Note

Loan Receivables and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

As of

December

31,

2019

and

2018,

loans receivable, net, consisted of the following:

	December 31,
(In thousands)	2019			2018
Loan portfolio segment:
Commercial Real Estate	$	314,414		$	274,938
Residential Real Estate		175,489			157,300
Commercial and Industrial		173,875			191,852
Consumer and Other		85,934			94,569
Construction		48,388			46,040
Construction to Permanent - CRE		14,064			15,677
Loans receivable, gross		812,164			780,376
Allowance for loan and lease losses		(10,115	)		(7,609	)
Loans receivable, net	$	802,049		$	772,767

Patriot's lending activities are conducted principally in Fairfield and New Haven Counties in Connecticut and Westchester County in New York, and the

five

Boroughs of New York City. Patriot originates commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans, a variety of consumer loans, and construction loans, and has purchased residential loans since

2016.

All commercial and residential real estate loans are collateralized primarily by

first

second

mortgages on real estate. The ability and willingness of borrowers to satisfy their loan obligations is dependent to some degree on the status of the regional economy as well as upon the regional real estate market. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of the loan portfolio and the recovery of a substantial portion of any resulting real estate acquired is susceptible to changes in market conditions.

Patriot has established credit policies applicable to each type of lending activity in which it engages and evaluates the creditworthiness of each borrower. Unless extenuating circumstances exist, Patriot limits the extension of credit on commercial real estate loans to

75%

of the market value of the underlying collateral. Patriot’s loan origination policy for multi-family residential real estate is limited to

80%

of the market value of the underlying collateral. In the case of construction loans, the maximum loan-to-value is

75%

of the “as completed” appraised value of the real estate project. Management monitors the appraised value of collateral on an on-going basis and additional collateral is requested when warranted. Real estate is the primary form of collateral, although other forms of collateral do exist and

may

include such assets as accounts receivable, inventory, marketable securities, time deposits, and other business assets.

May 2018,

loans were acquired in connection with the Prime Bank merger. A subset of these loans was determined to have evidence of credit deterioration at the acquisition date, which was accounted for in accordance with ASC

310

30.

The purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans presently maintain a carrying value of

$176,000

as of

December 31, 2019

and

$615,000

as of

December 31, 2018,

respectively. The loans were evaluated for impairment through the periodic reforecasting of expected cash flows.

Income is recognized on PCI loans pursuant to ASC Topic

310

30.

A portion of the fair value discount has been ascribed as an accretable yield that is accreted into interest income over the estimated remaining life of the loans. The remaining non-accretable difference represents cash flows

not

expected to be collected.

A summary of changes in the accretable discount for PCI loans for the year ended

December 31, 2019

and

2018

follows:

(In thousands)	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2018

Accretable discount, beginning of period	$	(792	)	$	(1,316	)
Accretion		47			92
Other changes, net		698			432
Accretable discount, end of period	$	(47	)	$	(792	)

The accretion of the accretable discount for PCI loans for the year end

December

31,2019

and

2018

was

$47,000

and

$92,000,

respectively. The other changes represent primarily loans that were either fully paid-off or totally charged off.

Risk characteristics of the Company’s portfolio classes include the following

Commercial Real Estate Loans

In underwriting commercial real estate loans, Patriot evaluates both the prospective borrower’s ability to make timely payments on the loan and the value of the property securing the loans. Repayment of such loans

may

be negatively impacted should the borrower default, the value of the property collateralizing the loan substantially decline, or there are declines in general economic conditions. Where the owner occupies the property, Patriot also evaluates the business’ ability to repay the loan on a timely basis and

may

require personal guarantees, lease assignments, and/or the guarantee of the operating company.

Residential Real Estate Loans

2013,

Patriot discontinued offering primary mortgages on personal residences. Repayment of residential real estate loans

may

be negatively impacted should the borrower have financial difficulties, should there be a significant decline in the value of the property securing the loan, or should there be declines in general economic conditions.

2019

and

2018,

Patriot purchased

$47.3

million and

$25.6

million of residential real estate loans, respectively.

