORS 4
     
1 RISK AND CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 5
1.1 Organizational Structure 5
1.2 Risk and Capital Governance 5
     
2 CAPITAL 6
2.1 Capital Management 6
2.2 Capital Requirements in Place and in Progress 6
2.3 Capital Composition 8
2.4 Risk-Weighted Asset (RWA) 9
  Risk-Weighted Assets for Credit Risk (RWACPAD) 10
  Risk-Weighted Assets for Market Risk (RWAMPAD) 10
  Risk-Weighted Assets for Operational Risk (RWAOPAD) 11
2.5 Leverage Ratio 12
2.6 Capital Adequacy 13
     
3 BALANCE SHEET 14
  Balance Sheet 14
  Institutions that comprises the Financial Statements of Itaú Unibanco Holding 16
  Material entities 17
     
4 INVESTMENTS IN OTHER ENTITIES 18
4.1 Investments in other entities not classified in the trading book 18
     
5 CREDIT RISK 19
5.1 Framework and Treatment 19
5.2 Credit Portfolio Analysis 21
  Operations with Credit Granting Characteristics by Brazil Geographic Regions and by Countries 21
  Operations with Credit Granting Characteristics by Economic Sector 22
  Remaining maturity of loan transactions 23
  Concentration on the Major Debtors 23
  Overdue Amounts 24
  Allowance for Loan Losses 24
  Mitigating Instruments 25
  Counterparty Credit Risk 26
  Acquisitions, Sale or Transfer of Financial Assets 27
  Operations of Securitization 28
  Credit Derivatives 29
     
6 MARKET RISK 30
6.1 Framework and Treatment 30
6.2 Portfolio Analysis 33
  Interest rate risk in the non-trading book 33
  Evolution of the Trading Portfolio 34
  Evolution of the Derivatives Portfolio 34
  VaR - Consolidated Itaú Unibanco 35
  VaR - Trading Portfolio 35
  VaR - Foreign Units 36
  Backtesting 37

 

  

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Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

 

7 OPERATIONAL RISK 38
7.1 Framework and Treatment 38
7.2 Crisis Management and Business Continuity 39
     
8 LIQUIDITY RISK 40
8.1 Framework and Treatment 40
8.2 Primary Sources of Funding 40
     
9 OTHER RISKS 41
  Insurance products, pension plans and “capitalização” risks 41
  Social and Environmental Risk 41
  Risk Regulatory Risk 42
  Model Risk 42
  Country Risk 42
  Business and Strategy Risk 43
  Reputational Risk 43
     
10 ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT AND ALIGNMENT OF INCENTIVES 45
  Risk Appetite 45
  Stress Test 45
  Risk-adjusted Compensation 45
     
11 APPENDIX I 47
     
12 GLOSSARIES 50
12.1 Glossary of Acronyms 50
12.2 Glossary of Norms 52

 

  

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Objective

 

This document aims at submitting Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A. (Itaú Unibanco) information required by the Central Bank of Brazil (BACEN) through Circulars 3,678 and 3,716, which address the disclosure of information on risks management, calculation of risk-weighted assets (RWA), and calculation of the Referential Equity (PR), consistently with the new capital rules and in accordance with Itaú Unibanco’s institutional standards.

 

For other information than the contained on this document, please visit http://www.itau.com.br/investor-relations.

 

Key indicators

 

Itaú Unibanco’s risk and capital management focuses on maintaining the institution’s risk profile in line with the risk strategy and guidelines approved by the Board of Directors. The main metrics of the Prudential Conglomerate, on December 31, 2015, are summarized below.

 

BIS Ratio Common Equity Tier I Ratio Tier II Ratio
17.8% 14.0% 3.8%

3º Q. 2015: 16.1%

3º Q. 2015: 12.3% 3º Q. 2015: 3.8%
     
     
Referential Equity Common Equity Tier I Tier II
R$ 128,465 million R$ 100,955 million R$ 27,464 million
3º Q. 2015: R$ 124,763 million 3º Q. 2015: R$ 95,318 million 3º Q. 2015: R$ 29,399 million

 

RWA Credit Risk Exposure
R$ 722,468 million R$ 679,593 million
3º Q. 2015: R$ 774,662 million 3º Q. 2015: R$ 728,976 million
   

 

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Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

1Risk and Capital Management

 

Itaú Unibanco understands risk and capital management as essential to optimize the use of resources and to select the best business opportunities, seeking to maximize value creation for its shareholders.

 

The Risk Management process at Itaú Unibanco:

 

·Identifies and measures existing and potential risks to Itaú Unibanco’s positions;
·Aligns risk management and control institutional policies, procedures and methodologies with the directives from, and approved by, the Board of Directors;
·Seeks the best risk-return ratios for Itaú Unibanco’s portfolio management.

 

The risk identification process purpose is to map internal and external risk threats that may affect the business’ and support units’ strategies, potentially impacting Itaú Unibanco’s results, capital, liquidity and reputation.

 

The risk management processes permeate the entire institution and are aligned with the Board of Directors and the Senior Management directives, which define the overall objectives by setting targets and limits for business units through its corporate bodies. The capital management and control units support Itaú Unibanco’s management through monitoring and analyzing risk and capital processes.

 

According to National Monetary Council (CMN) Resolution 3,988, BACEN Circular 3,547 and BACEN Circular Letter 3,565, Itaú Unibanco implemented a capital management structure and the Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP), adopting a prospective capital management attitude.

 

1.1Organizational Structure

 

Itaú Unibanco’s risk management organizational structure complies with Brazilian and international regulations in place and is aligned with the market’s best practices. Credit, market, liquidity, operational and underwriting risks control is centrally performed by an independent division, ensuring the risks to which Itaú Unibanco is exposed, are managed in accordance with the group risk appetite, policies and procedures in place. This independent division is also responsible for centralizing Itaú Unibanco’s capital management. The purpose of the centralized control is to provide the Board and the Senior Management with a global perspective of Itaú Unibanco’s risk exposure, as well as with a prospective understanding of its capital adequacy, enhancing the agility and optimization of corporate decisions.

 

Itaú Unibanco uses information technology (IT) systems, managed to fully comply with Central Bank’s requirements on capital adequacy and risk measurement, in accordance with regulatory models and requirements in place. It also monitors adherence to the qualitative and quantitative regulators’ minimum capital and risk management requirements.

 

1.2Risk and Capital Governance

 

Itaú Unibanco has established risk and capital management committees that report directly to the Board of Directors, with members being elected or appointed by the Board. At the executive level, risk is managed by corporate bodies.

 

A detailed description of the structure can be found in the Consolidated Annual Report in session Our Risk Management. The Consolidated Annual Report can be found in the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations, section “Financial Information”.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

2Capital

 

2.1Capital Management

 

The Board of Directors is the main body in the Itaú Unibanco’s capital management and it is responsible for approving the capital management institutional policy and guidelines regarding the capitalization level of the conglomerate. The Board is also involved in approving the ICAAP report, a process which is intended to assess the adequacy of Itaú Unibanco’s capital by identifying material risks; by defining the need for additional capital for such risks and the internal means of quantifying it; by preparing a capital plan, both for normal and stress situations; and by structuring a capital contingency plan.

 

The result of the latest ICAAP – which was dated December 2014 – shows that, in addition to the capital required to cover material risks, Itaú Unibanco has a significant capital surplus, thus ensuring the organization’s soundness.

 

At the executive level, committees are responsible for approving risk assessment and capital calculation methodologies, as well as reviewing, monitoring and recommending capital-related documents and topics to the Board of Directors. As for the committees governance, Itaú Unibanco has a dedicated structure for capital management, which consolidates information and coordinates related processes, all of which subject to verification by the independent validation, internal controls and audit areas.

 

In order to provide the necessary information for supporting decision taking by the Executives and the Board of Directors, management reports are prepared and presented at committees, informing about Itau Unibanco’s capital adequacy, as well as about the projections of future capital levels in normal and stress situations.

 

The guidelines of the institutional capital management policy can be accessed at www.itau.com.br/investor-relations, under “Corporate Governance, Regulations and Policies, Public Access Report – Capital Management”.

 

2.2Capital Requirements in Place and in Progress

 

Itaú Unibanco’s minimum capital requirements follow the set of resolutions(2) and circulars disclosed by the Central Bank of Brazil (BACEN) that implemented, in Brazil, the global capital requirement standards known as Basel III. These are expressed as ratios of the capital available stated by the Referential Equity (PR), or Total Capital, composed by the Tier I Capital (which comprises the Common Equity and Additional Tier 1 Capital) and Tier II Capital, and the risk-weighted assets, or RWA.

 

From the first quarter of 2015, the Total Capital, Tier 1 Capital and Common Equity Tier 1 Capital ratios are calculated on a consolidated basis, applied to institutions included in Prudential Conglomerate(3), which comprises not only financial institutions but also collective financing plans (“consórcios”), payment entities, factoring companies or companies that directly or indirectly assume credit risk, and investment funds in which the conglomerate retains substantially all risks and rewards. The information published in periods prior to the first quarter of 2015 is determined in the Financial Conglomerate.

 

For purposes of calculating these minimum capital requirements, the total RWA is determined as the sum of the risk-weighted asset amounts for credit risk, market risk, and operational risk. Itaú Unibanco uses the standardized approaches to calculate these risk-weighted asset amounts described in section “2.4 Risk-weighted Assets”.

 

The required minimum Total Capital ratio is 11% between October 1, 2013, and December 31, 2015, reducing gradually to 8% on January 1, 2019. To counteract this, the BACEN rules call for Additional Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (ACP), corresponding to the sum of the components ACPConservation, ACPCountercyclical and ACPSystemic, which, in conjunction with the requirements mentioned in the preceding paragraph, increase capital requirements over time. Under CMN Resolution 4,193, the value of the components ACPConservation and ACPCountercyclical will increase gradually from 0.625%, as from January 1, 2016, to 2.5% as from January 1, 2019. However, actually, according to BACEN Circular 3,769, the value required for component ACPCountercyclical is zero until any further change by the regulator. In the case of component ACPSystemic, the current requirement applicable to Itaú Unibanco under BACEN Circular 3,768 is 0%, increasing gradually from 0.25%, as from January 1, 2017, to 1% as from January 1, 2019, since the ratio between the amount of our Total Exposure and Brazil’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is more than ten percent (10%) and less than fifty percent (50%).

 

New requirements were redefined to qualify instruments eligible for Tier 1 or Tier 2 Capital. Additionally, it was established a gradual reduction of the eligibility of the instrument inventory issued pursuant to CMN Resolution 3,444.

 

 

(2) The standards that implemented the Basel III rules in Brazil were disclosed on March 1, 2013 through Resolutions No. 4,192 to No. 4,195 of the National Monetary Council (CMN) (Resolution No. 4,195 was revoked by Resolution No. 4,280), together with 15 Circulars published by BACEN on March 4, 2013, as amended.

(3)Further details of Prudential Conglomerate can be found in BACEN Circular No. 3,644, CMN Resolution No. 3,533 or in the link: http://www.bcb.gov.br/?BRPRUDENTIALFINREG.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

The Basel III implementation calendar was set by the BACEN as follows:

 

Basel III - Schedule  From January 1st 
   2015   2016   2017   2018   2019 
Common Equity Tier 1   4.5%   4.5%   4.5%   4.5%   4.5%
Tier 1   6.0%   6.0%   6.0%   6.0%   6.0%
Total Capital   11%   9.875%   9.25%   8.625%   8.0%
Additional Common Equity Tier 1 (ACP)   0.0%   0.625%   1.50%   2.375%   3.5%
conservation   0%   0.625%   1.25%   1.875%   2.5%
countercyclical (1)   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
systemic   0%   0%   0.25%   0.5%   1.0%
Common Equity Tier 1 + ACP   4.5%   5.1%   6.0%   6.9%   8.0%
Total Capital + ACP   11.0%   10.5%   10.8%   11.0%   11.5%
Prudential adjustments deductions   40%   60%   80%   100%   100%

(1) According to Circular Bacen nº 3,769, the ACP countercyclical requirement is zero.

 

In addition to the minimum capital requirements, BACEN Circular No. 3,748 also comes into effect this quarter. It incorporates the Leverage Ratio (the ratio between Tier I Capital and Total Exposure, calculated as indicated in this Circular) in the Basel III framework in Brazil. More details are given in section “2.5 Leverage Ratio in this report”.

 

The compliance of BACEN to the standards recommended by the Basel Committee was assessed at the end of 2013, under the Regulatory Consistency Assessment Programme (RCAP)(4). The rules effective in Brazil were considered compliant—pursuant to the BIS, Brazil is a compliant jurisdiction—i.e., the capital standards established in Brazil also consistent with the internationally accepted minimum requirements. The pointed out discrepancies were considered immaterial.

 

Minimum capital requirement for Insurance

 

In July 2015, the National Council of Private Insurance (CNSP) issued CNSP Resolution 321, which, among other things, deals with the minimum capital requirements for underwriting, credit, operating and market risks for insurers, open private pension entities, premium bonds companies and reinsurers. Upon publication of this resolution, CNSP Resolutions 228, 280, 283, 284, 316 and 317 are cancelled.

 

 

(4) Regulatory Consistency Assessment Programme (RCAP). Assessment os Basel III regulations in Brasil in December 2013, updated in March 2015 with no additional material points.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

2.3Capital Composition

 

The Referential Equity (PR), used to monitor compliance with the operational limits imposed by BACEN, is the sum of Tier I and Tier II, where:

 

·Tier I: comprises the Common Equity Tier I, based on the social capital, selected reserves and retained earnings, net from deductions and prudential adjustments, as well as the Additional Tier I Capital;

·Tier II: comprises eligible instruments, primarily, subordinated debts, subject to prudential limits.

 

The table below presents the composition of the referential equity and its components (Common Equity Tier I, Additional Tier I Capital and Tier II Capital), taking into consideration their respective deductions and prudential adjustments, as per Resolutions mentioned.

 

Composition of Referential Equity          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Stockholders’ equity Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A. (Consolidated)   106,462    103,353    95,848 
Minority Interest in Subsidiaries   916    911    2,333 
Changes in ownership interest in a subsidiary in capital transactions   3,683    3,988    4,899 
Consolidated Stockholders’ Equity (BACEN)   111,061    108,251    103,079 
Preferred shares with clause of redemption excluded from Tier I   -    -    (1,048)
Deductions   (10,107)   (12,934)   (5,819)
Common Equity Tier I   100,955    95,318    96,212 
Instruments eligible to comprise Additional Tier I   -    -    - 
Additional Tier I deductions   46    46    20 
Additional Tier I Capital   46    46    20 
Tier I (Common Equity Tier I + Additional Tier I Capital)   101,001    95,364    96,232 
Instruments eligible to comprise Tier II (1)   27,403    29,354    33,547 
Tier II deductions   61    45    12 
Tier II   27,464    29,399    33,559 
Reference Equity (Tier I + Tier II)   128,465    124,763    129,790 

(1) The Instruments eligible to comprise Tier II also includes R$ 226 million of Preferred Shares.

 

In accordance with the schedule for the implementation of Basel III in Brazil, as from the first quarter of 2015, the information is reported in the Prudential Conglomerate.

 

Appendix I (“Breakdown of the Referential Equity and Information on its adequacy”) hereto breaks down in detail the Referential Equity as required by BACEN Circulars 3,678 and 3,716.

 

Funds obtained through the issue of subordinated debts that compose Tier II capital, for the purpose of the Basel ratio between capital and risk-weighted assets, are described below:

 

Subordinated Debt and Referential Equity Tier II                       R$ million 
   Maturities   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Name of instrument  <1 year   1-2 years   2-3 years   3-4 years   4-5 years   > 5 years   Total   Total   Total 
Bank Deposit Certificate (CDB)   6,657    806    -    -    -    -    7,463    7,282    7,368 
Financial Bills   2,983    8,690    11,552    169    34    3,484    26,912    26,665    25,765 
Euronotes   425    -    -    -    3,858    26,203    30,486    31,017    20,732 
Subordinated Debt (Dec/15)   10,065    9,496    11,552    169    3,892    29,687    64,861    64,964    53,865 
Subordinated Debt Not Elegible to Capital(1)   142    32    30    28    66    625    923    946    703 
Subordinated Debt - Total (Dec/15)   10,207    9,528    11,582    197    3,958    30,312    65,784           
Subordinated Debt after Reducer (Dec/15)   -    1,899    4,621    101    3,114    29,687    39,422           
Subordinated Debt Elegible to Capital (Dec/12)   -    990    290    4,198    6,993    26,352    38,824           
Threshold (1) Subordinated debt   -    693    203    2,939    4,895    18,446    27,177           
Subordinated Debt Elegible to Capital (Dec/15)(2)   -    693    203    2,939    4,895    18,446    27,177           

(1) Subordinated debt with application of threshold in accordance with the current rules (Resolution 4.192/13 - Art 28).

(2) According to current legislation, the accounting balance of subordinated debt as of December 2012 was used for the calculation of referential equity as of December, 2015.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Details concerning maturities, compensation, principal amount, accounting balance and subordinated debt balance are described next:

 

Subordinated Debts Elegibles to Capital                      R$ million  
              12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014   Dec/15-Sep/15   Dec/15-Dec/14   12/31/2015  
Name of instrument/ Currency  Issue   Maturity   Compensation p.a.  Principal Value   Principal Value   Principal Variation   Accouting
Balance
 
Subordinated CDB (1) - BRL                                            
    2008    2015   119.8% of CDI   -    -    400    -    (400)      
    2010    2015   113% of CDI   -    50    50    (50)   (50)      
    2006    2016   100% of CDI + 0.7%   466    466    466    -    -   1,235  
    2010    2016   110% to 114% of CDI   2,665    2,665    2,665    -    -   5,154  
             IPCA(2) + 7.21%   123    123    123    -    -   268  
    2010    2017   IPCA + 7.33%   367    367    367    -    -   806  
             Total   3,621    3,671    4,071    (50)   (450)  7,463  
Subordinated Financial Bills – BRL                                            
    2010    2016   100% of CDI + 1.35% to 1.36%   365    365    365    -    -   385  
             112% to 112.5% of CDI   1,874    1,874    1,874    -    -   1,973  
             IPCA + 7%   30    30    30    -    -   59  
    2010    2017   IPCA + 6.95% to 7.2%   206    206    206    -    -   312  
    2011    2017   108% to 112% of CDI   3,224    3,224    3,224    -    -   3,493  
             100% of CDI + 1.29% to 1.52%   3,650    3,650    3,650    -    -   3,790  
             IPCA + 6.15% to 7.8%   352    352    352    -    -   578  
             IGPM(2) + 6.55% to 7.6%   138    138    138    -    -   241  
    2012    2017   100% of CDI + 1.12%   500    500    500    -    -   506  
    2011    2018   IGPM + 7%   42    42    42    -    -   60  
             IPCA + 7.53% to 7.7%   30    30    30    -    -   44  
    2012    2018   108% a 113% of CDI   6,373    6,373    6,373    -    -   7,027  
             IPCA + 4.4% to 6.58%   461    461    461    -    -   690  
             100% of CDI + 1.01% to 1.32%   3,782    3,782    3,782    -    -   3,900  
             9.95% to 11.95%   112    112    112    -    -   158  
    2011    2019   109% to 109.7% of CDI   2    2    2    -    -   3  
    2012    2019   110% of CDI   1    1    1    -    -   2  
             11.96%   12    12    12    -    -   19  
             IPCA + 4.7% to 6.3%   101    101    101    -    -   148  
    2012    2020   111% to CDI   1    1    1    -    -   2  
             IPCA + 6% to 6.17%   20    20    20    -    -   33  
    2011    2021   109.25% to 110.5% of CDI   6    6    6    -    -   10  
    2012    2022   IPCA + 5.15% to 5.83%   2,307    2,307    2,307    -    -   3,454  
             IGPM + 4.63%   20    20    20    -    -   25  
             Total   23,609    23,609    23,609    -    -   26,912  
Subordinated Euronotes - USD                                            
    2010    2020   6.2%   990    990    990    -    -   3,908  
    2010    2021   5.75%   1,000    1,000    1,000    -    -   3,890  
    2011    2021   5.75% to 6.2%   730    730    730    -    -   2,998  
    2012    2021   6.2%   550    550    550    -    -   2,148  
    2012    2022   5.5% to 5.65%   2,600    2,600    2,600    -    -   10,264  
    2012    2023   5.13%   1,851    1,851    1,851    -    -   7,278  
             Total USD   7,721    7,721    7,721    -    -       
             Total BRL                           30,486  
             Grand Total                           64,861  
    Subordinated Debt Reducer                     39,422  
    Subordinated Debts Elegibles to Capital (Dec/15)                  27,177  

 (1) CDB is Bank Deposit Certificate and CDI is Interbank Deposit Certificate. The subordinated CDBs are redeemable from November 2011.

