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Fair Value (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis and their corresponding placement in the fair value hierarchy, including those items for which the Company has elected the FVO, are presented below.
 
December 31, 2013
 
Fair Value Hierarchy
 
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total Estimated
Fair Value
 
(In millions)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. corporate
$

 
$
99,321

 
$
7,148

 
$
106,469

Foreign corporate

 
56,448

 
6,704

 
63,152

Foreign government

 
52,202

 
2,235

 
54,437

U.S. Treasury and agency
25,061

 
20,000

 
62

 
45,123

RMBS

 
32,098

 
2,957

 
35,055

CMBS

 
15,578

 
972

 
16,550

ABS

 
11,361

 
4,210

 
15,571

State and political subdivision

 
13,820

 
10

 
13,830

Total fixed maturity securities
25,061

 
300,828

 
24,298

 
350,187

Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Common stock
1,186

 
990

 
177

 
2,353

Non-redeemable preferred stock

 
654

 
395

 
1,049

Total equity securities
1,186

 
1,644

 
572

 
3,402

FVO and trading securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Actively Traded Securities
2

 
648

 
12

 
662

FVO general account securities
518

 
80

 
29

 
627

FVO contractholder-directed unit-linked investments
10,702

 
4,806

 
603

 
16,111

FVO securities held by CSEs

 
23

 

 
23

Total FVO and trading securities
11,222

 
5,557

 
644

 
17,423

Short-term investments (1)
5,915

 
6,943

 
254

 
13,112

Mortgage loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage loans — FVO

 

 
338

 
338

Commercial mortgage loans held by CSEs — FVO

 
1,598

 

 
1,598

Mortgage loans held-for-sale (2)

 

 

 

Total mortgage loans

 
1,598

 
338

 
1,936

Other invested assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 

Other investments
188

 
71

 

 
259

Derivative assets: (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 

Interest rate
10

 
5,557

 
27

 
5,594

Foreign currency exchange rate
1

 
1,280

 
28

 
1,309

Credit

 
144

 
29

 
173

Equity market
1

 
1,233

 
285

 
1,519

Total derivative assets
12

 
8,214

 
369

 
8,595

Total other invested assets
200

 
8,285

 
369

 
8,854

Net embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (4)

 

 
285

 
285

Separate account assets (5)
89,960

 
225,776

 
1,465

 
317,201

Total assets
$
133,544

 
$
550,631

 
$
28,225

 
$
712,400

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities: (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
$
9

 
$
2,568

 
$
14

 
$
2,591

Foreign currency exchange rate
1

 
1,971

 
39

 
2,011

Credit

 
52

 

 
52

Equity market
43

 
1,222

 
602

 
1,867

Total derivative liabilities
53

 
5,813

 
655

 
6,521

Net embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)

 
4

 
(973
)
 
(969
)
Long-term debt of CSEs — FVO

 
1,427

 
28

 
1,455

Trading liabilities (6)
260

 
2

 

 
262

Total liabilities
$
313

 
$
7,246

 
$
(290
)
 
$
7,269

 
December 31, 2012
 
Fair Value Hierarchy
 
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
 Total Estimated Fair Value
 
(In millions)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. corporate
$

 
$
106,693

 
$
7,433

 
$
114,126

Foreign corporate

 
60,976

 
6,208

 
67,184

Foreign government

 
55,522

 
1,814

 
57,336

U.S. Treasury and agency
27,441

 
20,455

 
71

 
47,967

RMBS

 
35,442

 
2,037

 
37,479

CMBS

 
17,982

 
1,147

 
19,129

ABS

 
12,341

 
3,656

 
15,997

State and political subdivision

 
14,994

 
54

 
15,048

Total fixed maturity securities
27,441

 
324,405

 
22,420

 
374,266

Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
932

 
1,040

 
190

 
2,162

Non-redeemable preferred stock

 
310

 
419

 
729

Total equity securities
932

 
1,350

 
609

 
2,891

FVO and trading securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Actively Traded Securities
7

 
646

 
6

 
659

FVO general account securities

 
151

 
32

 
183

FVO contractholder-directed unit-linked investments
9,103

 
5,425

 
937

 
15,465

FVO securities held by CSEs

 
41

 

 
41

Total FVO and trading securities
9,110

 
6,263

 
975

 
16,348

Short-term investments (1)
9,426

 
6,295

 
429

 
16,150

Mortgage loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgage loans — FVO

 

 

 

Commercial mortgage loans held by CSEs — FVO

 
2,666

 

 
2,666

Mortgage loans held-for-sale (2)

 

 
49

 
49

Total mortgage loans

 
2,666

 
49

 
2,715

Other invested assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
303

 
123

 

 
426

Derivative assets: (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
1

 
9,648

 
206

 
9,855

Foreign currency exchange rate
4

 
819

 
44

 
867

Credit

 
47

 
43

 
90

Equity market
14

 
2,478

 
473

 
2,965

Total derivative assets
19

 
12,992

 
766

 
13,777

Total other invested assets
322

 
13,115

 
766

 
14,203

Net embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (4)

 
1

 
505

 
506

Separate account assets (5)
31,620

 
202,568

 
1,205

 
235,393

Total assets
$
78,851

 
$
556,663

 
$
26,958

 
$
662,472

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities: (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
$
38

 
$
3,001

 
$
29

 
$
3,068

Foreign currency exchange rate

 
1,521

 
7

 
1,528

Credit

 
39

 

 
39

Equity market
132

 
424

 
345

 
901

Total derivative liabilities
170

 
4,985

 
381

 
5,536

Net embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)