Commercial and Industrial Loans

Patriot’s commercial and industrial loan portfolio consists primarily of commercial business loans and lines of credit to businesses and professionals. These loans are generally for the financing of accounts receivable, purchases of inventory, purchases of new or used equipment, or for other short- or long-term working capital purposes. These loans are generally secured by business assets but are also occasionally offered on an unsecured basis. In granting these types of loans, Patriot considers the borrower’s cash flow as the primary source of repayment, supported by the value of collateral, if any, and personal guarantees, as applicable. Repayment of commercial and industrial loans

may

be negatively impacted by adverse changes in economic conditions, ineffective management, claims on the borrower’s assets by others that are superior to Patriot’s claims, a loss of demand for the borrower’s products or services, or the death or disability of the borrower or other key management personnel.

Patriot’s syndicated and leveraged loan portfolios, which totaled

$71.5

million and

$81.9

million at

December 31, 2019

and

2018,

respectively. The syndicated and leveraged loans are included in the commercial and industrial loan classification and are primarily comprised of loan transactions led by major financial institutions and regional banks, which are the Agent Bank or Lead Arranger, and are referred to as syndicated loans or "Shared National Credits (SNC)". SNC loans were determined to be complementary to the Bank’s existing commercial and industrial loan portfolio and product offerings and provide diversification from Patriot’s typical direct-to-business lines of credit and term facilities. The Bank will participate in senior secured financings for public and privately-owned companies for acquisitions, working capital, recapitalizations, and general corporate purposes. The Bank’s strategy is to participate in these types of loan transaction in accordance with its internal policies.

Consumer and Other Loans

Patriot offers individual consumers various forms of credit including installment loans, credit cards, overdraft protection, auto loans, and reserve lines of credit. Repayments of such loans are generally dependent on the personal income of the borrower, which

may

be negatively impacted by adverse changes in economic conditions. The Company does

not

place a high emphasis on originating these types of loans.

The Company does

not

have any lending programs commonly referred to as subprime lending. Subprime lending generally targets borrowers with weakened credit histories that are typically characterized by payment delinquencies, previous charge-offs, judgments against the consumer, a history of bankruptcies, or borrowers with questionable repayment capacity as evidenced by low credit scores or high debt-burdened ratios.

During

2019

and

2018,

$7.3

million and

$21.4

million education loans were purchased, respectively.

Construction Loans

Construction loans are of a short-term nature, generally of

eighteen

months or less, that are secured by land and improvements intended for commercial, residential, or mixed-use development. Loan proceeds

may

be used for the acquisition of or improvements to the land under development and funds are generally disbursed as phases of construction are completed.

Included in this category are loans to construct single family homes where

contract of sale exists, based upon the experience and financial strength of the builder, the type and location of the property, and other factors. Construction loans tend to be personally guaranteed by the principal(s). Repayment of such loans

may

be negatively impacted by an inability to complete construction, a downturn in the market for new construction, by a significant increase in interest rates, or by decline in general economic conditions.

Construction to Permanent - Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”)

Loans in this category represent a

one

-time close of a construction facility with simultaneous conversion to an amortizing mortgage loan. Construction to Permanent loans combine a short term period similar to a construction loan, generally with a variable rate, and a longer term CRE loan typically

years, resetting every

five

years to the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) rate.

Close of the construction facility typically occurs when events dictate, such as receipt of a certificate of occupancy and property stabilization, which is defined as cash flow sufficient to support a pre-defined minimum debt coverage ratio and other conditions and covenants particular to the loan. Construction facilities are typically variable rate instruments that, upon conversion to an amortizing mortgage loan, reset to a fixed rate instrument that is the greater of the in-force variable rate plus a predetermined spread over a reference rate (e.g., prime) or a minimum interest rate.

SBA Loans:

Patriot originates SBA

(a) loans, on which the SBA has historically provided guarantees of

percent of the principal balance. The guaranteed portion of the Company’s SBA loans is generally sold in the secondary market with the unguaranteed portion held in the portfolio as a loan held for investment. SBA loans are for the purpose of providing working capital, financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate and for other business purposes. Loans are guaranteed by the businesses' major owners. SBA loans are made based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the business and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided. SBA loans held for investment are included in the commercial real estate loans and commercial and industrial loan classifications, which totaled

$9.6

million and

$1.5

million at

December 31, 2019

and

2018,

respectively.