(2) IPCA and IGP-M are Brazilian Inflation Indexes.

 

For information on each instrument that is part of the Referential Equity as required by BACEN Circulars 3,678 and 3,716, please visit the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations, section “Corporate Governance, Pillar 3 – Spreadsheet Support”, “Appendix I and II – Pillar 3”, “Appendix II – Main Features of the Referential Equity Instruments (PR)”.

 

2.4Risk-Weighted Asset (RWA)

 

According to CMN Resolutions 4,193 and 4,281, for assessing the minimum capital requirements, the RWA must be

calculated by adding the portions, as shown below:

 

 

·RWACPAD = portion related to exposures to credit risk;
·RWACAM = portion related to the exposures in gold, foreign exchange rate and assets subject to foreign exchange rate variations;
·RWAJUR = portion related to exposures subjects to variations of interest rates, interest coupons and coupon rates and classified in the Trading Portfolio;
·RWACOM = portion related to exposures subjects to variations in commodity prices;
·RWAACS = portion related to exposures subjects to variations in equities prices and classified in the Trading Portfolio;
·RWAOPAD = portion relating to the calculation of operational risk capital requirements.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

The table below presents the consolidated evolution of RWA composition of Itaú Unibanco. Each of the portions mentioned above will be presented in detail in the following topics.

 

Composition of Risk-Weighted Asset                  R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
Risk exposures  12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Risk-Weighted Assets for Credit Risk (RWACPAD)   679,593    94%   728,976    94%   706,081    92%
Risk-Weighted Assets for Market Risk (RWAMPAD)   14,252    2%   17,062    2%   25,176    3%
Risk-Weighted Assets for Operational Risk (RWAOPAD)   28,623    4%   28,623    4%   36,817    5%
Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA)   722,468    100%   774,662    100%   768,075    100%

 

Risk-Weighted Assets for Credit Risk (RWACPAD)

 

The table below presents the credit risk-weighted (RWACPAD) separated by weighting factor and asset type:

 

Composition of Risk-Weighted Assets for Credit Risk (RWACPAD)          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Risk exposures               
Exposure weighted by credit risk (RWACPAD)   679,593    728,976    706,081 
a) Per Weighting Factor (FPR):               
FPR at 2%   179    219    75 
FPR at 20%   7,000    6,873    3,249 
FPR at 35%   11,695    9,667    8,139 
FPR at 50%   46,025    49,583    34,486 
FPR at 75%   136,104    138,755    146,705 
FPR at 85%   129,884    151,295    139,730 
FPR at 100%   288,057    304,598    307,259 
FPR at 250%   37,858    35,744    34,838 
FPR at 300%   10,751    17,918    14,015 
FPR up to 1250%(1)   1,990    2,400    4,430 
Derivatives – Future potential gain and Variation of the counterparty credit quality   10,050    11,924    13,156 
b) Per Type:               
Securities   51,085    54,556    37,571 
Loan operations - Retail   109,882    111,979    121,534 
Loan operations - Non-retail   237,365    240,200    226,925 
Joint liabilities - Retail   242    259    324 
Joint liabilities - Non-retail   46,655    64,930    63,509 
Loan commitments - Retail   25,972    26,497    24,835 
Loan commitments - non-retail   12,924    16,223    23,699 
Other exposures   195,468    214,333    207,684 

(1) Taking into consideration the application of the “F” factor required by Article 29 of BACEN Circular 3,644.

 

Risk-Weighted Assets for Market Risk (RWAMPAD)

 

The amount of RWAMPAD is obtained by adding the portions terms: RWACAM, RWAJUR, RWACOM, RWAACS. The table below presents the risk weighted assets for Market Risk:

 

Composition of Risk-Weighted Assets for Market Risk (RWAMPAD)          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Risk-Weighted Assets for Market Risk (RWAMPAD)   14,252    17,062    25,176 
Trades subject to interest rate variation (RWAJUR)   11,291    11,844    10,347 
Fixed income interest rate denominated in reais (RWAJUR1)   2,127    2,934    1,612 
Foreign exchange linked interest rate (RWAJUR2)   6,700    5,652    4,809 
Price index linked interest rate (RWAJUR3)   2,464    3,258    3,744 
Interest rate linked interest rate (RWAJUR 4)   -    -    183 
Operations subject to commodity price variation (RWACOM)   473    574    952 
Operations subject to stock price variation (RWAACS)   952    1,209    474 
Operations subject to the risk of exposures in gold, foreign currency and foreign exchange rate variations (RWACAM)   1,536    3,435    13,403 
               
Referential equity calculated for covering the interest rate risk of trades of the banking book (RBAN)   1,275    1,211    1,846 

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Risk-Weighted Assets for Operational Risk (RWAOPAD)

 

BACEN Circulars 3,640, 3,675 and 3,739 establish the criteria for determining the portion of risk-weighted assets related to the capital required for operational risk (RWAOPAD). In accordance with current regulation, the exposure of RWAOPAD is calculated on a semiannual basis, related to June 30th and December 31st.

 

The RWA for operational risk is presented below:

 

Composition of Risk-Weighted Assets for Operational Risk (RWAOPAD) R$ million

   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Risk-Weighted Assets for Operational Risk (RWAOPAD)   28,623    28,623    36,817 
Retail   7,470    7,470    7,079 
Commercial   16,491    16,491    13,429 
Corporate finance   1,380    1,380    1,132 
Negotiation and sales   (4,927)   (4,927)   8,256 
Payments and settlements   3,074    3,074    2,856 
Financial agent services   2,873    2,873    2,031 
Asset management   2,145    2,145    2,030 
Retail brokerage   118    118    4 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

2.5Leverage Ratio

 

The following information is based on the methodology and standard format introduced by BACEN Circular 3,748. As of December 31, Itaú Unibanco’s Leverage Ratio stood at 7.9%.

 

   Comparative Summary of Published Financial Statements and Leverage Ratio    
      R$ Thousand 
      12/31/2015 
1  Total assets according to published financial statements   1,359,172,441 
2  Adjustment for differences in consolidation of accounts   (122,280,032)
3  Adjustment for assets assigned or transferred with substantial transfer of risks and benefits and   (4,855,298)
4  Adjustment for changes in reference values and potential future gains on derivative financial instruments   18,170,046 
5  Adjustment for repurchase transactions and securities lending   6,749,914 
6  Adjustment for transactions not booked in prudential conglomerate's total assets   110,181,720 
7  Other adjustments   (81,883,640)
8  Total Exposure   1,285,255,152 

 

   Disclosure of information on Leverage Ratio     
       R$ Thousand 
       12/31/2015 
   Items shown in the Balance Sheet     
1  Balance sheet items other than derivative financial instruments, securities received on loan and resales   891,531,269 
2  Adjustments for equity items deducted in calculating Level I Capital   (14,903,083)
3  Total exposure shown in the Balance Sheet   876,628,185 
   Transactions using Derivative Financial Instruments     
4  Replacement value for derivatives transactions   27,570,116 
5  Potential future gains from derivatives transactions   13,839,814 
6  Adjustment for collateral in derivatives transactions   - 
7  Adjustment for daily margin held as collateral   - 
8  Derivatives in the name of customers where there is no contractual obligation to reimburse in the event of bankruptcy or default of the entities responsible for the settlement system   - 
9  Reference value adjusted for credit derivatives   8,798,831 
10  Adjustment of reference value calculated for credit derivatives   (3,424,798)
11  Total exposure for derivative financial instruments   46,783,963 
   Repurchase Transactions and Securities Lending (TVM)     
12  Investments in repurchase transactions and securities lending   244,911,369 
13  Adjustment for repurchases for settlement and creditors of securities lending   - 
14  Amount of counterparty credit risk   6,749,914 
15  Amount of counterparty credit risk in transactions as intermediary   - 
16  Total exposure for repurchase transactions and securities lending   251,661,283 
   Off-balance sheet items     
17  Reference value of off-balance sheet transactions   293,415,937 
18  Adjustment for application of FCC specific to off-balance sheet transactions   (183,234,216)
19  Total off-balance sheet exposure   110,181,720 
   Capital and Total Exposure     
20  Level I   101,000,684 
21  Total Exposure   1,285,255,152 
   Leverage Ratio     
22  Basel III Leverage Ratio   7.9%

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

2.6Capital Adequacy

 

Itaú Unibanco, through the ICAAP, assesses the adequacy of its capital to face the incurred risks. For ICAAP, capital is composed by regulatory capital for credit, market and operational risks and by the necessary capital to face other risks.

 

In order to ensure the robustness of Itaú Unibanco and the availability of capital to support business growth, Itaú Unibanco maintains PR levels above the minimum levels, according to the Basel ratio, Common Equity Tier I, Additional Tier I Capital and Tier II.

 

On December 31, 2015, the PR reached R$ 128,465 million, R$ 101,001 million of Tier I and R$ 27,464 million of Tier II.

 

Composition of Referential Equity (PR)          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Tier I   101,001    95,364    96,232 
Common Equity Tier I   100,955    95,318    96,212 
Additional Tier I Capital   46    46    20 
Tier II   27,464    29,399    33,559 
Referential Equity (PR)   128,465    124,763    129,790 
Required Referential Equity (PRE)   79,471    85,213    84,488 
Excess capital in relation to Required Referential Equity   48,994    39,550    45,302 

 

As at December 31, 2015, the BIS ratio reached 17.8%, an increase of 170 basis points from September 30, 2015. This increase was driven by the higher referential equity, mainly impacted by the net income for the period and by the decrease in the balance of tax credits. The BIS ratio increase was also due to the decrease in RWA, which, in addition to being impacted by tax credits, is influenced by BACEN Circular 3,770 and by the decrease in the loan portfolio.

 

In what regards the fixed asset ratio, (the level of adjusted PR committed to adjusted permanent assets), Itaú Unibanco is within the maximum limit of 50% of the adjusted PR, as established by BACEN.

 

The Basel and Fixed asset ratios are presented in the table below.

 

Basel and Fixed Asset Ratios          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Basel ratio   17.8%   16.1%   16.9%
Tier I   14.0%   12.3%   12.5%
Common Equity Tier I   14.0%   12.3%   12.5%
Additional Tier I Capital   0.0%   0.0%   0.0%
Tier II   3.8%   3.8%   4.4%
Fixed assets ratio   27.7%   29.7%   49.1%
Excess Capital in Relation to Fixed Assets   28,616    25,302    1,160 

 

Considering Itaú Unibanco ´s current capital base, and if the Basel III rules were fully implemented, the core capital (Common Equity Tier I) would be 13.6% on December 31, 2015, taking into consideration the use of all tax credits. This scenario is presented in the following chart.

 

Simulated Common Equity Tier I with Fully Loaded Basel III Rules

 

 

 

 

(6) Includes deductions of Goodwill, Intangible Assets, Tax Credits from Temporary Differences and Tax Loss, Pension Fund Assets, Equity Investments in Financial Institutions, Insurance and similar companies.

(7)Includes the increase of the multiplier of the market risk, operational risk and certain credit risk accounts. This multiplier, which is at 9.09 nowadays, will be to 12.5 in 2019.

(8)Does not include any reversal of the complementary allowance for loan losses.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

3Balance Sheet

 

Balance Sheet

 

The following is a comparison between Itaú Unibanco’s Prudential Conglomerate Balance Sheet and its Consolidated Balance Sheet presented in the Financial Statements. Information presented in the Prudential Conglomerate are detailed so that the elements disclosed in Appendix I are identified in the last column of the table below.

 

Comparisson of balance sheets – Assets              R$ million
   Consolidated            
   balance sheet   Diferences (1)   Prudential   Ref. Annex I
Assets  12/31/2015
Current assets and Long-term receivables   1,340,483    (144,290)   1,196,193  
Cash and cash equivalents   18,544    (371)   18,173  
Interbank investments   280,944    (4,085)   276,859  
Securities and derivative financial instruments   338,391    (131,160)   207,231    
Interbank accounts   67,341    -    67,341    
Interbranch accounts   31    -    31    
Loan, lease and other credit operations   439,751    (3,716)   436,035    
Other receivables   191,797    (4,190)   187,607    
Tax credit and Actuarial Assets   -    -    24,682    
Tax credits arising from income tax losses and social contribution   -    -    6,031   (b)
Credits resulting from temporary differences   -    -    18,427   (c)
Actuarial assets related to defined benefit pension funds   -    -    224   (d)
Other   -    -    162,925    
Other assets   3,684    (768)   2,916    
Permanent assets   18,689    22,010    40,699    
Investments   3,939    17,401    21,340    
Goodwill based on the expectation of future profitability   -    -    341   (e)
investments in the capital of companies that are similar to non-consolidated financial institutions and insurance companies   -    -    8,109   (f)
investments in the capital of financial institutions   -    -    765   (a)
Other   -    -    12,125    
Real estate in use   7,055    (575)   6,480    
Deferred permanent assets   -    -    25   (g)
Other   -    -    6,455    
Goodwill   232    (231)   1    
Goodwill based on the expectation of future profitability   -    -    1   (e)
Intangible assets   7,463    5,415    12,878    
Acquisition of rights to credit payroll   1,001    -    1,001    
Intangible assets acquired from october 1st 2013   -    -    243   (h)
Intangible assets acquired before october 1st 2013   -    -    758   (i)
Other intangible assets   9,707    10,856    20,563    
Intangible assets acquired from october 1st 2013   -    -    3,202   (h)
Intangible assets acquired before october 1st 2013   -    -    3,823   (i)
Goodwill based on the expectation of future profitability   -    -    12,836   (e)
Deferred permanent assets   -    -    485   (g)
Other   -    -    217    
(Accumulated amortization)   (3,244)   (5,442)   (8,686)   
Intangible assets acquired from october 1st 2013   -    -    (750)  (h)
Intangible assets acquired before october 1st 2013   -    -    (1,652)  (i)
Goodwill based on the expectation of future profitability   -    -    (5,862)  (e)
Deferred permanent assets   -    -    (422)  (g)
Total assets   1,359,172    (122,280)   1,236,892    

(1) Differences are mainly due to non-consolidation of non financial companies (highlighting the following companies: Insurance, Pension Plan and Premium Bonds) within the Prudential Conglomerate and also by the eliminations of transactions with related parties.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Comparisson of balance sheets – Liabilities              R$ million
   Consolidated            
   Balance Sheet   Diferences (1)   Prudential   Ref. Annex I
Liabilities  12/31/2015
Current and Long-term Liabilities   1,248,995    (125,092)   1,123,903 
Deposits   292,610    5,709    298,319  
Deposits received under securities repurchase agreements   350,954    2,733    353,687  
Funds from acceptances and issuance of securities   75,590    6    75,596    
Interbank accounts   520    -    520    
Interbranch accounts   6,406    2    6,408    
Borrowings and onlending   104,589    -    104,589    
Derivative financial instruments   31,116    -    31,116    
Technical provision for insurance, pension plan and capitalization   132,053    (132,053)   -    
Other liabilities   255,155    (1,487)   253,668    
Social and statutory   14,882    (2,361)   12,521    
Tax credits arising from income tax losses and social contribution   -    -    5,099   (b)/(c)
Provision of Actuarial assets related to defined benefit pension funds   -    -    136   (d)
Other   -    -    7,286    
Other   -    -    241,147    
Deferred income   1,960    (32)   1,928    
Minority interest in subsidiaries   1,755    (839)   916    
Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries that are part of the conglomerate   -    -    916   (j)
Stockholders' equity   106,462    3,683    110,145    
Capital   85,148    -    85,148    
Eligible Instruments   -    -    85,148   (k)
Capital reserves   1,537    -    1,537    
Capital reserves   -    -    1,537   (m)
Revenue reserves   25,350    2,998    28,348    
Revenue reserves   -    -    28,348   (l)
Asset valuation adjustment   (1,219)   684    (535)   
Other revenue and other reserve   -    -    (535)  (m)
(Treasury shares)   (4,353)   -    (4,353)   
Shares or other instruments issued by the bank   -    -    (4,353)  (n)
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity   1,359,172    (122,280)   1,236,892    

(1) Differences are mainly due to non-consolidation of non financial companies (highlighting the following companies: Insurance, Pension Plan and Premium Bonds) within the Prudencial Conglomerate and also by the eliminations of transactions with related parties.

 

15 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Institutions that comprises the Financial Statements of Itaú Unibanco Holding

 

The following is a list of institutions that comprise the financial statements of Itaú Unibanco Holding for means of the disclosure of its Financial Statements. The institutions that, in addition to being included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, are also included in the Prudential Conglomerate, are listed below.

