Note

21.

Fair Value and Interest Rate Risk

Patriot measures the carrying value of certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value, as required by its policies as a financial institution and by US GAAP. The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, such as available-for-sale securities; while other assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis due to external factors requiring management's judgment to estimate potential losses of value resulting in asset impairments or the establishment of valuation reserves. Measuring assets and liabilities at fair value

may

result in fluctuations to carrying value that have a significant impact on the results of operations or other comprehensive income for the period and period over period.

Following is a detailed summary of the guidance provided by US GAAP regarding the application of fair value measurements and Patriot's application thereof. Additionally, the following information includes detailed summaries of the effects fair value measurements have on the carrying amounts of asset and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements.

The objective of fair value measurement is to value an asset that

may

be sold or a liability that

may

be transferred at the estimated value which might be obtained in a transaction between unrelated parties under current market conditions. US GAAP establishes a framework for measuring assets and liabilities at fair value, as well as certain financial instruments classified in equity. The framework provides a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and minimizes unobservable inputs, which are inputs for which market data are

not

available and that are developed by management using the best information available to develop assumptions about the value market participants might place on the asset to be sold or liability to be transferred.

The

three

levels of the fair value hierarchy consist of:

Level 1	Unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access at the measurement date (such as active exchange-traded equity securities and certain U.S. and government agency debt securities).

Level 2	Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as:
	- Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets (such as U.S. agency and government sponsored mortgage-backed securities)
	- Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less active markets (such as certain U.S. and government agency debt securities, and corporate and municipal debt securities that trade infrequently)
	- Other inputs that are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (i.e. interest rates, yield curves, prepayment speeds, default rates, etc.).

Level 3	Valuation techniques that require unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value measurement of the asset or liability (such as pricing and discounted cash flow models that typically reflect management's estimates of the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability).

A description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, and for estimating fair value for financial and non-financial instruments

not

recorded at fair value, is set forth below.

Cash and due from banks and accrued interest receivable and payable

The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value and accordingly these are classified as Level

These financial instruments are

not

recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.

Available-for-sale securities

The fair value of securities available-for-sale (carried at fair value) are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level

), or matrix pricing (Level

), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, or using unobservable inputs employing various techniques and assumptions (Level

Other Investments

The Bank's investment portfolio includes the Solomon Hess SBA Loan Fund, which is utilized by the Bank to satisfy its Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) lending requirements. As this fund operates as a private fund, shares in the fund are

not

publicly traded but

may

be redeemed with

days' notice at cost. For that reason, the carrying amount was considered comparable to fair value at both

December

31,

2020

and

2019.

Federal Reserve Bank Stock and Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Shares in the FRB and FHLB are purchased and redeemed based upon their

$100

par value. The stocks are non-marketable equity securities, and as such, are considered restricted securities that are carried at cost.

Loans

The fair value of loans are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. We refined our methodology to estimate the fair value of our loan portfolio using an exit price notion. The exit price notion requires determination of the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depending on facts and circumstances, such as origination rates, credit risk, transaction costs, liquidity, national and regional market trends and other adjustments, utilizing publicly available rates and indices. The application of an exit price notion requires the use of significant judgment.

Loans Held for Sale

The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated by using a market approach that includes prices for loans sold awaiting settlement and other observable inputs. The Company has determined that the inputs used to value the loans held for sale fall within Level

of the fair value hierarchy.

SBA Servicing Asset

Servicing assets do

not

trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. The Company estimates the fair value of servicing assets using discounted cash flow models incorporating numerous assumptions from the perspective of a market participant including market discount rates and prepayment speeds. Due to the significant unobservable input related to the servicing rights, the SBA servicing asset is classified within Level

of the valuation hierarchy.

Other Real Estate Owned

The fair value of OREO the Bank

may

obtain is based on current appraised property value less estimated costs to sell. When fair value is based on unadjusted current appraised value, OREO is classified within Level

of the fair value hierarchy. Patriot classifies OREO within Level

of the fair value hierarchy when unobservable inputs are used to determine adjustments to appraised values. Patriot does

not

record OREO at fair value on a recurring basis, but rather initially records OREO at fair value on a non-recurring basis and then monitors property and market conditions that

may

indicate a change in value is warranted.

