10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______ to ______.

Commission File Number: 001-34632

CRYOPORT, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Nevada	88-0313393
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

112 Westwood Place, Suite 350

Brentwood, TN 37027

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(949) 470-2300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class:	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value	CYRX	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (The Nasdaq Capital Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes  ☐    No   ☒

As of April 23, 2021 there were 45,681,456 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3
ITEM 1. Financial Statements	3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2021 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2020	3
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	4
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	5
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	6
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	8
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	33
ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	41
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures	42
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION	43
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings	43
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors	43
ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	43
ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	43
ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	43
ITEM 5. Other Information	43
ITEM 6. Exhibits	44
SIGNATURES	45

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	85,494	$	36,873
Short-term investments		267,721		56,444
Accounts receivable, net		36,504		31,377
Inventories		11,544		10,535
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		18,485		11,928
Total current assets		419,748		147,157
Property and equipment, net		31,694		30,036
Operating lease right-of-use assets		15,996		14,044
Intangible assets, net		209,267		213,908
Goodwill		141,305		145,282
Deposits		946		1,184
Other long-term assets		752		794
Total assets	$	819,708	$	552,405
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	$	27,083	$	24,844
Accrued compensation and related expenses		8,233		7,441
Deferred revenue		495		445
Operating lease liabilities		2,002		2,231
Finance lease liabilities		60		59
Total current liabilities		37,873		35,020
Convertible senior notes, net of discount of $3.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively		111,536		111,344
Note payable, net of discount of $1.2 million and $0, respectively		3,497		4,912
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		14,502		12,261
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion		92		112
Deferred tax liability		4,626		5,882
Other long-term liabilities		307		176
Total liabilities		172,433		169,707
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 2,500,000 shares authorized:
Class A convertible preferred stock — $0.001 par value; 800,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding		—		—
Class B convertible preferred stock — $0.001 par value; 585,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding		—		—
Class C convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 250,000 shares authorized; 200,000 issued and outstanding		4,275		2,844
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 45,693,692 and 39,837,058 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively		45		40
Additional paid-in capital		837,615		566,451
Accumulated deficit		(195,540)		(192,013)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		880		5,376
Total stockholders’ equity		647,275		382,698
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	819,708	$	552,405

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020
Service revenues	$	26,765	$	9,774
Product revenues		26,519		—
Total revenues		53,284		9,774
Cost of service revenues		15,552		4,516
Cost of product revenues		13,182		—
Total cost of revenues		28,734		4,516
Gross margin		24,550		5,258
Operating costs and expenses:
Selling, general and administrative		21,388		7,111
Engineering and development		4,304		1,733
Total operating costs and expenses		25,692		8,844
Loss from operations		(1,142)		(3,586)
Other income (expense):
Investment income		398		307
Interest expense		(1,210)		(2)
Other expense, net		(535)		(628)
Total other expense, net		(1,347)		(323)
Loss before provision for income taxes		(2,489)		(3,909)
Provision for income taxes		(1,038)		(33)
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock		(2,196)		—
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(5,723)	$	(3,942)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders – basic and diluted	$	(0.13)	$	(0.11)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted		43,804,483		37,548,549

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands)

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities		(768)		471
Reclassification of realized (gain) loss on available-for-sale debt securities to earnings		30		(1)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(3,758)		(2)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(4,496)		468
Total comprehensive loss	$	(8,023)	$	(3,474)

5

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(In thousands, except share data)

																	Other
	Class A			Class B			Class C										Comprehensive		Total
	Preferred Stock			Preferred Stock			Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Additional		Accumulated		Income		Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Paid–In Capital		Deficit		(Loss)		Equity  (Deficit)
Balance at December 31, 2019	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—	37,339,787	$	37	$	285,609	$	(159,320)	$	(45)	$	126,281
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,942)		—		(3,942)
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		468		468
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		1,600		—		—		1,600
Issuance of common stock for board of director compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—	1,269		—		21		—		—		21
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options and warrants	—		—	—		—	—		—	589,199		1		2,877		—		—		2,878
Balance at March 31, 2020	—	$	—	—	$	—	—	$	—	37,930,255	$	38	$	290,107	$	(163,262)	$	423	$	127,306
Balance at December 31, 2020	—		—	—		—	250,000		2,844	39,837,058		40		566,451		(192,013)		5,376		382,698
Net loss	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,527)		—		(3,527)
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		—		—		(4,496)		(4,496)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		2,979		—		—		2,979
Issuance of common stock for board of director compensation	—		—	—		—	—		—	229		—		11		—		—		11
Cost of Series C preferred stock conversion	—		—	—		—	—		—	—		—		(1,800)		—		—		(1,800)
Issuance of common stock in public offering, net of costs of $17.7 million	—		—	—		—	—		—	4,356,059		4		269,821		—		—		269,825
Conversion of Series C preferred shares to common stock	—		—	—		—	(50,000)		(765)	1,312,860		1		764		—		—		—
Paid-in-kind preferred stock dividend, including beneficial conversion feature	—		—	—		—	—		2,196	—		—		(2,196)		—		—		—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants	—		—	—		—	—		—	187,486		—		1,585		—		—		1,585
Balance at March 31, 2021	—	$	—	—	$	—	200,000	$	4,275	45,693,692	$	45	$	837,615	$	(195,540)	$	880	$	647,275

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited, in thousands)

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		4,837		824
Amortization of debt discount		264		—
Unrealized loss (gain) on investments in equity securities		263		(144)
Realized loss on investments in equity securities		—		793
Realized loss (gain) on available-for-sale investments		40		(11)
Stock-based compensation expense		2,990		1,620
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		71		80
Provision for bad debt		63		4
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(5,213)		955
Inventories		(988)		9
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(6,545)		95
Deposits		229		(46)
Change in operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities		60		7
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses		532		65
Accrued compensation and related expenses		804		768
Deferred revenue		49		(27)
Deferred tax liability		80		9
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		(5,991)		1,059
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(2,811)		(596)
Software development costs		(193)		—
Purchases of short-term investments		(215,318)		(16,195)
Sales/maturities of short-term investments		3,000		16,279
Patent and trademark costs		(48)		(30)
Net cash used in investing activities		(215,370)		(542)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants		1,586		2,878
Proceeds from public offering, net of $17.7 million in offering costs		269,825		—
Repayment of finance lease liabilities		(18)		(14)
Net cash provided by financing activities		271,393		2,864
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents		(1,411)		7
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		48,621		3,388
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period		36,873		47,234
Cash and cash equivalents — end of period	$	85,494	$	50,622
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities:
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock to common stock	$	765	$	—
Cost of Series C Preferred stock conversion included in additional paid-in-capital and accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	1,800	$	—
CRYOPDP goodwill adjustment included in deferred tax liability	$	1,394	$	—
CRYOPDP goodwill adjustment included in fixed assets	$	71	$	—
Note valuation adjustment included in note payable and goodwill	$	1,266	$	—
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities	$	768	$	471
Reclassification of realized gain on available-for-sale debt securities to earnings	$	30	$	—
Purchase of equipment through capital lease obligations	$	—	$	203
Fixed assets included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	198	$	608

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Management’s Representation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Cryoport, Inc. (the “Company”, “Cryoport”, “our” or “we”) in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statement presentation. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of this filing and determined that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the notes thereto other than as disclosed in the accompanying notes.

Note 2. Nature of the Business

Cryoport is a life sciences services company that is an integral part of the temperature-controlled supply chain supporting the biopharma/pharma, animal health, and reproductive medicine markets. We are redefining logistics for the life sciences industry by providing a unique platform of critical solutions including highly differentiated temperature-controlled supply chain solutions, which include advanced packaging, informatics, specialty logistics services, biostorage services and cryogenic life sciences equipment. Through our products, services and expertise, we enable our clients to ship, store and deliver cellular-based materials and drug products as well as other life sciences commodities in a precise, defined temperature-controlled state.

Cryoport’s advanced platform, comprised of comprehensive and technology-centric systems and solutions are designed to support the global high-volume distribution of commercial biologic and cell-based products and therapies regulated by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other international regulatory bodies for distribution in the Americas, EMEA (Europe, the Middle East, and Africa) and APAC (Asia-Pacific) regions. Cryoport’s solutions are also designed to support pre-clinical, clinical trials, Biologics License Applications (BLA), Investigational New Drug Applications (IND), New Drug Applications (NDA) and Commercialized Products with the FDA, as well as global clinical trials and commercialized products initiated in other countries, where strict regulatory compliance and quality assurance is mandated. Our industry standard setting Chain of Compliance^TM solutions, which include vital analytics, such as ‘chain-of-condition’ and ‘chain-of-custody’ information in a single data stream, empower our clients’ continuous vigilance over their respective commodities. In addition, our Chain of Compliance^TM standard ensures full traceability of all equipment used and the processes employed, further supporting each client’s goal of minimizing risk and maximizing success of their respective biologics or other products and therapies as they are introduced into the global markets.

On August 21, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement to acquire CRYOPDP, a leading global provider of innovative temperature-controlled logistics solutions to the clinical research, pharmaceutical and cell and gene therapy markets, headquartered in Paris, France. Under the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests in Advanced Therapy Logistics and Solutions, a company organized under the laws of France, which is the holding company that owns CRYOPDP (the “CRYOPDP Acquisition”). The purchase price under the Securities Purchase Agreement was €49 million (approximately $58.0 million).

8

On August 24, 2020, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with Chart Industries, Inc. (“Chart”) pursuant to which the Company acquired Chart’s MVE Biological Solutions’ cryobiological storage business (the “MVE Acquisition”) for a cash purchase price at closing of $320 million, subject to customary closing working capital and other adjustments. The MVE Acquisition was structured as the acquisition of certain equity interests and assets and the transfer of certain liabilities in connection therewith.

On October 1, 2020, the Company completed both the MVE Acquisition and the CRYOPDP Acquisition.

The Company is a Nevada corporation and its common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market exchange under the ticker symbol “CYRX.”

Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cryoport, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cryoport Systems, LLC, Cryogene, Inc., MVE Biological Solutions US LLC, and Cryoport Netherlands B.V. and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Our cash and cash equivalents represent demand deposits, and money market funds which are readily convertible into cash, have maturities of 90 days or less when purchased and are considered highly liquid and easily tradeable.

Short-Term Investments

Our investments in equity securities consist of mutual funds with readily determinable fair values which are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

Investments in debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Gains and losses are recognized when realized. When we have determined that an other than temporary decline in fair value has occurred, the amount related to a credit loss is recognized in earnings. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method.

Short-term investments are classified as current assets even though maturities may extend beyond one year because they represent investments of cash available for operations.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from estimated amounts. The Company’s significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, fair value of short-term investments, valuations and purchase price allocations related to business combinations, expected future cash flows including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets, estimated fair values of intangible assets and goodwill, intangible asset useful lives and amortization methods, allowance for inventory obsolescence, equity-based instruments, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance.

9

Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Future events, including the extent and the duration of the COVID-19 related economic impacts, and their effects cannot be predicted with certainty, and, accordingly the Company’s accounting estimates require the exercise of judgment.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, finance lease liabilities, note payable, and the Company’s 3.00% convertible senior notes due in 2025 (the “Senior Notes”). The carrying value for all such instruments, except finance lease liabilities, note payable and the Senior Notes, approximates fair value at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of finance lease liabilities approximates fair value because the interest rate approximates market rates available to us for similar obligations with the same maturities. For additional information related to fair value measurements, including the note payable and the Senior Notes, see Notes 9 and 10.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. From time to time, we maintain cash, cash equivalent and short-term investment balances in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”).  Primarily all of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at March 31, 2021 were in excess of amounts insured by the FDIC and SIPC.  The Company performs ongoing evaluations of these institutions to limit its concentration risk exposure.  We manage such risks in our portfolio by investing in highly liquid, highly-rated instruments, and limit investing in long-term maturity instruments.

Our investment policy requires that purchased instruments in marketable securities may only be in highly-rated instruments, which are primarily U.S. Treasury bills or treasury-backed securities, and also limits our investment in securities of any single issuer.

Customers

The Company grants credit to customers within the U.S. and international customers and does not require collateral. Revenues from international customers are generally secured by advance payments except for established foreign customers. The Company generally requires advance or credit card payments for initial revenues from new customers. The Company’s ability to collect receivables can be affected by economic fluctuations in the geographic areas and industries served by the Company. Reserves for uncollectible amounts are provided based on past experience and a specific analysis of the accounts, which management believes to be sufficient. Accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are net of reserves for doubtful accounts of $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Although the Company expects to collect amounts due, actual collections may differ from the estimated amounts. The Company maintains reserves for bad debt and such losses, in the aggregate, historically have not exceeded its estimates.

The Company’s customers are in the biopharma, pharmaceutical, animal health, reproductive medicine and other life science industries. Consequently, there is a concentration of accounts receivable within these industries, which is subject to normal credit risk. At March 31, 2021, there was one customer that accounted for 10.5% of net accounts receivable. At December 31, 2020, there were no customers that accounted for more than 10% of net accounts receivable. There were no other single customers that owed us more than 10% of net accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The Company has revenue from foreign customers primarily in United Kingdom, Switzerland, France, Netherlands, Singapore, China and India. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had revenues from foreign customers of approximately $25.5 million and $2.1 million, respectively, which constituted approximately 48.0% and 21.4%, respectively, of total revenues. There was one customer that accounted for 12.5% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021. There were three customers that accounted for 17.9%, 16.7% and 10.8% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2020, respectively. No other single customer generated over 10% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

10

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. Inventories are reviewed periodically for slow-moving or obsolete status. The Company writes down the carrying value of its inventories to reflect situations in which the cost of inventories is not expected to be recovered. Once established, write-downs of inventories are considered permanent adjustments to the cost basis of the obsolete or excess inventories. Raw materials and finished goods include material costs less reserves for obsolete or excess inventories. The Company evaluates the current level of inventories considering historical trends and other factors, such as selling prices and costs of completion, disposal and transportation, and based on the evaluation, records adjustments to reflect inventories at net realizable value. These adjustments are estimates, which could vary significantly from actual results if future economic conditions, customer demand, competition or other relevant factors differ from expectations. These estimates require us to make assessments about future demand for the Company’s products in order to categorize the status of such inventories items as slow-moving, obsolete or in excess-of-need. These estimates are subject to the ongoing accuracy of the Company’s forecasts of market conditions, industry trends, competition and other factors.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation.  We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which is generally three to twelve years for computer hardware and software, seven to ten years for freezers, four to ten years for trucks and autos, three to fifteen years for furniture and equipment and over the shorter of the lease term or useful live of the assets for leasehold improvements. Buildings are depreciated over a useful life ranging from 20 to 45 years. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Betterments, renewals and extraordinary repairs that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization applicable to assets retired are removed from the accounts, and the gain or loss on disposition is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term, and operating lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating leases are included in ROU assets, current operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current finance lease liabilities, and long-term finance lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

Lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date calculated using our incremental borrowing rate applicable to the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. ROU assets also include any lease payments made at or before lease commencement and exclude any lease incentives received. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s leases do not contain any residual value guarantees. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company accounts for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all its leases.

Business Combinations

Total consideration transferred for acquisitions is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the dates of acquisition. This purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions primarily with respect to intangible assets. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based on detailed valuations that use information and assumptions determined by management. Any excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, the Company’s estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill.

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Goodwill

The Company evaluates goodwill on an annual basis in the fourth quarter or more frequently if management believes indicators of impairment exist. Such indicators could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. The Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit’s with its carrying amount and then recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting units fair value up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company assessed  triggering events indicating potential goodwill impairment, including the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and after assessment, concluded that there was no impairment during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are comprised of patents, trademarks, software development costs and the intangible assets acquired in the MVE, CRYOPDP and Cryogene acquisitions which include a non-compete agreement, technology, customer relationships, trade name/trademark, agent network, order backlog, developed technology and land use rights. The Company capitalizes costs of obtaining patents and trademarks, which are amortized, using the straight-line method over their estimated useful life of five years once the patent or trademark has been issued. The non-compete agreement, technology, customer relationships, trade name/trademark, agent network, order backlog, developed technology and land use rights, acquired in the MVE, CRYOPDP and Cryogene acquisitions are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (see Note 8). The Company uses the following valuation methodologies to value the significant intangible assets acquired: income approach for customer relationships, replacement cost for agent network and software, and relief from royalty for trade name/trademarks and developed technology.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an intangible asset's carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant decrease in the market value of an asset, (2) a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or (3) an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition of an asset. The Company measures the carrying amount of the asset against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with it. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value of the asset being evaluated, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss would be calculated as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. The estimate of fair value is based on various valuation techniques, including the discounted value of estimated future cash flows. The evaluation of asset impairment requires the Company to make assumptions about future cash flows over the life of the asset being evaluated. These assumptions require significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts. There was no impairment of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Other Long-lived Assets

If indicators of impairment exist, we assess the recoverability of the affected long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets can be recovered through undiscounted future operating cash flows. If impairment is indicated, we measure the amount of such impairment by comparing the fair value to the carrying value. We believe the future cash flows to be received from the long-lived assets will exceed the assets’ carrying value, and accordingly, we have not recognized any impairment losses through March 31, 2021.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs represent costs incurred in connection with the issuance of debt instruments and equity financings. Deferred financing costs related to the issuance of debt are amortized over the term of the financing instrument using the effective interest method and are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as an offset against the related debt. Offering costs from equity financings are netted against the gross proceeds received from the equity financings.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provision of ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, or ASC 740. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no material unrecognized tax benefits included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets that would, if recognized, affect the effective tax rate.

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Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided for certain deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize tax assets through future operations. Based on the weight of available evidence, the Company’s management has determined that it is not more likely than not that the U.S. based net deferred tax assets will be realized. Therefore, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its U.S. based net deferred tax assets. With respect to the foreign based deferred tax assets, the Company's management has reviewed these deferred tax assets on a jurisdictional basis. Based on the weight of each jurisdiction's evidence available, the Company's management has made separate determinations for each foreign jurisdiction regarding whether it is more likely than not that a net deferred tax asset within a particular jurisdiction will be realized. The Company has recorded full valuation allowances in jurisdictions where deferred tax assets are not deemed more likely than not to be realized.

Additionally, the Company maintains a deferred tax liability related to indefinite-lived assets that have been netted against deferred tax assets that also allow for indefinite carryforward periods subject to limitations.  The remaining taxable temporary difference cannot serve as a source for future taxable income to realize federal net operating losses, due to the fact that post-2017 federal net operating losses are only eligible to offset 80% of income in a given year or in the case of state net operating losses, the state net operating losses will expire prior to the reversal of the taxable temporary difference.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company has immaterial accruals for interest or penalties on its consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and has recorded only immaterial interest and/or penalties in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., various state jurisdictions and in various foreign countries. As of March 31, 2021, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for years before 2017 and for California franchise and income tax examinations for years before 2016. However, to the extent allowed by law, the taxing authorities may have the right to examine prior periods where net operating losses were generated and carried forward and make adjustments up to the amount of the net operating loss carry forward amount. The Company is not currently under examination by U.S. federal or state jurisdictions. Our foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to examination three years following the year in which the tax obligation originated.  The years subject to audit may be extended if the entity substantially understates corporate income tax. The Company's subsidiary in India is currently under examination by the Indian tax authorities for 2012-2013, 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 tax periods. Other than India, the Company does not have any foreign subsidiaries currently under audit by their local taxing authorities.

In December of 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The Board issued this Update as part of its Simplification Initiative to improve areas of U.S. GAAP and reduce cost and complexity while maintaining usefulness. The main provision that impacts the company is the removal of the exception to the incremental approach of intra-period tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or gain from other items (for example, discontinued operations and other comprehensive income). ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 31, 2020. Different components of the guidance require retrospective, modified retrospective or prospective adoption. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2020, and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). The Cares Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax breaks to strengthen the United States economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID-19. The CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions are removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, increasing the loss carryback period for certain losses to five years, and increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. At March 31, 2021, the Company has not recorded any income tax provision/(benefit) resulting from the CARES Act mainly due the Company’s history of net operating losses generated and the maintenance of a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.  

On June 29, 2020, the State of California passed Assembly Bill 85 which suspends the California net operating loss deduction for the 2020-2022 tax years and the R&D credit usage for the same period (for credit usages in excess of $5 million). These suspensions were considered in preparation of the March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 financial statements.

On December 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 (“CAA”).  The CAA includes provisions extending certain CARES Act provisions and adds coronavirus relief, tax and health extenders. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the CAA and its impact on our financial statements in 2021 and beyond.

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On March 11, 2021, the United States enacted the American Rescue Plan (“ARP”). The ARP includes provisions extending certain CARES Act provisions, repeals a worldwide interest allocation election, modifies the $1 million executive compensation limitation for years after 2026 and extends the employee retention credit. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the ARP and its impact on our financial statements in 2021 and beyond.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized when control is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods and services. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps: (i) identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognition of revenue when or as a performance obligation is satisfied.

Performance Obligations

At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. Revenue is recognized when our performance obligation has been met. The Company considers control to have transferred upon delivery because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the Company has transferred use of the asset, and the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset.

For arrangements under which the Company provides biological specimen storage services and logistics support and management to the customer, the Company satisfies its performance obligations as those services are performed whereby the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of such services under the agreement.

Revenue generated from short-term logistics and engineering consulting services provided to customers is recognized when the Company satisfies the contractually defined performance obligations. When a contract includes multiple performance obligations, the contract price is allocated among the performance obligations based upon the stand-alone selling prices. Approved contract modifications are accounted for as either a separate contract or as part of the existing contract depending on the nature of the modification.

Our performance obligations on our orders and under the terms of agreements with customers are generally satisfied within one year from a given reporting date and, therefore, we omit disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations on open orders.

Shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers are accounted for as costs to fulfill our promise to transfer the associated products pursuant to the accounting policy election allowed under Topic 606 and are not considered a separate performance obligation to our customers. Accordingly, the Company records amounts billed for shipping and handling as a component of revenue. Shipping and handling fees and costs are included in cost of revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Revenues are recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental agencies.

Significant Payment Terms

Pursuant to the Company’s contracts with its customers, amounts billed for services or products delivered by the Company are generally due and payable in full within 15  to 60 days from the date of the invoice (except for any amounts disputed by the customer in good faith). Accordingly, the Company determined that its contracts with customers do not include extended payment terms or a significant financing component.

Variable Consideration

When a contract includes variable consideration, the Company evaluates the estimate of the variable consideration to determine whether the estimate needs to be constrained. Variable consideration is estimated at the most likely amount that is expected to be earned.

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Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available. Variable consideration estimates are updated at each reporting date. Revenues are recorded net of variable consideration, such as discounts and allowances.

Warranties

The Company provides product warranties with varying terms and durations for some of its products. The Company estimates product warranty costs and accrues for these costs as products are sold with a charge to cost of sales. Factors considered in estimating warranty costs include historical and projected warranty claims, historical and projected cost-per-claim, and knowledge of specific product issues that are outside of typical experience. Warranty accruals are evaluated and adjusted as necessary based on actual claims experience and changes in future claim and cost estimates.

Product warranty accrued liabilities totaled $0.2 million and $0.2 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are included in accounts payable and other accrued expenses. Warranty expense was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Incremental Direct Costs

Incremental direct costs are expensed when incurred when the amortization period of the asset that would have been recognized is one year or less; otherwise, incremental contract costs are recognized as an asset and amortized over time as promised goods and services are transferred to a customer. Incremental direct costs were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

The Company expenses incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract (sales commissions) when incurred because the amortization period is generally 12 months or less. The Company does not incur costs to fulfill a customer contract that meet the requirements for capitalization.

Contract Assets

Typically, we invoice the customer and recognize revenue once we have satisfied our performance obligation. Accordingly, our contract assets comprise accounts receivable, which are recognized when payment is unconditional and only the passage of time is required before payment is due. Generally, we do not have material amounts of other contract assets since revenue is recognized as control of goods is transferred or as services are performed.

Contract Liabilities (Deferred Revenue)

Contract liabilities are recorded when cash payments are received in advance of the Company’s performance. Deferred revenue was $0.5 million and $0.3 million at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized revenues of $0.2 million from the related contact liabilities outstanding as the services were performed.

Nature of Goods and Services

The Company provides Cryoport Express^® Shippers to its customers and charges a fee in exchange for the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper under long-term master service agreements with customers. The Company’s arrangements convey to the customers the right to use the Cryoport Express^® Shippers over a period of time. The Company retains title to the Cryoport Express^® Shippers and provides its customers the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper for a specified shipping cycle. At the culmination of the customer’s shipping cycle, the Cryoport Express^® Shipper is returned to the Company.

The Company recognizes revenue for the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shippers at the time of the delivery of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper to the end user of the enclosed materials, and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides vacuum insulated aluminum dewars and cryogenic freezers systems to its customers. Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies performance obligations by transferring the equipment to a customer, and at the time that collectability is probable.

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The Company also provides global temperature-controlled logistics services, support and management. Revenue is recognized for these services as services are rendered and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides comprehensive and integrated temperature-controlled biostorage solutions to customers in the life sciences industry and charges a fee under long-term master service agreements with customers. These services include (1) biological specimen cryopreservation storage and maintenance, (2) archiving, monitoring, tracking, receipt and delivery of samples, (3) transport of frozen biological specimens to and from customer locations, and (4) management of incoming and outgoing biological specimens. The Company recognizes revenue for its biostorage solutions as services are rendered over time and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides short-term logistics and engineering consulting services to some customers, with fees tied to the completion of contractually defined services. We recognize revenue from these services over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of these services as they are performed.