 

List of institutions that comprises the Financial Statements of Itaú Unibanco Holding

 

Institutions

 

Aco Ltda. Itaú Administradora de Consórcios Ltda.(1)
Afinco Américas Madeira, Sgps, Sociedade Unipessoal, Ltda. Itaú Asia Securities Ltd.(1)
Aj Títulos Públicos Fundo de Investimento Referenciado DI(1) Itaú Asset Management S.A. Sociedad Gerente de Fondos Comunes de Inversión
Albarus S.A. Itaú Bahamas Directors Ltd.
Banco Del Paraná S.A. Itaú Bahamas Nominees Ltd.
Banco Investcred Unibanco S.A.(1) Itaú Bank & Trust Bahamas Ltd.(1)
Banco Itaú (Suisse) S.A.(1) Itaú Bank & Trust Cayman Ltd.(1)
Banco Itaú Argentina S.A.(1) Itau Bank, Ltd.(1)
Banco Itaú BBA S.A.(1) Itaú BBA Colombia S.A. Corporacion Financiera(1)
Banco Itaú BMG Consignado S.A.(1) Itaú BBA Corredor de Bolsa Ltda.(1)
Banco Itaú Chile S.A.(1) Itaú BBA International (Cayman) Ltd.(1)
Banco Itaú International(1) Itau BBA International plc(1)
Banco Itaú Paraguay S.A.(1) Itaú BBA México, Casa de Bolsa, S.A. de C.V.(1)
Banco Itaú Uruguay S.A.(1) Itaú BBA México, S.A. de C.V.
Banco Itaú Veículos S.A.(1) Itaú BBA Participações S.A.
Banco Itaubank S.A.(1) Itaú BBA Trading S.A.
Banco Itaucard S.A.(1) Itaú BBA Uk Securities Limited(1)
Banco Itauleasing S.A.(1) Itaú BBA Usa Securities Inc.(1)
Bicsa Holding Ltd. Itaú BMG Corretora de Seguros Ltda.
Bie Cayman Ltd. Itaú BMG Gestão de Vendas Ltda.
Borsen Renda Fixa Crédito Privado - Fundo de Investimento Itaú BMG Participação Ltda.
Cia. Itaú de Capitalização Itaú BMG Seguradora S.A.
Credicard Promotora de Vendas Ltda. Itaú Cayman Directors Ltd.
Ctbh Fundo de Investimento Imobiliário - Fii(1) Itaú Cayman Nominees Ltd.
Dibens Leasing S.A. - Arrendamento Mercantil(1) Itaú Chile Administradora General de Fondos S.A.
Estrel Serviços Administrativos S.A. Itaú Chile Compañia De Seguros de Vida S.A.
Estrutura III - Fundo de Investimento em Participações(1) Itaú Chile Corredora de Seguros Ltda.
Facilita Promotora Ltda. Itaú Chile Holdings, Inc.
Fic Promotora de Vendas Ltda. Itaú Chile Inversiones, Servicios y Administracion S.A.
Financeira Itaú CBD S.A. - Crédito, Financ. e Investimento(1) Itaú Cia. Securitizadora de Créditos Financeiros(1)
Fundo de Inv. Direitos Creditórios não Padr. Barzer(1) Itaú Corretora de Valores S.A.(1)
Fundo Fortaleza Investimento Imobiliário (1) Itaú Distribuidora de Títulos e Valores Mobiliários S.A.(1)
Garnet Corporation Itaú EU Lux-Itaú Latin America Equity Fund(1)
Hipercard Banco Múltiplo S.A.(1) Itaú Europa Luxembourg S.A.
Icarros Ltda. Itaú Global Asset Management Limited
Iga Participações S.A. Itaú Institucional Curto Prazo - Fundo de Investimento
Intrag Distribuidora de Títulos e Valores Mobiliários Ltda.(1) Itaú International Investment LLC
Intrag-Part Administração e Participações Ltda. Itaú International Securities Inc.(1)
Investcard Referenciado DI - Fundo de Invetimentos Cotas FI (1) Itaú Japan Asset Management Limited
Investimentos Bemge S.A. Itaú Kinea Private Equity MM FICFI CP(1)
Ipi - Itaúsa Portugal Investimentos, Sgps Lda. Itaú Middle East Limited
Itaú Administração Previdenciária Ltda. Itaú Rent Administração e Participações Ltda.

(1) Institutions that also comprise the Prudential Conglomerate.

 

16 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

List of institutions that comprises the Financial Statements of Itaú Unibanco Holding

 

Institutions

 

Itaú Seguros S.A. MCC Securities Inc.(1)
Itaú Singapore Securities Pte. Ltd. Megabônus Negócios de Varejo Ltda.
Itaú Uk Asset Management Limited Microinvest S.A. Soc. de Crédito a Microempreendedor(1)
Itaú Unibanco Holding Cayman Branch(1) Mundostar S.A.
Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A.(1) Nevada Woods S.A.
Itaú Unibanco S.A. Cayman Branch(1) Oca S.A.(1)
Itaú Unibanco S.A. New York Branch(1) Oiti Fundo de Investimento Multimercado Crédito Privado Investimento no Exterior(1)
Itaú Unibanco S.A. Tokyo Branch(1) Pró-Imóvel Promotora Ltda.
Itaú Unibanco S.A.(1) Proserv - Promociones y Servicios S.A. de Capital Variable
Itaú Unibanco S.A.Nassau Branch(1) Provar Negócios de Varejo Ltda.
Itaú Unibanco Serviços e Processamento de Informações Comerciais Ltda. Recuperadora de Creditos Ltda.
Itaú Unibanco Veículos Administradora de Consórcios Ltda.(1) Redecard S.A.(1)
Itaú Usa Asset Management Inc. Rt Alm 5 Fundo de Investimento Renda Fixa
Itaú Usa Inc. Rt Alm Soberano 2 Fundo de Investimento Renda Fixa
Itaú Valores S.A.(1) Rt Challenger Renda Fixa Crédito Privado FIC
Itaú Vida E Previdência S.A. Rt Columbia Renda Fixa Crédito Privado FIC
Itauprev Retirement Renda Fixa Crédito Privado - Fundo de Investimento Rt Defiant Multimercado - Fundo de Investimento
Itaúsa Europa Investimentos, Sgps, Lda. Rt Discovery Renda Fixa Crédito Privado FIC
Itaúsa Portugal - Soc. Gestora de Partic. Sociais, S.A. Rt Endeavour Renda Fixa Crédito Privado - Fundo de Investimento
Itauseg Participações S.A. Rt Enterprise Curto Prazo - Fundo de Investimento(1)
Itauseg Saúde S.A. Rt Excelsior Renda Fixa Crédito Privado - Fundo de Investimento
Itauvest Distribuidora de Títulos e Val. Mobiliários S.A.(1) Rt Galelio Renda Fixa Crédito Privado FIC
Itb Holding Brasil Participações Ltda. Rt Itaú Dj Títulos Públicos Fundo de Investimento Referenciado DI(1)
Itb Holding Ltd.(1) Rt Itaú SIF – Brasil
Itrust Servicios Inmobiliarios S.A.C.I. Rt Magellan Renda Fixa Crédito Privado FIC
IU Seguros S.A. Rt Multigestor 4 FIC
Iucor Corretora de Seguros Ltda. Rt Nation Renda Fixa Fundo de Investimento
Jasper International Investment LLC Rt Nor Renda Fixa FIC(1)
Karen International Limited Rt Odissey Renda Fixa de Crédito Privado FIC
Kinea Dinâmico Master Long Biased Fundo de Investimento Em Ações(1) Rt Pathfinder Renda Fixa Crédito Privado FIC
Kinea I Pipe Fundo de Investimento em Ações(1) Rt Union Renda Fixa Fundo de Investimento
Kinea I Private Equity Fip(1) Rt Valiant Renda Fixa - Fundo de Investimento
Kinea I Total Return Equity - Fundo de Investimento Em Cotas de Fundos de Investimento Multimercado(1) Rt Voyager Renda Fixa Crédito Privado - Fundo de Investimento(1)
Kinea II Macro Fundo de Investimento Multimercado(1) Scala Curto Prazo FIC(1)
Kinea Investimentos Ltda. Topaz Holding Ltd.
Kinea Macro Offshore Segregated Portfólio(1) Trishop Promoção e Serviços Ltda.
Licania Fund Limited(1) Tulipa S.A.
Luizacred S.A. Soc. de Crédito, Financiamento e Investimento(1) Unibanco Empreendimentos Ltda.
Marcep Corretagem de Seguros S.A. Unibanco Negócios Imobiliários Ltda.
Maxipago Serviços de Internet S.A. Uni-Investment International Corp.(1)
MCC Asesorías Limitada Unión Capital Afap S.A.
MCC S.A. Corredores de Bolsa(1) Universo Fundo de Investimento em Participacoes(1)

(1) Institutions that also comprise the Prudential Conglomerate.

 

Material entities

 

Total assets, shareholders’ equity, and the industries of the material entities, including those subject to the risk weight for the purpose of capital requirements are as follows:

 

Major Institutions                        R$ million 
         12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Institutions  Country  Activity  Total Assets   Equity   Total Assets   Equity   Total Assets   Equity 
Banco Itaú Argentina S.A. (1)  Argentina  Financial institution   6,918    777    7,224    983    5,270    596 
Banco Itaú BBA S.A. (1)  Brazil  Financial institution   6,293    5,690    5,984    5,676    6,321    5,685 
Banco Itaú BMG Consignado S.A (1)  Brazil  Financial institution   42,265    2,290    42,443    2,276    43,103    1,349 
Banco Itaú Chile (1)  Chile  Financial institution   46,458    4,315    47,164    4,384    33,905    3,134 
Banco Itaú Paraguay S.A. (1)  Paraguay  Financial institution   12,417    1,639    13,144    1,770    9,160    1,261 
Banco Itaú Suisse S.A. (1)  Switzerland  Financial institution   6,096    714    5,240    743    3,821    458 
Banco Itaú Uruguay S.A. (1)  Uruguay  Financial institution   16,510    1,296    17,148    1,482    10,447    894 
Banco Itaucard S.A. (1)  Brazil  Financial institution   107,221    19,383    106,134    19,703    153,509    19,277 
Banco Itauleasing S.A. (1)  Brazil  Financial institution   10,875    10,245    10,718    10,131    41,805    40,504 
Cia. Itaú de Capitalização  Brazil  Capitalization   4,099    679    4,352    609    4,568    933 
Dibens Leasing S.A. - Arrendamento Mercantil (1)  Brazil  Leasing   167,917    3,864    150,059    3,638    152,992    3,065 
Financeira Itaú CBD S.A. Crédito, Financiamento e Investimento (1)  Brazil  Consumer Finance Credit   3,983    908    3,813    1,110    3,893    915 
Hipercard Banco Múltiplo S.A. (1)  Brazil  Financial institution   9,516    3,915    8,325    3,853    8,442    3,458 
Itau Bank, Ltd. (1)  Cayman Islands  Financial institution   43,097    1,592    28,270    2,867    33,607    2,259 
Itau BBA Colombia S.A. Corporación Financiera (1)  Colombia  Financial institution   677    393    736    410    411    364 
Itaú BBA International PLC (1)  United Kingdom  Financial institution   27,497    3,938    26,930    4,012    16,291    2,618 
Itaú BBA USA Securities Inc. (1)  United States  Broker   1,811    1,687    1,950    1,731    6,515    1,221 
Itaú BMG Seguradora S.A.  Brazil  Insurance   195    77    202    77    199    72 
Itaú Corretora de Valores S.A. (1)  Brazil  Broker   4,519    1,365    7,272    3,094    5,192    2,512 
Itaú Seguros S.A.  Brazil  Insurance   10,858    5,435    12,284    4,980    14,195    6,561 
Itaú Unibanco Financeira S.A. - Crédito, Financiamento e Investimento (1) (2)  Brazil  Consumer Finance Credit   -    -    -    -    4,330    3,756 
Itaú Unibanco S.A. (1)  Brazil  Financial institution   1,297,135    56,199    1,235,422    55,873    1,148,099    51,498 
Itaú Vida e Previdência S.A.  Brazil  Pension Plan   128,760    3,769    124,314    3,572    111,445    5,608 
Luizacred S.A. Soc. Cred. Financiamento Investimento (1)  Brazil  Consumer Finance Credit   4,376    609    4,308    617    4,611    599 
Redecard S.A. - REDE (1)  Brazil  Acquirer   50,635    13,729    46,147    13,911    48,437    12,689 

(1) Prudential Conglomerate Institutions.

(2) Institution incorporated on 01/31/2015 by Itaú Unibanco S.A. and Itaú BBA Participações S.A.

 

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4Investments in other entities

 

4.1Investments in other entities not classified in the trading book

 

The financial statements of Itaú Unibanco and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil, as established by Brazilian Corporate Law, together with CMN and Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) regulations, in the latter cases when such regulations are not inconsistent with BACEN regulations.

 

The interests held in other entities, except those measured at book value (equity method of accounting), which we intend to hold for a long term, are classified in Permanent Assets and measured at their acquisition cost (cost method). Investments measured under the cost method are stated at their historical amount, i.e., the price the company paid to acquire them. The investor does not account for the profits or losses of an investee, except when related to the dividends based on profits obtained, when distributed.

 

Investments in other companies which there is no intention to hold for a long term are classified as Securities and, based on the designation defined pursuant to Management strategies, they are recognized at fair value, in Other Comprehensive Income.

 

Itaú Unibanco applies its policies on a systematic basis, ensuring the consistency and comparability of its information, except when otherwise required by regulators, under amended regulations.

 

In 2015, there were no significant amendments to policies related to equity interests.

 

For further information on Itaú Unibanco’s accounting policies, please see Note 4 – “Summary of the main accounting practices”, to the Complete Financial Statements, that can be found on the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations.

 

The table below presents the amounts for corporate shareholdings classified as permanent assets, excluding those valued by equity accounting, and for investments in equity classified as securities, both of which are not included in the trading portfolio. As of December 31, 2015, the capital required for these shareholdings was R$ 61.0 million.

 

 

Investments in other entities          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Carrying Amount   573.9    580.6    860.2 
Public   396.7    395.5    105.4 
Private   177.2    185.1    754.8 
Fair value   715.1    721.1    969.2 
Public   516.3    515.0    206.9 
Private   198.8    206.1    762.2 
Gain or losses arising on investments in other entities   0.1    0.3    0.7 
Recognized and unrealized gain or losses   (159.2)   (132.6)   (228.1)
Unrecognized and unrealized gain or losses   141.1    140.5    106.7 

 

The risk of shareholdings not included in the trading portfolio is assessed, for ICAAP purposes, as part of the Itaú Unibanco risk assessment process.

 

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Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

5Credit Risk

 

5.1Framework and Treatment

 

Credit risk is the possibility of losses associated with: failure by a borrower, issuer or counterparty to fulfill their respective financial obligations as defined in the contracts; value loss of credit agreements resulting from deterioration of the borrower’s issuer’s or counterparty’s credit rating; reduction of profits or income; benefits granted upon subsequent renegotiations; or debt recovery costs.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s credit risk management and control structure establishes operational limits, risk mitigation mechanisms and processes, and instruments to measure, monitor and control risk that can quantify the credit risk inherent to all products, portfolio concentrations and the impacts of potential changes in the economic environment. The Bank’s portfolio, policies and strategies are continuously monitored so as to ensure compliance with the rules and laws in effect in each country.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s credit risk management is the primary responsibility of all Business Areas and is aimed at maintaining the quality of the credit portfolio at levels that are consistent with the institution’s risk appetite, for each market segment in which it operates. The Business Areas have to:

 

·Follow up and closely monitor the portfolios under their responsibility;
·Grant credit in accordance to the authority levels, market conditions, macroeconomic prospects, changes in markets and products and the effects of sector and geographic concentrations;
·Manage credit risk adopting actions that provide sustainability to its business.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s credit policy is based on internal factors, such as: client rating criteria, performance and evolution of the portfolio, default levels, return rates, and the allocated economic capital; and on external factors, related to the economic environment, interest rates, market default indicators, inflation and changes in consumption.

 

Itaú Unibanco has a structured process to maintain a diversified portfolio, which is considered appropriate by the institution. The concentrations are monitored continuously for economic sectors, and largest debtors, allowing preventive measures to be taken to avoid the violation of the established limits.

 

The credit risk management governance is conducted through collegiate bodies, and act primarily by assessing the competitive market conditions, setting the credit limits for the institution, reviewing control practices and policies, approving these actions at the respective authority levels. The risk communication and reporting process, including disclosure of institutional policies on credit risk management, are responsibility of this structure.

 

The credit risk control is carried out by an independent executive area segregated from the business units, as required by the current regulation. Among others, the mains responsibilities of the credit risk control area are to:

 

·Monitor and control the performance of the credit portfolios in view of the limits approved by senior management;
·Conduct the centralized control of the credit risk segregated from the business units;
·Manage the process of preparation, review and approval of institutional policies of credit risk, meeting the regulatory guidelines;
·Assess the credit risk of the operations at the authority levels appointed by the credit commissions.

 

The policies and products’ evaluation process enables the Itaú Unibanco to identify potential risks in order to ensure that credit decisions make sense from an economic and risk perspective.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s centralized process for approving credit policies and validating models ensures the synchronization of credit actions.

 

The credit rating process for wholesale transactions is based on information such as the economic and financial condition of the counterparty, its cash-generating capabilities, the economic group to which it belongs, the current and prospective situation of the economic sector in which it operates. Credit proposals are analyzed on a case-by-case basis through the approval governance.

 

With respect to retail transactions (individuals, small and medium companies), ratings are assigned based on statistical application and behavior score models. Decisions are met based on continuously monitored scoring models. Extraordinarily, an individual analysis of specific cases may be performed, in which case credit approval follows the applicable authority levels.

 

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Additionally, the risk assessment of both the retail segments and the wholesale segment incorporate client debts both to Itaú and the market.

 

Itaú Unibanco rates government securities and other debt instruments according to their credit quality with the purpose of managing the exposures.

 

Itaú Unibanco strictly controls credit exposure to clients and counterparties, acting on occasional limit breaches. In this sense, contractual covenants may be used, such as the right to demand early payment or require of additional collateral.

 

Itaú Unibanco counts on a specific structure and processes aimed at ensuring that the country risk is managed and controlled, including: (i) country risk governance; (ii) country ratings; (iii) credit limits for countries; (iv) limits monitoring; and (v) actions for limit breaches.

 

In line with the principles of CMN Resolution 3,721, Itaú Unibanco’s credit risk management structure and institutional policy are approved by its Board of Directors, applicable to all companies and subsidiaries in Brazil and abroad.

 

The guidelines of the institutional credit risk management policy can be accessed at http://www.itau.com.br/investor-relations, under Corporate Governance, Regulations and Policies, Public Access Report – Credit Risk.

 

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Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

5.2Credit Portfolio Analysis

 

The information presented in the following tables allow the analysis of the credit portfolio, and its behavior, from different view stands: operations with credit granting characteristics segregated by Brazil Geographic Regions, by Countries, economic sector, by type of product and remaining maturity, concentration of the credit portfolio on largest debtors and the amount of the overdue transactions and allowance for loan losses.

 

Operations with Credit Granting Characteristics by Brazil Geographic Regions and by Countries

 

Operations with Credit(1) Granting Characteristics in Brazil: Exposure           R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
   Southeast   South   North   Northeast   Midwest   Brazil   Brazil 
Individuals   124,620    21,737    7,805    29,951    12,896    197,009    197,346 
Rural Loans   175    31    -    2    5    213    213 
Real State   28,930    2,378    362    1,299    1,613    34,582    33,435 
Payroll   24,110    5,257    3,728    8,554    3,716    45,365    46,037 
Vehicle and Leasing   10,749    3,094    897    2,418    1,954    19,112    20,694 
Credit card   38,566    7,825    2,250    15,877    3,765    68,283    66,160 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   659    33    2    8    47    749    734 
Personal Loans (Other)   21,431    3,119    566    1,793    1,796    28,705    30,073 
Companies   227,634    20,361    2,022    8,676    5,454    264,147    291,491 
Rural Loans   5,207    3,540    6    255    350    9,358    9,888 
Investments   56,184    6,253    834    3,374    2,283    68,928    72,690 
Import and Export   26,068    1,275    188    619    180    28,330    30,045 
Working Capital, Discount Bonds and Guaranteed Account   87,920    8,398    895    4,031    2,403    103,647    104,107 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   49,455    391    35    159    96    50,136    71,081 
Other   2,800    504    64    238    142    3,748    3,680 
Total   352,254    42,098    9,827    38,627    18,350    461,156    488,837 

 

(1) The amount includes endorsements, sureties and committed loans, net of allowance for loan losses.