 
17

 
3,667

 
3,684

Long-term debt of CSEs — FVO

 
2,483

 
44

 
2,527

Trading liabilities (6)
163

 

 

 
163

Total liabilities
$
333

 
$
7,485

 
$
4,092

 
$
11,910

______________
(1)
Short-term investments as presented in the tables above differ from the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets because certain short-term investments are not measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis.
(2)
See “— Fair Value Option” for additional information on mortgage loans held-for-sale. The amounts in the preceding tables differ from the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets as these tables do not include mortgage loans that are stated at lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value.
(3)
Derivative assets are presented within other invested assets in the consolidated balance sheets and derivative liabilities are presented within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The amounts are presented gross in the tables above to reflect the presentation in the consolidated balance sheets, but are presented net for purposes of the rollforward in the Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) tables.
(4)
Net embedded derivatives within asset host contracts are presented primarily within premiums, reinsurance and other receivables in the consolidated balance sheets. Net embedded derivatives within liability host contracts are presented primarily within PABs in the consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, equity securities also included embedded derivatives of ($145) million and ($88) million, respectively.
(5)
Investment performance related to separate account assets is fully offset by corresponding amounts credited to contractholders whose liability is reflected within separate account liabilities. Separate account liabilities are set equal to the estimated fair value of separate account assets.
(6)
Trading liabilities are presented within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
Fair Value Inputs, Quantitative Information
The following table presents certain quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement, and the sensitivity of the estimated fair value to changes in those inputs, for the more significant asset and liability classes measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) at:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Impact of
Increase in Input
on Estimated
Fair Value (2)
 
Valuation
Techniques
 
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average (1)
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average (1)
 
Fixed maturity securities: (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. corporate and foreign corporate
Matrix pricing
 
Delta spread adjustments (4)
 
(10)
-
240
 
46
 
(50)
-
500
 
90
 
Decrease
 
 
 
 
Illiquidity premium (4)
 
30
-
30
 
30
 
30
-
30
 
30
 
Decrease
 
 
 
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
(1,489)
-
876
 
174
 
(1,416)
-
876
 
272
 
Decrease
 
 
 
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
4
-
145
 
100
 
-
348
 
115
 
Increase
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
33
-
145
 
95
 
-
555
 
92
 
Increase
Foreign government
Matrix pricing
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
4
-
72
 
32
 
(58)
-
150
 
72
 
Decrease
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
64
-
156
 
100
 
77
-
146
 
99
 
Increase
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
84
-
156
 
107
 
82
-
200
 
117
 
Increase
RMBS
Matrix pricing and
discounted cash flow
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
(136)
-
3,609
 
288
 
9
-
2,980
 
521
 
Decrease (6)
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
10
-
109
 
98
 
13
-
109
 
100
 
Increase (6)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
69
-
101
 
93
 
28
-
100
 
75
 
Increase (6)
CMBS
Matrix pricing and
discounted cash flow
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
215
-
2,025
 
409
 
1
-
9,164
 
374
 
Decrease (6)
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
70
-
104
 
97
 
1
-
106
 
99
 
Increase (6)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
90
-
101
 
95
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase (6)
ABS
Matrix pricing and
discounted cash flow
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
30
-
1,878
 
145
 
-
1,829
 
109
 
Decrease (6)
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
-
110
 
101
 
40
-
105
 
100
 
Increase (6)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
56
-
106
 
98
 
-
111
 
97
 
Increase (6)
Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
Present value techniques
 
Swap yield (7)
 
248
-
450
 
 
 
186
-
353
 
 
 
Increase (12)
Foreign currency exchange rate
Present value techniques
 
Swap yield (7)
 
97
-
767
 
 
 
228
-
795
 
 
 
Increase (12)
 
 
 
 
Correlation (8)
 
38%
-
47%
 
 
 
43%
-
57%
 
 
 
 
Credit
Present value techniques
 
Credit spreads (9)
 
98
-
101
 
 
 
100
-
100
 
 
 
Decrease (9)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (10)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity market
Present value techniques
or option pricing models
 
Volatility (11)
 
13%
-
28%
 
 
 
13%
-
32%
 
 
 
Increase (12)
 
 
 
 
Correlation (8)
 
60%
-
60%
 
 
 
65%
-
65%
 
 
 
 
Embedded derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits
Option pricing
techniques
 
Mortality rates:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ages 0 - 40
 
0%
-
0.14%
 
 
 
0%
-
0.14%
 
 
 
Decrease (13)
 
 
 
 
 
Ages 41 - 60
 
0.04%
-
0.88%
 
 
 
0.05%
-
0.88%
 
 
 
Decrease (13)
 
 
 
 
 
Ages 61 - 115
 
0.26%
-
100%
 
 
 
0.26%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (13)
 
 
 
 
Lapse rates:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Durations 1 - 10
 
0.50%
-
100%
 
 
 
0.50%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (14)
 
 
 
 
 
Durations 11 - 20
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (14)
 
 
 
 
 
Durations 21 - 116
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (14)
 
 
 
 
Utilization rates
 
20%
-
50%
 
 
 
20%
-
50%
 
 
 
Increase (15)
 
 
 
 
Withdrawal rates
 
0%
-
40%
 
 
 
0.07%
-
20%
 
 
 
(16)
 
 
 
 
Long-term equity volatilities
 
9.14%
-
40%
 
 
 
15.18%
-
40%
 
 
 
Increase (17)
 
 
 
 
Nonperformance risk spread
 
(1.08)%
-
0.83%
 
 
 
