2. LOANS

The composition of the Company's loan portfolio, by loan class, as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was as follows:

($ in thousands)	September 30, 2016			December 31, 2015

Commercial	$	127,839		$	136,095
Commercial Real Estate		322,622			292,316
Agriculture		97,257			84,813
Residential Mortgage		41,680			43,375
Residential Construction		20,596			12,110
Consumer		43,552			45,386

		653,546			614,095
Allowance for loan losses		(10,295	)		(9,251	)
Net deferred origination fees and costs		995			1,009

Loans, net	$	644,246		$	605,853

The Company manages asset quality and credit risk by maintaining diversification in its loan portfolio and through review processes that include analysis of credit requests and ongoing examination of outstanding loans and delinquencies, with particular attention to portfolio dynamics and loan mix. The Company strives to identify loans experiencing difficulty early enough to correct the problems, to record charge-offs promptly based on realistic assessments of collectability and current collateral values and to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses at all times. Asset quality reviews of loans and other non-performing assets are administered using credit risk rating standards and criteria similar to those employed by state and federal banking regulatory agencies.

Commercial loans, whether secured or unsecured, generally are made to support the short-term operations and other needs of small businesses. These loans are generally secured by the receivables, equipment, and real property of the business and are susceptible to the related risks described above. Problem commercial loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns, and payment history of the borrower. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors. Notwithstanding, when repayment becomes unlikely based on the borrower's income and cash flow, repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral may become necessary. Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, purchase invoices, or other appropriate means.

Commercial real estate loans generally fall into two categories, owner-occupied and non-owner occupied. Loans secured by owner-occupied real estate are primarily susceptible to changes in the market conditions of the related business. This may be driven by, among other things, industry changes, geographic business changes, changes in the individual financial capacity of the business owner, general economic conditions and changes in business cycles. These same risks apply to commercial loans whether secured by equipment, receivables or other personal property or unsecured. Losses on loans secured by owner-occupied real estate, equipment, or other personal property generally are dictated by the value of underlying collateral at the time of default and liquidation of the collateral. When default is driven by issues related specifically to the business owner, collateral values tend to provide better repayment support and may result in little or no loss. Alternatively, when default is driven by more general economic conditions, underlying collateral generally has devalued more and results in larger losses due to default. Loans secured by non-owner occupied real estate are primarily susceptible to risks associated with swings in occupancy or vacancy and related shifts in lease rates, rental rates or room rates. Most often, these shifts are a result of changes in general economic or market conditions or overbuilding and resulting over-supply of space. Losses are dependent on the value of underlying collateral at the time of default. Values are generally driven by these same factors and influenced by interest rates and required rates of return as well as changes in occupancy costs. Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, sales invoices, or other appropriate means.

Agricultural loans, whether secured or unsecured, generally are made to producers and processors of crops and livestock. Repayment is primarily from the sale of an agricultural product or payments for services. Agricultural loans are generally secured by inventory, receivables, equipment, and real property. Agricultural loans are susceptible to changes in market demand for specific commodities. This may be exacerbated by, among other things, industry changes, changes in the individual financial capacity of the business owner, general economic conditions and changes in business cycles, as well as adverse weather conditions, including drought conditions such as those affecting California. Problem agricultural loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns, crop budgets, payment history and crop inspections. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors. Notwithstanding, when repayment becomes unlikely based on the borrower's income and cash flow, repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral may become necessary.

Residential mortgage loans, which are secured by real estate, are primarily susceptible to four risks: non-payment due to diminished or lost income; over-extension of credit; a lack of borrower's cash flow to sustain payments; and shortfalls in collateral value. In general, non-payment is usually due to loss of employment and follows general economic trends in the economy, particularly the upward movement in the unemployment rate, loss of collateral value and demand shifts.