(2) From the 4th quarter of 20015, the BACEN Circular 3,770 has changed the Credit Conversion Factor (“Fator de Conversão de Crédito”) applied to some specific Endorsements and Sureties to 50%.

 

Operations with Credit(1) Granting Characteristics by Countries: Exposure             R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
   Brazil   Argentina   Chile   Colombia   United
States of
America
   Paraguay   United
Kingdon
   Switzerland   Uruguay   Other   Total   Total 
Individuals   197,009    1,489    19,622    -    -    2,864    -    -    2,666    -    223,650    220,607 
Rural Loans   213    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    213    213 
Real State   34,582    2    10,031    -    -    205    -    -    276    -    45,096    44,087 
Payroll   45,365    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    45,365    46,037 
Vehicle and Leasing   19,112    -    -    -    -    165    -    -    -    -    19,277    20,869 
Credit card   68,283    1,134    1,443    -    -    784    -    -    1,600    -    73,244    71,289 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   749    -    10    -    -    -    -    -    17    -    776    755 
Personal Loans (Other)   28,705    353    8,138    -    -    1,710    -    -    773    -    39,679    37,357 
Companies   264,147    3,488    23,530    478    4,004    5,032    13,004    2,121    5,833    373    322,010    354,454 
Rural Loans   9,358    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    9,358    9,888 
Investments   68,928    3    2,546    -    -    8    32    -    94    -    71,611    75,417 
Import and Export   28,330    304    295    -    3,818    -    3,995    2,066    49    -    38,857    41,286 
Working Capital, Discount Bonds and Guaranteed Account   103,647    2,536    18,846    478    -    4,793    8,736    -    5,322    340    144,698    148,783 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   50,136    645    1,843    -    186    230    241    55    368    33    53,737    75,399 
Other   3,748    -    -    -    -    1    -    -    -    -    3,749    3,681 
Total   461,156    4,977    43,152    478    4,004    7,896    13,004    2,121    8,499    373    545,660    575,061 

(1) The amount includes endorsements, sureties and committed loans, net of allowance for loan losses.

(2) From the 4th quarter of 20015, the BACEN Circular 3,770 has changed the Credit Conversion Factor (“Fator de Conversão de Crédito”) applied to some specific Endorsements and Sureties to 50%.

 

Operations with Credit(1) Granting Characteristics in Brazil: Quarterly Average Exposure      R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
   Southeast   South   North   Northeast   Midwest   Brazil   Brazil 
Individuals   124,536    21,780    7,869    29,990    13,003    197,178    198,732 
Rural Loans   175    31    -    1    6    213    210 
Real State   28,372    2,324    357    1,376    1,580    34,009    32,495 
Payroll   24,283    5,296    3,752    8,602    3,767    45,700    46,112 
Vehicle and Leasing   11,242    3,204    929    2,493    2,036    19,904    21,649 
Credit card   37,878    7,690    2,247    15,679    3,729    67,223    67,284 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   648    33    2    9    49    741    698 
Personal Loans (Other)   21,938    3,202    582    1,830    1,836    29,388    30,284 
Companies   240,704    20,536    2,087    8,890    5,604    277,821    289,851 
Rural Loans   5,282    3,634    11    254    443    9,624    8,761 
Investments   57,565    6,483    877    3,577    2,307    70,809    74,132 
Import and Export   26,882    1,313    193    605    196    29,189    27,142 
Working Capital, Discount Bonds and Guaranteed Account   88,348    8,189    909    4,031    2,401    103,878    105,662 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   59,903    394    34    178    99    60,608    70,883 
Other   2,724    523    63    245    158    3,713    3,271 
Total   365,240    42,316    9,956    38,880    18,607    474,999    488,583 

(1) The amount includes endorsements, sureties and committed loans, net of allowance for loan losses.

(2) From the 4th quarter of 20015, the BACEN Circular 3,770 has changed the Credit Conversion Factor (“Fator de Conversão de Crédito”) applied to some specific Endorsements and Sureties to 50%.

  

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Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Operations with Credit(1) Granting Characteristics by Countries: Quarterly Average Exposure       R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
   Brazil   Argentina   Chile   Colombia   United
States of
America
   Paraguay   United
Kingdon
   Switzerland   Uruguay   Other   Total   Total 
Individuals   197,178    1,642    17,836    -    -    2,956    -    -    2,515    -    222,127    221,343 
Rural Loans   213    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    213    210 
Real State   34,009    2    10,106    -    -    201    -    -    274    -    44,592    42,220 
Payroll   45,700    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    45,700    46,112 
Vehicle and Leasing   19,904    -    -    -    -    170    -    -    -    -    20,074    21,812 
Credit card   67,223    1,229    1,440    -    -    841    -    -    1,534    -    72,267    71,954 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   741    -    10    -    -    -    -    -    13    -    764    753 
Personal Loans (Other)   29,388    411    6,280    -    -    1,744    -    -    694    -    38,517    38,282 
Companies   277,821    3,673    25,713    467    4,037    4,825    13,427    2,239    5,798    233    338,233    344,968 
Rural Loans   9,624    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    9,624    8,761 
Investments   70,809    4    2,562    -    -    9    33    -    96    -    73,513    76,651 
Import and Export   29,189    265    319    -    3,844    -    4,249    2,182    25    -    40,073    37,166 
Working Capital, Discount Bonds and Guaranteed Account   103,878    2,745    20,651    467    -    4,563    8,884    -    5,355    199    146,742    144,493 
Endorsements and Sureties(2)   60,608    659    2,181    -    193    252    261    57    322    34    64,567    74,625 
Other   3,713    -    -    -    -    1    -    -    -    -    3,714    3,272 
Total   474,999    5,315    43,549    467    4,037    7,781    13,427    2,239    8,313    233    560,360    566,311 

(1) The amount includes endorsements, sureties and committed loans, net of allowance for loan losses.

(2) From the 4th quarter of 20015, the BACEN Circular 3,770 has changed the Credit Conversion Factor (“Fator de Conversão de Crédito”) applied to some specific Endorsements and Sureties to 50%.

 

Operations with Credit Granting Characteristics by Economic Sector

 

The composition of loan portfolios by economic sector is presented below:

 

Operations with Credit Granting Characteristics in Brazil(1): Exposure R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
Individuals  Rural Loans   Real State   Payroll   Vehicle and
Leasing
   Credit Card   Endorsements
and Sureties(2)
   Personal Loans
(Other)
   Total   Total 
Total   213    45,096    45,365    19,277    73,244    776    39,679    223,650    220,607 

(1) The amount includes endorsements, sureties and committed loans, net of allowance for loan losses.

(2) From the 4th quarter of 20015, the BACEN Circular 3,770 has changed the Credit Conversion Factor (“Fator de Conversão de Crédito”) applied to some specific Endorsements and Sureties to 50%.

 

 

Operations with Credit(1) Granting Characteristics in Brazil: Exposure                           R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
                           Working Capital,                            
   Rural Loans   Investments   Import and Export   Discount Bonds and
Guaranteed Account
   Endorsements and
Sureties(3)
   Other   Total   Total 
Companies   Total    %    Total    %    Total    %    Total    %    Total    %    Total    %    Total    %    Total    % 
Public Sector   -    0.0%   1,813    2.5%   1,065    2.7%   331    0.2%   803    1.5%   -    0.0%   4,012    1.2%   4,697    1.3%
ENERGY   -    0.0%   -    0.0%   -    0.0%   90    0.1%   -    0.0%   -    0.0%   90    0.0%   133    0.0%
PETROCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL   -    0.0%   1,732    2.4%   1,021    2.6%   5    0.0%   752    1.4%   -    0.0%   3,510    1.1%   4,215    1.2%
SUNDRY   -    0.0%   81    0.1%   44    0.1%   236    0.2%   51    0.1%   -    0.0%   412    0.1%   349    0.1%
Private Sector   9,358    100.0%   69,798    97.5%   37,792    97.3%   144,367    99.8%   52,934    98.5%   3,749    100.0%   317,998    98.8%   349,757    98.7%
SUGAR AND ALCOHOL   1,147    12.3%   5,389    7.5%   2,562    6.6%   503    0.3%   629    1.2%   52    1.4%   10,282    3.2%   10,536    3.0%
AGRIBUSINESS AND FERTILIZERS   2,166    23.1%   1,972    2.8%   3,903    10.0%   6,500    4.5%   1,342    2.5%   56    1.5%   15,939    4.9%   17,298    4.9%
FOOD AND BEVERAGE   1,443    15.4%   3,559    5.0%   1,773    4.6%   5,909    4.1%   4,879    9.1%   96    2.6%   17,659    5.5%   20,691    5.8%
BANKS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS   554    5.9%   373    0.5%   5    0.0%   6,728    4.6%   2,135    4.0%   6    0.2%   9,801    3.0%   12,411    3.5%
CAPITAL ASSETS   152    1.6%   2,896    4.0%   1,256    3.2%   2,628    1.8%   1,803    3.4%   182    4.9%   8,917    2.8%   9,695    2.7%
PULP AND PAPER   102    1.1%   873    1.2%   1,449    3.7%   818    0.6%   264    0.5%   11    0.3%   3,517    1.1%   3,772    1.1%
ELECTRONIC AND IT   1    0.0%   541    0.8%   266    0.7%   3,118    2.2%   1,799    3.3%   120    3.2%   5,845    1.8%   6,839    1.9%
PACKAGING   -    0.0%   500    0.7%   441    1.1%   1,745    1.2%   411    0.8%   135    3.6%   3,232    1.0%   3,379    1.0%
ENERGY AND SEWAGE   -    0.0%   4,595    6.4%   59    0.2%   3,050    2.1%   4,930    9.2%   342    9.1%   12,976    4.0%   12,398    3.5%
EDUCATION   8    0.1%   259    0.4%   -    0.0%   1,189    0.8%   684    1.3%   33    0.9%   2,173    0.7%   2,156    0.6%
PHARMACEUTICALS AND COSMETICS   -    0.0%   395    0.6%   453    1.2%   3,443    2.4%   1,635    3.0%   94    2.5%   6,020    1.9%   7,185    2.0%
REAL ESTATE AGENTS   15    0.2%   14,880    20.8%   13    0.0%   8,056    5.6%   1,453    2.7%   175    4.7%   24,592    7.6%   25,969    7.3%
ENTERTAINMENT AND TOURISM   -    0.0%   425    0.6%   29    0.1%   3,501    2.4%   402    0.7%   155    4.1%   4,512    1.4%   4,520    1.3%
WOOD AND FURNITURE   37    0.4%   730    1.0%   367    0.9%   1,625    1.1%   122    0.2%   100    2.7%   2,981    0.9%   3,166    0.9%
CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL   1    0.0%   1,747    2.4%   644    1.7%   3,506    2.4%   1,334    2.5%   105    2.8%   7,337    2.3%   8,145    2.3%
STEEL AND METALLURGY   41    0.4%   2,416    3.4%   2,156    5.5%   6,072    4.2%   1,551    2.9%   206    5.5%   12,442    3.9%   13,447    3.8%
MEDIA   -    0.0%   481    0.7%   97    0.2%   445    0.3%   285    0.5%   18    0.5%   1,326    0.4%   1,577    0.4%
MINING   3    0.0%   845    1.2%   734    1.9%   3,325    2.3%   2,128    4.0%   13    0.3%   7,048    2.2%   7,945    2.2%
INFRASTRUCTURE WORK   -    0.0%   1,175    1.6%   629    1.6%   1,837    1.3%   2,023    3.8%   116    3.1%   5,780    1.8%   6,375    1.8%
OIL AND GAS (2)   112    1.2%   512    0.7%   516    1.3%   3,963    2.7%   1,285    2.4%   47    1.3%   6,435    2.0%   6,780    1.9%
PETROCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL   250    2.7%   1,530    2.1%   2,329    6.0%   3,555    2.5%   1,534    2.9%   238    6.3%   9,436    2.9%   10,534    3.0%
HEALTH CARE   1    0.0%   565    0.8%   44    0.1%   1,565    1.1%   345    0.6%   32    0.9%   2,552    0.8%   2,721    0.8%
INSURANCE AND REINSURANCE AND PENSION P   -    0.0%   -    0.0%   -    0.0%   12    0.0%   84    0.2%   -    0.0%   96    0.0%   93    0.0%
TELECOMMUNICATIONS   -    0.0%   569    0.8%   -    0.0%   768    0.5%   4,798    8.9%   8    0.2%   6,143    1.9%   9,471    2.7%
CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR   91    1.0%   875    1.2%   690    1.8%   3,061    2.1%   460    0.9%   123    3.3%   5,300    1.6%   5,566    1.6%
TRADING   31    0.3%   145    0.2%   435    1.1%   1,141    0.8%   618    1.2%   21    0.6%   2,391    0.7%   2,503    0.7%
TRANSPORTATION   10    0.1%   8,523    11.9%   822    2.1%   4,693    3.2%   1,597    3.0%   237    6.3%   15,882    4.9%   17,616    5.0%
DOMESTIC APPLIANCES   -    0.0%   140    0.2%   285    0.7%   1,664    1.1%   416    0.8%   15    0.4%   2,520    0.8%   2,696    0.8%
VEHICLES AND AUTOPARTS   2    0.0%   5,446    7.6%   3,486    9.0%   6,655    4.6%   4,741    8.8%   188    5.0%   20,518    6.4%   22,668    6.4%
THIRD SECTOR   -    0.0%   23    0.0%   -    0.0%   3,778    2.6%   27    0.1%   2    0.1%   3,830    1.2%   3,878    1.1%
PUBLISHING AND PRINTING   -    0.0%   137    0.2%   41    0.1%   753    0.5%   174    0.3%   68    1.8%   1,173    0.4%   1,274    0.4%
COMMERCE - SUNDRY   14    0.1%   1,194    1.7%   704    1.8%   14,824    10.2%   1,921    3.6%   371    9.9%   19,028    5.9%   18,253    5.1%
INDUSTRY - SUNDRY   14    0.1%   106    0.1%   5,297    13.6%   5,011    3.5%   282    0.5%   10    0.3%   10,720    3.3%   11,874    3.3%
SUNDRY SERVICES   138    1.5%   2,430    3.4%   5,684    14.6%   19,648    13.6%   2,565    4.8%   303    8.1%   30,768    9.6%   35,053    9.9%
SUNDRY   3,025    32.3%   3,552    5.0%   623    1.6%   9,278    6.4%   2,278    4.2%   71    1.9%   18,827    5.8%   21,273    6.0%
Total   9,358    100.0%   71,611    100.0%   38,857    100.0%   144,698    100.0%   53,737    100.0%   3,749    100.0%   322,010    100.0%   354,454    100.0%

(1) Including sureties, endorsements and credit commitments, netted from allowance for loan losses.

(2) Comprises trade of fuel.

(3) From the 4th quarter of 20015, the BACEN Circular 3,770 has changed the Credit Conversion Factor (“Fator de Conversão de Crédito”) applied to some specific Endorsements and Sureties to 50%. 

 

22 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Remaining maturity of loan transactions

 

The table below presents the remaining maturity of operations with credit granting characteristics detailed by type of products:

 

Remaining maturities of loan transactions (1)             R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
   up to 6   6 to 12   1 to 5       up to 6   6 to 12   1 to 5     
   months   months   years   above 5 years   months   months   years   above 5 years 
Individuals  60,514   5,415   58,294   65,496   58,984   5,226   56,566   68,019 
Rural Loans   21    83    96    9    51    50    94    11 
Real State   8    34    932    44,122    279    28    938    42,843 
Payroll   290    895    24,970    19,209    276    761    21,395    23,606 
Vehicle and Leasing   716    2,077    16,479    4    832    1,973    18,059    6 
Credit card   52,815    -    -    -    49,953    -    -    - 
Guarantees   204    109    162    300    120    186    148    300 
Personal Loans (Other)   6,460    2,217    15,655    1,852    7,473    2,228    15,932    1,253 
Companies   85,858    31,499    116,863    69,052    85,191    33,880    118,078    92,342 
Rural Loans   3,938    3,142    1,810    295    3,799    3,692    1,617    257 
Investments   6,130    6,198    35,503    17,974    5,519    7,352    37,817    17,827 
Import and Export   13,652    4,845    16,098    4,264    15,194    4,339    16,475    5,274 
Working Capital, Discount Bonds and Guaranteed Account   52,866    11,358    50,544    17,556    51,412    11,352    48,424    20,454 
Endorsements and Sureties   9,171    5,812    10,129    28,238    9,173    6,968    10,747    48,120 
Other   101    144    2,779    725    94    177    2,998    410 
Total   146,372    36,914    175,157    134,548    144,175    39,106    174,644    160,361 

(1) Do not include loan commitments.

 

Concentration on the Major Debtors                        
                         
Concentration of Largest Clients with Credit Granting Characteristics          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   Exposure   % of portfolio   Exposure   % of portfolio   Exposure   % of portfolio 
Loan, Lease and Other Credit Operations (1)  12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Largest debtor   4,754    0.9%   5,099    0.9%   5,324    1.0%
10 largest debtors   35,526    6.5%   35,257    6.4%   32,788    6.2%
20 largest debtors   55,184    10.1%   54,978    10.0%   53,209    10.1%
50 largest debtors   92,745    17.1%   92,304    16.8%   88,485    16.8%
100 largest debtors   123,664    22.7%   124,456    22.7%   118,679    22.6%

(1) The amounts include endorsements and sureties. Do not include loan commitments.

 

Concentration of Major Clients with Credit Granting Characteristics          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   Exposure   % of portfolio   Exposure   % of portfolio   Exposure   % of portfolio 
Loan, Lease and Other Credit Operations and Securities of Companies and Financial Institutions(1)  12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Largest debtor   8,051    1.3%   8,014    1.2%   5,507    0.9%
10 largest debtors   51,672    8.1%   52,285    8.0%   41,262    6.8%
20 largest debtors   82,208    12.8%   83,505    12.8%   68,924    11.3%
50 largest debtors   134,405    21.0%   138,994    21.2%   119,972    19.7%
100 largest debtors   175,681    27.4%   184,116    28.1%   160,805    26.5%

(1) The amounts include endorsements and sureties. Do not include loan commitments. 

 

23 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Overdue Amounts

 

The table below presents the balance of overdue amounts:

 

Overdue Amounts: by Brazil Regions and Countries                  R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
       61 to 90   91 to 180   181 to 360   Above 360       61 to 90   91 to 180   181 to 360   Above 360 
   15 to 60 days   days   days   days   days   15 to 60 days   days   days   days   days 
Southeast   5,531    1,808    4,545    4,866    347    7,057    1,731    4,398    5,123    252 
South   994    363    820    914    66    1,119    337    812    826    56 
North   303    92    214    247    24    312    85    194    261    16 
Northeast   865    367    982    1,241    84    1,053    366    909    1,052    56 
Midwest   566    223    452    524    44    582    193    413    487    33 
Brazil   8,259    2,853    7,013    7,792    565    10,123    2,712    6,726    7,749    413 
Foreign   927    133    269    212    71    950    165    293    289    53 
Total   9,186    2,986    7,282    8,004    636    11,073    2,877    7,019    8,038    466 

 

Overdue Amounts: by Economic Sector                      R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
       61 to 90   91 to 180   181 to 360   Above 360       61 to 90   91 to 180   181 to 360   Above 360 
   15 to 60 days   days   days   days   days   15 to 60 days   days   days   days   days 
Public Sector   -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    - 
Private Sector   9,186    2,986    7,282    8,004    636    11,073    2,877    7,019    8,038    466 
Companies   3,309    844    2,474    2,209    197    4,578    842    2,229    2,914    140 
Industry and Commerce   1,376    496    1,168    1,199    126    2,067    412    1,232    1,543    87 
Services   1,495    322    1,036    650    44    2,234    359    585    1,187    42 
Primary   423    24    265    350    26    262    69    403    178    11 
Other   15    2    5    10    1    15    2    9    6    - 
Individuals   5,877    2,142    4,808    5,795    439    6,495    2,035    4,790    5,124    326 
Total   9,186    2,986    7,282    8,004    636    11,073    2,877    7,019    8,038    466 

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

In order to be hedged against losses arising from loan operations, Itaú Unibanco takes into consideration all the aspects that determine the client’s credit risk to determine the provision level that is appropriate to the risk incurred in each operation. For each operation, the assessment and the client or economic group rating, the operation rating, and the possible existence of past due amounts are taken into account and the volume of the regulatory provision is determined.