0.10%
-
1.72%
 
 
 
Decrease (18)
______________

(1)
The weighted average for fixed maturity securities is determined based on the estimated fair value of the securities.
(2)
The impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on the estimated fair value. For embedded derivatives, changes are based on liability positions.
(3)
Significant increases (decreases) in expected default rates in isolation would result in substantially lower (higher) valuations.
(4)
Range and weighted average are presented in basis points.
(5)
Range and weighted average are presented in accordance with the market convention for fixed maturity securities of dollars per hundred dollars of par.
(6)
Changes in the assumptions used for the probability of default is accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the loss severity and a directionally opposite change in the assumptions used for prepayment rates.
(7)
Ranges represent the rates across different yield curves and are presented in basis points. The swap yield curve is utilized among different types of derivatives to project cash flows, as well as to discount future cash flows to present value. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across a yield curve to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(8)
Ranges represent the different correlation factors utilized as components within the valuation methodology. Presenting a range of correlation factors is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation. Increases (decreases) in correlation in isolation will increase (decrease) the significance of the change in valuations.
(9)
Represents the risk quoted in basis points of a credit default event on the underlying instrument. The range being provided is a single quoted spread in the valuation model. Credit derivatives with significant unobservable inputs are primarily comprised of written credit default swaps.
(10)
At both December 31, 2013 and 2012, independent non-binding broker quotations were used in the determination of less than 1% of the total net derivative estimated fair value.
(11)
Ranges represent the underlying equity volatility quoted in percentage points. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across multiple volatility surfaces to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(12)
Changes are based on long U.S. dollar net asset positions and will be inversely impacted for short U.S. dollar net asset positions.
(13)
Mortality rates vary by age and by demographic characteristics such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on company experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(14)
Base lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on a comparison of the actuarially calculated guaranteed values and the current policyholder account value, as well as other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. A dynamic lapse function reduces the base lapse rate when the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value as in the money contracts are less likely to lapse. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(15)
The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contract holders with a GMIB or lifetime withdrawal benefit who will elect to utilize the benefit upon becoming eligible. The rates may vary by the type of guarantee, the amount by which the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value, the contract’s withdrawal history and by the age of the policyholder. For any given contract, utilization rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(16)
The withdrawal rate represents the percentage of account balance that any given policyholder will elect to withdraw from the contract each year. The withdrawal rate assumption varies by age and duration of the contract, and also by other factors such as benefit type. For any given contract, withdrawal rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative. For GMWBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in an increase (decrease) in the estimated fair value of the guarantees. For GMABs and GMIBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in a decrease (increase) in the estimated fair value.
(17)
Long-term equity volatilities represent equity volatility beyond the period for which observable equity volatilities are available. For any given contract, long-term equity volatility rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(18)
Nonperformance risk spread varies by duration and by currency. For any given contract, multiple nonperformance risk spreads will apply, depending on the duration of the cash flow being discounted for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
Fair Value Inputs, Quantitative Information
The following table presents certain quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement, and the sensitivity of the estimated fair value to changes in those inputs, for the more significant asset and liability classes measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) at:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Impact of
Increase in Input
on Estimated
Fair Value (2)
 
Valuation
Techniques
 
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average (1)
 
Range
 
Weighted
Average (1)
 
Fixed maturity securities: (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. corporate and foreign corporate
Matrix pricing
 
Delta spread adjustments (4)
 
(10)
-
240
 
46
 
(50)
-
500
 
90
 
Decrease
 
 
 
 
Illiquidity premium (4)
 
30
-
30
 
30
 
30
-
30
 
30
 
Decrease
 
 
 
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
(1,489)
-
876
 
174
 
(1,416)
-
876
 
272
 
Decrease
 
 
 
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
4
-
145
 
100
 
-
348
 
115
 
Increase
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
33
-
145
 
95
 
-
555
 
92
 
Increase
Foreign government
Matrix pricing
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
4
-
72
 
32
 
(58)
-
150
 
72
 
Decrease
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
64
-
156
 
100
 
77
-
146
 
99
 
Increase
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
84
-
156
 
107
 
82
-
200
 
117
 
Increase
RMBS
Matrix pricing and
discounted cash flow
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
(136)
-
3,609
 
288
 
9
-
2,980
 
521
 
Decrease (6)
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
10
-
109
 
98
 
13
-
109
 
100
 
Increase (6)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
69
-
101
 
93
 
28
-
100
 
75
 
Increase (6)
CMBS
Matrix pricing and
discounted cash flow
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
215
-
2,025
 
409
 
1
-
9,164
 
374
 
Decrease (6)
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
70
-
104
 
97
 
1
-
106
 
99
 
Increase (6)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
90
-
101
 
95
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase (6)
ABS
Matrix pricing and
discounted cash flow
 
Credit spreads (4)
 
30
-
1,878
 
145
 
-
1,829
 
109
 
Decrease (6)
 
Market pricing
 
Quoted prices (5)
 
-
110
 
101
 
40
-
105
 
100
 
Increase (6)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (5)
 
56
-
106
 
98
 
-
111
 
97
 
Increase (6)
Derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate
Present value techniques
 
Swap yield (7)
 
248
-
450
 
 
 
186
-
353
 
 
 
Increase (12)
Foreign currency exchange rate
Present value techniques
 
Swap yield (7)
 
97
-
767
 
 
 
228
-
795
 
 
 
Increase (12)
 
 
 
 
Correlation (8)
 
38%
-
47%
 
 
 
43%
-
57%
 
 
 
 
Credit
Present value techniques
 
Credit spreads (9)
 