Residential construction loans, whether owner-occupied or non-owner occupied residential development loans, are not only susceptible to the related risks described above but the added risks of construction, including cost over-runs, mismanagement of the project, or lack of demand and market changes experienced at time of completion. Losses are primarily related to underlying collateral value and changes therein as described above. Problem construction loans are generally identified by periodic review of financial information that may include financial statements, tax returns and payment history of the borrower. Based on this information, the Company may decide to take any of several courses of action including demand for repayment, requiring the borrower to provide a significant principal payment and/or additional collateral or requiring similar support from guarantors, or repossession or foreclosure of the underlying collateral. Collateral values may be determined by appraisals obtained through Bank-approved, licensed appraisers, qualified independent third parties, purchase invoices or other appropriate means.

Consumer loans, whether unsecured or secured, are primarily susceptible to four risks: non-payment due to diminished or lost income; over-extension of credit; a lack of borrower's cash flow to sustain payments; and shortfall in the collateral value. In general, non-payment is usually due to loss of employment and will follow general economic trends in the economy, particularly upward movements in the unemployment rate, loss of collateral value and demand shifts.

As of September 30, 2016, approximately 49% in principal amount of the Company's loans were secured by commercial real estate, consisting primarily of loans secured by commercial properties and construction and land development loans. Approximately 6% in principal amount of the Company's loans were residential mortgage loans. Approximately 3% in principal amount of the Company's loans were residential construction loans. Approximately 15% in principal amount of the Company's loans were for agriculture and 20% in principal amount of the Company's loans were for general commercial uses including professional, retail and small businesses. Approximately 7% in principal amount of the Company's loans were consumer loans.

Once a loan becomes delinquent and repayment becomes questionable, a Company collection officer will address collateral shortfalls with the borrower and attempt to obtain additional collateral or a principal payment. If this is not forthcoming and payment in full is unlikely, the Company will consider the loan to be collateral dependent and will estimate its probable loss, using a recent valuation as appropriate to the underlying collateral less estimated costs of sale, and charge-off the loan down to the estimated net realizable amount. Depending on the length of time until final collection, the Company may periodically revalue the underlying collateral and take additional charge-offs as warranted. Revaluations may occur as often as every 3-12 months depending on the underlying collateral and volatility of values. Final charge-offs or recoveries are taken when collateral is liquidated and actual loss is known. Unpaid balances on loans after or during collection and liquidation may also be pursued through legal action and attachment of wages or judgment liens on the borrower's other assets.

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, all loans were pledged under a blanket collateral lien to secure actual and potential borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") and the Federal Reserve Bank.

Non-accrual and Past Due Loans

The Company's non-accrual loans by loan class, as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:

($ in thousands)	September 30, 2016		December 31, 2015

Commercial	$	5,042	$	112
Commercial Real Estate		559		964
Agriculture		—		—
Residential Mortgage		553		1,092
Residential Construction		—		—
Consumer		157		560

	$	6,311	$	2,728

Non-accrual loans amounted to $6,311,000 at September 30, 2016 and were comprised of two commercial loans totaling $5,042,000, two commercial real estate loans totaling $559,000, two residential mortgage loans totaling $553,000 and two consumer loans totaling $157,000. Non-accrual loans amounted to $2,728,000 at December 31, 2015 and were comprised of four residential mortgage loans totaling $1,092,000, four commercial real estate loans totaling $964,000, four commercial loans totaling $112,000, and four consumer loans totaling $560,000. All non-accrual loans are measured for impairment based upon the present value of future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the loan's observable market price, or the fair value of collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. If the measurement of the non-accrual loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, an impairment is recognized through the establishment of a specific reserve sufficient to cover expected losses and/or a charge-off against the allowance for loan losses. If the loan is considered to be collateral dependent it is generally the Company's policy to charge-off the portion of any non-accrual loan that the Company does not expect to collect by writing the loan down to the estimated net realizable value of the underlying collateral.