                                 
Allowance for Loan Losses - Quarterly evolution                  R$ million 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015 
       Necessary               Necessary         
   Opening Balance   accounting net
provisions
   Write-Off   Final Balance   Opening Balance   accounting net
provisions
   Write-Off   Final Balance 
Public Sector   (1)   -    -    (1)   (2)   1    -    (1)
Private Sector   (33,673)   (5,699)   5,852    (33,520)   (27,652)   (10,192)   4,171    (33,673)
Companies   (16,135)   (2,215)   3,174    (15,176)   (12,232)   (5,451)   1,548    (16,135)
Industry and Commerce   (6,437)   (1)   1,124    (5,314)   (5,429)   (1,910)   902    (6,437)
Services   (7,784)   (2,322)   1,920    (8,186)   (5,882)   (2,449)   547    (7,784)
Primary   (1,891)   106    128    (1,657)   (898)   (1,089)   96    (1,891)
Other   (23)   2    2    (19)   (23)   (3)   3    (23)
Individuals   (17,538)   (3,484)   2,678    (18,344)   (15,420)   (4,741)   2,623    (17,538)
Total   (33,674)   (5,699)   5,852    (33,521)   (27,654)   (10,191)   4,171    (33,674)

  

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Mitigating Instruments

 

Itaú Unibanco uses guarantees aiming at increasing resiliencies in operations with credit risk. The using guarantees can be personal guarantees, secured guarantees, legal structures with mitigating power and netting arrangements.

 

When used for managerial purposes, to be considered as credit risk mitigation instrument, the guarantees need to comply with requirements and determinations of the regulations that govern the guarantees, whether internal or external and are legally valid (effective), enforceable and regularly evaluated. In the case of tangible collateral, legal structures with mitigating effects and set-off agreements, mitigation depends on established methods jointly approved by the business units responsible for managing credit risk and the central credit risk control area. Such methods take into account factors relating to the legal enforcement of the security, the costs involved in the process and the expected execution value, considering market volatility and liquidity. Additionally, fiduciary guarantees and the purchase of protection through credit derivatives mitigate credit risk by substituting the taker’s risk parameters with those of the guarantor.

 

Itaú Unibanco uses credit derivatives, such as single name CDS, to mitigate the credit risk of its portfolios of securities. These instruments are priced based on models that use the fair value of market inputs, such as credit spreads, recovery rates, correlations and interest rates.

 

The credit limits are continuously monitored and changed according to client behavior. Thus, the potential loss values represent a fraction of the amount available.

 

The table below presents the total amount mitigated by risk mitigating instruments (personal and secured guarantees) as defined in BACEN Circular 3,644, Art. 36, 3rd paragraph.

 

It is worth noting that purchase and sale commitments and residential real estate or first mortgage-backed loan operations are considered when determining risk weights assets.

 

Total Mitigation          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Demand and time deposits, savings and own financial credit bills   318,628    287,112    308,239 
FPR 0%   318,628    287,112    308,239 
Securities   14,360    12,748    42,530 
FPR 0%   14,360    12,748    42,530 
Personal Guarantee   35,665    36,036    30,774 
FPR 0%   3,647    3,972    2,646 
FPR 50%   32,017    32,064    28,128 

  

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Counterparty Credit Risk

 

Itaú Unibanco sees the counterparty credit risk as a possibility of noncompliance, by a given counterparty, with obligations related to the settlement of transactions that involve the trading of financial assets with a bilateral risk, including those related to the settlement of derivative financial instruments. Additionally, Itaú Unibanco includes the risk of deterioration of the credit quality of the counterparty in its risk assessment.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s structure for managing, monitoring and controlling the counterparty credit risk arising from derivative financial instruments and other financial instruments, is inserted in the credit risk management framework.

 

For management purposes, counterparty credit risk is managed and measured by considering the potential credit risk (RCP) of transactions using an internal model with a 95% confidence level. The RCP is the value of the potential financial exposure that a transaction can attain upon maturity, and it is used to define utilization of credit risk limits attributed to counterparties. During the life of a derivatives contract, the adjustments on marking the transaction to market and the credit risk spread attaching to over-the-counter trades are the chief instruments used to measure possible losses in respect of Counterparty Credit Risk. After the maturity of a derivatives contract, Itaú Unibanco’s practice is to set up a provision for the amounts receivable on these instruments.

 

The table below presents the notional value of the contracts subject to the counterparty credit risk. According to Circular No. 3,644, for the calculation of the net global exposure to the counterparty credit risk arising from operations with derivative financial instruments, the application of the Future Potential Exposure Factor (FEPF) is considered. In the case of unsettled operations, the application of the Unsettled Operation Credit Conversion Factor (FCL) is considered. The application of these factors reduces the final exposure of the operations subject to the counterparty credit risk.

 

Notional Amount of Contracts Subject to the Counterparty Credit Risk          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Notional Amount   1,978,818    1,976,414    1,582,323 
Settled in Settlement Systems (Stock Exchange) (1)   768,410    805,968    359,916 
Not Settled in Settlement Systems (Over-The-Counter)   1,210,408    1,170,446    1,222,407 
With Guarantees   561,251    476,557    507,606 
Without Guarantees   649,157    693,889    714,800 

(1) amounts related to contracts settled in the settlement system of a clearing house for the financial settlement of operations in which the house operates as the central counterparty.

 

The tables below presents the gross positive amount and the amount of the guarantees of the contracts subject to the counterparty credit risk.

 

Gross Positive Amount of Contracts Subject to the Counterparty Credit Risk          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Total Gross Positive Amount   604,210    540,349    536,891 
Repurchase agreements   567,890    483,875    513,208 
Others   36,320    56,474    23,683 

Guarantees of Contracts Subject to the Counterparty Credit Risk          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Gross Amount of the Guarantees   561,251    476,557    507,606 

 

The table below presents the net global exposure to the credit risk of the counterparty, calculated in accordance with the criteria of Circular No. 3,664 and applying the Future Potential Exposure and Unsettled Operation Credit Conversion factors.

 

Exposure to the Counterparty Credit Risk          R$ million 
   Prudencial   Operacional 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Net Global Exposure to the Counterparty Credit Risk   35,948    44,885    32,376 

  

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Acquisitions, Sale or Transfer of Financial Assets

 

The acquisition of financial assets follows the same policies and the same credit governance established for the portfolios originated at Itaú Unibanco, where decision-making is based on the objective assessment of the borrowers’ credit risk. Financial asset acquisitions can aim at increasing loan portfolio diversification or meeting the clients’ demands for liquidity. The purpose of the sale and transfer of financial assets is to meet investor demand for credit assets and be used as a portfolio credit risk management instrument.

 

Credit assignments (transfers of receivables) carried out through December 2011 were recorded in accordance with current regulation together with income recognition at the time of the assignment, regardless of the risks and benefits being retained or not.

 

Since beginning January 2012, as provided for by CMN Resolution No. 3,533 and supplementary regulation, accounting records take into consideration the retention or non-retention of risks and benefits on sale or transfers of financial assets.

 

Sale or Transfer of Financial Assets          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Balance of exposures assigned with significant withholding of risks and benefits   171    183    222 
Balance of sale of exposure with substantial retention of risks and benefits   5,497    5,591    4,337 
Credit rights Investments Fund (FIDC)   -    -    - 
Securitization Companies   5,474    5,564    4,337 
Financial institutions   23    27    - 
Specific Purpose Company (SPE)   -    -    - 
Balance of sale of exposure without substantial transfer or retention of risks and benefits   -    -    - 

 

Sale or Transfer of Financial Assets                  R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   4th quarter   3rd quarter   2nd quarter   1st quarter   4th quarter 
   2015   2015   2015   2015   2014 
Flow of sale exposure in the quarter with substantial transfer of risks and rewards   946    50    442    206    1,248 
Credit rights Investments Fund (FIDC)   -    2    -    -    25 
Securitization Companies   675    5    442    173    1,174 
Financial institutions   15    43    -    33    - 
Specific Purpose Company (SPE)   -    -    -    -    - 
Other(1)   256    -    -    -    49 
Total exposures assigned honored, repurchased, or written-off   117    151    141    175    178 

 (1) Transfer of college credits held with the public sector.  

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Acquisition of Financial Assets          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Acquisitions of loan portfolios WITH the retention of assignor's risks and rewards               
a) By type of exposure   3,692    3,932    5,390 
Individuals - Payroll   -    1    14 
Individuals - Vehicle and Leasing   2,592    2,932    3,274 
Companies -Loans (CCB)   1,086    981    2,067 
Companies - Other   14    18    35 
b) By type of assignor   3,692    3,932    5,390 
Credit rights Investments Fund (FIDC)   -    -    - 
Securitization Companies   -    -    - 
Financial institutions   3,692    3,932    5,390 
Specific Purpose Company (SPE)   -    -    - 

Acquisition of Financial Assets          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Acquisitions of loan portfolios with NO retention of assignor's risks and rewards               
a) By type of exposure   6,542    7,537    10,669 
Individuals – Payroll   6,542    7,537    10,669 
b) By type of assignor   6,542    7,537    10,669 
Credit rights Investments Fund (FIDC)   -    -    - 
Securitization Companies   -    -    - 
Financial institutions   6,542    7,537    10,669 
Specific Purpose Company (SPE)   -    -    - 

 

Operations of Securitization

 

Itaú Unibanco’s portfolio includes securities arising from securitization processes. The portfolio is made up of Securitized Real Estate Loans (CRI), quotas of Credit Rights Investment Funds (FIDC) and Agribusiness Receivables Certificate (CRA).

 

The CRIs are backed by real estate loans and predominantly are not subordinated. The quotas of FIDCs are usually senior and backed by receivables, such as trade notes, promissory notes. The CRAs are backed by receivables linked to agribusiness.

 

Itaú Unibanco classifies securities arising from securitization processes based on the governance of products determined, and the credit is approved at the proper authority levels. The balances of these operations are presented below.

 

Securitization Exposures (1)          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   31/12/2014 
CRI   17,694    18,053    16,071 
Mortgage Loans   17,694    18,053    16,071 
Single-Tranche   15,660    15,982    13,548 
Senior   -    -    - 
Subordinated   2,034    2,071    2,523 
CRA   25    33    53 
Credit Related to Agribusiness   25    33    53 
Single-Tranche   25    33    53 
Senior   -    -    - 
Subordinated   -    -    - 
FIDC   -    9    47 
Credit Rights   -    9    47 
Single-Tranche   -    -    - 
Senior   -    9    47 
Subordinated   -    -    - 
Total   17,719    18,095    16,171 

(1) values of traditional securitization.

 

Itaú Unibanco follows risk retention guidelines as defined at Resolutions 3,533 of the CMN. 

 

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Then there is the summary of the securitization activity in the period:

 

Securitization Activities in the Period(1)          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   4th quarter 2015   3rd quarter 2015   4th quarter 2014 
CRI   266    47    1,380 
Mortgage Loans   266    47    1,380 
FIDC   -    -    - 
Credit Rights   -    -    - 
FII   -    397    - 
Real estate credit bills   -    397    - 
CRA   675    -    834 
Credit Rights   675    -    834 
Total   941    444    2,214 

(1) values of traditional securitization.

 

Credit Derivatives

 

Itaú Unibanco buys and sells credit protection mainly related to securities of the Brazilian government and securities of Brazilian listed companies in order to meet the needs of its customers. When Itaú Unibanco sells contracts for credit protection, the exposure for a given reference entity may be partially or totally offset by a credit protection purchase contract of another counterparty for the same reference entity or similar entity. The credit derivatives for which Itaú Unibanco is protection seller are credit default swap (CDS) and total return swap (TRS).

 

CDS is credit derivative in which, upon a credit event related to the reference entity pursuant to the terms of the contract, the protection buyer is entitled to receive, from the protection seller, the amount equivalent to the difference between the face value of the CDS contract and the fair value of the liability on the date the contract was settled, also known as the recovered amount. The protection buyer does not need to hold the debt instrument of the reference entity for it to receive the amounts due pursuant to the CDS contract terms when a credit event occurs.

 

TRS is a transaction in which a party swaps the total return of a reference entity or of a basket of assets for regular cash flows, usually interest and a guarantee against capital loss. In a TRS contract, the parties do not transfer the ownership of the assets.

 

The maximum potential loss that may be incurred with the credit derivative is based on the notional amount of the derivative. Itaú Unibanco believes that, based on its historical experience, the maximum potential loss does not represent the expected loss. It happens because, when a loss event occurs, the amount of maximum potential loss should be reduced from the notional amount by the recoverable amount.

 

The credit derivatives sold are not covered by guarantees, and during the fourth quarter of 2015, Itaú Unibanco has not incurred any loss related to credit derivative contracts.

 

The table below shows the nominal value of purchased credit derivatives that are identical to those that Itaú Unibanco acts as seller of protection underlying values.

 

Notional Amount of Credit Derivatives Held in Portfolio          R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Risk Transferred   3,863    3,835    2,661 
Credit Default Swap (CDS)   3,863    3,835    2,661 
Total Return Swap (TRS)   -    -    - 
Risk Received   (8,799)   (9,050)   (8,500)
Credit Default Swap (CDS)   (8,799)   (9,050)   (6,829)
Total Return Swap (TRS)   -    -    (1,671)
Total   (4,936)   (5,215)   (5,839)
Required capital of Risk Received   (467)   (461)   (360)

  

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Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

6Market Risk

 

6.1Framework and Treatment

 

Market risk is the possibility of losses resulting from fluctuations in the market values of positions held by a financial institution, usually the risks caused by variations in foreign exchange rates, interest rates, price indexes, equity and commodity prices, with various indexes based on these risk factors.

 

At Itaú Unibanco, market risk management is the process by which management monitors and controls risk of variations in the financial instruments, due to market movements, while aiming to optimize the risk-return ratio through an adequate limits structure, alerts, effective risk management models and related management tools.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s institutional policies and general market risk management framework are in line with the principles of CMN Resolution No. 3,464, and subsequent amendments. These principles guide the institution’s approach to market risk control and management across all business units and legal entities of Itaú Unibanco.

 

The document that details the market risk control institutional policy is on the Investor Relations website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations, in the route: Corporate Governance, Rules and Policies, Public Access Report - Market Risk.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s market risk management strategy is aimed at balancing corporate business goals, taking into account, among other things:

 

·Political, economic and market conditions;
·The profile of Itau Unibanco’s portfolio; and
·Expertise within the group to support operations in specific markets.

 

Itaú Unibanco’s market risk management framework is subject to the governance and hierarchy of committees and to a structure of limits and alerts, with specific limits assigned to different levels and classes of market risk (such as interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, among others). This structure of limits and alerts covers from aggregated risk indicators at the portfolio level, to more granular limits at the individual desk level. The market risk limits framework extends to the risk factor level, with specific limits and is aim to improve the process of risk monitoring and understanding as well as prevent risk concentration. Limits and alerts are calibrated based on projections of future balance sheets, stockholders’ equity, liquidity, complexity and market volatility and the Itaú Unibanco’s risk appetite. Limits are monitored on a daily basis and breaches and potential breaches of limits are reported and discussed in accordance with the following procedure:

 

·within one business day, for management responsible for the business units and executives in the risk control area and business areas; and
·within one month, for the competent committees.

 

Daily risk reports used by the business and control areas are distributed to the executives officers. In addition, Itaú Unibanco’s market risk management and control process is subject to periodic reviews.

 

The structure of limits and alerts follows Board of Directors guidelines. These are approved by committees. The process for defining limit levels and reporting violations is subject to the approval governance of Itaú Unibanco institutional policies. The established information flow is intended to provide this information to the various executive levels of the institution, including members of the Board of Directors through the committees responsible for risk management.

 

The key principles underlying Itaú Unibanco’s market risk control structure are as follows:

 

·Provide visibility and comfort for all senior management levels that market risks assumed must be in line with our risk-return objectives;
·Provide disciplined and informed dialogue of the overall market risk profile and its evolution over time;
·There must be transparency as to how the business works to optimize results;
·The market risk control structure must provide early warning mechanisms to facilitate effective risk management, without obstructing the business objectives; and
·Concentration of risks must be monitored and avoided.

 

Market risk management and control process is subject to periodic reviews, to ensure it reflects alignment with best market practices, and continuous improvement over time. 

 

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Market risk is controlled by an area independent of the business units, which is responsible for the following daily activities: (i) measuring and assessing risk, (ii) monitoring stress scenarios, limits and alerts, (iii) applying, analyzing and testing stress scenarios, (iv) reporting risk to the individuals responsible in the business units, in compliance with Itaú Unibanco´s governance, (v) monitoring the measures needed to adjust positions and/or risk levels to make them viable, and (vi) supporting the secure launch of new financial products. For this, there is a structured process of communication and information flow, which provides information to committees and ensures compliance with the requirements of Brazilian and foreign regulatory agencies.

 

Itaú Unibanco hedges transactions with clients and proprietary positions, including its foreign investments, in order to mitigate risk arising from fluctuations in market risk factors and maintain the positions on the breaching limits. Derivatives are commonly used for these hedging activities. When these transactions are classified as hedges for accounting purposes, specific supporting documentation is provided, including ongoing follow-up of hedge effectiveness (retrospective and prospective) and other changes in the accounting process. The accounting and managerial hedging procedures are governed by the institutional polices of Itaú Unibanco.

 

Hedge accounting considerations are presented in detail in explanatory Note 7g V –Accounting hedge” of the Complete Financial Statements, that can be found on the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations.

 

Market risk framework categorizes transactions as part of either the Banking Book or the Trading Book, in accordance with general criteria established by CMN Resolution No. 3,464 and BACEN Circular No. 3,354.

 

Trading Book is composed of all trades with financial and commodity instruments (including derivatives) undertaken with the intention of trading them.

 

Banking Book is predominantly characterized by portfolios originated from the banking business and operations related to the management of the institution’s balance sheet. As a general rule, this book’s portfolios are intended to be either held to maturity, or sold in the medium and in the long run.

 

Market risk exposures inherent in various financial instruments, including derivatives, are composed of various risk factors that refer to a market parameter whose variation impacts a position’s valuation. The main risk factors measured by Itaú Unibanco are as follow:

 

·Interest rates: the risk of losses from transactions subject to interest rates variation;
·Other foreign interest rates: the risk of losses from transactions subject to foreign interest rates variations;
·FX Rates: the risk of losses from positions subject to foreign exchange rate variation (e.g., foreign currency positions);
·Brazilian inflation indexes: the risk of losses from transactions subject to the variations in inflation-linked;
·Equities and Commodities: the risk of losses from transactions subject to equity or commodities price variations.