98
-
101
 
 
 
100
-
100
 
 
 
Decrease (9)
 
Consensus pricing
 
Offered quotes (10)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity market
Present value techniques
or option pricing models
 
Volatility (11)
 
13%
-
28%
 
 
 
13%
-
32%
 
 
 
Increase (12)
 
 
 
 
Correlation (8)
 
60%
-
60%
 
 
 
65%
-
65%
 
 
 
 
Embedded derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits
Option pricing
techniques
 
Mortality rates:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ages 0 - 40
 
0%
-
0.14%
 
 
 
0%
-
0.14%
 
 
 
Decrease (13)
 
 
 
 
 
Ages 41 - 60
 
0.04%
-
0.88%
 
 
 
0.05%
-
0.88%
 
 
 
Decrease (13)
 
 
 
 
 
Ages 61 - 115
 
0.26%
-
100%
 
 
 
0.26%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (13)
 
 
 
 
Lapse rates:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Durations 1 - 10
 
0.50%
-
100%
 
 
 
0.50%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (14)
 
 
 
 
 
Durations 11 - 20
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (14)
 
 
 
 
 
Durations 21 - 116
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
2%
-
100%
 
 
 
Decrease (14)
 
 
 
 
Utilization rates
 
20%
-
50%
 
 
 
20%
-
50%
 
 
 
Increase (15)
 
 
 
 
Withdrawal rates
 
0%
-
40%
 
 
 
0.07%
-
20%
 
 
 
(16)
 
 
 
 
Long-term equity volatilities
 
9.14%
-
40%
 
 
 
15.18%
-
40%
 
 
 
Increase (17)
 
 
 
 
Nonperformance risk spread
 
(1.08)%
-
0.83%
 
 
 
0.10%
-
1.72%
 
 
 
Decrease (18)
______________

(1)
The weighted average for fixed maturity securities is determined based on the estimated fair value of the securities.
(2)
The impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on the estimated fair value. For embedded derivatives, changes are based on liability positions.
(3)
Significant increases (decreases) in expected default rates in isolation would result in substantially lower (higher) valuations.
(4)
Range and weighted average are presented in basis points.
(5)
Range and weighted average are presented in accordance with the market convention for fixed maturity securities of dollars per hundred dollars of par.
(6)
Changes in the assumptions used for the probability of default is accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the loss severity and a directionally opposite change in the assumptions used for prepayment rates.
(7)
Ranges represent the rates across different yield curves and are presented in basis points. The swap yield curve is utilized among different types of derivatives to project cash flows, as well as to discount future cash flows to present value. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across a yield curve to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(8)
Ranges represent the different correlation factors utilized as components within the valuation methodology. Presenting a range of correlation factors is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation. Increases (decreases) in correlation in isolation will increase (decrease) the significance of the change in valuations.
(9)
Represents the risk quoted in basis points of a credit default event on the underlying instrument. The range being provided is a single quoted spread in the valuation model. Credit derivatives with significant unobservable inputs are primarily comprised of written credit default swaps.
(10)
At both December 31, 2013 and 2012, independent non-binding broker quotations were used in the determination of less than 1% of the total net derivative estimated fair value.
(11)
Ranges represent the underlying equity volatility quoted in percentage points. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across multiple volatility surfaces to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.
(12)
Changes are based on long U.S. dollar net asset positions and will be inversely impacted for short U.S. dollar net asset positions.
(13)
Mortality rates vary by age and by demographic characteristics such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on company experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(14)
Base lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on a comparison of the actuarially calculated guaranteed values and the current policyholder account value, as well as other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. A dynamic lapse function reduces the base lapse rate when the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value as in the money contracts are less likely to lapse. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(15)
The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contract holders with a GMIB or lifetime withdrawal benefit who will elect to utilize the benefit upon becoming eligible. The rates may vary by the type of guarantee, the amount by which the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value, the contract’s withdrawal history and by the age of the policyholder. For any given contract, utilization rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(16)
The withdrawal rate represents the percentage of account balance that any given policyholder will elect to withdraw from the contract each year. The withdrawal rate assumption varies by age and duration of the contract, and also by other factors such as benefit type. For any given contract, withdrawal rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative. For GMWBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in an increase (decrease) in the estimated fair value of the guarantees. For GMABs and GMIBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in a decrease (increase) in the estimated fair value.
(17)
Long-term equity volatilities represent equity volatility beyond the period for which observable equity volatilities are available. For any given contract, long-term equity volatility rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
(18)
Nonperformance risk spread varies by duration and by currency. For any given contract, multiple nonperformance risk spreads will apply, depending on the duration of the cash flow being discounted for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.
Fair Value, Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation
The following tables summarize the change of all assets and (liabilities) measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):
 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
U.S.
Corporate
 
Foreign
Corporate
 
Foreign
Government
 
U.S.
Treasury
and Agency
 
RMBS
 
CMBS
 
ABS
 
State and
Political
Subdivision
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
7,433

 
$
6,208

 
$
1,814

 
$
71

 
$
2,037

 
$
1,147

 
$
3,656

 
$
54

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
10

 
9

 
9

 

 
31

 
5

 
8

 

Net investment gains (losses)
(31
)
 
(33
)
 
8

 

 
(3
)
 
(14
)
 
5

 

Net derivative gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
(94
)
 
(75
)
 
(84
)
 
(3
)
 
155

 
(45
)
 
(70
)
 
(1
)
Purchases (3)
1,555

 
1,972

 
734

 

 
1,155

 
546

 
1,870

 

Sales (3)
(1,178
)
 