An aging analysis of past due loans, segregated by loan class, as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, are as follows:

($ in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or more Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
September 30, 2016
Commercial	$	100	$	5,090	$	—	$	5,190	$	122,649	$	127,839
Commercial Real Estate		—		—		—		—		322,622		322,622
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		97,257		97,257
Residential Mortgage		120		—		555		675		41,005		41,680
Residential Construction		—		—		—		—		20,596		20,596
Consumer		392		4		—		396		43,156		43,552
Total	$	612	$	5,094	$	555	$	6,261	$	647,285	$	653,546

December 31, 2015
Commercial	$	218	$	—	$	57	$	275	$	135,820	$	136,095
Commercial Real Estate		130		—		232		362		291,954		292,316
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		84,813		84,813
Residential Mortgage		—		—		—		—		43,375		43,375
Residential Construction		—		—		—		—		12,110		12,110
Consumer		19		5		429		453		44,933		45,386
Total	$	367	$	5	$	718	$	1,090	$	613,005	$	614,095

The Company had no loans that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing at September 30, 2016 and one loan totaling $2,000 that was 90 days or more past due and still accruing at December 31, 2015. Included in the aging loan category labeled "current" are non-accrual loans that were not delinquent with respect to contractual principal and interest payments as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. These loans are categorized as non-accrual loans and are not accruing interest as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Non-accrual loans outstanding at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are disclosed in the table above.

Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. Loans considered for impairment include non-accrual loans, troubled debt restructurings and loans with a risk rating of 6 (substandard) or worse. Once identified, impaired loans are measured individually for impairment using one of three methods: present value of expected cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate; the loan's observable market price; and the fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, an impairment is recognized through the establishment of a specific reserve sufficient to cover expected losses and/or a charge-off against the allowance for loan losses. In general, any portion of the recorded investment in a collateral dependent loan in excess of the fair value of the collateral that can be identified as uncollectible, and is, therefore, deemed a confirmed loss, is promptly charged-off against the allowance for loan losses.

Impaired loans, segregated by loan class, as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were as follows:

($ in thousands)	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment with no Allowance		Recorded Investment with Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance
September 30, 2016
Commercial	$	5,782	$	43	$	5,604	$	5,647	$	906
Commercial Real Estate		898		559		286		845		40
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—
Residential Mortgage		3,325		553		2,408		2,961		591
Residential Construction		976		—		976		976		105
Consumer		1,035		157		606		763		38
Total	$	12,016	$	1,312	$	9,880	$	11,192	$	1,680

December 31, 2015
Commercial	$	933	$	97	$	821	$	918	$	43
Commercial Real Estate		1,292		964		294		1,258		42
Agriculture		—		—		—		—		—
Residential Mortgage		3,968		1,092		2,484		3,576		615
Residential Construction		1,005		—		1,005		1,005		119
Consumer		1,625		631		690		1,321		33
Total	$	8,823	$	2,784	$	5,294	$	8,078	$	852

The average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans during the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 was as follows:

($ in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2016				Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial	$	3,232	$	6	$	1,840	$	13
Commercial Real Estate		857		4		1,392		30
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Residential Mortgage		2,973		24		3,587		38
Residential Construction		982		12		866		8
Consumer		768		9		1,351		10
Total	$	8,812	$	55	$	9,036	$	99

The average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 was as follows:

($ in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial	$	2,111	$	28	$	2,234	$	33
Commercial Real Estate		966		12		1,180		38
Agriculture		—		—		—		—
Residential Mortgage		3,267		71		4,104		96
Residential Construction		991		35		879		27
Consumer		890		62		1,423		29
Total	$	8,225	$	208	$	9,820	$	223

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The Company's loan portfolio includes certain loans that have been modified in a Troubled Debt Restructuring ("TDR"), which are loans on which concessions in terms have been granted because of the borrowers' financial difficulties and, as a result, the Company receives less than the current market-based compensation for the loan. These concessions may include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions. Certain TDRs are placed on non-accrual status at the time of restructure and may only be returned to accruing status after considering the borrower's sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period, generally six months.

When a loan is modified, it is measured based upon the present value of future cash flows discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan agreement, or the fair value of collateral less selling costs if the loan is collateral dependent. If the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, impairment is recognized through a specific allowance or a charge-off of the loan.

