REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

12 Months Ended

Dec. 28, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables disaggregate the Company’s revenue by major business line and timing of transfer of products or services:



Major Products/Service Lines:	2019		2018
	(in thousands)
RMS	$	537,089	$	519,682
DSA	1,618,995		1,316,854
Manufacturing	465,142		429,560
Total revenue	$	2,621,226	$	2,266,096



Timing of Revenue Recognition:	2019		2018
	(in thousands)
RMS
Services and products transferred over time	$	227,872	$	202,872
Services and products transferred at a point in time	309,217		316,810
DSA
Services and products transferred over time	1,618,281		1,316,005
Services and products transferred at a point in time	714		849
Manufacturing
Services and products transferred over time	142,896		128,287
Services and products transferred at a point in time	322,246		301,273
Total revenue	$	2,621,226	$	2,266,096

RMS

The RMS business generates revenue through the commercial production and sale of research models and the provision of services related to the maintenance and monitoring of research models and management of clients’ research operations. Revenue from the sale of research models is recognized at a point in time when the customer obtains control of the product, which may be upon shipment or upon delivery based on the shipping terms of a contract. Revenue generated from research models services is recognized over time and is typically based on a right-to-invoice measure of progress (output method) as invoiced amounts correspond directly to the value of the Company’s performance to date.

DSA

The Discovery and Safety Assessment business provides a full suite of integrated drug discovery services directed at the identification, screening and selection of a lead compound for drug development and offers a full range of safety assessment services including bioanalysis, drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicology and pathology. Discovery and Safety Assessment services revenue is generally recognized over time using the cost-to-cost or right to invoice measures of progress, primarily representing fixed fee service contracts and per unit service contracts, respectively.

Manufacturing

The Manufacturing business includes Microbial Solutions, which provides in vitro (non-animal) lot-release testing products, microbial detection products, and species identification services; Biologics Testing Services (Biologics), which performs specialized testing of biologics; and Avian Vaccine Services (Avian), which supplies specific-pathogen-free chicken eggs and chickens. Species identification service revenue is generally recognized at a point in time as identifications are completed by the Company. Biologics service revenue is generally recognized over time using the cost-to-cost measure of progress. Microbial Solutions and Avian product sales are generally recognized at a point in time when the customer obtains control of the product, which may be upon shipment or upon delivery based on the contractual shipping terms of a contract.

Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations

The Company discloses the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of December 28, 2019. Excluded from the disclosure is the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i)

contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which revenue is recognized at the amount to which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed.

The following table includes estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) as of December 28, 2019:



	Revenue Expected to be Recognized in Future Periods
	Less than 1 Year		1 to 3 Years		4 to 5 Years		Beyond 5 Years		Total
	(in thousands)
DSA	$	156,125	$	89,458	$	5,965	$	527	$	252,075
Manufacturing	11,604		11,816		19		13		23,452
Total	$	167,729	$	101,274	$	5,984	$	540	$	275,527

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed receivables (client receivables), contract assets (unbilled revenue), and contract liabilities (current and long-term deferred revenue and customer contract deposits) on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s payment terms are generally 30 days in the United States and consistent with prevailing practice in international markets. A contract asset is recorded when a right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to a customer is conditioned other than the passage of time. Client receivables are recorded separately from contract assets since only the passage of time is required before consideration is due. A contract liability is recorded when consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after control of the products or services is transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met. The following table provides information about client receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:



	December 28, 2019		December 29, 2018
	(in thousands)
Balances from contracts with customers:
Client receivables	$	395,740	$	370,131
Contract assets (unbilled revenue)	121,957		105,216
Contract liabilities (current and long-term deferred revenue)	192,788		179,559
Contract liabilities (customer contract deposits)	33,080		38,245

When the Company does not have the unconditional right to advanced billings, both advanced client payments and unpaid advanced client billings are excluded from deferred revenue, with the advanced billings also being excluded from client receivables. The Company excluded approximately $27 million and $22 million of unpaid advanced client billings from both client receivables and deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, respectively. Advanced client payments of approximately $33 million and $38 million have been presented as customer contract deposits within other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018.

Other changes in the contract asset and the contract liability balances during fiscal year 2019 were as follows:

(i) Changes due to business combinations:

See Note 2. “Business Combinations and Divestiture” for client receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities that were acquired as part of the Citoxlab acquisition on April 29, 2019.

(ii) Cumulative catch-up adjustments to revenue that affect the corresponding contract asset or contract liability, including adjustments arising from a change in the measure of progress, a change in an estimate of the transaction price (including any changes in the assessment of whether an estimate of variable consideration is constrained), or a contract modification:

During fiscal year 2019, an immaterial cumulative catch-up adjustment to revenue was recorded.

(iii) A change in the time frame for a right to consideration to become unconditional (that is, for a contract asset to be

recorded as a client receivable):

Approximately 95% of unbilled revenue as of December 29, 2018 was billed during fiscal year 2019.

(iv) A change in the time frame for a performance obligation to be satisfied (that is, for the recognition of revenue arising from a contract liability):

Approximately 85% of contract liabilities as of December 29, 2018 were recognized as revenue during fiscal year 2019.