(999
)
 
(128
)
 
(6
)
 
(399
)
 
(450
)
 
(814
)
 
(7
)
Issuances (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Settlements (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers into Level 3 (4)
1,092

 
310

 
81

 

 
56

 
114

 
33

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(1,639
)
 
(688
)
 
(199
)
 

 
(75
)
 
(331
)
 
(478
)
 
(36
)
Balance at December 31,
$
7,148

 
$
6,704

 
$
2,235

 
$
62

 
$
2,957

 
$
972

 
$
4,210

 
$
10

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$
8

 
$
8

 
$
9

 
$

 
$
36

 
$
3

 
$
1

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$
(39
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(3
)
 
$
(12
)
 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Equity Securities:
 
FVO and Trading Securities:
 
 
 
Mortgage Loans:
 
Common
Stock
 
Non-
redeemable
Preferred
Stock
 
Actively
Traded
Securities
 
FVO
General
Account
Securities
 
FVO
Contractholder-
directed
Unit-linked
Investments
 
Short-term
Investments
 
Residential
Mortgage
Loans - FVO
 
Mortgage
Loans Held-
for-sale
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
190

 
$
419

 
$
6

 
$
32

 
$
937

 
$
429

 
$

 
$
49

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income

 

 

 
6

 
(8
)
 
3

 
1

 

Net investment gains (losses)
26

 
(32
)
 

 
6

 

 
(23
)
 

 

Net derivative gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI

 
100

 

 

 

 
17

 

 

Purchases (3)
9

 
21

 
9

 

 
340

 
256

 
339

 

Sales (3)
(45
)
 
(113
)
 

 
(30
)
 
(608
)
 
(427
)
 
(2
)
 
(45
)
Issuances (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Settlements (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(4
)
Transfers into Level 3 (4)
1

 

 

 
15

 
235

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(4
)
 

 
(3
)
 

 
(293
)
 
(1
)
 

 

Balance at December 31,
$
177

 
$
395

 
$
12

 
$
29

 
$
603

 
$
254

 
$
338

 
$

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
5

 
$
(1
)
 
$
2

 
$
1

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$
(3
)
 
$
(20
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Net Derivatives: (6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest
Rate
 
Foreign
Currency
Exchange
Rate
 
Credit
 
Equity
Market
 
Net
Embedded
Derivatives (7)
 
Separate
Account
Assets (8)
 
Long-term
Debt of
CSEs - FVO
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
177

 
$
37

 
$
43

 
$
128

 
$
(3,162
)
 
$
1,205

 
$
(44
)
Total realized/unrealized gains(losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 
35

 
(2
)
Net derivative gains (losses)
(16
)
 
(49
)
 
(12
)
 
(479
)
 
5,041

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 
19

 
(139
)
 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
(102
)
 
(1
)
 

 

 
300

 

 

Purchases (3)

 

 

 
14

 

 
294

 

Sales (3)

 

 

 

 

 
(319
)
 

Issuances (3)

 

 
(1
)
 

 

 
72

 

Settlements (3)
(31
)
 
2

 
(1
)
 
1

 
(782
)
 

 
18

Transfers into Level 3 (4)

 

 

 

 

 
240

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(15
)
 

 

 

 

 
(62
)
 

Balance at December 31,
$
13

 
$
(11
)
 
$
29

 
$
(317
)
 
$
1,258

 
$
1,465

 
$
(28
)
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$
(8
)
 
$
(46
)
 
$
(10
)
 
$
(463
)
 
$
5,022

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
19

 
$
(135
)
 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
U.S.
Corporate
 
Foreign
Corporate
 
Foreign
Government
 
U.S
Treasury
and Agency
 
RMBS
 
CMBS
 
ABS
 
State and
Political
Subdivision
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
6,784

 
$
4,370

 
$
2,322

 
$
31

 
$
1,602

 
$
753

 
$
1,850

 
$
53

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
14

 
20

 
14

 

 
27

 
8

 
18

 

Net investment gains (losses)
4

 
(78
)
 
(3
)
 

 
(7
)
 
(42
)
 
2

 

Net derivative gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
328

 
294

 
45

 

 
275

 
(4
)
 
(2
)
 
3

Purchases (3)
1,718

 
2,654

 
431

 
48

 
952

 
682

 
2,007

 
5

Sales (3)
(1,207
)
 
(855
)
 
(673
)
 
(8
)
 
(704
)
 
(397
)
 
(177
)
 
(7
)
Issuances (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Settlements (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers into Level 3 (4)
661

 
186

 
28

 

 
161

 
177

 
6

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(869
)
 
(383
)
 
(350
)
 

 
(269
)
 
(30
)
 
(48
)
 

Balance at December 31,
$
7,433

 
$
6,208

 
$
1,814

 
$
71

 
$
2,037

 
$
1,147

 
$
3,656

 
$
54

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$
12

 
$
19

 
$
16

 
$

 
$
27

 
$
2

 
$
18

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$
(4
)
 
$
(30
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
(4
)
 
$
(1
)
 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Equity Securities:
 
FVO and Trading Securities:
 
 
 
Mortgage Loans:
 
Common
Stock
 
Non-
redeemable
Preferred
Stock
 
Actively
Traded
Securities
 
FVO
General
Account
Securities
 
FVO
Contractholder-
directed
Unit-linked
Investments
 
Short-term
Investments
 
Residential
Mortgage
Loans - FVO
 
Mortgage Loans Held-
for-sale
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
281

 
$
438

 
$

 
$
23

 
$
1,386

 
$
590

 
$

 
$
1,414

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income

 

