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Fair Value (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis and their corresponding placement in the fair value hierarchy, including those items for which the Company has elected the FVO, are presented below at:
December 31, 2021 (1)
Fair Value Hierarchy
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Total
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Assets
Fixed maturity securities AFS:
U.S. corporate
$— $81,266 $11,768 $93,034 
Foreign corporate
— 49,973 13,667 63,640 
Foreign government
— 61,518 91 61,609 
U.S. government and agency
25,482 21,117 — 46,599 
RMBS
27,270 3,127 30,404 
ABS
— 16,707 1,862 18,569 
Municipals
— 14,212 — 14,212 
CMBS
— 11,325 882 12,207 
Total fixed maturity securities AFS
25,489 283,388 31,397 340,274 
Equity securities
931 187 151 1,269 
Unit-linked and FVO Securities (2)9,173 2,068 901 12,142 
Short-term investments (3)5,607 950 6,560 
Residential mortgage loans — FVO
— — 127 127 
Other investments
— 61 898 959 
Derivative assets: (4)
Interest rate
6,577 97 6,678 
Foreign currency exchange rate
— 2,551 2,554 
Credit
— 173 17 190 
Equity market
12 1,025 1,044 
Total derivative assets
16 10,326 124 10,466 
Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (5)— — 38 38 
Separate account assets (6)76,312 101,424 2,137 179,873 
Total assets (7)$117,528 $398,404 $35,776 $551,708 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities: (4)
Interest rate
$— $259 $22 $281 
Foreign currency exchange rate
2,676 242 2,920 
Credit
— 113 12 125 
Equity market
521 — 526 
Total derivative liabilities
3,569 276 3,852 
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (5)— — 649 649 
Separate account liabilities (6)12 25 
Total liabilities
$14 $3,581 $931 $4,526 
December 31, 2020 (1)
Fair Value Hierarchy
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Assets
Fixed maturity securities AFS:
U.S. corporate
$— $83,214 $10,202 $93,416 
Foreign corporate
— 55,509 13,899 69,408 
Foreign government
— 71,582 117 71,699 
U.S. government and agency
23,180 23,920 — 47,100 
RMBS
— 27,133 3,302 30,435 
ABS
— 15,734 1,385 17,119 
Municipals— 13,722 — 13,722 
CMBS
— 11,308 602 11,910 
Total fixed maturity securities AFS
23,180 302,122 29,507 354,809 
Equity securities
636 293 150 1,079 
Unit-linked and FVO Securities (2)10,559 2,059 701 13,319 
Short-term investments (3)2,762 568 43 3,373 
Residential mortgage loans — FVO
— — 165 165 
Other investments
83 229 573 885 
Derivative assets: (4)
Interest rate
— 7,840 489 8,329 
Foreign currency exchange rate
2,287 176 2,466 
Credit
— 180 25 205 
Equity market
14 830 22 866 
Total derivative assets
17 11,137 712 11,866 
Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (5)— — 55 55 
Separate account assets (6)91,850 107,035 1,085 199,970 
Total assets (7)$129,087 $423,443 $32,991 $585,521 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities: (4)
Interest rate
$$168 $68 $238 
Foreign currency exchange rate
— 3,063 38 3,101 
Credit
— 121 — 121 
Equity market
38 719 12 769 
Total derivative liabilities
40 4,071 118 4,229 
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (5)— — 1,196 1,196 
Separate account liabilities (6)12 26 
Total liabilities
$52 $4,079 $1,320 $5,451 
__________________
(1)Excludes amounts reclassified to assets held-for-sale or liabilities held-for-sale. Assets held-for-sale and liabilities held-for-sale are valued on a basis consistent with similar assets and liabilities described herein. See Note 3 for information on the Company’s business dispositions.
(2)Unit-linked and FVO Securities were primarily comprised of Unit-linked investments at both December 31, 2021 and 2020.
(3)Short-term investments as presented in the tables above differ from the amounts presented on the consolidated balance sheets because certain short-term investments are not measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis.
(4)Derivative assets are presented within other invested assets on the consolidated balance sheets and derivative liabilities are presented within other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The amounts are presented gross in the tables above to reflect the presentation on the consolidated balance sheets, but are presented net for purposes of the rollforward in the Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) tables.
(5)Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts are presented within premiums, reinsurance and other receivables on the consolidated balance sheets. Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts are presented within policyholder account balances and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
(6)Investment performance related to separate account assets is fully offset by corresponding amounts credited to contractholders whose liability is reflected within separate account liabilities. Separate account liabilities are set equal to the estimated fair value of separate account assets. Separate account liabilities presented in the tables above represent derivative liabilities.