Allowance for Loan

and Lease

Losses

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses, allocated to segments of the loan portfolio, for each year in the

three

-year period ended

December

31,

2019:

(In thousands)	Commercial Real Estate			Residential Real Estate			Commercial and Industrial			Consumer and Other			Construction			Construction to Permanent - CRE			Unallocated			Total
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan and lease losses:
December 31, 2018	$	1,866		$	1,059		$	3,558		$	641		$	350		$	108		$	27		$	7,609
Charge-offs		-			(118	)		(2,418	)		(123	)		-			-			-			(2,659	)
Recoveries		2			10			172			10			-			-			-			194
Provisions (credits)		1,921			87			3,028			(187	)		127			22			(27	)		4,971
December 31, 2019	$	3,789		$	1,038		$	4,340		$	341		$	477		$	130		$	-		$	10,115

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2018
Allowance for loan and lease losses:
December 31, 2017	$	2,212		$	959		$	2,023		$	568		$	481		$	54		$	-		$	6,297
Charge-offs		-			(2	)		-			(33	)		-			-			-			(35	)
Recoveries		7			2			34			1			-			-			-			44
Provisions (credits)		(353	)		100			1,501			105			(131	)		54			27			1,303
December 31, 2018	$	1,866		$	1,059		$	3,558		$	641		$	350		$	108		$	27		$	7,609

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2017
Allowance for loan and lease losses:
December 31, 2016	$	1,853		$	534		$	740		$	641		$	712		$	69		$	126		$	4,675
Charge-offs		-			-			(265	)		(39	)		-			-			-			(304	)
Recoveries		10			-			2,769			4			-			-			-			2,783
Provisions (credits)		349			425			(1,221	)		(38	)		(231	)		(15	)		(126	)		(857	)
December 31, 2017	$	2,212		$	959		$	2,023		$	568		$	481		$	54		$	-		$	6,297

The following tables summarize, by loan portfolio segment, the amount of loans receivable evaluated individually and collectively for impairment as of

December

31,

2019

and

2018:

(In thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Commercial and Industrial		Consumer and Other		Construction		Construction to Permanent - CRE		Unallocated		Total
December 31, 2019
Allowance for loan and lease losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	1,496	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	1,496
Collectively evaluated for impairment		2,293		1,038		4,340		341		477		130		-		8,619
Total allowance for loan and lease losses	$	3,789	$	1,038	$	4,340	$	341	$	477	$	130	$	-	$	10,115

Loans receivable, gross:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	13,034	$	3,621	$	2,057	$	916	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	19,628
PCI loans individually evaluated for impairment		-		-		176		-		-		-		-		176
Collectively evaluated for impairment		301,380		171,868		171,642		85,018		48,388		14,064		-		792,360
Total loans receivable, gross	$	314,414	$	175,489	$	173,875	$	85,934	$	48,388	$	14,064	$	-	$	812,164

(In thousands)	Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Commercial and Industrial		Consumer and Other		Construction		Construction to Permanent - CRE		Unallocated		Total
December 31, 2018
Allowance for loan and lease losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	-	$	216	$	1,299	$	30	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	1,545
Collectively evaluated for impairment		1,866		843		2,259		611		350		108		27		6,064
Total allowance for loan losses	$	1,866	$	1,059	$	3,558	$	641	$	350	$	108	$	27	$	7,609

Loans receivable, gross:
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	4,606	$	2,302	$	4,646	$	864	$	8,800	$	-	$	-	$	21,218
PCI loans individually evaluated for impairment		-		-		615		-		-		-		-		615
Collectively evaluated for impairment		270,332		154,998		186,591		93,705		37,240		15,677		-		758,543
Total loans receivable, gross	$	274,938	$	157,300	$	191,852	$	94,569	$	46,040	$	15,677	$	-	$	780,376

Patriot monitors the credit quality of its loans receivable on an ongoing basis. Credit quality is monitored by reviewing certain indicators, including cash flow from business operations, loan to value ratios, debt service coverage ratios, and credit scores.