 

The CMN has regulations establishing the segregation of market risk exposure at a minimum into the following categories: interest rates, FX rates, equities and commodities. Brazilian inflation indexes are treated as a group of risk indicators and receive the same treatment of the others risk indicators, such as interest rates and FX rates and follows the governance and risk limits framework adopted by Itaú Unibanco for market risk management.

 

Market risk is analyzed based on the following key metrics:

 

·Value at Risk: a statistical metric that quantifies the maximum potential economic loss expected in normal market conditions, considering a defined holding period and confidence level;
·Losses in Stress Scenarios (Stress Testing): a simulation technique to evaluate the impact, in the assets, liabilities and derivatives of the portfolio, of various risk factors in extreme market situations (based on prospective and historic scenarios);
·Stop Loss: metrics that trigger a management review of positions, if the accumulated losses in a given period reach specified levels;
·Concentration: cumulative exposure of certain financial instrument or risk factor calculated at market value ("MtM - Mark to Market"); and
·Stressed VaR: statistical metric derived from VaR calculation, aimed at capturing the biggest risk in simulations of the current portfolio, taking into consideration the observable returns in historical scenarios of extreme volatility.

 

In addition to the risk metrics described above, sensitivity and loss control measures are also analyzed. They include:

 

·Gap Analysis: accumulated exposure of the cash flows by risk factor, which are marked-to-market and positioned by settlement dates;
·Sensitivity (DV01 – Delta Variation Risk): impact on the market value of cash flows when a 1 basis point change is applied to current interest rates or on the index rates;

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·Sensitivities to Various Risk Factors (Greeks): partial derivatives of a portfolio of options on the prices of the underlying assets, implied volatilities, interest rates and time.

 

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6.2Portfolio Analysis

 

Interest rate risk in the non-trading book

 

Interest rate risk corresponds to the potential loss associated with changes in market interest on index, maturity and investment and funding mismatches. The interest rate risk management process of transactions classified in the non- trading book is consistent with the corporate bodies governance and hierarchy, and the limits approved for risk market management. A mark-to-market methodology is adopted for the different products by calculating the sensitivity to the changes in interest rates, the value at risk (VaR), and stress tests are conducted to the entire book, as established in Itaú Unibanco’s institutional policies.

 

In treating the loan portfolios with material early settlements, the original maturities of the transactions are adjusted for the monthly revisions of their parameters, estimated from their historic bases, which accelerate the decrease of the originally contracted payment flows to better reflect the expected client behavior.

 

Remainders of products with no definite expiry date, such as demand deposits and savings accounts, are included in the statistics on the basis of past and seasonal experience. The core portion is distributed over time, thus generating an exposure to changes in interest rates, pursuant to internally approved methodologies.

 

The table below shows the sensitivity of the amount of the non-trading book positions to changes in interest rate curves, using the methodology and stress scenarios adopted to manage this book’s risks at Itaú Unibanco for the fourth quarter of 2015.

 

Sensibility of Banking Position (1)       R$ million 
      Prudential 
   Exposures  12/31/2015 
Risk factors  Risk of variation in:  Scenario I   Scenario II   Scenario III 
Interest Rate  Fixed Income Interest Rates in reais   (4)   (1,498)   (2,867)
Foreign Exchange Linked  Foreign Exchange Linked Interest Rates   1    (16)   (12)
Price Index Linked  Interest of Inflation coupon   (2)   (297)   (528)
TR  TR Linked Interest Rates   1    (225)   (492)

(1) Amounts net of tax effects.

 

In order to measure these sensitivities, the following scenarios are used:

 

·         Scenario I: Shocks of 1 base point in interest fixed rates, currency coupon, inflation, interest rate indexes;

·         Scenario II: Shocks of 25 percent in interest fixed rates, currency coupon, inflation, interest rate indexes, both for growth and fall, considering the largest resulting losses per risk factor;

·         Scenario III: Shocks of 50 percent in interest fixed rates, currency coupon, inflation, interest rate indexes, both for growth and fall, considering the largest resulting losses per risk factor.

 

As required by CVM Regulatory Instruction 475, Itaú Unibanco conducts sensitivity analysis against exceptional scenarios for market risk factors considered relevant. The results can be found at Note 7j – “Sensitivity analysis (trading and banking portfolios)” of the Complete Financial Statements – BRGAAP, on the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations

 

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Evolution of the Trading Portfolio

 

The evolution of the Trading Portfolio, broken down by major risk factors, is tabulated below:

 

Total Value of Trading Position                      R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Long   Short   Long   Short   Long   Short 
Interest Rates   121,109    (129,064)   174,293    (178,690)   210,353    (182,630)
Foreign Exchange Rates   101,968    (91,090)   138,814    (142,237)   123,089    (120,687)
Equities   1,376    (1,367)   1,840    (1,942)   18,936    (18,947)
Commodities   20    (8)   37    (9)   23    (25)

 

Evolution of the Derivatives Portfolio

 

The main purpose of the derivative positions in the Banking Portfolio is to manage risks in this portfolio and in the corresponding risk factors. The evolution of Itaú Unibanco’s derivatives portfolio, broken down by group of risk factor, by the existence or absence of a central counterparty (exchange or over-the-counter market) and whether it is in Brazil or abroad, is presented below for both Trading and Banking Portfolios:

 

Derivatives: Trades in Brazil - Trading + Banking - With Central Counterparty      R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Long   Short   Long   Short   Long   Short 
Interest Rates   329,309    (432,361)   224,598    (434,051)   288,018    (368,455)
Foreign Exchange Rates   144,922    (132,980)   150,413    (127,928)   80,818    (63,819)
Equities   1,656    (1,771)   3,153    (2,857)   4,021    (3,994)
Commodities   648    (326)   794    (606)   101    (61)

Derivatives: Trades in Brazil - Trading + Banking - Without Central Counterparty      R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Long   Short   Long   Short   Long   Short 
Interest Rates   309,375    (309,656)   292,944    (292,995)   164,172    (175,393)
Foreign Exchange Rates   262,301    (295,018)   241,998    (284,406)   51,336    (72,681)
Equities   20,187    (20,446)   23,306    (23,545)   20,751    (20,959)
Commodities   157    (472)   119    (275)   167    (204)

Derivatives: Foreign Trades - Trading + Banking - With Central Counterparty      R$ million 
   Prudential   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Long   Short   Long   Short   Long   Short 
Interest Rates   0    (723)   62    (668)   82    (3,659)
Foreign Exchange Rates   156,102    (155,786)   154,243    (153,669)   148,094    (143,097)
Equities   451    (207)   336    (642)   141    (153)
Commodities   17    (17)   17    (10)   289    (293)

Derivatives: Foreign Trades - Trading + Banking - Without Central Counterparty      R$ million 
   Prudential   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Long   Short   Long   Short   Long   Short 
Interest Rates   110,037    (113,171)   108,756    (116,380)   91,059    (89,343)
Foreign Exchange Rates   531,271    (527,912)   515,656    (506,890)   260,641    (261,010)
Equities   1,284    (1,284)   1,469    (1,469)   267    (267)
Commodities   -    -    -    -    -    - 

 

34 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

VaR – Consolidated Itaú Unibanco

 

The methodology for the calculation of Itaú Unibanco’s Consolidated VaR uses a Historical Simulation approach. This methodology carries out the full repricing of all positions, using the real historical distribution of assets.

 

The table below shows the Consolidated Total VaR, comprising both the Banking and Trading Book of Itaú Unibanco, and its subsidiaries abroad, showing where there are higher concentrations of market risk (subsidiaries abroad: Itau BBA International plc, Banco Itaú Argentina S.A., Banco Itaú Chile S.A., Banco Itaú Uruguay S.A., Banco Itaú Paraguay S.A. and Itaú BBA Colombia S.A. - Corporación Financiera).

 

VaR - Itaú Unibanco Holding (1)          R$ million 
VaR per Risk Factor Group     12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Brazilian Interest rates   121.2    212.9    124.8 
   Other Foreign Interest rates   108.6    122.0    83.6 
Itaú Unibanco  FX rates   13.1    33.3    26.5 
   Brazilian Inflation Indexes   108.9    233.9    115.7 
   Equities and Commodities   59.3    34.1    22.5 
   Itau BBA International (4)   3.0    9.1    1.6 
   Banco Itaú Argentina (2)   7.8    9.1    1.9 
Itaú Unibanco Foreign  Banco Itaú Chile (2)   4.7    9.5    5.3 
Units  Banco Itaú Uruguai (3)   2.6    2.8    2.1 
   Banco Itaú Paraguai (4)   7.6    1.9    3.5 
   Banco Itaú BBA Colômbia (2)   0.4    1.4    0.5 
   Diversification effect   (233.3)   (353.6)   (194.9)
   Total VaR   204.0    316.3    193.1 
   Maximum Total VaR of the Quarter   327.6    340.7    227.7 
   Average Total VaR of the Quarter   213.6    214.1    176.0 
   Minimum Total VaR of the Quarter   170.8    152.3    131.1 

(1) Considers one-day holding period and 99% confidence level.

(2) VaR calculated using historical simulation as from the first quarter of 2015.

(3) VaR calculated using historical simulation as from the third quarter of 2015.

(4) VaR calculated using historical simulation as from this quarter.

 

Itaú Unibanco maintained its conservative and diversification management style, having operated within low limits in relation to its capital through the period. The Total Average VaR for the quarter remained below 1% of Itaú Unibanco’s consolidated stockholders’ equity.

 

Decreases in Total VaR over the previous quarter are mainly due to changes in market volatility levels and reductions in the position.

 

VaR - Trading Portfolio

 

Our Trading Portfolio VaR, based on the “historical simulation” methodology, is presented below.

 

VaR - Itaú Unibanco - Trading Portfolio (1)          R$ million 
VaR per Risk Factor Group  12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Brazilian Interest rates   22.9    40.6    16.6 
Other Foreign Interest rates   14.0    21.3    3.6 
FX rates   12.9    16.8    10.7 
Brazilian Inflation Indexes   7.7    13.5    8.1 
Equities and Commodities   6.6    8.6    4.3 
Diversification effect   (43.2)   (63.9)   (26.4)
Total VaR   20.8    37.0    16.9 
Maximum Total VaR of the Quarter   42.3    49.4    53.0 
Average Total VaR of the Quarter   23.7    28.8    22.1 
Minimum Total VaR of the Quarter   10.6    13.0    13.1 

(1) VaR Historical Simulation approach. Amounts reported consider one-day holding period and 99% confidence level.

(2) External Units are not cosidered. 

 

35 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

VaR - Foreign Units

 

Itaú Unibanco’s foreign units are financial institutions based in different countries that operate with local treasuries, with market risk exposures monitored by local risk control groups. These local treasury and risk control groups are subject to oversight by the equivalent structures of Itaú Unibanco at Group level. The foreign units are Itau BBA International, Banco Itaú Argentina, Banco Itaú Chile, Banco Itaú Uruguai, Banco Itaú Paraguai and Itaú BBA Colombia S.A. Corporación Financiera.

 

The consolidated exposure of market risk of the foreign units in the fourth quarter, when compared to the previous one, reflected a decrease as can be seen in the table below.

 

The Total consolidated VaR of all the foreign units represents less than 1% of Itaú Unibanco’s net equity.

 

VaR - Itaú Unibanco Foreign Units (1)          R$ million 
VaR per Risk Factor     12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
   Euribor   0.1    0.4    0.2 
   Libor + Dollar linked interest rate   3.2    7.8    0.3 
Itau BBA  FX rate   0.5    1.0    0.5 
International (3)  Equities   -    0.0    0.0 
   Others   0.3    0.1    1.0 
   Diversification effect   (1.1)   (0.3)   (0.4)
   Total VaR IBBA International   3.0    9.1    1.6 
   Fixed income interest rate (Argentine peso)   3.0    1.4    2.0 
   Inflation index linked interest rate   -    0.0    0.0 
   Badlar   1.1    0.7    0.4 
Banco Itaú Argentina (1)  FX + interest rate - Dollar   8.0    8.7    1.3 
   FX + interest rate - Other currencies   1.7    2.4    - 
   Diversification effect   (5.9)   (4.1)   (1.8)
   Total VaR Itaú Argentina   7.8    9.1    1.9 
   Fixed income interest rate (Chilean peso)   0.7    1.6    0.3 
   Inflation index linked interest rate   5.1    10.8    4.4 
Banco Itaú Chile (1)  FX + interest rate - Dollar   0.7    1.2    1.6 
   FX rate - Other currencies   -    0.3    - 
   Diversification effect   (1.8)   (4.4)   (1.0)
   Total VaR Itaú Chile   4.7    9.5    5.3 
   Fixed income interest rate (Uruguayan peso)   0.5    0.6    0.2 
   Inflation index linked interest rate   2.3    1.4    1.1 
Banco Itaú Uruguai (2)  Dollar linked interest rate   2.5    1.6    2.1 
   FX rate   0.6    0.3    0.1 
   Diversification effect   (3.2)   (1.1)   (1.3)
   Total VaR Itaú Uruguai   2.6    2.8    2.1 
   Fixed income interest rate (guarani)   1.0    1.4    2.6 
   Dollar linked interest rate   7.6    1.1    2.8 
Banco Itaú Paraguai (3)  FX rate   0.1    0.3    0.0 
   Diversification effect   (1.2)   (1.0)   (1.9)
   Total VaR Itaú Paraguai   7.6    1.9    3.5 
  Fixed Income Interest Rate   0.4    1.4    0.1 
Banco Itaú BBA  Dollar linked interest rate   -    -    - 
Colômbia (1)  FX rate   -    -    0.5 
   Diversification effect   0.0    0.0    (0.1)
   Total VaR Itaú BBA Colômbia   0.4    1.4    0.5 
   Total VaR   26.1    33.7    14.9 

(1) VaR calculated using historical simulation as from the first quarter of 2015.

(2) VaR calculated using historical simulation as from the third quarter of 2015.

(3) VaR calculated using historical simulation as from this quarter.

 

36 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

Backtesting

 

The effectiveness of the VaR model is validated by the use of backtesting techniques that compare hypothetic daily results with the estimated daily VaR. The number of exceptions to the VaR pre-established limits should be consistent, within an acceptable margin, with the hypothesis of 99% confidence level (i.e., there is a 1% probability that financial losses could be greater than the losses estimated by the model), considering a range of 250 business days (ending on December 31, 2015). The backtesting analysis presented below takes into consideration the ranges suggested by the Basel document “Supervisory Framework for the use of backtesting in conjunction with the internal models approach to market risk capital requirements.” The ranges are divided into:

 

·Green (0 to 4 exceptions): corresponds to backtesting results that do not suggest any problems with the quality or accuracy of the models adopted;
·Yellow (5 to 9 exceptions): refers to an intermediate range group, which indicates the need to pay attention and/or monitoring and may indicate the need of reviewing the model; and
·Red (10 or more exceptions): demonstrate the need for improvement action.

 

The exposure graph below illustrates the reliability of risk measures generated from the models used by Itaú Unibanco in the Trading Portfolio (International Units are not included in these graph, given the immateriality of amounts involved).

 

The graph shows the adequacy level of the market risk models used by Itaú Unibanco, presenting the risk (absolute value) x return for the period considered.

 

Since the diagonal line represents the threshold where risk equals results, all the dots below this line indicate exceptions to the estimated risk.

 

For the exposure of the Trading Portfolio the hypothetic losses exceeded the VaR estimated by the model in 3 days in the period.

 

Backtesting - Trading Portfolio(1)

 

R$ millions

 

 

(1) Foreign units are not considered

 

37 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

7Operational Risk

 

7.1Framework and Treatment

 

For Itaú Unibanco the operational risk is defined as the possibility of losses arising from failure, deficiency or inadequacy of internal process, people or systems or from external events that affect the achievement of strategic, tactical or operational objectives. It includes legal risk associated with inadequacy or deficiency in contracts signed by the institution, as well as penalties due to noncompliance with laws and punitive damages to third parties arising from the activities undertaken by the Institution.

 

Itaú Unibanco internally classifies its risk events in:

·Internal fraud;
·External fraud;
·Labor demands and deficient security in the workplace;
·Inadequate practices related to clients, products and services;
·Damages to own physical assets or assets in use by Itaú Unibanco;
·Interruption of Itaú Unibanco’s activities;
·Failures in information technology systems;
·Failures in the performance, compliance with deadlines and management of activities at Itaú Unibanco.

 

In line with the principles of the CMN Resolution 3,380 and BACEN Circular 3,647, Itaú Unibanco has an operational risk management structure and institutional policy, which are annually approved by the Board of Directors and are applicable to its local and foreign companies and subsidiaries.

 

Operational risk management is the process composed of operational risk management and control activities, which objective is to support the institution in decision making processes, always searching for the proper identification and assessment of risks, the creation of value for stockholders and the protection of Itaú Unibanco’s assets and image.

 

Itaú Unibanco has a governance process that is structured through forums and corporate bodies composed of senior management, which, in turn, report to the Board of Directors, and by well-defined roles and responsibilities in order to reinforce the segregation of the business and management and control activities, ensuring independence between the areas and, consequently, well-balanced decisions with respect to risks. This is reflected in the risk management process carried out on a decentralized basis under the responsibility of the business areas and by a centralized control carried out by the internal control, compliance and operational risk department by means of methodologies, training and certification of the control environment on an independent basis and providing tools for monitoring them.

 

The management structure seeks to identify, prioritize and manage any operational risks, and to monitor and report management activities, for the purpose of ensuring the quality of the control environment in accordance with the internal guidelines and regulation in effect.

 

The executive areas managers use corporate methodologies that are built and made available by the internal control, compliance and operational risk department. Among the methodologies and tools used are the self-evaluation and the map of the organization’s prioritized risks, the approval of processes and products, the monitoring of key risk indicators that and the database of operational losses. Therefore, Itaú Unibanco’s operational risk framework ensures a conceptual exclusive basis for the management of processes, systems, projects and new products and services.

 

Within the governance of the management process, there are specific operational risk, internal control and compliance forums where the consolidated reports on risk monitoring, controls, action plans and operational losses are regularly presented to the business area executives.

 

It is worth noting that the dissemination of the risk and control culture to the employees by means of training is an important pillar of the operational risk agenda, aimed at providing a better understanding of the matter and playing a relevant role in its mitigation.

 

A summarized version of the institutional operational risk management policy can be found on the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations under Corporate Governance, Regulations and Policies, Public Access Report – Operational Risk.

 

38 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

7.2Crisis Management and Business Continuity

 

The purpose of Itaú Unibanco’s Business Continuity Program is to protect its employees, ensure the continuity of the critical functions of its business lines, safeguard revenue and sustain both a stable financial market in which it operates and the trust of its clients and strategic partners in the provision of services and products.