Derivative Asset (Liability) - Interest Rate Swaps

The valuation of the Company's interest rate swaps is obtained from a

third

-party pricing service and is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. The pricing analysis is based on observable inputs for the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity and interest rate curves. The Company has determined that the inputs used to value its interest rate derivatives fall within Level

of the fair value hierarchy.

Deposits

The fair value of demand deposits, regular savings and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.

The fair value of certificates of deposit and other time deposits is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities, estimated using local market data, to a schedule of aggregated expected maturities on such deposits. Patriot does

not

record deposits at fair value on a recurring basis.

Senior Notes, Subordinated Notes, Junior Subordinated Debt and Note Payable

Patriot does

not

record senior notes at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of the senior notes was estimated by discounting future cash flows at rates at which similar notes would be made. The carrying value is considered comparable to fair value.

Patriot does

not

record subordinated notes issued in

June 2018

at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of the subordinated notes was estimated by discounting future cash flows at rates at which similar notes would be made. The carrying value is considered comparable to fair value.

Patriot does

not

record junior subordinated debt at fair value on a recurring basis. Junior subordinated debt reprices quarterly, as a result, the carrying amount is considered a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The Company considers its own credit worthiness in determining the fair value of its Senior Notes, Subordinated Notes, Notes Payable and Junior Subordinated Debt.

Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings

The fair value of FHLB advances is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies current FHLB interest rates for advances of similar maturity to a schedule of maturities of such advances. Patriot does

not

record FHLB advances at fair value on a recurring basis.

Contingent Consideration Liability

The Company estimates the fair value of the contingent consideration liability by using a discounted cash flow model of future contingent payments based on interest income related to the acquired PCI loans. The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability is reviewed on a quarterly basis and any valuation adjustments resulting from a change of estimated future contingent payments based on interest income of the acquired PCI loans affecting the contingent consideration liability will be recorded through noninterest expense. Due to the significant unobservable input related to the interest income, the contingent consideration liability is classified within Level

of the valuation hierarchy. An increase in the interest income

may

result in a higher fair value of the contingent consideration liability. Alternatively, a decrease in the interest income

may

result in a lower estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability.

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments are based on interest rate changes and fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties' credit standing. The off-balance-sheet financial instruments (i.e., commitments to extend credit) are insignificant and are

not

recorded on a recurring basis.

The following table provides a comparison of the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of Patriot's financial assets and liabilities as of

December

31,

2020

and

2019:

(In thousands)		December 31, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets:
Cash and noninterest bearing balances due from banks	Level 1	$	3,006	$	3,006	$	2,693	$	2,693
Interest-bearing deposits due from banks	Level 1		31,630		31,630		36,711		36,711
Available-for-sale securities	Level 2		49,262		49,262		48,317		48,317
Other investments	Level 2		4,450		4,450		4,450		4,450
Federal Reserve Bank stock	Level 2		2,783		2,783		2,897		2,897
Federal Home Loan Bank stock	Level 2		4,503		4,503		4,477		4,477
Loans receivable, net	Level 3		719,596		716,822		802,049		793,559
Loans held for sale	Level 2		1,217		1,343		15,282		16,733
SBA servicing assets	Level 3		316		375		201		280
Other real estate owned	Level 2		1,906		1,906		2,400		2,400
Accrued interest receivable	Level 2		6,620		6,620		3,603		3,603
Interest rate swap receivable	Level 2		1,187		1,187		694		694

Financial assets, total		$	826,476	$	823,887	$	923,774	$	916,814

Financial Liabilities:
Demand deposits	Level 2	$	158,676	$	158,676	$	88,135	$	88,135
Savings deposits	Level 2		98,635		98,635		64,020		64,020
Money market deposits	Level 2		146,389		146,389		99,115		99,115
NOW accounts	Level 2		30,529		30,529		26,864		26,864
Time deposits	Level 2		210,140		210,882		261,492		261,914
Brokered deposits	Level 1		41,287		41,643		229,909		230,073
FHLB borrowings	Level 2		90,000		97,293		100,000		103,962
Senior notes	Level 2		11,927		12,028		11,853		11,722
Subordinated debt	Level 2		9,782		10,125		9,752		9,747
Junior subordinated debt owed to unconsolidated trust	Level 2		8,110		8,110		8,102		8,102
Note payable	Level 3		994		997		1,193		1,129
Accrued interest payable	Level 2		572		572		1,971		1,971
Contingent consideration liability	Level 3		-		-		86		86
Interest rate swap liability	Level 2		1,187		1,187		694		694

Financial liabilities, total		$	808,228	$	817,066	$	903,186	$	907,534

The carrying amount of cash and noninterest bearing balances due from banks, interest-bearing deposits due from banks, and demand deposits approximates fair value, due to the short-term nature and high turnover of these balances. These amounts are included in the table above for informational purposes.

