﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<InstanceReport xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <Version>2.2.0.7</Version>
  <hasSegments>false</hasSegments>
  <ReportName>Note 19 - Subsequent Events</ReportName>
  <ReportLongName>00918 - Disclosure - Note 19 - Subsequent Events</ReportLongName>
  <DisplayLabelColumn>true</DisplayLabelColumn>
  <ShowElementNames>false</ShowElementNames>
  <RoundingOption />
  <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
  <Columns>
    <Column>
      <LabelColumn>false</LabelColumn>
      <Id>1</Id>
      <Labels>
        <Label Id="1" Label="9 Months Ended" />
        <Label Id="2" Label="Sep. 30, 2010" />
      </Labels>
      <CurrencyCode>USD</CurrencyCode>
      <FootnoteIndexer />
      <hasSegments>false</hasSegments>
      <hasScenarios>false</hasScenarios>
      <Segments />
      <Scenarios />
      <Units>
        <Unit>
          <UnitID>Dollars</UnitID>
          <UnitType>Standard</UnitType>
          <StandardMeasure>
            <MeasureSchema>http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217</MeasureSchema>
            <MeasureValue>USD</MeasureValue>
            <MeasureNamespace>iso4217</MeasureNamespace>
          </StandardMeasure>
          <Scale>0</Scale>
        </Unit>
        <Unit>
          <UnitID>Shares</UnitID>
          <UnitType>Standard</UnitType>
          <StandardMeasure>
            <MeasureSchema>http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance</MeasureSchema>
            <MeasureValue>shares</MeasureValue>
            <MeasureNamespace>xbrli</MeasureNamespace>
          </StandardMeasure>
          <Scale>0</Scale>
        </Unit>
      </Units>
      <CurrencySymbol>$</CurrencySymbol>
    </Column>
  </Columns>
  <Rows>
    <Row>
      <Id>2</Id>
      <Label>Notes to Financial Statements [Abstract]</Label>
      <Level>0</Level>
      <ElementName>pbra_NotesToFinancialStatementsAbstract</ElementName>
      <ElementPrefix>pbra</ElementPrefix>
      <IsBaseElement>false</IsBaseElement>
      <BalanceType>na</BalanceType>
      <PeriodType>duration</PeriodType>
      <ShortDefinition>No definition available.</ShortDefinition>
      <IsReportTitle>false</IsReportTitle>
      <IsSegmentTitle>false</IsSegmentTitle>
      <IsSubReportEnd>false</IsSubReportEnd>
      <IsCalendarTitle>false</IsCalendarTitle>
      <IsTuple>false</IsTuple>
      <IsAbstractGroupTitle>true</IsAbstractGroupTitle>
      <IsEquityPrevioslyReportedAsRow>false</IsEquityPrevioslyReportedAsRow>
      <IsEquityAdjustmentRow>false</IsEquityAdjustmentRow>
      <IsBeginningBalance>false</IsBeginningBalance>
      <IsEndingBalance>false</IsEndingBalance>
      <IsReverseSign>false</IsReverseSign>
      <PreferredLabelRole />
      <IsEPS>false</IsEPS>
      <FootnoteIndexer />
      <Cells>
        <Cell>
          <Id>1</Id>
          <ShowCurrencySymbol>false</ShowCurrencySymbol>
          <IsNumeric>false</IsNumeric>
          <IsRatio>false</IsRatio>
          <DisplayZeroAsNone>false</DisplayZeroAsNone>
          <NumericAmount>0</NumericAmount>
          <RoundedNumericAmount>0</RoundedNumericAmount>
          <NonNumbericText />
          <NonNumericTextHeader />
          <FootnoteIndexer />
          <hasSegments>false</hasSegments>
          <hasScenarios>false</hasScenarios>
          <DisplayDateInUSFormat>false</DisplayDateInUSFormat>
        </Cell>
      </Cells>
      <OriginalInstanceReportColumns />
      <ElementDataType>xbrli:stringItemType</ElementDataType>
      <SimpleDataType>string</SimpleDataType>
      <ElementDefenition>No definition available.</ElementDefenition>
      <IsTotalLabel>false</IsTotalLabel>
    </Row>
    <Row>
      <Id>3</Id>
      <Label>Note 19 - Subsequent Events</Label>
      <Level>1</Level>
      <ElementName>us-gaap_ScheduleOfSubsequentEventsTextBlock</ElementName>
      <ElementPrefix>us-gaap</ElementPrefix>
      <IsBaseElement>true</IsBaseElement>
      <BalanceType>na</BalanceType>
      <PeriodType>duration</PeriodType>
      <ShortDefinition>No definition available.</ShortDefinition>
      <IsReportTitle>false</IsReportTitle>
      <IsSegmentTitle>false</IsSegmentTitle>
      <IsSubReportEnd>false</IsSubReportEnd>
      <IsCalendarTitle>false</IsCalendarTitle>
      <IsTuple>false</IsTuple>
      <IsAbstractGroupTitle>false</IsAbstractGroupTitle>
      <IsEquityPrevioslyReportedAsRow>false</IsEquityPrevioslyReportedAsRow>
      <IsEquityAdjustmentRow>false</IsEquityAdjustmentRow>
      <IsBeginningBalance>false</IsBeginningBalance>
      <IsEndingBalance>false</IsEndingBalance>
      <IsReverseSign>false</IsReverseSign>
      <PreferredLabelRole />
      <IsEPS>false</IsEPS>
      <FootnoteIndexer />
      <Cells>
        <Cell>
          <Id>1</Id>
          <ShowCurrencySymbol>false</ShowCurrencySymbol>
          <IsNumeric>false</IsNumeric>
          <IsRatio>false</IsRatio>
          <DisplayZeroAsNone>false</DisplayZeroAsNone>
          <NumericAmount>0</NumericAmount>
          <RoundedNumericAmount>0</RoundedNumericAmount>