 

It is composed of procedures for relocating and/ or recovering operations in response to a variety of interruption levels, and can be divided into two key elements:

 

·Crisis Management: centralized communication and response processes to manage business interruption events and any other types of threats to the image and reputation of its identity before its employees, clients, strategic partners and regulators. The structure has a command center that constantly monitors the daily operations, as well as the media channels in which Itaú Unibanco is mentioned. The success of Crisis Management takes place through the Focal Agent Network, who are the representatives appointed by the business areas and that work in the monitoring of potential problems, resolution of crisis, resumption of business, improvement of processes and search for prevention actions;

 

·Business Continuity Plans (PCN): document with procedures and information, developed, consolidated and maintained available for use during possible incidents, allowing the resumption of critical activities in acceptable terms and conditions. For the quick and safe resumption of the operations, Itaú Unibanco has established, in its PCN, corporate wide and customized actions for its line of business by means of:

  Disaster Recovery Plan: focused on the recovery of its primary data center, ensuring the continuity of the processing of critical systems within minimum pre-established periods;
  Workplace Contingency Plan: employees responsible for carrying out critical business functions have alternative facilities to perform their activities in the event the buildings in which they usually work become unavailable. There is approximately 2,000 contingency dedicated seats that are fully equipped to meet the needs of the business areas in emergency situations.
  Emergency Plan: procedures aimed at minimizing the effects of emergency situations that may impact Itaú Unibanco’s facilities, with a preemptive focus;
  Processes Contingency Plan: alternatives (Plan B) to carry out the critical processes identified in the business areas.

 

In order to keep the continuity solutions aligned with the business requirements (processes, minimum resources, legal requirements, etc) the Program applies the following tools to understand the organization: 

  Business Impact Analysis (BIA): evaluates the criticality and resumption requirement of the processes that support the delivery of products and services. Through this analysis the businesses’ resumption priorities are defined.
  Risk Assessment (RA): evaluates the processes and the effectiveness of the controls in place to mitigate the inherent risks of interruption as well as to implement actions to the gaps eventually identified in the business;
  Threats and Vulnerabilities Analysis (AVA): identification of threats to the locations where Itaú Unibanco buildings are located. The control’s efficiency is evaluated against the potential threats in order to eventually identify vulnerabilities so that controls are adjusted or implemented to enhance the resilience level of the firm’s critical facilities.

 

39 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

8Liquidity Risk

 

8.1Framework and Treatment

 

Liquidity risk is defined as the likelihood of the institution not being able to effectively honor its expected and unexpected obligations, current and future, including those from guarantees commitment, not affecting its daily operations and not incurring significant losses.

 

The liquidity control risk is carried out by an independent group of the business units and is responsible for determining the composition of the reserve, proposing assumptions for the performance of cash flows in different timeframes, proposing liquidity risk limits in accordance with the group risk appetite, communicating any mismatches, considering liquidity risk on an individual basis in the countries where Itaú Unibanco operates, simulating the behavior of cash flows in stress conditions, assessing and reporting in advance the risks inherent to new products and operations and reporting on the information required by the regulatory agencies. All activities are subject to assessment by the independent validation, internal controls and audit departments.

 

The liquidity risk measurement has to comprise all financial trades of the companies of Itaú Unibanco, as well as possible contingent and unexpected exposures, such as those derived from settlement services, provision of sureties and guarantees, credit lines contracted and not used.

 

The liquidity policies of management and associated limits are established based on prospective scenarios, reviewed periodically and based on definitions from senior management.

 

The document that details the liquidity risk control institutional policy is on the Investor Relations website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations, in the route: Corporate Governance, Rules and Policies, Public Access Report - Liquidity Risk.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of CMN Resolutions No. 4,090 and BACEN Circular No. 3,749, Itaú Unibanco makes monthly delivery of its Liquidity Risk Statements (DLR) to BACEN and the following items are regularly prepared and submitted to the senior management for monitoring and decision support:

 

·Different scenarios for liquidity projections;
·Contingency plans for crisis situations;
·Reports and charts to enable monitoring risk positions;
·Assessment of funding costs and alternatives;
·Tracking the sort of funding sources through a continuous control of funding sources considering counterparty type, maturity and other aspects.

 

8.2Primary sources of funding

 

Itaú Unibanco has different sources of funding, with the main source arising from retail segment.

 

Primary sources of funding                             R$ million 
   Prudential   Financial 
   12/31/2015   9/30/2015   12/31/2014 
Funding  0 to 30 days   Total   %   0 to 30 days   Total   %   0 to 30 days   Total   % 
Deposits   195,103    298,320    50%   194,401    306,903    54%   198,856    310,831    55%
Demand deposits   65,843    65,843    11%   62,208    62,208    11%   64,015    64,015    11%
Savings deposits   111,319    111,319    19%   111,451    111,451    20%   118,449    118,449    21%
Time deposits   13,465    106,189    18%   17,730    114,855    20%   11,705    109,242    19%
Other   4,476    14,969    3%   3,012    18,389    3%   4,687    19,125    3%
Funds from acceptances and issuance of securities(1)   4,128    75,596    13%   3,140    59,484    10%   3,959    59,656    10%
Funds from own issue (2)   2,863    154,682    26%   1,563    137,469    24%   2,840    142,687    25%
Subordinated debt   4,722    65,785    11%   421    65,911    12%   174    55,617    10%
Total   206,816    594,383    100%   199,525    569,767    100%   205,829    568,791    100%

(1) Includes mortgage notes, real estate credit bills, agribusiness and financial credit bills recorded in interbank and institutional market debts and liabilities for issue of debentures and foreign borrowings and securities recorded in funds from institutional markets.

(2) Refer to deposits received under securities repurchase agreements with securities from own issue.

 

40 

Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

9Other Risks

 

Insurance products, pension plans and capitalização risks

 

Products that compose portfolios of insurance companies of Itau Unibanco are related to life and elementary insurance, as well as pension plans and capitalização. Accordingly, Itaú Unibanco understands that the main risks inherent to these products are:

 

·Underwriting Risk is the possibility of losses arising from insurance products, pension plans and capitalização that go against company’s expectations, directly or indirectly associated with technical and actuarial bases used for calculating premiums, contributions and technical provisions;
·Market Risk is the possibility of losses resulting from fluctuations in market values of assets and liabilities that comprise technical actuarial reserves;
·Credit Risk is the possibility of noncompliance, by a given debtor, with obligations related to the settlement of operations that involve the trading of financial assets of reinsurance;
·Operational risk is the possibility of the occurrence of losses arising from the failure, deficiency or inadequacy of internal processes, people and systems, or from external events that affect the achievement of the strategic, tactical or operational objectives of the insurance, pension and capitalização operations;
·Liquidity risk in insurance operations is the possibility of the institution not be able to honor timely its obligations to policyholders and beneficiaries due to lack of liquidity of the assets comprising the actuarial technical reserves.

 

In line with good national and international practices and to ensure that risks arising from insurance products, pension plans and capitalização are properly identified, measured, evaluated, reported and approved in relevant forums, Itau Unibanco has a risk management framework, whose guidelines are established in institutional normative, approved by the Board, applicable to companies and subsidiaries at risk from insurance products, pension plans and capitalização, in Brazil and abroad.

 

The process of risk management for insurance, pensions and special savings plans is based on defined responsibilities distributed between the control and business areas, ensuring that they are independent of each other and focusing on the special nature of each risk, as per the guidelines established by Itaú Unibanco.

 

As part of the risk management process, there is a governance structure where decisions may be taken by committees, thus ensuring compliance with several regulatory and internal requirements, as well as balanced decisions relative to risks.

 

The aim of Itaú Unibanco is to ensure that assets serving as collateral for long-term products, with guaranteed minimum returns, are managed according to the characteristics of the liabilities, so that they are actuarially balanced and solvent over the long term.

 

Each year, liabilities for long-term products, which result in projected future benefits flows, are mapped using actuarial premises. This mapping enables Asset Liability Management models to be created, and these are used to define the best makeup of the asset portfolio to neutralize the risk of this type of product, taking into account their economic and financial viability over the long term. Portfolios of collateral assets are rebalanced periodically according to changes in market prices, the company’s liquidity requirements and the changes in the characteristics of the liabilities.

 

Social and Environmental Risk

 

In business management, Itaú Unibanco continuously takes into consideration the potential of the risk of losses due to exposure to social and environmental events arising from the performance of its activities. These events arise from the direct operation of Itaú Unibanco which, on its own, has an impact on the environment or human health. Accordingly, the institution sees the social and environmental risk as the risk of losses arising from social and environmental losses caused by Itaú Unibanco in the development of its activities or by its actions, being its management structured by specific governance and formalized by means of policies. For the purpose of mitigating the exposure to these risks, the institution incorporated the social and environmental variable into its own activities and in its business that could, somehow, trigger financial losses.

 

In the governance of social and environmental issues, Itaú Unibanco has the Social and Environmental Risk Committee whose purpose is to establish the governance for social and environmental risk issues for the entire institution. Additionally, the social and environmental risk is managed by the first line of defense in its daily activities with the support of the legal department and social and environmental risk analysis units dedicated to the business. The business units also have the governance of approval of new products, which assesses the social and environmental risk, thus ensuring compliance with this requirement in all products and processes of the institution.

 

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Itaú Unibanco

Risk and Capital Management – Pillar 3

To this end, Itaú Unibanco has been developing many internal processes aimed at the management, control and mitigation of events that may lead to the occurrence of social and environmental risk, accordingly, the institution has been incorporating the social and environmental variable into different processes.

 

Itaú Unibanco consistently seeks to evolve in the management of social and environmental risk, always paying attention to the challenges so as to monitor the changes in and demands of society. Therefore, among other actions, we have assumed and incorporated into our internal processes a number of national and international voluntary commitments and pacts aimed at integrating social, environmental and governance aspects into our business. The main ones are the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI), the Charter for Human Rights – Ethos, the Equator Principles (EP), the Global Impact, the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program, the Pacto Nacional para Erradicação do Trabalho Escravo (National Pact for Eradicating Slave Labor), among others. Our efforts to increase the knowledge of the assessment of the social and environmental criteria have been recognized as models in Brazil and abroad, as shown by the recurring presence of the institution in the major sustainability indexes abroad, such as the Dow Jones Sustainability Index, and in Brazil, such as the Corporate Sustainability Index, in addition to the many awards we have received.

 

Regulatory Risk

 

Regulatory risk is considered at Itaú Unibanco as the risk arising from losses due to fines, sanctions and other penalties applied by regulatory agencies resulting from noncompliance with regulatory requirements. The regulatory risk is managed through a structured process aimed at identifying changes in the regulatory environment, analyzing their impacts on the departments of the institution and monitoring the implementation of actions directed at adherence to the regulatory requirements.

 

Itaú Unibanco has a structured and consistent flow for addressing rules, covering the stages of recognition, distribution, monitoring and compliance, and all of these processes are established in internal policies. The structure and flow for addressing the regulatory risk are composed of: (i) monitoring of legislative bills, notices and public consultation; (ii) recognition of new rules for determining action plans; (iii) relationship with regulators; (iv) monitoring of action plans; (v) prioritization of risks; and (vi) control of compliance with legal decisions on class actions and with the Conduct Adjustment Instrument (TAC).

 

Model Risk

 

Itaú Unibanco’s risk management already has proprietary models for risk management that are continuously monitored, and reviewed whenever necessary, aiming at ensuring effectiveness in strategic and business decisions.

 

Model risk is defined as the risk that arises from the models used by Itaú Unibanco not reflecting, on a consistent basis, the relationships of variables of interest, creating results that systematically differ from those observed. This risk may materialize mainly as a result of methodological inadequacies during its development or the use in different situations from those modeled.

 

Itaú Unibanco uses the best market practices to manage the model risk to which it is exposed during the entire lifecycle of a model and the stages of which may be classified into four main ones: development, implementation, validation and use. The best practices that mark the model risk control at the institution include: (i) certification of the quality of the database used; (ii) application of a list of essential steps to be taken during the development; (iii) conservatism in judgmental models (iv) use of external benchmarks; (v) approval of results generated in implementation; (vi) independent technical validation; (vii) assessments of use; (viii) assessments of the impact in the use; (ix) monitoring of performance; and (x) monitoring of the distribution of the explanatory variables and final score.

 

Country Risk

 

Country risk is defined as the risk of losses arising from noncompliance with the financial obligations in the terms agreed upon by borrowers, issuers, counterparties or guarantors as a result of actions taken by the government of the country where the borrower, issuer, counterparty or guarantor is located or of political, economic and social events related to that country.

 

Itaú Unibanco is present in many other countries in addition to Brazil. In addition to the foreign units, we have a relationship with borrowers, issuers, counterparties and guarantors from many places in the world, regardless of whether we have a foreign unit in the place where the borrower, issuer, counterparty or guarantor is located.

 

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In order to properly address the country risk, Itaú Unibanco has a specific and a process structure aimed at ensuring that the risk is managed and controlled. These processes include: (i) country risk governance; (ii) establishment of country ratings; (iii) determination of limits for countries; and (iv) monitoring of limits and treatment of noncompliance.

 

Business and Strategy Risk

 

Itaú Unibanco defines the business and strategy risk as the risk of a negative impact on the results or capital as a consequence of a faulty strategic planning, the making of adverse strategic decisions, the inability of Itaú Unibanco to implement the proper strategic plans and/or changes in its business environment.

 

Since the business and strategic risk can directly affect the creation of value and even the feasibility of the institution, Itaú Unibanco has implemented many mechanisms that ensure that both the business and the strategic decision-making processes follow proper governance standards, have the active participation of executives and the Board of Directors, are based on market, macroeconomic and risk information and are aimed at optimizing the risk-return ratio.

 

In order to treat risk properly, Itaú Unibanco has the governance standards and processes listed below that fully involve the senior management and the risk control and management department in business and strategic decisions so as to ensure that the risk is managed and that the decisions are sustainable. Therefore, there is:

 

·Governance that has qualified decision-makers who, at the same time, are properly motivated;

 

·Budgeting process with the active participation of the risk control and management department;

 

·Process for the assessment of new products before they are sold;

 

·Specific structure for the assessment and prospection of mergers and acquisitions.

 

Reputational Risk

 

Itaú Unibanco defines reputational risk as the risk arising from internal practices, risk events and external factors that may generate a negative perception of the institution among clients, counterparties, stockholders, investors, supervisors, commercial partners, among others, resulting in impacts on the value of the brand and financial losses, in addition to adversely affecting Itaú Unibanco’s capability to maintain existing commercial relations, start new businesses and continue to have access to financing sources.

 

Since the reputational risk directly or indirectly permeates all operations and processes of the institution, Itaú Unibanco’s governance is structured in a way to ensure that potential reputational risks are identified, analyzed and managed still in the initial phases of its operations and the analysis of new products.

 

Itaú Unibanco believes that our reputation is extremely important for us to achieve our long-term goals and this is why we try to align our speech with ethical and transparent practice and work, which is essential to raise the confidence of our stakeholders.

 

For the purpose of avoiding negative impacts on the perception of Itaú Unibanco’s image by the many stakeholders, the treatment given to reputational risk is structured by means of many processes and internal initiatives, which, in turn, are supported by internal policies, and their main purpose is to provide mechanisms for the monitoring, management, control and mitigation of the main reputational risks to which the institution is, or might be, exposed. Among them are:

 

·Risk appetite framework;
·Process for the prevention and fight against the use of Itaú Unibanco in unlawful acts;
·Crisis management process and business continuity;
·Processes and guidelines of the governmental and institutional relations;
·Corporate communication process;
·Brand management process;
·Ombudsman offices initiatives and commitment to customer satisfaction;
·Ethics guidelines and prevention of corruption.

 

For the purpose of preventing and combating unlawful acts, including money laundering, corruption, terrorism financing and fraud, Itaú Unibanco has established a corporate policy for preventing and combating unlawful acts.

 

In order to enable compliance with the guidelines of this policy and prevent its products and services from being used in unlawful activities, Itaú Unibanco has adopted a program to prevent and combat money laundering and terrorism financing based on the following pillars:

 

·Client Identification Process;
·Know Your Client (KYC) Process;

 

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·Know Your Partner (KYP) Process;
·Know Your Supplier (KYS) Process;
·Know Your Employee (KYE) Process;
·Assessment of New Products and Services from the unlawful activity prevention standpoint;
·Monitoring of Transactions;
·Communication of Suspicious Transactions to the Regulatory Bodies; and
·Training and Awareness Raising.

 

This program applies to the entire Itaú Unibanco Group, including subsidiaries and affiliates in Brazil and abroad. Governance on preventing and combating unlawful acts is carried out by the Board of Directors and committees. The document that presents the guidelines established in the program to prevent and combat unlawful acts may be seen on the www.itau.com.br/investor-relations website in the section Corporate Governance, Regulations and Policies, corporate policy to prevent and combat unlawful acts.

 

In addition to the program to prevent, detect and combat unlawful acts, Itaú Unibanco is committed to protecting corporate information and ensuring the privacy of clients in any operations. To this end, Itaú Unibanco is guided by the Information Security Corporate Policy whose purpose is to ensure the application of the principles and guidelines for the protection of information and intellectual property of the organization, clients and general public.

 

To ensure that the processed information is properly protected, Itaú Unibanco has a process monitoring and control structure that covers technology, business areas and international units. Additionally, a Security Operation Center (SOC) that works 24/7 contributes to the monitoring of operations and minimization of the risk of a security incident.

 

Awareness raising campaigns to prevent corruption, money laundering, fraud and other unlawful acts are regularly carried out using the many communication channels existing with Itaú Unibanco´s employees. The actions include lectures, campaigns and in-person training and e-learning courses on the many topics. Besides lectures and campaigns, Itaú Unibanco offers a website with guidelines on security in the digital and physical world, for the general public.

 

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10Enterprise Risk Management and Alignment of Incentives

 

In accordance with the scope and complexity of its operations, Itaú Unibanco established processes for effectively identifying, assessing, monitoring and controlling risks, besides adequately allocating the capital to segments. In addition, Itaú Unibanco established processes, which enables the Executives and Board of Directors to hold a global view about the institution´s risk exposures, as well as a prospective view about the adequacy of its capital, besides promoting the alignment of incentives. We describe some of these processes below:

 

Risk Appetite

 

Itaú Unibanco’s risk appetite is a set of guidelines and limits approved by the Board of Directors that determine the risk levels that are acceptable for Itaú Unibanco. Divided into four levels, they combine additional ways to measure risks, seeking a broad view of the exposures incurred by the institution.

 

The capitalization level reflects the level of protection of the bank against significant losses, defining capitalization limits that consider the current scenarios expected and the stress scenario. This level establishes the minimum capitalization guidelines of Itaú Unibanco in relation to its risks, according to which management uses the bank’s capital in accordance with acceptable leverage levels and funding costs.

 

The liquidity level reflects the level of protection of the bank against a long period of funding stress, which could lead to a lack of liquidity. This level establishes the guidelines regarding the minimum liquidity levels, acceptable levels of mismatch of terms and funding structure.

 

The business composition level, meanwhile, seeks to ensure, by means of concentration limits, proper portfolio composition, aiming at low volatility and sustainability of the business.

 

Last, the franchise level addresses risks that may impact the value of the brand and reputation of Itaú Unibanco with stakeholders.

 

The determination of acceptable risk levels includes aspects of the organization’s strategy, as well as the regulatory environment. The monitoring of the risk appetite takes into consideration the current and prospective situation. The risk appetite and its monitoring are determined at the executive levels of the Board of Directors, and they are, therefore, an important instrument for the supervision of Itaú Unibanco’s risk management.

 

Stress Test

 

The stress test performed by Itaú Unibanco is aimed at evaluating the solvency of the institution in extreme stress situations, as well as identifying areas that are more susceptible to stress impact that may undergo risk mitigation. It is based on stressed projections of macroeconomic and credit variables, with the purpose of analyzing the added effect on income, capital and liquidity of the institution, consistent with the financial industry’s standards. The test is performed on the main bank portfolios, simulating the impact on each business area through the calculation of stressed financial statements, under different scenarios approved by the Board of Directors, considering a horizon of two to three years.