A significant portion of our revenues are covered under long-term agreements. We have determined that individual Statements of Work or Scope of Work (“SOW”), whose terms and conditions taken with a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”), create the Topic 606 contracts which are generally short-term in nature (e.g., 15-day shipping cycle) for the Cryoport Express^® solutions and up to 12 months for biostorage solutions. Our agreements (including SOWs) generally do not have multiple performance obligations and, therefore, do not require an allocation of a single price amongst multiple goods or services.  Prices under these agreements are generally fixed.

Revenue Disaggregation

The Company views its operations, makes decisions regarding how to allocate resources and manages its business as one reportable segment and one reporting unit. As a result, the financial information disclosed herein represents all of the material financial information related to the Company. When disaggregating revenue, the Company considered all of the economic factors that may affect its revenues. We consider sales disaggregated by end-market to depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are impacted by changes in economic factors. The following table disaggregates our revenues by major markets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Biopharma/Pharma	$	42,393	$	8,786
Animal Health		8,997		225
Reproductive Medicine		1,894		763
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Given that the Company’s revenues are generated in different geographic regions, factors such as regulatory and geopolitical factors within those regions could impact the nature, timing and uncertainty of the Company’s revenues and cash flows. Our geographical revenues, by origin, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Americas	$	27,734	$	7,685
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA)		14,208		1,932
Asia Pacific (APAC)		11,342		157
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Cost of Services Revenues

Our cost of services revenues is primarily comprised of freight charges, payroll and associated expenses related to our global logistics and supply chain centers, depreciation expenses of our Cryoport Express^® Shippers and supplies and consumables used for our solutions.

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Cost of Product Revenues

Our cost of product revenues is primarily comprised of materials, direct and indirect labor, inbound freight charges, purchasing and receiving, inspection, and distribution and warehousing of inventory. In addition, shop supplies, facility maintenance costs and depreciation expense for assets used in the manufacturing process are included in cost of product revenues.

Engineering and Development Expenses

Expenditures relating to engineering and development are expensed in the period incurred to engineering and development expense in the statement of operations.

Acquisition Costs

Acquisition costs consist of legal, accounting, third-party valuations, and other due diligence costs related to our MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP acquisitions.

Stock-Based Compensation

Under our stockholder approved stock-based compensation plan, we have granted incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units that vest over four years.  Incentive and non-qualified stock options expire from seven to ten years from date of grant. The Company accounts for stock-based payments in accordance with stock-based payment accounting guidance which requires all stock-based payments to be recognized based upon their fair values. The fair value of stock options is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model (“Black-Scholes”) and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period.  The determination of fair value using Black-Scholes is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and expected term. The Company accounts for forfeitures of unvested awards as they occur.

The grant date fair value per share for restricted stock units is based upon the closing market price of our common stock on the award grant date.

The Company’s stock-based compensation plans are discussed further in Note 14.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

We calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. In periods of a net loss position, basic and diluted weighted average common shares are the same. For the diluted earnings per share calculation, we adjust the weighted average number of common shares outstanding to include dilutive stock options, warrants and shares associated with the conversion of the Senior Notes and convertible preferred stock outstanding during the periods.

The following shows the amounts used in computing net loss per share (in thousands except per share data):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock		(2,196)		—
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(5,723)	$	(3,942)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		43,804,483		37,548,549
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.11)

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The following table sets forth the number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021	2020
Stock options	6,149,186	3,867,924
Warrants	—	502,632
Restricted stock units	304,157	—
Series C convertible preferred stock	5,283,411	—
Convertible senior notes	4,810,002	—
	16,546,756	4,370,556

Foreign Currency Transactions

Management has determined that the functional currency of its subsidiaries is the local currency.  Assets and liabilities of the Netherlands and United Kingdom subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rates.  Income and expenses are translated at an average exchange rate for the period and the resulting translation gain (loss) adjustments are accumulated as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.  The translation gain (loss) adjustment totaled $(3.8) million and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Foreign currency gains and losses from transactions denominated in other than respective local currencies are included in earnings.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Reclassification

Prior year amounts in sales and marketing expense have been reclassified to selling, general and administrative expense to conform to the current period presentation, which reflects how the Company tracks operating costs. These reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported net loss.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. Under ASU 2020-06, the embedded conversion features are no longer separated from the host contract for convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or that do not result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. Similarly, equity-classified convertible preferred stock instruments will be accounted for as single units of account in equity unless the conversion feature needs to be bifurcated under Topic 815. The new guidance also made amendments to the earnings per share guidance in Topic 260, Earnings Per Share, for convertible instruments, the most significant impact of which is requiring the use of the if- converted method for diluted earnings per share calculation. Further, ASU 2020-06 made revisions to Topic 815-40, which provides guidance on how an entity must determine whether a contract qualifies for a scope exception from derivative accounting. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the standard requires using either a modified retrospective or a full retrospective approach. Effective January 1, 2021, we early adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. Adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, “Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815.” The new guidance clarifies the interaction of accounting for the transition into and out of the equity method and the accounting for measuring certain purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments. ASU 2020-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

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Accounting Guidance Issued but Not Adopted at March 31, 2021

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." This ASU replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information for credit loss estimates on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. In addition, new disclosures are required. The ASU, as subsequently amended, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC. As a smaller reporting company, we are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

Note 4. Acquisitions

2020 Acquisitions – CRYOPDP and MVE

CRYOPDP Acquisition

On October 1, 2020, the Company completed its acquisition of CRYOPDP for a cash consideration of €48.3 million (approximately $57.0 million, the “CRYOPDP Acquisition”). This acquisition was funded with existing cash on hand. CRYOPDP, based in France, is a leading global provider of innovative temperature-controlled logistics solutions to the clinical research, pharmaceutical and cell and gene therapy markets. CRYOPDP conducts its business activities in the Americas, EMEA and APAC. As a result of the CRYOPDP Acquisition, the Company has extended its solutions to include broader temperature-controlled logistics and specialty courier services and has significantly expanded its global network through CRYOPDP’s 22 facilities in 12 countries.

The final purchase price for the CRYOPDP Acquisition was $56.7 million, after receiving $0.3 million net working capital settlement from the sellers during the three months ended March 31, 2021. As of October 1, 2020, the Company recorded net assets acquired of $57.0 million, including goodwill of $25.5 million. Through March 31, 2021, the Company recorded measurement period adjustments of $2.9 million, mainly comprised of $1.3 million fair value on the note payable and $1.5 million deferred tax adjustments, resulting in adjusted goodwill of $22.6 million and adjusted net assets acquired of $56.7 million. The purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed remains open due to the finalization of the purchase price allocation during the measurement process.

MVE Acquisition

On October 1, 2020, the Company completed its acquisition of Chart Industries, Inc.’s MVE cryobiological storage business (the “MVE Acquisition”) for a cash consideration of $317.5 million, subject to customary closing working capital and other adjustments. The Company financed a portion of the closing cash payment of the MVE Acquisition with the net proceeds of the Blackstone Private Placement, as further discussed in Note 13. MVE is a global leader in manufactured vacuum insulated products and cryogenic freezer systems for the life sciences industry. MVE has manufacturing and distribution operations in the Americas, EMEA and APAC. As a result of the MVE Acquisition, the Company has extended its integrated logistics solutions to provide a broad range of cryogenic dewars and freezers to the life sciences industry.

As of October 1, 2020, the Company recorded net assets acquired of $317.5 million, including goodwill of $106.2 million. Through March 31, 2021, the Company did not record any material measurement period adjustments. The purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed remains open due to the finalization of the purchase price allocation during the measurement process.

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Note 5. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Cash	$	23,913	$	25,053
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund		61,581		11,820
Total cash and cash equivalents		85,494		36,873
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury notes and bills		234,578		23,309
Mutual funds		33,143		33,135
Total short-term investments		267,721		56,444
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	353,215	$	93,317

Available-for-sale investments

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury notes	$	235,185	$	128	$	(735)	$	234,578
Total available-for-sale investments	$	235,185	$	128	$	(735)	$	234,578

The following table summarizes the fair value of available-for-sale investments based on stated contractual maturities as of March 31, 2021:

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	41,030	$	41,058
Due between one and two years		194,155		193,520
Total	$	235,185	$	234,578

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at December 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

			Unrealized		Unrealized
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury notes	$	23,179	$	173	$	(43)	$	23,309
Total available-for-sale investments	$	23,179	$	173	$	(43)	$	23,309

The following table summarizes the fair value of available-for-sale investments based on stated contractual maturities as of December 31, 2020:

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	14,084	$	14,111
Due between one and two years		9,095		9,198
Total	$	23,179	$	23,309

The primary objective of our investment portfolio is to enhance overall returns in an efficient manner while maintaining safety of principal, prudent levels of liquidity and acceptable levels of risk. Our investment policy limits interest-bearing security investments to certain types of debt and money market instruments issued by institutions with primarily investment-grade credit ratings, and it places restrictions on maturities and concentration by asset class and issuer.

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We review our available-for-sale investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value below our cost basis each quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the cost basis of an asset may not be recoverable. The evaluation is based on a number of factors, including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been below our cost basis, as well as adverse conditions related specifically to the security such as any changes to the credit rating of the security and the intent to sell or whether we will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Our assessment of whether a security is other-than-temporarily impaired could change in the future based on new developments or changes in assumptions related to that particular security.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we had realized gains of $40,000 on available-for-sale investments.

Equity Investments

We held investments in equity securities with readily determinable fair values of $33.1 million at March 31, 2021. These investments consist of mutual funds that invest primarily in tax-free municipal bonds and treasury inflation protected securities.

Unrealized gains (losses) during 2021 and 2020 related to equity securities held at March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

		2021		2020
Net losses recognized during the three months on equity securities	$	(263)	$	(649)
Less: net gains (losses) recognized during the year on equity securities sold during the year		—		(793)
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the three months on equity securities still held at March 31, 2021 and 2020	$	(263)	$	144

Note 6. Fair Value Measurements

We measure fair value based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include the following:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.

Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data. These inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted market prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible, as well as consider counterparty credit risk in the assessment of fair value.

We did not elect the fair value option, as allowed, to account for financial assets and liabilities that were not previously carried at fair value. Therefore, material financial assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value, such as trade accounts receivable and payable, are reported at their historical carrying values.

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The carrying values of our assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 approximate fair value because of our ability to immediately convert these instruments into cash with minimal expected change in value which are classified in the table below in one of the three categories of the fair value hierarchy described above (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
March 31, 2021
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	$	61,581	$	—	$	—	$	61,581
Marketable equity securities:
Mutual funds		33,143		—		—		33,143
Available-for-sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury notes		234,578		—		—		234,578
	$	329,302	$	—	$	—	$	329,302

	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
December 31, 2020
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	$	11,820	$	—	$	—	$	11,820
Marketable equity securities:
Mutual funds		33,135		—		—		33,135
Available-for-sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury notes		23,309		—		—		23,309
	$	68,264	$	—	$	—	$	68,264

Our equity securities and available-for-sale debt securities, including U.S. treasury notes and U.S. treasury bills are valued using inputs observable in active markets for identical securities and are therefore classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.

We did not have any financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021.

We carry the Senior Notes (see Note 9) at face value less the unamortized discount and issuance costs on our consolidated balance sheets and present fair value for disclosure purposes only. As of March 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of the Notes was $108.8 million and was determined using the net present value of the payments, discounted at an interest rate that is consistent with market and risk-adjusted interest rates, which is a Level 2 input.

Note 7. Inventory

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Raw materials	$	8,318	$	7,544
Work-in-process		307		227
Finished goods		2,919		2,764
	$	11,544	$	10,535

The inventory balance at December 31, 2020 includes an $0.8 million step up in inventory related to the acquisition of MVE.

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Note 8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The following table represents the changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

		March 31,
		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year		145,282		11,000
Foreign currency adjustment		(1,405)		—
Goodwill related to MVE acquisition		18		—
Goodwill related to CRYOPDP acquisition		(2,590)		—
Total	$	141,305	$	11,000

Intangible Assets

The following table presents our intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

							Weighted
					Net		Average
	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Amortization
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Period (years)
Non-compete agreement	$	390	$	143	$	247	3
Technology		34,438		2,576		31,862	11
Customer relationships		128,640		5,218		123,422	14
Cryogene trade name/trademark		480		59		421	13
CRYOPDP agent network		8,597		1,415		7,182	4
MVE order backlog		2,600		2,600		—	—
MVE land use rights		2,378		36		2,342	37
Patents and trademarks		44,360		569		43,791	—
Total	$	221,883	$	12,616	$	209,267

The following table presents our intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

							Weighted
					Net		Average
	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Amortization
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Period (years)
Non-compete agreement	$	390	$	123	$	267	3
Technology		34,245		1,630		32,615	11
Customer relationships		128,640		2,708		125,932	14
Cryogene trade name/trademark		480		51		429	13
CRYOPDP agent network		8,597		537		8,060	4
MVE order backlog		2,600		2,600		—	—
MVE land use rights		2,378		16		2,362	37
Patents and trademarks		44,312		69		44,243	—
Total	$	221,642	$	7,734	$	213,908

Amortization expense for intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, was $3.6 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

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Expected future amortization of intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 is as follows:

Years Ending March 31,	Amount
Remainder of 2021	$	10,722
2022		14,296
2023		14,296
2024		13,678
2025		12,064
Thereafter		100,051
	$	165,107

Note 9. Convertible Senior Notes

In May 2020, the Company issued $115.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.00% convertible senior notes due in 2025 (the "Senior Notes"), which includes the initial purchasers’ exercise in full of their option to purchase an additional $15.0 million principal amount of the Senior Notes, in a private placement exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933. The Senior Notes are governed by an indenture (the “Indenture”) dated May 26, 2020 between the Company, as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The Company received $111.3 million from the offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions of $3.7 million, and incurred approximately $0.3 million in third-party offering related costs. The Senior Notes bear cash interest at a rate of 3.00%, payable semi-annually on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2020 and will mature on June 1, 2025, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted in accordance with the terms of the Senior Notes. At March 31, 2021 accrued interest of $1.2 million is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.  The Notes comprise the Company’s senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with the Company’s existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Senior Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent the Company is not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of the Company’s subsidiaries.

At any time before the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, holders of the Senior Notes may convert their Senior Notes at their option into shares of the Company’s common stock. The Senior Notes are initially convertible into approximately 4,810,002 shares of the Company’s common stock based on the initial conversion rate of 41.8261 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Senior Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $23.91 per share of the Company’s common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price are subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. Also, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time and is determined by reference to a make-whole table set forth in the Indenture governing the Senior Notes. However, in no event will the conversion rate be increased to an amount that exceeds 48.10 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Senior Notes. In addition, the holders of the Senior Notes may require the Company to repurchase the Senior Notes at par value plus accrued and unpaid interest following the occurrence of a “Fundamental Change” (as described in the Indenture).

On or after June 5, 2023, we may redeem the Senior Notes at our option, in whole and not in part, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, if:

(1) The last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (i) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the Company send the related redemption notice; and (ii) the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends such notice; and

(2) A registration statement covering the resale of the shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon conversion of the Senior Notes is effective and available for use and is expected to remain effective and available during the redemption period as of the date the redemption notice is sent.

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The Senior Notes contain customary terms and events of default. If an event of default arising out of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency, or reorganization involving the Company or a significant subsidiary (as set forth in the Indenture) occurs with respect to the Company, the principal amount of the Senior Notes and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, will automatically become immediately due and payable. If any other event of default (as defined in the Indenture) occurs and is continuing, either the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Notes may declare the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be due and payable immediately by notice to the Company. There were no events of default at March 31, 2021.

The Senior Notes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (“ASC 470-20”) and ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”). Under ASC 815-40, to qualify for equity classification (or nonbifurcation, if embedded) the instrument (or embedded feature) must be both (1) indexed to the issuer’s stock and (2) meet the requirements of the equity classification guidance. Based upon the Company’s analysis, it was determined the Senior Notes do contain embedded features indexed to its own stock, but do not meet the requirements for bifurcation, and therefore do not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component. Since the embedded conversion feature meets the equity scope exception from derivative accounting, and also since the embedded conversion option does not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component under ASC 470-20, the proceeds received from the issuance of the convertible debt was recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet.

The Company incurred approximately $4.1 million of debt issuance costs relating to the issuance of the Senior Notes, which were recorded as a reduction to the Senior Notes on the consolidated balance sheet. The debt issuance costs are being amortized and recognized as additional interest expense over the expected life of the Senior Notes using the effective interest rate method. We determined the expected life of the debt is equal to the five-year term of the Senior Notes. The effective interest rate on the Senior Notes is 3.74%.

Senior Notes payable consisted of the following at March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2021
Principal amount of Senior Notes	$	115,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(3,464)
Net carrying value of Senior Notes payable	$	111,536

Interest expense incurred in connection with the Notes consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
Coupon interest	$	862
Amortization of debt issuance costs		192
Total interest expense on Senior Notes	$	1,054

The Company’s Senior Notes payable of $115.0 are due and payable in 2025.

In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) to use its best efforts to file a registration statement for the resale of the Senior Notes and the shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon conversion of the Senior Notes, to cause the registration statement to become effective by January 31, 2021, and to keep the registration statement continuously effective for a specified period of time. If the Company fails to satisfy certain of its obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement (a “Registration Default”), it will be required to pay additional interest on the Senior Notes. Such additional interest will accrue at a rate per annum equal to 0.25% of the principal amount thereof for the first 90 days beginning on, and including the date on which such Registration Default occurs and, thereafter, at a rate per annum equal to 0.50% of the principal amount thereof. However, in no event will such additional interest, together with any special interest that accrues pursuant to the Indenture accrue on any day on a Note at a combined rate per annum that exceeds 0.50%. Additionally, if a Registration Default exists on the maturity date for the Senior Notes, then, in addition to any additional interest otherwise payable, the Company will be required to make a cash payment to each noteholder in an amount equal to 3% of the principal amount of Senior Notes outstanding and held by such holder as of the close of business on the business day immediately before the maturity date. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has not accrued any fees or expenses associated with the Registration Rights Agreement as no Registration Default exists and, therefore, it is not probable that a payment would be required. In December 2020, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement to register the resale of the Senior Notes and the shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon conversion of the Senior Notes.

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Note 10. Note Payable

In connection with the acquisition of CRYOPDP, the Company assumed an interest free unsecured note payable of €4.0 million ($4.9 million) repayable in two installments of €0.5 million ($0.6 million) to be repaid in 2025 and €3.5 million ($4.3 million) to be repaid in 2028.  A fair market value discount of €1.1 million ($1.3 million) was recorded and is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the note.  During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company amortized €0.06 million ($0.07 million) of the debt discount to interest expense for this note.

Note 11. Leases

The Company has operating and finance leases for corporate offices and certain equipment. These leases have remaining lease terms of one year to approximately nine years, some of which include options to extend the leases for multiple renewal periods of five years each. Under the terms of the facilities leases, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of property taxes, insurance and normal maintenance costs. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, assets recorded under finance leases were $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and accumulated depreciation associated with finance leases was $0.1 million and $0.08 million, respectively.

The components of lease cost were as follows (in thousands):

	March 31,
	2021		2020
Operating lease cost	$	922	$	290
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets		15		6
Interest on finance lease liabilities		3		2
		18		8
Total lease cost	$	940	$	298

Other information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
Supplemental Cash Flows Information	March 31, 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	851
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	22
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	20
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities (in thousands):
Operating leases	$	2,781
Finance leases	$	—
Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases		6.3 years
Finance leases		2.7 years
Weighted-Average Discount Rate
Operating leases		5.4	%
Finance leases		5.3	%

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Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases that have commenced as of March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending March 31	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2021 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2021)	$	1,688	$	45
2022		2,730		58
2023		2,256		61
2024		2,049		—
2025		1,866		—
Thereafter		9,738		—
Total future minimum lease payments		20,327		164
Less imputed interest		(3,823)		(12)
Total	$	16,504	$	152

	Operating		Finance
Reported as of March 31, 2021	Leases		Leases
Current lease liabilities	$	2,002	$	60
Noncurrent lease liabilities		14,502		92
Total	$	16,504	$	152

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Facility and Equipment Leases

We lease various corporate, global logistics and supply chain centers, biostorage, manufacturing, and research and development facilities in Tennessee, California, New Jersey, the Netherlands, Texas, Georgia, Minnesota, China, Portugal and France under operating leases. These lease agreements contain certain scheduled annual rent increases which are accounted for on a straight-line basis.   In addition, we lease certain equipment which expires through July 2024 (See Note 11).

Employment Agreements

We have entered into employment agreements with certain of our officers under which payment and benefits would become payable in the event of termination by us for any reason other than cause, or upon a change in control of our Company, or by the employee for good reason.

Litigation

The Company may become a party to product litigation in the normal course of business. The Company accrues for open claims based on its historical experience and available insurance coverage. We record a loss contingency when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We also disclose material contingencies when we believe a loss is not probable but reasonably possible. Accounting for contingencies requires us to use judgment related to both the likelihood of a loss and the estimate of the amount or range of loss. The outcomes of our legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable, subject to significant uncertainties, and could be material to our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for a particular period.

Indemnities and Guarantees

The Company has made certain indemnities and guarantees, under which it may be required to make payments to a guaranteed or indemnified party, in relation to certain actions or transactions. The guarantees and indemnities do not provide for any limitation of the maximum potential future payments the Company could be obligated to make. Historically, the Company has not been obligated nor incurred any payments for these obligations and, therefore, no liabilities have been recorded for these indemnities and guarantees in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company indemnifies its directors, officers, employees and agents, as permitted under the laws of the States of California and Nevada. In connection with its facility and equipment leases, the Company has indemnified its lessors for certain claims arising from the use of the facilities and equipment. The duration of the guarantees and indemnities varies and is generally tied to the life of the agreements.

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Note 13. Stockholders’ Equity

Authorized Stock

The Company has 100,000,000 authorized shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share, and 2,500,000 undesignated or “blank check” preferred stock, with a par value of $0.001, of which, 800,000 shares have been designated as Class A Preferred Stock, 585,000 shares have been designated as Class B Preferred Stock and 250,000 shares have been designated as 4.0% Series C Convertible Preferred Stock.

Common Stock Issued for Services

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, 229 shares of common stock with a fair value of $11,500 were issued to one member of the board of directors as compensation for services.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, 1,269 shares of common stock with a fair value of $20,700 were issued to two members of the board of directors as compensation for services.

January 2021 Public Offering

On January 25, 2021, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 4,356,059 shares of its common stock. The shares were issued and sold pursuant to an underwriting agreement dated January 20, 2021, by and among the Company, on the one hand, and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Jefferies LLC, SVB Leerink LLC and UBS Securities LLC, as representatives of certain underwriters at a public offering price per share of $66.00, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions. The shares include 568,181 shares issued and sold pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock pursuant to the underwriting agreement. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $269.8 million from the offering after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company.

Blackstone Private Placement

In connection with the MVE Acquisition, on October 1, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed a private placement with an investment vehicle of funds affiliated with The Blackstone Group Inc. (collectively, “Blackstone”), consisting of (i) 250,000 shares of a newly designated 4.0% Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Series C Preferred Stock”), at a price of $1,000 per share, for $250.0 million, and (ii) 675,536 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”) for $25.0 million, for an aggregate purchase price of $275.0 million. The Company paid Blackstone $1.0 million as reimbursement for transactional expenses incurred in connection with the private placement at the Closing Date. Also, the Company incurred direct and incremental expenses of approximately $8.6 million, including financial advisory fees, closing costs, legal expenses and other offering-related expenses. The Company allocated the net proceeds of $265.4 million on a relative fair value basis to the Series C Preferred Stock and the Common Stock, resulting in allocated proceeds of $28.2 million and $237.2 million, respectively.

The Series C Preferred Stock ranks senior to the shares of the Company’s Common Stock, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the affairs of the Company (a “Liquidation”). The Series C Preferred Stock has the following rights, preferences and privileges:

Dividend Rights. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock (the “Holders”) are entitled to dividends at the rate of 4.0% per annum, paid-in-kind, accruing daily and paid quarterly in arrears when and if declared by the Board of Directors. The Holders are also entitled to participate in dividends declared or paid on the Common Stock on an as-converted basis. The Company and Holders do not have the option to pay dividends in kind, in cash, or in other form. Paid in-kind dividends for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020 were $2.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

Liquidation Preference. Upon a Liquidation, each share of Series C Preferred Stock is entitled to receive an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) $1,000 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends and (ii) the amount that the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock would have been entitled to receive at such time if the Series C Preferred Stock were converted into Common Stock (the ”Liquidation Preference”).

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Conversion Features. The Series C Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the Holders at any time into shares of Common Stock at a conversion price of $38.6152 per share and a conversion rate of 25.90 shares of Common Stock per share of Series C Preferred Stock. The maximum number of Common Stock that could be required to be issued if converted is 6,474,135 shares. The conversion price is subject to certain customary adjustments in the event of certain adjustments to the Company’s Common Stock, including stock dividends, splits, combinations, tender offers, and exchange offers.  

After the second anniversary of the Closing Date, subject to certain conditions, the Company may at its option require conversion of all of the outstanding shares of the Series C Preferred Stock to Common Stock if, for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the date the Company notifies the Holders of the election to convert, the closing price of the Common Stock is at least 150% of the conversion price.

