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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2012
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:  
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidation financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries Extractive Resources Corporation and Shamrock Oil and Gas Ltd.. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Basis of Presentation

The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America and are presented in US dollars. The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared by Spectral Capital Corporation (the “Company”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.  Certain information and disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of these financial statements have been included.  Such adjustments consist of normal recurring adjustments.  These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Extractive Resources Corporation.

 

Accounting Basis

The Company uses the accrual basis of accounting and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP” accounting). The Company has adopted a December 31 fiscal year end.

 

Exploration Stage Company

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles related to accounting and reporting by exploration-stage companies.  An exploration-stage company is one in which planned principal operations have not commenced, or if its operations have commenced, there has been no significant revenues there from.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Spectral Capital’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accrued expenses, and due to related parties. The carrying amount of these financial instruments approximates fair value due to either length of maturity or interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates unless otherwise disclosed in these financial statements.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  At June 30, 2012, the Company had $211,680 of unrestricted cash to be used for future business operations.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, the balances of which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company continually monitors its banking relationships and consequently has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with the guidance of FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation which requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values. In 2010, the Company issued 3,000,000 options vesting over periods ranging from immediate to five years. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in 2012 and 2011 totalled $226,914 and $nil respectively, for these options. Unrecognized expense of $1,438,632 remains to be recognized over the next four years. There was no stock-based compensation issued to employees in 2012.

 

The Company follows ASC Topic 505-50, formerly EITF 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods and Services,” for stock options and warrants issued to consultants and other non-employees.  In accordance with ASC Topic 505-50, these stock options and warrants issued as compensation for services provided to the Company are accounted for based upon the fair value of the services provided or the estimated fair market value of the option or warrant, whichever can be more clearly determined.  The fair value of the equity instrument is charged directly to compensation expense and additional paid-in capital over the period during which services are rendered. There were 750,000 options issued in 2011 to settle a dispute with an advisor. These options were valued at $400,425 using the Black-Scholes pricing model.

 

Income Taxes

Income taxes are computed using the asset and liability method.  Under the asset and liability method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws.  A valuation allowance is provided for the amount of deferred tax assets that, based on available evidence, are not expected to be realized. It is the Company’s policy to classify interest and penalties on income taxes as interest expense or penalties expense. As of June 30, 2012, there have been no interest or penalties incurred on income taxes.

 

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Revenue Recognition

The Company is in the exploration stage and has yet to realize revenues from operations.  Once the Company has commenced operations, it will recognize revenues when delivery of goods or completion of services has occurred provided there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, acceptance has been approved by its customers, the fee is fixed or determinable based on the completion of stated terms and conditions, and collection of any related receivable is probable.

 

Basic Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the Company’s net loss applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing the Company’s net income available to common shareholders by the diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding is the basic weighted number of shares adjusted for any potentially dilutive debt or equity. Common share equivalents totalling 14,600,000 and 18,850,000 were outstanding at June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, representing outstanding warrants and options, and were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the periods ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

 

Dividends

The Company has not adopted any policy regarding payment of dividends.  No dividends have been paid during the periods shown.

 

Mineral Properties

Costs of exploration, carrying and retaining unproven mineral lease properties are expensed as incurred.  Mineral property acquisition costs are capitalized including licenses and lease payments.  Although the Company has taken steps to verify title to mineral properties in which it has an interest, these procedures do not guarantee the Company's title. Such properties may be subject to prior agreements or transfers and title may be affected by undetected defects.

 

Impairment losses are recorded on mineral properties used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets’ carrying amount.

 

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost.  Depreciation is computed on the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are three years for the assets currently owned by the Company

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Spectral Capital does not expect the adoption of recently issued accounting pronouncements to have a significant impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

Reclassifications

Certain accounts and financial statement captions in the prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statements.