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Revenues (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]
      March 31, 2019     March 31, 2018  
               
  Research and development agreements $  416   $  239  
Schedule of Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Table Text Block]
      March 31, 2019     March 31, 2018  
               
  (in U.S. $ thousands)            
               
  Product and services transferred at point in time $  372   $  -  
  Products and services transferred over time   44     239  
    $  416   $  239  
Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas [Table Text Block]
      March 31, 2019     March 31, 2018  
               
  Europe $  385     204  
  Canada   31     35  
    $  416   $  239