Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

For significant litigation matters, we assess the likelihood of a negative outcome. If a negative outcome is probable and the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record an estimated loss. If a negative outcome is reasonably possible and we can estimate the potential loss or range of loss, or if a negative outcome is probable and we can estimate the potential loss or range of loss beyond any amounts already accrued, we disclose this information. However, predicting outcomes or estimating losses is often challenging due to litigation uncertainties, especially in early stages or complex cases. In such instances, we disclose our inability to predict the outcome or estimate losses.

AB may face regulatory inquiries, administrative proceedings, and litigation, some alleging significant damages. While it is possible we could incur losses from these matters, we cannot currently estimate such losses or their range. Management, after consulting with legal counsel, believes that the outcome of any individual or combined matters will not materially affect our operations, financial condition, or liquidity. However, due to inherent uncertainties, future developments could potentially have a material adverse effect on our results, financial condition, or liquidity in future reporting periods.

Guarantees

In 2024, AB and Societe General ("SocGen") completed a transaction forming two joint ventures, one outside of North America and one within North America ("NA JV"). In connection with the transaction, Bernstein Institutional Services LLC (“BIS”), the U.S. broker-dealer subsidiary of the NA JV, entered into a credit facility agreement with SocGen, as lender, providing for up to $60.0 million of working capital. As a condition of the credit facility and until SocGen’s ownership exceeds 50% of NA JV, AB will provide a limited guarantee under which AB will guarantee up to its percentage ownership, currently 66.7%, of any unpaid obligations of BIS. As of September 30, 2025, there were no unpaid obligations under this facility requiring a guarantee by AB. Effective February 28, 2025, the agreement was amended and the original maturity date of April 1, 2025 was extended to March 31, 2026. The current commitment under the facility has also been reduced from $60.0 million to $30.0 million. There were no other material amendments to the credit facility.

In addition, AB will indemnify SocGen Canada ("SG Canada") for certain obligations and liabilities in relation to Sanford C. Bernstein Canada ("SCB Canada") until such time as SocGen exceeds 50% ownership of NA JV (the “Canadian Regulatory Guarantee”). Under the terms of the Canadian Regulatory Guarantee, SG Canada must guarantee the customer liabilities of SCB Canada to the full extent of its regulatory capital which fluctuates based upon business activity. AB has agreed to indemnify SG Canada for 66.7% of any amounts paid by SG Canada under the Canadian Regulatory Guarantee. As of September 30, 2025, there were no unpaid obligations requiring a guarantee by AB.

Commitments

During the fourth quarter of 2024, we entered into a non-exclusive partnership with Reinsurance Group of America, Incorporated (“RGA”) under which we committed to invest $100.0 million in a reinsurance sidecar vehicle sponsored by RGA and focused on the U.S. asset-intensive reinsurance market. AB intends to manage private alternative assets for RGA’s general account as part of a separate transaction. As of September 30, 2025, we have funded $0.1 million of this commitment.

During the third quarter of 2025, we entered into a non-exclusive partnership with Carlyle Investment Management L.L.C. (the "Asset Management Sponsor") and Fortitude International Ltd. (the "Insurance Sponsor/and or their respective affiliates"), and together (the "Sponsors") under which we committed to invest $100.0 million in a reinsurance sidecar vehicle Carlyle FCA Re, L.P. (the "FCA Re Sidecar'"). The FCA Re Sidecar is focused on reinsuring Asian liabilities. AB intends to manage private alternative assets for the Insurance Sponsor as part of a separate transaction. As of September 30, 2025, we have not funded any of this commitment.

Joint Ventures

Effective April 1, 2024, AB and SocGen formed a global joint venture with two joint venture holding companies, one outside of North America and one within North America ("NA JV", and together the "JVs"). AB owns a 66.7% majority interest in the NA JV while SocGen owns a 51% majority interest in the joint venture outside of North America.

At the close of the transaction, SocGen paid AB $304.0 million in cash which included $102.6 million of prepaid consideration for an option, exercisable by AB during the five years following the close of the transaction, that would result in SocGen having a 51% ownership of the NA JV (the "AB option"). AB's option may only be exercised upon receipt of appropriate regulatory approvals. Under the terms of the transaction and assuming AB exercises its option as noted above, SocGen would increase its ownership to a majority interest of the NA JV, without further consideration payable.

During the third quarter of 2025, appropriate regulatory approval for SocGen to increase its ownership to 51% was received and AB has issued formal notice of its intent to exercise the AB Option. AB will deliver the additional equity once the remaining AB option conditions have been fulfilled by the parties, at a future date, expected within the first half of 2026. Upon delivery of the additional equity, SG will own a majority interest in the NA JV. Until such time the equity is delivered, AB will maintain a 66.7% interest in the NA JV and a 49% interest in the JV outside of North America.