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Income taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of provision for income taxes
The provision for income taxes consists of the following:
 
 
 
 
Provision for income taxes
Year ended December 31, 2017
 
Pre-tax
(loss)/
income
$’000
 
Current
$’000
 
Deferred
$’000
 
Total
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UK
 
(18,518
)
 
1,671

 
(372
)
 
1,299

Bermuda
 
(34,873
)
 

 

 

United States
 
(1,850
)
 
3,332

 
(12,987
)
 
(9,655
)
Brazil
 
2,193

 
2,322

 
(804
)
 
1,518

Italy
 
20,265

 
5,359

 
972

 
6,331

Peru
 
14,367

 
4,712

 
248

 
4,960

Rest of the world
 
(9,887
)
 
2,800

 
(699
)
 
2,101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(28,303
)
 
20,196

 
(13,642
)
 
6,554

 
 
 
 
 
Provision for income taxes
Year ended December 31, 2016
 
Pre-tax
(loss)/
income
$’000
 
Current
$’000
 
Deferred
$’000
 
Total
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UK
 
(6,702
)
 
949

 
(444
)
 
505

Bermuda
 
160

 

 

 

United States
 
2,681

 
(1,510
)
 
(1,978
)
 
(3,488
)
Brazil
 
15,303

 
5,498

 
(121
)
 
5,377

Italy
 
19,971

 
4,468

 
1,998

 
6,466

Peru
 
13,965

 
4,261

 
1,625

 
5,886

Rest of the world
 
(4,622
)
 
3,007

 
(1,385
)
 
1,622

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40,756

 
16,673

 
(305
)
 
16,368

 
 
 
 
 
Provision for income taxes
Year ended December 31, 2015
 
Pre-tax
(loss)/
income
$’000
 
Current
$’000
 
Deferred
$’000
 
Total
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UK
 
(18,965
)
 
1,585

 
(2,262
)
 
(677
)
Bermuda
 
(4,315
)
 

 

 

United States
 
1,439

 
1,310

 
1,698

 
3,008

Brazil
 
10,380

 
2,768

 
760

 
3,528

Italy
 
17,351

 
4,006

 
(824
)
 
3,182

Peru
 
12,078

 
3,154

 
(677
)
 
2,477

Rest of the world
 
7,386

 
4,341

 
1,182

 
5,523

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25,354

 
17,164

 
(123
)
 
17,041


Schedule of reconciliation of provision for income taxes
The reconciliation of (losses)/earnings before provision for income taxes and earnings from unconsolidated companies, net of tax at the statutory tax rate to the provision for income taxes is shown in the table below:
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Year ended December 31,
 
$'000
 
$'000
 
$'000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Losses)/earnings before provision for income taxes and earnings from unconsolidated companies, net of tax
 
(28,303
)
 
40,756

 
25,354

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax (benefit)/charge at statutory tax rate of 19.25%, 20% and 15% (1)
 
(5,448
)
 
8,151

 
3,803

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exchange rate movements on deferred tax
 
2,400

 
(1,785
)
 
(1,912
)
Notional interest deductions
 
(960
)
 
(1,812
)
 
(1,867
)
Imputed cross border charges
 
763

 
995

 
716

Disallowable goodwill impairment charges
 

 

 
2,198

Other permanent disallowable expenditure
 
3,664

 
483

 
5,762

Unrecognized tax loss generated on disposal of Hotel Ritz by Belmond
 

 

 
(16,029
)
Change in valuation allowance
 
2,215

 
4,876

 
16,320

Difference in taxation rates
 
13,874

 
9,509

 
12,948

Adjustment to deferred tax for VIE
 
7,263

 

 

Change in provisions for uncertain tax positions
 
160

 
(3,350
)
 
279

Change in tax rates
 
(19,807
)
 
(643
)
 
(5,121
)
Transition tax in U.S.
 
2,330

 

 

Other
 
100

 
(56
)
 
(56
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for income taxes
 
6,554

 
16,368

 
17,041

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) The Company migrated its tax residence to the United Kingdom on April 1, 2015, which has a statutory tax rate of 19.25% for the year ended December 31, 2017 (2016: 20%). Prior to that date, the Company was tax resident in Bermuda, which does not impose an income tax. The statutory tax rate of 15% represents the average statutory tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Schedule of net deferred tax liabilities
The following summarizes Belmond’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities:
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Year ended December 31,
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating loss carry-forwards
 
58,185

 
82,292

 
89,513

Pensions
 
95

 
255

 
63

Share-based compensation
 
703

 
3,617

 
2,978

Other
 
8,184

 
8,283

 
8,952

Less: Valuation allowance
 
(49,337
)
 
(70,241
)
 
(69,928
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net deferred tax assets
 
17,830

 
24,206

 
31,578

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
 
(4,817
)
 
(5,032
)
 
(7,427
)
Property, plant and equipment
 
(128,206
)
 
(141,231
)
 
(147,265
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
 
(133,023
)
 
(146,263
)
 
(154,692
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net deferred tax liabilities
 
(115,193
)
 
(122,057
)
 
(123,114
)
Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits
At December 31, 2016, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits included the following:
 
 
Total
 
Principal
 
Interest
 
Penalties
Year ended December 31, 2016
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2016
 
3,678

 
2,967

 
656

 
55

Additional uncertain tax provision identified during the year
 
78

 
61

 
4

 
13

Increase to uncertain tax provision on prior year positions
 
4

 

 
4

 

Uncertain tax provisions settled during the year
 
(3,308
)
 
(2,668
)
 
(640
)
 

Decreases as a result of expiration of the statute of limitations
 
(124
)
 
(104
)
 
(2
)
 
(18
)
Foreign exchange
 
(10
)
 
(7
)
 
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
 
318

 
249

 
21

 
48

At December 31, 2015, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits included the following:
 
 
Total
 
Principal
 
Interest
 
Penalties
Year ended December 31, 2015
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, January 1, 2015
 
3,437

 
2,966

 
416

 
55

Additional uncertain tax provision identified during the year
 
78

 
62

 
7

 
9

Increase to uncertain tax provision on prior year positions
 
236

 

 
236

 

Decreases as a result of expiration of the statute of limitations
 
(35
)
 
(30
)
 
(2
)
 
(3
)
Foreign exchange
 
(38
)
 
(31
)
 
(1
)
 
(6
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, December 31, 2015
 
3,678

 
2,967

 
656

 
55

At December 31, 2017, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits included the following:
 
 
Total
 
Principal
 
Interest
 
Penalties
Year ended December 31, 2017
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
$’000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, January 1, 2017
 
318

 
249

 
21

 
48

Additional uncertain tax provision identified during the year
 
215

 
197

 
1

 
17

Increase to uncertain tax provision on prior year positions
 
27

 
17

 
7

 
3

Uncertain tax provisions settled during the year
 

 

 

 

Decreases as a result of expiration of the statute of limitations
 
(82
)
 
(69
)
 
(3
)
 
(10
)
Foreign exchange
 
54

 
44

 

 
10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
 
532

 
438

 
26

 
68