 

The test results are reported to the senior management and the Board of Directors supporting strategic decisions. They are also included in the ICAAP report submitted to BACEN.

 

Risk-adjusted Compensation

 

The Compensation guidelines of Itaú Unibanco are aimed at attracting, retaining and compensating on merit its collaborators, encouraging prudent risk exposure levels in short-, medium- and long-term strategies, in line with the interests of its shareholders and regulatory authorities and line with the organization’s culture. The governance structure of compensation and incentive to the prudent risk taking has been consolidating in line with the best international compensation and governance practices. The Compensation Committee, in accordance with the CMN Resolution No. 3,921 and reporting to the Board of Directors is responsible for setting out the guidelines on models of compensation to collaborators and the policy on compensation of management members of the Conglomerate companies.

 

Compensation in Itaú Unibanco takes into account the strategy of the institution, the general and specific legislation that should be adopted for each business or region of operation, and the adequate risk management over time. The variable compensation considers the current and potential risks, giving incentive to the achievement of sustainable results and discouraging decisions that involve excess risks. The calculation of the aggregate and individual amounts considers, among others, long-term sustainable financial bases, adjustments to future payments in view of assumed risks, the results of the institution and/or of the area, when applicable, and the ratio between performance and risks incurred.

 

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In accordance with the CMN Resolution No. 3,921, a portion of the variable compensation of statutory officers is paid in stocks (at least 50%) and a percentage is deferred for three years (at least 40% of variable compensation). The deferred and unpaid portions must be reversed in case the institution has an unsatisfactory performance and the business unit has a negative performance.

 

Reflecting its concern with sustainable performance, Itaú Unibanco implements specific variable compensation practices for collaborators which roles and responsibilities have material impact on the risk of the bank, although they are not subject to the requirements of CMN Resolution No. 3,921. For such collaborators, mechanisms are provided for making adjustments to bonus arising from compliance, risk as well as deferral events.

 

For more information about remuneration in Itaú Unibanco, see Note 16 – “Shareholders’ Equity” in the full Financial Statements, which are shown on the website www.itau.com.br/investor-relations.

 

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11Appendix I

 

   Breakdown of the Referential Equity and Information on its adequacy  12/31/2015
      Value   Temporary Treatment   Balance
      (R$ Thousand)   (R$ Thousand)   Sheet Reference
   Core Capital: instruments and reserves             
1  Instruments Eligible for the Core Capital   85,148,000        (k)
2  Revenue reserves   28,348,476    -   (l)
3  Other revenue and other reserve   1,002,336    -   (m)
4  Instruments that are authorized to compose the Core Capital before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect             
5  Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries that are part of the conglomerate, non-deductible from the Core Capital¹   763,807    228,269   (j)
6  Core Capital before prudential adjustments   115,262,619         
   Core Capital: prudential adjustments             
7  Prudential adjustments related to the pricing of financial instruments   431,902    -    
8  Goodwill paid upon the acquisition of investments based on the expectation of future profitability   2,926,367    4,389,551   (e)
9  Intangible assets   4,006,095    1,616,902   (h) / (i)
10  Tax credits arising from income tax losses and social contribution tax loss carryfowards and those originating from this contribution related to determination periods ended until December 31, 19982   2,389,134    3,583,701   (b)
11  Adjustments related to the market value of derivative financial instruments used to hedge the cash flows of protected items whose mark-to-market adjustments are not recorded in the books.   -    -    
12  Downward difference between the amount recognized as a provision and the expected loss for institutions using the IRB   -    -    
13  Gains arising from securitization operations             
14  Gains or losses arising from the impact of changes on the credit risk of the institution on the fair value assessment of liability items             
15  Actuarial assets related to defined benefit pension funds   35,237    52,855   (d)
16  Shares or other instruments issued by the bank authorized to compose the Core Capital, acquired directly, indirectly or synthetically   4,353,380    -   (n)
17  Investments crossed with instruments eligible for the Core Capital             
18  Added value of investments lower than 10% of the capital of companies that are similar to non-consolidated financial institutions, insurance companies, reinsurance companies, capitalization companies and sponsored pension fund entities, that exceeds 10% of the amount of the Core Capital, disregarding specific deductions.   -    -    
19  Investments higher than 10% of the capital of companies that are similar to non-consolidated financial institutions, insurance companies, reinsurance companies, capitalization companies and sponsored pension fund entities   -    -    
20  Mortgage servicing rights             
21  Tax credits arising from temporary differences that depend on the generation of income or future taxable income for their realization, above the limit of 10% of the Core Capital, disregarding specific deductions   1,256,668    1,885,001   (c)
22  Amount that exceeds 15% of the Core Capital   1,749,248    2,378,061    
23  of which: arising from investments in the capital of companies that are similar to non-consolidated financial institutions, insurance companies, reinsurance companies, capitalization companies and open ended pension entities   858,607    1,042,100   (a) / (f)
24  of which: arising from mortgage servicing rights             
25  of which: arising from tax credits resulting from temporary differences that depend on the generation of income or future taxable income for their realization²   890,641    1,335,961   (c)
26  National regulatory adjustments   (2,840,107)   -    
26.a  Deferred permanent assets   88,053    -   (g)
26.b  Investment in dependence, financial institution abroad or non-financial entity that is part of the conglomerate, with respect to which the Central Bank of Brazil does not have access to information, data and documents   -    -    
26.c  Funding instruments eligible for the Core Capital issued by an institution that is authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad, and that is not part of the conglomerate   -    -    
26.d  Increase of unauthorized capital   -    -    
26.e  Excess of the amount adjusted of Core Capital   -    -    
26.f  Deposit to cover capital deficiency   -    -    
26.g  Amount of intangible assets established before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect   2,928,160    -   (i)
26.h  Excess of resources invested on permanent assets   -         
26.i  PR emphasis   -         
26.j  Other residual differences concerning the Core Capital calculation methodology for regulatory purposes   -         
27  Regulatory adjustments applied to the Core Capital due to the Insufficiency of Additional Capital and Tier II Capital to cover deductions   -    -    
28  Total regulatory deductions from the Core Capital   14,307,923         
29  Core Capital   100,954,697         
   1 - Considers prudential adjustments corresponding to deduction of non-controlling interest.    
   2 - Considers the deduction of deferred tax liabilities.    
   3 - Calculated according to article 9 of Bacen Resolution No. 4,192.    
   4 - Calculated according to article 29 of Resolution No. 4,192.    

 

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   Breakdown of the Referential Equity and Information on its adequacy  12/31/2015
      Value   Temporary Treatment   Balance
      (R$ Thousand)   (R$ Thousand)   Sheet Reference
   Additional Capital: instruments             
30  Instruments eligible for the Additional Capital   -    -    
31  of which: classified as core capital in accordance with the accounting rules   -    -    
32  of which: classified as liabilities in accordance with the accounting rules   -    -    
33  Instruments that are authorized to compose the Additional Capital before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect   -    -    
34  Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries that are part of the conglomerate, non-deductible from the Additional Capital³   45,987    68,981    
35  of which: instruments issued by subsidiaries before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect   -    -    
36  Additional capital before regulatory deductions   45,987    -    
   Additional Capital: regulatory deductions             
37  Shares or other instruments issued by the bank authorized to compose the Additional Capital, acquired directly, indirectly or synthetically   -    -    
38  Investments crossed with instruments eligible for the Additional Capital             
39  Added value of investments lower than 10% of the capital of institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad that are not part of the conglomerate and that exceeds 10% of the amount of the Additional Capital   -         
40  Investments higher than 10% of the capital of institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad that are not part of the conglomerate   -         
41  National regulatory adjustments   -    -    
41.a  Funding instruments eligible for the Additional Capital issued by an institution that is authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad, and that is not part of the conglomerate, limited to the instruments held by third parties and issued until December 31, 2012   -    -    
41.b  Non-controlling interest in Additional Capital   -    -    
41.c  Other residual differences concerning the Additional Capital calculation methodology for regulatory purposes   -    -    
42  Regulatory adjustments applied to the Additional Capital due to the insufficiency of Tier II Capital to cover deductions   -    -    
43  Total regulatory deductions from the Additional Capital   -    -    
44  Additional Capital   45,987         
45  Tier I   101,000,684         
   Tier II: instruments             
46  Instruments eligible for Tier II Capital             
47  Instruments that are authorized to compose Tier II Capital before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect4   27,403,171    11,744,216    
48  Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries that are part of the conglomerate, non-deductible from Tier II Capital³   61,297    91,946    
               
49  of which: instruments issued by subsidiaries before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect   61,297    91,946    
50  Excess of provisions with respect to the loss expected in IRB   -    -    
51  Tier II before regulatory deductions   27,464,468         
   Tier II: regulatory deductions             
52  Shares or other instruments issued by the bank authorized to compose Tier II Capital, acquired directly, indirectly or synthetically   -    -    
53  Investments crossed with instruments eligible for Tier II Capital             
54  Added value of investments lower than 10% of the capital of institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad that are not part of the conglomerate and that exceeds 10% of the amount of Tier II Capital   -         
55  Investments higher than 10% of the capital of institutions authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad that are not part of the conglomerate   -         
56  National regulatory adjustments   -    -    
56.a  Funding instruments issued by an institution that is authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil or by a financial institution abroad, and that is not part of the conglomerate, limited to the instruments held by third parties and issued until December 31, 2012   -    -    
56.b  Non-controlling interest in Tier II   -    -    
56.c  Other residual differences concerning Tier II calculation methodology for regulatory purposes   -    -    
57  Total regulatory deductions from Tier II Capital   -    -    
58  Tier II   27,464,468         
59  Referential Equity (Tier I + Tier II)   128,465,152         
60  Total risk-weighted assets   722,467,645         
   1 - Considers prudential adjustments corresponding to deduction of non-controlling interest.    
   2 - Considers the deduction of deferred tax liabilities.    
   3 - Calculated according to article 9 of Bacen Resolution No. 4,192.    
   4 - Calculated according to article 29 of Resolution No. 4,192.    

 

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   Breakdown of the Referential Equity and Information on its adequacy  12/31/2015
      Value   Temporary Treatment   Balance
      (R$ Thousand)   (R$ Thousand)   Sheet Reference
   BIS Ratios and Additional Core Capital             
61  Common Equity Tier 1   14.0%        
62  Tier I Ratio   14.0%        
63  BIS Ratio   17.8%        
64  Core Capital minimum requirement, including capital additions (% of RWA)   4.5%        
65  of which: additional for preserving capital   0.0%        
66  of which: countercyclical additional   0.0%        
67  of which: additional for institutions that are systemically important at global level (G-SIB)             
68  Core Capital available to meet the requirement for Additional Core Capital (% of RWA)   9.5%        
   National Minimum             
69  Core Capital Ratio, if different from that established in Basel III             
70  Tier I Ratio, if different from that established in Basel III   6.0%        
71  BIS Ratio, if different from that established in Basel III   11%        
   Amounts below the limit for deduction (non-weighted by risk)             
72  Added value of investments lower than 10% of the capital of companies that are similar to non-consolidated financial institutions, insurance companies, reinsurance companies, capitalization companies and sponsored pension fund entities   17,463         
73  Investments higher than 10% of the capital of companies that are similar to non-consolidated financial institutions, insurance companies, reinsurance companies, capitalization companies and sponsored pension fund entities   6,973,745        (a) / (f)
74  Mortgage servicing rights             
75  Tax credits arising from temporary differences, not deducted from the Core Capital   8,169,460        (c)
   Limits to the inclusion of provisions in Tier II             
76  Generic provisions eligible for the inclusion in Tier II Capital related to exposures subject to the calculation of the capital requirement by means of a standardized approach             
77  Limit for the inclusion of generic provisions in Tier II Capital for exposures subject to the standardized approach             
78  Provisions eligible for the inclusion in Tier II Capital related to exposures subject to the calculation of the capital requirement by means of the IRB approach (before the application of the limit)   -         
79  Limit for the inclusion of provisions in Tier II Capital for exposures subject to the IRB approach   -         
   Instruments authorized to compose the Referential Equity before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect (applicable between October 1, 2013 and January 1, 2022)             
80  Current limit for instruments that are authorized to compose the Core Capital before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect             
81  Amount excluded from the Core Capital due to the limit             
82  Instruments that are authorized to compose the Additional Capital before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect   -    -    
83  Amount excluded from the Additional Capital due to the limit   -    -    
84  Instruments that are authorized to compose Tier II Capital before Resolution No. 4,192 of 2013 comes into effect4   27,403,171    -    
85  Amount excluded from Tier II Capital due to the limit4   11,744,216    -    
   1 - Considers prudential adjustments corresponding to deduction of non-controlling interest.    
   2 - Considers the deduction of deferred tax liabilities.    
   3 - Calculated according to article 9 of Bacen Resolution No. 4,192.    
   4 - Calculated according to article 29 of Resolution No. 4,192.    

 

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12Glossaries

 

12.1Glossary of Acronyms

 

A

·AVA - Avaliação de Vulnerabilidades e Ameaças (Threats and Vulnerabilities Analysis)
·ARS - Argentine Peso

B

·BACEN - Banco Central do Brasil (Central Bank of Brazil)
·BIA - Business Impact Analysis
·BM&FBOVESPA - Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (São Paulo Stock, Mercantile and Future Exchange)

·BRL - Brazilian Real

C

·CCB – Cédula de Crédito Bancário
·CDB - Certificado de Depósito Bancário (Bank Deposit Certificate)
·CDI - Certificado de Depósito Interfinanceiro (Interbank Deposit Certificate)
·CDS - Credit Default Swap
·CER - Coeficiente de Estabilización de Referencia (Argentine inflation index linked interest rate)
·CLN - Credit Linked Note
·CLP - Chilean Peso
·CMN - Conselho Monetário Nacional (National Monetary Council)
·CNSP - Conselho Nacional de Seguros Privados (National Council of Private Insurance)
·COPOM - Monetary Policy Committee
·CRA - Agribusiness Receivables Certificate
·CRI - Certificados de Recebíveis Imobiliários (Securitized Real Estate Loans)
·CVM - Securities and Exchange Commission

D

·DRL - Demonstrativo de Risco de Liquidez (Liquidity Risk Statements)
·DV01 - Delta Variation Risk

E

·EAD - Exposure at Default

F

·FIDC - Fundo de Investimento em Direitos Creditórios (Credit Rights Investment Funds)
·FII – Fundo de Investimento Imobiliário (Real Estate Investiment Fund)
·FPRs - Fatores de Ponderação de Riscos (weighting factor)

G

·GDP – Produto Interno Bruto (Gross Domestic Product)

I

·ICAAP - Internal capital adequacy assessment process
·IGPM – Índice Geral de Preços do Mercado (Brazilian consumer index)
·IPCA - Índice de Preço ao Consumidor Amplo (Brazilian consumer index)
·IT - Information Technology

L

·LGD - Loss Given Default

M

 

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·MEP - Equity Method
·MtM - Mark to Market

P

·PCN - Planos de Continuidade de Negócios (Business Continuity Plans)
·PD - Probability of default
·PR - Patrimônio de Referência (Referential Equity)
·PYG - Paraguayan Guarani

 

R

·RA - Risk Assessment
·RBAN - Referential equity calculated for covering the interest rate risk of trades of the Banking Portfolio
·RCAP – Regulatory Consistency Assessment Programme
·RCP - Risco de Crédito Potencial (Potential Credit Risk)
·RWA - Risk Weighted Asset
·RWAACS – Portion relating to exposures subjects to variations in equities prices and classified in the Trading Portfolio;
·RWACAM – Portion relating the exposures in gold, foreign exchange rate and assets subject to foreign exchange rate variations;
·RWACOM – Portion relating to exposures subjects to variations in commodity prices
·RWACPAD – Portion relating to exposures to credit risk
·RWAJUR - Portion relating to exposures subjects to variations of interest rates, interest coupons and coupon rates and classified in the Trading Portfolio
·RWAJUR1 – Portion relating to exposures subject to fixed income interest rate denominated in reais
·RWAJUR2 - Portion relating to exposures subject to variation in the foreign exchange linked interest rate
·RWAJUR3 - Portion relating to exposures subject to variation in the price index linked interest rates
·RWAJUR4 - Portion relating exposures subject to variation in the interest rate index linked interest rate
·RWAMPAD - Sum of the terms: RWACAM, RWAJUR, RWACOM, RWAACS
·RWAOPAD - Portion relating to the calculation of operational risk capital requirements

 

S

·SUSEP - Superintendência de Seguros Privados (Superintendence of Private Insurance)

T

·TRS - Total Return Swap
·TR - Taxa Referencial (Referential Rate)
·TVM - Títulos de valores mobiliários (Securities)

U

·UF - Chilean consumer index
·UI - Uruguayan consumer index
·U.S. - United States of America
·UYU - Uruguayan Peso

V

·VaR - Value at Risk

 

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12.2Glossary of Norms

 

·BACEN Circular No. 3,354 of June 27th, 2007
·BACEN Circular No. 3,547, of July 07th, 2011
·BACEN Circular No. 3,635, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,636, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,637, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,638, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,639, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,640, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,641, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,643, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,644, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,645, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,647, of March 04th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,652, of March 26th, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,675, of October 31st, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,678, of October 31st, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,679, of October 31st, 2013
·BACEN Circular No. 3,696, of January 03rd, 2014
·BACEN Circular No. 3,714, of August 20th, 2014
·BACEN Circular No. 3,716, of August 21st, 2014
·BACEN Circular No. 3,739, of December 17th, 2014
·BACEN Circular No. 3,748, of February 26th, 2015
·BACEN Circular No. 3,749, of March 05th, 2015
·BACEN Circular No. 3,768, of October 29th, 2015
·BACEN Circular No. 3,769, of October 29th, 2015
·BACEN Circular No. 3,770, of October 29th, 2015
·BACEN Circular Letter No. 3,565 of September 06th, 2012
·CNSP Resolution No. 228 of December 06th, 2010
·CNSP Resolution No. 280, of January 30th, 2013
·CNSP Resolution No. 282, of January 30th, 2013
·CNSP Resolution No. 283, of January 30th, 2013
·CNSP Resolution No. 284, of January 30th, 2013
·CNSP Resolution No. 321, of July 15th, 2015
·CMN Resolution No. 3,380 of June 29th, 2006
·CMN Resolution No. 3,444 of February 28th, 2007
·CMN Resolution No. 3,464 of June 26th, 2007
·CMN Resolution No. 3,533 of January 31st, 2008
·CMN Resolution No. 3,721 of April 30th, 2009
·CMN Resolution No. 3,809 of October 28th 2009
·CMN Resolution No. 3,921 of November 25th, 2010
·CMN Resolution No. 3,988 of June 30th, 2011
·CMN Resolution No. 4,090, of May 24th, 2012

 

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·CMN Resolution No. 4,192, of March 1st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,193, of March 1st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,194, of March 1st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,195, of March 1st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,277, of October 31st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,278, of October 31st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,279, of October 31st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,280, of October 31st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,281, of October 31st, 2013
·CMN Resolution No. 4,311, of February 20th, 2014
·CVM Regulatory Instruction No. 475 of December 17th, 2008

 

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