Patriot employs a risk rating system as part of the risk assessment of its loan portfolio. At origination, lending officers are required to assign a risk rating to each loan in their portfolio, which is ratified or modified by the Loan Committee to which the loan is submitted for approval. If financial developments occur on a loan in the lending officer’s portfolio of responsibility, the risk rating is reviewed and adjusted, as applicable. In carrying out its oversight responsibilities, the Loan Committee can adjust a risk rating based on available information. In addition, the risk ratings on all commercial loans over

$250,000

are reviewed annually by the Credit Department.

Additionally, Patriot retains an independent

third

-party loan review expert to perform a quarterly analysis of the results of its risk rating process. The quarterly review is based on a randomly selected sample of loans within established parameters (e.g., value, concentration), in order to assess and validate the risk ratings assigned to individual loans. Any changes to the assigned risk ratings, based on the quarterly review, are required to be approved by the Loan Committee.

When assigning a risk rating to a loan, management utilizes the Bank’s internal

eleven

-point risk rating system. An asset is considered “special mention” when it has a potential weakness based on objective evidence, but does

not

currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in

one

of the following categories:

●

Substandard: An asset is classified “substandard” if it is

not

adequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard assets have well defined weaknesses based on objective evidence, and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss, if noted deficiencies are

not

corrected.

●	Doubtful: Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified as “substandard”, with the added characteristic that the identified weaknesses make collection or liquidation-in-full improbable, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values.

Charge-offs of loans to reduce the loan to its recoverable value that are solely collateral dependent, generally occur immediately upon confirmation of the partial loss amount. Loans that are cash flow dependent are modeled to reflect the expected cash flows through expected loan maturity, including any proceeds from refinancing or principal curtailment. A specific reserve is established for the amount by which the net investment in the loan exceeds the present value of discounted cash flows. Charge-offs on cash flow dependent loans also generally occur immediately upon confirmation of the partial loss amount.

If either type of loan is classified as “Loss”, meaning full loss on the loan is expected, the full balance of the loan receivable is charged off, regardless of the potential recovery from a sale of the underlying collateral. Any amount that

may

be recovered on the sale of collateral underlying a loan is recognized as a “recovery” in the period in which the collateral is sold. In accordance with Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council published policies establishing uniform criteria for the classification of retail credit based on delinquency status, “Open-end” and “Closed-end” credits are charged off when

180

days and

120

days delinquent, respectively.

Loan Portfolio Aging Analysis

The following tables summarize performing and non-performing (i.e., non-accruing) loans receivable by portfolio segment, by aging category, by delinquency status as of

December

31,

2019.

(In thousands)	Performing (Accruing) Loans
As of December 31, 2019:	30 - 59 Days Past Due		60 - 89 Days Past Due		90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Performing Loans		Non-accruing Loans		Loans Receivable Gross
Loan portfolio segment:
Commercial Real Estate:
Pass	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	295,982	$	295,982	$	-	$	295,982
Special mention		-		-		-		-		385		385		-		385
Substandard		-		-		-		-		6,086		6,086		11,961		18,047
		-		-		-		-		302,453		302,453		11,961		314,414
Residential Real Estate:
Pass		658		-		-		658		169,903		170,561		-		170,561
Special mention		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Substandard		-		-		-		-		1,700		1,700		3,228		4,928
		658		-		-		658		171,603		172,261		3,228		175,489
Commercial and Industrial:
Pass		327		350		-		677		162,711		163,388		-		163,388
Special mention		279		-		-		279		172		451		-		451
Substandard		-		-		-		-		7,942		7,942		2,094		10,036
		606		-		-		956		170,825		171,781		2,094		173,875
Consumer and Other:
Pass		2,805		3		19		2,827		82,341		85,168		-		85,168
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		766		766
		2,805		3		19		2,827		82,341		85,168		766		85,934
Construction:
Pass		-		-		-		-		48,388		48,388		-		48,388
		-		-		-		-		48,388		48,388		-		48,388
Construction to Permanent - CRE:
Pass		-		-		-		-		14,064		14,064		-		14,064
		-		-		-		-		14,064		14,064		-		14,064