The Company had $4,923,000 and $5,414,000 in TDR loans as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. Specific reserves for TDR loans totaled $807,000 and $852,000 as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. TDR loans performing in compliance with modified terms totaled $4,881,000 and $5,350,000 as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. There were no commitments to advance additional funds on existing TDR loans as of September 30, 2016.

There were no loans modified as TDRs during the three months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

Loans modified as TDRs during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 were as follows:

($ in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
	Number of Contracts		Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment			Post- modification outstanding recorded investment
Commercial		1		$	180		$	180
Total		1		$	180		$	180

($ in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Number of Contracts		Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment			Post- modification outstanding recorded investment
Commercial		1		$	419		$	419
Consumer		1			109			109
Total		2		$	528		$	528

Loan modifications generally involve reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, and forbearance. There were no loans modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months and for which there was a payment default during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015.

Credit Quality Indicators

All loans are rated using the credit risk ratings and criteria adopted by the Company. Risk ratings are adjusted as future circumstances warrant. All credits risk-rated 1, 2, 3 or 4 equate to a Pass as indicated by Federal and State bank regulatory agencies; a 5 equates to a Special Mention; a 6 equates to Substandard; a 7 equates to Doubtful; and an 8 equates to a Loss. For the definitions of each risk rating, see Note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The following table presents the risk ratings by loan class as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

($ in thousands)	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
September 30, 2016
Commercial	$	114,905	$	6,013	$	6,921	$	—	$	—	$	127,839
Commercial Real Estate		305,007		15,255		2,360		—		—		322,622
Agriculture		96,778		—		479		—		—		97,257
Residential Mortgage		39,216		1,777		687		—		—		41,680
Residential Construction		20,010		440		146		—		—		20,596
Consumer		42,061		547		944		—		—		43,552
Total	$	617,977	$	24,032	$	11,537	$	—	$	—	$	653,546

December 31, 2015
Commercial	$	125,562	$	6,842	$	3,691	$	—	$	—	$	136,095
Commercial Real Estate		268,707		8,301		15,308		—		—		292,316
Agriculture		84,813		—		—		—		—		84,813
Residential Mortgage		40,231		1,847		1,297		—		—		43,375
Residential Construction		11,593		452		65		—		—		12,110
Consumer		42,990		1,025		1,371		—		—		45,386
Total	$	573,896	$	18,467	$	21,732	$	—	$	—	$	614,095

Allowance for Loan Losses

The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.

Three months ended September 30, 2016
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction		Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Balance as of June 30, 2016	$	3,175		$	3,584	$	1,150	$	690		$	390	$	555		$	486		$	10,030
Provision for loan losses		556			92		56		(25	)		7		(36	)		(200	)		450

Charge-offs		(187	)		—		—		—			—		(17	)		—			(204	)
Recoveries		6			—		—		—			2		11			—			19
Net charge-offs		(181	)		—		—		—			2		(6	)		—			(185	)
Balance as of September 30, 2016	$	3,550		$	3,676	$	1,206	$	665		$	399	$	513		$	286		$	10,295

Nine months ended September 30, 2016
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Agriculture		Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction		Consumer			Unallocated		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2015	$	3,097		$	3,343		$	1,060	$	739		$	334	$	641		$	37	$	9,251
Provision for loan losses		836			348			65		(75	)		61		(134	)		249		1,350

Charge-offs		(417	)		(15	)		—		—			—		(52	)		—		(484	)
Recoveries		34			—			81		1			4		58			—		178
Net charge-offs		(383	)		(15	)		81		1			4		6			—		(306	)
Balance as of September 30, 2016	$	3,550		$	3,676		$	1,206	$	665		$	399	$	513		$	286	$	10,295

The following table details the allowance for loan losses allocated to loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment by loan class as of September 30, 2016.