 

 
18

 
25

 
2

 

 

Net investment gains (losses)
(1
)
 
2

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net derivative gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(35
)
Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
13

 
40

 

 

 

 
(26
)
 

 

Purchases (3)
99

 
5

 
6

 

 
604

 
425

 

 
1

Sales (3)
(140
)
 
(66
)
 

 
(9
)
 
(1,040
)
 
(559
)
 

 
(1,348
)
Issuances (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
7

Settlements (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(43
)
Transfers into Level 3 (4)
3

 

 

 

 

 
5

 

 
56

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(65
)
 

 

 

 
(38
)
 
(8
)
 

 
(3
)
Balance at December 31,
$
190

 
$
419

 
$
6

 
$
32

 
$
937

 
$
429

 
$

 
$
49

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
14

 
$
25

 
$
1

 
$

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$
(11
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(29
)
Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Net Derivatives: (6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest
Rate
 
Foreign
Currency
Exchange
Rate
 
Credit
 
Equity
Market
 
Net
Embedded
Derivatives (7)
 
Separate
Account
Assets (8)
 
Long-term
Debt of
CSEs - FVO
 
MSRs (9)
 
Liability Related
to Securitized
Reverse Mortgage
Loans (9)
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
300

 
$
44

 
$
1

 
$
889

 
$
(4,203
)
 
$
1,325

 
$
(116
)
 
$
666

 
$
(1,175
)
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 
99

 
(7
)
 

 

Net derivative gains (losses)
15

 
10

 
48

 
(606
)
 
1,305

 

 

 

 

Other revenues
(67
)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(83
)
 
1

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 
29

 
75

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI

 

 

 
(3
)
 
259

 

 

 

 

Purchases (3)

 

 

 
19

 

 
244

 

 

 

Sales (3)

 

 

 

 

 
(443
)
 

 
(485
)
 
1,149

Issuances (3)

 

 
(3
)
 
(44
)
 

 
2

 

 
43

 

Settlements (3)
(71
)
 
(17
)
 
(3
)
 
(156
)
 
(598
)
 
(1
)
 
79

 
(141
)
 
23

Transfers into Level 3 (4)

 

 

 

 

 
24

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)

 

 

 

 

 
(45
)
 

 

 
2

Balance at December 31,
$
177

 
$
37

 
$
43

 
$
128

 
$
(3,162
)
 
$
1,205

 
$
(44
)
 
$

 
$

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(7
)
 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$
(12
)
 
$
47

 
$
(593
)
 
$
1,275

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
29

 
$
78

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Fixed Maturity Securities:
 
U.S.
Corporate
 
Foreign
Corporate
 
Foreign
Government
 
U.S.
Treasury
and Agency
 
RMBS
 
CMBS
 
ABS
 
State and
Political
Subdivision
 
Other
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
7,149

 
$
5,726

 
$
3,134

 
$
79

 
$
2,541

 
$
1,011

 
$
3,026

 
$
46

 
$
4

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
11

 
27

 
18

 

 
10

 
25

 
24

 

 

Net investment gains (losses)
17

 
(9
)
 

 

 
(41
)
 
(16
)
 
(18
)
 

 

Net derivative gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
327

 
(66
)
 

 
3

 
(5
)
 
71

 
81

 
(8
)
 

Purchases (3)
912

 
1,740

 
529

 
6

 
393

 
283

 
1,033

 
11

 

Sales (3)
(887
)
 
(2,094
)
 
(179
)
 
(1
)
 
(213
)
 
(178
)
 
(659
)
 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Issuances (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Settlements (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Transfers into Level 3 (4)
169

 
211

 
123

 

 
20

 
52

 
14

 
10

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(914
)
 
(1,165
)
 
(1,303
)
 
(56
)
 
(1,103
)
 
(495
)
 
(1,651
)
 
(2
)
 

Balance at December 31,
$
6,784

 
$
4,370

 
$
2,322

 
$
31

 
$
1,602

 
$
753

 
$
1,850

 
$
53

 
$

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$
10

 
$
19

 
$
18

 
$

 
$
11

 
$
24

 
$
20

 
$

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$
(27
)
 
$
(31
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$

 
$
(41
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$
(10
)
 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Equity Securities:
 
FVO and Trading Securities:
 
 
 
Mortgage Loans:
 
Common
Stock
 
Non-
redeemable
Preferred
Stock
 
Actively
Traded
Securities
 
FVO
General
Account
Securities
 
FVO
Contractholder-
directed
Unit-linked
Investments
 
Short-term
Investments
 
Residential
Mortgage
Loans - FVO
 
Mortgage
Loans Held-
for-sale
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
268

 
$
905

 
$
10

 
$
77

 
$
735

 
$
858

 
$

 
$
24

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income

 

 

 
(7
)
 
5

 
3

 

 

Net investment gains (losses)
14

 
(71
)
 

 

 

 
(2
)
 

 

Net derivative gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
5

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
5

 
5

 

 

 

 
2

 

 

Purchases (3)
106

 
3

 

 

 
1,246

 
600

 

 
3

Sales (3)
(46
)
 
(416
)
 
(8
)
 
(33
)
 
(478
)
 
(870
)
 

 

Issuances (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
1,361

Settlements (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(87
)
Transfers into Level 3 (4)

 
12

 

 

 
121

 

 

 
109

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)
(66
)
 

 
(2
)
 
(14
)
 
(243
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
Balance at December 31,
$
281

 
$
438

 
$

 
$
23

 
$
1,386

 
$
590

 
$

 
$
1,414

Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(8
)
 
$
(4
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$
(6
)
 