On the October 1, 2020 issuance date, the effective conversion price per share was less than the fair value of the underlying Common Stock and, as a result, the Company determined that there was a beneficial conversion feature on that date. Accordingly, the Company recognized the resulting beneficial conversion feature amount of $39.5 million as a deemed dividend, equal to the number of common shares into which the Series C Preferred Stock is convertible multiplied by the difference between the fair value of the Common Stock and the effective conversion price per share on that date. Because the Series C Preferred Stock does not have a stated conversion date and was immediately convertible at the issuance date, the dividend is reflected as a one-time, non-cash, deemed dividend to the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock on the date of issuance.

Additionally, the Company determined that the nature of the Series C Preferred Stock is more akin to an equity instrument and that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded conversion options are clearly and closely related to the Series C Preferred Stock. As such, the conversion options were not required to be bifurcated from the host under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging.

Since the paid-in-kind dividends are nondiscretionary, the Company measures the beneficial conversion feature in the paid-in-kind dividend on the issuance date of the preferred stock and records such amount when the paid-in-kind dividend are accrued. Accordingly, the associated paid-in-kind dividends for the year ended December 31, 2020 generated a beneficial conversion feature amount of $0.3 million. On February 5, 2021, the Company received a waiver and conversion notice from Blackstone Freeze Parent L.P. and Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Fund – FD L.P. and converted an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock (see “—Blackstone Conversion” below for additional information).

Redemption Rights. The Company may redeem the Series C Preferred Stock for cash, as follows:

(1) At any time beginning five years after the Closing Date (but prior to six years after the Closing Date), all of the Series C Preferred Stock at a price equal to 105% of the purchase price paid plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

(ii) At any time beginning six years after the Closing Date, all of the Series C Preferred Stock at a price equal to 100% of the purchase price paid plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

Within 6 months of the Closing Date, the Company also had the right to redeem up to 50,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock at a price equal to 125% of the purchase price paid plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, which the Company waived (see “—Blackstone Conversion” below for additional information).

Upon a “Fundamental Change” (involving a change of control or de-listing of the Company as further described in the Certificate of Designation), each Holder has the right to require the Company to redeem all or any part of the Holder’s Series C Preferred Stock for an amount equal to the Liquidation Preference plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.  If the Company does not have sufficient funds legally available to pay the repurchase price, then the Company is required to (a) pay the maximum amount of the repurchase price that can be paid out of funds legally available for payment, and (b) purchase any shares of the Series C Preferred Stock not purchased because of the foregoing limitations at the repurchase price as soon as practicable after the Company is able to make such purchase out of assets legally available for the purchase of such shares. If the Company fails to pay the repurchase price in full when due, then the Company will pay dividends on such shares not repurchased at a rate of 5.5% per annum until such shares are repurchased, payable quarterly in arrears.

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The Company evaluated the Series C Preferred Stock for liability or equity classification under the applicable accounting guidance including ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and determined that equity treatment was appropriate because the Series C Preferred Stock did not meet the definition of the liability instruments defined thereunder for convertible instruments. Specifically, the convertible preferred shares are not mandatorily redeemable and do not embody an obligation to buy back the shares outside of the Company’s control in a manner that could require the transfer of assets. Additionally, the Company determined that the Series C Preferred Stock would be recorded as permanent equity given that they are not redeemable for cash or other assets (i) on a fixed or determinable date, (ii) at the option of the holder, or (iii) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within control of the Company.

The Company also evaluated the embedded put and call options within the Series C Preferred Stock in accordance with the accounting guidance for derivatives to determine if bifurcation is required.  The Company determined that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded put and call options are not clearly and closely related to the Series C Preferred Stock. Therefore, the Company assessed the put and call options further and determined they did not meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815.

Under the same analysis, the Company determined that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded participating dividend feature are considered clearly and closely related to the equity host. Accordingly, the participating dividend feature is not required to be bifurcated under ASC 815. Also, the Company determined that the value of the contingent dividend feature is minimal and insignificant relative to the other components of the Series C Preferred Stock due to the circumstances surrounding the scenarios under which the provision would be triggered.

Voting Rights. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock are generally entitled to vote with the holders of the shares of Common Stock on an as-converted basis, subject to certain Nasdaq voting limitations, if applicable. Also, the consent of the Holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Series C Preferred Stock is required with respect to (i) amendments to the Company’s organizational documents that have an adverse effect on the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock, and (ii) issuances by the Company of securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series C Preferred Stock. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock have the right to nominate for election one member to the board of directors of the Company for so long as they hold 66.67% of the Series C Preferred Stock issued to them at the Closing Date.

Registration Rights. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock have certain customary registration rights with respect to the Series C Preferred Stock and the shares of common stock into which they are converted, pursuant to the terms of a registration rights agreement. The Company is required to file within 90 days of the Closing Date, and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause to go effective as promptly as practicable, a registration statement covering the sale or distribution of Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock.   In December 2020, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement to register the resale of the Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock.

Blackstone Conversion

On February 5, 2021, the Company received a waiver and conversion notice from Blackstone Freeze Parent L.P. and Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Fund – FD L.P. to convert an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company’s Series C Preferred Stock. Pursuant to the terms of the waiver and conversion notice, the Company also agreed to waive its right under the certificate of designations of the Series C Preferred Stock to redeem up to 50,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock prior to the 180-day anniversary of October 1, 2020, the issue date of the Series C Preferred Stock. Each share of Series C Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends and is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a conversion price of $38.6152 per share. The forgoing conversion, effective as of February 5, 2021, resulted in the issuance of an aggregate of 1,312,860 shares of Common Stock and $1.8 million in expenses.

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Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance

As of March 31, 2021, approximately 18.2 million shares of common stock were issuable upon conversion or exercise of rights granted under prior financing arrangements, stock options, RSU’s and the conversion of senior notes and series C Preferred stock, as follows:

Exercise of stock options	7,793,769
Vesting of restricted stock units	304,157
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock	5,283,411
Conversion of convertible senior notes	4,810,002
Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuances	18,191,339

Note 14. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options

We have five stock incentive plans: the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan”), the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”), the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”), the 2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”), and the 2018 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), (collectively, the “Plans”). The 2002 Plan, the 2009 Plan, the 2011 Plan and the 2015 Plan (the “Prior Plans”) have been superseded by the 2018 Plan. In May 2018, the stockholders approved the 2018 Plan for issuances up to an aggregate of 3,730,179 shares. The Prior Plans will remain in effect until all awards granted under such Prior Plans have been exercised, forfeited, cancelled, or have otherwise expired or terminated in accordance with the terms of such awards, but no awards will be made pursuant to the Prior Plans after the effectiveness of the 2018 Plan. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had 190,181 shares available for future awards under the 2018 Plan.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we granted stock options at exercise prices equal to the quoted market price of our common stock on the grant date. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using Black-Scholes with the following weighted average assumptions:

Expected life (years)	3.5 – 6.1
Risk-free interest rate	0.5% - 0.9	%
Volatility	64.4% - 80.8	%
Dividend yield	0	%

The expected option life assumption is estimated based on the simplified method. Accordingly, the Company has utilized the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted average vesting period for all options to calculate the expected option term. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of our employee stock options. The expected volatility is based on the average of the historical volatility and the implied volatility of our stock commensurate with the expected life of the stock-based award. We do not anticipate paying dividends on the common stock in the foreseeable future.

We recognize stock-based compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that ultimately vest.

Total stock-based compensation expense related to all of our share-based payment awards is comprised of the following:

	Three months ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Cost of revenues	$	239	$	69
Selling, general and administrative		2,505		1,443
Engineering and development		246		108
	$	2,990	$	1,620

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A summary of stock option activity is as follows:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Shares	Price/Share		Term (Years)	Value (1)
Outstanding — December 31, 2020	7,554,305	$	10.29
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $32.66 per share)	435,298		55.74
Exercised	(187,486)		8.46
Forfeited	(8,348)		16.48
Outstanding — March 31, 2021	7,793,769	$	12.86	6.4	$	306,822
Vested (exercisable) — March 31, 2021	5,904,443	$	7.76	5.8	$	261,287
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable)	1,889,326	$	28.82	7.9	$	40,001

(1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing market price of our common stock on March 31, 2021, which was $52.01 per share.

Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $9.4 million.

As of March 31, 2021, there was unrecognized compensation expense of $32.5 million related to unvested stock options, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 3.4 years.

Restricted stock units

A summary of our restricted stock unit activity is as follows:

		Weighted Average
	Number of Restricted	Fair Value per
	Stock Units	Share
Outstanding – December 31, 2020	—	$	—
Granted	304,157		53.94
Share issuance	—		—
Outstanding March 31, 2021	304,157	$	53.94

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we recorded stock-based compensation expense on our issued restricted stock units of $0.3 million and $0, respectively.  As of March 31, 2021 there was unrecognized compensation expense of $16.1 million related to unvested restricted stock units, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 4.0 years.

Note 15. Subsequent Event

Effective April 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Critical Transport Solutions Australia Pty Ltd. (“CTSA”) a market leader in providing premium healthcare logistics management services, specializing in time and temperature critical solutions for the medical and pharmaceutical industries based in Australia, for approximately $5.0 million.

The agreement includes an earnout provision which is (a) subject to and dependent on the Company achieving a 2024 EBITDA, as defined; and (b) is subject to certain employment requirements through December 31, 2024.  CTSA will be a part of the Company’s CRYOPDP business unit and will continue to be run by the current management team.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”), the terms “Cryoport,” “Company” and similar terms refer to Cryoport, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context suggest otherwise.

SAFE HARBOR FOR FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS:

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements that have been made pursuant to the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and concern matters that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” or similar words which are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words.  Reference is made in particular to forward-looking statements regarding our expectations about future business plans, new products or services, regulatory approvals, strategies, development timelines, prospective financial performance and opportunities, including potential acquisitions, expectations about future benefits of our acquisitions, including Cryogene Partners, CRYOPDP and MVE Biological Solutions, our ability to successfully integrate those businesses and our plans related thereto; liquidity and capital resources; projected trends in the market in which we operate; anticipated impacts from the coronavirus strain COVID-19 (“COVID-19”) on us, including to our business operations, results of operations, cash flows, and financial position, and our future responses to the COVID-19 pandemic; our expectations about securing and maintaining strategic relationships with global couriers or large clinical research organizations; our future capital needs and ability to raise capital on favorable terms or at all; results of our research and development efforts; and approval of our patent applications.  

Although we believe that our opinions and expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date of this Quarterly Report, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and our actual results may differ substantially from the views and expectations set forth in this Quarterly Report. You should be aware that these statements are projections or estimates as to future events and are subject to a number of factors that may tend to influence the accuracy of the statements. These forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that the events or plans of the Company will be achieved. You should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We undertake no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events after the date of this Quarterly Report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should, however, review the factors and risks we describe in the reports we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), including those contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, as filed with the SEC on March 1, 2021, and those reports filed after the date of this Quarterly Report. Actual results may differ materially from any forward looking statement.

The following management’s discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021 (unaudited) and the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 (audited) and the related unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, and stockholders equity for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 and the related notes thereto (see Item 1. Financial Statements), as well as the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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Overview

We are redefining the temperature-controlled supply chain for the life sciences industry by providing a unique and evolving platform of critical products and solutions including advanced packaging, informatics, specialty logistics services, biostorage services, and cryogenic life sciences equipment. With over 650 employees spread across 30 locations worldwide, we are engaged in providing global solutions to the biopharma/pharma, animal health, and reproductive medicine markets. Our primary focus is on addressing the critical temperature-controlled supply chain needs within the biopharmaceutical space with an emphasis on serving the rapidly growing cell and gene therapy, or C&GT market.

Our Strategy

We are focused on establishing best-in-class, comprehensive temperature-controlled supply chain solutions that support the expanding global landscape of the life sciences industry. We believe our growth strategy aligns with the growth of the markets we serve and our customers within them. In particular, we have identified the C&GT market as a high growth market, with unmet supply chain needs that we believe can benefit significantly from our solutions. The global C&GT market was valued at approximately $4.2 billion in 2019 and is projected to grow to over $33.1 billion by 2024.

Over the last several years, we have grown to become a leader in supporting C&GT clinical trials globally. As of the end of the first quarter of 2021, we supported 543 clinical trials and seven commercial therapies, including KYMRIAH by Novartis, YESCARTA and TECARTUS by Gilead/Kite, and BREYANZI by Bristol-Myers Squibb. In addition, two additional Cryoport supported therapies filed for commercial approval with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, or the European Medicines Agency, or EMA in 2020 and could be approved in 2021. Based on publicly disclosed information, industry data, and internal forecasts, we estimate that up to 21 additional Cryoport supported C&GTs, currently in clinical trials, may file for regulatory approval during the course of 2021. Commercial approvals of these therapies provide an opportunity to become significant revenue drivers for us in the future as each of them requires comprehensive temperature-controlled supply chain support and services at commercial scale, and we expect that many will select us as their critical supply chain solution as a result of our work in connection with their respective clinical trials.

We intend to build on our recent history of developing market-leading, temperature-controlled supply chain solutions and delivering strong growth through the following strategies:

● Superior service to our clients. We strive to provide our clients with best-in-class solutions to help manage some of the most critical aspects of their evolving businesses with advanced temperature-controlled supply chain solutions tailored to their specific requirements.

● Continuous innovation. We plan to capitalize on our internal technological expertise to develop products and solutions that address unmet needs in the global supply chain of the C&GT market and the other life sciences markets we serve. We plan to strengthen our existing products and solutions with complementary products, solutions and innovative technologies that are designed to provide our customers with tailored solutions to manage the critical aspects of the supply chain effectively and efficiently.

● Geographical expansion. We intend to expand our global commercial presence by continuing to broaden our capabilities within our existing network and selectively build out new global supply chain centers, manufacturing facilities, and infrastructure in support of known and anticipated growth in demand for our solutions and equipment.

● Strategic logistics alliances and collaborations. We have been successful in establishing strategic alliances around the world as a means for our current and prospective client base to utilize our solutions. We have focused our efforts on market leading companies in the logistics services industry as well as participants in the life sciences industry. These strategies drive integration of our solutions into our alliance partners’ services. We currently support the three largest integrators in the world: FedEx, DHL and UPS, with advanced cryogenic logistics solutions for the life sciences industry. Our Compliance Unified Ecosystem(TM) includes alliance partners such as McKesson Specialty Health, a division of McKesson Corporation, Be The Match BioTherapies, Brooks Life Sciences, EVERSANA, Lonza, Medipal and Vineti. The overarching goal of these partnerships is to provide fully integrated solutions including, but not limited to, process optimization that reduces risk, increases transparency, and improves certainty.

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● Targeted acquisitions. We intend to continue to selectively pursue acquisitions that may include innovative technologies and solutions and/or geographic competencies and capabilities to ensure we further enhance and broaden our market leadership and enable our clients to successfully bring products and life-saving therapies to market.

● Setting industry standards. Our supply chain solutions are designed to support our clients’ initiatives through early-stage studies, clinical trials, and their global commercialization. We believe our ‘first mover’ advantage and the experience we have gained in supporting the C&GT market have positioned us as a market leader in the space with a strong platform of comprehensive solutions, products and service that have been adopted by many leading life sciences companies. A key strategy for further accelerating market adoption of our enabling solutions is to maintain and extend our position as the industry leader in the markets we serve. We believe this approach can further strengthen our market position, expand the breadth of services our clients utilize, increase our competitive advantage and contribute to our long-term growth.

Our Solutions

We use our competencies and capabilities to develop comprehensive and reliable, technology-centric solutions that address the specific needs of our customers. Our platform of temperature-controlled supply chain solutions, products and service includes cold-chain and cryogenic life sciences equipment, advanced packaging, informatics, specialty logistics services, biostorage services, kitting, labeling, fulfillment and consulting. These solutions, products and services are utilized for temperature-controlled supply chain services in the life sciences industry for personalized medicine, cell therapies, stem cells, cell lines, vaccines, diagnostic materials, semen, eggs, embryos, cord blood, bio-pharmaceuticals, infectious substances, and other commodities that require continuous exposure to certain and specific ranges of precision-controlled temperatures and environments.

Our Cryoport solutions are comprised primarily of a sophisticated, cloud-based, logistics management platform, which is branded as the Cryoportal Logistics Management Platform^®, or the Cryoportal, Cryoport Express^® Shippers and the SmartPak Condition Monitoring System^®, or the SmartPak^®. The Cryoportal^® supports the management of shipments through a single interface, which includes order entry, document preparation, customs documentation, courier management, near real-time shipment tracking and monitoring, issue resolution, and regulatory compliance requirements. In addition, it provides unique and incisive information dashboards and validation documentation for every shipment through data collected by the SmartPak^®. The Cryoportal^® can record and retain a fully documented history of all Cryoport Express^® Shippers, including chain-of-custody, chain-of-condition, chain-of-identity, and Chain of Compliance^® information for each shipment, which is used to ensure that the stability of shipped biologic commodities are maintained throughout the shipping cycle. At the client’s option, recorded information is archived, allowing the client to meet exacting requirements necessary for scientific work and/or proof of regulatory compliance during the logistics process.

During 2018 we introduced our Chain of Compliance^® solution, as a new industry standard within the C&GT market. Our Chain of Compliance^® goes beyond chain of condition, chain of custody and chain of identity by providing traceability of the equipment, equipment components and processes supporting each client or patient therapy. The Chain of Compliance enables us to recall any single or every transport that an individual Cryoport Express Shipper has taken, the client(s) it supported, the commodity transported, its performance during transit, and each step that we perform before the shipper is put back into service. This includes Cryoport Express Shipper performance and requalification history, commodity history, courier handling and performance history, calibration history, and correlation competencies that can link in field events to equipment performance. Many of these standards have now been incorporated in the recently released ISO-21973 standard and we believe they are likely to become regulatory requirements in the near future.

In September 2019, the Cryoport Express Advanced Therapy Shipper™ was launched to address specific needs of biopharma companies developing and commercializing C&GTs. The Cryoport Express Advanced Therapy Shippers provide verification processes to ensure that it has only been used for human-based therapies and materials and employ advanced validated cleaning methods to minimize the risk of cross-contamination of equipment and materials during use, delivery, and distribution of biopharmaceutical materials.

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We further extended our solutions, capabilities, and global logistics network through the following recent acquisitions:

In October 2020, we further expanded our capabilities by acquiring CRYOPDP, a leading global provider of innovative temperature-controlled logistics solutions for high value, time critical and temperature-sensitive pharmaceuticals. CRYOPDP covers a significant portion of the healthcare temperature-controlled supply chain including packaging, pick-pack kit preparation, premium services and specialty biopharma/pharma courier support. This acquisition increased our global presence to a network of 27 global supply chain centers in 13 countries. This expanded network gives us a new advantage when serving global multi-national customers and also provides redundancies and backup that reduce supply chain risk for our customers. CRYOPDP has also developed a cloud-based logistics platform branded as UnITy™, which we plan to integrate with our Cryoportal Logistics Management Platform. UnITy™, provides functionalities such as a Transport Management System, Warehousing Management System, Quality Management System, a Customer Experience portal, mobile apps for track and trace during transport and storage as well as integration with transportation agents and business partners.

Also in October 2020, we made a second acquisition, acquiring MVE Biological Solutions from Chart Industries, Inc. MVE Biological Solutions, or MVE, provides cryobiological storage and transportation solutions for the life sciences industry through its advanced line of cryogenic stainless-steel freezers, aluminum dewars and related ancillary equipment used in the storage and transport of life sciences commodities, which includes the rapidly growing C&GT business. With three primary facilities, located in Ball Ground, Georgia, New Prague, Minnesota and Cheng-du, China, MVE Biological Solutions is a leader in serving the life sciences industry throughout the world. The acquisition is a vertical integration that, in addition to expanding our footprint to handle the growing demand driven by the growth in the C&GT market, helps to secure our supply of cryogenic shippers and biostorage equipment. MVE strengthens Cryoport’s presence in its Animal Health, Reproductive and Biopharma/Pharma markets.  Its cryobiological storage and transport clients include cell and gene therapy, medical laboratories, biotech/pharmaceutical research facilities, blood and tissue banks, breeders, veterinary laboratories, large-scale bio-repositories, and fertility clinics. The addition of MVE Biological Solutions allows us to capture a greater share of the global spend on supply chain products and services that supports C&GT.

In May 2019, we expanded our capabilities by acquiring Cryogene Partners, a Texas general partnership doing business as Cryogene Labs, or Cryogene. Cryogene is an expanding state-of-the-art temperature-controlled biostorage solutions business strategically located in Houston, Texas. Cryogene is an industry leader in the management of pre-clinical services which include critical biological commodities to support clinical research, the advancement of C&GTs, GMP biologics, and public health research. It provides customized, end-to-end chain of custody/chain of condition solutions for its clients.

As demonstrated by our organic growth and acquisitions, we are continually focused on establishing comprehensive temperature-controlled supply chain solutions to support the rapidly expanding global landscape of the life sciences industry.

The Markets We Serve

Biopharma/Pharma.   In the biopharma/pharma market we are focused on supporting the saving of lives. From clinical research and development to clinical research organizations to clinical trials for C&GTs to the storage and delivery of life-saving C&GTs to the customers of biopharmaceutical and biotechnology organizations to crucial points of care, we strive to address fundamental-to-advanced temperature-controlled storage, transport, packaging, fulfillment, and information challenges. In particular, C&GTs have become a rapidly growing area of biological drug development, with over 1,200 global clinical trials underway in 2021. This therapeutic approach has certain supply chain challenges that we believe our solutions are tailored to address.

Animal Health. In the animal health market we provide support for animal reproduction, which primarily involves the production of protein for sustaining life. We also support the health of recreational and companion animals. Animal disease prevention and control rely on the safe transport and storage of vaccines and other biological materials around the world. Our temperature-controlled supply chain solutions are designed to help avoid costly delays through nonstop monitoring and complete fleet management from and to the origin and destination points as well as provide cryobiological storage equipment.

Reproductive Medicine. In the reproductive medicine market we are focused on the support of the creation of human life by supporting In Vitro Fertilization, or IVF, and related technologies along with clinical networks globally. Through our CryoStork services, we transport reproductive materials through dedicated medical transport services to help ensure that IVF materials are on the next flight out to their destination. IVF materials also receive one-on-one handling and individualized attention during the entire logistics process. In addition, we also provide cryobiological storage equipment to fertility clinics around the world.

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Impact of COVID-19

In late 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China, which has since spread globally. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic.  Further, the COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in government authorities around the world implementing numerous measures to try to reduce the impact of COVID-19, such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter in place or total lock-down orders. Many countries around the world have also implemented the temporary closure of non-essential businesses and other material limitations on the conduct of business. As a provider of life saving therapies, Cryoport is deemed to be an essential business and has remained fully open and operational.  However, the full extent and duration of this pandemic is still unknown at this point and the related governmental, business and travel restrictions in order to contain this virus are continuing to evolve globally. Accordingly, there is significant uncertainty related to the ultimate impact that this global pandemic will have on the results of our operations.

For example, several life sciences companies, including some of our clients, announced during 2020 the temporary suspension of clinical studies and trials as well as other COVID-19 related risks that may impact their preclinical and clinical trials, including delays in patient enrollment or difficulties in initiating or expanding clinical trials, interruption of clinical trial activity, and diversion of healthcare resources to focus on COVID-19 activities. While these temporary suspensions and restrictions have been lifted, these may be reinstated, and other measures may be implemented. In addition, with respect to the impact of the pandemic on the reproductive medicine market, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) both issued recommendations in March of 2020 to temporarily defer fertility treatments and related activities. Both organizations have since updated and reaffirmed their recommendation to resume activities. While these actions have negatively impacted our revenue in the markets we serve temporarily, we cannot determine the longer-term impact at this point. A number of public announcements by government and clients indicate a regional or partially reinstating of COVID-19 related restrictions and while we have experienced revenue ramping back up gradually over time, this may be curtailed by new restrictions. Further, virus containment efforts as a result of governmental actions or policies or other initiatives could lead to further disruption in the supply chain and as a result, we may have difficulties sourcing raw materials and equipment or may incur additional direct costs to provide our solutions.

