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Other Revenues and Other Expenses
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
Other Revenues and Other Expenses Disclosure 11. Other Revenues and Other Expenses
Other Revenues
Information on other revenues, which primarily includes fees related to service contracts from customers, was as follows:
 
 
Three Months
Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months
Ended
June 30,
 
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
 
 
(In millions)
Prepaid legal plans
 
$
99

 
$
86

 
$
200

 
$
172

Fee-based investment management
 
71

 
69

 
150

 
146

Recordkeeping and administrative services (1)
 
46

 
52

 
95

 
102

Administrative services-only contracts
 
54

 
53

 
110

 
106

Other revenue from service contracts from customers
 
54

 
64

 
114

 
135

Total revenues from service contracts from customers
 
324

 
324

 
669

 
661

Other
 
132

 
154

 
226

 
311

Total other revenues
 
$
456

 
$
478

 
$
895

 
$
972

__________________
(1)
Related to products and businesses no longer actively marketed by the Company.
Other Expenses
Information on other expenses was as follows:
 
 
Three Months
Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months
Ended
June 30,
 
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
 
 
(In millions)
Employee-related costs (1)
 
$
842

 
$
916

 
$
1,711

 
$
1,838

Third party staffing costs
 
311

 
420

 
659

 
789

General and administrative expenses
 
191

 
237

 
381

 
460

Pension, postretirement and postemployment benefit costs
 
37

 
57

 
76

 
113

Premium taxes, other taxes, and licenses & fees
 
176

 
174

 
369

 
344

Commissions and other variable expenses
 
1,315

 
1,470

 
2,723

 
2,919

Capitalization of DAC
 
(671
)
 
(837
)
 
(1,445
)
 
(1,649
)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA
 
560

 
689

 
1,348

 
1,313

Amortization of negative VOBA
 
(10
)
 
(10
)
 
(20
)
 
(20
)
Interest expense on debt
 
232

 
274

 
454

 
508

Total other expenses
 
$
2,983


$
3,390


$
6,256

 
$
6,615


__________________
(1)
Includes ($80) million and ($40) million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and ($41) million and ($117) million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, for the net change in cash surrender value of investments in certain life insurance policies, net of premiums paid.
Restructuring Charges
In December 2019, the Company incurred the remaining restructuring charges related to its unit cost improvement program. During this program period, restructuring charges were included in other expenses and reported in Corporate & Other. Such restructuring charges were as follows:
 
 
Three Months
Ended
June 30,
 
Six Months
Ended
June 30,
 
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
 
 
Severance
 
 
(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
22

 
$
17

 
$
57

 
$
23

Restructuring charges
 

 
14

 

 
21

Cash payments
 
(4
)
 
(11
)
 
(39
)
 
(24
)
Balance, end of period
 
$
18

 
$
20

 
$
18

 
$
20

Total severance charges incurred since inception of initiative
 
$
244

 
$
157

 
$
244

 
$
157