($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Agriculture			Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction			Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment		$	906		$	40		$	—		$	591		$	105		$	38		$	—		$	1,680
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment			2,644			3,636			1,206			74			294			475			286			8,615
Ending Balance		$	3,550		$	3,676		$	1,206		$	665		$	399		$	513		$	286		$	10,295

The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Three months ended September 30, 2015
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction		Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Balance as of June 30, 2015	$	3,259		$	2,888	$	852	$	833		$	144	$	647		$	483		$	9,106
Provision for loan losses		(128	)		454		75		(98	)		171		57			(231	)		300

Charge-offs		(14	)		—		—		—			—		(67	)		—			(81	)
Recoveries		3			13		—		1			1		17			—			35
Net charge-offs		(11	)		13		—		1			1		(50	)		—			(46	)
Balance as of September 30, 2015	$	3,120		$	3,355	$	927	$	736		$	316	$	654		$	252		$	9,360

Nine months ended September 30, 2015
($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction		Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2014	$	3,581		$	1,825	$	580	$	1,181		$	161	$	886		$	369		$	8,583
Provision for loan losses		(537	)		1,513		347		(529	)		97		(124	)		(117	)		650

Charge-offs		(14	)		—		—		(132	)		—		(152	)		—			(298	)
Recoveries		90			17		—		216			58		44			—			425
Net recoveries		76			17		—		84			58		(108	)		—			127
Balance as of September 30, 2015	$	3,120		$	3,355	$	927	$	736		$	316	$	654		$	252		$	9,360

The following table details the allowance for loan losses allocated to loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment by loan class as of September 30, 2015.

($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Agriculture			Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction			Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment		$	51		$	42		$	—		$	619		$	114		$	26		$	—		$	852
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment			3,069			3,313			927			117			202			628			252			8,508
Ending Balance		$	3,120		$	3,355		$	927		$	736		$	316		$	654		$	252		$	9,360

The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses and the amount allocated to loans individually and collectively evaluated for impairment as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Year ended December 31, 2015

($ in thousands)	Commercial			Commercial Real Estate			Agriculture		Residential Mortgage			Residential Construction		Consumer			Unallocated			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2014	$	3,581		$	1,825		$	580	$	1,181		$	161	$	886		$	369		$	8,583
Provision for (reversal of) loan losses		(542	)		1,507			480		(450	)		113		(126	)		(332	)		650

Charge-offs		(44	)		(7	)		—		(211	)		—		(175	)		—			(437	)
Recoveries		102			18			—		219			60		56			—			455
Net recoveries		58			11			—		8			60		(119	)		—			18
Ending Balance	$	3,097		$	3,343		$	1,060	$	739		$	334	$	641		$	37		$	9,251
Period-end amount allocated to:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	43		$	42		$	—	$	615		$	119	$	33		$	—		$	852
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		3,054			3,301			1,060		124			215		608			37			8,399
Balance as of December 31, 2015	$	3,097		$	3,343		$	1,060	$	739		$	334	$	641		$	37		$	9,251

The Company's investment in loans as of September 30, 2016, September 30, 2015, and December 31, 2015 related to each balance in the allowance for loan losses by loan class and disaggregated on the basis of the Company's impairment methodology was as follows:

($ in thousands)	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Agriculture		Residential Mortgage		Residential Construction		Consumer		Total
September 30, 2016
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	5,647	$	845	$	—	$	2,961	$	976	$	763	$	11,192
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		122,192		321,777		97,257		38,719		19,620		42,789		642,354
Ending Balance	$	127,839	$	322,622	$	97,257	$	41,680	$	20,596	$	43,552	$	653,546

September 30, 2015
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	959	$	1,578	$	—	$	3,360	$	860	$	1,329	$	8,086
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		128,655		294,843		74,138		39,306		10,453		44,350		591,745
Ending Balance	$	129,614	$	296,421	$	74,138	$	42,666	$	11,313	$	45,679	$	599,831

December 31, 2015
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	918	$	1,258	$	—	$	3,576	$	1,005	$	1,321	$	8,078
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		135,177		291,058		84,813		39,799		11,105		44,065		606,017
Ending Balance	$	136,095	$	292,316	$	84,813	$	43,375	$	12,110	$	45,386	$	614,095