While longer-term client demand for our services overall remains strong, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the measures above taken by some of our clients have adversely impacted our revenue growth.  We continue to monitor the evolving situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and we may take further actions required by governmental authorities or that we determine are prudent to support the well-being of our employees, customers, suppliers, business partners and others. The degree to which COVID-19 impacts our business operations, financial performance and results of operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain, continuously evolving and cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to, the duration and spread of the COVID-19 outbreak, its severity, the actions to contain the virus or treat its impact,  such as the efficacy of vaccines (particularly with respect to emerging strains of the virus), and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume.   See “Risk Factors—Risk Related to Our Business—The recent global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has already and may continue to adversely affect our business operations, financial performance and results of operations, the extent of which is uncertain and difficult to predict” and our other risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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Results of Operations

Three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to three months ended March 31, 2020:

The following table summarizes certain information derived from our condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change
	($ in 000’s)
Service revenues	$	26,765	$	9,774	$	16,991	173.8	%
Product revenues		26,519		—		26,519	100	%
Total revenues		53,284		9,774		43,510	445.2	%
Cost of service revenues		(15,552)		(4,516)		(11,036)	244.4	%
Cost of product revenues		(13,182)		—		(13,182)	100	%
Total cost of revenues		28,734		4,516		24,218	536.3	%
Gross margin		24,550		5,258		19,292	366.9	%
Selling, general and administrative		(21,388)		(7,111)		(14,277)	200.7	%
Engineering and development		(4,304)		(1,733)		(2,571)	148.4	%
Investment income		398		307		91	29.8	%
Interest expense		(1,210)		(2)		(1,208)	49,265	%
Other expense, net		(535)		(628)		93	(14.8)	%
Provision for income taxes		(1,038)		(33)		(1,005)	3,045	%
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)	$	415	(10.5)	%
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock		(2,196)		—		(2,196)	100	%
Net loss attributatble to common stockholders	$	(5,723)	$	(3,942)	$	(1,781)	45.2	%

Total revenues by market (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020		$ Change		% Change
Biopharma/Pharma	$	42,393	$	8,786	$	33,607	382.5	%
Animal health		8,997		225		8,772	3893.1	%
Reproductive medicine		1,894		763		1,131	148.4	%
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774	$	43,510	445.2	%

Revenues. Revenues increased by $43.5 million, or 445.2%, from $9.8 million to $53.3 million for three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was primarily driven by revenue from the acquisition of MVE biological Solutions and CRYOPDP on October 1, 2020, which contributed $26.5 million and $13.5 million, respectively, and the increase in organic revenue by $3.5 million, or 35.3%, to $13.2 million for three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020, primarily driven by increased activity from our biopharmaceutical customers. During the first quarter of 2021 we experienced an increase in the number of customers utilizing our services and the number of clinical trials we support.

Service revenues increased by $17.0 million, or 173.8%, from $9.8 million to $26.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was driven by the acquisition of CRYOPDP on October 1, 2020, which contributed $13.5 million in revenue from temperature-controlled specialty courier and supply chain services, including packaging, pick-pack kit preparation, the continuing ramp of revenue from our Cryoport Express^® solutions, which increased by $3.3 million, or 38%, and revenue from our biostorage services, which increased by $0.2 million, or 14%.

Product revenues were $26.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily a result of the acquisition of MVE Biological Solutions on October 1, 2020, representing revenue from our portfolio of cryogenic stainless-steel freezers, aluminum dewars and related ancillary equipment used in the storage and transport of life sciences commodities, which includes the rapidly growing Cell and Gene Therapy market through a global network of distributors and direct client relationships.

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Revenues by market

Revenue from the biopharma/pharma market increased $33.6 million, or 382.5%, from $8.8 million to $42.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was driven by revenue from the acquisition of MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP on October 1, 2020, which contributed $17.3 million and $13.5 million, respectively, and the increase in organic revenue by $2.8 million, or 32.1%, to $11.6 million driven by revenue growth from the support of clinical trials. We now support 543 clinical trials, of which 429 are in the Americas, 86 are in EMEA and 28 are in APAC, compared to 465 clinical trials supported as of March 31, 2020 (384 in the Americas, 65 in EMEA and 16 APAC). The number of Phase III clinical trials supported increased to 69 trials as of March 31, 2021, of which 49 are in the Americas, 19 are in EMEA, and 1 is in APAC. This compares to 62 Phase III trials (45 in the Americas, 16 in EMEA and 1 APAC) supported as of March 31, 2020. The activity in the clinical trial space, particularly in the Cell and Gene Therapy market is expected to drive future revenue growth as these clinical trials advance and resulting therapies are commercialized on a global basis.

Our revenue from the animal health market increased $8.8 million, or 3,893.1%, from $0.2 million to $9.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was primarily driven by the acquisition of MVE Biological Solutions on October 1, 2020.

Revenues in the reproductive medicine market increased $1.1 million, or 148.4%, from 0.8 million to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020. This increase was driven by an increase in organic revenue of $0.6 million, or 76.9%, to $1.4 million, demonstrating the continued success of our CryoStork^®-branded offering, and revenue of $0.5 million contributed by MVE Biological Solutions during the first quarter of 2021.

Gross margin and cost of revenues. Gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2021 was 46.1% of total revenues, as compared to 53.8% of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The decrease in gross margin was primarily a result of the margin profiles and related margin contributions from the acquisitions of MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP. Cost of total revenues increased $24.2 million to $28.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to $4.5 million in the same period in 2020. The increase in cost of total revenues is commensurate with the increase in business volume and the addition of cost of revenue from the acquisitions of MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP in October 2020.

Gross margin for our service revenues was 41.9% of service revenues, as compared to 53.8% of service revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020. This decrease was a result of the lower margin contribution from the acquisition of CRYOPDP in October 2020. Our cost of revenues is primarily comprised of freight charges, payroll and associated expenses related to our global logistics and supply chain centers, depreciation expenses of our Cryoport Express^® Shippers and supplies and consumables used for our solutions.

Gross margin for our product revenues was 50.3% of product revenues. Product revenues, related cost of revenues and resulting gross margins were primarily a result of the acquisition of MVE Biological Solutions. Our cost of product revenues were primarily comprised of materials, direct and indirect labor, inbound freight charges, purchasing and receiving, inspection, and distribution and warehousing of inventory. In addition, shop supplies, facility maintenance costs and depreciation expense for assets used in the manufacturing process were included in cost of product revenues.

Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses include the costs associated with selling our products and services and costs required to support our marketing efforts including legal, accounting, patent, shareholder services, amortization of intangible assets and other administrative functions.

For the first quarter of 2021, SG&A expenses increased by $14.3 million, or 200.7% as compared to the first quarter of 2020. This increase is primarily due to the addition of $9.5 million of SG&A expenses from the acquisition of MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP in October 2020, as well as the continued expansion of our infrastructure to support the acquisitions and expected future growth. Wages and associated employee costs increased $5.6 million from $3.4 million in 2020 to $9.1 million in 2021.  Intangible asset amortization expense is included in SG&A and consists of charges related to the amortization of intangible assets associated with the acquisitions of CRYOPDP and MVE Biological Solutions in 2020 and Cryogene in 2019, in which we acquired definite-lived intangible assets.  Intangible asset amortization expense increased by $3.5 million, from $0.1 million in 2020, to $3.6 million in 2021. Facility and other overhead intercompany allocations increased $1.6 million, public company related expenses (including legal, audit and internal control audit fees) increased by $1.2 million and stock compensation expense increased by $1.2 million compared to the same period in 2020.

39

Engineering and development expenses. Engineering and development expenses increased $2.6 million, or 148.4%, for three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the same period in 2020. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $1.4 million in consulting, prototype and development costs directed at further enhancing our logistics and supply chain solutions and $0.9 million in wages and associated employee costs to add software development and engineering resources. We continually strive to improve and expand the features of our Cryoport Express^® Solutions and portfolio of services and suite of temperature-controlled products. Our primary developments are directed towards facilitating the safe, reliable and efficient transport and storage of life science commodities through innovative and technology-based solutions. This includes significantly enhancing our Cryoportal^® Logistics Management Platform and related technology solutions as well as developments to expand our Cryoport Express^® Shipper fleet, such as the Cryosphere^TM shipper, a cryogenic dry-vapor shipper utilizing patent pending technology that passively stabilizes the payload through an internal gravitational sphere, thereby further mitigating transport risks. In addition, engineering and development efforts are also focused on MVE Biological Solutions’ portfolio of advanced cryogenic stainless-steel freezers, aluminum dewars and related ancillary equipment used in the storage and transport of life sciences commodities. We supplement our internal engineering and development resources with subject matter experts and consultants to enhance our capabilities and shorten development cycles.

Investment Income. Investment income increased by $0.1 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the prior year as a result of higher average invested cash balances offset by lower interest rates on such invested cash balances.

Interest expense.  Interest expense increased $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020 due to interest on the convertible senior notes.

Other expense, net.  The increase in other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2021is primarily due to realized and unrealized gains and losses on short-term investments and foreign currency fluctuations.  

Provision for income taxes.  The provision for income taxes increased $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020.  This increase represents taxes on both U.S. and foreign earnings at a combined effective income tax rate of negative 41.7% and 0.8%, respectively.  The negative effective tax rate of 41.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to changes in the valuation allowance that we maintain against our deferred tax assets, income earned by certain foreign subsidiaries being taxed at higher rates than the U.S. federal statuary rate, and excess tax benefits associated with share-based compensation. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 varied significantly from the effective tax rate from the prior year primarily due to our acquisitions of MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP during the fourth quarter of 2020, which include international operations.

Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock. The paid-in-kind dividend of $2.2 million relates to the private placement of Series C Preferred Stock with Blackstone.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We provide adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure to GAAP measures regarding our operating performance. This financial measure excludes the impact of certain acquisition related items and other expenses and, therefore, has not been calculated in accordance with GAAP. A detailed explanation and a reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to its most comparable GAAP financial measure is described below.

We include this financial information because we believe this measure provides a more accurate comparison of our financial results between periods and more accurately reflects how management reviews its financial results. We excluded the impact of certain acquisition related items because we believe that the resulting charges do not accurately reflect the performance of our ongoing operations for the period in which such charges are incurred.

40

Cryoport, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation

(Unaudited, in thousands)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020
GAAP net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Non-GAAP adjustments to net loss:
Depreciation and amortization expense		4,837		824
Acquisition and integration costs		828		—
Investment income		(398)		(307)
Interest expense, net		1,210		2
Stock-based compensation expense		2,990		1,620
Income taxes		1,038		33
Adjusted EBITDA	$	6,978	$	(1,770)

Adjusted EBITDA is measured by taking net income/loss as reported in accordance with GAAP, excluding depreciation and intangible amortization expenses, acquisition and integration costs, stock-based compensation expense, investment income, interest expense and income taxes included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $85.5 million, $267.7 million in short-term investments and had working capital of $381.9 million. Historically, we have financed our operations primarily through sales of equity securities and debt instruments.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, we used $6.0 million of cash for operations primarily as a result of the net loss of $3.5 million offset by non-cash expenses of $8.5 million comprised of $4.8 million of depreciation and amortization, $3.0 million of stock-based compensation, $0.3 million of unrealized losses on our equity securities as well as $0.3 million of amortization of debt discount. Also contributing to the cash impact of our net operating loss, excluding non-cash items, was an increase in prepaids and other current assets of $6.5 million primarily due to a receivable from Chart Industries resulting from the transition services agreement, an increase in accounts receivable of $5.2 million, an increase in inventory of $1.0 million, an increase in accrued compensation of $0.8 million and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $0.5 million.  

Net cash used in investing activities of $215.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily due to the  $215.3 million purchase of short-term investments, and $3.0 million for the capitalization of software development costs for our Cryoportal^® Logistics Management Platform, and additional purchases of Cryoport Express^® Shippers, Smart Pak II^TM Condition Monitoring Systems, freezers and computer equipment, partially offset by the maturity of short-term investments of $3.0 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $271.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021, primarily as a result of $269.8 million in net proceeds from our February 2021 public offering of common stock and $1.6 million proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants.

The Company’s management believes that, based on its current plans and assumptions, the current cash and cash equivalents on hand, short-term investments, together with projected cash flows, will satisfy our operational and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. The Company’s management recognizes that the Company may need to obtain additional capital to fund its operations and potential acquisitions until sustained profitable operations are achieved. Additional funding plans may include obtaining additional capital through equity and/or debt funding sources. No assurance can be given that additional capital, if needed, will be available when required or upon terms acceptable to the Company.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk for the effect of interest rate changes, foreign currency fluctuations, and changes in the market values of our investments.

41

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio and our long-term debt. Our long-term debt is carried at amortized cost and fluctuations in interest rates do not impact our consolidated financial statements. However, the fair value of our debt, which pays interest at a fixed rate, will generally fluctuate with movements of interest rates, increasing when interest rates are declining and declining when interest rates are increasing. We invest our excess cash in high investment grade money market funds and investment grade short to intermediate-term fixed income securities. Fixed income securities may have their fair market value adversely affected due to a rise in interest rates, and we may suffer losses if forced to sell securities that have declined in market value due to changes in interest rates. As of March 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of the Senior Notes was $108.8 million. For additional information about the Senior Notes, see Notes 6 and 9 to the consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Foreign Exchange Risk

We operate in the United States and other foreign countries, which creates exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations. Net sales and related expenses generated from our international business are primarily denominated in the functional currencies of the corresponding subsidiaries and primarily include Euros, British Pounds, Chinese Yuan, and Indian Rupee.

We have foreign exchange risk related to foreign-denominated cash and cash equivalents. Based on the balance of as of March 31, 2021, of $15.3 million, an assumed 5%, 10%, and 20% adverse change to foreign exchange would result in declines of $0.8 million, $1.5 million and $3.1 million, respectively, recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”, a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

We have foreign exchange risk related to our long-term intercompany balances denominated in Euros. Based on the long-term intercompany balances as of March 31, 2021, an assumed 5%, 10%, and 20% adverse change to foreign exchange would result in losses of $3.1 million, $6.3 million, and $12.6 million, respectively, recorded to “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)”.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2021. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2021.

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As permitted by SEC guidance for newly acquired businesses, management’s assessment of our disclosure controls and procedures did not include an assessment of the controls and procedures of MVE and CRYOPDP, which were acquired October 1, 2020.  MVE and CRYOPDP accounted for 42% and 12% of total assets and 50% and 5% of net assets, respectively, as of March 31, 2021 and 50% and 25% of revenues and (193)% and 22% of net loss, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021.

42

Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes, including product liability claims. We currently are not aware of any such legal proceedings or claim that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or cash flows. It is our practice to accrue for open claims based on our historical experience and available insurance coverage.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, the risks described in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These risk factors do not identify all of the risks that we face. Our business, financial condition and results of operations could also be affected by factors that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Recent Sale of Unregistered Securities

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2021 other than as reported in our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

We did not purchase any shares of our common stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None

43

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Index
10.1	Cryoport, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended by the First Amendment). Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 3, 2021.
31.1+	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2+	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1+	Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS+	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104+	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

+  Filed or furnished herewith.

44

SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	Cryoport, Inc.
Dated: May 6, 2021
	By:	/s/ Jerrell W. Shelton
		Jerrell W. Shelton
		President and Chief Executive Officer
Dated: May 6, 2021
	By:	/s/ Robert S. Stefanovich
		Robert S. Stefanovich
		Chief Financial Officer

45

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jerrell W. Shelton, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Cryoport, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2021

/s/ Jerrell W. Shelton

JERRELL W. SHELTON

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Robert S. Stefanovich, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Cryoport, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2021

/s/ Robert S. Stefanovich

ROBERT S. STEFANOVICH

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Cryoport, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jerrell W. Shelton, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge that:

(1)     The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)     The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Jerrell W. Shelton

JERRELL W. SHELTON

President and Chief Executive Officer

May 6, 2021

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Cryoport, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2021 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Robert S. Stefanovich, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge that:

(1)     The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)     The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Robert S. Stefanovich

ROBERT S. STEFANOVICH

Chief Financial Officer

May 6, 2021

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Cryoport, Inc. and will be retained by Cryoport, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

This Certification is being furnished pursuant to Rule 15(d) and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78r), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. This Certification shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Apr. 23, 2021
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-34632
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NV
Entity Tax Identification Number	88-0313393
Entity Address, Address Line One	112 Westwood Place, Suite 350
Entity Address, City or Town	Brentwood
Entity Address, State or Province	TN
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	37027
City Area Code	949
Local Phone Number	470-2300
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2021
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Registrant Name	CRYOPORT, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0001124524
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Trading Symbol	CYRX
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		45,681,456
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Shell Company	false

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 85,494	$ 36,873
Short-term investments	267,721	56,444
Accounts receivable, net	36,504	31,377
Inventories	11,544	10,535
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	18,485	11,928
Total current assets	419,748	147,157
Property and equipment, net	31,694	30,036
Operating lease right-of-use assets	15,996	14,044
Intangible assets, net	209,267	213,908
Goodwill	141,305	145,282
Deposits	946	1,184
Other long-term assets	752	794
Total assets	819,708	552,405
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	27,083	24,844
Accrued compensation and related expenses	8,233	7,441
Deferred revenue	495	445
Operating lease liabilities	2,002	2,231
Finance lease liabilities	60	59
Total current liabilities	37,873	35,020
Convertible senior notes, net of discount of $3.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively	111,536	111,344
Note payable, net of discount of $1.2 million and $0, respectively	3,497	4,912
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	14,502	12,261
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion	92	112
Deferred tax liability	4,626	5,882
Other long-term liabilities	307	176
Total liabilities	172,433	169,707
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock value
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 45,693,692 and 39,837,058 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively	45	40
Additional paid-in capital	837,615	566,451
Accumulated deficit	(195,540)	(192,013)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	880	5,376
Total stockholders' equity	647,275	382,698
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	819,708	552,405
Class A convertible preferred stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock value	0	0
Class B convertible preferred stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock value	0	0
Class C convertible preferred stock
Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred stock value	$ 4,275	$ 2,844

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Convertible Subordinated Debt, Discount	$ 3,500,000	$ 3,700,000
Note payable, discount	$ 1,200,000	$ 0
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	2,500,000	2,500,000
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	45,693,692	39,837,058
Common stock, shares outstanding	45,693,692	39,837,058
Class A convertible preferred stock [Member]
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	800,000	800,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Class B convertible preferred stock [Member]
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	585,000	585,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Class C convertible preferred stock
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	250,000	250,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	200,000	200,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	200,000	200,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Revenues	$ 53,284	$ 9,774
Cost of revenues	28,734	4,516
Gross margin	24,550	5,258
Operating costs and expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	21,388	7,111
Engineering and development	4,304	1,733
Total operating costs and expenses	25,692	8,844
Loss from operations	(1,142)	(3,586)
Other income (expense):
Investment income	398	307
Interest expense	(1,210)	(2)
Other expense, net	(535)	(628)
Total other expense, net	(1,347)	(323)
Loss before provision for income taxes	(2,489)	(3,909)
Provision for income taxes	(1,038)	(33)
Net loss	(3,527)	(3,942)
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock	(2,196)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (5,723)	$ (3,942)
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted	$ (0.13)	$ (0.11)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted	43,804,483	37,548,549
Service [Member]
Revenues	$ 26,765	$ 9,774
Cost of revenues	15,552	$ 4,516
Product [Member]
Revenues	26,519
Cost of revenues	$ 13,182

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
Net loss	$ (3,527)	$ (3,942)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities	(768)	471
Reclassification of realized (gain) loss on available-for-sale debt securities to earnings	30	(1)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(3,758)	(2)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,496)	468
Total comprehensive loss	$ (8,023)	$ (3,474)

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]	Accumulated Deficit [Member]	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Class A Preferred Stock	Class B Preferred Stock	Class C Preferred Stock	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 37,000	$ 285,609,000	$ (159,320,000)	$ (45,000)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 126,281,000
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019	37,339,787				0	0	0
Net loss	$ 0	0	(3,942,000)	0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	(3,942,000)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	0	0	0	468,000	0	0	0	468,000
Stock-based compensation expense	0	1,600,000	0	0	0	0	0	1,600,000
Issuance of common stock for board of director compensation	$ 0	21,000	0	0	0	0	$ 0	21,000
Issuance of common stock for board of director compensation (in shares)	1,269						0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants	$ 1,000	2,877,000	0	0	0	0	$ 0	2,878,000
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants (in shares)	589,199						0
Balance at Mar. 31, 2020	$ 38,000	290,107,000	(163,262,000)	423,000	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	127,306,000
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2020	37,930,255				0	0	0
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 40,000	566,451,000	(192,013,000)	5,376,000	$ 0	$ 0	$ 2,844,000	382,698,000
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020	39,837,058				0	0	250,000
Net loss	$ 0	0	(3,527,000)	0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	(3,527,000)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	0	0	0	(4,496,000)	0	0	0	(4,496,000)
Stock-based compensation expense	0	2,979,000	0	0	0	0	0	2,979,000
Cost of Series C preferred stock conversion		(1,800,000)						(1,800,000)
Issuance of common stock in public offering, net of costs of $17.7 million	$ 4,000	269,821,000						269,825,000
Issuance of common stock in public offering, net of costs of $17.7 million (in shares)	4,356,059
Issuance of common stock for board of director compensation	$ 0	11,000	0	0	0	0	$ 0	11,000
Issuance of common stock for board of director compensation (in shares)	229						0
Conversion of Series C preferred shares to common stock	$ 1,000	764,000					$ (765,000)
Conversion of Series C preferred shares to common stock (in shares)	1,312,860						50,000
Paid-in-kind preferred stock dividend, including beneficial conversion feature		(2,196,000)					$ 2,196,000
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants	$ 0	1,585,000	0	0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	1,585,000
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants (in shares)	187,486				0	0	0
Balance at Mar. 31, 2021	$ 45,000	$ 837,615,000	$ (195,540,000)	$ 880,000	$ 0	$ 0	$ 4,275,000	$ 647,275,000
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021	45,693,692				0	0	200,000

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Public offering
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Stock Issued, Issuance Costs	$ 17.7

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net loss	$ (3,527)	$ (3,942)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,837	824
Amortization of debt discount	264	0
Unrealized loss (gain) on investments in equity securities	263	(144)
Realized loss on investments in equity securities	0	793
Realized loss (gain) on available-for-sale debt securities	40	(11)
Stock-based compensation expense	2,990	1,620
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	71	80
Provision for bad debt	63	4
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition:
Accounts receivable	(5,213)	955
Inventories	(988)	9
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(6,545)	95
Deposits	229	(46)
Change in operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities	60	7
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	532	65
Accrued compensation and related expenses	804	768
Deferred revenue	49	(27)
Deferred tax liability	80	9
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(5,991)	1,059
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(2,811)	(596)
Software development costs	(193)	0
Purchases of short-term investments	(215,318)	(16,195)
Sales/maturities of short-term investments	3,000	16,279
Patent and trademark costs	(48)	(30)
Net cash used in investing activities	(215,370)	(542)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants	1,586	2,878
Proceeds from public offering, net of offering costs	269,825	0
Repayment of finance lease liabilities	(18)	(14)
Net cash provided by financing activities	271,393	2,864
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(1,411)	7
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	48,621	3,388
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of year	36,873	47,234
Cash and cash equivalents - end of year	85,494	50,622
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock to common stock	765	0
Cost of Series C Preferred stock conversion included in additional paid-in-capital and accounts payable and accrued liabilities	1,800	0
CRYOPDP goodwill adjustment included in deferred tax liability	1,394	0
CRYOPDP goodwill adjustment included in fixed assets	71	0
Note valuation adjustment included in note payable and goodwill	1,266	0
Net unrealized gain on available-for-sale debt securities	768	471
Reclassification of realized gain on available-for-sale debt securities to earnings	30	0
Purchase of equipment through capital lease obligations	0	203
Fixed assets included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$ 198	$ 608

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Public offering
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Stock Issued, Issuance Costs	$ 17.7

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Management's Representation and Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Management's Representation and Basis of Presentation

Management's Representation and Basis of Presentation

Note 1. Management’s Representation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Cryoport, Inc. (the “Company”, “Cryoport”, “our” or “we”) in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information, and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statement presentation. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2021. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of this filing and determined that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the notes thereto other than as disclosed in the accompanying notes.

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Nature of the Business

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Nature of the Business

Nature of the Business

Note 2. Nature of the Business

Cryoport is a life sciences services company that is an integral part of the temperature-controlled supply chain supporting the biopharma/pharma, animal health, and reproductive medicine markets. We are redefining logistics for the life sciences industry by providing a unique platform of critical solutions including highly differentiated temperature-controlled supply chain solutions, which include advanced packaging, informatics, specialty logistics services, biostorage services and cryogenic life sciences equipment. Through our products, services and expertise, we enable our clients to ship, store and deliver cellular-based materials and drug products as well as other life sciences commodities in a precise, defined temperature-controlled state.

Cryoport’s advanced platform, comprised of comprehensive and technology-centric systems and solutions are designed to support the global high-volume distribution of commercial biologic and cell-based products and therapies regulated by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other international regulatory bodies for distribution in the Americas, EMEA (Europe, the Middle East, and Africa) and APAC (Asia-Pacific) regions. Cryoport’s solutions are also designed to support pre-clinical, clinical trials, Biologics License Applications (BLA), Investigational New Drug Applications (IND), New Drug Applications (NDA) and Commercialized Products with the FDA, as well as global clinical trials and commercialized products initiated in other countries, where strict regulatory compliance and quality assurance is mandated. Our industry standard setting Chain of Compliance^TM solutions, which include vital analytics, such as ‘chain-of-condition’ and ‘chain-of-custody’ information in a single data stream, empower our clients’ continuous vigilance over their respective commodities. In addition, our Chain of Compliance^TM standard ensures full traceability of all equipment used and the processes employed, further supporting each client’s goal of minimizing risk and maximizing success of their respective biologics or other products and therapies as they are introduced into the global markets.

On August 21, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement to acquire CRYOPDP, a leading global provider of innovative temperature-controlled logistics solutions to the clinical research, pharmaceutical and cell and gene therapy markets, headquartered in Paris, France. Under the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests in Advanced Therapy Logistics and Solutions, a company organized under the laws of France, which is the holding company that owns CRYOPDP (the “CRYOPDP Acquisition”). The purchase price under the Securities Purchase Agreement was €49 million (approximately $58.0 million).

