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Income taxes - Income tax rate (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2018
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Income taxes        
Statutory Federal and Provincial tax rate in Canada   21.00% 21.00% 35.00%
Expected income tax expense (benefit) at statutory rate   $ 16 $ (194) $ (78)
Impact of US Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017       26
Change in statutory tax rates       (1)
Non-deductible expenses   15 6 9
Tax on international operations   (1) (45) (24)
Change in valuation allowance   (108) 96 (93)
Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax   5    
Outside basis difference in assets held for sale   78    
Tax credits   (1) (9) (8)
Non-deductible goodwill impairment     98  
Other   1   1
Income tax expense (benefit)   $ 5 $ (48) $ (168)
Effective income tax rate   6.00% 5.00% 75.00%
US federal corporate tax rate 21.00%     35.00%