(7)Total assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude other limited partnership interests that are measured at estimated fair value using the net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the estimated fair value of such investments was $99 million and $75 million, respectively.
Fair Value Inputs, Quantitative Information
The following table presents certain quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement, and the sensitivity of the estimated fair value to changes in those inputs, for the more significant asset and liability classes measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) at:
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020Impact of
Increase in Input
on Estimated
Fair Value (2)
Valuation TechniquesSignificant
Unobservable Inputs
RangeWeighted
Average (1)
RangeWeighted
Average (1)
Fixed maturity securities AFS (3)
U.S. corporate and foreign corporate
Matrix pricing
Offered quotes (4)
1-165109-186117Increase
Market pricing
Quoted prices (4)
-117100-11698Increase
Consensus pricing
Offered quotes (4)
99-10410054-104101Increase
RMBS
Market pricing
Quoted prices (4)
-12199-15998Increase (5)
ABS
Market pricing
Quoted prices (4)
3-1101021-112100Increase (5)
Derivatives
Interest rate
Present value techniques
Swap yield (6)
151-20018892-184149Increase (7)
Repurchase rates (8)
-(12)-1(6)Decrease (7)
Volatility (9)1%-1%1%-Increase (7)
Foreign currency exchange rate
Present value techniques
Swap yield (6)
2-305134(309)-248(144)Increase (7)
Credit
Present value techniques
Credit spreads (10)96-13310996-9998Decrease (7)
Consensus pricing
Offered quotes (11)
Equity market
Present value techniques or option pricing models
Volatility (12)—%-—%—%21%-29%28%Increase (7)
Correlation (13)—%-—%—%10%-30%10%
Embedded derivatives
Direct, assumed and ceded guaranteed minimum benefits
Option pricing techniques
Mortality rates:
Ages 0 - 40
0%-0.17%0.08%0%-0.17%0.06%Decrease (14)
Ages 41 - 60
0.03%-0.75%0.27%0.03%-0.75%0.30%Decrease (14)
Ages 61 - 115
0.12%-100%2.08%0.12%-100%1.90%Decrease (14)
Lapse rates:
Durations 1 - 10
0.25%-100%6.30%0.25%-100%6.86%Decrease (15)
Durations 11 - 20
0.50%-100%5.22%0.50%-100%5.18%Decrease (15)
Durations 21 - 116
0.50%-100%5.22%0.50%-100%5.18%Decrease (15)
Utilization rates
0%-22%0.22%0%-22%0.17%Increase (16)
Withdrawal rates
0%-20%3.72%0%-20%3.98%(17)
Long-term equity volatilities
7.69%-25%18.60%8.33%-27%18.70%Increase (18)
Nonperformance risk spread
0.04%-1.45%0.35%0.04%-1.18%0.40%Decrease (19)
__________________
(1)The weighted average for fixed maturity securities AFS and derivatives is determined based on the estimated fair value of the securities and derivatives. The weighted average for embedded derivatives is determined based on a combination of account values and experience data.
(2)The impact of a decrease in input would have resulted in the opposite impact on estimated fair value. For embedded derivatives, changes to direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits are based on liability positions; changes to ceded guaranteed minimum benefits are based on asset positions.
(3)Significant increases (decreases) in expected default rates in isolation would have resulted in substantially lower (higher) valuations.
(4)Range and weighted average are presented in accordance with the market convention for fixed maturity securities AFS of dollars per hundred dollars of par.
(5)Changes in the assumptions used for the probability of default would have been accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the loss severity and a directionally opposite change in the assumptions used for prepayment rates.
(6)Ranges represent the rates across different yield curves and are presented in basis points. The swap yield curves are utilized among different types of derivatives to project cash flows, as well as to discount future cash flows to present value. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across a yield curve to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(7)Changes in estimated fair value are based on long U.S. dollar net asset positions and will be inversely impacted for short U.S. dollar net asset positions.
(8)Ranges represent different repurchase rates utilized as components within the valuation methodology and are presented in basis points.
(9)Ranges represent the underlying interest rate volatility quoted in percentage points. Since this valuation methodology uses an equivalent of LIBOR for secured overnight financing rate volatility, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(10)Represents the risk quoted in basis points of a credit default event on the underlying instrument. Credit derivatives with significant unobservable inputs are primarily comprised of written credit default swaps.
(11)At both December 31, 2021 and 2020, independent non-binding broker quotations were used in the determination of less than 1% of the total net derivative estimated fair value.
(12)Ranges represent the underlying equity volatility quoted in percentage points. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across multiple volatility surfaces to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(13)Ranges represent the different correlation factors utilized as components within the valuation methodology. Presenting a range of correlation factors is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation. Increases (decreases) in correlation in isolation will increase (decrease) the significance of the change in valuations.