On August 24, 2020, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with Chart Industries, Inc. (“Chart”) pursuant to which the Company acquired Chart’s MVE Biological Solutions’ cryobiological storage business (the “MVE Acquisition”) for a cash purchase price at closing of $320 million, subject to customary closing working capital and other adjustments. The MVE Acquisition was structured as the acquisition of certain equity interests and assets and the transfer of certain liabilities in connection therewith.

On October 1, 2020, the Company completed both the MVE Acquisition and the CRYOPDP Acquisition.

The Company is a Nevada corporation and its common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market exchange under the ticker symbol “CYRX.”

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cryoport, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cryoport Systems, LLC, Cryogene, Inc., MVE Biological Solutions US LLC, and Cryoport Netherlands B.V. and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Our cash and cash equivalents represent demand deposits, and money market funds which are readily convertible into cash, have maturities of 90 days or less when purchased and are considered highly liquid and easily tradeable.

Short-Term Investments

Our investments in equity securities consist of mutual funds with readily determinable fair values which are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

Investments in debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Gains and losses are recognized when realized. When we have determined that an other than temporary decline in fair value has occurred, the amount related to a credit loss is recognized in earnings. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method.

Short-term investments are classified as current assets even though maturities may extend beyond one year because they represent investments of cash available for operations.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from estimated amounts. The Company’s significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, fair value of short-term investments, valuations and purchase price allocations related to business combinations, expected future cash flows including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets, estimated fair values of intangible assets and goodwill, intangible asset useful lives and amortization methods, allowance for inventory obsolescence, equity-based instruments, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance.

Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Future events, including the extent and the duration of the COVID-19 related economic impacts, and their effects cannot be predicted with certainty, and, accordingly the Company’s accounting estimates require the exercise of judgment.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, finance lease liabilities, note payable, and the Company’s 3.00% convertible senior notes due in 2025 (the “Senior Notes”). The carrying value for all such instruments, except finance lease liabilities, note payable and the Senior Notes, approximates fair value at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of finance lease liabilities approximates fair value because the interest rate approximates market rates available to us for similar obligations with the same maturities. For additional information related to fair value measurements, including the note payable and the Senior Notes, see Notes 9 and 10.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. From time to time, we maintain cash, cash equivalent and short-term investment balances in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”).  Primarily all of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at March 31, 2021 were in excess of amounts insured by the FDIC and SIPC.  The Company performs ongoing evaluations of these institutions to limit its concentration risk exposure.  We manage such risks in our portfolio by investing in highly liquid, highly-rated instruments, and limit investing in long-term maturity instruments.

Our investment policy requires that purchased instruments in marketable securities may only be in highly-rated instruments, which are primarily U.S. Treasury bills or treasury-backed securities, and also limits our investment in securities of any single issuer.

Customers

The Company grants credit to customers within the U.S. and international customers and does not require collateral. Revenues from international customers are generally secured by advance payments except for established foreign customers. The Company generally requires advance or credit card payments for initial revenues from new customers. The Company’s ability to collect receivables can be affected by economic fluctuations in the geographic areas and industries served by the Company. Reserves for uncollectible amounts are provided based on past experience and a specific analysis of the accounts, which management believes to be sufficient. Accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are net of reserves for doubtful accounts of $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Although the Company expects to collect amounts due, actual collections may differ from the estimated amounts. The Company maintains reserves for bad debt and such losses, in the aggregate, historically have not exceeded its estimates.

The Company’s customers are in the biopharma, pharmaceutical, animal health, reproductive medicine and other life science industries. Consequently, there is a concentration of accounts receivable within these industries, which is subject to normal credit risk. At March 31, 2021, there was one customer that accounted for 10.5% of net accounts receivable. At December 31, 2020, there were no customers that accounted for more than 10% of net accounts receivable. There were no other single customers that owed us more than 10% of net accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The Company has revenue from foreign customers primarily in United Kingdom, Switzerland, France, Netherlands, Singapore, China and India. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had revenues from foreign customers of approximately $25.5 million and $2.1 million, respectively, which constituted approximately 48.0% and 21.4%, respectively, of total revenues. There was one customer that accounted for 12.5% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021. There were three customers that accounted for 17.9%, 16.7% and 10.8% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2020, respectively. No other single customer generated over 10% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. Inventories are reviewed periodically for slow-moving or obsolete status. The Company writes down the carrying value of its inventories to reflect situations in which the cost of inventories is not expected to be recovered. Once established, write-downs of inventories are considered permanent adjustments to the cost basis of the obsolete or excess inventories. Raw materials and finished goods include material costs less reserves for obsolete or excess inventories. The Company evaluates the current level of inventories considering historical trends and other factors, such as selling prices and costs of completion, disposal and transportation, and based on the evaluation, records adjustments to reflect inventories at net realizable value. These adjustments are estimates, which could vary significantly from actual results if future economic conditions, customer demand, competition or other relevant factors differ from expectations. These estimates require us to make assessments about future demand for the Company’s products in order to categorize the status of such inventories items as slow-moving, obsolete or in excess-of-need. These estimates are subject to the ongoing accuracy of the Company’s forecasts of market conditions, industry trends, competition and other factors.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation.  We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which is generally three to twelve years for computer hardware and software, seven to ten years for freezers, four to ten years for trucks and autos, three to fifteen years for furniture and equipment and over the shorter of the lease term or useful live of the assets for leasehold improvements. Buildings are depreciated over a useful life ranging from 20 to 45 years. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Betterments, renewals and extraordinary repairs that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization applicable to assets retired are removed from the accounts, and the gain or loss on disposition is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term, and operating lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating leases are included in ROU assets, current operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current finance lease liabilities, and long-term finance lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

Lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date calculated using our incremental borrowing rate applicable to the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. ROU assets also include any lease payments made at or before lease commencement and exclude any lease incentives received. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s leases do not contain any residual value guarantees. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company accounts for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all its leases.

Business Combinations

Total consideration transferred for acquisitions is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the dates of acquisition. This purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions primarily with respect to intangible assets. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based on detailed valuations that use information and assumptions determined by management. Any excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, the Company’s estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill.

Goodwill

The Company evaluates goodwill on an annual basis in the fourth quarter or more frequently if management believes indicators of impairment exist. Such indicators could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. The Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit’s with its carrying amount and then recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting units fair value up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company assessed  triggering events indicating potential goodwill impairment, including the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and after assessment, concluded that there was no impairment during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are comprised of patents, trademarks, software development costs and the intangible assets acquired in the MVE, CRYOPDP and Cryogene acquisitions which include a non-compete agreement, technology, customer relationships, trade name/trademark, agent network, order backlog, developed technology and land use rights. The Company capitalizes costs of obtaining patents and trademarks, which are amortized, using the straight-line method over their estimated useful life of five years once the patent or trademark has been issued. The non-compete agreement, technology, customer relationships, trade name/trademark, agent network, order backlog, developed technology and land use rights, acquired in the MVE, CRYOPDP and Cryogene acquisitions are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (see Note 8). The Company uses the following valuation methodologies to value the significant intangible assets acquired: income approach for customer relationships, replacement cost for agent network and software, and relief from royalty for trade name/trademarks and developed technology.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an intangible asset's carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant decrease in the market value of an asset, (2) a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or (3) an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition of an asset. The Company measures the carrying amount of the asset against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with it. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value of the asset being evaluated, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss would be calculated as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. The estimate of fair value is based on various valuation techniques, including the discounted value of estimated future cash flows. The evaluation of asset impairment requires the Company to make assumptions about future cash flows over the life of the asset being evaluated. These assumptions require significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts. There was no impairment of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Other Long-lived Assets

If indicators of impairment exist, we assess the recoverability of the affected long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets can be recovered through undiscounted future operating cash flows. If impairment is indicated, we measure the amount of such impairment by comparing the fair value to the carrying value. We believe the future cash flows to be received from the long-lived assets will exceed the assets’ carrying value, and accordingly, we have not recognized any impairment losses through March 31, 2021.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs represent costs incurred in connection with the issuance of debt instruments and equity financings. Deferred financing costs related to the issuance of debt are amortized over the term of the financing instrument using the effective interest method and are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as an offset against the related debt. Offering costs from equity financings are netted against the gross proceeds received from the equity financings.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provision of ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, or ASC 740. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no material unrecognized tax benefits included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets that would, if recognized, affect the effective tax rate.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided for certain deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize tax assets through future operations. Based on the weight of available evidence, the Company’s management has determined that it is not more likely than not that the U.S. based net deferred tax assets will be realized. Therefore, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its U.S. based net deferred tax assets. With respect to the foreign based deferred tax assets, the Company's management has reviewed these deferred tax assets on a jurisdictional basis. Based on the weight of each jurisdiction's evidence available, the Company's management has made separate determinations for each foreign jurisdiction regarding whether it is more likely than not that a net deferred tax asset within a particular jurisdiction will be realized. The Company has recorded full valuation allowances in jurisdictions where deferred tax assets are not deemed more likely than not to be realized.

Additionally, the Company maintains a deferred tax liability related to indefinite-lived assets that have been netted against deferred tax assets that also allow for indefinite carryforward periods subject to limitations.  The remaining taxable temporary difference cannot serve as a source for future taxable income to realize federal net operating losses, due to the fact that post-2017 federal net operating losses are only eligible to offset 80% of income in a given year or in the case of state net operating losses, the state net operating losses will expire prior to the reversal of the taxable temporary difference.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company has immaterial accruals for interest or penalties on its consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and has recorded only immaterial interest and/or penalties in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., various state jurisdictions and in various foreign countries. As of March 31, 2021, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for years before 2017 and for California franchise and income tax examinations for years before 2016. However, to the extent allowed by law, the taxing authorities may have the right to examine prior periods where net operating losses were generated and carried forward and make adjustments up to the amount of the net operating loss carry forward amount. The Company is not currently under examination by U.S. federal or state jurisdictions. Our foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to examination three years following the year in which the tax obligation originated.  The years subject to audit may be extended if the entity substantially understates corporate income tax. The Company's subsidiary in India is currently under examination by the Indian tax authorities for 2012-2013, 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 tax periods. Other than India, the Company does not have any foreign subsidiaries currently under audit by their local taxing authorities.

In December of 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The Board issued this Update as part of its Simplification Initiative to improve areas of U.S. GAAP and reduce cost and complexity while maintaining usefulness. The main provision that impacts the company is the removal of the exception to the incremental approach of intra-period tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or gain from other items (for example, discontinued operations and other comprehensive income). ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 31, 2020. Different components of the guidance require retrospective, modified retrospective or prospective adoption. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2020, and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). The Cares Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax breaks to strengthen the United States economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID-19. The CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions are removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, increasing the loss carryback period for certain losses to five years, and increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. At March 31, 2021, the Company has not recorded any income tax provision/(benefit) resulting from the CARES Act mainly due the Company’s history of net operating losses generated and the maintenance of a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.  

On June 29, 2020, the State of California passed Assembly Bill 85 which suspends the California net operating loss deduction for the 2020-2022 tax years and the R&D credit usage for the same period (for credit usages in excess of $5 million). These suspensions were considered in preparation of the March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 financial statements.

On December 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 (“CAA”).  The CAA includes provisions extending certain CARES Act provisions and adds coronavirus relief, tax and health extenders. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the CAA and its impact on our financial statements in 2021 and beyond.

On March 11, 2021, the United States enacted the American Rescue Plan (“ARP”). The ARP includes provisions extending certain CARES Act provisions, repeals a worldwide interest allocation election, modifies the $1 million executive compensation limitation for years after 2026 and extends the employee retention credit. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the ARP and its impact on our financial statements in 2021 and beyond.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized when control is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods and services. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps: (i) identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognition of revenue when or as a performance obligation is satisfied.

Performance Obligations

At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. Revenue is recognized when our performance obligation has been met. The Company considers control to have transferred upon delivery because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the Company has transferred use of the asset, and the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset.

For arrangements under which the Company provides biological specimen storage services and logistics support and management to the customer, the Company satisfies its performance obligations as those services are performed whereby the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of such services under the agreement.

Revenue generated from short-term logistics and engineering consulting services provided to customers is recognized when the Company satisfies the contractually defined performance obligations. When a contract includes multiple performance obligations, the contract price is allocated among the performance obligations based upon the stand-alone selling prices. Approved contract modifications are accounted for as either a separate contract or as part of the existing contract depending on the nature of the modification.

Our performance obligations on our orders and under the terms of agreements with customers are generally satisfied within one year from a given reporting date and, therefore, we omit disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations on open orders.

Shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers are accounted for as costs to fulfill our promise to transfer the associated products pursuant to the accounting policy election allowed under Topic 606 and are not considered a separate performance obligation to our customers. Accordingly, the Company records amounts billed for shipping and handling as a component of revenue. Shipping and handling fees and costs are included in cost of revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Revenues are recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental agencies.

Significant Payment Terms

Pursuant to the Company’s contracts with its customers, amounts billed for services or products delivered by the Company are generally due and payable in full within 15  to 60 days from the date of the invoice (except for any amounts disputed by the customer in good faith). Accordingly, the Company determined that its contracts with customers do not include extended payment terms or a significant financing component.

Variable Consideration

When a contract includes variable consideration, the Company evaluates the estimate of the variable consideration to determine whether the estimate needs to be constrained. Variable consideration is estimated at the most likely amount that is expected to be earned.

Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available. Variable consideration estimates are updated at each reporting date. Revenues are recorded net of variable consideration, such as discounts and allowances.

Warranties

The Company provides product warranties with varying terms and durations for some of its products. The Company estimates product warranty costs and accrues for these costs as products are sold with a charge to cost of sales. Factors considered in estimating warranty costs include historical and projected warranty claims, historical and projected cost-per-claim, and knowledge of specific product issues that are outside of typical experience. Warranty accruals are evaluated and adjusted as necessary based on actual claims experience and changes in future claim and cost estimates.

Product warranty accrued liabilities totaled $0.2 million and $0.2 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are included in accounts payable and other accrued expenses. Warranty expense was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Incremental Direct Costs

Incremental direct costs are expensed when incurred when the amortization period of the asset that would have been recognized is one year or less; otherwise, incremental contract costs are recognized as an asset and amortized over time as promised goods and services are transferred to a customer. Incremental direct costs were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

The Company expenses incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract (sales commissions) when incurred because the amortization period is generally 12 months or less. The Company does not incur costs to fulfill a customer contract that meet the requirements for capitalization.

Contract Assets

Typically, we invoice the customer and recognize revenue once we have satisfied our performance obligation. Accordingly, our contract assets comprise accounts receivable, which are recognized when payment is unconditional and only the passage of time is required before payment is due. Generally, we do not have material amounts of other contract assets since revenue is recognized as control of goods is transferred or as services are performed.

Contract Liabilities (Deferred Revenue)

Contract liabilities are recorded when cash payments are received in advance of the Company’s performance. Deferred revenue was $0.5 million and $0.3 million at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized revenues of $0.2 million from the related contact liabilities outstanding as the services were performed.

Nature of Goods and Services

The Company provides Cryoport Express^® Shippers to its customers and charges a fee in exchange for the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper under long-term master service agreements with customers. The Company’s arrangements convey to the customers the right to use the Cryoport Express^® Shippers over a period of time. The Company retains title to the Cryoport Express^® Shippers and provides its customers the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper for a specified shipping cycle. At the culmination of the customer’s shipping cycle, the Cryoport Express^® Shipper is returned to the Company.

The Company recognizes revenue for the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shippers at the time of the delivery of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper to the end user of the enclosed materials, and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides vacuum insulated aluminum dewars and cryogenic freezers systems to its customers. Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies performance obligations by transferring the equipment to a customer, and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides global temperature-controlled logistics services, support and management. Revenue is recognized for these services as services are rendered and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides comprehensive and integrated temperature-controlled biostorage solutions to customers in the life sciences industry and charges a fee under long-term master service agreements with customers. These services include (1) biological specimen cryopreservation storage and maintenance, (2) archiving, monitoring, tracking, receipt and delivery of samples, (3) transport of frozen biological specimens to and from customer locations, and (4) management of incoming and outgoing biological specimens. The Company recognizes revenue for its biostorage solutions as services are rendered over time and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides short-term logistics and engineering consulting services to some customers, with fees tied to the completion of contractually defined services. We recognize revenue from these services over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of these services as they are performed.

A significant portion of our revenues are covered under long-term agreements. We have determined that individual Statements of Work or Scope of Work (“SOW”), whose terms and conditions taken with a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”), create the Topic 606 contracts which are generally short-term in nature (e.g., 15-day shipping cycle) for the Cryoport Express^® solutions and up to 12 months for biostorage solutions. Our agreements (including SOWs) generally do not have multiple performance obligations and, therefore, do not require an allocation of a single price amongst multiple goods or services.  Prices under these agreements are generally fixed.

Revenue Disaggregation

The Company views its operations, makes decisions regarding how to allocate resources and manages its business as one reportable segment and one reporting unit. As a result, the financial information disclosed herein represents all of the material financial information related to the Company. When disaggregating revenue, the Company considered all of the economic factors that may affect its revenues. We consider sales disaggregated by end-market to depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are impacted by changes in economic factors. The following table disaggregates our revenues by major markets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Biopharma/Pharma	$	42,393	$	8,786
Animal Health		8,997		225
Reproductive Medicine		1,894		763
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Given that the Company’s revenues are generated in different geographic regions, factors such as regulatory and geopolitical factors within those regions could impact the nature, timing and uncertainty of the Company’s revenues and cash flows. Our geographical revenues, by origin, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Americas	$	27,734	$	7,685
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA)		14,208		1,932
Asia Pacific (APAC)		11,342		157
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Cost of Services Revenues

Our cost of services revenues is primarily comprised of freight charges, payroll and associated expenses related to our global logistics and supply chain centers, depreciation expenses of our Cryoport Express^® Shippers and supplies and consumables used for our solutions.

Cost of Product Revenues

Our cost of product revenues is primarily comprised of materials, direct and indirect labor, inbound freight charges, purchasing and receiving, inspection, and distribution and warehousing of inventory. In addition, shop supplies, facility maintenance costs and depreciation expense for assets used in the manufacturing process are included in cost of product revenues.

Engineering and Development Expenses

Expenditures relating to engineering and development are expensed in the period incurred to engineering and development expense in the statement of operations.

Acquisition Costs

Acquisition costs consist of legal, accounting, third-party valuations, and other due diligence costs related to our MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP acquisitions.

Stock-Based Compensation

Under our stockholder approved stock-based compensation plan, we have granted incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units that vest over four years.  Incentive and non-qualified stock options expire from seven to ten years from date of grant. The Company accounts for stock-based payments in accordance with stock-based payment accounting guidance which requires all stock-based payments to be recognized based upon their fair values. The fair value of stock options is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model (“Black-Scholes”) and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period.  The determination of fair value using Black-Scholes is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and expected term. The Company accounts for forfeitures of unvested awards as they occur.

The grant date fair value per share for restricted stock units is based upon the closing market price of our common stock on the award grant date.

The Company’s stock-based compensation plans are discussed further in Note 14.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

We calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. In periods of a net loss position, basic and diluted weighted average common shares are the same. For the diluted earnings per share calculation, we adjust the weighted average number of common shares outstanding to include dilutive stock options, warrants and shares associated with the conversion of the Senior Notes and convertible preferred stock outstanding during the periods.

The following shows the amounts used in computing net loss per share (in thousands except per share data):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock		(2,196)		—
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(5,723)	$	(3,942)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		43,804,483		37,548,549
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.11)

The following table sets forth the number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021	2020
Stock options	6,149,186	3,867,924
Warrants	—	502,632
Restricted stock units	304,157	—
Series C convertible preferred stock	5,283,411	—
Convertible senior notes	4,810,002	—
	16,546,756	4,370,556

Foreign Currency Transactions

Management has determined that the functional currency of its subsidiaries is the local currency.  Assets and liabilities of the Netherlands and United Kingdom subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rates.  Income and expenses are translated at an average exchange rate for the period and the resulting translation gain (loss) adjustments are accumulated as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.  The translation gain (loss) adjustment totaled $(3.8) million and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Foreign currency gains and losses from transactions denominated in other than respective local currencies are included in earnings.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Reclassification

Prior year amounts in sales and marketing expense have been reclassified to selling, general and administrative expense to conform to the current period presentation, which reflects how the Company tracks operating costs. These reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported net loss.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. Under ASU 2020-06, the embedded conversion features are no longer separated from the host contract for convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or that do not result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. Similarly, equity-classified convertible preferred stock instruments will be accounted for as single units of account in equity unless the conversion feature needs to be bifurcated under Topic 815. The new guidance also made amendments to the earnings per share guidance in Topic 260, Earnings Per Share, for convertible instruments, the most significant impact of which is requiring the use of the if- converted method for diluted earnings per share calculation. Further, ASU 2020-06 made revisions to Topic 815-40, which provides guidance on how an entity must determine whether a contract qualifies for a scope exception from derivative accounting. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the standard requires using either a modified retrospective or a full retrospective approach. Effective January 1, 2021, we early adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. Adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, “Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815.” The new guidance clarifies the interaction of accounting for the transition into and out of the equity method and the accounting for measuring certain purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments. ASU 2020-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

Accounting Guidance Issued but Not Adopted at March 31, 2021

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." This ASU replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information for credit loss estimates on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. In addition, new disclosures are required. The ASU, as subsequently amended, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC. As a smaller reporting company, we are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

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Acquisitions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Acquisitions

Acquisitions

Note 4. Acquisitions

2020 Acquisitions – CRYOPDP and MVE

CRYOPDP Acquisition

On October 1, 2020, the Company completed its acquisition of CRYOPDP for a cash consideration of €48.3 million (approximately $57.0 million, the “CRYOPDP Acquisition”). This acquisition was funded with existing cash on hand. CRYOPDP, based in France, is a leading global provider of innovative temperature-controlled logistics solutions to the clinical research, pharmaceutical and cell and gene therapy markets. CRYOPDP conducts its business activities in the Americas, EMEA and APAC. As a result of the CRYOPDP Acquisition, the Company has extended its solutions to include broader temperature-controlled logistics and specialty courier services and has significantly expanded its global network through CRYOPDP’s 22 facilities in 12 countries.

The final purchase price for the CRYOPDP Acquisition was $56.7 million, after receiving $0.3 million net working capital settlement from the sellers during the three months ended March 31, 2021. As of October 1, 2020, the Company recorded net assets acquired of $57.0 million, including goodwill of $25.5 million. Through March 31, 2021, the Company recorded measurement period adjustments of $2.9 million, mainly comprised of $1.3 million fair value on the note payable and $1.5 million deferred tax adjustments, resulting in adjusted goodwill of $22.6 million and adjusted net assets acquired of $56.7 million. The purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed remains open due to the finalization of the purchase price allocation during the measurement process.

MVE Acquisition

On October 1, 2020, the Company completed its acquisition of Chart Industries, Inc.’s MVE cryobiological storage business (the “MVE Acquisition”) for a cash consideration of $317.5 million, subject to customary closing working capital and other adjustments. The Company financed a portion of the closing cash payment of the MVE Acquisition with the net proceeds of the Blackstone Private Placement, as further discussed in Note 13. MVE is a global leader in manufactured vacuum insulated products and cryogenic freezer systems for the life sciences industry. MVE has manufacturing and distribution operations in the Americas, EMEA and APAC. As a result of the MVE Acquisition, the Company has extended its integrated logistics solutions to provide a broad range of cryogenic dewars and freezers to the life sciences industry.

As of October 1, 2020, the Company recorded net assets acquired of $317.5 million, including goodwill of $106.2 million. Through March 31, 2021, the Company did not record any material measurement period adjustments. The purchase price allocation for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed remains open due to the finalization of the purchase price allocation during the measurement process.

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Note 5. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Cash	$	23,913	$	25,053
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund		61,581		11,820
Total cash and cash equivalents		85,494		36,873
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury notes and bills		234,578		23,309
Mutual funds		33,143		33,135
Total short-term investments		267,721		56,444
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	353,215	$	93,317

Available-for-sale investments

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury notes	$	235,185	$	128	$	(735)	$	234,578
Total available-for-sale investments	$	235,185	$	128	$	(735)	$	234,578

The following table summarizes the fair value of available-for-sale investments based on stated contractual maturities as of March 31, 2021:

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	41,030	$	41,058
Due between one and two years		194,155		193,520
Total	$	235,185	$	234,578

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at December 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

			Unrealized		Unrealized
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury notes	$	23,179	$	173	$	(43)	$	23,309
Total available-for-sale investments	$	23,179	$	173	$	(43)	$	23,309

The following table summarizes the fair value of available-for-sale investments based on stated contractual maturities as of December 31, 2020:

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	14,084	$	14,111
Due between one and two years		9,095		9,198
Total	$	23,179	$	23,309

The primary objective of our investment portfolio is to enhance overall returns in an efficient manner while maintaining safety of principal, prudent levels of liquidity and acceptable levels of risk. Our investment policy limits interest-bearing security investments to certain types of debt and money market instruments issued by institutions with primarily investment-grade credit ratings, and it places restrictions on maturities and concentration by asset class and issuer.

We review our available-for-sale investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value below our cost basis each quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the cost basis of an asset may not be recoverable. The evaluation is based on a number of factors, including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been below our cost basis, as well as adverse conditions related specifically to the security such as any changes to the credit rating of the security and the intent to sell or whether we will more likely than not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Our assessment of whether a security is other-than-temporarily impaired could change in the future based on new developments or changes in assumptions related to that particular security.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we had realized gains of $40,000 on available-for-sale investments.