Total	$	4,069	$	353	$	19	$	4,441	$	789,674	$	794,115	$	18,049	$	812,164

Loans receivable, gross:
Pass	$	3,790	$	353	$	19	$	4,162	$	773,389	$	777,551	$	-	$	777,551
Special mention		279		-		-		279		557		836		-		836
Substandard		-		-		-		-		15,728		15,728		18,049		33,777
Loans receivable, gross	$	4,069	$	353	$	19	$	4,441	$	789,674	$	794,115	$	18,049	$	812,164

The following tables summarize performing and non-performing (i.e., non-accruing) loans receivable by portfolio segment, by aging category, by delinquency status as of

December 31, 2018.

(In thousands)	Performing (Accruing) Loans
As of December 31, 2018:	30 - 59 Days Past Due		60 - 89 Days Past Due		90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Performing Loans		Non-accruing Loans		Loans Receivable Gross
Loan portfolio segment:
Commercial Real Estate:
Pass	$	423	$	-	$	-	$	423	$	262,435	$	262,858	$	-	$	262,858
Special mention		-		-		958		958		2,673		3,631		-		3,631
Substandard		170		-		-		170		4,754		4,924		3,525		8,449
		593		-		958		1,551		269,862		271,413		3,525		274,938
Residential Real Estate:
Pass		637		817		-		1,454		151,509		152,963		-		152,963
Special mention		-		-		-		-		850		850		-		850
Substandard		-		-		-		-		1,481		1,481		2,006		3,487
		637		817		-		1,454		153,840		155,294		2,006		157,300
Commercial and Industrial:
Pass		150		853		234		1,237		180,293		181,530		-		181,530
Special mention		-		-		101		101		2,378		2,479		-		2,479
Substandard		-		-		-		-		3,162		3,162		4,681		7,843
		150		853		335		1,338		185,833		187,171		4,681		191,852
Consumer and Other:
Pass		20		-		23		43		94,352		94,395		-		94,395
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		174		174
		20		-		23		43		94,352		94,395		174		94,569
Construction:
Pass		-		1,000		-		1,000		36,240		37,240		-		37,240
Substandard		-		-		-		-		-		-		8,800		8,800
		-		1,000		-		1,000		36,240		37,240		8,800		46,040
Construction to Permanent - CRE:
Pass		-		-		-		-		15,677		15,677		-		15,677
		-		-		-		-		15,677		15,677		-		15,677

Total	$	1,400	$	2,670	$	1,316	$	5,386	$	755,804	$	761,190	$	19,186	$	780,376

Loans receivable, gross:
Pass	$	1,230	$	2,670	$	257	$	4,157	$	740,506	$	744,663	$	-	$	744,663
Special mention		-		-		1,059		1,059		5,901		6,960		-		6,960
Substandard		170		-		-		170		9,397		9,567		19,186		28,753
Loans receivable, gross	$	1,400	$	2,670	$	1,316	$	5,386	$	755,804	$	761,190	$	19,186	$	780,376

The following tables summarize non-performing (i.e., non-accruing) loans by aging category and status, within the applicable loan portfolio segment as of

December

31,

2019

and

2018:

(In thousands)	Non-accruing Loans
	30 - 59 Days Past Due		60 - 89 Days Past Due		90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Non-accruing Loans
As of December 31, 2019:
Loan portfolio segment:
Commercial Real Estate:
Substandard	$	-	$	-	$	1,636	$	1,636	$	10,325	$	11,961
Residential Real Estate:
Substandard		-		-		1,872		1,872		1,356		3,228
Commercial and Industrial:
Substandard		-		-		1,724		1,724		370		2,094
Consumer and Other:
Substandard		-		-		149		149		617		766
Total non-accruing loans	$	-	$	-	$	5,381	$	5,381	$	12,668	$	18,049

