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Overview and Basis of Presentation
9 Months Ended
Oct. 30, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Overview and Basis of Presentation Overview and Basis of Presentation
Company and Background
VMware, Inc. (“VMware” or the “Company”) originally pioneered the development and application of virtualization technologies with x86 server-based computing, separating application software from the underlying hardware. Information technology (“IT”) driven innovation continues to disrupt markets and industries. Technologies emerge faster than organizations can absorb, creating increasingly complex environments. IT is working at an accelerated pace to harness new technologies, platforms and cloud models, ultimately guiding businesses through a digital transformation. To take on these challenges, VMware is working with customers in the areas of hybrid and multi-cloud, modern applications, networking, security and digital workspaces. VMware’s software provides a flexible digital foundation to enable customers in their digital transformations.
Accounting Principles
The financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
Retrospective Combination of Historical Financial Statements
In December 2019, VMware completed the acquisition of Pivotal, which was, at the time, a subsidiary of VMware’s parent company, Dell Technologies Inc. (“Dell”). The purchase of the controlling interest in Pivotal from Dell was accounted for as a transaction between entities under common control in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 805-50, Business Combination - Related Issues, which requires retrospective combination of entities for all periods presented, as if the combination had been in effect since the inception of common control. The condensed consolidated financial statements of VMware and notes thereto are presented on a combined basis, as both VMware and Pivotal were under common control for all periods presented.
Of the total amount of consideration for the acquisition of the non-controlling interest in Pivotal, $155 million was recognized in accrued expenses and other on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2020 for amounts potentially owed to dissenting stockholders. During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, VMware paid $91 million to dissenting stockholders of Pivotal, representing a portion of the amount accrued as of January 31, 2020.
Unaudited Interim Financial Information
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals, for a fair statement of VMware’s condensed consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented. Results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year 2021. Certain information and footnote disclosures typically included in annual consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted. Accordingly, these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in VMware’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 26, 2020.
Effective September 7, 2016, Dell (formerly Denali Holding Inc.) acquired EMC Corporation (“EMC”), VMware’s parent company, including EMC’s majority control of VMware. As of October 30, 2020, Dell controlled 80.4% of VMware’s outstanding common stock and 97.4% of the combined voting power of VMware’s outstanding common stock, including 31 million shares of VMware’s Class A common stock and all of VMware’s Class B common stock.
As VMware is a majority-owned and controlled subsidiary of Dell, its results of operations and financial position are consolidated with Dell’s financial statements.
Management believes the assumptions underlying the condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable. However, the amounts recorded for VMware’s related party transactions with Dell and its consolidated subsidiaries may not be considered arm’s length with an unrelated third party. Therefore, the condensed consolidated financial statements included herein may not necessarily reflect the results of operations, financial position and cash flows had VMware engaged in such transactions with an unrelated third party during all periods presented. Accordingly, VMware’s historical financial information is not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows will be in the future, if and when VMware contracts at arm’s length with unrelated third parties for products and services the Company receives from and provides to Dell.
Principles of Consolidation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of VMware and subsidiaries in which VMware has a controlling financial interest. The portion of results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interests for Pivotal prior to the acquisition was included in net loss attributable to non-controlling interests on the condensed consolidated statements of income for the periods presented. As part of the acquisition of Pivotal, VMware acquired the non-controlling interests in Pivotal from the holders of Pivotal Class A common stock, and has held 100% of the controlling financial interest in Pivotal since December 2019. The cumulative portion of the results of operations and changes in the net assets of Pivotal attributable to the non-controlling interests through the acquisition date were reclassified to additional paid-in capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2020.
All intercompany transactions and account balances between VMware and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation. Transactions with Dell and its consolidated subsidiaries are generally settled in cash and are classified on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows based upon the nature of the underlying transaction.
Use of Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, trade receivable valuation, marketing development funds, expected period of benefit for deferred commissions, useful lives assigned to fixed assets and intangible assets, valuation of goodwill and definite-lived intangibles, income taxes, stock-based compensation and contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
As the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty and therefore require increased judgment. These estimates and assumptions may change in future periods and will be recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements as new events occur and additional information becomes known. To the extent the Company’s actual results differ materially from those estimates and assumptions, VMware’s future financial statements could be affected. 
Income Taxes
VMware’s quarterly effective income tax rate is based on the Company’s estimated annual income tax rate forecast and discrete tax items recognized in the period. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company completed an intra-group transfer of certain of Pivotal’s intellectual property rights (the “IP”) to the Company’s Irish subsidiary, resulting in a discrete tax benefit of $59 million recognized with a deferred tax asset. This deferred tax asset was recognized as a result of the book and tax basis difference on the IP transferred and was based on the IP’s current fair value.
During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, a discrete tax benefit of $4.9 billion was recognized with a deferred tax asset due to an intra-group transfer of certain of the Company’s intellectual property rights to its Irish subsidiary. During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, certain statutes of limitations expired, which resulted in a reduction of unrecognized tax benefits of $53 million.
Subscription and SaaS Revenue
Effective with the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, VMware is presenting new revenue and cost of revenue line items entitled “subscription and SaaS revenue” and “cost of subscription and SaaS revenue.” Previously, subscription and software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) revenue was referred to as “hybrid cloud subscription and SaaS revenue” and was allocated between license revenue and services revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of income. In light of the Company’s recent acquisitions, management decided to separately present revenue recognized from subscription and SaaS offerings as management believes it provides a more meaningful representation of the nature of its revenue. Revenue and related costs from prior periods were reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
The following table summarizes the prior period reclassifications for revenue and the corresponding costs resulting from the presentation of the new revenue line item (amounts in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
 
November 1, 2019
 
As Previously Reported
 
Reclassification For New Revenue Line
 
Pivotal Adjustments(1)
 
As Adjusted
Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 

License
$
974

 
$
(246
)
 
$

 
$
728

Subscription and SaaS

 
330

 
140

 
470

Services
1,482

 
(84
)
 
60

 
1,458

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Cost of license revenue
59

 
(17
)
 

 
42

Cost of subscription and SaaS revenue

 
77

 
26

 
103

Cost of services revenue
319

 
(60
)
 
52

 
311

 
Nine Months Ended
 
November 1, 2019
 
As Previously Reported
 
Reclassification For New Revenue Line
 
Pivotal Adjustments(1)
 
As Adjusted
Revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
License
$
2,853

 
$
(706
)
 
$

 
$
2,147

Subscription and SaaS

 
921

 
399

 
1,320

Services
4,308

 
(215
)
 
178

 
4,271

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of license revenue
160

 
(44
)
 

 
116

Cost of subscription and SaaS revenue

 
219

 
75

 
294

Cost of services revenue
936

 
(175
)
 
155

 
916

(1) Includes adjustments related to the recast of prior periods resulting from the acquisition of Pivotal.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Effective February 1, 2020, VMware adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requires the measurement and recognition of current expected credit losses for financial assets. The standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
New Accounting Pronouncement
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, simplifying the accounting for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity and amending the diluted earnings per share guidance for greater consistency within the standard. With the exception of the impact to the Company’s diluted net income per share, which is not expected to be material, the updated standard is not expected to have any other impact on the Company’s financial statements. The updated standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021, but may be early adopted. VMware plans to adopt this updated standard during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 on a modified retrospective basis.