Equity Investments

We held investments in equity securities with readily determinable fair values of $33.1 million at March 31, 2021. These investments consist of mutual funds that invest primarily in tax-free municipal bonds and treasury inflation protected securities.

Unrealized gains (losses) during 2021 and 2020 related to equity securities held at March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

		2021		2020
Net losses recognized during the three months on equity securities	$	(263)	$	(649)
Less: net gains (losses) recognized during the year on equity securities sold during the year		—		(793)
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the three months on equity securities still held at March 31, 2021 and 2020	$	(263)	$	144

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Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Note 6. Fair Value Measurements

We measure fair value based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include the following:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.

Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but corroborated by market data. These inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted market prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

In determining fair value, we utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible, as well as consider counterparty credit risk in the assessment of fair value.

We did not elect the fair value option, as allowed, to account for financial assets and liabilities that were not previously carried at fair value. Therefore, material financial assets and liabilities that are not carried at fair value, such as trade accounts receivable and payable, are reported at their historical carrying values.

The carrying values of our assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 approximate fair value because of our ability to immediately convert these instruments into cash with minimal expected change in value which are classified in the table below in one of the three categories of the fair value hierarchy described above (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
March 31, 2021
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	$	61,581	$	—	$	—	$	61,581
Marketable equity securities:
Mutual funds		33,143		—		—		33,143
Available-for-sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury notes		234,578		—		—		234,578
	$	329,302	$	—	$	—	$	329,302

	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
December 31, 2020
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	$	11,820	$	—	$	—	$	11,820
Marketable equity securities:
Mutual funds		33,135		—		—		33,135
Available-for-sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury notes		23,309		—		—		23,309
	$	68,264	$	—	$	—	$	68,264

Our equity securities and available-for-sale debt securities, including U.S. treasury notes and U.S. treasury bills are valued using inputs observable in active markets for identical securities and are therefore classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.

We did not have any financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021.

We carry the Senior Notes (see Note 9) at face value less the unamortized discount and issuance costs on our consolidated balance sheets and present fair value for disclosure purposes only. As of March 31, 2021, the estimated fair value of the Notes was $108.8 million and was determined using the net present value of the payments, discounted at an interest rate that is consistent with market and risk-adjusted interest rates, which is a Level 2 input.

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Inventory

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Inventory

Inventory

Note 7. Inventory

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Raw materials	$	8,318	$	7,544
Work-in-process		307		227
Finished goods		2,919		2,764
	$	11,544	$	10,535

The inventory balance at December 31, 2020 includes an $0.8 million step up in inventory related to the acquisition of MVE.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Note 8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The following table represents the changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

		March 31,
		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year		145,282		11,000
Foreign currency adjustment		(1,405)		—
Goodwill related to MVE acquisition		18		—
Goodwill related to CRYOPDP acquisition		(2,590)		—
Total	$	141,305	$	11,000

Intangible Assets

The following table presents our intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

							Weighted
					Net		Average
	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Amortization
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Period (years)
Non-compete agreement	$	390	$	143	$	247	3
Technology		34,438		2,576		31,862	11
Customer relationships		128,640		5,218		123,422	14
Cryogene trade name/trademark		480		59		421	13
CRYOPDP agent network		8,597		1,415		7,182	4
MVE order backlog		2,600		2,600		—	—
MVE land use rights		2,378		36		2,342	37
Patents and trademarks		44,360		569		43,791	—
Total	$	221,883	$	12,616	$	209,267

The following table presents our intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

							Weighted
					Net		Average
	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Amortization
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Period (years)
Non-compete agreement	$	390	$	123	$	267	3
Technology		34,245		1,630		32,615	11
Customer relationships		128,640		2,708		125,932	14
Cryogene trade name/trademark		480		51		429	13
CRYOPDP agent network		8,597		537		8,060	4
MVE order backlog		2,600		2,600		—	—
MVE land use rights		2,378		16		2,362	37
Patents and trademarks		44,312		69		44,243	—
Total	$	221,642	$	7,734	$	213,908

Amortization expense for intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, was $3.6 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Expected future amortization of intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 is as follows:

Years Ending March 31,	Amount
Remainder of 2021	$	10,722
2022		14,296
2023		14,296
2024		13,678
2025		12,064
Thereafter		100,051
	$	165,107

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Convertible Senior Notes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Convertible Senior Notes

Convertible Senior Notes

Note 9. Convertible Senior Notes

In May 2020, the Company issued $115.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.00% convertible senior notes due in 2025 (the "Senior Notes"), which includes the initial purchasers’ exercise in full of their option to purchase an additional $15.0 million principal amount of the Senior Notes, in a private placement exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933. The Senior Notes are governed by an indenture (the “Indenture”) dated May 26, 2020 between the Company, as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The Company received $111.3 million from the offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions of $3.7 million, and incurred approximately $0.3 million in third-party offering related costs. The Senior Notes bear cash interest at a rate of 3.00%, payable semi-annually on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2020 and will mature on June 1, 2025, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted in accordance with the terms of the Senior Notes. At March 31, 2021 accrued interest of $1.2 million is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.  The Notes comprise the Company’s senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with the Company’s existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Senior Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent the Company is not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of the Company’s subsidiaries.

At any time before the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, holders of the Senior Notes may convert their Senior Notes at their option into shares of the Company’s common stock. The Senior Notes are initially convertible into approximately 4,810,002 shares of the Company’s common stock based on the initial conversion rate of 41.8261 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Senior Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $23.91 per share of the Company’s common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price are subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. Also, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time and is determined by reference to a make-whole table set forth in the Indenture governing the Senior Notes. However, in no event will the conversion rate be increased to an amount that exceeds 48.10 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Senior Notes. In addition, the holders of the Senior Notes may require the Company to repurchase the Senior Notes at par value plus accrued and unpaid interest following the occurrence of a “Fundamental Change” (as described in the Indenture).

On or after June 5, 2023, we may redeem the Senior Notes at our option, in whole and not in part, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, if:

(1) The last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (i) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the Company send the related redemption notice; and (ii) the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends such notice; and

(2) A registration statement covering the resale of the shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon conversion of the Senior Notes is effective and available for use and is expected to remain effective and available during the redemption period as of the date the redemption notice is sent.

The Senior Notes contain customary terms and events of default. If an event of default arising out of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency, or reorganization involving the Company or a significant subsidiary (as set forth in the Indenture) occurs with respect to the Company, the principal amount of the Senior Notes and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, will automatically become immediately due and payable. If any other event of default (as defined in the Indenture) occurs and is continuing, either the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Notes may declare the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be due and payable immediately by notice to the Company. There were no events of default at March 31, 2021.

The Senior Notes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (“ASC 470-20”) and ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”). Under ASC 815-40, to qualify for equity classification (or nonbifurcation, if embedded) the instrument (or embedded feature) must be both (1) indexed to the issuer’s stock and (2) meet the requirements of the equity classification guidance. Based upon the Company’s analysis, it was determined the Senior Notes do contain embedded features indexed to its own stock, but do not meet the requirements for bifurcation, and therefore do not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component. Since the embedded conversion feature meets the equity scope exception from derivative accounting, and also since the embedded conversion option does not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component under ASC 470-20, the proceeds received from the issuance of the convertible debt was recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet.

The Company incurred approximately $4.1 million of debt issuance costs relating to the issuance of the Senior Notes, which were recorded as a reduction to the Senior Notes on the consolidated balance sheet. The debt issuance costs are being amortized and recognized as additional interest expense over the expected life of the Senior Notes using the effective interest rate method. We determined the expected life of the debt is equal to the five-year term of the Senior Notes. The effective interest rate on the Senior Notes is 3.74%.

Senior Notes payable consisted of the following at March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2021
Principal amount of Senior Notes	$	115,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(3,464)
Net carrying value of Senior Notes payable	$	111,536

Interest expense incurred in connection with the Notes consisted of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
Coupon interest	$	862
Amortization of debt issuance costs		192
Total interest expense on Senior Notes	$	1,054

The Company’s Senior Notes payable of $115.0 are due and payable in 2025.

In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) to use its best efforts to file a registration statement for the resale of the Senior Notes and the shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon conversion of the Senior Notes, to cause the registration statement to become effective by January 31, 2021, and to keep the registration statement continuously effective for a specified period of time. If the Company fails to satisfy certain of its obligations under the Registration Rights Agreement (a “Registration Default”), it will be required to pay additional interest on the Senior Notes. Such additional interest will accrue at a rate per annum equal to 0.25% of the principal amount thereof for the first 90 days beginning on, and including the date on which such Registration Default occurs and, thereafter, at a rate per annum equal to 0.50% of the principal amount thereof. However, in no event will such additional interest, together with any special interest that accrues pursuant to the Indenture accrue on any day on a Note at a combined rate per annum that exceeds 0.50%. Additionally, if a Registration Default exists on the maturity date for the Senior Notes, then, in addition to any additional interest otherwise payable, the Company will be required to make a cash payment to each noteholder in an amount equal to 3% of the principal amount of Senior Notes outstanding and held by such holder as of the close of business on the business day immediately before the maturity date. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has not accrued any fees or expenses associated with the Registration Rights Agreement as no Registration Default exists and, therefore, it is not probable that a payment would be required. In December 2020, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement to register the resale of the Senior Notes and the shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon conversion of the Senior Notes.

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Note Payable

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Note Payable

Note Payable

Note 10. Note Payable

In connection with the acquisition of CRYOPDP, the Company assumed an interest free unsecured note payable of €4.0 million ($4.9 million) repayable in two installments of €0.5 million ($0.6 million) to be repaid in 2025 and €3.5 million ($4.3 million) to be repaid in 2028.  A fair market value discount of €1.1 million ($1.3 million) was recorded and is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the note.  During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company amortized €0.06 million ($0.07 million) of the debt discount to interest expense for this note.

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Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Leases

Leases

Note 11. Leases

The Company has operating and finance leases for corporate offices and certain equipment. These leases have remaining lease terms of one year to approximately nine years, some of which include options to extend the leases for multiple renewal periods of five years each. Under the terms of the facilities leases, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of property taxes, insurance and normal maintenance costs. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, assets recorded under finance leases were $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and accumulated depreciation associated with finance leases was $0.1 million and $0.08 million, respectively.

The components of lease cost were as follows (in thousands):

	March 31,
	2021		2020
Operating lease cost	$	922	$	290
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets		15		6
Interest on finance lease liabilities		3		2
		18		8
Total lease cost	$	940	$	298

Other information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
Supplemental Cash Flows Information	March 31, 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	851
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	22
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	20
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities (in thousands):
Operating leases	$	2,781
Finance leases	$	—
Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases		6.3 years
Finance leases		2.7 years
Weighted-Average Discount Rate
Operating leases		5.4	%
Finance leases		5.3	%

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases that have commenced as of March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending March 31	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2021 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2021)	$	1,688	$	45
2022		2,730		58
2023		2,256		61
2024		2,049		—
2025		1,866		—
Thereafter		9,738		—
Total future minimum lease payments		20,327		164
Less imputed interest		(3,823)		(12)
Total	$	16,504	$	152

	Operating		Finance
Reported as of March 31, 2021	Leases		Leases
Current lease liabilities	$	2,002	$	60
Noncurrent lease liabilities		14,502		92
Total	$	16,504	$	152

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Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Facility and Equipment Leases

We lease various corporate, global logistics and supply chain centers, biostorage, manufacturing, and research and development facilities in Tennessee, California, New Jersey, the Netherlands, Texas, Georgia, Minnesota, China, Portugal and France under operating leases. These lease agreements contain certain scheduled annual rent increases which are accounted for on a straight-line basis.   In addition, we lease certain equipment which expires through July 2024 (See Note 11).

Employment Agreements

We have entered into employment agreements with certain of our officers under which payment and benefits would become payable in the event of termination by us for any reason other than cause, or upon a change in control of our Company, or by the employee for good reason.

Litigation

The Company may become a party to product litigation in the normal course of business. The Company accrues for open claims based on its historical experience and available insurance coverage. We record a loss contingency when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We also disclose material contingencies when we believe a loss is not probable but reasonably possible. Accounting for contingencies requires us to use judgment related to both the likelihood of a loss and the estimate of the amount or range of loss. The outcomes of our legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable, subject to significant uncertainties, and could be material to our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for a particular period.

Indemnities and Guarantees

The Company has made certain indemnities and guarantees, under which it may be required to make payments to a guaranteed or indemnified party, in relation to certain actions or transactions. The guarantees and indemnities do not provide for any limitation of the maximum potential future payments the Company could be obligated to make. Historically, the Company has not been obligated nor incurred any payments for these obligations and, therefore, no liabilities have been recorded for these indemnities and guarantees in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company indemnifies its directors, officers, employees and agents, as permitted under the laws of the States of California and Nevada. In connection with its facility and equipment leases, the Company has indemnified its lessors for certain claims arising from the use of the facilities and equipment. The duration of the guarantees and indemnities varies and is generally tied to the life of the agreements.

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Stockholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity

Note 13. Stockholders’ Equity

Authorized Stock

The Company has 100,000,000 authorized shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share, and 2,500,000 undesignated or “blank check” preferred stock, with a par value of $0.001, of which, 800,000 shares have been designated as Class A Preferred Stock, 585,000 shares have been designated as Class B Preferred Stock and 250,000 shares have been designated as 4.0% Series C Convertible Preferred Stock.

Common Stock Issued for Services

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, 229 shares of common stock with a fair value of $11,500 were issued to one member of the board of directors as compensation for services.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, 1,269 shares of common stock with a fair value of $20,700 were issued to two members of the board of directors as compensation for services.

January 2021 Public Offering

On January 25, 2021, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 4,356,059 shares of its common stock. The shares were issued and sold pursuant to an underwriting agreement dated January 20, 2021, by and among the Company, on the one hand, and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Jefferies LLC, SVB Leerink LLC and UBS Securities LLC, as representatives of certain underwriters at a public offering price per share of $66.00, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions. The shares include 568,181 shares issued and sold pursuant to the underwriters’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional shares of common stock pursuant to the underwriting agreement. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $269.8 million from the offering after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company.

Blackstone Private Placement

In connection with the MVE Acquisition, on October 1, 2020 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed a private placement with an investment vehicle of funds affiliated with The Blackstone Group Inc. (collectively, “Blackstone”), consisting of (i) 250,000 shares of a newly designated 4.0% Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Series C Preferred Stock”), at a price of $1,000 per share, for $250.0 million, and (ii) 675,536 shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”) for $25.0 million, for an aggregate purchase price of $275.0 million. The Company paid Blackstone $1.0 million as reimbursement for transactional expenses incurred in connection with the private placement at the Closing Date. Also, the Company incurred direct and incremental expenses of approximately $8.6 million, including financial advisory fees, closing costs, legal expenses and other offering-related expenses. The Company allocated the net proceeds of $265.4 million on a relative fair value basis to the Series C Preferred Stock and the Common Stock, resulting in allocated proceeds of $28.2 million and $237.2 million, respectively.

The Series C Preferred Stock ranks senior to the shares of the Company’s Common Stock, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the affairs of the Company (a “Liquidation”). The Series C Preferred Stock has the following rights, preferences and privileges:

Dividend Rights. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock (the “Holders”) are entitled to dividends at the rate of 4.0% per annum, paid-in-kind, accruing daily and paid quarterly in arrears when and if declared by the Board of Directors. The Holders are also entitled to participate in dividends declared or paid on the Common Stock on an as-converted basis. The Company and Holders do not have the option to pay dividends in kind, in cash, or in other form. Paid in-kind dividends for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2020 were $2.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

Liquidation Preference. Upon a Liquidation, each share of Series C Preferred Stock is entitled to receive an amount per share equal to the greater of (i) $1,000 per share, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends and (ii) the amount that the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock would have been entitled to receive at such time if the Series C Preferred Stock were converted into Common Stock (the ”Liquidation Preference”).

Conversion Features. The Series C Preferred Stock is convertible at the option of the Holders at any time into shares of Common Stock at a conversion price of $38.6152 per share and a conversion rate of 25.90 shares of Common Stock per share of Series C Preferred Stock. The maximum number of Common Stock that could be required to be issued if converted is 6,474,135 shares. The conversion price is subject to certain customary adjustments in the event of certain adjustments to the Company’s Common Stock, including stock dividends, splits, combinations, tender offers, and exchange offers.  

After the second anniversary of the Closing Date, subject to certain conditions, the Company may at its option require conversion of all of the outstanding shares of the Series C Preferred Stock to Common Stock if, for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days immediately preceding the date the Company notifies the Holders of the election to convert, the closing price of the Common Stock is at least 150% of the conversion price.

On the October 1, 2020 issuance date, the effective conversion price per share was less than the fair value of the underlying Common Stock and, as a result, the Company determined that there was a beneficial conversion feature on that date. Accordingly, the Company recognized the resulting beneficial conversion feature amount of $39.5 million as a deemed dividend, equal to the number of common shares into which the Series C Preferred Stock is convertible multiplied by the difference between the fair value of the Common Stock and the effective conversion price per share on that date. Because the Series C Preferred Stock does not have a stated conversion date and was immediately convertible at the issuance date, the dividend is reflected as a one-time, non-cash, deemed dividend to the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock on the date of issuance.

Additionally, the Company determined that the nature of the Series C Preferred Stock is more akin to an equity instrument and that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded conversion options are clearly and closely related to the Series C Preferred Stock. As such, the conversion options were not required to be bifurcated from the host under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging.

Since the paid-in-kind dividends are nondiscretionary, the Company measures the beneficial conversion feature in the paid-in-kind dividend on the issuance date of the preferred stock and records such amount when the paid-in-kind dividend are accrued. Accordingly, the associated paid-in-kind dividends for the year ended December 31, 2020 generated a beneficial conversion feature amount of $0.3 million. On February 5, 2021, the Company received a waiver and conversion notice from Blackstone Freeze Parent L.P. and Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Fund – FD L.P. and converted an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock (see “—Blackstone Conversion” below for additional information).

Redemption Rights. The Company may redeem the Series C Preferred Stock for cash, as follows:

(1) At any time beginning five years after the Closing Date (but prior to six years after the Closing Date), all of the Series C Preferred Stock at a price equal to 105% of the purchase price paid plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

(ii) At any time beginning six years after the Closing Date, all of the Series C Preferred Stock at a price equal to 100% of the purchase price paid plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.

Within 6 months of the Closing Date, the Company also had the right to redeem up to 50,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock at a price equal to 125% of the purchase price paid plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, which the Company waived (see “—Blackstone Conversion” below for additional information).

Upon a “Fundamental Change” (involving a change of control or de-listing of the Company as further described in the Certificate of Designation), each Holder has the right to require the Company to redeem all or any part of the Holder’s Series C Preferred Stock for an amount equal to the Liquidation Preference plus any accrued and unpaid dividends.  If the Company does not have sufficient funds legally available to pay the repurchase price, then the Company is required to (a) pay the maximum amount of the repurchase price that can be paid out of funds legally available for payment, and (b) purchase any shares of the Series C Preferred Stock not purchased because of the foregoing limitations at the repurchase price as soon as practicable after the Company is able to make such purchase out of assets legally available for the purchase of such shares. If the Company fails to pay the repurchase price in full when due, then the Company will pay dividends on such shares not repurchased at a rate of 5.5% per annum until such shares are repurchased, payable quarterly in arrears.

The Company evaluated the Series C Preferred Stock for liability or equity classification under the applicable accounting guidance including ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and determined that equity treatment was appropriate because the Series C Preferred Stock did not meet the definition of the liability instruments defined thereunder for convertible instruments. Specifically, the convertible preferred shares are not mandatorily redeemable and do not embody an obligation to buy back the shares outside of the Company’s control in a manner that could require the transfer of assets. Additionally, the Company determined that the Series C Preferred Stock would be recorded as permanent equity given that they are not redeemable for cash or other assets (i) on a fixed or determinable date, (ii) at the option of the holder, or (iii) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within control of the Company.

The Company also evaluated the embedded put and call options within the Series C Preferred Stock in accordance with the accounting guidance for derivatives to determine if bifurcation is required.  The Company determined that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded put and call options are not clearly and closely related to the Series C Preferred Stock. Therefore, the Company assessed the put and call options further and determined they did not meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815.

Under the same analysis, the Company determined that the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded participating dividend feature are considered clearly and closely related to the equity host. Accordingly, the participating dividend feature is not required to be bifurcated under ASC 815. Also, the Company determined that the value of the contingent dividend feature is minimal and insignificant relative to the other components of the Series C Preferred Stock due to the circumstances surrounding the scenarios under which the provision would be triggered.

Voting Rights. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock are generally entitled to vote with the holders of the shares of Common Stock on an as-converted basis, subject to certain Nasdaq voting limitations, if applicable. Also, the consent of the Holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Series C Preferred Stock is required with respect to (i) amendments to the Company’s organizational documents that have an adverse effect on the Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock, and (ii) issuances by the Company of securities that are senior to, or equal in priority with, the Series C Preferred Stock. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock have the right to nominate for election one member to the board of directors of the Company for so long as they hold 66.67% of the Series C Preferred Stock issued to them at the Closing Date.

Registration Rights. Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock have certain customary registration rights with respect to the Series C Preferred Stock and the shares of common stock into which they are converted, pursuant to the terms of a registration rights agreement. The Company is required to file within 90 days of the Closing Date, and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause to go effective as promptly as practicable, a registration statement covering the sale or distribution of Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock.   In December 2020, the Company filed an automatic shelf registration statement to register the resale of the Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock.

Blackstone Conversion

On February 5, 2021, the Company received a waiver and conversion notice from Blackstone Freeze Parent L.P. and Blackstone Tactical Opportunities Fund – FD L.P. to convert an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company’s Series C Preferred Stock. Pursuant to the terms of the waiver and conversion notice, the Company also agreed to waive its right under the certificate of designations of the Series C Preferred Stock to redeem up to 50,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock prior to the 180-day anniversary of October 1, 2020, the issue date of the Series C Preferred Stock. Each share of Series C Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends and is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a conversion price of $38.6152 per share. The forgoing conversion, effective as of February 5, 2021, resulted in the issuance of an aggregate of 1,312,860 shares of Common Stock and $1.8 million in expenses.

Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance

As of March 31, 2021, approximately 18.2 million shares of common stock were issuable upon conversion or exercise of rights granted under prior financing arrangements, stock options, RSU’s and the conversion of senior notes and series C Preferred stock, as follows:

Exercise of stock options	7,793,769
Vesting of restricted stock units	304,157
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock	5,283,411
Conversion of convertible senior notes	4,810,002
Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuances	18,191,339

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 14. Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options

We have five stock incentive plans: the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan”), the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”), the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”), the 2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”), and the 2018 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), (collectively, the “Plans”). The 2002 Plan, the 2009 Plan, the 2011 Plan and the 2015 Plan (the “Prior Plans”) have been superseded by the 2018 Plan. In May 2018, the stockholders approved the 2018 Plan for issuances up to an aggregate of 3,730,179 shares. The Prior Plans will remain in effect until all awards granted under such Prior Plans have been exercised, forfeited, cancelled, or have otherwise expired or terminated in accordance with the terms of such awards, but no awards will be made pursuant to the Prior Plans after the effectiveness of the 2018 Plan. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had 190,181 shares available for future awards under the 2018 Plan.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we granted stock options at exercise prices equal to the quoted market price of our common stock on the grant date. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using Black-Scholes with the following weighted average assumptions:

Expected life (years)	3.5 – 6.1
Risk-free interest rate	0.5% - 0.9	%
Volatility	64.4% - 80.8	%
Dividend yield	0	%

The expected option life assumption is estimated based on the simplified method. Accordingly, the Company has utilized the average of the contractual term of the options and the weighted average vesting period for all options to calculate the expected option term. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of our employee stock options. The expected volatility is based on the average of the historical volatility and the implied volatility of our stock commensurate with the expected life of the stock-based award. We do not anticipate paying dividends on the common stock in the foreseeable future.

We recognize stock-based compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that ultimately vest.

Total stock-based compensation expense related to all of our share-based payment awards is comprised of the following:

	Three months ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Cost of revenues	$	239	$	69
Selling, general and administrative		2,505		1,443
Engineering and development		246		108
	$	2,990	$	1,620

A summary of stock option activity is as follows:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Shares	Price/Share		Term (Years)	Value (1)
Outstanding — December 31, 2020	7,554,305	$	10.29
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $32.66 per share)	435,298		55.74
Exercised	(187,486)		8.46
Forfeited	(8,348)		16.48
Outstanding — March 31, 2021	7,793,769	$	12.86	6.4	$	306,822
Vested (exercisable) — March 31, 2021	5,904,443	$	7.76	5.8	$	261,287
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable)	1,889,326	$	28.82	7.9	$	40,001

(1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing market price of our common stock on March 31, 2021, which was $52.01 per share.

Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $9.4 million.

As of March 31, 2021, there was unrecognized compensation expense of $32.5 million related to unvested stock options, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 3.4 years.

Restricted stock units

A summary of our restricted stock unit activity is as follows:

		Weighted Average
	Number of Restricted	Fair Value per
	Stock Units	Share
Outstanding – December 31, 2020	—	$	—
Granted	304,157		53.94
Share issuance	—		—
Outstanding March 31, 2021	304,157	$	53.94

For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we recorded stock-based compensation expense on our issued restricted stock units of $0.3 million and $0, respectively.  As of March 31, 2021 there was unrecognized compensation expense of $16.1 million related to unvested restricted stock units, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 4.0 years.