In the normal course of its operations, Patriot assumes interest rate risk (i.e., the risk that general interest rate levels will fluctuate). As a result, the fair value of Patriot's financial assets and liabilities are affected when interest market rates change, which change

may

be either favorable or unfavorable. Management attempts to mitigate interest rate risk by matching the maturities of its financial assets and liabilities. However, borrowers with fixed rate obligations are less likely to prepay their obligations in a rising interest rate environment and more likely to prepay their obligations in a falling interest rate environment. Conversely, depositors receiving fixed rates are more likely to withdraw funds before maturity in a rising interest rate environment and less likely to do so in a falling interest rate environment. Management monitors market rates of interest and the maturities of its financial assets and financial liabilities, adjusting the terms of new loans and deposits in an attempt to minimize interest rate risk. Additionally, management mitigates its overall interest rate risk through its available funds investment strategy.

The following tables detail the financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the valuation techniques utilized relative to the fair value hierarchy, as of

December

31,

2020

and

2019.

(In thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total
December 31, 2020:
U. S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities	$	-	$	16,833	$	-	$	16,833
Corporate bonds		-		17,290		-		17,290
Subordinated notes		-		9,005		-		9,005
SBA loan pools		-		5,567		-		5,567
Municipal bonds		-		567		-		567

Available-for-sale securities	$	-	$	49,262	$	-	$	49,262

Interest rate swap receivable	$	-	$	1,187	$	-	$	1,187

Interest rate swap liability	$	-	$	1,187	$	-	$	1,187

December 31, 2019:
U. S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities	$	-	$	16,685	$	-	$	16,685
Corporate bonds		-		17,313		-		17,313
Subordinated notes		-		9,204		-		9,204
SBA loan pools		-		5,115		-		5,115
Available-for-sale securities	$	-	$	48,317	$	-	$	48,317

Impaired PCI Loans, net	$	-	$	-	$	176	$	176

Contingent consideration liability	$	-	$	-	$	86	$	86

Interest rate swap receivable	$	-	$	694	$	-	$	694

Interest rate swap liability	$	-	$	694	$	-	$	694

Patriot measures certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis. When circumstances dictate (e.g., impairment of long-lived assets, other than temporary impairment of collateral value), the carrying values of such financial assets and financial liabilities are adjusted to fair value or fair value less costs to sell, as

may

be appropriate.

During the year ended

December

31,

2020

and

2019,

the Company had

transfers into or out of Levels

The table below presents the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for level

assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of

December

31,

2020

and

2019:

(In thousands)	Fair Value		Valuation Methodology	Unobservable Inputs	Range of Inputs
December 31, 2020:
Impaired loans, net	$	22,971	Real Estate Appraisals	Discount for appraisal type	5.8%	-	20%

Other Real Estate Owned		1,906	Real Estate Appraisals	Discount for appraisal type		5.84%

SBA servicing assets		375	Discounted Cash Flows	Market discount rates	14.73%	-	14.90%

December 31, 2019:
Impaired loans, net	$	18,132	Real Estate Appraisals	Discount for appraisal type	8%	-	20%

Other Real Estate Owned		2,400	Real Estate Appraisals	Discount for appraisal type		12%

SBA servicing assets		280	Discounted Cash Flows	Market discount rates	14.73%	-	14.90%

Patriot discloses fair value information about financial instruments, whether or

not

recognized in the consolidated balance sheets, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. Certain financial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements and, accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do

not

necessarily represent the complete underlying value of financial instruments included in the consolidated financial statements.

The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of

December

31,

2020

and

2019

and have

not

been reevaluated or updated for purposes of these consolidated financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of the financial instruments measured

may

be different than if they had been subsequently valued.

The information presented should

not

be interpreted as an estimate of the total fair value of Patriot's assets and liabilities, since only a portion of Patriot's assets and liabilities are required to be measured at fair value for financial reporting purposes. Due to the wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between Patriot's fair value disclosures and those of other bank holding companies

may

not

be meaningful.