As of December 31, 2018:
Loan portfolio segment:
Commercial Real Estate:
Substandard	$	1,580	$	-	$	1,945	$	3,525	$	-	$	3,525
Residential Real Estate:
Substandard		-		-		2,006		2,006		-		2,006
Commercial and Industrial:
Substandard		-		15		3,941		3,956		725		4,681
Consumer and Other:
Substandard		-		86		11		97		77		174
Construction:
Substandard		-		-		8,800		8,800		-		8,800
Total non-accruing loans	$	1,580	$	101	$	16,703	$	18,384	$	802	$	19,186

If non-accrual loans had been performing in accordance with the original contractual terms, additional interest income (net of cash collected) of approximately

$302,000,

$503,000,

and

$209,000

would have been recognized in income for the years ended

December

31,

2019,

2018,

and

2017,

respectively.

Interest income collected and recognized on non-accruing loans for the year ended

December 31, 2019

was

$671,000.

interest income was collected and recognized on non-accruing loans during

2018

and

2017.

The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is

days past due for payment unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer installment loans are typically charged off

later than

180

days past due. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on non-accrual status or charged-off, at an earlier date, if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.

All interest accrued, but

not

collected for loans that are placed on non-accrual status or charged off, is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis method until qualifying for return to accrual status. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, future payments are reasonably assured, after at least

six

months of timely payment history. Management considers all non-accrual loans and Trouble Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) impaired loans. In most cases, loan payments that are past due less than

days, well-secured, and in the process of collection are

not

considered impaired. The Bank considers consumer installment loans to be pools of smaller homogeneous loan balances, which are collectively evaluated for impairment.

Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”)

On a case-by-case basis, Patriot

may

agree to modify the contractual terms of a borrower’s loan to assist customers who

may

be experiencing financial difficulty. If the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and a concession has been made, the loan is classified as a TDR.

Substantially all TDR loan modifications involve lowering the monthly payments on such loans through either a reduction in interest rate below market rate, an extension of the term of the loan, or a combination of adjusting these

two

contractual attributes. TDR loan modifications

may

also result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. In addition, when modifying commercial loans, Patriot frequently obtains additional collateral or guarantor support. If the borrower has performed under the existing contractual terms of the loan and Patriot’s underwriters determine that the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the terms of the TDR, the loan continues accruing interest. Non-accruing TDRs

may

be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of performance (generally

six

consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are reasonably assured of collection.

The recorded investment in TDRs as of

December 31, 2019

and

2018

were

$11.0

million and

$2.1

million, respectively.

(In thousands)	December 31, 2019					December 31, 2018
Loan portfolio segment:	Number of Loans		Recorded Investment			Number of Loans		Recorded Investment
Commercial Real Estate		2	$	9,873			1	$	1,081
Residential Real Estate		2		393			1		296
Consumer and Other		2		687			2		689
Total TDR Loans		6		10,953			4		2,066
Less:
TDRs included in non-accrual loans		2		(9,337	)		-		-
Total accrual TDR Loans		4	$	1,616			4	$	2,066

The following loans were modified as TDR during the year ended

December 31, 2019.

			Outstanding Recorded Investment
(In thousands)	Number of Loans		Pre-Modification		Post-Modification
Year Ended December 31,	2019		2019		2019
Loan portfolio segment:
Commercial Real Estate		2	$	8,912	$	8,911
Total TDR Loans		2	$	8,912	$	8,911

The following table provides information on how loans were modified as TDRs during the year ended

December 31, 2019.

	Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)	2019

Rate reduction	$	111
Maturity and rate reduction		8,800
Total	$	8,911

The loans modified in a TDR often involve reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, extending the interest-only payment period, or substituting or adding a co-borrower or guarantor.

During the years ended

December

31,

2018

and

2017,

loans were modified as TDRs, and

defaults of TDRs. At

December

31,

2019

and

2018,

there were

commitments to advance additional funds under TDRs.

The balances reflected here as TDR’s are also included in the non-accruing loan balance included in the prior table - Loan Portfolio Aging Analysis.