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Subsequent Event

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

Note 15. Subsequent Event

Effective April 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Critical Transport Solutions Australia Pty Ltd. (“CTSA”) a market leader in providing premium healthcare logistics management services, specializing in time and temperature critical solutions for the medical and pharmaceutical industries based in Australia, for approximately $5.0 million.

The agreement includes an earnout provision which is (a) subject to and dependent on the Company achieving a 2024 EBITDA, as defined; and (b) is subject to certain employment requirements through December 31, 2024.  CTSA will be a part of the Company’s CRYOPDP business unit and will continue to be run by the current management team.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cryoport, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cryoport Systems, LLC, Cryogene, Inc., MVE Biological Solutions US LLC, and Cryoport Netherlands B.V. and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Our cash and cash equivalents represent demand deposits, and money market funds which are readily convertible into cash, have maturities of 90 days or less when purchased and are considered highly liquid and easily tradeable.

Short-Term Investments

Short-Term Investments

Our investments in equity securities consist of mutual funds with readily determinable fair values which are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

Investments in debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Gains and losses are recognized when realized. When we have determined that an other than temporary decline in fair value has occurred, the amount related to a credit loss is recognized in earnings. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method.

Short-term investments are classified as current assets even though maturities may extend beyond one year because they represent investments of cash available for operations.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from estimated amounts. The Company’s significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, fair value of short-term investments, valuations and purchase price allocations related to business combinations, expected future cash flows including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets, estimated fair values of intangible assets and goodwill, intangible asset useful lives and amortization methods, allowance for inventory obsolescence, equity-based instruments, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance.

Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Future events, including the extent and the duration of the COVID-19 related economic impacts, and their effects cannot be predicted with certainty, and, accordingly the Company’s accounting estimates require the exercise of judgment.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, finance lease liabilities, note payable, and the Company’s 3.00% convertible senior notes due in 2025 (the “Senior Notes”). The carrying value for all such instruments, except finance lease liabilities, note payable and the Senior Notes, approximates fair value at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of finance lease liabilities approximates fair value because the interest rate approximates market rates available to us for similar obligations with the same maturities. For additional information related to fair value measurements, including the note payable and the Senior Notes, see Notes 9 and 10.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. From time to time, we maintain cash, cash equivalent and short-term investment balances in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”).  Primarily all of our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at March 31, 2021 were in excess of amounts insured by the FDIC and SIPC.  The Company performs ongoing evaluations of these institutions to limit its concentration risk exposure.  We manage such risks in our portfolio by investing in highly liquid, highly-rated instruments, and limit investing in long-term maturity instruments.

Our investment policy requires that purchased instruments in marketable securities may only be in highly-rated instruments, which are primarily U.S. Treasury bills or treasury-backed securities, and also limits our investment in securities of any single issuer.

Customers

Customers

The Company grants credit to customers within the U.S. and international customers and does not require collateral. Revenues from international customers are generally secured by advance payments except for established foreign customers. The Company generally requires advance or credit card payments for initial revenues from new customers. The Company’s ability to collect receivables can be affected by economic fluctuations in the geographic areas and industries served by the Company. Reserves for uncollectible amounts are provided based on past experience and a specific analysis of the accounts, which management believes to be sufficient. Accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 are net of reserves for doubtful accounts of $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Although the Company expects to collect amounts due, actual collections may differ from the estimated amounts. The Company maintains reserves for bad debt and such losses, in the aggregate, historically have not exceeded its estimates.

The Company’s customers are in the biopharma, pharmaceutical, animal health, reproductive medicine and other life science industries. Consequently, there is a concentration of accounts receivable within these industries, which is subject to normal credit risk. At March 31, 2021, there was one customer that accounted for 10.5% of net accounts receivable. At December 31, 2020, there were no customers that accounted for more than 10% of net accounts receivable. There were no other single customers that owed us more than 10% of net accounts receivable at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

The Company has revenue from foreign customers primarily in United Kingdom, Switzerland, France, Netherlands, Singapore, China and India. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had revenues from foreign customers of approximately $25.5 million and $2.1 million, respectively, which constituted approximately 48.0% and 21.4%, respectively, of total revenues. There was one customer that accounted for 12.5% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021. There were three customers that accounted for 17.9%, 16.7% and 10.8% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2020, respectively. No other single customer generated over 10% of revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. Inventories are reviewed periodically for slow-moving or obsolete status. The Company writes down the carrying value of its inventories to reflect situations in which the cost of inventories is not expected to be recovered. Once established, write-downs of inventories are considered permanent adjustments to the cost basis of the obsolete or excess inventories. Raw materials and finished goods include material costs less reserves for obsolete or excess inventories. The Company evaluates the current level of inventories considering historical trends and other factors, such as selling prices and costs of completion, disposal and transportation, and based on the evaluation, records adjustments to reflect inventories at net realizable value. These adjustments are estimates, which could vary significantly from actual results if future economic conditions, customer demand, competition or other relevant factors differ from expectations. These estimates require us to make assessments about future demand for the Company’s products in order to categorize the status of such inventories items as slow-moving, obsolete or in excess-of-need. These estimates are subject to the ongoing accuracy of the Company’s forecasts of market conditions, industry trends, competition and other factors.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation.  We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which is generally three to twelve years for computer hardware and software, seven to ten years for freezers, four to ten years for trucks and autos, three to fifteen years for furniture and equipment and over the shorter of the lease term or useful live of the assets for leasehold improvements. Buildings are depreciated over a useful life ranging from 20 to 45 years. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Betterments, renewals and extraordinary repairs that extend the lives of the assets are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization applicable to assets retired are removed from the accounts, and the gain or loss on disposition is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

Leases

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term, and operating lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating leases are included in ROU assets, current operating lease liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, current finance lease liabilities, and long-term finance lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

Lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date calculated using our incremental borrowing rate applicable to the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. ROU assets also include any lease payments made at or before lease commencement and exclude any lease incentives received. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recognized on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s leases do not contain any residual value guarantees. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company accounts for lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all its leases.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations

Total consideration transferred for acquisitions is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the dates of acquisition. This purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions primarily with respect to intangible assets. The fair value of identifiable intangible assets is based on detailed valuations that use information and assumptions determined by management. Any excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, the Company’s estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company records adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill.

Goodwill

Goodwill

The Company evaluates goodwill on an annual basis in the fourth quarter or more frequently if management believes indicators of impairment exist. Such indicators could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. The Company compares the fair value of the reporting unit’s with its carrying amount and then recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting units fair value up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company assessed  triggering events indicating potential goodwill impairment, including the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and after assessment, concluded that there was no impairment during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are comprised of patents, trademarks, software development costs and the intangible assets acquired in the MVE, CRYOPDP and Cryogene acquisitions which include a non-compete agreement, technology, customer relationships, trade name/trademark, agent network, order backlog, developed technology and land use rights. The Company capitalizes costs of obtaining patents and trademarks, which are amortized, using the straight-line method over their estimated useful life of five years once the patent or trademark has been issued. The non-compete agreement, technology, customer relationships, trade name/trademark, agent network, order backlog, developed technology and land use rights, acquired in the MVE, CRYOPDP and Cryogene acquisitions are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (see Note 8). The Company uses the following valuation methodologies to value the significant intangible assets acquired: income approach for customer relationships, replacement cost for agent network and software, and relief from royalty for trade name/trademarks and developed technology.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an intangible asset's carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant decrease in the market value of an asset, (2) a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, or (3) an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition of an asset. The Company measures the carrying amount of the asset against the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with it. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value of the asset being evaluated, an impairment loss would be recognized. The impairment loss would be calculated as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value. The estimate of fair value is based on various valuation techniques, including the discounted value of estimated future cash flows. The evaluation of asset impairment requires the Company to make assumptions about future cash flows over the life of the asset being evaluated. These assumptions require significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts. There was no impairment of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Other Long-lived Assets

Other Long-lived Assets

If indicators of impairment exist, we assess the recoverability of the affected long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets can be recovered through undiscounted future operating cash flows. If impairment is indicated, we measure the amount of such impairment by comparing the fair value to the carrying value. We believe the future cash flows to be received from the long-lived assets will exceed the assets’ carrying value, and accordingly, we have not recognized any impairment losses through March 31, 2021.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs represent costs incurred in connection with the issuance of debt instruments and equity financings. Deferred financing costs related to the issuance of debt are amortized over the term of the financing instrument using the effective interest method and are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as an offset against the related debt. Offering costs from equity financings are netted against the gross proceeds received from the equity financings.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provision of ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, or ASC 740. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were no material unrecognized tax benefits included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets that would, if recognized, affect the effective tax rate.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided for certain deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize tax assets through future operations. Based on the weight of available evidence, the Company’s management has determined that it is not more likely than not that the U.S. based net deferred tax assets will be realized. Therefore, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its U.S. based net deferred tax assets. With respect to the foreign based deferred tax assets, the Company's management has reviewed these deferred tax assets on a jurisdictional basis. Based on the weight of each jurisdiction's evidence available, the Company's management has made separate determinations for each foreign jurisdiction regarding whether it is more likely than not that a net deferred tax asset within a particular jurisdiction will be realized. The Company has recorded full valuation allowances in jurisdictions where deferred tax assets are not deemed more likely than not to be realized.

Additionally, the Company maintains a deferred tax liability related to indefinite-lived assets that have been netted against deferred tax assets that also allow for indefinite carryforward periods subject to limitations.  The remaining taxable temporary difference cannot serve as a source for future taxable income to realize federal net operating losses, due to the fact that post-2017 federal net operating losses are only eligible to offset 80% of income in a given year or in the case of state net operating losses, the state net operating losses will expire prior to the reversal of the taxable temporary difference.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company has immaterial accruals for interest or penalties on its consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and has recorded only immaterial interest and/or penalties in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., various state jurisdictions and in various foreign countries. As of March 31, 2021, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations for years before 2017 and for California franchise and income tax examinations for years before 2016. However, to the extent allowed by law, the taxing authorities may have the right to examine prior periods where net operating losses were generated and carried forward and make adjustments up to the amount of the net operating loss carry forward amount. The Company is not currently under examination by U.S. federal or state jurisdictions. Our foreign subsidiaries are generally subject to examination three years following the year in which the tax obligation originated.  The years subject to audit may be extended if the entity substantially understates corporate income tax. The Company's subsidiary in India is currently under examination by the Indian tax authorities for 2012-2013, 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 tax periods. Other than India, the Company does not have any foreign subsidiaries currently under audit by their local taxing authorities.

In December of 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740) Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The Board issued this Update as part of its Simplification Initiative to improve areas of U.S. GAAP and reduce cost and complexity while maintaining usefulness. The main provision that impacts the company is the removal of the exception to the incremental approach of intra-period tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or gain from other items (for example, discontinued operations and other comprehensive income). ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 31, 2020. Different components of the guidance require retrospective, modified retrospective or prospective adoption. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2020, and the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). The Cares Act is an emergency economic stimulus package that includes spending and tax breaks to strengthen the United States economy and fund a nationwide effort to curtail the effect of COVID-19. The CARES Act provides sweeping tax changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the more significant provisions are removal of certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses, increasing the loss carryback period for certain losses to five years, and increasing the ability to deduct interest expense, as well as amending certain provisions of the previously enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. At March 31, 2021, the Company has not recorded any income tax provision/(benefit) resulting from the CARES Act mainly due the Company’s history of net operating losses generated and the maintenance of a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.  

On June 29, 2020, the State of California passed Assembly Bill 85 which suspends the California net operating loss deduction for the 2020-2022 tax years and the R&D credit usage for the same period (for credit usages in excess of $5 million). These suspensions were considered in preparation of the March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 financial statements.

On December 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 (“CAA”).  The CAA includes provisions extending certain CARES Act provisions and adds coronavirus relief, tax and health extenders. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the CAA and its impact on our financial statements in 2021 and beyond.

On March 11, 2021, the United States enacted the American Rescue Plan (“ARP”). The ARP includes provisions extending certain CARES Act provisions, repeals a worldwide interest allocation election, modifies the $1 million executive compensation limitation for years after 2026 and extends the employee retention credit. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of the ARP and its impact on our financial statements in 2021 and beyond.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized when control is transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods and services. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps: (i) identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognition of revenue when or as a performance obligation is satisfied.

Performance Obligations

At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. Revenue is recognized when our performance obligation has been met. The Company considers control to have transferred upon delivery because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the Company has transferred use of the asset, and the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from, the asset.

For arrangements under which the Company provides biological specimen storage services and logistics support and management to the customer, the Company satisfies its performance obligations as those services are performed whereby the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of such services under the agreement.

Revenue generated from short-term logistics and engineering consulting services provided to customers is recognized when the Company satisfies the contractually defined performance obligations. When a contract includes multiple performance obligations, the contract price is allocated among the performance obligations based upon the stand-alone selling prices. Approved contract modifications are accounted for as either a separate contract or as part of the existing contract depending on the nature of the modification.

Our performance obligations on our orders and under the terms of agreements with customers are generally satisfied within one year from a given reporting date and, therefore, we omit disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations on open orders.

Shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers are accounted for as costs to fulfill our promise to transfer the associated products pursuant to the accounting policy election allowed under Topic 606 and are not considered a separate performance obligation to our customers. Accordingly, the Company records amounts billed for shipping and handling as a component of revenue. Shipping and handling fees and costs are included in cost of revenues in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Revenues are recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental agencies.

Significant Payment Terms

Pursuant to the Company’s contracts with its customers, amounts billed for services or products delivered by the Company are generally due and payable in full within 15  to 60 days from the date of the invoice (except for any amounts disputed by the customer in good faith). Accordingly, the Company determined that its contracts with customers do not include extended payment terms or a significant financing component.

Variable Consideration

When a contract includes variable consideration, the Company evaluates the estimate of the variable consideration to determine whether the estimate needs to be constrained. Variable consideration is estimated at the most likely amount that is expected to be earned.

Estimated amounts are included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of the anticipated performance and all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available. Variable consideration estimates are updated at each reporting date. Revenues are recorded net of variable consideration, such as discounts and allowances.

Warranties

The Company provides product warranties with varying terms and durations for some of its products. The Company estimates product warranty costs and accrues for these costs as products are sold with a charge to cost of sales. Factors considered in estimating warranty costs include historical and projected warranty claims, historical and projected cost-per-claim, and knowledge of specific product issues that are outside of typical experience. Warranty accruals are evaluated and adjusted as necessary based on actual claims experience and changes in future claim and cost estimates.

Product warranty accrued liabilities totaled $0.2 million and $0.2 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and are included in accounts payable and other accrued expenses. Warranty expense was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Incremental Direct Costs

Incremental direct costs are expensed when incurred when the amortization period of the asset that would have been recognized is one year or less; otherwise, incremental contract costs are recognized as an asset and amortized over time as promised goods and services are transferred to a customer. Incremental direct costs were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

The Company expenses incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract (sales commissions) when incurred because the amortization period is generally 12 months or less. The Company does not incur costs to fulfill a customer contract that meet the requirements for capitalization.

Contract Assets

Typically, we invoice the customer and recognize revenue once we have satisfied our performance obligation. Accordingly, our contract assets comprise accounts receivable, which are recognized when payment is unconditional and only the passage of time is required before payment is due. Generally, we do not have material amounts of other contract assets since revenue is recognized as control of goods is transferred or as services are performed.

Contract Liabilities (Deferred Revenue)

Contract liabilities are recorded when cash payments are received in advance of the Company’s performance. Deferred revenue was $0.5 million and $0.3 million at March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company recognized revenues of $0.2 million from the related contact liabilities outstanding as the services were performed.

Nature of Goods and Services

The Company provides Cryoport Express^® Shippers to its customers and charges a fee in exchange for the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper under long-term master service agreements with customers. The Company’s arrangements convey to the customers the right to use the Cryoport Express^® Shippers over a period of time. The Company retains title to the Cryoport Express^® Shippers and provides its customers the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper for a specified shipping cycle. At the culmination of the customer’s shipping cycle, the Cryoport Express^® Shipper is returned to the Company.

The Company recognizes revenue for the use of the Cryoport Express^® Shippers at the time of the delivery of the Cryoport Express^® Shipper to the end user of the enclosed materials, and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides vacuum insulated aluminum dewars and cryogenic freezers systems to its customers. Revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies performance obligations by transferring the equipment to a customer, and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides global temperature-controlled logistics services, support and management. Revenue is recognized for these services as services are rendered and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides comprehensive and integrated temperature-controlled biostorage solutions to customers in the life sciences industry and charges a fee under long-term master service agreements with customers. These services include (1) biological specimen cryopreservation storage and maintenance, (2) archiving, monitoring, tracking, receipt and delivery of samples, (3) transport of frozen biological specimens to and from customer locations, and (4) management of incoming and outgoing biological specimens. The Company recognizes revenue for its biostorage solutions as services are rendered over time and at the time that collectability is probable.

The Company also provides short-term logistics and engineering consulting services to some customers, with fees tied to the completion of contractually defined services. We recognize revenue from these services over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of these services as they are performed.

A significant portion of our revenues are covered under long-term agreements. We have determined that individual Statements of Work or Scope of Work (“SOW”), whose terms and conditions taken with a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”), create the Topic 606 contracts which are generally short-term in nature (e.g., 15-day shipping cycle) for the Cryoport Express^® solutions and up to 12 months for biostorage solutions. Our agreements (including SOWs) generally do not have multiple performance obligations and, therefore, do not require an allocation of a single price amongst multiple goods or services.  Prices under these agreements are generally fixed.

Revenue Disaggregation

The Company views its operations, makes decisions regarding how to allocate resources and manages its business as one reportable segment and one reporting unit. As a result, the financial information disclosed herein represents all of the material financial information related to the Company. When disaggregating revenue, the Company considered all of the economic factors that may affect its revenues. We consider sales disaggregated by end-market to depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are impacted by changes in economic factors. The following table disaggregates our revenues by major markets for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Biopharma/Pharma	$	42,393	$	8,786
Animal Health		8,997		225
Reproductive Medicine		1,894		763
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Given that the Company’s revenues are generated in different geographic regions, factors such as regulatory and geopolitical factors within those regions could impact the nature, timing and uncertainty of the Company’s revenues and cash flows. Our geographical revenues, by origin, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Americas	$	27,734	$	7,685
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA)		14,208		1,932
Asia Pacific (APAC)		11,342		157
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Cost of Services Revenues

Our cost of services revenues is primarily comprised of freight charges, payroll and associated expenses related to our global logistics and supply chain centers, depreciation expenses of our Cryoport Express^® Shippers and supplies and consumables used for our solutions.

Cost of Product Revenues

Our cost of product revenues is primarily comprised of materials, direct and indirect labor, inbound freight charges, purchasing and receiving, inspection, and distribution and warehousing of inventory. In addition, shop supplies, facility maintenance costs and depreciation expense for assets used in the manufacturing process are included in cost of product revenues.

Engineering and Development Expenses

Engineering and Development Expenses

Expenditures relating to engineering and development are expensed in the period incurred to engineering and development expense in the statement of operations.

Acquisition Costs

Acquisition Costs

Acquisition costs consist of legal, accounting, third-party valuations, and other due diligence costs related to our MVE Biological Solutions and CRYOPDP acquisitions.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Under our stockholder approved stock-based compensation plan, we have granted incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options and restricted stock units that vest over four years.  Incentive and non-qualified stock options expire from seven to ten years from date of grant. The Company accounts for stock-based payments in accordance with stock-based payment accounting guidance which requires all stock-based payments to be recognized based upon their fair values. The fair value of stock options is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model (“Black-Scholes”) and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period.  The determination of fair value using Black-Scholes is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and expected term. The Company accounts for forfeitures of unvested awards as they occur.

The grant date fair value per share for restricted stock units is based upon the closing market price of our common stock on the award grant date.

The Company’s stock-based compensation plans are discussed further in Note 14.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

We calculate basic and diluted net loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. In periods of a net loss position, basic and diluted weighted average common shares are the same. For the diluted earnings per share calculation, we adjust the weighted average number of common shares outstanding to include dilutive stock options, warrants and shares associated with the conversion of the Senior Notes and convertible preferred stock outstanding during the periods.

The following shows the amounts used in computing net loss per share (in thousands except per share data):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock		(2,196)		—
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(5,723)	$	(3,942)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		43,804,483		37,548,549
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.11)

The following table sets forth the number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021	2020
Stock options	6,149,186	3,867,924
Warrants	—	502,632
Restricted stock units	304,157	—
Series C convertible preferred stock	5,283,411	—
Convertible senior notes	4,810,002	—
	16,546,756	4,370,556

Foreign Currency Transactions

Foreign Currency Transactions

Management has determined that the functional currency of its subsidiaries is the local currency.  Assets and liabilities of the Netherlands and United Kingdom subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rates.  Income and expenses are translated at an average exchange rate for the period and the resulting translation gain (loss) adjustments are accumulated as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.  The translation gain (loss) adjustment totaled $(3.8) million and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Foreign currency gains and losses from transactions denominated in other than respective local currencies are included in earnings.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Reclassification

Prior year amounts in sales and marketing expense have been reclassified to selling, general and administrative expense to conform to the current period presentation, which reflects how the Company tracks operating costs. These reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported net loss.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. Under ASU 2020-06, the embedded conversion features are no longer separated from the host contract for convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or that do not result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. Similarly, equity-classified convertible preferred stock instruments will be accounted for as single units of account in equity unless the conversion feature needs to be bifurcated under Topic 815. The new guidance also made amendments to the earnings per share guidance in Topic 260, Earnings Per Share, for convertible instruments, the most significant impact of which is requiring the use of the if- converted method for diluted earnings per share calculation. Further, ASU 2020-06 made revisions to Topic 815-40, which provides guidance on how an entity must determine whether a contract qualifies for a scope exception from derivative accounting. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the standard requires using either a modified retrospective or a full retrospective approach. Effective January 1, 2021, we early adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. Adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, “Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815.” The new guidance clarifies the interaction of accounting for the transition into and out of the equity method and the accounting for measuring certain purchased options and forward contracts to acquire investments. ASU 2020-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

Accounting Guidance Issued but Not Adopted at March 31, 2021

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." This ASU replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information for credit loss estimates on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. In addition, new disclosures are required. The ASU, as subsequently amended, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC. As a smaller reporting company, we are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Schedule of disaggregation of revenue by major source

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Biopharma/Pharma	$	42,393	$	8,786
Animal Health		8,997		225
Reproductive Medicine		1,894		763
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Schedule of geographical revenues, by origin

Given that the Company’s revenues are generated in different geographic regions, factors such as regulatory and geopolitical factors within those regions could impact the nature, timing and uncertainty of the Company’s revenues and cash flows. Our geographical revenues, by origin, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Americas	$	27,734	$	7,685
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA)		14,208		1,932
Asia Pacific (APAC)		11,342		157
Total revenues	$	53,284	$	9,774

Schedule of net loss per share

The following shows the amounts used in computing net loss per share (in thousands except per share data):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Net loss	$	(3,527)	$	(3,942)
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series C convertible preferred stock		(2,196)		—
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(5,723)	$	(3,942)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		43,804,483		37,548,549
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.13)	$	(0.11)

Schedule of number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share

The following table sets forth the number of shares excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021	2020
Stock options	6,149,186	3,867,924
Warrants	—	502,632
Restricted stock units	304,157	—
Series C convertible preferred stock	5,283,411	—
Convertible senior notes	4,810,002	—
	16,546,756	4,370,556

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Schedule of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Cash	$	23,913	$	25,053
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund		61,581		11,820
Total cash and cash equivalents		85,494		36,873
Short-term investments:
U.S. Treasury notes and bills		234,578		23,309
Mutual funds		33,143		33,135
Total short-term investments		267,721		56,444
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	353,215	$	93,317

Schedule of available-for-sale debt securities

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury notes	$	235,185	$	128	$	(735)	$	234,578
Total available-for-sale investments	$	235,185	$	128	$	(735)	$	234,578

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by type of security at December 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

			Unrealized		Unrealized
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury notes	$	23,179	$	173	$	(43)	$	23,309
Total available-for-sale investments	$	23,179	$	173	$	(43)	$	23,309

Schedule of investments based on stated contractual maturities

The following table summarizes the fair value of available-for-sale investments based on stated contractual maturities as of March 31, 2021:

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	41,030	$	41,058
Due between one and two years		194,155		193,520
Total	$	235,185	$	234,578

The following table summarizes the fair value of available-for-sale investments based on stated contractual maturities as of December 31, 2020:

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due within one year	$	14,084	$	14,111
Due between one and two years		9,095		9,198
Total	$	23,179	$	23,309

Schedule of unrealized gains (losses) on investments

Unrealized gains (losses) during 2021 and 2020 related to equity securities held at March 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

		2021		2020
Net losses recognized during the three months on equity securities	$	(263)	$	(649)
Less: net gains (losses) recognized during the year on equity securities sold during the year		—		(793)
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the three months on equity securities still held at March 31, 2021 and 2020	$	(263)	$	144

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Fair Value Measurements

Schedule of fair value hierarchy

The carrying values of our assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021 and 2020 approximate fair value because of our ability to immediately convert these instruments into cash with minimal expected change in value which are classified in the table below in one of the three categories of the fair value hierarchy described above (in thousands):