          <NonNumbericText>&lt;div style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0%; PADDING-LEFT: 0%; WIDTH: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;19. Petroleum Exploration Rights &amp;#150; Onerous Assignment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;a) Accounting treatment of Assignment Agreement (&amp;#147;Cess&amp;#227;o Onerosa&amp;#148;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;On September 3, 2010, Petrobras entered into an agreement with the Brazilian federal government (Assignment Agreement), under which the government assigned to the Company the right to conduct research activities and the exploration and production of fluid hydrocarbons in specified pre-salt areas, subject to a maximum production of five billion barrels of oil equivalent.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;The Assignment Agreement was approved by our Board of Directors and our minority shareholders, following a valuation procedure based on, among other factors, an assessment prepared by independent third party experts.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;The total purchase price of the rights acquired under the Assignment Agreement was US$43,868. It was paid to the Federal Government through funds obtained by the global offering of shares of the Company (see Note 14), US$39,768 through the transfer of Brazilian Treasury Securities and the remaining US$4,100 in cash.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;In accordance with ASC 932 &amp;#147;Extractive Activities &amp;#151;Oil and Gas&amp;#148;, the rights acquired by the Company were recognized as Property Plant &amp;amp; Equipment (long-term asset) as acquisition costs. The acquisition cost will be depreciated based on the unit-of-production method during the period of production of the related reserves and will also be subject to the impairment test. After the production of all the volumes that we were entitled, the acquisition costs will be completely depreciated.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;The Assignment Agreement provides for a subsequent revision of the volume and the price, based on an independent third party assessment. If the contract parties determine that the value of the rights we acquired is higher than the initial purchase price, we may either pay the difference to the Brazilian federal government, in which case we expect we will recognize the difference as Property Plant &amp;amp; Equipment (long-term asset), or reduce the total volume acquired under the contract, in which case there would be no impact on our balance sheet. If the contract parties determine that the value of the rights we acquired is lower than the initial purchase price, the Brazilian federal government will pay us for the difference and we expect we would reduce the amount originally recorded as&lt;/font&gt; &lt;font size="2"&gt;Property Plant &amp;amp; Equipment (long-term asset) by the amount received from the Brazilian federal government.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0%; PADDING-LEFT: 0%; WIDTH: 100%"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</NonNumbericText>
          <NonNumericTextHeader>19. Petroleum Exploration Rights &amp;#150; Onerous Assignment
  a) Accounting treatment of Assignment Agreement (&amp;#147;Cess&amp;#227;o Onerosa&amp;#148;)
  On September</NonNumericTextHeader>
          <FootnoteIndexer />
          <hasSegments>false</hasSegments>
          <hasScenarios>false</hasScenarios>
          <DisplayDateInUSFormat>false</DisplayDateInUSFormat>
        </Cell>
      </Cells>
      <OriginalInstanceReportColumns />
      <ElementDataType>us-types:textBlockItemType</ElementDataType>
      <SimpleDataType>textblock</SimpleDataType>
      <ElementDefenition>Describes disclosed significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date, but before the issuance of the financial statements. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, losses resulting from fire or flood, losses on receivables, significant realized and unrealized gains and losses that result from changes in quoted market prices of securities, declines in market prices of inventory, changes in authorized or issued debt (SEC), significant foreign exchange rate changes, substantial loans to insiders or affiliates, significant long-term investments, and substantial dividends not in the ordinary course of business.</ElementDefenition>
      <ElementReferences>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
 -Publisher FASB
 -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)
 -Number 5
 -Paragraph 11

</ElementReferences>
      <IsTotalLabel>false</IsTotalLabel>
    </Row>
  </Rows>
  <Footnotes />
  <NumberOfCols>1</NumberOfCols>
  <NumberOfRows>2</NumberOfRows>
  <HasScenarios>false</HasScenarios>
  <MonetaryRoundingLevel>UnKnown</MonetaryRoundingLevel>
  <SharesRoundingLevel>UnKnown</SharesRoundingLevel>
  <PerShareRoundingLevel>UnKnown</PerShareRoundingLevel>
  <HasPureData>false</HasPureData>
  <SharesShouldBeRounded>true</SharesShouldBeRounded>
</InstanceReport>
