Net Investment Hedges. We are exposed to the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on the value of investments in our foreign subsidiaries whose functional currencies are other than the U.S. Dollar. In order to mitigate the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, we have entered into various foreign currency debt obligations, which are designated as hedges against our net investments in foreign subsidiaries. As of both December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total principal amounts of foreign currency debt obligations designated as net investment hedges was $1.5 billion.

We also utilize cross-currency interest rate swaps, designated as net investment hedges, which effectively convert a portion of our U.S. dollar-denominated fixed-rate debt to foreign currency-denominated fixed-rate debt, to hedge the currency exposure associated with our net investment in our foreign subsidiaries. As of December 31,

From time to time, we use foreign currency forward contracts, which are designated as net investment hedges, to hedge against the effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our net investment in our foreign subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total notional amount of foreign currency forward contracts designated as net investment hedges were $373.4 million and $375.7 million, respectively.

Certain of our customer agreements that are priced in currencies different from the functional or local currencies of the parties involved are deemed to have foreign currency forward contracts embedded in them. These embedded derivatives are separated from their host contracts and carried on our balance sheet at their fair value. The majority of these embedded derivatives arise as a result of our foreign subsidiaries pricing their customer contracts in U.S. Dollars. We use these forward contracts embedded within our customer agreements to hedge against the effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our net investment in our foreign subsidiaries.


Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income:
		Years Ended December 31,
		2022		2021		2020
Foreign currency debt		$	160,286	$	93,945	$	(208,281)
Cross-currency interest rate swaps (included component) (1)		276,350		282,935		(218,843)
Cross-currency interest rate swaps (excluded component) (2)		(35,723)		(52,517)		(347)
Foreign currency forward contracts (included component) (1)		27,323		2,621		(17,115)
Foreign currency forward contracts (excluded component) (3)		(2,535)		(2)		32
Total		$	425,701	$	326,982	$	(444,554)

Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in earnings:
	Location of gain or (loss)	Years Ended December 31,
		2022		2021		2020
Cross-currency interest rate swaps (excluded component) (2)	Interest expense	$	50,188	$	44,933	$	27,196
Foreign currency forward contracts (excluded component) (3)	Interest expense	(469)		242		42
Total		$	49,719	$	45,175	$	27,238

Cash Flow Hedges. We hedge our foreign currency transaction exposure for forecasted revenues and expenses in our EMEA region between the U.S. Dollar and the British Pound, Euro, Swedish Krona and Swiss Franc. The foreign currency forward and option contracts that we use to hedge this exposure are designated as cash flow hedges. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total notional amounts of these foreign exchange contracts were $490.8 million and $831.2 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022, our foreign currency cash flow hedge instruments had maturity dates ranging from January 2023 to February 2024 and we had a net gain of $8.2 million recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to be reclassified to revenues and expenses relating to these cash flow hedges as they mature in the next 12 months. As of December 31, 2021, our foreign currency cash flow hedge instruments had maturity dates ranging from January 2022 to December 2023 and we had a net gain of $13.3 million recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to be reclassified to revenues and expenses relating to these cash flow hedges as they mature in the next 12 months.

We enter into intercompany hedging instruments ("intercompany derivatives") with our wholly-owned subsidiaries in order to hedge certain forecasted revenues and expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. Simultaneously, we enter into derivative contracts with unrelated third parties to externally hedge the net exposure created by such intercompany derivatives.

We hedge the interest rate exposure created by anticipated fixed rate debt issuances through the use of treasury locks and swap locks (collectively, interest rate locks), which are designated as cash flow hedges. As of December 31, 2022, we had no interest rate locks outstanding. As of December 31, 2021, the total notional amount of interest rate locks outstanding was $800.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, interest rate locks with a combined aggregate notional amount of $800.0 million were settled related to the issuance of senior notes during the year. When interest rate locks are settled, any gain or loss from the transactions is deferred and included as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and is amortized to interest expense over the term of the forecasted hedged transaction which is equivalent to the term of the interest rate locks. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had a net gain of $1.4 million and a net loss of $3.9 million, respectively, recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to be reclassified to interest expense in the next 12 months for interest rate locks.

We also use cross-currency swaps, which are designated as cash flow hedges, to manage the foreign currency exposure associated with a portion of our foreign currency-denominated debt. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total notional amount of cross-currency interest rate swaps, designated as cash flow hedges, were $280.3 million and $0, respectively.


Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income:
		Years Ended December 31,
		2022		2021		2020
Foreign currency forward and option contracts (included component) (1)		$	(8,711)	$	67,767	$	(68,573)
Foreign currency option contracts (excluded component) (2)		—		151		1,655
Cross-currency interest rate swaps		(2,386)		—		—
Interest rate locks		49,392		9,624		(30,393)
Total		$	38,295	$	77,542	$	(97,311)

Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income to income:
		Years Ended December 31,
	Location of gain or (loss)	2022		2021		2020
Foreign currency forward contracts	Revenues	$	148,100	$	(39,297)	$	37,198
Foreign currency forward contracts	Costs and operating expenses	(71,968)		20,496		(19,890)
Interest rate locks	Interest Expense	(26)		(4,056)		(1,204)
Total		$	76,106	$	(22,857)	$	16,104

Amount of gain or (loss) excluded from effectiveness testing and included in income:
		Years Ended December 31,
	Location of gain or (loss)	2022		2021		2020

Foreign currency option contracts (excluded component) (2)	Revenues	$	—	$	(244)	$	(1,761)
Total		$	—	$	(244)	$	(1,761)

Embedded Derivatives. As described above, certain of our customer agreements that are priced in currencies different from the functional or local currencies of the parties involved are deemed to have foreign currency forward contracts embedded in them..

Economic Hedges of Embedded Derivatives. We use foreign currency forward contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with our customer agreements that are priced in currencies different from the functional or local currencies of the parties involved ("economic hedges of embedded derivatives"). Foreign currency forward contracts represent agreements to exchange the currency of one country for the currency of another country at an agreed-upon price on an agreed-upon settlement date.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts. We also use foreign currency forward contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with certain foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities. As a result of foreign currency fluctuations, the U.S. Dollar equivalent values of our foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities change. Gains and losses on these contracts are included in other income (expense), on a net basis, along with the foreign currency gains and losses of the related foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities associated with these foreign currency forward contracts. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total notional amounts of these foreign currency contracts were $3.0 billion and $3.3 billion, respectively.


Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in earnings:
		Years Ended December 31,
	Location of gain or (loss)	2022		2021		2020
Embedded derivatives	Revenues	$	(568)	$	3,503	$	(3,043)
Economic hedge of embedded derivatives	Revenues	(984)		(5,937)		2,142
Foreign currency forward contracts	Other income (expense)	137,633		129,496		(127,648)
Total		$	136,081	$	127,062	$	(128,549)


	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Assets (1)		Liabilities (2)		Assets (1)		Liabilities (2)
Designated as hedging instruments:
Cash flow hedges
Foreign currency forward and option contracts	$	27,812	$	21,352	$	22,866	$	7,618
Cross-currency interest rate swaps	19,239		—		—		—
Interest rate locks	—		—		8,662		—
Net investment hedges
Cross-currency interest rate swaps	274,234		—		56,921		19,441
Foreign currency forward contracts	25,077		4,805		156		70
Total designated as hedging	346,362		26,157		88,605		27,129

Not designated as hedging instruments:
Embedded derivatives	—		—		3,247		652
Economic hedges of embedded derivatives	—		—		2,232		637
Foreign currency forward contracts	58,230		7,531		83,265		5,854
Total not designated as hedging	58,230		7,531		88,744		7,143
Total Derivatives	$	404,592	$	33,688	$	177,349	$	34,272

We enter into master netting agreements with our counterparties for transactions other than embedded derivatives to mitigate credit risk exposure to any single counterparty. Master netting agreements allow for individual derivative contracts with a single counterparty to offset in the event of default. For presentation on the consolidated balance sheets, we do not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments or the accrued interest related to cross-currency interest rate swaps under master netting arrangements. The following table presents information related to these offsetting arrangements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Gross Amounts Offset in Consolidated Balance Sheet
	Gross Amounts		Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net Amounts		Gross Amounts not Offset in the Balance Sheet		Net
December 31, 2022
Derivative assets	$	424,516	$	—	$	424,516	$	(34,429)	$	390,087
Derivative liabilities	39,234		—		39,234		(34,429)		4,805

December 31, 2021
Derivative assets	$	207,037	$	—	$	207,037	$	(47,538)	$	159,499
Derivative liabilities	49,326		—		49,326		(47,538)		1,788