Impaired Loans

Impaired loans

may

consist of non-accrual loans and/or performing and non-performing TDRs. As of

December

31,

2019

and

2018,

based on the on-going monitoring and analysis of the loan portfolio, impaired loans of

$19.6

million and

$21.2

million, respectively, were identified, for which

$1.5

million and

$1.5

million specific reserves were established, respectively. Loans

not

requiring specific reserves had sufficient collateral values, less costs to sell, supporting the net investment in the loan which includes principal balance, unamortized fees and costs and accrued interest, if any. Once a borrower is in default, Patriot is under

obligation to advance additional funds on unused commitments.

December

31,

2019

and

2018,

exposure to the impaired loans was related to

and

borrowers, respectively. In all cases, appraisal reports of the underlying collateral, if any, have been obtained from independent licensed appraisal firms for loans considered to be collateral dependent. For non-performing loans, the independently determined appraised values were

first

reduced by a

12%

discount to reflect the Bank's experience selling OREO properties, and were further reduced by

in selling costs, in order to estimate the potential loss, if any, that

may

eventually be realized. Performing loans are monitored to determine when, if at all, additional loan loss reserves

may

be required for a loss of underlying collateral value.

In addition, the remaining

$176,000

PCI loans acquired from Prime Bank acquisition were commercial and industrial loans. The PCI loans were originally recorded at fair value by the Bank on the date of acquisition. At

December 31, 2019,

those loans were considered individually evaluated for impairment, with

allowance recorded.

The following table reflects information about the impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, by class as of

December

31,

2019

and

2018:

(In thousands)	December 31, 2019						December 31, 2018
	Recorded Investment		Principal Outstanding		Related Allowance		Recorded Investment		Principal Outstanding		Related Allowance
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial Real Estate	$	4,234	$	4,309	$	-	$	4,606	$	5,109	$	-
Residential Real Estate		3,621		3,623		-		670		703		-
Commercial and Industrial		2,057		2,060		-		488		1,281		-
Consumer and Other		916		1,000		-		827		867		-
Construction		-		-		-		8,800		8,839		-
		10,828		10,992		-		15,391		16,799		-

With a related allowance recorded:
Commercial Real Estate		8,800		8,800		1,496		-		-		-
Residential Real Estate		-		-		-		1,632		1,632		216
Commercial and Industrial		-		-		-		4,158		4,208		1,299
Consumer and Other		-		-		-		37		37		30
		8,800		8,800		1,496		5,827		5,877		1,545

Impaired Loans, Total:
Commercial Real Estate		13,034		13,109		1,496		4,606		5,109		-
Residential Real Estate		3,621		3,623		-		2,302		2,335		216
Commercial and Industrial		2,057		2,060		-		4,646		5,489		1,299
Consumer and Other		916		1,000		-		864		904		30
Construction		-		-		-		8,800		8,839		-
Impaired Loans, Total	$	19,628	$	19,792	$	1,496	$	21,218	$	22,676	$	1,545

For each year in the

three

-year period ended

December

31,

2019,

the average recorded investment in and interest income recognized on impaired loans without and with a related allowance, by loan portfolio segment, was as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
(In thousands)	2019				2018				2017
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial Real Estate	$	9,829	$	95	$	3,318	$	100	$	5,832	$	102
Residential Real Estate		2,531		104		3,154		11		2,016		11
Commercial and Industrial		1,800		45		987		-		197		-
Consumer and Other		901		35		750		31		593		22
Construction		4,062		-		1,354		503		-		-
		19,123		279		9,563		645		8,638		135
With a related allowance recorded:
Commercial Real Estate		888		415		-		-		-		-
Residential Real Estate		952		-		126		-		-		-
Commercial and Industrial		1,714		-		474		-		243		-
Consumer and Other		18		-		9		-		-		-
		3,572		415		609		-		243		-
Impaired Loans, Total:
Commercial Real Estate		10,717		510		3,318		100		5,832		102
Residential Real Estate		3,483		104		3,280		11		2,016		11
Commercial and Industrial		3,514		45		1,461		-		440		-
Consumer and Other		919		35		759		31		593		22
Construction		4,062		-		1,354		503		-		-
Impaired Loans, Total	$	22,695	$	694	$	10,172	$	645	$	8,881	$	135