	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
March 31, 2021
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	$	61,581	$	—	$	—	$	61,581
Marketable equity securities:
Mutual funds		33,143		—		—		33,143
Available-for-sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury notes		234,578		—		—		234,578
	$	329,302	$	—	$	—	$	329,302

	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
December 31, 2020
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	$	11,820	$	—	$	—	$	11,820
Marketable equity securities:
Mutual funds		33,135		—		—		33,135
Available-for-sale debt securities:
U.S. Treasury notes		23,309		—		—		23,309
	$	68,264	$	—	$	—	$	68,264

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Inventory (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Inventory

Schedule of Inventory

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2021		2020
Raw materials	$	8,318	$	7,544
Work-in-process		307		227
Finished goods		2,919		2,764
	$	11,544	$	10,535

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Schedule of goodwill

The following table represents the changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

		March 31,
		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year		145,282		11,000
Foreign currency adjustment		(1,405)		—
Goodwill related to MVE acquisition		18		—
Goodwill related to CRYOPDP acquisition		(2,590)		—
Total	$	141,305	$	11,000

Schedule of intangible assets

The following table presents our intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

							Weighted
					Net		Average
	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Amortization
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Period (years)
Non-compete agreement	$	390	$	143	$	247	3
Technology		34,438		2,576		31,862	11
Customer relationships		128,640		5,218		123,422	14
Cryogene trade name/trademark		480		59		421	13
CRYOPDP agent network		8,597		1,415		7,182	4
MVE order backlog		2,600		2,600		—	—
MVE land use rights		2,378		36		2,342	37
Patents and trademarks		44,360		569		43,791	—
Total	$	221,883	$	12,616	$	209,267

The following table presents our intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands):

							Weighted
					Net		Average
	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying		Amortization
	Amount		Amortization		Amount		Period (years)
Non-compete agreement	$	390	$	123	$	267	3
Technology		34,245		1,630		32,615	11
Customer relationships		128,640		2,708		125,932	14
Cryogene trade name/trademark		480		51		429	13
CRYOPDP agent network		8,597		537		8,060	4
MVE order backlog		2,600		2,600		—	—
MVE land use rights		2,378		16		2,362	37
Patents and trademarks		44,312		69		44,243	—
Total	$	221,642	$	7,734	$	213,908

Schedule of expected future amortization of intangible assets

Expected future amortization of intangible assets as of March 31, 2021 is as follows:

Years Ending March 31,	Amount
Remainder of 2021	$	10,722
2022		14,296
2023		14,296
2024		13,678
2025		12,064
Thereafter		100,051
	$	165,107

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Convertible Senior Notes (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Convertible Senior Notes

Schedule of components of notes payable

Senior Notes payable consisted of the following at March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2021
Principal amount of Senior Notes	$	115,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(3,464)
Net carrying value of Senior Notes payable	$	111,536

Schedule of interest expenses incurred in connection with the Notes

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
Coupon interest	$	862
Amortization of debt issuance costs		192
Total interest expense on Senior Notes	$	1,054

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Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Leases

Schedule of components of lease cost

The components of lease cost were as follows (in thousands):

	March 31,
	2021		2020
Operating lease cost	$	922	$	290
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets		15		6
Interest on finance lease liabilities		3		2
		18		8
Total lease cost	$	940	$	298

Schedule of other information related to leases

Other information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
Supplemental Cash Flows Information	March 31, 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	851
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	22
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	20
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities (in thousands):
Operating leases	$	2,781
Finance leases	$	—
Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases		6.3 years
Finance leases		2.7 years
Weighted-Average Discount Rate
Operating leases		5.4	%
Finance leases		5.3	%

Schedule of future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases that have commenced as of March 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending March 31	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2021 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2021)	$	1,688	$	45
2022		2,730		58
2023		2,256		61
2024		2,049		—
2025		1,866		—
Thereafter		9,738		—
Total future minimum lease payments		20,327		164
Less imputed interest		(3,823)		(12)
Total	$	16,504	$	152

	Operating		Finance
Reported as of March 31, 2021	Leases		Leases
Current lease liabilities	$	2,002	$	60
Noncurrent lease liabilities		14,502		92
Total	$	16,504	$	152

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Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Stockholders' Equity

Schedule of common stock were issuable upon exercise of stock options and the conversion of convertible senior notes and Series C Preferred stock

As of March 31, 2021, approximately 18.2 million shares of common stock were issuable upon conversion or exercise of rights granted under prior financing arrangements, stock options, RSU’s and the conversion of senior notes and series C Preferred stock, as follows:

Exercise of stock options	7,793,769
Vesting of restricted stock units	304,157
Conversion of Series C Preferred Stock	5,283,411
Conversion of convertible senior notes	4,810,002
Total shares of common stock reserved for future issuances	18,191,339

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Stock-Based Compensation

Schedule of fair value assumptions of stock options

Expected life (years)	3.5 – 6.1
Risk-free interest rate	0.5% - 0.9	%
Volatility	64.4% - 80.8	%
Dividend yield	0	%

Schedule of share-based payment awards

We recognize stock-based compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that ultimately vest.

Total stock-based compensation expense related to all of our share-based payment awards is comprised of the following:

	Three months ended March 31,
	2021		2020
Cost of revenues	$	239	$	69
Selling, general and administrative		2,505		1,443
Engineering and development		246		108
	$	2,990	$	1,620

Schedule of stock option activity

A summary of stock option activity is as follows:

				Weighted-
		Weighted-		Average
		Average		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Shares	Price/Share		Term (Years)	Value (1)
Outstanding — December 31, 2020	7,554,305	$	10.29
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $32.66 per share)	435,298		55.74
Exercised	(187,486)		8.46
Forfeited	(8,348)		16.48
Outstanding — March 31, 2021	7,793,769	$	12.86	6.4	$	306,822
Vested (exercisable) — March 31, 2021	5,904,443	$	7.76	5.8	$	261,287
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable)	1,889,326	$	28.82	7.9	$	40,001

(1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of the option and the closing market price of our common stock on March 31, 2021, which was $52.01 per share.

Schedule of restricted stock unit activity

A summary of our restricted stock unit activity is as follows:

		Weighted Average
	Number of Restricted	Fair Value per
	Stock Units	Share
Outstanding – December 31, 2020	—	$	—
Granted	304,157		53.94
Share issuance	—		—
Outstanding March 31, 2021	304,157	$	53.94

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Nature of the Business (Details) € in Millions, $ in Millions	Oct. 01, 2020 USD ($)	Aug. 24, 2020 USD ($)	Aug. 21, 2020 EUR (€)	Aug. 21, 2020 USD ($)
MVE
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Cash consideration	$ 317.5	$ 320.0
CRYOPDP
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Cash consideration	$ 56.7		€ 49	$ 58.0
Percentage of equity interest agreed to be acquired			100.00%	100.00%

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Disaggregates Our Revenues by Major Source (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020	May 31, 2020
Revenue Recognition [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 53,284	$ 9,774
Interest rate (as a percent)	3.00%		3.00%
Global Logistics Solutions [Member]
Revenue Recognition [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 53,284	9,774
Biopharma/Pharma [Member] | Global Logistics Solutions [Member]
Revenue Recognition [Line Items]
Revenues	42,393	8,786
Animal Health [Member] | Global Logistics Solutions [Member]
Revenue Recognition [Line Items]
Revenues	8,997	225
Reproductive Medicine [Member] | Global Logistics Solutions [Member]
Revenue Recognition [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 1,894	$ 763

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Disaggregation Our Geographical Revenues by Origin (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 53,284	$ 9,774
Americas [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	27,734	7,685
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA) [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	14,208	1,932
Asia Pacific (APAC) [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 11,342	$ 157

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Net loss	$ (3,527)	$ (3,942)
Paid-in-kind preferred stock dividend, including beneficial conversion feature	(2,196)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (5,723)	$ (3,942)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted	43,804,483	37,548,549
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$ (0.13)	$ (0.11)

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Antidilutive Shares (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2020
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	16,546,756	4,370,556
Product warranty accrued liabilities	$ 0.2		$ 0.2
Class C convertible preferred stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	5,283,411
Stock Options [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	6,149,186	3,867,924
Warrants [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount		502,632
Restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	304,157
Convertible Senior Notes [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount	4,810,002

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Details)			3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 11, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 29, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) customer	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) customer	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) customer	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Maturity Period Of Highly Liquid Investments			90 days
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable			$ 1,200,000				$ 1,100,000
Revenues			$ 53,284,000	$ 9,774,000
Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life			5 years
Impairment of intangible assets			$ 0
Material unrecognized Tax Benefits						$ 0	$ 0
Operating Loss Carryforwards, Percent			80.00%
Period over which foreign subsidiaries subject to examination by indian tax authorities			3 years
Amount of maximum allowed research and development credit usage		$ 5,000,000
Charity Care, Reimbursements Received	$ 1,000,000
Omit disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations			true
Contract liabilities			$ 500,000		$ 300,000
Contract with Customer, Liability, Revenue Recognized			$ 200,000
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period			4 years
Foreign Currency Transaction Gain (Loss), before Tax			$ (3,800,000)	$ 0
Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period			7 years
Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period			10 years
Furniture and Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			3 years
Furniture and Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			15 years
Building [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			20 years
Building [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			45 years
Computer Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			3 years
Computer Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			12 years
Freezer (Member) | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			7 years
Freezer (Member) | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			10 years
Truck and Auto (Member) | Minimum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			4 years
Truck and Auto (Member) | Maximum [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life			10 years
Foreign Customers [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage				21.40%
Revenues			$ 25,500,000	$ 2,100,000
Accounts Receivable [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Number Of Customers | customer			1		0
Concentration risk, percentage			10.00%		10.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer One [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			10.50%
Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Number Of Customers | customer			1	3
Concentration risk, percentage			10.00%	10.00%
Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Customer One [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			12.50%	17.90%
Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Customer Two [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage				16.70%
Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Foreign Customers [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			48.00%
Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Customer Three [Member]
Significant Accounting Policies Additional Information [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage				10.80%

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Acquisition of CryoGene Partners - Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation (Details $ in Thousands, € in Millions						3 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 01, 2020 EUR (€)	Aug. 24, 2020 USD ($)	Aug. 21, 2020 USD ($)	Aug. 21, 2020 EUR (€)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Purchase price allocation:
Goodwill						$ 141,305	$ 145,282	$ 11,000	$ 11,000
CRYOPDP
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase consideration paid	$ 57,000	€ 48.3
Purchase price allocation:
Note payable						1,500
Goodwill	25,500					22,600
Working capital						300
Adjustments						2,900
Comprised						1,300
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired, Goodwill, and Liabilities Assumed, Net						56,700
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross	56,700			$ 58,000	€ 49.0
MVE
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase consideration paid	317,500
Purchase price allocation:
Goodwill						$ 106,200
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired, Goodwill, and Liabilities Assumed, Net	57,000
Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross	$ 317,500		$ 320,000

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash	$ 23,913,000	$ 25,053,000
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fund	61,581,000	11,820,000
Total cash and cash equivalents	85,494,000	36,873,000
Short-term investments:
Total short-term investments	267,721,000	56,444,000
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	353,215,000	93,317,000
U.S. Treasury notes and bills [Member]
Short-term investments:
Short-term Investments	234,578	23,309
Mutual Funds [Member]
Short-term investments:
Short-term Investments	$ 33,143	$ 33,135

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Available-for-sale debt securities (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Amortized Cost	$ 235,185,000	$ 23,179
Unrealized Gains	128,000	173
Unrealized Losses	(735,000)	(43)
Fair Value	234,578,000	23,309
U.S. Treasury notes
Amortized Cost	235,185,000	23,179
Unrealized Gains	128,000	173
Unrealized Losses	(735,000)	(43)
Fair Value	$ 234,578,000	$ 23,309

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Contractual Maturities (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
Due within one year, Amortized Cost	$ 41,030,000	$ 14,084
Due between one and two years, Amortized Cost	194,155,000	9,095
Total, Amortized Cost	235,185,000	23,179
Due within one year, Fair Value	41,058,000	14,111
Due between one and two years, Fair Value	193,520,000	9,198
Total, Fair Value	$ 234,578,000	$ 23,309

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
Net losses recognized during the three months on equity securities	$ (263)	$ (649)
Less: net gains (losses) recognized during the year on equity securities sold during the year		(793)
Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the three months on equity securities still held at March 31, 2021 and 2020	$ (263)	$ 144

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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
Losses on available-for-sale investments	$ 40,000
Equity Securities, FV-NI	$ 33,100,000

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 329,302	$ 68,264
Mutual funds
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	33,143	33,135
U.S. Treasury notes
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	234,578	23,309
Money market mutual fund
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	61,581	11,820
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	329,302	68,264
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Mutual funds
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	33,143	33,135
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | U.S. Treasury notes
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	234,578	23,309
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Money market mutual fund
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	61,581	11,820
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Mutual funds
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | U.S. Treasury notes
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Money market mutual fund
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Mutual funds
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | U.S. Treasury notes
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Money market mutual fund
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 0	$ 0

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Fair Value Measurements - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Fair Value Measurements
Convertible Senior notes	$ 108.8

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Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Inventory
Raw materials	$ 8,318	$ 7,544
Work-in-process	307	227
Finished goods	2,919	2,764
Inventory, Net, Total	$ 11,544	10,535
Step up inventory related to acquisition		$ 800

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Gross Amount	$ 221,883	$ 221,642
Accumulated Amortization	12,616	7,734
Future amortization of intangible assets	209,267	213,908
Goodwill	141,305	145,282	$ 11,000	$ 11,000
Cryoport patents and trademarks
Gross Amount	44,360	44,312
Accumulated Amortization	569	69
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 43,791	$ 44,243
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	0 years	0 years
Non-compete agreement
Gross Amount	$ 390	$ 390
Accumulated Amortization	143	123
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 247	$ 267
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	3 years	3 years
Technology
Gross Amount	$ 34,438	$ 34,245
Accumulated Amortization	2,576	1,630
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 31,862	$ 32,615
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	11 years	11 years
Customer relationships
Gross Amount	$ 128,640	$ 128,640
Accumulated Amortization	5,218	2,708
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 123,422	$ 125,932
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	14 years	14 years
Trade name/trademarks
Gross Amount	$ 480	$ 480
Accumulated Amortization	59	51
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 421	$ 429
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	13 years	13 years
Order backlog
Gross Amount	$ 2,600	$ 2,600
Accumulated Amortization	$ 2,600	$ 2,600
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	0 years	0 years
Land use rights
Gross Amount	$ 2,378	$ 2,378
Accumulated Amortization	36	16
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 2,342	$ 2,362
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	37 years	37 years
Agent network
Gross Amount	$ 8,597	$ 8,597
Accumulated Amortization	1,415	537
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 7,182	$ 8,060
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years)	0 years	4 years

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Expected Future Amortization (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Expected future amortization of intangible assets
Remainder of 2021	$ 10,722
2022	14,296
2023	14,296
2024	13,678
2025	12,064
Thereafter	100,051
Future amortization of intangible assets	$ 165,107

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of goodwill (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	$ 145,282
Foreign currency adjustment	(1,405)
Ending Balance	141,305
MVE
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Additions	(18)
Ending Balance	106,200
CRYOPDP
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Additions	(2,590)
Ending Balance	$ 22,600

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill
Amortization expense for intangible assets	$ 3.6	$ 0.1

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Convertible Senior Notes - Components of Convertible notes payable (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Convertible Senior Notes
Principal amount of Senior Notes	$ 115,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(3,464)
Net carrying value of Notes payable	$ 111,536

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Convertible Senior Notes - Interest expenses incurred on Convertible notes payable (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Convertible Senior Notes
Coupon interest	$ 862
Amortization of debt issuance costs	192
Total interest expense on Notes	$ 1,054

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Convertible Senior Notes - Summary of total gross principal payments due under the Convertible notes payable (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Convertible Senior Notes
Notes payable, 2025	$ 115,000
Total Payments	$ 115,000

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Convertible Senior Notes - Additional information (Details)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) item $ / shares shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	$ 115,000,000.0	$ 1,000
Interest rate (as a percent)	3.00%	3.00%
Underwriting discounts and commissions	$ 3,700,000
Common stock issued upon conversion of notes | shares		4,810,002
Conversion rate		130
Interest expense		$ 1,200,000
Initial conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 23.91
Threshold maximum conversion rate		$ 48.10
Threshold trading days for redemption of notes | item		20
Threshold consecutive trading days for redemption of notes | item		30
Debt issuance costs		$ 4,100,000
Long-term Debt, Term		5 years
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage		3.74%
Notes payable, 2025		$ 115,000,000.0
Additional interest rate (as a percent)		25.00%
Threshold maximum combined interest rate (as a percent)		0.50%
Cash payment to each noteholder (as a percent)		3.00%
Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Common stock issued upon conversion of notes | shares		4,810,002
Initial conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 41.8261
Convertible Note [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	3.00%
Private Placement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	$ 15,000,000.0
Proceeds from the offering	111,300,000
Third-party offering related costs	$ 300,000
First 90 days beginning on, and including the date on which such Registration Default occurs
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Additional interest rate (as a percent)		0.25%
After 90 days of the occurrence of Registration Default
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Additional interest rate (as a percent)		0.50%

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Note Payable (Details) € in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) item	Mar. 31, 2021 EUR (€) item	Mar. 31, 2021 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Note payable | $	$ 3,497			$ 4,912
CRYOPDP
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of installment | item	2	2
Note payable	$ 4,900		€ 4,000
Fair market value of debt discount	1,300		1,100
Amortization of debt discount	70	€ 60
CRYOPDP | repaid in 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Note payable	600		500
CRYOPDP | repaid in 2028
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Note payable	$ 4,300		€ 3,500

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Leases - Components Of Lease Cost (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Leases
Operating lease cost	$ 922	$ 290
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	15	6
Interest on finance lease liabilities	3	2
Total finance lease cost	18	8
Total lease cost	$ 940	$ 298

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Leases - Supplemental Cash Flows Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 851
Operating cash flows from finance leases	22
Financing cash flows from finance leases	20
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	$ 2,781
Weighted-Average Remaining Lease Term
Operating leases	6 years 3 months 18 days
Finance leases	2 years 8 months 12 days
Weighted-Average Discount Rate
Operating leases	5.40%
Finance leases	5.30%

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Leases - Payments Under Non-Cancellable Leases (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Operating Leases
2021 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2021)	$ 1,688
2022	2,730
2023	2,256
2024	2,049
2025	1,866
Thereafter	9,738
Total future minimum lease payments	20,327
Less imputed interest	(3,823)
Current lease liabilities	2,002,000	$ 2,231,000
Noncurrent lease liabilities	14,502,000	12,261,000
Total	16,504
Finance Leases
2021 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2021)	45
2022	58
2023	61
2025	0
Total future minimum lease payments	164
Less imputed interest	(12)
Current lease liabilities	60,000	59,000
Noncurrent lease liabilities	92,000	$ 112,000
Total	$ 152

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Leases - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Lessee Option to Extend	5 years
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset	$ 300	$ 300
Finance Lease Right-of-Use Asset Accumulated Depreciation	$ 100	$ 80
Minimum [Member]
Lease Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	1 year
Maximum [Member]
Lease Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	9 years

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Stockholders' Equity - Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance (Details)		3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 shares	Mar. 31, 2021 shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance	18,191,339	18,191,339
Common stock issued upon conversion of notes		4,810,002
Stock Options [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance	7,793,769	7,793,769
Warrants [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued upon conversion of notes	18,200,000
Class C convertible preferred stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance	5,283,411	5,283,411
Restricted stock units
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common Stock Reserved for Future Issuance	304,157	304,157

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Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Details)					3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares	Feb. 05, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Oct. 01, 2020 USD ($) item $ / shares shares	Jun. 24, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) director $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) director shares	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized | shares	100,000,000				100,000,000		100,000,000
Stock Issued During Period, Value, Issued for Services					$ 11,500	$ 20,700
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.001				$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized | shares	2,500,000				2,500,000		2,500,000
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.001		$ 0.001		$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Dividends, paid-in-kind					$ 2,200,000		$ 2,500,000
Deemed dividend			$ 39,500,000
Series C Preferred stock conversion expenses		$ 1,800,000
Proceeds from public offering, net of offering costs					$ 269,825,000	$ 0
Common stock, shares issued | shares	45,693,692				45,693,692		39,837,058
Common stock issued upon conversion of notes | shares					4,810,002
Warrants [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock issued upon conversion of notes | shares	18,200,000
Director [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Issued for Services | shares					229	1,269
Number of Members | director					1	2
Class A convertible preferred stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.001				$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized | shares	800,000				800,000		800,000
Class B convertible preferred stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.001				$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized | shares	585,000				585,000		585,000
Class C convertible preferred stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock issued during period, new issues (in shares) | shares		50,000
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)					4.00%
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.001				$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized | shares	250,000				250,000		250,000
Dividends, paid-in-kind							$ 300,000
Liquidation preference (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 1,000	$ 1,000
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 38.6152
Conversion rate			25.90
Shares to be issued upon conversion | shares			6,474,135
Threshold trading days for conversion of preferred stock			20
Threshold consecutive trading days for conversion of preferred stock			30
Stock price trigger as a percentage of conversion price for conversion of preferred stock			150.00%
Dividend rate on shares not repurchased			5.50%
Number of member to the board of directors who can be elected by the preferred stock holders | item			1
Percentage of stock to be held to exercise the right to nominate member of board of directors			66.67%
Class C convertible preferred stock | Prior to the 180-day anniversary of October 1, 2020
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares to be redeemed | shares		50,000	50,000
Redemption price (as a percent)			125.00%
Class C convertible preferred stock | At any time beginning five years after Closing Date (but prior to six years after the Closing Date)
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Redemption price (as a percent)			105.00%
Class C convertible preferred stock | At any time beginning six years after Closing Date
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Redemption price (as a percent)			100.00%
Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Common stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 0.001
Conversion price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 38.6152
Shares to be issued upon conversion | shares		1,312,860
Private Placement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs			$ 25,000,000.0
Aggregate purchase price			275,000,000.0
Reimbursement of transactional expenses			1,000,000.0
Net proceeds from private placement			265,400,000
Direct and incremental expenses			$ 8,600,000
Private Placement | Class C convertible preferred stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock issued during period, new issues (in shares) | shares			250,000
Preferred stock, dividend rate (as a percent)			4.00%
Preferred stock, par value per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 0.001
Shares issued, price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 1,000
Proceeds from issuance of stock			$ 250,000,000.0
Net proceeds from private placement			$ 28,200,000
Private Placement | Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock issued during period, new issues (in shares) | shares			675,536
Net proceeds from private placement			$ 237,200,000
Underwritten public offering
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Issued for Services | shares				568,181
Stock issued during period, new issues (in shares) | shares				4,356,059
Shares issued, price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares				$ 66.00
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs				$ 269,800,000

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Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions Used to Estimate Fair Value of Stock Options (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	0.50%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	0.90%
Volatility, minimum	64.40%
Volatility, maximum	80.80%
Dividend yield	0.00%
Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected life (years)	3 years 6 months
Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected life (years)	6 years 1 month 6 days

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 2,990	$ 1,620
Cost of revenues
Stock-based compensation expense	239	69
Selling, general and administrative
Stock-based compensation expense	2,505	1,443
Engineering and development
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 246	$ 108

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Option Activity (Details) - Stock Options [Member]	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of Shares
Outstanding - December 31, 2020 | shares	7,554,305
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $32.66 per share) | shares	435,298
Exercised | shares	(187,486)
Forfeited | shares	(8,348)
Outstanding - March 31, 2021 | shares	7,793,769
Vested (exercisable) - March 31, 2021 | shares	5,904,443
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable) | shares	1,889,326
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value	$ 32.66
Weighted-Average Exercise Price/Share
Outstanding - December 31, 2020	10.29
Granted (weighted-average fair value of $32.66 per share)	55.74
Exercised	8.46
Forfeited	16.48
Outstanding - March 31, 2021	12.86
Vested (exercisable) - March 31, 2021	7.76
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable)	$ 28.82
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Outstanding - March 31, 2021	6 years 4 months 24 days
Vested (exercisable) - March 31, 2021	5 years 9 months 18 days
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable)	7 years 10 months 24 days
Aggregated Intrinsic Value
Outstanding - March 31, 2021 | $	$ 306,822
Vested (exercisable) - March 31, 2021 | $	261,287
Expected to vest after March 31, 2021 (unexercisable) | $	$ 40,001

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Stock-Based Compensation - Restricted stock unit (Details) - Restricted stock units	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 $ / shares shares
Number of Restricted Stock Units
Outstanding - December 31, 2020 | shares	0
Granted | shares	304,157
Outstanding March 31, 2021 | shares	304,157
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding - December 31, 2020 | $ / shares	$ 0
Granted | $ / shares	53.94
Outstanding March 31, 2021 | $ / shares	$ 53.94

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Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020	May 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Intrinsic Value	$ 9,400
Share-based Compensation	2,990	$ 1,620
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options	$ 32,500
Weighted average recognition period	3 years 4 months 24 days
Intrinsic value per share	$ 52.01
Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average recognition period	4 years
Share-based Compensation	$ 300	$ 0
Unrecognized compensation expense	$ 16,100
Plan 2018 [Member] | Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total shares available for future grant	190,181		3,730,179

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Subsequent Events (Details) $ in Millions	Apr. 01, 2021 USD ($)
Subsequent Event | CTSA
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Consideration for business acquisition	$ 5.0