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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Income Taxes  
Income Taxes

(4)                   The effective tax rate, based on the company’s operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2013, was 30.6 percent and 30.5 percent, respectively, compared to 33.2 percent and 30.1 percent for the corresponding periods of 2012. The lower effective tax rate for the three month period ended June 30, 2013 was primarily attributable to increased earnings related to noncontrolling interests for joint ventures and partnerships for which taxes are not typically paid by the company.

 

The company conducts business globally and, as a result, the company or one or more of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. Although the company believes its reserves for its tax positions are reasonable, the final outcome of tax audits could be materially different, both favorably and unfavorably. With few exceptions, the company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations for years before 2003.