(14)Mortality rates vary by age and by demographic characteristics such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on company experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(15)Base lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on a comparison of the actuarially calculated guaranteed values and the current policyholder account value, as well as other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. A dynamic lapse function reduces the base lapse rate when the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value as in the money contracts are less likely to lapse. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(16)The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contractholders with GMIBs or a lifetime withdrawal benefit who will elect to utilize the benefit upon becoming eligible. The rates may vary by the type of guarantee, the amount by which the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value, the contract’s withdrawal history and by the age of the policyholder. For any given contract, utilization rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(17)The withdrawal rate represents the percentage of account balance that any given policyholder will elect to withdraw from the contract each year. The withdrawal rate assumption varies by age and duration of the contract, and also by other factors such as benefit type. For any given contract, withdrawal rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative. For GMWBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in an increase (decrease) in the estimated fair value of the guarantees. For GMABs and GMIBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in a decrease (increase) in the estimated fair value.
(18)Long-term equity volatilities represent equity volatility beyond the period for which observable equity volatilities are available. For any given contract, long-term equity volatility rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(19)Nonperformance risk spread varies by duration and by currency. For any given contract, multiple nonperformance risk spreads will apply, depending on the duration of the cash flow being discounted for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
Fair Value, Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following tables summarize the change of all assets (liabilities) measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fixed Maturity Securities AFS
Corporate (7)Foreign
Government
Structured
Products
MunicipalsEquity
Securities
Unit-linked and FVO
Securities
(In millions)
Balance, January 1, 2020$14,229 $117 $4,458 $$430 $625 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)(88)(2)49 — 12 67 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI1,774 (1)41 — — — 
Purchases (3)5,013 29 1,975 — 11 47 
Sales (3)(1,107)(8)(918)— (156)(101)
Issuances (3)— — — — — — 
Settlements (3)— — — — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (4)4,985 127 — — 154 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4), (5)(705)(24)(443)(7)(147)(91)
Balance, December 31, 202024,101 117 5,289 — 150 701 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)(34)— 46 — 27 101 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI(1,334)(2)(26)— — — 
Purchases (3)4,988 1,824 — 12 42 
Sales (3)(1,543)(8)(1,326)— (35)(18)
Issuances (3)— — — — — — 
Settlements (3)— — — — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (4)179 12 358 — — 86 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)(922)(29)(294)— (3)(11)
Balance, December 31, 2021$25,435 $91 $5,871 $— $151 $901 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2019 (6)
$(50)$— $44 $— $39 $48 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2020 (6)
$(48)$(1)$54 $— $$69 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2021 (6)
$(5)$— $42 $— $13 $101 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2020 (6)
$1,754 $(1)$47 $— $— $— 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2021 (6)
$(1,293)$(2)$(24)$— $— $— 
Gains (Losses) Data for the year ended December 31, 2019:
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)$(49)$— $46 $— $47 $48 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI$893 $(2)$42 $— $— $— 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Short-term
Investments
Residential Mortgage
Loans - FVO
Other
Investments
Net
Derivatives (8)
Net Embedded
Derivatives (9)
Separate
Accounts (10)
(In millions)
Balance, January 1, 2020$32 $188 $455 $(146)$(742)$980 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)(7)19 279 (110)(5)
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI— — 761 (34)— 
Purchases (3)38 — 99 — 270 
Sales (3)(17)(13)— — — (159)
Issuances (3)— — — (2)— (4)
Settlements (3)— (19)— (296)(255)
Transfers into Level 3 (4)— — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4), (5)(16)— — (6)— (5)
Balance, December 31, 202043 165 573 594 (1,141)1,079 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)(5)94 (460)747 29 
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI(3)— — (334)27 — 
Purchases (3)— 348 30 — 1,056 
Sales (3)(37)(11)(92)— — (44)
Issuances (3)— — — (13)— (2)
Settlements (3)— (22)— 32 (244)
Transfers into Level 3 (4)— — — — 10 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)(3)— (25)(2)— (3)
Balance, December 31, 2021$$127 $898 $(152)$(611)$2,131 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2019 (6)
$— $(14)$— $(129)$264 $— 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2020 (6)
$(7)$$24 $67 $(124)$— 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2021 (6)
$— $(10)$89 $(361)$746 $— 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2020 (6)
$$— $— $579 $(33)$— 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at
December 31, 2021 (6)
$— $— $— $(128)$27 $— 
Gains (Losses) Data for the year ended December 31, 2019:
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)$— $$— $(108)$274 $
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI$(1)$— $— $157 $(2)$— 
__________________
(1)Amortization of premium/accretion of discount is included within net investment income. Impairments and changes in ACL charged to net income (loss) on certain securities are included in net investment gains (losses), while changes in estimated fair value of Unit-linked and FVO Securities and residential mortgage loans — FVO are included in net investment income. Lapses associated with net embedded derivatives are included in net derivative gains (losses). Substantially all realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for net derivatives and net embedded derivatives are reported in net derivative gains (losses).