$
(19
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
5

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
 
Net Derivatives: (6)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest
Rate
 
Foreign
Currency
Exchange
Rate
 
Credit
 
Equity
Market
 
Net
Embedded
Derivatives (7)
 
Separate
Account
Assets (8)
 
Long-term
Debt of
CSEs - FVO
 
MSRs (9)
 
Liability Related
to Securitized
Reverse Mortgage
Loans (9)
 
(In millions)
Year Ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1,
$
(86
)
 
$
73

 
$
44

 
$
142

 
$
(2,438
)
 
$
1,983

 
$
(184
)
 
$
950

 
$

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss): (1), (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income

 

 

 
(3
)
 

 

 

 

 

Net investment gains (losses)

 

 

 

 

 
39

 
(8
)
 

 

Net derivative gains (losses)
41

 
(28
)
 
(43
)
 
601

 
(1,277
)
 

 

 

 

Other revenues
62

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(314
)
 

Policyholder benefits and claims

 

 

 
7

 
86

 

 

 

 

Other expenses

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OCI
329

 

 
14

 
1

 
(119
)
 

 

 

 

Purchases (3)
(1
)
 

 
1

 
228

 

 
284

 

 

 

Sales (3)

 

 

 

 

 
(743
)
 

 

 

Issuances (3)

 

 
(3
)
 
(4
)
 

 

 

 
173

 
(1,175
)
Settlements (3)
(44
)
 
(1
)
 
(12
)
 
(8
)
 
(455
)
 

 
76

 
(143
)
 

Transfers into Level 3 (4)
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 
19

 

 

 

Transfers out of Level 3 (4)

 

 

 
(75
)
 

 
(257
)
 

 

 

Balance at December 31,
$
300

 
$
44

 
$
1

 
$
889

 
$
(4,203
)
 
$
1,325

 
$
(116
)
 
$
666

 
$
(1,175
)
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss): (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Net investment gains (losses)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(8
)
 
$

 
$

Net derivative gains (losses)
$
24

 
$
(24
)
 
$
(42
)
 
$
601

 
$
(1,303
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other revenues
$
68

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(282
)
 
$

Policyholder benefits and claims
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
7

 
$
94

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Other expenses
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

______________
(1)
Amortization of premium/accretion of discount is included within net investment income. Impairments charged to net income (loss) on securities and certain mortgage loans are included in net investment gains (losses) while changes in the estimated fair value of certain mortgage loans and MSRs are included in other revenues. Lapses associated with net embedded derivatives are included in net derivative gains (losses).
(2)
Interest and dividend accruals, as well as cash interest coupons and dividends received, are excluded from the rollforward.
(3)
Items purchased/issued and then sold/settled in the same period are excluded from the rollforward. Fees attributed to embedded derivatives are included in settlements.
(4)
Gains and losses, in net income (loss) and OCI, are calculated assuming transfers into and/or out of Level 3 occurred at the beginning of the period. Items transferred into and then out of Level 3 in the same period are excluded from the rollforward.
(5)
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) relate to assets and liabilities still held at the end of the respective periods.
(6)
Freestanding derivative assets and liabilities are presented net for purposes of the rollforward.
(7)
Embedded derivative assets and liabilities are presented net for purposes of the rollforward.
(8)
Investment performance related to separate account assets is fully offset by corresponding amounts credited to contractholders within separate account liabilities. Therefore, such changes in estimated fair value are not recorded in net income. For the purpose of this disclosure, these changes are presented within net investment gains (losses).
(9)
See Note 3 for a discussion of the MetLife Bank Divestiture. Other revenues related to MSRs represent the changes in estimated fair value due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions.
Fair Value Option
The following table presents information for certain assets and liabilities accounted for under the FVO. These assets and liabilities were initially measured at fair value.
 
 
Residential Mortgage
Loans — FVO (1)
 
Certain Assets
and Liabilities
of CSEs (2)
 
 
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
(In millions)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unpaid principal balance
 
$
508

 
$

 
$
1,528

 
$
2,539

Difference between estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance
 
(170
)
 

 
70

 
127

Carrying value at estimated fair value
 
$
338

 
$

 
$
1,598

 
$
2,666

Loans in non-accrual status
 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Loans more than 90 days past due
 
$
81

 
$

 
$

 
$

Loans in non-accrual status or more than 90 days past due, or both — difference between aggregate estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance
 
$
(82
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contractual principal balance
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,445

 
$
2,430

Difference between estimated fair value and contractual principal balance
 
 
 
 
 
10

 
97

Carrying value at estimated fair value
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,455

 
$
2,527

______________
(1)
Interest income, changes in estimated fair value and gains or losses on sales are recognized in net investment income. Changes in estimated fair value for these loans were due to the following:
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
(In millions)
Instrument-specific credit risk based on changes in credit spreads for non-agency loans and adjustments in individual loan quality
$
(1
)
 
$

 
$

Other changes in estimated fair value
1

 

 

Total gains (losses) recognized in net investment income
$

 
$

 
$

 

(2)
These assets and liabilities are comprised of commercial mortgage loans and long-term debt. Changes in estimated fair value on these assets and liabilities and gains or losses on sales of these assets are recognized in net investment gains (losses). Interest income on commercial mortgage loans held by CSEs — FVO is recognized in net investment income. Interest expense from long-term debt of CSEs — FVO is recognized in other expenses.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table presents information for assets measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the periods and still held at the reporting dates; that is, they are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis but are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). The estimated fair values for these assets were determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
 
At December 31,
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
Carrying Value After Measurement
 
Gains (Losses)
 
(In millions)
Mortgage loans: (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-for-investment
$
211

 
$
428

 
$
151

 
$
20

 
$
(11
)
 
$
(15
)
Held-for-sale
$
3

 
$
319

 
$
58

 
$

 
$
(31
)
 
$
(3
)
Other limited partnership interests (2)
$
77

 
$
54

 
$
13

 
$
(46
)
 
$
(33
)
 
$
(5
)
Real estate joint ventures (3)
$
3

 
$
10

 
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$
(6
)
 
$

Goodwill (4)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
(1,868
)
 
$
(65
)
Other assets (5)
$

 
$
32

 
$

 
$

 
$
(77
)
 
$

______________
(1)
Estimated fair values for impaired mortgage loans are based on independent broker quotations or valuation models using unobservable inputs or, if the loans are in foreclosure or are otherwise determined to be collateral dependent, are based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral or the present value of the expected future cash flows.
(2)
For these cost method investments, estimated fair value is determined from information provided in the financial statements of the underlying entities including NAV data. These investments include private equity and debt funds that typically invest primarily in various strategies including domestic and international leveraged buyout funds; power, energy, timber and infrastructure development funds; venture capital funds; and below investment grade debt and mezzanine debt funds. Distributions will be generated from investment gains, from operating income from the underlying investments of the funds and from liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds. It is estimated that the underlying assets of the funds will be liquidated over the next two to 10 years. Unfunded commitments for these investments at both December 31, 2013 and 2012 were not significant.
(3)
For these cost method investments, estimated fair value is determined from information provided in the financial statements of the underlying entities including NAV data. These investments include several real estate funds that typically invest primarily in commercial real estate and mezzanine debt. Distributions will be generated from investment gains, from operating income from the underlying investments of the funds and from liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds. It is estimated that the underlying assets of the funds will be liquidated over the next one to 10 years. Unfunded commitments for these investments at both December 31, 2013 and 2012 were not significant.
(4)
As discussed in Note 11, in 2012, the Company recorded an impairment of goodwill associated with the Retail Annuities reporting unit. In addition, in 2011, the Company recorded an impairment of goodwill associated with MetLife Bank. This impairment has been categorized as Level 3 due to the significant unobservable inputs used in the determination of the estimated fair value.
(5)
As discussed in Note 5, in 2012, the Company recorded an impairment of VOCRA, which is included in other assets.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments Carried at Other Than Fair Value
The carrying values and estimated fair values for such financial instruments, and their corresponding placement in the fair value hierarchy, are summarized as follows at:
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
Fair Value Hierarchy
 
 
 
Carrying
Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Estimated
Fair Value
 
(In millions)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-for-investment
$
55,767

 
$

 
$

 
$
57,921

 
$
57,921

Held-for-sale
3

 

 

 
3

 
3

Mortgage loans, net
$
55,770

 
$

 
$

 
$
57,924

 
$
57,924

Policy loans
$
11,764

 
$

 
$
1,694

 
$
11,512

 
$
13,206

Real estate joint ventures
$
102

 
$

 
$

 
$
169

 
$
169

Other limited partnership interests
$
950

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,109

 
$
1,109

Other invested assets
$
844

 
$
322

 
$
163

 
$
359

 
$
844

Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables
$
3,116

 
$

 
$
728

 
$
2,382

 
$
3,110

Other assets
$
324

 
$

 
$
210

 
$
142

 
$
352

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PABs
$
139,735

 
$

 
$

 
$
144,631

 
$
144,631

Bank deposits
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

Long-term debt
$
17,170

 
$

 
$
18,564

 
$

 
$
18,564

Collateral financing arrangements
$
4,196

 
$

 
$

 
$
3,984

 
$
3,984

Junior subordinated debt securities
$
3,193

 
$

 
$
3,789

 
$

 
$
3,789

Other liabilities
$
2,239

 
$

 
$
948

 
$
1,292

 
$
2,240

Separate account liabilities
$
117,562

 
$

 
$
117,562

 
$

 
$
117,562

 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
Fair Value Hierarchy
 
 
 
Carrying
Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Estimated
Fair Value
 
(In millions)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held-for-investment
$
53,926

 
$

 
$

 
$
57,381

 
$
57,381

Held-for-sale
365

 

 

 
365

 
365

Mortgage loans, net
$
54,291

 
$

 
$

 
$
57,746

 
$
57,746

Policy loans
$
11,884

 
$

 
$
1,690

 
$
12,567

 
$
14,257

Real estate joint ventures
$
113

 
$

 
$

 
$
171

 
$
171

Other limited partnership interests
$
1,154

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,277

 
$
1,277

Other invested assets
$
815

 
$
305

 
$
144

 
$
366

 
$
815

Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables
$
3,287

 
$

 
$
745

 
$
2,960

 
$
3,705

Other assets
$
260

 
$

 
$
214

 
$
78

 
$
292

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PABs
$
149,928

 
$

 
$

 
$
158,040

 
$
158,040

Bank deposits
$
6,416

 
$

 
$
2,018

 
$
4,398

 
$
6,416

Long-term debt
$
16,502

 
$

 
$
18,978

 
$

 
$
18,978

Collateral financing arrangements
$
4,196

 
$

 
$

 
$
3,839

 
$
3,839

Junior subordinated debt securities
$
3,192

 
$

 
$
3,984

 
$

 
$
3,984

Other liabilities
$
1,913

 
$

 
$
673

 
$
1,243

 
$
1,916

Separate account liabilities
$
58,726

 
$

 
$
58,726

 
$

 
$
58,726