(2)Interest and dividend accruals, as well as cash interest coupons and dividends received, are excluded from the rollforward.
(3)Items purchased/issued and then sold/settled in the same period are excluded from the rollforward. Fees attributed to embedded derivatives are included in settlements.
(4)Items transferred into and then out of Level 3 in the same period are excluded from the rollforward.
(5)Transfers out of Level 3 for the year ended December 31, 2020 included $137 million of corporate securities and $29 million of Structured Products reclassified to assets held-for-sale. See Note 3 for information on the Company’s business dispositions.
(6)Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) and included in AOCI relate to assets and liabilities still held at the end of the respective periods. Substantially all changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for net derivatives and net embedded derivatives are reported in net derivative gains (losses).
(7)Comprised of U.S. and foreign corporate securities.
(8)Freestanding derivative assets and liabilities are presented net for purposes of the rollforward.
(9)Embedded derivative assets and liabilities are presented net for purposes of the rollforward.
(10)Investment performance related to separate account assets is fully offset by corresponding amounts credited to contractholders within separate account liabilities. Therefore, such changes in estimated fair value are not recorded in net income (loss). For the purpose of this disclosure, these changes are presented within net income (loss). Separate account assets and liabilities are presented net for the purposes of the rollforward.
Fair Value Option The following table presents information for residential mortgage loans which are accounted for under the FVO and were initially measured at fair value.
December 31,
20212020
(In millions)
Unpaid principal balance$130 $172 
Difference between estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance(3)(7)
Carrying value at estimated fair value$127 $165 
Loans in nonaccrual status$32 $45 
Loans more than 90 days past due$14 $27 
Loans in nonaccrual status or more than 90 days past due, or both — difference between aggregate estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance
$(7)$(13)
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table presents information for assets measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the periods and still held at the reporting dates (for example, when there is evidence of impairment), using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
At December 31,For the Years Ended December 31,
20212020202120202019
Carrying Value After MeasurementGains (Losses)
(In millions)
Mortgage loans, net (1)$328 $408 $(116)$(127)$(2)
Other assets (2)
$82 $— $(74)$— $(43)
__________________
(1)Estimated fair values for impaired mortgage loans are based on estimated fair value of the underlying collateral.
(2)The Company recognized impairments related to the abandonment of certain leased office space and the related leasehold improvements.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments Carried at Other Than Fair Value
The carrying values and estimated fair values for such financial instruments, and their corresponding placement in the fair value hierarchy, are summarized as follows at:
December 31, 2021 (1)
Fair Value Hierarchy
Carrying
Value
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Assets
Mortgage loans (2)$79,226 $— $— $82,788 $82,788 
Policy loans
$9,111 $— $— $10,751 $10,751 
Other invested assets
$1,025 $— $769 $256 $1,025 
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables
$2,262 $— $492 $1,962 $2,454 
Other assets
$290 $— $101 $190 $291 
Liabilities
Policyholder account balances
$123,865 $— $— $127,728 $127,728 
Long-term debt
$13,852 $— $16,621 $— $16,621 
Collateral financing arrangement
$766 $— $— $630 $630 
Junior subordinated debt securities
$3,156 $— $4,447 $— $4,447 
Other liabilities
$2,143 $— $514 $2,321 $2,835 
Separate account liabilities
$95,619 $— $95,619 $— $95,619 
December 31, 2020 (1)
Fair Value Hierarchy
Carrying
Value
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Assets
Mortgage loans (2)
$83,754 $— $— $88,675 $88,675 
Policy loans$9,493 $— $— $11,598 $11,598 
Other invested assets$1,188 $— $814 $374 $1,188 
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables$2,729 $— $908 $2,070 $2,978 
Other assets$300 $— $111 $190 $301 
Liabilities
Policyholder account balances$126,458 $— $— $134,569 $134,569 
Long-term debt$14,492 $— $18,332 $— $18,332 
Collateral financing arrangement$845 $— $— $710 $710 
Junior subordinated debt securities$3,153 $— $4,604 $— $4,604 
Other liabilities$2,113 $— $527 $2,606 $3,133 
Separate account liabilities$115,682 $— $115,682 $— $115,682 
_________________
(1)Excludes amounts reclassified to assets held-for-sale or liabilities held-for-sale. See Note 3 for information on the Company’s business dispositions.
(2)Includes mortgage loans measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis and excludes mortgage loans measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis.