EX-99.1 2 d621691dex991.htm EX-99.1 EX-99.1
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Exhibit 99.1

 

 

   Q3    
  2018  

 

SHAREHOLDERS’ REPORT

SUN LIFE FINANCIAL INC.

For the period ended

September 30, 2018

sunlife.com

 

LOGO

 



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CANADIAN RESIDENTS PARTICIPATING IN THE SHARE ACCOUNT

Shareholders holding shares in the Canadian Share Account can sell their shares for $15 plus 3 cents per share.

Complete Form A on the front of your Share Ownership Statement, tear it off and return it by mail to AST Trust Company (Canada).

For more information call AST Trust Company (Canada) at 1 877 224-1760.




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Sun Life Financial Reports Third Quarter 2018 Results

The information in this document is based on the unaudited interim financial results of Sun Life Financial Inc. (“SLF Inc.”) for the period ended September 30, 2018. Sun Life Financial Inc., its subsidiaries and, where applicable, its joint ventures and associates are collectively referred to as “the Company”, “Sun Life Financial”, “we”, “our”, and “us”. Unless otherwise noted, all amounts are in Canadian dollars.

TORONTO, ON – (November 7, 2018) – Sun Life Financial Inc. (TSX: SLF) (NYSE: SLF) today announced its results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2018. Third quarter reported net income was $567 million and underlying net income was $730 million.

 

     Quarterly results        Year-to-date  
            Q3’18        Q3’17        2018        2017  

LOGO

   Reported net income ($ millions)      567        817        1,942        1,942  
   Underlying net income(1) ($ millions)      730        643        2,229        1,905  
   Reported EPS(2) ($)      0.93        1.32        3.18        3.16  
   Underlying EPS(1)(2) ($)      1.20        1.05        3.66        3.10  
   Reported ROE(1)      10.8%        16.2%        12.5%        12.8%  
   Underlying ROE(1)      14.0%        12.7%        14.3%        12.6%  

LOGO

   Insurance sales(1) ($ millions)      577        599        1,875        1,936  
   Wealth sales(1) ($ billions)      29.8        35.8        100.5        110.0  
   Value of new business(1) ($ millions)      244        224        844        703  
   Assets under management(1) ($ billions)      983.5        933.6        983.5        933.6  
LOGO    LICAT ratios(3)                            
   Sun Life Financial Inc.      145%        n/a        145%        n/a  
   Sun Life Assurance(4)      130%        n/a        130%        n/a  
   Financial leverage ratio(1)      21.9%        22.5%        21.9%        22.5%  

“In the third quarter, underlying net income was strong at $730 million, and return on equity was 14%, at the high end of our target range,” said Dean Connor, President and CEO, Sun Life Financial. “We are pleased to announce an increase in our common share dividend of 5% to $0.50, reflecting confidence in our strong capital position and growth prospects.”

“We also continue to deliver on our Purpose by helping our Clients around the globe live healthier lives,” said Connor. “One of the many examples is Lumino Health in Canada; this first of its kind digital network offers consumer ratings, cost and other information to help all Canadians make more informed healthcare decisions.”

Financial and Operational Highlights

 

($ millions, unless otherwise noted)  
    

Reported

net income (loss)

   

Underlying

net income (loss)(1)

   

Insurance

sales(1)

   

Wealth

sales(1)

 
     Q3’18     Q3’17     change     Q3’18     Q3’17     change     Q3’18     Q3’17     change     Q3’18     Q3’17     change  

SLF Canada

    335       340       (1)%       251       222       13%       203       217       (6)%       3,539       3,609       (2)%  

SLF U.S.(2)

    (267     72       nm(3)       139       121       15%       172       193       (11)%                  

SLF Asset Management

    241       185       30%       251       204       23%                       24,365       28,610       (15)%  

SLF Asia(2)

    164       216       (24)%       110       130       (15)%       202       189       7%       1,928       3,607       (47)%  

Corporate

    94       4       nm(3)       (21     (34     nm(3)                                          

Total

    567       817       (31)%       730       643       14%       577       599       (4)%       29,832       35,826       (17)%  

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, and comparative figures in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation.

(3) 

Not meaningful.

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

All EPS measures refer to fully diluted EPS, unless otherwise stated.

(3) 

For further information on the Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test (“LICAT”) effective January 1, 2018, see section E – Financial Strength in this document. LICAT ratios are not applicable before January 1, 2018.

(4) 

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (“Sun Life Assurance”) is SLF Inc.’s principal operating life insurance subsidiary.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   1


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Our reported net income of $567 million in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the 2017 result of $817 million included the unfavourable impact of $166 million of assumption changes and management actions (“ACMA”)(1) in 2018, compared to the favourable impact of $103 million in 2017. As well, the change in market impacts between the two periods was unfavourable by $88 million. Underlying net income in the third quarter of 2018 increased $87 million to $730 million compared to 2017, primarily driven by business growth, the lower income tax rate in the U.S., and favourable investment experience, partially offset by new business strain in SLF Asia and in SLF Canada as well as less favourable mortality experience.

In the third quarter of 2018, our reported ROE was 10.8%, and underlying ROE increased to 14.0% reflecting higher earnings. SLF Inc. and its wholly-owned holding companies ended the quarter with $2.7 billion in cash and other liquid assets.

Our strategy is focused on four key pillars of growth, where we aim to be a leader in the markets in which we operate. We detail our continued progress in the four pillars below.

A Leader in Insurance and Wealth Solutions in our Canadian Home Market

SLF Canada’s reported net income was $335 million in the quarter, down $5 million compared to the same period in 2017, primarily reflecting less favourable market related impacts. Underlying net income of $251 million was up $29 million from the same period in 2017, driven by favourable investment experience and business growth, partially offset by a decrease in new business gains.

SLF Canada insurance sales were down 6%, primarily as a result of large case sales in Group Benefits in 2017. SLF Canada wealth sales for the third quarter of 2018 were down slightly compared to the same period last year. Individual wealth sales increased by 15% due to continued growth of our wealth manufactured(2) products, largely offset by Group Retirement Services sales due to large case sales in 2017.

In October, we announced our investment in, and strategic relationship with, Rise People Inc., Canada’s first all-in-one human resources, payroll, and benefits administration solution. This collaboration will develop new digital connections and services that simplify administration and engage employees. In the quarter, we also introduced Integrated Health Insights Reporting, which uses data and analytics to provide customized insights and specific recommendations to help Group Benefits Clients manage their organizational health from both a cost and an employee wellness perspective.

A Leader in U.S. Group Benefits

SLF U.S.’s reported net loss was $267 million, compared to the $72 million net income earned in Q3 2017, due to ACMA(1) primarily related to changes in assumptions for policyholder behaviour in In-force Management. Underlying net income of $139 million was up $18 million from the same period in the prior year, benefiting from the lower income tax rate in the U.S. and favourable investment experience, partially offset by less favourable mortality experience. The after-tax profit margin for Group Benefits(3) was 6.4% as of the third quarter of 2018, compared to 4.5% as of the third quarter of 2017.

SLF U.S. Group Benefits sales decreased 14% compared to the third quarter of 2017 as a result of a decrease in medical stop-loss sales, partially offset by growth in employee benefits sales.

The U.S. business released its annual stop-loss research report, providing brokers and employers with deep understanding into high-cost medical conditions and healthcare trends and providing them with data based, actionable insights. We also marked an integration milestone from our 2016 employee benefits acquisition, by transitioning the final product to the SLF U.S. group benefits portfolio.

A Leader in Global Asset Management

SLF Asset Management’s reported net income of $241 million was up 30% from the third quarter of 2017, and underlying net income of $251 million was up 23% from the third quarter of 2017. Both increases were largely driven by the lower income tax rate in the U.S., expense management, and higher average net assets. The pre-tax net operating profit margin ratio(1) for MFS Investment Management (“MFS”) was 40% in the third quarter of 2018.

SLF Asset Management ended the third quarter with $687.2 billion in assets under management, consisting of $625.9 billion (US$485.0 billion) in MFS and $61.3 billion in Sun Life Investment Management (“SLIM”). MFS experienced net outflows of US$7.3 billion in the quarter, and SLIM generated $521 million of net inflows.

At the end of the third quarter of 2018, 66%, 82% and 88% of MFS’s U.S. retail fund assets ranked in the top half of their Lipper categories based on three-, five-, and ten-year performance, respectively.

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Represents individual wealth products developed by Sun Life Financial, which include Sun Life Global Investments mutual funds, Sun Life Guaranteed Investment Funds segregated funds, Guaranteed Investment Certificates, and Accumulation and Payout Annuities.

(3) 

Based on underlying net income, on a trailing four quarters basis, and is described in section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

 

2   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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A Leader in Asia through Distribution Excellence in Higher Growth Markets

SLF Asia’s reported net income of $164 million was lower than the third quarter of 2017 due to unfavourable market related impacts. Underlying net income of $110 million was down $20 million from the third quarter of 2017, reflecting higher new business strain and lower realized gains from available for sale assets, partially offset by business growth.

SLF Asia insurance sales were $202 million in the third quarter of 2018, up 7% compared to the third quarter of 2017, led by growth in India, primarily from a new bancassurance relationship, and the Philippines, driven by agency productivity. SLF Asia wealth sales of $1.9 billion were down by 47% in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017, primarily as a result of market volatility in India and the Philippines. This was partially offset by higher sales in our Hong Kong Mandatory Provident Fund (“MPF”) business, where we maintained our 4th place ranking in the industry based on assets under management.

Our Hong Kong MPF business earned the top ranking from Mercer’s inaugural MPF Provider Satisfaction Rankings Report for the twelve months ended June 30, 2018(1). This ranking reflects our strong fund performance as well as Client value-added services, including financial wellness education and e-alerts for our Clients, enabling them to better understand their MPF and enjoy an improved service experience. We continue to have strong brand recognition in the Philippines, where we are the only life insurance company to achieve recognition in Campaign Asia-Pacific’s Top 100 Brands(2).

 

(1) 

Based on a 12-month average of the Mercer’s MPF Satisfaction Index (MPF SI), a monthly survey conducted by Nielsen, interviewing more than 2,000 respondents in Hong Kong’s working population per year.

(2) 

The Philippines’ Top 100 Brands is part of an annual region-wide study, titled “Asia’s Top 1000 Brands”, presented by Campaign Asia-Pacific and based on an exclusive survey conducted by Nielsen in the Philippines for 2018.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   3


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Sun Life Financial Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

For the period ended: September 30th, 2018

Dated November 7th, 2018

Table of Contents

 

A.       How We Report Our Results      5  
B.     Financial Summary      6  
C.     Profitability      7  
D.     Growth      10  
E.     Financial Strength      12  
F.     Performance by Business Group      13  
  1.   SLF Canada      13  
  2.   SLF U.S.      15  
  3.   SLF Asset Management      16  
  4.   SLF Asia      18  
  5.   Corporate      19  
G.     Investments      20  
H.     Risk Management      23  
I.     Additional Financial Disclosure      29  
J.     Legal and Regulatory Matters      31  
K.     Changes in Accounting Policies      31  
L.     Internal Control Over Financial Reporting      32  
M.     Non-IFRS Financial Measures      32  
N.       Forward-looking Statements      35  

 

4   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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About Sun Life Financial

Sun Life Financial Inc. (“SLF Inc.”) is a leading international financial services organization providing insurance, wealth and asset management solutions to individual and corporate Clients. Sun Life Financial has operations in a number of markets worldwide, including Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Hong Kong, the Philippines, Japan, Indonesia, India, China, Australia, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia and Bermuda. As of September 30, 2018, Sun Life Financial had total assets under management (“AUM”) of $984 billion. For more information please visit www.sunlife.com.

Sun Life Financial Inc. trades on the Toronto (TSX), New York (NYSE) and Philippine (PSE) stock exchanges under the ticker symbol SLF.

 

A. How We Report Our Results

Sun Life Financial Inc. (“SLF Inc.”), its subsidiaries and, where applicable, its joint ventures and associates are collectively referred to as “the Company”, “Sun Life Financial”, “we”, “our”, and “us”. We manage our operations and report our financial results in five business segments: Sun Life Financial Canada (“SLF Canada”), Sun Life Financial United States (“SLF U.S.”), Sun Life Financial Asset Management (“SLF Asset Management”), Sun Life Financial Asia (“SLF Asia”), and Corporate. Information concerning these segments is included in our annual and interim consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (“Annual Consolidated Financial Statements” and “Interim Consolidated Financial Statements”, respectively, and “Consolidated Financial Statements” collectively) and annual management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”). Effective the first quarter of 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia. We prepare our unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements using International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), and in accordance with the International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34 Interim Financial Reporting. Reported net income (loss) refers to Common shareholders’ net income (loss) determined in accordance with IFRS.

The information in this document is in Canadian dollars unless otherwise noted.

1. Use of Non-IFRS Financial Measures

We report certain financial information using non-IFRS financial measures, as we believe that these measures provide information that is useful to investors in understanding our performance and facilitate a comparison of our quarterly and full year results from period to period. These non-IFRS financial measures do not have any standardized meaning and may not be comparable with similar measures used by other companies. For certain non-IFRS financial measures, there are no directly comparable amounts under IFRS. These non-IFRS financial measures should not be viewed as alternatives to measures of financial performance determined in accordance with IFRS. Additional information concerning these non-IFRS financial measures and reconciliations to the closest IFRS measures are available in section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document. Non-IFRS Financial Measures and reconciliations are also included in our annual and interim MD&A and the Supplementary Financial Information packages that are available on www.sunlife.com under Investors – Financial results and reports.

2. Forward-looking Statements

Certain statements in this document are forward-looking statements within the meaning of certain securities laws, including the “safe harbour” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities legislation. Additional information concerning forward-looking statements and important risk factors that could cause our assumptions, estimates, expectations and projections to be inaccurate and our actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements can be found in section N – Forward-looking Statements in this document.

3. Additional Information

Additional information about SLF Inc. can be found in the Consolidated Financial Statements, the annual and interim MD&A and SLF Inc.’s Annual Information Form (“AIF”) for the year ended December 31, 2017. These documents are filed with securities regulators in Canada and are available at www.sedar.com. SLF Inc.’s Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, annual MD&A and AIF are filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in SLF Inc.’s annual report on Form 40-F and SLF Inc.’s interim MD&As and Interim Consolidated Financial Statements are furnished to the SEC on Form 6-Ks and are available at www.sec.gov.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   5


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B. Financial Summary

 

           Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
 ($ millions, unless otherwise noted)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  
LOGO  

Net income (loss)

                
 

Reported net income (loss)

     567        706        817        1,942        1,942  
 

Underlying net income (loss)(1)

     730        729        643        2,229        1,905  
 

Diluted Earnings per share (“EPS”) ($)

                
 

Reported EPS (diluted)

     0.93        1.16        1.32        3.18        3.16  
 

Underlying EPS (diluted)(1)

     1.20        1.20        1.05        3.66        3.10  
 

Reported basic EPS ($)

     0.94        1.16        1.33        3.19        3.17  
 

Return on equity (“ROE”) (%)

                
 

Reported ROE(1)

     10.8%        13.5%        16.2%        12.5%        12.8%  
 

Underlying ROE(1)

     14.0%        14.0%        12.7%        14.3%        12.6%  
LOGO  

Sales

                
 

Insurance sales(1)

     577        633        599        1,875        1,936  
 

Wealth sales(1)

     29,832        30,804        35,826        100,461        110,014  
 

Value of new business(1)

     244        266        224        844        703  
 

Premiums and deposits

                
 

Net premium revenue

     4,369        4,315        3,716        13,329        11,203  
 

Segregated fund deposits

     2,692        2,703        2,235        8,790        8,178  
 

Mutual fund sales(1)

     18,746        19,265        20,721        62,067        66,186  
 

Managed fund sales(1)

     7,962        8,967        11,674        29,274        32,923  
 

ASO(2) premium and deposit equivalents(1)

     1,693        1,767        1,805        5,135        5,224  
 

Total premiums and deposits(1)

     35,462        37,017        40,151        118,595        123,714  
 

Assets under management (“AUM”)

                
 

General fund assets

     162,439        164,709        158,757        162,439        158,757  
 

Segregated funds

     108,298        108,692        102,237        108,298        102,237  
 

Mutual funds, managed funds and other AUM(1)

     712,782        712,719        672,601        712,782        672,601  
   

Total AUM(1)

     983,519        986,120        933,595        983,519        933,595  
LOGO  

LICAT ratios(3)(4)

                
 

Sun Life Financial Inc.

     145%        149%        n/a        145%        n/a  
 

Sun Life Assurance(5)

     130%        134%        n/a        130%        n/a  
 

Financial leverage ratio(1)

     21.9%        21.8%        22.5%        21.9%        22.5%  
 

Dividend

                
 

Dividend payout ratio(1)

     40%        40%        41%        39%        42%  
 

Dividends per common share ($)

     0.475        0.475        0.435        1.405        1.290  
 

Capital

                
 

Subordinated debt and innovative capital instruments(6)

     3,738        3,737        3,736        3,738        3,736  
 

Participating policyholders’ equity and non-controlling interests

     802        517        633        802        633  
 

Total shareholders’ equity

     22,834        23,216        22,298        22,834        22,298  
 

Total capital

     27,374        27,470        26,667        27,374        26,667  
 

Average common shares outstanding (millions)

     606        607        613        608        613  
 

Closing common shares outstanding (millions)

     603.3        607.0        611.9        603.3        611.9  

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Administrative Services Only (“ASO”).

(3) 

Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test (“LICAT”) ratio.

(4) 

LICAT ratios are not applicable before January 1, 2018; we previously used the Minimum Continuing Capital and Surplus Requirements (“MCCSR”) guideline, the former capital regulatory guideline.

(5) 

Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (“Sun Life Assurance”) is SLF Inc.’s principal operating life insurance subsidiary.

(6) 

Innovative capital instruments consist of Sun Life ExchangEable Capital Securities, and qualify as regulatory capital. However, under IFRS they are reported as Senior debentures in the SLF Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements. For additional information, see section I – Capital and Liquidity Management – 1 – Capital in our 2017 annual MD&A.

 

6   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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C. Profitability

The following table reconciles our reported net income and underlying net income. The table also sets out the impact that other notable items had on our reported net income and underlying net income. All factors discussed in this document that impact our underlying net income are also applicable to reported net income.

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions, after-tax)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Reported net income

     567        706        817        1,942        1,942  

Market related impacts(1)

     25        8        113        (35      50  

Assumption changes and management actions(2)

     (166      1        103        (168      115  

Other adjustments(1)

     (22      (32      (42      (84      (128

Underlying net income(2)

     730        729        643        2,229        1,905  

Reported ROE(2)

     10.8%        13.5%        16.2%        12.5%        12.8%  

Underlying ROE(2)

     14.0%        14.0%        12.7%        14.3%        12.6%  

Impact of other notable items on reported and underlying net income

 

           

Experience related items(3)

              

Impact of investment activity on insurance contract liabilities

     29        30        12        107        71  

Mortality

     15        6        30        5        59  

Morbidity

     8        43        3        63        15  

Credit

     22        6        22        49        51  

Lapse and other policyholder behaviour

     (7      (9      (12      (45      (37

Expenses(4)

     (6      (26      (10      (36      (4

Other(4)

     (11      (5      (12      46        (52

 

(1) 

See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document for a breakdown of components within this adjustment.

(2) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures.

(3) 

Experience related items reflect the difference between actual experience during the reporting period and best estimate assumptions used in the determination of our insurance contract liabilities.

(4) 

Expense experience has been revised to exclude certain project spending, which is now presented in Other. Prior periods have been conformed to this presentation.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

Our reported net income of $567 million in the third quarter of 2018 decreased $250 million compared to the same quarter in 2017, largely due to unfavourable assumption changes and management actions (“ACMA”) of $269 million and less favourable market related impacts of $88 million. Underlying net income in the third quarter of 2018 increased $87 million to $730 million, compared to the third quarter in 2017, primarily driven by business growth, the lower income tax rate in the U.S., higher investment income on surplus assets, and experience related items as described below, partially offset by unfavourable new business strain in SLF Asia and in SLF Canada.

 

1.   Market related impacts

Market related impacts in the third quarter of 2018 were less favourable compared to the same period last year, primarily driven by less favourable changes in interest rates, the fair value of investment properties, and net equity markets.

 

2.   Assumption changes and management actions

Due to the long-term nature of our business, we make certain judgments involving assumptions and estimates to value our obligations to policyholders. The valuation of these obligations is recorded in our financial statements as insurance contract liabilities and investment contract liabilities and requires us to make assumptions about equity market performance, interest rates, asset default, mortality and morbidity experience rates, lapse and other policyholder behaviour experience, expenses and inflation and other factors over the life of our products.

We review assumptions each year, generally in the third quarter, as we did this year, and revise these assumptions if appropriate. We consider our actual experience in current and past periods relative to our assumptions as part of our annual review.

During the third quarter of 2018, the net impact of ACMA resulted in a decrease of $166 million to reported net income, compared to an increase of $103 million in the third quarter of 2017.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   7


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Assumption changes and management actions by type

The following table sets out the impact of ACMA on our net income in the third quarter of 2018.

 

Q3’18         Quarterly
($ millions, after-tax)   Impact on
net income(1)
   Comments

Mortality/morbidity

  296    Updates to reflect mortality/morbidity experience in all jurisdictions. The largest items were favourable mortality in SLF Asia International, SLF Canada Group Retirement Services and SLF U.K.

Lapse and other policyholder behaviour

  (454)    Updates to lapse and policyholder behaviour in all jurisdictions. The largest items, which all had unfavourable impacts, were updated policyholder assumptions in SLF U.S. and SLF Asia International.

Expenses

    (21)    Updates to reflect expense experience in all jurisdictions.

Investment returns

    (18)    Updates to various investment related assumptions across the Company.

Model enhancements and other

    31    Various enhancements and methodology changes across all jurisdictions. The largest items were a favourable change to the provisions in the SLF Canada and SLF U.S. participating accounts partially offset by a strengthening of reinsurance provisions in SLF U.S.

Total impact on net income(2)

  (166)     

 

  (1)  

Assumption changes and management actions is included in reported net income and is presented as an adjustment to arrive at underlying net income.

  (2)

In this table, assumption changes and management actions represent the shareholders’ net income impact (after-tax) including management actions. In Note 6.A of our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements, the impact of method and assumptions changes represents the change in shareholder and participating policyholder insurance contract liabilities net of reinsurance assets (pre-tax) and does not include management actions. Further information can also be found in section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

 

3.   Other adjustments

Other adjustments decreased reported net income by $22 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to a decrease of $42 million in the third quarter of 2017, reflecting fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards, lower acquisition, integration and restructuring costs, and certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting.

 

4.   Experience related items

Compared to the prior year, experience related items reflected more favourable impacts of investment activity on insurance contract liabilities and the less favourable impact of mortality experience in SLF U.S.

 

5.   Income taxes

Our statutory tax rate is normally reduced by various tax benefits, such as lower taxes on income subject to tax in foreign jurisdictions, a range of tax-exempt investment income, and other sustainable tax benefits that are expected to decrease our effective tax rate to a range of 15% to 20%.

In the third quarter of 2018, our effective income tax rates on reported net income and underlying net income(1) were 17.3% and 19.1% compared to 19.7% and 23.5% in the third quarter of 2017, respectively.

 

6.   Impact of foreign exchange rates

During the third quarter of 2018, our reported net income and underlying net income increased by $6 million and $18 million, respectively, as a result of the impact of the movement of the Canadian dollar in the third quarter of 2018 relative to the average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017.

 

(1) 

Our effective income tax rate on underlying net income is calculated using underlying net income and income tax expense associated with underlying net income, which excludes amounts attributable to participating policyholders.

 

8   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

Our reported net income was $1,942 million for the first nine months of 2018 and for the first nine months of 2017. Underlying net income was $2,229 million for the first nine months of 2018 compared to $1,905 million in the first nine months of 2017. Reported and underlying net income reflected business growth, the lower income tax rate in the U.S, higher investment income on surplus assets, lower interest on subordinated debt, and experience related items as described below.

 

1.   Market related impacts

Market related impacts in aggregate in the first nine months of 2018 were unfavourable, compared to the first nine months of 2017, predominantly as a result of net equity market impacts.

 

2.   Assumption changes and management actions

ACMA decreased net income by $168 million in the first nine months of 2018, compared to an increase to net income of $115 million in the first nine months of 2017. ACMA was primarily driven by the impact of ACMA in the third quarter of 2018, discussed in the previous section Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017. See Section M – Non-IFRS measures in this document for more details including references to notable impacts in 2017.

 

3.   Other adjustments

Other adjustments in the first nine months of 2018 reduced reported net income by $84 million compared to a reduction of $128 million in the same period last year, primarily driven by favourable changes related to certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting and fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards.

 

4.   Experience related items

In the first quarter of 2018, the seed capital that was transferred to the participating account at demutualization was transferred back to the shareholder account, along with accrued investment income. The results include the investment income of $110 million – $75 million in SLF Canada and $35 million in SLF U.S. (“interest on par seed capital”) – which is presented in experience related items – other. Additional information can be found in Note 10 of the third quarter 2018 Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Experience related items in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 also reflected less favourable mortality experience and unfavourable expenses driven by investment in growing our businesses, partially offset by more favourable morbidity experience, predominantly in SLF U.S., and favourable impacts of investment activity on insurance contract liabilities.

 

5.   Income Taxes

Our statutory tax rate is normally reduced by various tax benefits, such as lower taxes on income subject to tax in foreign jurisdictions, a range of tax-exempt investment income, and other sustainable tax benefits that are expected to decrease our effective tax rate to a range of 15% to 20%.

For the first nine months of 2018, our effective tax rates on reported and underlying net income(1) were 17.7% and 17.3%, respectively, compared to 14.1% and 20.1%, respectively, for the first nine months of 2017.

 

6.   Impact of Foreign Exchange Rates

During the first nine months of 2018, our reported net income and underlying net income decreased by $15 million and $25 million, respectively, as a result of the impact of the movement of the Canadian dollar in the first nine months of 2018 relative to the average exchange rates in the first nine months of 2017.

 

(1) 

Our effective income tax rate on underlying net income is calculated using underlying net income and income tax expense associated with underlying net income, which excludes amounts attributable to participating policyholders.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   9


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D. Growth

 

1. Sales and Value of New Business

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Insurance sales(1)

              

SLF Canada

     203        266        217        765        898  

SLF U.S.(2)

     172        155        193        463        479  

SLF Asia(2)

     202        212        189        647        559  

Total insurance sales(1)

     577        633        599        1,875        1,936  

Wealth sales(1)

              

SLF Canada

     3,539        3,039        3,609        10,403        11,793  

SLF Asia

     1,928        2,502        3,607        8,166        9,453  

Total wealth sales excluding SLF Asset Management(1)

     5,467        5,541        7,216        18,569        21,246  

SLF Asset Management sales(1)

     24,365        25,263        28,610        81,892        88,768  

Total wealth sales(1)

     29,832        30,804        35,826        100,461        110,014  

Value of New Business(1)(“VNB”)

     244        266        224        844        703  

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Effective January 1, 2018 we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, and balances in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation. For further information, see section F – Performance by Business Group in this document.

Total Company insurance sales were $577 million in the third quarter of 2018, down 4% (5% on a constant currency basis) compared to the same period in 2017.

 

   

SLF Canada insurance sales decreased, mainly driven by fewer large case sales in Group Benefits (“GB”) while individual insurance sales were slightly higher

   

SLF U.S. insurance sales decreased, due to a reduction in medical stop-loss sales

   

SLF Asia insurance sales were up 7% on a constant currency basis, led by growth in India, primarily from a new bancassurance relationship, and the Philippines, driven by agency productivity.

Total Company wealth sales were $29.8 billion in the third quarter of 2018, down 17% (19% on a constant currency basis) compared to the third quarter of 2017.

 

   

SLF Canada wealth sales were down slightly, due to large case sales in Group Retirement Services (“GRS”) in 2017, largely offset by an increase in individual wealth sales

   

SLF Asia wealth sales were down, largely as a result of lower sales from market volatility in India and the Philippines

   

SLF Asset Management gross sales were lower, largely attributable to lower managed fund sales in MFS and Sun Life Investment Management (“SLIM”) partially offset by the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar

The Company’s VNB was $244 million in the third quarter of 2018, up 9% compared to the third quarter of 2017, driven by new business contracts and improved mix in SLF U.S., partially offset by lower sales volume in SLF Asia in International.

 

2. Premiums and Deposits

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Net premium revenue

     4,369        4,315        3,716        13,329        11,203  

Segregated fund deposits

     2,692        2,703        2,235        8,790        8,178  

Mutual fund sales(1)

     18,746        19,265        20,721        62,067        66,186  

Managed fund sales(1)

     7,962        8,967        11,674        29,274        32,923  

ASO premium and deposit equivalents(1)

     1,693        1,767        1,805        5,135        5,224  

Total premiums and deposits(1)

     35,462        37,017        40,151        118,595        123,714  

Total adjusted premiums and deposits(1)(2)

     34,594        36,400        40,919        120,806        125,979  

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Adjusted premiums and deposits is a non-IFRS financial measure that excludes from premiums and deposits the impact of Constant Currency Adjustment and Reinsurance in SLF Canada’s GB Operations Adjustment as described in section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

 

10   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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Net premium revenue was $4.4 billion, up $0.7 billion from the third quarter of 2017, primarily driven by the impact of the partial recapture of a reinsurance agreement in GB in SLF Canada, and the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar. Net premium revenue was $13.3 billion in the first nine months of 2018, compared to $11.2 billion in the same period of 2017. The increase was primarily driven by the impact of the partial recapture of a reinsurance agreement in GB and increases in Individual Insurance & Wealth, both in SLF Canada, partially offset by the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar.

Segregated fund deposits were $2.7 billion in the third quarter of 2018, up $0.5 billion from the third quarter of 2017, primarily driven by increases in GRS in SLF Canada, and Hong Kong and the Philippines in SLF Asia. Segregated fund deposits were $8.8 billion in the first nine months of 2018, compared to $8.2 billion in the same period last year, primarily driven by increases in both Individual Insurance & Wealth and GRS in Canada as well as Hong Kong and the Philippines in SLF Asia.

Sales of mutual funds were $18.7 billion in the third quarter of 2018, down $2.0 billion from the third quarter of 2017, largely reflecting lower sales in India and the Philippines in SLF Asia, as well as lower sales from MFS, partially offset by the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar. Sales of mutual funds were $62.1 billion for the first nine months of 2018, compared to $66.2 billion in the same period in 2017. The lower mutual fund sales were primarily attributable to lower sales in MFS and SLF Asia, as well as the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar, partially offset by higher sales in SLF Canada.

Managed fund sales of $8.0 billion in the third quarter of 2018 decreased by $3.7 billion from the third quarter of 2017, primarily due to lower sales in MFS and SLIM, partially offset by the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar and higher sales in Hong Kong in SLF Asia. Sales of managed funds were $29.3 billion for the first nine months of 2018, down from $32.9 billion in the same period in 2017, primarily driven by decreases in MFS and SLIM sales, as well as the currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar, partially offset by increased sales in Hong Kong in SLF Asia.

ASO premium and deposit equivalents in the third quarter of 2018 and for the first nine months of 2018 decreased compared to the same periods in 2017, reflecting lower premium and deposit equivalents in SLF Canada.

The currency impact for total premium and deposits for the third quarter of 2018 from the change in the Canadian dollar relative to average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017 increased total premiums and deposits by approximately $1.0 billion. The currency impact for total premium and deposits for the first nine months of 2018 from the change in the Canadian dollar relative to average exchange rates in the first nine months of 2017 decreased total premiums and deposits by approximately $1.8 billion.

 

3. Assets Under Management

AUM consist of general funds, segregated funds, and other AUM. Other AUM includes mutual funds and managed funds, which include institutional and other third-party assets managed by the Company.

 

     Quarterly results  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q1’18      Q4’17      Q3’17  

Assets under management(1)

              

General fund assets

     162,439        164,709        163,499        162,720        158,757  

Segregated funds

     108,298        108,692        106,221        106,392        102,237  

Mutual funds, managed funds and other AUM(1)

     712,782        712,719        709,206        705,673        672,601  

Total AUM(1)

     983,519        986,120        978,926        974,785        933,595  

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

AUM were $983.5 billion as at September 30, 2018, compared to AUM of $974.8 billion as at December 31, 2017. The increase in AUM of $8.7 billion between December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2018 resulted primarily from:

 

(i)   an increase of $21.8 billion from favourable market movements;
(ii)   an increase of $14.5 billion from the weakening of the Canadian dollar relative to exchange rates at the end of the fourth quarter of 2017; and
(iii)   an increase of $2.0 billion of other business activities; partially offset by
(iv)   net outflows of mutual, managed, and segregated funds of $26.9 billion.

For the third quarter of 2018, net outflows of mutual, managed and segregated funds were $8.9 billion, predominantly driven by net outflows from MFS of $9.5 billion, partially offset by net inflows of $0.3 billion from SLF Canada and $0.5 billion from SLIM.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   11


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E. Financial Strength

 

     Quarterly results  
      Q3’18      Q2’18      Q1’18      Q4’17      Q3’17  

LICAT ratio(1)

              

Sun Life Financial Inc.

     145%        149%        149%        n/a        n/a  

Sun Life Assurance

     130%        134%        139%        n/a        n/a  

Financial leverage ratio(2)

     21.9%        21.8%        22.2%        23.6%        22.5%  

Dividend

              

Dividend payout ratio(2)

     40%        40%        36%        43%        41%  

Dividends per common share ($)

     0.475        0.475        0.455        0.455        0.435  

Capital

              

Subordinated debt and innovative capital instruments(3)

     3,738        3,737        3,736        4,136        3,736  

Participating policyholders’ equity and non-controlling interests

     802        517        475        650        633  

Preferred shareholders’ equity

     2,257        2,257        2,257        2,257        2,257  

Common shareholders’ equity

     20,577        20,959        20,547        20,064        20,041  

Total capital

     27,374        27,470        27,015        27,107        26,667  

 

(1) 

LICAT ratios are not applicable before January 1, 2018.

(2) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(3) 

Innovative capital instruments consist of Sun Life ExchangEable Capital Securities, and qualify as regulatory capital. However, under IFRS they are reported as Senior debentures in our Consolidated Financial Statements. For additional information see, section I – Capital and Liquidity Management – 1 – Capital in our 2017 annual MD&A.

Effective January 1, 2018, The Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (“OSFI”) has replaced the MCCSR capital adequacy guideline with the LICAT. As indicated by OSFI, the LICAT is an evolution of OSFI’s regulatory capital expectations, as it represents a more advanced and risk-sensitive approach to capital.

SLF Inc. is a non-operating insurance company and is subject to the LICAT guideline. As at September 30, 2018, SLF Inc.’s LICAT ratio was 145%, which is well above OSFI’s regulatory minimum ratio of 90%.

Sun Life Assurance, SLF Inc.’s principal operating life insurance subsidiary, is also subject to the LICAT guideline. As at September 30, 2018, Sun Life Assurance’s LICAT ratio was 130%, well above OSFI’s supervisory ratio of 100% and regulatory minimum ratio of 90%. In the third quarter of 2018, the Sun Life Assurance ratio decreased by 4% primarily due to ACMA, partially offset by capital generated from the businesses of Sun Life Assurance net of dividends to SLF Inc.

SLF Inc.’s total capital consists of subordinated debt and other capital instruments, participating policyholders’ equity, and total shareholders’ equity, which includes common shareholders’ equity and preferred shareholders’ equity. As at September 30, 2018, total capital was $27.4 billion, compared to $27.1 billion as at December 31, 2017. The increase in total capital was primarily the result of total net income of $1,942 million, change in participating policyholder’s equity of $152 million, and foreign currency translation gain of $136 million included in other comprehensive income (loss), partially offset by the repayment of $400 million of subordinated debentures detailed below, payment of $853 million of dividends on common shares of SLF Inc. (“common shares”), unrealized losses on available-for-sale (“AFS”) assets of $371 million, and $406 million from the repurchase and cancellation of common shares.

SLF Inc. and its wholly-owned holding companies had $2.7 billion in cash and other liquid assets(1) as at September 30, 2018 ($2.0 billion as at December 31, 2017). The increase in cash and other liquid assets in these holding companies in the first nine months of 2018 was primarily attributable to the dividends from the operating companies including Sun Life Assurance, which were partially offset by $406 million from the repurchase and cancellation of common shares and the repayment of $400 million of subordinated debentures.

On January 30, 2018, SLF Inc. redeemed all of the outstanding $400 million principal amount of Series 2008-1 Subordinated Unsecured 5.59% Fixed/Floating Debentures at a redemption price equal to the principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest to that date.

Normal Course Issuer Bid

On August 14, 2018, SLF Inc. renewed its normal course issuer bid. This normal course issuer bid remains in effect until the earlier of August 13, 2019 and the date on which SLF Inc. has purchased an aggregate of 14.0 million common shares under the bid. During the third quarter of 2018, SLF Inc. purchased and canceled approximately 3.8 million common shares at a total cost of $200 million, including approximately 0.2 million common shares at a cost of $10 million that were purchased and canceled under SLF Inc.’s previous normal course issuer bid, which terminated on August 13, 2018. During the first nine months of 2018, SLF Inc. purchased and canceled approximately 7.7 million common shares at a total cost of $406 million.

 

(1) 

Other liquid assets include cash equivalents, short-term investments, and publicly traded securities.

 

12   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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F. Performance by Business Group

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Reported net income (loss)

              

SLF Canada

     335        262        340        846        791  

SLF U.S.(1)

     (267      105        72        (66      (81

SLF Asset Management

     241        214        185        665        539  

SLF Asia(1)

     164        133        216        430        657  

Corporate

     94        (8      4        67        36  

Total reported net income (loss)

     567        706        817        1,942        1,942  

Underlying net income (loss)(2)

              

SLF Canada

     251        245        222        791        717  

SLF U.S.(1)

     139        125        121        393        281  

SLF Asset Management

     251        216        204        698        586  

SLF Asia(1)

     110        145        130        383        350  

Corporate

     (21      (2      (34      (36      (29

Total underlying net income (loss)(2)

     730        729        643          2,229          1,905  

 

(1) 

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia as described below, and comparative figures in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation.

(2) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

Information describing the business groups and their respective business units is included in our 2017 annual MD&A. All factors discussed in this document that impact our underlying net income are also applicable to reported net income.

Effective in the first quarter of 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia. By combining our SLF Asia and International capabilities, we expect to accelerate the development of our high net worth insurance business in Asia. The U.S. will focus on growing our U.S. group benefits business and managing the in-force block of U.S. individual insurance.

1. SLF Canada

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Individual Insurance & Wealth

     143        105        211        355        373  

Group Benefits

     51        103        74        223        254  

Group Retirement Services

     141        54        55        268        164  

Reported net income (loss)

     335        262        340        846        791  

Market related impacts

     46        15        90        17        46  

Assumption changes and management actions

     39        5        34        37        46  

Other adjustments(1)

     (1      (3      (6      1        (18

Underlying net income (loss)(2)

     251        245        222        791        717  

Reported ROE (%)(2)(3)

     19.4        15.5        17.7        16.7        13.7  

Underlying ROE (%)(2)(3)

     14.5        14.5        11.6        15.6        12.4  

Insurance sales(2)

     203        266        217        765        898  

Wealth sales(2)

     3,539        3,039        3,609        10,403        11,793  

 

(1) 

Mainly comprised of Certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting. For further information, see section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(3) 

The adoption of LICAT impacted the capital allocation for SLF Canada. As a result, reported and underlying ROEs increased approximately 1.6% and 1.8%, respectively, in both the third quarter and year-to-date of 2018.

Profitability

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF Canada’s reported net income was $335 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to $340 million in the third quarter of 2017. Underlying net income in the third quarter of 2018 was $251 million, compared to $222 million in the third quarter of 2017.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   13


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Reported net income in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017 resulted from less favourable market related impacts, which included less favourable impacts from interest rates and changes in the fair value of investment properties. Underlying net income in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the same period in 2017 increased, driven by investment experience and business growth primarily in GRS, partially offset by a decrease in new business gains.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

Reported net income was $846 million for the first nine months of 2018, compared to $791 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Underlying net income was $791 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $717 million in the same period last year.

Reported net income in the first nine months of 2018 increased $55 million compared to the first nine months of 2017, reflecting less favourable market related impacts, primarily unfavourable equity impacts, partially offset by less unfavourable net interest rate impacts. Underlying net income in the first nine months of 2018 increased $74 million compared to the first nine months of 2017 largely due to interest on par seed capital, business growth, and favourable investment experience, partially offset by a decrease in new business gains and less favourable mortality.

Growth

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF Canada individual insurance sales in the third quarter of 2018 of $90 million were slightly higher than $87 million in the same period last year. Sales in GB of $113 million decreased by 13% compared to the third quarter of 2017 as a result of large case sales in 2017.

SLF Canada wealth sales for the third quarter of 2018 were down slightly compared to the same period last year. Individual wealth sales increased by 15% due to continued growth of our wealth manufactured(1) products, more than offset by an 11% decrease in GRS due to large case sales in 2017.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

SLF Canada individual insurance sales were $288 million in the first nine months of 2018, compared to $331 million in the same period last year, following strong sales in the first quarter of 2017 as a result of tax legislation and product design changes. Sales in GB of $477 million decreased 16% compared to the first nine months of 2017, driven by several large case sales in 2017.

SLF Canada wealth sales were $10.4 billion in the first nine months of 2018, compared to $11.8 billion in the same period last year. Individual wealth sales of $4.8 billion were up 8% in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the same period last year, driven by continued growth in our wealth manufactured(1) products. GRS sales of $5.6 billion were down 24% over the first nine months in 2017 due to lower market activity.

 

(1) 

Represents individual wealth products developed by Sun Life Financial, which include Sun Life Global Investments mutual funds, Sun Life Guaranteed Investment Funds segregated funds, Guaranteed Investment Certificates, and Accumulation and Payout Annuities.

 

14   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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2. SLF U.S.

 

     Quarterly results(1)      Year-to-date(1)  
(US$ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Group Benefits

     68        57        86        158        110  

In-force Management

     (273      24        (29      (206      (168

Reported net income (loss)

     (205      81        57        (48      (58

Market related impacts(2)

     (4      (1      2        (25      (19

Assumption changes and management actions(1)(3)

     (301      (3      (30      (302      (210

Acquisition, integration and restructuring(3)

     (6      (12      (12      (26      (44

Underlying net income (loss)(3)

     106        97        97        305        215  

Reported ROE (%)(3)

     (30.6      11.7        8.8        (2.3      (3.0

Underlying ROE (%)(3)

     15.7        14.0        14.9        14.9        11.2  

After-tax profit margin for Group Benefits (%)(3)

     6.4        6.5        4.5        6.4        4.5  

Insurance sales(3)

     132        120        154        360        369  

(C$ millions)

                                            

Reported net income (loss)

     (267      105        72        (66      (81

Underlying net income (loss)(3)

     139        125        121        393        281  

 

(1) 

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, and comparative figures in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation. For further information, see earlier in this section.

(2) 

See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document for a breakdown of the components.

(3) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

Profitability

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF U.S.’s reported net loss was US$205 million ($267 million) in the third quarter of 2018, compared to reported net income of US$57 million ($72 million) in the third quarter of 2017. Underlying net income was US$106 million ($139 million), compared to US$97 million ($121 million) in the third quarter of 2017. The impact from the movement of the Canadian dollar in the third quarter of 2018 relative to average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017 increased reported net loss by $11 million and increased underlying net income by $6 million.

Reported net income in the third quarter of 2018 reflected unfavourable ACMA of US$301 million, primarily related to changes in assumptions for policyholder behaviour in In-force Management, compared to unfavourable ACMA of US$30 million in the third quarter of 2017. Underlying net income improved compared to the third quarter of 2017, benefiting from the lower income tax rate in the U.S. and favourable investment experience, partially offset by less favourable mortality experience in Group Benefits.

The after-tax profit margin for Group Benefits(1) was 6.4% as of the third quarter of 2018, compared to 4.5% as of the third quarter of 2017.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

SLF U.S.’s reported net loss was US$48 million ($66 million) for the first nine months of 2018, compared to reported net loss of US$58 million ($81 million) for the same period last year. Underlying net income was US$305 million ($393 million) in the first nine months of 2018, compared to US$215 million ($281 million) in the same period of 2017. The impact from the movement in the Canadian dollar in the first nine months of 2018 relative to average exchange rates in the first nine months of 2017 decreased reported net loss by $1 million and decreased underlying net income by $6 million.

Reported net income in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 reflected unfavourable ACMA impacts of US$92 million. ACMA increased the net loss in the first nine months of 2018 and 2017 by US$302 million and by US$210 million, respectively.

ACMA in 2018 was primarily driven by the impact of ACMA in the third quarter of 2018, discussed in the previous section Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017. See Section M – Non-IFRS measures in this document for more details including references to notable impacts in 2017. Underlying net income in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 reflected favourable morbidity experience in Group Benefits, the lower income tax rate in the U.S., business growth, interest on par seed capital within In-force Management, and favourable new business gains. These items were partially offset by unfavourable mortality experience in Group Benefits.

 

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   15


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Growth

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF U.S. Group Benefits sales of US$132 million in the third quarter of 2018 decreased 14% compared to the same quarter of 2017, as a result of a decrease in medical stop-loss sales, partially offset by growth in employee benefits sales.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

SLF U.S. Group Benefits sales of US$360 million in the first nine months of 2018 were comparable with the same period in 2017.

3. SLF Asset Management

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
SLF Asset Management (C$ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Reported net income

     241        214        185        665        539  

Fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards(1)

     (10      (2      (19      (33      (47

Underlying net income(1)

     251        216        204        698        586  

Assets under management (C$ billions)(1)

     687.2        684.0        647.7        687.2        647.7  

Gross sales (C$ billions)(1)

     24.4        25.3        28.6        82.0        88.7  

Net sales (C$ billions)(1)

     (9.0      (14.7      (1.9      (28.8      (19.0

MFS (C$ millions)

                                            

Reported net income

     232        211        180        644        521  

Fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards(1)

     (10      (2      (19      (33      (47

Underlying net income(1)

     242        213        199        677        568  

Assets under management (C$ billions)(1)

     625.9        622.5        591.2        625.9        591.2  

Gross sales (C$ billions)(1)

     22.8        24.1        26.3        76.4        80.9  

Net sales (C$ billions)(1)

     (9.5      (14.9      (3.3      (29.8      (23.4

MFS (US$ millions)

                                            

Reported net income

     178        163        143        500        399  

Fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards(1)

     (8      (1      (16      (26      (37

Underlying net income(1)

     186        164        159        526        436  

Pre-tax net operating profit margin ratio(1)

     40%        36%        41%        38%        38%  

Average net assets (US$ billions)(1)

     482.9        480.9        468.2        486.2        453.1  

Assets under management (US$ billions)(1)(2)

     485.0        474.1        474.2        485.0        474.2  

Gross sales (US$ billions)(1)

     17.4        18.6        21.0        59.5        61.9  

Net sales (US$ billions)(1)

     (7.3      (11.5      (2.7      (23.1      (17.8

Asset appreciation (depreciation) (US$ billions)

     18.2        3.4        14.7        16.5        66.4  

S&P 500 Index (daily average)

     2,849        2,704        2,465        2,762        2,396  

MSCI EAFE Index (daily average)

     1,964        2,018        1,934        2,018        1,846  

SLIM (C$ millions)

                                            

Reported net income

     9        3        5        21        18  

Underlying net income(1)

     9        3        5        21        18  

Assets under management (C$ billions)(1)

     61.3        61.5        56.5        61.3        56.5  

Gross sales (C$ billions)(1)

     1.6        1.2        2.3        5.5        7.8  

Net sales (C$ billions)(1)

     0.5        0.2        1.5        1        4.5  

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Monthly information on AUM is provided by MFS in its Corporate Fact Sheet, which can be found at www.mfs.com/CorpFact. The Corporate Fact Sheet also provides MFS’s U.S. GAAP assets and liabilities as at September 30, 2018.

 

16   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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Profitability

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF Asset Management’s reported net income was $241 million in the third quarter of 2018 compared to $185 million in the third quarter of 2017. SLF Asset Management had underlying net income of $251 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to $204 million in the third quarter of 2017. The impact from the movement of the Canadian dollar in the third quarter of 2018 relative to average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017 increased reported net income and underlying net income by $9 million and $10 million, respectively.

In U.S. dollars, MFS’s reported net income was US$178 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to US$143 million in the third quarter of 2017. MFS’s underlying net income was US$186 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to US$159 million in the third quarter of 2017. MFS’s reported net income reflected favourable impacts from fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards. Underlying net income compared to the third quarter of 2017 was driven by the lower income tax rate in the U.S., expense management, and higher average net assets. MFS’s pre-tax net operating profit margin ratio(1) was 40% in the third quarter of 2018.

SLIM’s reported net income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $9 million compared to $5 million for the same period last year.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

SLF Asset Management’s reported net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $665 million, compared to $539 million for the same period last year. Underlying net income was $698 million for the first nine months of 2018, compared to $586 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The impact from the movement of the Canadian dollar in the first nine months of 2018, relative to average exchange rates in the first nine months of 2017, decreased reported net income and underlying net income by $10 million and $11 million, respectively.

MFS’s reported net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was US$500 million, compared to US$399 million for the same period last year. MFS’s underlying net income was US$526 million for the first nine months of 2018, compared to US$436 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. MFS’s increased underlying net income in U.S. dollars for the first nine months of 2018 was driven primarily by the lower income tax rate in the U.S. and higher average net assets.

SLIM’s reported net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $21 million compared to $18 million for the same period last year.

Growth

SLF Asset Management’s AUM was $687.2 billion as at September 30, 2018, compared to $677.6 billion as at December 31, 2017. The increase in AUM was primarily due to market movements, partially offset by net outflows and currency movement. MFS’s AUM was US$485.0 billion ($625.9 billion) as at September 30, 2018, compared to US$491.6 billion ($618.3 billion) as at December 31, 2017. The decrease of US$6.6 billion was primarily driven by redemptions of US$82.6 billion, partially offset by gross sales of US$59.5 billion and asset appreciation of US$16.5 billion.

In the third quarter of 2018, 66%, 82% and 88% of MFS’s retail fund assets ranked in the top half of their Lipper categories based on three-, five-, and ten-year performance, respectively.

SLIM’s AUM was $61.3 billion as at September 30, 2018, compared to $59.3 billion as at December 31, 2017.

 

(1) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   17


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4. SLF Asia

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Insurance and Wealth

     89        86        93        280        243  

International(1)

     75        47        123        150        414  

Reported net income (loss)

     164        133        216        430        657  

Market related impacts(2)

     (12             12        (8      23  

Assumption changes and management actions(1)(3)

     66               74        67        284  

Acquisition, integration and restructuring(3)(4)

            (12             (12       

Underlying net income (loss)(3)

     110        145        130        383        350  

Reported ROE (%)(3)(5)

     13.3        10.9        15.8        11.8        16.1  

Underlying ROE (%)(3)(5)

     8.9        11.8        9.5        10.5        8.6  

Insurance sales(3)

     202        212        189        647        559  

Wealth sales(3)

     1,928        2,502        3,607        8,166        9,453  

 

(1) 

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, and comparative figures in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation. For further information, see earlier in this section.

(2) 

See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document for a breakdown of the components.

(3) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(4) 

Pertains to a distribution arrangement in India for asset management.

(5) 

As a result of a revision of the capital allocation model for SLF Asia, reported and underlying ROEs for the third quarter of 2018 increased by 1.6% and 1.2%, respectively, in both the third quarter and year-to-date of 2018.

Profitability

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF Asia’s reported net income was $164 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to reported net income of $216 million in the third quarter of 2017. Underlying net income was $110 million, compared to $130 million in the third quarter of 2017. The impact of the movement of the Canadian dollar in the third quarter of 2018 relative to average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017 increased both reported net income and underlying net income by $1 million.

Reported net income in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017 predominantly reflected unfavourable market related impacts and less favourable ACMA impacts. Underlying net income in the third quarter of 2018, compared to the third quarter of 2017, reflected higher new business strain, unfavourable variance in realized gains from AFS assets, and unfavourable expenses driven by investment in growing our businesses, partially offset by business growth.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

Reported net income was $430 million for the first nine months of 2018, compared to $657 million for the same period last year. Underlying net income for the first nine months of 2018 was $383 million, compared to $350 million in the same period last year. The unfavourable impact of the change in the Canadian dollar in the first nine months of 2018 relative to average exchange rates in the same period last year decreased both reported net income and underlying net income by $13 million.

Reported net income in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 predominantly reflected the large favourable impact from ACMA in International in the comparable period in 2017, as well as unfavourable market related impacts. See Section M – Non-IFRS measures in this document for more details including references to notable impacts in 2017. Underlying net income for the first nine months of 2018 compared to the first nine months of 2017 was driven by business growth, partially offset by unfavourable expenses driven by investment in growing our businesses, and impacts of investment activity on insurance contract liabilities.

Growth

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

SLF Asia insurance sales were $202 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to $189 million in the third quarter of 2017. Total individual insurance sales increased by 7%, driven by growth in India, primarily from a new bancassurance relationship, and the Philippines, driven by agency productivity.

SLF Asia wealth sales were $1.9 billion in the third quarter of 2018, compared to $3.6 billion in the third quarter of 2017, largely as a result of market volatility in India and the Philippines, partially offset by Hong Kong MPF sales, which were up 37% on a constant currency basis.

 

18   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

SLF Asia insurance sales increased 16% to $647 million in the first nine months of 2018, compared to $559 million in the first nine months of 2017. On a constant currency basis, individual insurance sales increased 19% with growth led by our Philippines, India, and China businesses.

SLF Asia wealth sales were $8.2 billion in the first nine months of 2018, compared to $9.5 billion in the first nine months of 2017. Momentum in our Hong Kong MPF business partially offset lower sales in other regions during the comparable period.

5. Corporate

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

SLF U.K.

     134        37        72        219        175  

Corporate Support

     (40      (45      (68      (152      (139

Reported net income (loss)

     94        (8      4        67        36  

Market related impacts(1)

     (4      (6      7        (13      5  

Assumption changes and management actions(2)

     122               33        122        65  

Acquisition, integration and restructuring(2)

     (3             (2      (6      (5

Underlying net income (loss)(2)

     (21      (2      (34      (36      (29

 

(1) 

See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document for a breakdown of the components.

(2) 

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

Profitability

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017

Reported net income in Corporate was $94 million in the third quarter of 2018, compared to reported net income of $4 million in the third quarter of 2017. Underlying net loss was $21 million, compared to $34 million in the third quarter of 2017. The impact from the movement of the Canadian dollar in the third quarter of 2018 relative to average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017 increased reported net income and underlying net income by $9 million and $1 million, respectively.

Corporate reported net income in the third quarter of 2018 increased compared to the third quarter of 2017 due to favourable ACMA in SLF U.K. Underlying net loss in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017 reflected lower expenses including incentive compensation in Corporate Support and higher investment income on surplus assets, lower interest on subordinated debt, partially offset by unfavourable mortality experience and lower benefits from tax related items.

Q3 2018 vs. Q3 2017 (year-to-date)

The reported net income was $67 million in the Corporate segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $36 million for the same period last year. Underlying net loss was $36 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $29 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The impact from the movement of the Canadian dollar in the first nine months of 2018, relative to average exchange rates in the first nine months of 2017, increased reported net income by $7 million and decreased underlying net loss by $5 million, respectively.

The reported net income in Corporate in the first nine months of 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 reflected a favourable ACMA impact in 2018 in SLF U.K., and unfavourable market related impacts in 2018. Underlying net loss for the nine months ended September 2018, compared to 2017, reflected lower benefits from tax related items, partially offset by higher investment income on surplus assets and lower expenses, as well as lower interest on subordinated debt.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   19


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G. Investments

We had total general fund invested assets of $145.6 billion as at September 30, 2018, compared to $146.1 billion as at December 31, 2017. The decrease in general fund invested assets was primarily due to a decline in net fair value, primarily as a result of rising interest rates. This decline was partially offset by an increase in operating activity, as well as changes in the currency impact from the weakening of the Canadian dollar relative to exchange rates at the end of the fourth quarter of 2017. Our general fund invested assets are well diversified across investment types, geographies and sectors with the majority of our portfolio invested in fixed income high quality assets.

The following table sets out the composition of our general fund invested assets.(1)

 

     September 30, 2018      December 31, 2017  
($ millions)    Carrying
value
     % of total
carrying value
    

Carrying

value

     % of total
carrying value
 

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities

     8,196        6%        8,890        6%  

Debt securities

     71,076        49%        72,619        50%  

Equity securities

     4,961        3%        6,020        4%  

Mortgages and loans

     45,207        31%        42,805        29%  

Derivative assets

     1,185        1%        1,478        1%  

Other invested assets

     4,546        3%        4,154        3%  

Policy loans

     3,141        2%        3,106        2%  

Investment properties

     7,270        5%        7,067        5%  

Total invested assets

     145,582        100%        146,139        100%  

 

(1)  

The values and ratios presented are based on the carrying value of the respective asset categories. Generally, the carrying values for Fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) and AFS invested assets are equal to their fair values; however our mortgages and loans are generally carried at amortized cost. For invested assets supporting insurance contracts, in the event of default, if the amounts recovered are insufficient to satisfy the related insurance contract liability cash flows that the assets are intended to support, credit exposure may be greater than the carrying value of the assets.

1. Debt Securities

Our debt securities portfolio is actively managed through a regular program of purchases and sales aimed at optimizing yield, quality and liquidity, while ensuring that it remains well diversified and duration-matched to insurance contract liabilities. With the exception of certain countries where we have business operations, including Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and the Philippines, our exposure to debt securities from any single country did not exceed 1% of total invested assets on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as at September 30, 2018.

The carrying value of FVTPL and AFS debt securities by geographic location is presented in the following table.

 

     September 30, 2018      December 31, 2017  
($ millions)    FVTPL
debt
securities
     AFS debt
securities
     Total      % of
Total
     FVTPL
debt
securities
     AFS debt
securities
     Total      % of
Total
 

Debt securities

                       

Canada

     24,272        4,456        28,728        40%        24,132        4,114        28,246        39%  

United States

     19,572        5,590        25,162        35%        20,758        5,719        26,477        36%  

Europe

     8,670        1,294        9,964        14%        8,923        1,402        10,325        14%  

Asia

     3,410        449        3,859        6%        3,694        571        4,265        6%  

Other

     2,285        1,078        3,363        5%        2,460        846        3,306        5%  

Total debt securities

     58,209        12,867        71,076        100%        59,967        12,652        72,619        100%  

Our debt securities with a credit rating of “A” or higher represented 72.4% of the total debt securities as at September 30, 2018, compared to 70.6% as at December 31, 2017. Debt securities with a credit rating of “BBB” or higher represented 98.8% of total debt securities as at September 30, 2018, compared to 98.3% as at December 31, 2017.

Our gross unrealized losses as at September 30, 2018 for FVTPL and AFS debt securities were $1.2 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively, compared with $0.3 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively, as at December 31, 2017. The increase in gross unrealized losses was largely due to the impact from rising interest rates and credit spreads.

 

20   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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2. Mortgages and Loans

Mortgages and loans in this section are presented at their carrying value on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Our mortgage portfolio consisted almost entirely of first mortgages and our loan portfolio consisted of private placement loans.

The carrying value of mortgages and loans by geographic location is presented in the following table.(1)

Mortgages and Loans by Geography

 

     September 30, 2018      December 31, 2017  
($ millions)    Mortgages      Loans      Total      Mortgages      Loans      Total  

Canada

     8,561        13,290        21,851        8,390        13,265        21,655  

United States

     7,445        10,597        18,042        7,103        9,542        16,645  

Europe

            3,280        3,280               2,706        2,706  

Asia

            347        347               265        265  

Other

            1,687        1,687               1,534        1,534  

Total

     16,006        29,201        45,207        15,493        27,312        42,805  

% of Total Invested Assets

     11%        20%        31%        11%        19%        29%  

 

(1)  

The geographic location for mortgages is based on the location of the property and for loans it is based on the country of the creditor’s parent.

As at September 30, 2018, we held $16.0 billion of mortgages, compared to $15.5 billion as at December 31, 2017. Our mortgage portfolio consists entirely of commercial mortgages, including retail, office, multi-family, industrial and land properties. As at September 30, 2018, 32% of our commercial mortgage portfolio consisted of multi-family residential mortgages; there are no single family residential mortgages. Our uninsured commercial portfolio had a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of approximately 55% as at September 30, 2018, consistent with December 31, 2017. While we generally limit the maximum loan-to-value ratio to 75% at issuance, we may invest in mortgages with a higher loan-to-value ratio in Canada if the mortgage is insured by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (“CMHC”). The estimated weighted average debt service coverage for our uninsured commercial portfolio is 1.76 times. Of the $3.3 billion of multi-family residential mortgages in the Canadian commercial mortgage portfolio, 91% were insured by the CMHC.

As at September 30, 2018, we held $29.2 billion of loans, compared to $27.3 billion as at December 31, 2017. Private placement loans provide diversification by type of loan, industry segment and borrower credit quality. The private placement loan portfolio consists of senior secured and unsecured loans to large- and mid-market sized corporate borrowers, securitized lease/loan obligations secured by a variety of assets, and project finance loans in sectors such as power and infrastructure.

Mortgages and Loans Past Due or Impaired

The gross carrying value and allowance for mortgages and loans past due or impaired are presented in the following table.

 

     September 30, 2018  
     Gross carrying value      Allowance for losses  
($ millions)    Mortgages      Loans      Total      Mortgages      Loans      Total  

Not past due

     16,000        29,081        45,081                       

Past due:

                 

Past due less than 90 days

            9        9                       

Past due 90 days or more

                                         

Impaired

     30        153        183        24 (1)        42        66  

Total

     16,030        29,243        45,273        24        42        66  
     December 31, 2017  
     Gross carrying value      Allowance for losses  
($ millions)    Mortgages      Loans      Total      Mortgages      Loans      Total  

Not past due

     15,482        27,180        42,662                       

Past due:

                 

Past due less than 90 days

            71        71                       

Past due 90 days or more

                                         

Impaired

     33        89        122        22 (1)        28        50  

Total

     15,515        27,340        42,855        22        28        50  

 

(1)  

Includes $20 million of sectoral provisions as at September 30, 2018, consistent with December 31, 2017.

Our impaired mortgages and loans net of allowances for losses were $117 million as at September 30, 2018, compared to $72 million as at December 31, 2017.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   21


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3. Derivative Financial Instruments

The values associated with our derivative instruments are presented in the following table. Notional amounts serve as the basis for payments calculated under derivatives contracts and are generally not exchanged.

 

($ millions)    September 30, 2018      December 31, 2017  

Net fair value asset (liability)

     (491      (278

Total notional amount

     54,787        54,121  

Credit equivalent amount(2)

     628        561  

Risk-weighted credit equivalent amount(1)(2)

     15.0        n/a  

 

(1) 

The September 30, 2018 risk-weighted credit equivalent amount is calculated under the new LICAT guidelines which were effective January 1, 2018. LICAT ratios are not applicable before January 1, 2018.

(2) 

Amounts presented are net of collateral received.

The total notional amount of our derivatives increased to $54.8 billion as at September 30, 2018 from $54.1 billion as at December 31, 2017.

The net fair value of derivatives was a liability of $491 million as at September 30, 2018, compared to a liability of $278 million as at December 31, 2017. The increase in the liability was primarily due to the impact from changes in foreign exchange rates and swap curves.

4. Asset Default Provision

We make provisions for possible future credit events in the determination of our insurance contract liabilities. The amount of the provision for asset default included in insurance contract liabilities is based on possible reductions in future investment yields that vary by factors such as type of asset, asset credit quality (rating), duration and country of origin. To the extent that an asset is written off, or disposed of, any amounts that were set aside in our insurance contract liabilities for possible future asset defaults in respect of that asset are released.

Our asset default provision reflects the provision relating to future credit events for fixed income assets currently held by the Company that support our insurance contract liabilities. Our asset default provision as at September 30, 2018 was $2,238 million compared to $2,288 million as at December 31, 2017. The decrease of $50 million was primarily due to the release of provisions on fixed income assets supporting our insurance contract liabilities, partially offset by an increase in the provision for assets purchased, net of dispositions, and change due to yield curve movement, and the weakening of the Canadian dollar.

 

22   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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H. Risk Management

 

The shaded text and tables in this section H represent our disclosure on market risks in accordance with IFRS 7 Financial Instruments – Disclosures and is an integral part of our unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2018. The shading in this section does not imply that these disclosures are of any greater importance than non-shaded tables and text, and the Risk Management disclosure should be read in its entirety.

The Company has established a Risk Management Framework to assist in identifying, measuring, managing, monitoring and reporting risks. The Risk Management Framework covers all risks and these have been grouped into six major categories: credit, market, insurance, business and strategic, operational and liquidity risks.

Through our enterprise risk management processes, we oversee the various risk factors identified in the Risk Management Framework and provide reports to senior management and to the Board Committees at least quarterly. Our enterprise risk management processes and risk factors are described in our annual MD&A and AIF.

 

When referring to segregated funds in this section, it is inclusive of segregated fund guarantees, variable annuities and investment products and includes Run-off reinsurance in our Corporate business segment.

1. Market Risk Sensitivities

 

Our net income(1) is affected by the determination of policyholder obligations under our annuity and insurance contracts. These amounts are determined using internal valuation models and are recorded in our Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, primarily as Insurance contract liabilities. The determination of these obligations requires management to make assumptions about the future level of equity market performance, interest rates, credit and swap spreads and other factors over the life of our products. Differences between our actual experience and our best estimate assumptions are reflected in our Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. Refer to Additional Cautionary Language and Key Assumptions Related to Sensitivities in this section for important additional information regarding these estimates.

The market value of our investments in fixed income and equity securities fluctuates based on movements in interest rates and equity markets. The market value of fixed income assets designated as AFS that are held primarily in our surplus segment increases with declining interest rates and decreases with rising interest rates. The market value of equities designated as AFS and held primarily in our surplus segment increases (decreases) with rising (declining) equity markets. Changes in the market value of AFS assets flow through other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and are only recognized in net income when realized upon sale, or when considered impaired. The amount of realized gains (losses) recorded in net income in any period is equal to the unrealized gains (losses) or OCI position at the start of the period plus the change in market value during the current period up to the point of sale for those securities that were sold during the period. The sale or impairment of AFS assets held in surplus can therefore have the effect of modifying our net income sensitivity.

We realized $19 million (pre-tax) in net gains on the sale of AFS assets during the third quarter of 2018 ($41 million pre-tax in the third quarter of 2017). The net unrealized gains (losses) or OCI position on AFS fixed income and equity assets were $(114) million and $89 million, respectively, after-tax as at September 30, 2018 ($171 million and $175 million, respectively, after-tax as at December 31, 2017).

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) 

Net income refers to common shareholders’ net income in section H – Risk Management in this document.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   23


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Equity Market Sensitivities

The following table sets out the estimated immediate impact on, or sensitivity of, our net income and OCI and Sun Life Assurance’s LICAT ratio to certain instantaneous changes in equity market prices as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

 

As at September 30, 2018

($ millions, unless otherwise noted)

                               
Change in Equity Markets(1)    25% decrease      10% decrease      10% increase      25% increase  

Potential impact on net income(2)(3)

     $    (300)        $    (100)        $    100        $    250  

Potential impact on OCI(3)

     $    (150)        $      (50)        $      50        $    150  

Potential impact on LICAT(2)(4)

    
2.0% point
decrease
 
 
    
0.5% point
decrease
 
 
    
0.5% point
increase
 
 
    
1.0% point
increase
 
 

As at December 31, 2017

($ millions, unless otherwise noted)

                               
Change in Equity Markets(1)    25% decrease      10% decrease      10% increase      25% increase  

Potential impact on net income(2)(3)

     $    (300)        $    (100)        $    100        $    300  

Potential impact on OCI(3)

     $    (200)        $      (50)        $      50        $    200  

Potential impact on LICAT(2)(4)

     n/a        n/a        n/a        n/a  

 

(1)  

Represents the respective change across all equity markets as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Assumes that actual equity exposures consistently and precisely track the broader equity markets. Since in actual practice equity-related exposures generally differ from broad market indices (due to the impact of active management, basis risk, and other factors), realized sensitivities may differ significantly from those illustrated above. Sensitivities include the impact of re-balancing equity hedges for dynamic hedging programs at 2% intervals (for 10% changes in equity markets) and at 5% intervals (for 25% changes in equity markets).

(2) 

The market risk sensitivities include the estimated mitigation impact of our hedging programs in effect as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and include new business added and product changes implemented prior to such dates.

(3) 

Net income and OCI sensitivities have been rounded to the nearest $50 million. The sensitivities exclude the market impacts on the income from our joint ventures and associates, which we account for on an equity basis.

 

(4) 

The LICAT sensitivities illustrate the impact on Sun Life Assurance as at September 30, 2018. LICAT ratios are not applicable before January 1, 2018. LICAT ratios are rounded to the nearest 0.5%.

Interest Rate Sensitivities

The following table sets out the estimated immediate impact on, or sensitivity of, our net income and OCI and Sun Life Assurance’s LICAT ratio to certain instantaneous changes in interest rates as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Sun Life Assurance’s LICAT ratio decreases with rising interest rates and increases with declining interest rates, which is opposite to our net income sensitivity. Increases to interest rates will reduce the value of our assets and margins in our actuarial liabilities, resulting in a lower LICAT ratio. LICAT includes the change in OCI associated with assets designated as AFS. On adoption of LICAT, given the change in the sensitivity profile, the ranges of sensitivities were reviewed and updated accordingly. The sensitivity of our LICAT ratio to changes in interest rates has decreased in the third quarter of 2018 as a result of ACMA and investment-related management actions.

 

 

($ millions, unless otherwise noted)    As at September 30, 2018      As at December 31, 2017  
Change in Interest Rates(1)    50 basis point
decrease
     50 basis point
increase
     50 basis point
decrease
     50 basis point
increase
 

Potential impact on net income(2)(3)(4)

     $    (100      $     100      $ (100    $        50  

Potential impact on OCI(3)

     $     250        $    (250    $      250      $ (250

Potential impact on LICAT(2)(5)

    
2.0% point
increase
 
 
    
1.5% point
decrease
 
 
     n/a        n/a  

 

(1) 

Interest rate sensitivities assume a parallel shift in assumed interest rates across the entire yield curve as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 with no change to the Actuarial Standards Board (“ASB”) promulgated Ultimate Reinvestment Rate (“URR”). Variations in realized yields based on factors such as different terms to maturity and geographies may result in realized sensitivities being significantly different from those illustrated above. Sensitivities include the impact of re-balancing interest rate hedges for dynamic hedging programs at 10 basis point intervals (for 50 basis point changes in interest rates).

(2) 

The market risk sensitivities include the estimated mitigation impact of our hedging programs in effect as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and include new business added and product changes implemented prior to such dates.

(3) 

Net income and OCI sensitivities have been rounded to the nearest $50 million. The sensitivities exclude the market impacts on the income from our joint ventures and associates, which we account for on an equity basis.

(4) 

The majority of interest rate sensitivity, after hedging, is attributed to individual insurance products. We also have interest rate sensitivity, after hedging, from our fixed annuity and segregated funds products.

 

(5) 

The LICAT sensitivities illustrate the impact on Sun Life Assurance as at September 30, 2018. LICAT ratios are not applicable before January 1, 2018. LICAT ratios are rounded to the nearest 0.5%.

 

24   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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2. Credit Spread and Swap Spread Sensitivities

We have estimated the immediate impact or sensitivity of our net income attributable to certain instantaneous changes in credit and swap spreads. The credit spread sensitivities reflect the impact of changes in credit spreads on our asset and liability valuations (including non-sovereign fixed income assets, provincial governments, corporate bonds, and other fixed income assets). The swap spread sensitivities reflect the impact of changes in swap spreads on swap-based derivative positions and liability valuations.

 

($ millions, unless otherwise noted)    Credit Spread Sensitivities(1)      Swap Spread Sensitivities  
Net income sensitivity(2)    50 basis point
decrease
     50 basis point
increase
     20 basis point
decrease
     20 basis point
increase
 

September 30, 2018

   $     (100    $     100      $     25      $     (25

December 31, 2017

   $ (100    $ 100      $ 25      $ (25

 

(1) 

In most instances, credit spreads are assumed to revert to long-term insurance contract liability assumptions generally over a five-year period.

(2) 

Sensitivities have been rounded to the nearest $25 million.

The credit and swap spread sensitivities assume a parallel shift in the indicated spreads across the entire term structure. Variations in realized spread changes based on different terms to maturity, geographies, asset classes and derivative types, underlying interest rate movements, and ratings may result in realized sensitivities being significantly different from those provided above. The credit spread sensitivity estimates exclude any credit spread impact that may arise in connection with asset positions held in segregated funds. Spread sensitivities are provided for the consolidated entity and may not be proportional across all reporting segments. Refer to Additional Cautionary Language and Key Assumptions Related to Sensitivities in this section for important additional information regarding these estimates.

3. General Account Insurance and Annuity Products

Most of our expected sensitivity to changes in interest rates and about two-thirds of our expected sensitivity to changes in equity markets are derived from our general account insurance and annuity products. We have implemented market risk management strategies to mitigate a portion of the market risk related to our general account insurance and annuity products.

Individual insurance products include universal life and other long-term life and health insurance products. Major sources of market risk exposure for individual insurance products include the reinvestment risk related to future premiums on regular premium policies, asset reinvestment risk on both regular premium and single premium policies and the guaranteed cost of insurance. Interest rate risk for individual insurance products is typically managed on a duration basis, within tolerance ranges set out in the applicable investment policy or guidelines. Targets and limits are established so that the level of residual exposure is commensurate with our risk appetite.

Exposures are monitored frequently, and assets are re-balanced as necessary to maintain compliance within policy limits using a combination of assets and derivative instruments. A portion of the longer-term cash flows are backed with equities and real estate.

For participating insurance products and other insurance products with adjustability features, the investment strategy objective is to provide a total rate of return given a constant risk profile over the long term.

Fixed annuity products generally provide the policyholder with a guaranteed investment return or crediting rate. Interest rate risk for these products is typically managed on a duration basis, within tolerance ranges set out in the applicable investment guidelines. Targets and limits are established such that the level of residual exposure is commensurate with our risk appetite. Exposures are monitored frequently, and are re-balanced as necessary to maintain compliance within prescribed tolerances using a combination of fixed income assets and derivative instruments.

Certain insurance and annuity products contain minimum interest rate guarantees. Market risk management strategies are implemented to limit potential financial loss due to reductions in asset earned rates relative to contract guarantees. These typically involve the use of hedging strategies utilizing interest rate derivatives such as interest rate floors, swaps and swaptions.

Certain insurance and annuity products contain features which allow the policyholders to surrender their policy at book value. Market risk management strategies are implemented to limit the potential financial loss due to changes in interest rate levels and policyholder behaviour. These typically involve the use of hedging strategies such as dynamic option replication and the purchase of interest rate swaptions.

Certain products have guaranteed minimum annuitization rates. Market risk management strategies are implemented to limit the potential financial loss and typically involve the use of fixed income assets, interest rate swaps, and swaptions.

4. Segregated Fund Guarantees

Approximately one-third of our equity market sensitivity and a small amount of interest rate risk sensitivity as at September 30, 2018 are derived from segregated fund products. These products provide benefit guarantees, which are linked to underlying fund performance and may be triggered upon death, maturity, withdrawal or annuitization. The cost of providing these guarantees is uncertain and depends upon a number of factors including general capital market conditions, our hedging strategies, policyholder behaviour and mortality experience, each of which may result in negative impacts on net income and capital.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   25


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The following table provides information with respect to the guarantees provided for our segregated fund products.

 

As at September 30, 2018  
($ millions)    Fund value      Amount at  Risk(1)      Value of
guarantees(2)
     Insurance  contract
liabilities(3)
 

SLF Canada

     12,154        301        10,695        288  

SLF Asia(4)

     3,076        276        3,193        92  

Run-off reinsurance(5)

     2,558        359        1,497        331  

Total

     17,788        936        15,385        711  
As at December 31, 2017                                
($ millions)    Fund value      Amount at Risk(1)      Value of
guarantees(2)
     Insurance contract
liabilities(3)
 

SLF Canada

     12,448        315        10,875        399  

SLF Asia(4)

     3,727        250        3,755        107  

Run-off reinsurance(5)

     2,534        375        1,546        385  

Total

     18,709        940        16,176        891  

 

(1)  

The Amount at Risk represents the excess of the value of the guarantees over fund values on all policies where the value of the guarantees exceeds the fund value. The Amount at Risk is not currently payable as the guarantees are only payable upon death, maturity, withdrawal, or annuitization if fund values remain below guaranteed values.

(2) 

For guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefits, the value of guarantees is calculated as the present value of the maximum future withdrawals assuming market conditions remain unchanged from current levels. For all other benefits, the value of guarantees is determined assuming 100% of the claims are made at the valuation date.

(3) 

The insurance contract liabilities represent management’s provision for future costs associated with these guarantees and include a provision for adverse deviation in accordance with Canadian actuarial standards of practice.

(4) 

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, and balances in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation. For further information, see section F – Performance by Business Group in this document.

(5) 

The Run-off reinsurance business includes risks assumed through reinsurance of variable annuity products issued by various North American insurance companies between 1997 and 2001. This line of business is part of a closed block of reinsurance, which is included in the Corporate segment.

The movement of the items in the table above from December 31, 2017 to September 30, 2018 primarily resulted from the following factors:

 

(i)   the total fund values decreased due to net redemptions from products closed to new business, which was partially offset by the weakening of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar;
(ii)   the amount at risk decreased due to net redemptions from products closed to new business, which was partially offset by the weakening of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar;
(iii)   the total value of guarantees decreased due to net redemptions from products closed to new business, which was partially offset by the weakening of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar; and
(iv)   the total insurance contract liabilities decreased due to higher interest rates and net redemptions from products closed to new business, which was partially offset by the weakening of the Canadian dollar against the U.S. dollar.

5. Segregated Fund Hedging

Our hedging programs use derivative instruments to mitigate the interest and equity related exposure of our segregated fund contracts. As at September 30, 2018, over 90% of our segregated fund contracts, as measured by associated fund values, were included in a hedging program. While a large percentage of contracts are included in the hedging program, not all of our market risk exposure related to these contracts is hedged. For those segregated fund contracts included in the hedging program, we generally hedge the value of expected future net claims costs and associated margins.

 

26   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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The following table illustrates the impact of our hedging program related to our sensitivity to a 50 basis point decrease in interest rates and a 10% and 25% decrease in equity markets for segregated fund contracts as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Impact of Segregated Fund Hedging

 

September 30, 2018  
($ millions)    Changes in interest  rates(1)      Changes in equity  markets(2)  

Net income sensitivity(3)(4)

     50 basis point decrease        10% decrease        25% decrease  

Before hedging

     (150      (150      (400

Hedging impact

     150        100        300  

Net of hedging

            (50      (100
December 31, 2017                        
($ millions)    Changes in interest rates(1)      Changes in equity markets(2)  
Net income sensitivity(3)(4)      50 basis point decrease        10% decrease        25% decrease  

Before hedging

     (200      (150      (450

Hedging impact

     200        100        350  

Net of hedging

            (50      (100

 

(1) 

Represents a parallel shift in assumed interest rates across the entire yield curve as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, with no change to the ASB promulgated URR. Variations in realized yields based on factors such as different terms to maturity and geographies may result in realized sensitivities being significantly different from those illustrated above. Sensitivities include the impact of re-balancing interest rate hedges for dynamic hedging programs at 10 basis point intervals (for 50 basis point changes in interest rates).

(2) 

Represents the change across all equity markets as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Assumes that actual equity exposures consistently and precisely track the broader equity markets. Since in actual practice equity-related exposures generally differ from broad market indices (due to the impact of active management, basis risk, and other factors), realized sensitivities may differ significantly from those illustrated above. Sensitivities include the impact of re-balancing equity hedges for dynamic hedging programs at 2% intervals (for 10% changes in equity markets) and at 5% intervals (for 25% changes in equity markets).

(3) 

Net income sensitivities have been rounded to the nearest $50 million.

(4) 

Since the fair value of benefits being hedged will generally differ from the financial statement value (due to different valuation methods and the inclusion of valuation margins in respect of financial statement values), this will result in residual volatility to interest rate and equity market shocks in net income and capital. The general availability and cost of these hedging instruments may be adversely impacted by a number of factors, including volatile and declining equity and interest rate market conditions.

6. Real Estate Risk

Real estate risk is the potential for financial loss arising from fluctuations in the value of, or future cash flows from, our investments in real estate. We are exposed to real estate risk and may experience financial losses resulting from the direct ownership of real estate investments or indirectly through fixed income investments secured by real estate property, leasehold interests, ground rents, and purchase and leaseback transactions. Real estate price risk may arise from external market conditions, inadequate property analysis, inadequate insurance coverage, inappropriate real estate appraisals, or from environmental risk exposures. We hold direct real estate investments that support general account liabilities and surplus, and fluctuations in value will impact our profitability and financial position. A material and sustained increase in interest rates may lead to deterioration in real estate values. An instantaneous 10% decrease in the value of our direct real estate investments as at September 30, 2018 would decrease net income(1) by approximately $275 million ($250 million decrease as at December 31, 2017). Conversely, an instantaneous 10% increase in the value of our direct real estate investments as at September 30, 2018 would increase net income by approximately $275 million ($250 million increase as at December 31, 2017).

 

(1) 

Net income sensitivities have been rounded to the nearest $25 million.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   27


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7. Additional Cautionary Language and Key Assumptions Related to Sensitivities

Our market risk sensitivities are measures of our estimated change in net income and OCI for changes in interest rates and equity market price levels described above, based on interest rates, equity market prices and business mix in place as at the respective calculation dates. These sensitivities are calculated independently for each risk factor, generally assuming that all other risk variables stay constant. The sensitivities do not take into account indirect effects such as potential impacts on goodwill impairment or valuation allowances on deferred tax assets. The sensitivities are provided for the consolidated entity and may not be proportional across all reporting segments. Actual results can differ materially from these estimates for a variety of reasons, including differences in the pattern or distribution of the market shocks, the interaction between these risk factors, model error, or changes in other assumptions such as business mix, effective tax rates, policyholder behaviour, currency exchange rates and other market variables relative to those underlying the calculation of these sensitivities. The extent to which actual results may differ from the indicative ranges will generally increase with larger capital market movements. Our sensitivities as at December 31, 2017 have been included for comparative purposes only.

We have also provided measures of our net income sensitivity to instantaneous changes in credit spreads, swap spreads, real estate price levels, and capital sensitivities to changes in interest rates and equity price levels. The real estate sensitivities are non-IFRS financial measures. For additional information, see section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document. The cautionary language which appears in this section is also applicable to the credit spread, swap spread, real estate, and LICAT ratio sensitivities. In particular, these sensitivities are based on interest rates, credit and swap spreads, equity market, and real estate price levels as at the respective calculation dates and assume that all other risk variables remain constant. Changes in interest rates, credit and swap spreads, equity market, and real estate prices in excess of the ranges illustrated may result in other-than-proportionate impacts.

As these market risk sensitivities reflect an instantaneous impact on net income and OCI, they do not include impacts over time such as the effect on fee income in our asset management businesses.

 

The sensitivities reflect the composition of our assets and liabilities as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Changes in these positions due to new sales or maturities, asset purchases/sales, or other management actions could result in material changes to these reported sensitivities. In particular, these sensitivities reflect the expected impact of hedging activities based on the hedge programs in place as at the September 30 and December 31 calculation dates. The actual impact of hedging activity can differ materially from that assumed in the determination of these indicative sensitivities due to ongoing hedge re-balancing activities, changes in the scale or scope of hedging activities, changes in the cost or general availability of hedging instruments, basis risk (i.e., the risk that hedges do not exactly replicate the underlying portfolio experience), model risk, and other operational risks in the ongoing management of the hedge programs or the potential failure of hedge counterparties to perform in accordance with expectations.

 

The sensitivities are based on methods and assumptions in effect as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, as applicable. Changes in the regulatory environment, accounting or actuarial valuation methods, models, or assumptions (including changes to the ASB promulgated URR) after those dates could result in material changes to these reported sensitivities. Changes in interest rates and equity market prices in excess of the ranges illustrated may result in other than proportionate impacts.

 

Our hedging programs may themselves expose us to other risks, including basis risk (i.e., the risk that hedges do not exactly replicate the underlying portfolio experience), volatility risk, derivative counterparty credit risk, and increased levels of liquidity risk, model risk and other operational risks. These factors may adversely impact the net effectiveness, costs, and financial viability of maintaining these hedging programs and therefore adversely impact our profitability and financial position. While our hedging programs are intended to mitigate these effects (e.g., hedge counterparty credit risk is managed by maintaining broad diversification, dealing primarily with highly rated counterparties, and transacting through over-the-counter contracts, cleared through central clearing houses, exchange-traded contracts or bilateral over-the-counter contracts negotiated directly between counterparties that include credit support annexes), residual risk, potential reported earnings and capital volatility remain.

 

For the reasons outlined above, our sensitivities should only be viewed as directional estimates of the underlying sensitivities of each factor under these specialized assumptions, and should not be viewed as predictors of our future net income, OCI, and capital. Given the nature of these calculations, we cannot provide assurance that actual impact will be consistent with the estimates provided.

Information related to market risk sensitivities and guarantees related to segregated fund products should be read in conjunction with the information contained in section M – Accounting and Control Matters – 1 – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in our 2017 annual MD&A. Additional information on market risk can be found in Note 6 of our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements and the Risk Factors section in our AIF.

 

28   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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I. Additional Financial Disclosure

1. Revenue

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Premiums

              

Gross

     4,928        4,901        4,741        15,046        14,530  

Ceded

     (559      (586      (1,025      (1,717      (3,327

Net premiums

     4,369        4,315        3,716        13,329        11,203  

Net investment income

              

Interest and other investment income

     1,414        1,398        1,328        4,166        4,014  

Fair value(1) and foreign currency changes on assets and liabilities

     (1,304      (405      (974      (3,257      993  

Net gains (losses) on available-for-sale assets

     19        41        41        96        154  

Fee income

     1,500        1,477        1,444        4,483        4,322  

Total revenue

     5,998        6,826        5,555        18,817        20,686  

Adjusted revenue(2)

     7,321        7,286        7,297        22,717        21,954  

 

(1)  

Represents the change in FVTPL assets and liabilities.

(2) 

Adjusted revenue is a non-IFRS financial measure that excludes from revenue the impact of Constant Currency Adjustment, FV Adjustment and Reinsurance in SLF Canada’s GB Operations Adjustment as described in section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

Revenue in the third quarter of 2018 was $6.0 billion, up $0.4 billion compared to the third quarter of 2017. This increase is mainly due to net premium growth, partially offset by decreases in FVTPL assets. Revenue was $18.8 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, down $1.9 billion from the comparable period last year. The decrease was mainly attributable to decreases in the fair value of FVTPL assets largely due to the higher increases in interest rates in 2018 compared to the same period in 2017. The currency impact from the change in the Canadian dollar relative to average exchange rates in the third quarter of 2017 and the first nine months of 2017 increased revenue by $108 million and decreased revenue by $139 million, respectively.

Adjusted revenue was $7.3 billion in the third quarter of 2018, in line with the third quarter of 2017. Adjusted revenue of $22.7 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $0.8 billion higher compared to the same period last year. The increase was primarily driven by higher net premium revenue in SLF Canada.

2. Changes in the Statements of Financial Position and in Shareholders’ Equity

Total general fund assets were $162.4 billion as at September 30, 2018, compared to $162.7 billion as at December 31, 2017, primarily a result of a decrease of $3.3 billion from the change in value of FVTPL assets, partially offset by a $1.8 billion increase in business activity, and an increase of $1.2 billion from the movement of the Canadian dollar relative to exchange rates at the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

Insurance contract liabilities (excluding other policy liabilities and assets) of $110.6 billion as at September 30, 2018 decreased by $0.5 billion compared to December 31, 2017, mainly due to the change in balances on in-force policies (which include fair value changes on FVTPL assets supporting insurance contract liabilities), partially offset by balances arising from new policies and the impact of the Canadian dollar relative to exchange rates at the end of the fourth quarter of 2017.

Shareholders’ equity, including preferred share capital, was $22.8 billion as at September 30, 2018, compared to $22.3 billion as at December 31, 2017. The increase in shareholders’ equity was primarily due to:

 

(i)   shareholders’ net income of $2.0 billion in 2018, before preferred share dividends of $71 million;
(ii)   an increase of $136 million from the change of the Canadian dollar relative to exchange rates at the end of the fourth quarter of 2017;
(iii)   impact of $89 million from the transfer of seed capital from the participating account to the shareholder account;
(iv)   changes in the remeasurement of defined benefit plans of $100 million;
(v)   $13 million from stock options exercised and $3 million from stock-based compensation; partially offset by
(vi)   common share dividend payments of $853 million;
(vii)   net unrealized losses on AFS assets in OCI of $371 million;
(viii)   a decrease of $406 million from the repurchase and cancellation of common shares; and
(ix)   a decrease of $96 million from OCI of joint ventures and associates.

As at October 26, 2018, SLF Inc. had 603,267,767 common shares, 3,118,504 options to acquire SLF Inc. common shares, and 92,200,000 Class A Shares outstanding.

 

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3. Cash Flows

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Net cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

     5,459        5,424        5,956        6,509  

Cash flows provided by (used in):

           

Operating activities

     1,118        630        1,951        1,334  

Investing activities

     (57      (66      (147      (198

Financing activities

     (587      (453      (1,941      (1,999

Changes due to fluctuations in exchange rates

     (66      (104      48        (215

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     408        7        (89      (1,078

Net cash and cash equivalents, end of period

     5,867        5,431        5,867        5,431  

Short-term securities, end of period

     2,126        2,462        2,126        2,462  

Net cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities, end of period

     7,993        7,893        7,993        7,893  

The operating activities of the Company generate cash flows which include net premium revenue, net investment income, fee income, and the sale and maturity of investments. They are the principal source of funds to pay for policyholder claims and benefits, commissions, operating expenses, and the purchase of investments. Cash flows used in investing activities primarily include transactions related to associates, joint ventures and acquisitions. Cash flows provided by and used in financing activities largely reflect capital transactions including payments of dividends, the issuance and repurchase of shares, as well as the issuance and retirement of debt instruments and preferred shares.

The cash flows used in financing activities in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the same period last year increased primarily due to the repurchase and cancellation of common shares in the third quarter of 2018.

4. Quarterly Financial Results

The following table provides a summary of our results for the eight most recently completed quarters. A more complete discussion of our historical quarterly results can be found in our interim and annual MD&As for the relevant periods.

 

     Quarterly results  
($ millions, unless otherwise noted)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q1’18      Q4’17      Q3’17      Q2’17      Q1’17      Q4’16  

Total revenue

     5,998        6,826        5,993        8,648        5,555        8,122        7,009        2,366  

Common shareholders’ net income (loss)

                       

Reported

     567        706        669        207        817        574        551        728  

Underlying(1)

     730        729        770        641        643        689        573        560  

Diluted EPS ($)

                       

Reported

     0.93        1.16        1.09        0.34        1.32        0.93        0.89        1.18  

Underlying(1)

     1.20        1.20        1.26        1.05        1.05        1.12        0.93        0.91  

Basic reported EPS ($)

                       

Reported

     0.94        1.16        1.10        0.34        1.33        0.93        0.90        1.19  

Reported net income (loss) by segment

                       

SLF Canada

     335        262        249        172        340        185        266        398  

SLF U.S.(2)

     (267      105        96        (63      72        (178      25        81  

SLF Asset Management

     241        214        210        114        185        183        171        198  

SLF Asia(2)

     164        133        133        121        216        356        85        83  

Corporate

     94        (8      (19      (137      4        28        4        (32

Total reported net income (loss)

     567        706        669        207        817        574        551        728  

Underlying net income (loss) by segment(1)

                       

SLF Canada

     251        245        295        232        222        266        229        243  

SLF U.S.(2)

     139        125        129        95        121        101        59        55  

SLF Asset Management

     251        216        231        226        204        199        183        188  

SLF Asia(2)

     110        145        128        111        130        123        97        94  

Corporate

     (21      (2      (13      (23      (34             5        (20

Total underlying net income (loss)(1)

     730        729        770        641        643        689        573        560  

 

(1)  

Represents a non-IFRS financial measure. See section M – Non-IFRS Financial Measures in this document.

(2) 

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, and comparative figures in 2017 and 2016 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation. For further information, see section F – Performance by Business Group in this document.

 

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Second Quarter 2018

Reported net income was $706 million in the second quarter of 2018, reflecting $82 million favourable change in market related impacts compared to the same quarter in 2017. Underlying net income was $729 million, primarily driven by strong business growth and favourable morbidity experience, partially offset by expenses, credit experience, and the impact of investment activity on insurance contract liabilities.

First Quarter 2018

Reported net income was $669 million in the first quarter of 2018, reflecting $79 million unfavourable change in market related impacts compared to the same quarter in 2017. Underlying net income was $770 million, primarily driven by interest on par seed capital of $110 million, strong business growth, the lower income tax rate in the U.S., as well as the impact of investment activity on insurance contract liabilities, partially offset by weaker mortality and lapse experience.

Fourth Quarter 2017

Reported net income was $207 million in the fourth quarter of 2017, reflecting unfavourable impact of the U.S. tax reform, a restructuring charge, and the impact from interest rates compared to the fourth quarter of 2016. Underlying net income was $641 million, reflecting the growth in our wealth businesses and favourable morbidity and mortality experience.

Third Quarter 2017

Reported net income was $817 million in the third quarter of 2017, reflecting favourable market related activity primarily driven by interest rates and changes in the fair values of real estate, and favourable impact of ACMA, partially offset by the unfavourable impact of the movement of the Canadian dollar and other adjustments compared to the third quarter of 2016. Underlying net income was $643 million, reflecting favourable mortality experience, growth in fee income on our wealth businesses and new business gains, partially offset by a lower level of gains from investing activity.

Second Quarter 2017

Reported net income was $574 million in the second quarter of 2017, reflecting the unfavourable effect of market related impacts driven by interest rate changes, the unfavourable impact of acquisition, integration and restructuring costs, fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards, and certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting. Underlying net income was $689 million, reflecting business growth, gains from investing activity on insurance contract liabilities, positive credit experience and favourable morbidity and mortality experience, partially offset by unfavourable lapse and other policyholder experience, unfavourable expense experience, including investment in growing our businesses, and unfavourable other experience.

First Quarter 2017

Reported net income was $551 million in the first quarter of 2017, reflecting the favourable effect of market related impacts partially offset by the unfavourable impact of acquisition, integration and restructuring costs and fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards. Underlying net income was $573 million, reflecting favourable mortality experience in SLF Canada and SLF U.K. and gains from investing activities on insurance contract liabilities, partially offset by lapse and other policyholder behaviour experience and unfavourable mortality experience in SLF U.S.

Fourth Quarter 2016

Reported net income was $728 million in the fourth quarter of 2016, reflecting favourable interest rate impacts. Reported net income also reflected factors discussed in underlying net income. Underlying net income was $560 million, reflecting positive credit experience and a lower level of gains from investing activity on insurance contract liabilities. This was partially offset by unfavourable expense experience, reflecting incentive compensation costs arising from overall strong business performance and investment in growing our businesses. We also experienced unfavourable morbidity results mainly in the U.S.

 

J. Legal and Regulatory Matters

Information concerning legal and regulatory matters is provided in our Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, annual MD&A, and AIF, in each case for the year ended December 31, 2017, and in our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the period ended September 30, 2018.

 

K. Changes in Accounting Policies

We have adopted several amended IFRS standards in the current year. In addition, new IFRS standards were issued in the current year. For additional information, refer to Note 2 in our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the period ended September 30, 2018.

 

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In May 2017, the IASB issued IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts (“IFRS 17”), which replaces IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts. IFRS 17 establishes the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of insurance contracts. IFRS 17 requires entities to measure insurance contract liabilities at their current fulfillment values using one of three measurement models, depending on the nature of the contract. Insurance contracts are recognized and measured as the total of: the fulfillment cash flows, which are current estimates of expected cash flows adjusted to reflect the timing and the uncertainty in those amounts; and the contractual service margin, which represents the future profit that the company expects to earn as it provides insurance coverage.

IFRS 17 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021. IFRS 17 will significantly affect how we account for our insurance contracts and how we report and disclose our financial performance in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Any regulatory and tax regimes that are dependent upon IFRS accounting values may also be impacted.

The adoption of IFRS 17 will be a significant change for us and for the industry. In order to ensure effective implementation, we have established a transition program for IFRS 17 and dedicated significant resources to the implementation. We continue to assess both the potential financial statement and business implications of the standard and have regular discussions on application and interpretation of IFRS 17 with our peers in Canada through industry and professional associations. We are also monitoring and participating in international developments related to the adoption and interpretation of this standard.

 

L. Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Company’s financial reporting and the preparation of its financial statements in accordance with IFRS.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the period, which began on July 1, 2018 and ended on September 30, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

M. Non-IFRS Financial Measures

1. Underlying Net Income and Underlying EPS

Underlying net income (loss) and financial measures based on underlying net income (loss), including underlying EPS or underlying loss per share, and underlying ROE, are non-IFRS financial measures. Underlying net income (loss) removes from reported net income (loss) the impact of the following items that create volatility in our results under IFRS and when removed assist in explaining our results from period to period:

 

(a)   market related impacts, which include: (i) impact of returns in equity markets, net of hedging, above or below our best estimate assumptions of approximately 2% per quarter in the reporting period, and which also includes the impact of the basis risk inherent in our hedging program, which is the difference between the return on underlying funds of products that provide benefit guarantees and the return on the derivative assets used to hedge those benefit guarantees; (ii) the impact of changes in interest rates that differ from our best estimate assumptions in the reporting period and on the value of derivative instruments used in our hedging programs including changes in credit and swap spreads, and any changes to the assumed fixed income reinvestment rates in determining the actuarial liabilities; and (iii) the impact of changes in the fair value of investment properties in the reporting period;
(b)   assumption changes and management actions, which include: (i) the impact of revisions to the methods and assumptions used in determining our liabilities for insurance contracts and investment contracts; and (ii) the impact on insurance contracts and investment contracts of actions taken by management in the current reporting period, referred to as management actions which include, for example, changes in the prices of in-force products, new or revised reinsurance on in-force business, and material changes to investment policies for assets supporting our liabilities; and
(c)   Other adjustments:

 

  (i)   certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting – this adjustment enhances the comparability of our net income from period to period, as it reduces volatility to the extent it will be offset over the duration of the hedges;
  (ii)   fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards that are settled with MFS’s own shares and accounted for as liabilities and measured at fair value each reporting period until they are vested, exercised and repurchased – this adjustment enhances the comparability of MFS’s results with publicly traded asset managers in the United States;
  (iii)   acquisition, integration and restructuring costs (including impacts related to acquiring and integrating acquisitions); and
  (iv)   other items that are unusual or exceptional in nature.

All factors discussed in this document that impact our underlying net income are also applicable to reported net income.

All EPS measures in this document refer to fully diluted EPS, unless otherwise stated. As noted above, underlying EPS excludes the dilutive impact of convertible instruments.

 

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The following table sets out the amounts that were excluded from our underlying net income (loss) and underlying EPS, and provides a reconciliation to our reported net income (loss) and EPS based on IFRS.

Reconciliations of Select Net Income Measures

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions, unless otherwise noted)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Reported net income

     567        706        817        1,942        1,942  

Equity market impact

              

Impact from equity market changes

            15        24        (20      38  

Basis risk impact

     5        (6      (6      (11      5  

Equity market impact

     5        9        18        (31      43  

Interest rate impact(1)

              

Impact of interest rate changes

     17        (38      58        (48      (4

Impact of credit spread movements

     (3      6        2        20        (28

Impact of swap spread movements

            (5      9        (22      (15

Interest rate impact

     14        (37      69        (50      (47

Impact of changes in the fair value of investment properties

     6        36        26        46        54  

Market related impacts

     25        8        113        (35      50  

Assumption changes and management actions

     (166      1        103        (168      115  

Other adjustments:

              

Certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting

     (1      1        (6      6        (18

Fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards

     (10      (2      (19      (33      (47

Acquisition, integration and restructuring

     (11      (31      (17      (57      (63

Total of other adjustments

     (22      (32      (42      (84      (128

Underlying net income (loss)

     730        729        643        2,229        1,905  

Reported EPS (diluted) ($)

     0.93        1.16        1.32        3.18        3.16  

Market related impacts ($)

     0.04        0.01        0.18        (0.06      0.08  

Assumption changes and management actions ($)

     (0.27             0.17        (0.28      0.19  

Certain hedges in SLF Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting ($)

                   (0.01      0.01        (0.03

Fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards ($)

     (0.02             (0.03      (0.05      (0.07

Acquisition, integration and restructuring ($)

     (0.02      (0.05      (0.03      (0.10      (0.10

Impact of convertible securities on diluted EPS ($)

                   (0.01             (0.01

Underlying EPS (diluted) ($)

     1.20        1.20        1.05        3.66        3.10  

 

(1) 

Our exposure to interest rates varies by product type, line of business, and geography. Given the long-term nature of our business, we have a higher degree of sensitivity in respect of interest rates at long durations.

2. Additional Non-IFRS Measures

Management also uses the following non-IFRS financial measures:

Return on equity. IFRS does not prescribe the calculation of ROE and therefore a comparable measure under IFRS is not available. To determine reported ROE and underlying ROE, respectively, reported net income (loss) and underlying net income (loss) is divided by the total weighted average common shareholders’ equity for the period. The quarterly ROE is annualized.

Financial leverage ratio. This total debt to total capital ratio is ratio of debt plus preferred shares to total capital, where debt consists of all capital qualifying debt securities. Capital qualifying debt securities consist of subordinated debt and innovative capital instruments.

Dividend payout ratio. This is the ratio of dividends paid per share to diluted underlying EPS for the period.

Sales. In SLF Canada, insurance sales consist of sales of individual insurance and group benefits products; wealth sales consist of sales of individual wealth products and sales in GRS. In SLF U.S., insurance sales consist of sales by Group Benefits. In SLF Asia, insurance sales consist of the individual and group insurance sales by our subsidiaries and joint ventures and associates, based on our proportionate equity interest, in the Philippines, Hong Kong, Indonesia, India, China, Malaysia, Vietnam and sales from our International business unit; wealth sales consist of Hong Kong wealth sales, Philippines mutual fund sales, wealth sales by our India and China insurance joint ventures and associates, and Aditya Birla Sun Life AMC Limited’s equity and fixed income mutual fund

 

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sales based on our proportionate equity interest, including sales as reported by our bank distribution partners. SLF Asset Management sales consist of gross sales (inflows) for retail and institutional Clients; unfunded commitments are not included in sales. Sales are also expressed on a constant currency basis, which is a measure of sales that provides greater comparability across reporting periods by excluding the impact of exchange rate fluctuations from the translation of functional currencies to the Canadian dollar.

Value of New Business. VNB represents the present value of our best estimate of future distributable earnings, net of the cost of capital, from new business contracts written in a particular time period, except new business in our SLF Asset Management pillar. The assumptions used in the calculations are generally consistent with those used in the valuation of our insurance contract liabilities except that discount rates used approximate theoretical return expectations of an equity investor. Capital required is generally based on Sun Life Assurance’s LICAT operating target. VNB is a useful metric to evaluate the present value created from new business contracts. There is no directly comparable IFRS measure.

Adjusted revenue. This measure is an alternative measure of revenue that provides greater comparability across reporting periods, by excluding the impact of: (i) exchange rate fluctuations, from the translation of functional currencies to the Canadian dollar, for comparisons (“Constant Currency Adjustment”); (ii) Fair value and foreign currency changes on assets and liabilities (“FV Adjustment”); and (iii) reinsurance for the insured business in SLF Canada’s GB operations (“Reinsurance in SLF Canada’s GB Operations Adjustment”).

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Revenue

     5,998        6,826        5,555        18,817        20,686  

Constant Currency Adjustment

     123        98               (182       

FV Adjustment

     (1,304      (405      (974      (3,257      993  

Reinsurance in SLF Canada’s GB Operations Adjustment

     (142      (153      (768      (461      (2,261

Adjusted revenue

     7,321        7,286        7,297        22,717        21,954  

Adjusted premiums and deposits. This measure is an alternative measure of premiums and deposits that provides greater comparability across reporting periods by excluding the impact of: (i) the Constant Currency Adjustment; and (ii) the Reinsurance in SLF Canada’s GB Operations Adjustment.

 

     Quarterly results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q3’17      2018      2017  

Premiums and deposits

     35,462        37,017        40,151        118,595        123,714  

Constant Currency Adjustment

     1,010        770               (1,750       

Reinsurance in SLF Canada’s GB Operations Adjustment

     (142      (153      (768      (461      (2,261

Adjusted premiums and deposits

     34,594        36,400        40,919        120,806        125,975  

Pre-tax net operating profit margin ratio for MFS. This ratio is a measure of the profitability of MFS, which excludes the impact of fair value adjustments on MFS’s share-based payment awards, investment income, and certain commission expenses that are offsetting. These commission expenses are excluded in order to neutralize the impact these items have on the pre-tax operating profit margin ratio and have no impact on the profitability of MFS. There is no directly comparable IFRS measure.

After-tax profit margin for SLF U.S. Group Benefits. This ratio assists in explaining our results from period to period and is a measure of profitability that expresses SLF U.S. Group Benefits underlying net income as a percentage of net premiums. This ratio is calculated by dividing underlying net income (loss) by net premiums for the trailing four quarters. There is no directly comparable IFRS measure.

Impact of foreign exchange. Items impacting our Consolidated Statements of Operations, such as Revenue, Benefits and expenses, and Total net income (loss), are translated into Canadian dollars using average exchange rates for the respective period. For items impacting our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, such as Assets and Liabilities, period end rates are used for currency translation purposes.

Several IFRS financial measures are presented on a constant currency adjusted basis to exclude the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. These measures are calculated using the average or period end foreign exchange rates, as appropriate, in effect at the date of the comparative period.

Assumption changes and management actions. In this document the impact of ACMA on shareholders’ net income (after-tax) is included in reported net income and is excluded in calculating underlying net income, as described in section C – Profitability in this document.

Note 6.A of our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements shows the pre-tax impact of method and assumption changes on shareholder and participating policyholder Insurance Contract Liabilities net of reinsurance assets, excluding changes in other policy liabilities and assets.

 

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The view in this document of assumption changes and management actions is the impact on shareholders’ net income (after tax). The Interim Consolidated Financial Statement view is a component of the change in total company liabilities. The following table provides a reconciliation of the differences between the two measures.

 

     Quarterly Results      Year-to-date  
($ millions)    Q3’18      Q2’18      Q1’18      2018      2017  

Impact of method and assumption changes on Insurance Contract Liabilities (pre-tax)(1)

     281        4        (5      280        609  

Less: Participating Policyholders(2)

     525        1               526        146  

Impact of method and assumption changes excluding participating policyholders (pre-tax)

     (244      3        (5      (246      463  

Less: Tax

     (86      3        (2      (85      109  

Impact of method and assumption changes excluding participating policyholders (after-tax)

     (158             (3      (161      354  

Add: Management Actions (after-tax)(3)

     9                      9        (243

Other (after-tax)(4)

     (17      1               (16      4  

Assumption changes and management actions (after-tax)(5)(6)

     (166      1        (3      (168      115  

 

(1) 

Note 6.A of our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements shows the pre-tax impact of method and assumption changes on shareholder and participating policyholder Insurance contract liabilities net of reinsurance assets, excluding changes in other policy liabilities and assets, whereas the amount shown in the table above is the shareholders’ and participating policyholders income impact related to the amount shown in Note 6.A of our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2) 

Adjustment to remove the pre-tax impact of method and assumption changes on amounts attributed to participating policyholders.

(3) 

Adjustment to include the after-tax impact of management actions on insurance contract liabilities and investment contract liabilities which include, for example, changes in the prices of in-force products, new or revised reinsurance on in-force business, and material changes to investment policies for assets supporting our liabilities.

(4) 

Adjustments to include the after-tax impact of method and assumption changes on investment contracts and other policy liabilities.

(5) 

Includes the tax impacts of assumption changes and management actions on insurance contract liabilities and investment contract liabilities, reflecting the tax rates in the jurisdictions in which we do business.

(6) 

Assumption changes and management actions is included in reported net income and is excluded in calculating underlying net income, as described in Section C – Profitability in this document.

Effective January 1, 2018, we transferred our International business unit from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia as described in section F – Performance by Business Group in this document, and comparative figures in 2017 have been changed to conform with the current year presentation. On a year to date basis, the change in the ACMA resulted in a reduction in ACMA in SLF U.S. by $203 million in In-force Management, and a corresponding increase in SLF Asia in International, which was recorded predominantly in the second quarter of 2017.

Real estate market sensitivities. Real estate market sensitivities are non-IFRS financial measures for which there are no directly comparable measures under IFRS so it is not possible to provide a reconciliation of these amounts to the most directly comparable IFRS measures.

Other. Management also uses the following non-IFRS financial measures for which there are no comparable financial measures in IFRS: (i) ASO premium and deposit equivalents, mutual fund sales, managed fund sales, insurance sales, and total premiums and deposits; (ii) AUM, mutual fund assets, managed fund assets, other AUM, and assets under administration; (iii) the value of new business, which is used to measure the estimated lifetime profitability of new sales and is based on actuarial calculations; and (iv) assumption changes and management actions, which is a component of our sources of earnings disclosure. Sources of earnings is an alternative presentation of our Consolidated Statements of Operations that identifies and quantifies various sources of income. The Company is required to disclose its sources of earnings by its principal regulator, OSFI.

 

N. Forward-looking Statements

From time to time, the Company makes written or oral forward-looking statements within the meaning of certain securities laws, including the “safe harbour” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities legislation. Forward-looking statements contained in this document include statements (i) relating to our strategies, (ii) relating to our growth initiatives and other business objectives, (iii) relating to our expected capital position under the new LICAT guideline, (iv) relating to our expected tax range for future years (v) that are predictive in nature or that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, (vi) relating to the development of our high net worth insurance business in Asia, (vii) relating to the growth and development of SLF U.S., (viii) that include words such as “achieve”, “aim”, “ambition”, “anticipate”, “aspiration”, “assumption”, “believe”, “could”, “estimate”, “expect”, “goal”, “initiatives”, “intend”, “may”, “objective”, “outlook”, “plan”, “project”, “seek”, “should”, “strategy”, “strive”, “target”, “will”, and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements include the information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations. These statements represent our current expectations, estimates, and projections regarding future events and are not historical facts. Forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Future results and shareholder value may differ

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   35


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materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements due to, among other factors, the matters set out in this document under the headings, C – Profitability – 5 – Income taxes, E – Financial Strength and H – Risk Management and in SLF Inc.’s 2017 AIF under the heading Risk Factors and the factors detailed in SLF Inc.’s other filings with Canadian and U.S. securities regulators, which are available for review at www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov, respectively.

Important risk factors that could cause our assumptions and estimates, and expectations and projections to be inaccurate and our actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this document, are set out below. The realization of our forward-looking statements, essentially depends on our business performance which, in turn, is subject to many risks. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include, but are not limited to: credit risks – related to issuers of securities held in our investment portfolio, debtors, structured securities, reinsurers, counterparties, other financial institutions and other entities; market risks – related to the performance of equity markets; changes or volatility in interest rates or credit spreads or swap spreads; real estate investments; and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; insurance risks – related to policyholder behaviour; mortality experience, morbidity experience and longevity; product design and pricing; the impact of higher-than-expected future expenses; and the availability, cost and effectiveness of reinsurance; business and strategic risks – related to global economic and political conditions; the design and implementation of business strategies; changes in distribution channels or Client behaviour including risks relating to market conduct by intermediaries and agents; the impact of competition; the performance of our investments and investment portfolios managed for Clients such as segregated and mutual funds; changes in the legal or regulatory environment, including capital requirements and tax laws; tax matters, including estimates and judgments used in calculating taxes; our international operations, including our joint ventures; market conditions that affect our capital position or ability to raise capital; downgrades in financial strength or credit ratings; and the impact of mergers, acquisitions and divestitures; operational risks – related to breaches or failure of information system security and privacy, including cyber-attacks; our ability to attract and retain employees; legal, regulatory compliance and market conduct, including the impact of regulatory inquiries and investigations; the execution and integration of mergers, acquisitions and divestitures; our information technology infrastructure; a failure of information systems and Internet-enabled technology; dependence on third-party relationships, including outsourcing arrangements; business continuity; model errors; information management; the environment, environmental laws and regulations and third-party policies; and liquidity risks – the possibility that we will not be able to fund all cash outflow commitments as they fall due.

The Company does not undertake any obligation to update or revise its forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.

 

36   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS


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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

           For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
(unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars except for
per share amounts)
  September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Revenue

       

Premiums

       

Gross

  $     4,928     $     4,741     $     15,046     $     14,530  

Less: Ceded

    559       1,025       1,717       3,327  

Net premiums

    4,369       3,716       13,329       11,203  

Net investment income (loss):

       

Interest and other investment income

    1,414       1,328       4,166       4,014  

Fair value and foreign currency changes on assets and liabilities (Note 4)

    (1,304     (974     (3,257     993  

Net gains (losses) on available-for-sale assets

    19       41       96       154  

Net investment income (loss)

    129       395       1,005       5,161  

Fee income (Note 8)

    1,500       1,444       4,483       4,322  

Total revenue

    5,998       5,555       18,817       20,686  

Benefits and expenses

       

Gross claims and benefits paid (Note 6)

    3,908       3,607       11,884       11,463  

Increase (decrease) in insurance contract liabilities (Note 6)

    (942     (727     (1,329     2,189  

Decrease (increase) in reinsurance assets (Note 6)

    234       498       189       798  

Increase (decrease) in investment contract liabilities (Note 6)

    (25     9       (34     40  

Reinsurance expenses (recoveries) (Note 7)

    (476     (1,061     (1,523     (3,291

Commissions

    574       566       1,736       1,772  

Net transfer to (from) segregated funds (Note 11)

    (65     (41     (156     (56

Operating expenses

    1,563       1,496       4,807       4,661  

Premium taxes

    93       94       280       279  

Interest expense

    73       55       226       222  

Total benefits and expenses

    4,937       4,496       16,080       18,077  

Income (loss) before income taxes

    1,061       1,059       2,737       2,609  

Less: Income tax expense (benefit) (Note 9)

    184       209       485       368  

Total net income (loss)

    877       850       2,252       2,241  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to participating policyholders (Note 10)

    286       9       239       229  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

    591       841       2,013       2,012  

Less: Preferred shareholders’ dividends

    24       24       71       70  

Common shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 567     $ 817     $ 1,942     $ 1,942  

Average exchange rates during the reporting periods:

       
   U.S. dollars     1.31       1.25       1.29       1.31  

Earnings (loss) per share (Note 13)

       

Basic

  $ 0.94     $ 1.33     $ 3.19     $ 3.17  

Diluted

  $ 0.93     $ 1.32     $ 3.18     $ 3.16  

Dividends per common share

  $ 0.475     $ 0.435     $ 1.405     $ 1.290  

The attached notes form part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   37


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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 

     For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
(unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars)   September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Total net income (loss)

  $ 877     $ 850     $ 2,252     $ 2,241  

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:

       

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income:

       

Change in unrealized foreign currency translation gains (losses):

       

Unrealized gains (losses)

    (315     (471     138       (890

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale assets:

       

Unrealized gains (losses)

    (76     (49     (302     141  

Reclassifications to net income (loss)

    (12     (30     (69     (91

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges:

       

Unrealized gains (losses)

    (2     8       2       (2

Reclassifications to net income (loss)

          (5     (6     (3

Share of other comprehensive income (loss) in joint ventures and associates:

       

Unrealized gains (losses)

    (72     (33     (96     (55

Total items that may be reclassified subsequently to income

    (477     (580     (333     (900

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income:

       

Remeasurement of defined benefit plans

    11       93       100       24  

Revaluation surplus on transfer to investment properties (Note 4.F)

                      139  

Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income

    11       93       100       163  

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

    (466     (487     (233     (737

Total comprehensive income (loss)

    411       363       2,019       1,504  

Less: Participating policyholders’ comprehensive income (loss) (Note 10)

    285       5       241       221  

Shareholders’ comprehensive income (loss)

  $     126     $     358     $     1,778     $     1,283  

    

       
INCOME TAXES INCLUDED IN OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 

 
     For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
(unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars)   September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Income tax benefit (expense):

       

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income:

       

Unrealized foreign currency translation gains / losses

  $ (56   $     $ (56   $  

Unrealized gains / losses on available-for-sale assets

    18       15       56       (65

Reclassifications to net income for available-for-sale assets

    6       9       26       31  

Unrealized gains / losses on cash flow hedges

          (3     (1      

Reclassifications to net income for cash flow hedges

          2       2       1  

Total items that may be reclassified subsequently to income

    (32     23       27       (33

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income:

       

Remeasurement of defined benefit plans

    (5     (33     (29      

Revaluation surplus on transfer to investment properties (Note 4.F)

                      (33

Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income

    (5     (33     (29     (33

Total income tax benefit (expense) included in other comprehensive income (loss)

  $ (37   $ (10   $ (2   $ (66

The attached notes form part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

38   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

 

              As at  
(unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars)            September 30,
2018
     December 31,
2017
 

Assets

        

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities (Note 4)

      $ 8,196      $ 8,890  

Debt securities (Note 4)

        71,076        72,619  

Equity securities (Note 4)

        4,961        6,020  

Mortgages and loans

        45,207        42,805  

Derivative assets

        1,185        1,478  

Other invested assets (Note 4)

        4,546        4,154  

Policy loans

        3,141        3,106  

Investment properties (Note 4)

              7,270        7,067  

Invested assets

        145,582        146,139  

Other assets

        4,817        4,408  

Reinsurance assets (Note 6)

        3,937        4,028  

Deferred tax assets

        1,122        1,295  

Intangible assets

        1,705        1,667  

Goodwill

              5,276        5,183  

Total general fund assets

        162,439        162,720  

Investments for account of segregated fund holders (Note 11)

              108,298        106,392  

Total assets

            $ 270,737      $ 269,112  

Liabilities and equity

        

Liabilities

        

Insurance contract liabilities (Note 6)

      $ 117,480      $ 117,785  

Investment contract liabilities (Note 6)

        3,137        3,082  

Derivative liabilities

        1,676        1,756  

Deferred tax liabilities

        359        403  

Other liabilities

        11,813        11,987  

Senior debentures

        1,299        1,299  

Subordinated debt

              3,039        3,437  

Total general fund liabilities

        138,803        139,749  

Insurance contracts for account of segregated fund holders (Note 11)

        101,500        99,121  

Investment contracts for account of segregated fund holders (Note 11)

 

     6,798        7,271  

Total liabilities

            $ 247,101      $ 246,141  

Equity

        

Issued share capital and contributed surplus

      $ 10,822      $ 10,911  

Shareholders’ retained earnings and accumulated other comprehensive income

 

     12,012        11,410  

Total shareholders’ equity

        22,834        22,321  

Participating policyholders’ equity

              802        650  

Total equity

            $ 23,636      $ 22,971  

Total liabilities and equity

            $     270,737      $     269,112  

Exchange rates at the end of the reporting periods:

     U.S. dollars        1.29        1.26  

The attached notes form part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Approved on behalf of the Board of Directors on November 7, 2018.

 

LOGO

   LOGO

Dean A. Connor

  

Sara G. Lewis

President and Chief Executive Officer

  

Director

 

 

INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   39


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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

 

      For the nine months ended  
(unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars)    September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
 

Shareholders:

     

Preferred shares

     

Balance, beginning and end of period

   $ 2,257      $ 2,257  

Common shares (Note 10)

     

Balance, beginning of period

     8,582        8,614  

Stock options exercised

     16        7  

Common shares purchased for cancellation

     (109      (26

Common shares issued as consideration for business acquisition

     4         

Balance, end of period

     8,493        8,595  

Contributed surplus

     

Balance, beginning of period

     72        72  

Share-based payments

     3        3  

Stock options exercised

     (3      (1

Balance, end of period

     72        74  

Retained earnings

     

Balance, beginning of period, as previously reported

     10,305        9,360  

Adjustment for change in accounting policy (Note 2)

     (44       

Balance, beginning of period, after change in accounting policy

     10,261        9,360  

Net income (loss)

     2,013        2,012  

Dividends on common shares

     (853      (792

Dividends on preferred shares

     (71      (70

Common shares purchased for cancellation (Note 10)

     (297      (62

Transfer from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

            (13

Transfer from participating policyholders’ equity (Note 10)

     89         

Balance, end of period

     11,142        10,435  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes (Note 14)

     

Balance, beginning of period

     1,105        1,653  

Total other comprehensive income (loss) for the period

     (235      (729

Transfer to retained earnings

            13  

Balance, end of period

     870        937  

Total shareholders’ equity, end of period

   $ 22,834      $ 22,298  

Participating policyholders:

     

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 650      $ 412  

Net income (loss) (Note 10)

     239        229  

Total other comprehensive income (loss) for the period (Note 14)

     2        (8

Transfer to retained earnings (Note 10)

     (89       

Total participating policyholders’ equity, end of period

   $ 802      $ 633  

Total equity

   $     23,636      $     22,931  

The attached notes form part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

40   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

     For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
(unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars)   September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

       

Income (loss) before income taxes

  $ 1,061     $ 1,059     $ 2,737     $ 2,609  

Adjustments:

       

Interest expense related to financing activities

    62       60       185       185  

Increase (decrease) in insurance and investment contract liabilities

    (967     (718     (1,363     2,229  

Decrease (increase) in reinsurance assets

    234       498       189       798  

Realized and unrealized (gains) losses and foreign currency changes on invested assets

    1,285       933       3,161       (1,147

Sales, maturities and repayments of invested assets

    13,643       13,501       46,751       39,556  

Purchases of invested assets

    (14,084     (14,501     (48,602     (42,382

Income taxes received (paid)

    (41     (88     (189     (316

Mortgage securitization (Note 4)

          21       39       214  

Other operating activities

    (75     (135     (957     (412

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

    1,118       630       1,951       1,334  

Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities

       

Net (purchase) sale of property and equipment

    (29     (40     (34     (134

Investment in and transactions with joint ventures and associates

    (10     (5     (13     (100

Dividends received from joint ventures and associates

    14             34       17  

Other investing activities

    (32     (21     (134     19  

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

    (57     (66     (147     (198

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

       

Increase in (repayment of) borrowed funds

    (8     (14     (29     (41

Redemption of senior debentures and subordinated debt (Note 10)

                (400     (800

Issuance of common shares on exercise of stock options

    3       3       13       6  

Common shares purchased for cancellation (Note 10)

    (200     (88     (406     (88

Dividends paid on common and preferred shares

    (307     (288     (911     (858

Interest expense paid

    (75     (66     (208     (218

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

    (587     (453     (1,941     (1,999

Changes due to fluctuations in exchange rates

    (66     (104     48       (215

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    408       7       (89     (1,078

Net cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

    5,459       5,424       5,956       6,509  

Net cash and cash equivalents, end of period

    5,867       5,431       5,867       5,431  

Short-term securities, end of period

    2,126       2,462       2,126       2,462  

Net cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities, end of period (Note 4)

  $        7,993     $        7,893     $        7,993     $        7,893  

The attached notes form part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   41


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Condensed Notes to the Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited, in millions of Canadian dollars except for per share amounts and where otherwise stated. All amounts stated in U.S. dollars are in millions.)

 

1. Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

Sun Life Financial Inc. (“SLF Inc.”) is a publicly traded company domiciled in Canada and is the holding company of Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (“Sun Life Assurance”). SLF Inc. and its subsidiaries are collectively referred to as “us”, “our”, “ours”, “we”, or “the Company”.

Our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (“IAS”) 34 Interim Financial Reporting as issued and adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). We have used accounting policies which are consistent with our accounting policies in our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, except as disclosed in Note 2 below. Our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements, as interim financial statements do not include all the information incorporated in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).

 

2. Changes in Accounting Policies

New and Amended International Financial Reporting Standards Adopted in 2018

In May 2014, the IASB issued IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“IFRS 15”), which replaces IAS 11 Construction Contracts, IAS 18 Revenue and various interpretations. Amendments to IFRS 15 were issued in September 2015 and April 2016. IFRS 15 establishes principles about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue arising from contracts with customers. IFRS 15 requires entities to recognize revenue to reflect the transfer of goods or services to customers measured at the amounts an entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Insurance contracts and revenues arising from those contracts, primarily premium revenue, are not within the scope of this standard. Revenues from service contracts and service components of investment contracts (which are treated as service contracts) that are reported in Fee income and primarily arise from our asset management businesses are within the scope of IFRS 15. IFRS 15 also provides guidance related to the costs to obtain and to fulfill a contract. We adopted IFRS 15 on a cumulative retrospective basis and recognized differences on transition to IFRS 15 as at January 1, 2018 in retained earnings. Our accounting policies under IFRS 15 are as follows:

Fee income is generated from insurance contracts and service contracts.

Fee income from insurance contracts includes fees from segregated fund contracts, guarantee fees and other fees associated with insurance contracts and is typically recognized as revenue when services are rendered.

Fee income from service contracts represents fees associated with non-insurance contracts with customers, and includes Distribution fees, Fund management and other asset-based fees, and Administrative services and other fees. Distribution fees includes fees earned from the distribution of investment products and other intermediary activities. Fund management and other asset-based fees includes fees earned from investment management services. Administrative services and other fees includes fees earned from contract administration and other management services. Fee income from service contracts is typically recognized as revenue when services are rendered at either a point in time or over time. The majority of fee income from service contracts is comprised of variable consideration which is based on a percentage of assets under management or another variable metric and is recognized as revenue when it is highly probable that a significant reversal in the amount of the revenue recognized will not occur.

Additional disclosure on revenue from contracts with customers is included in Note 8.

As a result of the adoption of IFRS 15, we derecognized a portion of our deferred acquisition costs (previously recognized in Other assets) and the related deferred tax liability on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, which reduced opening retained earnings by $44 on an after-tax basis as at January 1, 2018.

In September 2016, the IASB issued Amendments to IFRS 4 to allow insurance entities whose predominant activities are to issue contracts within the scope of IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts an optional temporary exemption from applying IFRS 9 Financial Instruments until 2021 (“deferral approach”). We qualify and elected the deferral approach permitted under the amendments. Consequently, we will continue to apply IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement, the existing financial instrument standard until 2021.

The following new and amended IFRS are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, and did not have a material impact on our Interim Consolidated Financial Statements:

In June 2016, the IASB issued Classification and Measurement of Share-based Payment Transactions, which amends IFRS 2 Share-based Payment. The amendments clarify how to account for certain types of share-based payment transactions, such as the

 

42   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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effects of vesting and non-vesting conditions on the measurement of cash-settled share-based payments. These amendments are applicable to awards granted on or after that date and to unvested and vested but unexercised awards outstanding at that date. These amendments were applied prospectively.

In December 2016, the IASB issued Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2014-2016 Cycle, which includes minor amendments to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards and IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures.

In December 2016, the IASB issued Transfers of Investment Property (Amendments to IAS 40). The amendments to IAS 40 Investment Property clarify that an entity shall transfer property to, or from, investment property when, and only when, there is evidence of a change in use.

In December 2016, the IASB issued IFRIC 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration (“IFRIC 22”), which was developed by the IFRS Interpretations Committee. IFRIC 22 clarifies that for purposes of determining the exchange rate in transactions which include the receipt or payment of advance consideration in a foreign currency, the date of the transaction is the date of initial recognition of the non-monetary prepayment asset or deferred income liability.

Amended International Financial Reporting Standards Issued in 2018

In March 2018, the IASB issued a revised Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (“2018 Conceptual Framework”), which replaces the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting issued in 2010. The 2018 Conceptual Framework includes revised definitions of an asset and a liability, as well as new guidance on measurement, derecognition, presentation and disclosure. The 2018 Conceptual Framework is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2020. We are currently assessing the impact the adoption of this framework will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In October 2018, the IASB issued Definition of a Business, which amends IFRS 3 Business Combinations. The amendments clarify the definition of a business to assist entities in determining whether a transaction represents a business combination or an acquisition of assets. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2020, to be applied prospectively.

Assessment of Impact on IFRS 16 Leases (“IFRS 16”)

IFRS 16, which replaces IAS 17 Leases, and related interpretations, sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both lessees and lessors. For lessees, IFRS 16 removes the classification of leases as either operating or financing and requires that all leases be recognized on the statement of financial position, with certain exemptions allowed by this new standard. The accounting for lessors is substantially unchanged. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, to be applied retrospectively, or on a modified retrospective basis. We will be adopting IFRS 16 on a modified retrospective basis. We have made significant progress in identifying lease contracts within the scope of this standard and are currently assessing the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

3. Segmented Information

We have five reportable segments: Sun Life Financial Canada (“SLF Canada”), Sun Life Financial United States (“SLF U.S.”), Sun Life Financial Asset Management (“SLF Asset Management”), Sun Life Financial Asia (“SLF Asia”), and Corporate. These reportable segments operate in the financial services industry and reflect our management structure and internal financial reporting. Corporate includes the results of our United Kingdom business unit (“SLF U.K.”) and our Corporate Support operations, which include run-off reinsurance operations as well as investment income, expenses, capital, and other items not allocated to our other business groups.

Effective the first quarter of 2018, a change in the organizational and reporting structure resulted in the International business unit being transferred from the SLF U.S. reportable segment to the SLF Asia reportable segment. Consequently, approximately $10,000 of insurance contract liabilities pertaining to individual non-participating life and health policies is transferred from SLF U.S. to SLF Asia, along with the associated assets. The information reported to the Chief Operating Decision Maker now includes the results of the International business unit in the SLF Asia reporting package and the segmental information presented in these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements now includes the results of the International business unit in the SLF Asia reportable segment. In accordance with IFRS 8 Operating Segments, the segmental information for prior reporting periods has been restated to conform with current period presentation.

Revenues from our reportable segments are derived principally from life and health insurance, investment management and annuities, and mutual funds. Revenues not attributed to the strategic business units are derived primarily from Corporate investments and earnings on capital. Transactions between segments are executed and priced on an arm’s-length basis in a manner similar to transactions with third parties.

The expenses in each business segment may include costs or services directly incurred or provided on their behalf at the enterprise level. For other costs not directly attributable to one of our business segments, we use a management reporting framework that uses assumptions, judgments, and methodologies for allocating overhead costs and indirect expenses to our business segments.

Intersegment transactions consist primarily of internal financing agreements which are measured at fair values prevailing when the arrangements are negotiated. Intersegment investment income consists primarily of interest paid by SLF U.S. to Corporate.

 

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Intersegment fee income is primarily asset management fees paid by SLF Canada and Corporate to SLF Asset Management, and product distribution fees paid by SLF Asset Management to SLF Asia. Intersegment transactions are presented in the Consolidation adjustments column in the following tables.

Results by segment for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 are as follows:

 

     SLF
Canada
    SLF U.S.(1)     SLF Asset
Management
    SLF Asia(1)     Corporate      Consolidation
adjustments
    Total  

2018

              

Gross premiums:

              

Annuities

  $ 608     $     $     $     $ 5      $     $ 613  

Life insurance

    1,129       404             458       24              2,015  

Health insurance

    1,335       955             6       4              2,300  

Total gross premiums

    3,072       1,359             464       33              4,928  

Less: ceded premiums

    350       145             57       7              559  

Net investment income (loss)

    (53     159       9       72       (50      (8     129  

Fee income

    305       19           1,041       130       36        (31     1,500  

Total revenue

    2,974       1,392       1,050       609       12        (39     5,998  

Less:

              

Total benefits and expenses

    2,183       1,733       731       426       (97      (39     4,937  

Income tax expense (benefit)

    176       (75     78       14       (9            184  

Total net income (loss)

  $ 615     $ (266   $ 241     $ 169     $     118      $     $ 877  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to participating policyholders

    280       1             5                    286  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 335     $ (267   $ 241     $ 164     $ 118      $     $ 591  

2017

              

Gross premiums:

              

Annuities

  $ 567     $     $     $     $ 7      $     $ 574  

Life insurance

    1,067       414             541       24              2,046  

Health insurance

    1,251       862             4       4              2,121  

Total gross premiums

    2,885       1,276             545       35                  4,741  

Less: ceded premiums

    974       (2           46       7               –       1,025  

Net investment income (loss)

    (375     367       11       354       52        (14     395  

Fee income

    271       49       987       124       30        (17     1,444  

Total revenue

        1,807           1,694       998           977       110        (31     5,555  

Less:

              

Total benefits and expenses

    1,388       1,602       715       741       81        (31     4,496  

Income tax expense (benefit)

    80       19       98       11       1              209  

Total net income (loss)

  $ 339     $ 73     $ 185     $ 225     $ 28      $     $ 850  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to participating policyholders

    (1     1             9                    9  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 340     $ 72     $ 185     $ 216     $ 28      $     $ 841  

 

(1)  

Balances in 2017 have been changed to conform with current period presentation as a result of the resegmentation described in Note 3.

 

 

44   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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Results by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 are as follows:

 

     SLF
Canada
    SLF U.S.(1)     SLF Asset
Management
    SLF Asia(1)     Corporate      Consolidation
adjustments
    Total  

2018

              

Gross premiums:

              

Annuities

  $ 1,936     $     $     $     $ 16      $     $ 1,952  

Life insurance

    3,461       1,213             1,550       70              6,294  

Health insurance

    3,969       2,800             21       10              6,800  

Total gross premiums

    9,366       4,013             1,571       96              15,046  

Less: ceded premiums

    1,108       429             163       17              1,717  

Net investment income (loss)

    1,369       (99     10       (246     (9      (20     1,005  

Fee income

    907       52       3,111       393       115        (95     4,483  

Total revenue

    10,534       3,537       3,121       1,555       185        (115     18,817  

Less:

              

Total benefits and expenses

    9,127       3,683       2,241       1,081       63        (115     16,080  

Income tax expense (benefit)

    294       (45     215       37       (16            485  

Total net income (loss)

  $ 1,113     $ (101   $ 665     $ 437     $ 138      $     $ 2,252  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to participating policyholders

    267       (35           7                    239  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 846     $ (66   $ 665     $ 430     $ 138      $     $ 2,013  

2017

              

Gross premiums:

              

Annuities

  $ 1,806     $     $     $     $ 20      $        –     $ 1,826  

Life insurance

    3,254       1,305             1,696       69              6,324  

Health insurance

    3,658       2,695             16       11              6,380  

Total gross premiums

    8,718       4,000             1,712       100                  14,530  

Less: ceded premiums

    2,876       274             158       19              3,327  

Net investment income (loss)

    2,073       1,431       35       1,407       279        (64     5,161  

Fee income

    817       87       2,993       391       88        (54     4,322  

Total revenue

        8,732           5,244           3,028           3,352           448        (118     20,686  

Less:

              

Total benefits and expenses

    7,531       5,428       2,205       2,631       400        (118     18,077  

Income tax expense (benefit)

    203       (106     284       45       (58            368  

Total net income (loss)

  $ 998     $ (78   $ 539     $ 676     $ 106      $     $ 2,241  

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to participating policyholders

    207       3             19                    229  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 791     $ (81   $ 539     $ 657     $ 106      $     $ 2,012  

 

(1)  

Balances in 2017 have been changed to conform with current period presentation as a result of the resegmentation described in Note 3.

 

 

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4. Total Invested Assets and Related Net Investment Income

4.A Asset Classification

The carrying values of our Debt securities, Equity securities, and Other invested assets presented in our Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position consist of the following:

 

As at

   

Fair value
through profit
or loss
 
 
 
   

Available-

for-sale

 

 

    Other (1)       Total  

September 30, 2018

       

Debt securities

  $     58,209     $     12,867     $     $     71,076  

Equity securities

  $ 4,334     $ 627     $     $ 4,961  

Other invested assets

  $ 2,610     $ 599     $     1,337     $ 4,546  

December 31, 2017

       

Debt securities

  $ 59,967     $ 12,652     $     $ 72,619  

Equity securities

  $ 5,078     $ 942     $     $ 6,020  

Other invested assets

  $ 2,211     $ 562     $ 1,381     $ 4,154  

 

(1)  

Other consists primarily of investments accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

4.B Fair Value and Foreign Currency Changes on Assets and Liabilities

Fair value and foreign currency changes on assets and liabilities recorded to net income consist of the following:

 

      For the three months ended      For the nine months ended  
      September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
     September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
 

Fair value change:

           

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities

   $ (1    $ (1    $ 3      $  

Debt securities

     (1,205      (1,160      (3,011      381  

Equity securities

     (26              134        10        256  

Derivative investments

     8        231        (709      642  

Other invested assets

     (2      (25      39        17  

Total change in fair value through profit or loss assets and liabilities

     (1,226      (821      (3,668          1,296  

Fair value changes on investment properties

               92        82                329        162  

Foreign exchange gains (losses)(1)

     (170      (235      54        (465

Realized gains (losses) on property and equipment(2)

                   28         

Fair value and foreign currency changes on assets and liabilities

   $ (1,304    $ (974    $ (3,257    $ 993  

 

(1)  

Primarily arises from the translation of foreign currency denominated available-for-sale assets and mortgages and loans. Any offsetting amounts arising from foreign currency derivatives are included in the fair value change on derivative investments.

(2) 

In 2018, we sold and leased back a property in Waterloo, Ontario. The transaction qualified as a sale and operating lease and as a result, we recognized a gain of $28.

4.C Impairment of Available-For-Sale Assets

We recognized impairment losses on available-for-sale assets of $3 and $8 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively ($3 and $4 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017).

 

 

46   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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4.D Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Securities

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities presented in our Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and Net cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities presented in our Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows consist of the following:

 

As at    September 30,
2018
     December 31,
2017
     September 30,
2017
 

Cash

   $ 1,776      $ 1,504      $ 1,440  

Cash equivalents

     4,294        4,592        4,161  

Short-term securities

     2,126        2,794        2,462  

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities

     8,196        8,890        8,063  

Less: Bank overdraft, recorded in Other liabilities

     203        140        170  

Net cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities

   $     7,993      $     8,750      $     7,893  

4.E Mortgage Securitization

We securitize certain insured fixed rate commercial mortgages as described in Note 5 of our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements.

The carrying value and fair value of the securitized mortgages as at September 30, 2018 are $1,259 and $1,229, respectively ($1,283 and $1,267 respectively, as at December 31, 2017). The carrying value and fair value of the associated liabilities as at September 30, 2018 are $1,394 and $1,363, respectively ($1,355 and $1,346 respectively, as at December 31, 2017). The carrying value of asset-backed securities in the principal reinvestment account (“PRA”) as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are $135 and $75, respectively. There are no cash and cash equivalents in the PRA as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

The fair value of the secured borrowings from mortgage securitization is based on the methodologies and assumptions for asset-backed securities described in Note 5 of our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value of these liabilities is categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

4.F Fair Value Measurement

The fair value methodologies and assumptions for assets and liabilities carried at fair value as well as disclosures on unobservable inputs, sensitivities, and valuation processes for Level 3 assets can be found in Note 5 of our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements.

4.F.i Fair Value Hierarchy

Our assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis by hierarchy level are as follows:

 

As at   September 30, 2018     December 31, 2017  
     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  

Assets

               

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities

  $ 7,330     $ 866     $     $ 8,196     $ 7,683     $ 1,207     $     $ 8,890  

Debt securities – fair value through profit or loss

    939       56,941       329       58,209       1,103       58,447       417       59,967  

Debt securities – available-for-sale

    1,225       11,524       118       12,867       818       11,698       136       12,652  

Equity securities – fair value through profit or loss

    2,387       1,762       185       4,334       3,379       1,532       167       5,078  

Equity securities – available-for-sale

    421       172       34       627       710       194       38       942  

Derivative assets

    17       1,168             1,185       27       1,451             1,478  

Other invested assets

    990       129       2,090       3,209       912       140       1,721       2,773  

Investment properties

                7,270       7,270                   7,067       7,067  

Total invested assets

  $ 13,309     $ 72,562     $ 10,026     $ 95,897     $ 14,632     $ 74,669     $ 9,546     $ 98,847  

Investments for account of segregated fund holders

    26,336       80,493       1,469       108,298       27,481       77,757       1,154       106,392  

Total assets measured at fair value

  $     39,645     $     153,055     $     11,495     $     204,195     $     42,113     $     152,426     $     10,700     $     205,239  

Liabilities

               

Investment contract liabilities

  $     $     $ 3     $ 3     $     $     $ 3     $ 3  

Derivative liabilities

    7       1,669             1,676       5       1,751             1,756  

Total liabilities measured at fair value

  $ 7     $ 1,669     $ 3     $ 1,679     $ 5     $ 1,751     $ 3     $ 1,759  

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   47


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Debt securities – fair value through profit or loss consist of the following:

 

As at   September 30, 2018     December 31, 2017  
     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  

Canadian federal government

  $     $ 3,445     $ 15     $ 3,460     $     $ 3,351     $ 15     $ 3,366  

Canadian provincial and municipal government

          11,680       14       11,694             12,142       16       12,158  

U.S. government and agency

    939       113       2       1,054       1,103       125       3       1,231  

Other foreign government

          4,584       34       4,618             5,318       43       5,361  

Corporate

          33,291       226       33,517             33,864       306       34,170  

Asset-backed securities:

               

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

          1,347       2       1,349             1,459       1       1,460  

Residential mortgage-backed securities

          1,712             1,712             1,625             1,625  

Collateralized debt obligations

          87       13       100             55             55  

Other

          682       23       705             508       33       541  

Total debt securities – fair value through profit or loss

  $        939     $     56,941     $     329     $     58,209     $     1,103     $     58,447     $     417     $     59,967  

Debt securities – available-for-sale consist of the following:

 

As at   September 30, 2018     December 31, 2017  
     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3     Total  

Canadian federal government

  $     $ 1,915     $     $ 1,915     $     $ 1,832     $     $ 1,832  

Canadian provincial and municipal government

          1,163             1,163             1,138             1,138  

U.S. government and agency

    1,225                   1,225       818                   818  

Other foreign government

          693       1       694             752             752  

Corporate

          5,080       40       5,120             5,838       56       5,894  

Asset-backed securities:

               

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

          769             769             744             744  

Residential mortgage-backed securities

          397             397             398             398  

Collateralized debt obligations

          667       67       734             345       69       414  

Other

          840       10       850             651       11       662  

Total debt securities – available-for-sale

  $     1,225     $     11,524     $     118     $     12,867     $        818     $     11,698     $     136     $     12,652  

There were no significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017.

 

 

48   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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The following tables provide reconciliations of the beginning and ending balances for assets that are categorized in Level 3:

 

For the three months ended   Debt
securities –
fair value
through
profit or loss
   

Debt
securities –
available-

for-sale

    Equity
securities –
fair value
through
profit or
loss
   

Equity
securities –
available-

for-sale

    Other
invested
assets
    Investment
properties
    Total
invested
assets
measured
at fair
value
    Investments
for account of
segregated
fund holders
    Total
assets
measured
at fair
value
 

September 30, 2018

                 

Beginning balance

  $ 388     $ 130     $ 186     $ 33     $ 1,897     $ 7,337     $ 9,971     $ 1,360     $ 11,331  

Included in net income(1)(3)(5)

    (5     2       (2           (6     74       63       13       76  

Included in OCI(3)

          (5                 (2           (7           (7

Purchases

    31       39       3             238       135       446       125       571  

Sales

    (16                       (28     (248     (292     (9     (301

Settlements

    (1                                   (1     (1     (2

Transfers into Level 3(2)

                                                     

Transfers (out) of Level 3(2)

    (65     (47                             (112     (5     (117

Foreign currency translation(4)

    (3     (1     (2     1       (9     (28     (42     (14     (56

Ending balance

  $     329     $     118     $     185     $     34     $     2,090     $     7,270     $     10,026     $     1,469     $     11,495  

Gains (losses) included in earnings relating to instruments still held at the reporting date(1)

  $ (5   $     $ (2   $     $ (5   $ 46     $ 34     $ 12     $ 46  

September 30, 2017

                 

Beginning balance

  $ 514     $ 112     $ 149     $ 7     $ 1,581     $ 6,982     $ 9,345     $ 1,011     $ 10,356  

Included in net income(1)(3)(5)

    (8           (4           (44     63       7       5       12  

Included in OCI(3)

          1                   4             5             5  

Purchases

    23       57       26             151       92       349       38       387  

Sales

    (19                       (67     (37     (123     (3     (126

Settlements

    (31     (3                             (34           (34

Transfers into Level 3(2)(6)

    124                                     124             124  

Transfers (out) of Level 3(2)

    (80     (47                             (127           (127

Foreign currency translation(4)

    (8     (2     (3     (1     (10     (66     (90     (7     (97

Ending balance

  $ 515     $ 118     $ 168     $ 6     $ 1,615     $ 7,034     $ 9,456     $ 1,044     $ 10,500  

Gains (losses) included in earnings relating to instruments still held at the reporting date(1)

  $ (5   $     $ (4   $     $ (42   $ 67     $ 16     $ 2     $ 18  

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   49


Table of Contents
For the nine months ended   Debt
securities –
fair value
through
profit or loss
   

Debt
securities –
available-

for-sale

   

Equity
securities –
fair value
through

profit or

loss

   

Equity
securities –
available-

for-sale

   

Other

invested

assets

    Investment
properties
   

Total

invested

assets
measured

at fair
value

    Investments
for account of
segregated
fund holders
    Total
assets
measured
at fair
value
 

September 30, 2018

                 

Beginning balance

  $ 417     $ 136     $ 167     $ 38     $ 1,721     $ 7,067     $ 9,546     $ 1,154     $ 10,700  

Included in net income(1)(3)(5)

    (13           8             32       274       301       22       323  

Included in OCI(3)

          (5           (6     (8           (19           (19

Purchases

    92       141       8       1       491       467       1,200       327       1,527  

Sales

    (48                 (1     (157     (585     (791     (25     (816

Settlements

    (14                 (1                 (15     (1     (16

Transfers into Level 3(2)

    11       13             1                   25       4       29  

Transfers (out) of Level 3(2)

    (117     (167                             (284     (5     (289

Foreign currency translation(4)

    1             2       2       11       47       63       (7     56  

Ending balance

  $      329     $      118     $     185     $     34     $     2,090     $     7,270     $     10,026     $     1,469     $     11,495  

Gains (losses) included in earnings relating to instruments still held at the reporting date(1)

  $ (6   $     $ 9     $     $ 32     $ 261     $ 296     $ 17     $ 313  

September 30, 2017

                 

Beginning balance

  $ 442     $ 191     $ 144     $ 7     $ 1,544     $ 6,592     $ 8,920     $ 865     $ 9,785  

Included in net income(1)(3)(5)

    (9     (1     8             (59     126       65       37       102  

Included in OCI(3)

                            16             16             16  

Purchases

    178       133       35             339       283       968       185       1,153  

Sales

    (40     (1     (7           (255     (97     (400     (38     (438

Settlements

    (65     (5     (7                       (77     (1     (78

Transfers into Level 3(2)(6)

    204                         49       259       512             512  

Transfers (out) of Level 3(2)

    (176     (195                             (371     (1     (372

Foreign currency translation(4)

    (19     (4     (5     (1     (19     (129     (177     (3     (180

Ending balance

  $ 515     $ 118     $ 168     $ 6     $ 1,615     $ 7,034     $ 9,456     $ 1,044     $ 10,500  

Gains (losses) included in earnings relating to instruments still held at the reporting date(1)

  $ (3   $     $ 9     $     $ (57   $ 143     $ 92     $ 25     $ 117  

 

(1)  

Included in Net investment income (loss) for Total invested assets measured at fair value in our Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(2) 

Transfers into Level 3 occur when the inputs used to price the assets and liabilities lack observable market data, and as a result, no longer meet the Level 1 or 2 definitions at the reporting date. Transfers out of Level 3 occur when the pricing inputs become more transparent and satisfy the Level 1 or 2 criteria and are primarily the result of observable market data being available at the reporting date, thus removing the requirement to rely on inputs that lack observability.

(3) 

Total gains and losses in net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (“OCI”) are calculated assuming transfers into or out of Level 3 occur at the beginning of the period. For an asset or liability that transfers into Level 3 during the reporting period, the entire change in fair value for the period is included in the table above. For transfers out of Level 3 during the reporting period, the change in fair value for the period is excluded from the table above.

(4) 

Foreign currency translation relates to the foreign exchange impact of translating Level 3 assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries from their functional currencies to Canadian dollars.

(5) 

Investment properties included in net income is comprised of fair value changes on investment properties of $92 and $329 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively ($82 and $162 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively) net of amortization of leasing commissions and tenant inducements of $18 and $55 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively ($19 and $36 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively).

(6) 

Transfers into Level 3 in Investment properties includes the reclassification of our former head office location previously classified as owner-occupied with a market value of $259 from Other assets to Investment properties. The reclassification recognized a revaluation surplus of $172, which was recorded as an increase of $139 of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes of $33.

 

 

50   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


Table of Contents

5. Financial Instrument and Insurance Risk Management

Our risk management policies and procedures for managing risks related to financial instruments and insurance contracts can be found in Notes 6 and 7, respectively, of our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements.

Our financial instrument market risk sensitivities are included in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The shaded text and tables in the Risk Management section of the MD&A represent our disclosures on market risk sensitivities in accordance with IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures and include discussions on how we measure our risk and our objectives, policies, and methodologies for managing this risk. Therefore, the shaded text and tables in the MD&A represent an integral part of these Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

6. Insurance Contract Liabilities and Investment Contract Liabilities

6.A Insurance Contract Liabilities

6.A.i Changes in Insurance Contract Liabilities and Reinsurance Assets

Changes in Insurance contract liabilities and Reinsurance assets are as follows:

 

     For the three months ended
September 30, 2018
    For the three months ended
September 30, 2017
 
     Insurance
contract
liabilities
    Reinsurance
assets
    Net     Insurance
contract
liabilities
    Reinsurance
assets
    Net  

Balances before Other policy liabilities and assets, beginning of period

  $ 112,539     $ 3,671     $ 108,868     $ 109,906     $ 4,124     $ 105,782  

Change in balances on in-force policies

    (1,074     (120     (954     (1,107     (475     (632

Balances arising from new policies

    551       24       527       546       48       498  

Method and assumption changes

    (419     (138     (281     (166     (71     (95

Increase (decrease) in Insurance contract liabilities and Reinsurance assets

    (942     (234     (708     (727     (498     (229

Foreign exchange rate movements

    (968     (54     (914     (1,717     (126     (1,591

Balances before Other policy liabilities and assets

    110,629       3,383       107,246       107,462       3,500       103,962  

Other policy liabilities and assets

    6,851       554       6,297       6,535       624       5,911  

Total Insurance contract liabilities and Reinsurance assets, end of period

  $     117,480     $     3,937     $     113,543     $     113,997     $     4,124     $     109,873  

 

     For the nine months ended
September 30, 2018
    For the nine months ended
September 30, 2017
 
     Insurance
contract
liabilities
    Reinsurance
assets
    Net     Insurance
contract
liabilities
    Reinsurance
assets
    Net  

Balances before Other policy liabilities and assets, beginning of period

  $ 111,091     $ 3,503     $ 107,588     $ 108,411     $ 4,541     $ 103,870  

Change in balances on in-force policies

    (3,424     (165     (3,259     789       (728     1,517  

Balances arising from new policies

    2,490       91       2,399       2,188       109       2,079  

Method and assumption changes

    (395     (115     (280     (788     (179     (609

Increase (decrease) in Insurance contract liabilities and Reinsurance assets

    (1,329     (189     (1,140     2,189       (798     2,987  

Foreign exchange rate movements

    867       69       798       (3,138     (243     (2,895

Balances before Other policy liabilities and assets

    110,629       3,383       107,246       107,462       3,500       103,962  

Other policy liabilities and assets

    6,851       554       6,297       6,535       624       5,911  

Total Insurance contract liabilities and Reinsurance assets, end of period

  $     117,480     $     3,937     $     113,543     $     113,997     $     4,124     $     109,873  

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   51


Table of Contents

6.A.ii Impact of Method and Assumption Changes

Impacts of method and assumption changes on Insurance contract liabilities net of Reinsurance assets are as follows:

 

    

For the three

months ended
September 30, 2018

   

For the nine

months ended
September 30, 2018

    Description

Mortality / Morbidity

  $     (319   $     (320   Updates to reflect mortality/morbidity experience in all jurisdictions. The largest items were favourable mortality in SLF Asia International, SLF Canada Group Retirement Services and SLF U.K.

Lapse and other policyholder behaviour

    564       563     Updates to lapse and other policyholder behaviour in all jurisdictions. The largest items, which all had unfavourable impacts, were updated lapse assumptions in SLF U.S. and SLF Asia International.

Expense

    17       12     Updates to reflect expense experience in all jurisdictions including updates to SLF Canada participating life accounts.

Investment returns

    (327     (328   Updates to various investment-related assumptions across the Company including updates to SLF Canada participating life accounts.

Model enhancements and other

    (216     (207   Various enhancements and methodology changes across all jurisdictions. The largest items were a favourable change to the participating provisions for adverse deviations in SLF Canada and SLF U.S., partially offset by a change in reinsurance provisions in SLF U.S.

Total impact

  $ (281   $ (280    
    

For the three

months ended
September 30, 2017

   

For the nine

months ended
September 30, 2017

    Description

Mortality / Morbidity

  $ (275   $ (275   Updates to reflect mortality/morbidity experience in all jurisdictions. The largest items were favourable mortality in SLF U.S. In-force Management and SLF Asia International insurance and favourable mortality improvement in SLF U.K.

Lapse and other policyholder behaviour

    134       134     Updates to reflect lapse and other policyholder behaviour experience in all jurisdictions. The largest items were lower lapse rates on lapse supported business in SLF U.S. and updated lapse assumptions in SLF Canada’s individual insurance business.

Expense

    84       75     Updates to reflect expense experience in all jurisdictions. The largest items were a refinement to the allocation of expenses in SLF Canada and increased expenses in the closed block of business in SLF Asia International wealth.

Investment returns

    (66     (66   Updates to various investment related assumptions across the Company. This included a reduction of the provision for investment risk in SLF Canada and other updated investment related assumptions, offset partially by updates to promulgated ultimate reinvestment rates.

Model enhancements and other

    28       (477   Various enhancements and methodology changes across all jurisdictions. The nine months ended September 30, 2017, includes the Q2 2017 favourable impact on actuarial liabilities from the resolution of tax uncertainties in a U.S. subsidiary, partially offset by increases in general provisions for the risk related to changes in reinsurance market conditions, and the Q1 2017 update to the SLF Canada participating individual life business to reflect mortality experience.

Total impact

  $ (95   $ (609    

 

 

52   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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6.B Investment Contract Liabilities

6.B.i Changes in Investment Contract Liabilities

Changes in investment contract liabilities without discretionary participation features (“DPF”) are as follows:

 

     For the three months ended
September 30, 2018
     For the three months ended
September 30, 2017
 
      Measured at
fair value
     Measured at
amortized cost
    

Measured at

fair value

     Measured at
amortized cost
 

Balances, beginning of period

   $ 3      $ 2,619      $ 3      $ 2,440  

Deposits

            124               85  

Interest

            13               13  

Withdrawals

            (126             (78

Fees

            (1             (1

Other

            5               5  

Changes in assumptions

                          3  

Foreign exchange rate movements

                          (1

Balances, end of period

   $     3      $     2,634      $     3      $     2,466  

 

     For the nine months ended
September 30, 2018
     For the nine months ended
September 30, 2017
 
      Measured at
fair value
     Measured at
amortized cost
    

Measured at

fair value

     Measured at
amortized cost
 

Balances, beginning of period

   $ 3      $ 2,517      $ 3      $ 2,305  

Deposits

            370               360  

Interest

            39               36  

Withdrawals

            (301             (248

Fees

            (6             (4

Other

            15               14  

Changes in assumptions

                          3  

Foreign exchange rate movements

                           

Balances, end of period

   $     3      $     2,634      $     3      $     2,466  

Changes in investment contract liabilities with DPF are as follows:

 

     For the three months ended      For the nine months ended  
      September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
     September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
 

Balances, beginning of period

   $ 547      $ 593      $ 562      $ 605  

Change in liabilities on in-force policies

     (38      (7      (73       

Liabilities arising from new policies

                          1  

Increase (decrease) in liabilities

     (38      (7      (73      1  

Foreign exchange rate movements

     (9      (20      11        (40

Balances, end of period

   $     500      $     566      $     500      $     566  

6.C Gross Claims and Benefits Paid

Gross claims and benefits paid consist of the following:

 

     For the three months ended      For the nine months ended  
      September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
     September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
 

Maturities and surrenders

   $ 670      $ 576      $ 1,925      $ 1,756  

Annuity payments

     468        463        1,402        1,378  

Death and disability benefits

     909        823        2,999        2,895  

Health benefits

     1,592        1,512        4,751        4,590  

Policyholder dividends and interest on claims and deposits

     269        233        807        844  

Total gross claims and benefits paid

   $     3,908      $     3,607      $     11,884      $     11,463  

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   53


Table of Contents

7. Reinsurance (Expenses) Recoveries

Reinsurance (expenses) recoveries consist of the following:

 

     For the three months ended      For the nine months ended  
      September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
     September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017
 

Recovered claims and benefits

   $ 439      $ 854      $ 1,385      $ 2,781  

Commissions

     18        20        54        60  

Reserve adjustments

     (1      96        24        182  

Operating expenses and other

     20        91        60        268  

Reinsurance (expenses) recoveries

   $        476      $     1,061      $     1,523      $     3,291  

 

8. Fee Income

Fee income consists of the following:

 

     For the three months ended      For the nine months ended  
      September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017(1)
     September 30,
2018
     September 30,
2017(1)
 

Fee income from insurance contracts

   $ 238      $ 212      $ 708      $ 649  

Fee income from service contracts:

           

Distribution fees

     211        210        631        652  

Fund management and other asset-based fees

     871        841        2,601        2,527  

Administrative service and other fees

     180        181        543        494  

Total fee income

   $     1,500      $     1,444      $     4,483      $     4,322  

 

(1)  

Balances in 2017 have been changed to conform with current period presentation as a result of the adoption of IFRS 15 described in Note 2.

Distribution fees and Fund management and other asset-based fees are primarily earned in the SLF Asset Management segment. Administrative service and other fees are primarily earned in the SLF Canada segment. The fee income by reportable segment is presented in Note 3.

 

9. Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rate differs from the combined Canadian federal and provincial statutory income tax rate as follows:

 

    For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
     September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 
            %            %            %            %  

Total net income (loss)

  $ 877       $ 850       $ 2,252       $ 2,241    

Add: Income tax expense (benefit)

    184               209               485               368          

Total net income (loss) before income taxes

  $     1,061             $     1,059             $     2,737             $     2,609          

Taxes at the combined Canadian federal and provincial statutory income tax rate

  $ 284       26.8     $ 283       26.8     $ 732       26.8     $ 698       26.8  

Increase (decrease) in rate resulting from:

               

Higher (lower) effective rates on income subject to taxation in foreign jurisdictions

    (69     (6.5     (51     (4.8     (158     (5.8     (198     (7.6

Tax (benefit) cost of unrecognized tax losses and tax credits

    4       0.3                   4       0.1              

Tax exempt investment income

    (40     (3.8     (58     (5.5     (98     (3.6     (145     (5.6

Adjustments in respect of prior periods, including resolution of tax disputes

    5       0.5       34       3.1       (1           (2     (0.1

Other

                1       0.1       6       0.2       15       0.6  

Total tax expense (benefit) and effective income tax rate

  $ 184       17.3     $ 209       19.7     $ 485       17.7     $ 368       14.1  

 

 

54   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


Table of Contents

Statutory income tax rates in other jurisdictions in which we conduct business range from 0% to 30%, which creates a tax rate differential and corresponding tax provision difference compared to the Canadian federal and provincial statutory rate when applied to foreign income not subject to tax in Canada. Generally, higher earnings in jurisdictions with higher statutory tax rates result in an increase of our tax expense, while earnings arising in tax jurisdictions with statutory rates lower than 26.75% (rounded to 26.8% in the table above) reduce our tax expense. These differences are reported in Higher (lower) effective rates on income subject to taxation in foreign jurisdictions.

Tax exempt investment income includes tax rate differences related to various types of investment income that are taxed at rates lower than our statutory income tax rate, such as dividend income, capital gains arising in Canada, and various others. Fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, changes in market values of real estate properties and other investments have an impact on the amount of these tax rate differences.

Adjustments in respect of prior periods, including the resolution of tax disputes for the three months ended September 30, 2018 relate primarily to the resolution of finalization of prior years Canadian and U.S. tax filings, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, include the resolution of tax audits in Canada and Asia. In 2017, the adjustments related to the resolution of tax audits in Canada and the U.S., as well as the finalization of tax filings.

Tax (benefit) cost of unrecognized tax losses/tax credits reflects unrecognized losses in Asia.

Other for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 primarily reflects withholding taxes on distributions from our foreign subsidiaries. In 2018, the withholding taxes have largely been offset by the benefit relating to investments in joint ventures in Asia.

 

10. Capital Management

10.A Capital

Our capital base is structured to exceed minimum regulatory and internal capital targets, and maintain strong credit and financial strength ratings while maintaining a capital efficient structure. We strive to achieve an optimal capital structure by balancing the use of debt and equity financing. Capital is managed both on a consolidated basis under principles that consider all the risks associated with the business as well as at the business group level under the principles appropriate to the jurisdiction in which each operates. We manage the capital for all of our international subsidiaries on a local statutory basis in a manner commensurate with their individual risk profiles. Further details on our capital, and how it is managed, are included in Note 21 of our 2017 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (“OSFI”) has replaced the Minimum Continuing Capital and Surplus Requirements capital adequacy guideline with the Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test (“LICAT”). SLF Inc. is a non-operating insurance company and is subject to the LICAT guideline. As at September 30, 2018, SLF Inc.’s LICAT ratio exceeded OSFI’s regulatory minimum target. Sun Life Assurance, SLF Inc.’s principal operating life insurance subsidiary in Canada, is also subject to the LICAT guideline. As at September 30, 2018, Sun Life Assurance’s LICAT ratio exceeded OSFI’s minimum regulatory target; as well, it also exceeded OSFI’s supervisory target applicable to operating life insurance companies.

In the U.S., Sun Life Assurance operates through a branch which is subject to U.S. regulatory supervision and it exceeded the levels under which regulatory action would be required as at September 30, 2018. In addition, other subsidiaries of SLF Inc. that must comply with local capital or solvency requirements in the jurisdiction in which they operate maintained capital levels above minimum local requirements as at September 30, 2018.

Our capital base consists mainly of common shareholders’ equity, participating policyholders’ equity, preferred shareholders’ equity, and certain other capital securities that qualify as regulatory capital.

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   55


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10.B Significant Capital Transactions

10.B.i Common Shares

Changes in common shares issued and outstanding were as follows:

 

     For the nine months ended  
      September 30, 2018      September 30, 2017  
Common shares (in millions of shares)    Number of
shares
     Amount      Number of
shares
     Amount  

Balance, beginning of period

     610.5      $ 8,582        613.6      $ 8,614  

Stock options exercised

     0.4        16        0.1        7  

Common shares purchased for cancellation(1)

     (7.7 )(2)       (109      (1.8      (26

Common shares issued as consideration for business acquisition

     0.1        4                

Balance, end of period

     603.3      $     8,493        611.9      $     8,595  

 

(1)  

On August 14, 2018 and August 14, 2017, SLF Inc. launched normal course issuer bids to purchase and cancel up to 14 million common shares between August 14, 2018 and August 13, 2019 and 11.5 million common shares between August 14, 2017 and August 13, 2018, respectively. Common shares purchased for cancellation are purchased through the facilities of the Toronto Stock Exchange, other Canadian stock exchanges, and/or alternative Canadian trading platforms, at prevailing market rates, or by way of private agreements or share repurchase programs under issuer bid exemption orders issued by securities regulatory authorities at a discount to the prevailing market price. In the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the common shares purchased and cancelled under these programs were purchased at an average price per share of $52.91 for a total amount of $406. The total amount paid to purchase the shares is allocated to Common shares and Retained earnings in our Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity. The amount allocated to Common shares is based on the average cost per common share and amounts paid above the average cost are allocated to Retained earnings.

(2) 

1.1 million shares were purchased pursuant to a third-party share repurchase program under an issuer bid exemption order at a discount to the prevailing market price of the common shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

10.B.ii Subordinated Debt

On January 30, 2018, SLF Inc. redeemed all of the outstanding $400 principal amount of Series 2008-1 Subordinated Unsecured 5.59% Fixed/Floating Debentures at a redemption price equal to the principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest to that date.

10.C Participating Account Seed Capital

In the first quarter of 2018, with OSFI’s approval, seed capital, together with interest earned since demutualization, was transferred from the participating account to the shareholder account. The transfer of seed capital is recorded on our Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity as a Transfer from participating policyholders’ equity totaling $89, comprised of $50 in SLF Canada and $39 (US$30) in SLF U.S. The transfer of interest on seed capital is included as a reduction in Participating policyholders’ net income (loss) and an increase in Shareholders’ net income (loss) totaling $110, on a pre- and post-tax basis, comprised of $75 in SLF Canada and $35 (US$28) in SLF U.S. At the time of demutualization, OSFI required shareholders to transfer seed capital into the participating account to support participating insurance policies sold after demutualization. It was anticipated that over time the seed capital would no longer be needed and that the seed capital and accumulated interest would be returned to the shareholders, subject to OSFI’s approval. The transfer has no impact on regulatory capital requirements, and will have no adverse impact on the policy dividends or security of benefits of participating policyholders.

 

11. Segregated Funds

11.A Investments for Account of Segregated Fund Holders

The carrying value of investments held for segregated fund holders are as follows:

 

As at    September 30,
2018
     December 31,
2017
 

Segregated and mutual fund units

   $ 94,353      $ 91,637  

Equity securities

     10,066        10,799  

Debt securities

     3,274        3,517  

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term securities

     623        457  

Investment properties

     381        374  

Mortgages

     18        20  

Other assets

     146        147  

Total assets

   $ 108,861      $ 106,951  

Less: Liabilities arising from investing activities

     563        559  

Total investments for account of segregated fund holders

   $     108,298      $     106,392  

 

 

56   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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11.B Changes in Insurance Contracts and Investment Contracts for Account of Segregated Fund Holders

Changes in insurance contracts and investment contracts for account of segregated fund holders are as follows:

 

    Insurance contracts     Investment contracts  
For the three months ended   September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Balances, beginning of period

  $ 101,496     $ 94,967     $ 7,196     $ 7,099  

Additions to segregated funds:

       

Deposits

    2,671       2,214       21       21  

Net transfer (to) from general funds

    (65     (41            

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses)

    (56     381       (105     66  

Other investment income

    603       598       49       45  

Total additions

  $ 3,153     $ 3,152     $ (35   $ 132  

Deductions from segregated funds:

       

Payments to policyholders and their beneficiaries

    2,512       2,240       138       160  

Management fees

    254       239       13       13  

Taxes and other expenses

    67       61       2       1  

Foreign exchange rate movements

    316       297       210       102  

Total deductions

  $ 3,149     $ 2,837     $ 363     $ 276  

Net additions (deductions)

    4       315       (398     (144

Balances, end of period

  $     101,500     $     95,282     $     6,798     $     6,955  

 

    Insurance contracts     Investment contracts  
For the nine months ended   September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Balances, beginning of period

  $ 99,121     $ 90,388     $ 7,271     $ 6,779  

Additions to segregated funds:

       

Deposits

    8,727       8,112       63       66  

Net transfers (to) from general funds

    (156     (56            

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses)

    1,558       3,616       (119     527  

Other investment income

    1,171       1,541       146       134  

Total additions

  $ 11,300     $ 13,213     $ 90     $ 727  

Deductions from segregated funds:

       

Payments to policyholders and their beneficiaries

    7,803       6,977       469       474  

Management fees

    754       717       44       39  

Taxes and other expenses

    202       193       4       8  

Foreign exchange rate movements

    162       432       46       30  

Total deductions

  $ 8,921     $ 8,319     $ 563     $ 551  

Net additions (deductions)

    2,379       4,894       (473     176  

Balances, end of period

  $     101,500     $     95,282     $     6,798     $     6,955  

 

12. Commitments, Guarantees and Contingencies

Guarantees of Sun Life Assurance Preferred Shares and Subordinated Debentures

SLF Inc. has provided a guarantee on the $150 of 6.30% subordinated debentures due 2028 issued by Sun Life Assurance. Claims under this guarantee will rank equally with all other subordinated indebtedness of SLF Inc. SLF Inc. has also provided a subordinated guarantee of the preferred shares issued by Sun Life Assurance from time to time, other than such preferred shares which are held by SLF Inc. and its affiliates. Sun Life Assurance has no outstanding preferred shares subject to the guarantee. As a result of these guarantees, Sun Life Assurance is entitled to rely on exemptive relief from most continuous disclosure and the certification requirements of Canadian securities laws.

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   57


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The following tables set forth certain consolidating summary financial information for SLF Inc. and Sun Life Assurance (consolidated):

 

Results for the three months ended   SLF Inc.
(unconsolidated)
    Sun Life
Assurance
(consolidated)
   

Other

subsidiaries

of SLF Inc.
(combined)

    Consolidation
adjustment
    SLF Inc.
(consolidated)
 

September 30, 2018

         

Revenue

  $ 91     $         4,872     $       1,113     $          (78   $         5,998  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $         591     $ 719     $ (177   $ (542   $ 591  

September 30, 2017

         

Revenue

  $ 107     $ 4,041     $ 1,674     $ (267   $ 5,555  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 841     $ 643     $ 135     $ (778   $ 841  

 

Results for the nine months ended   SLF Inc.
(unconsolidated)
    Sun Life
Assurance
(consolidated)
   

Other

subsidiaries

of SLF Inc.
(combined)

    Consolidation
adjustment
    SLF Inc.
(consolidated)
 

September 30, 2018

         

Revenue

  $ 276     $       15,523     $       3,058     $ (40   $       18,817  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $       2,013     $ 1,701     $ 159     $       (1,860   $ 2,013  

September 30, 2017

         

Revenue

  $ 335     $ 16,265     $ 5,232     $ (1,146   $ 20,686  

Shareholders’ net income (loss)

  $ 2,012     $ 1,470     $ 350     $ (1,820   $ 2,012  

 

Assets and liabilities as at   SLF Inc.
(unconsolidated)
    Sun Life
Assurance
(consolidated)
   

Other

subsidiaries

of SLF Inc.
(combined)

    Consolidation
adjustment
    SLF Inc.
(consolidated)
 

September 30, 2018

         

Invested assets

  $     21,740     $     138,679     $ 6,365     $ (21,202   $     145,582  

Total other general fund assets

  $ 9,282     $ 21,264     $     17,103     $     (30,792   $ 16,857  

Investments for account of segregated fund holders

  $     $ 108,244     $ 54     $     $ 108,298  

Insurance contract liabilities

  $     $ 117,638     $ 7,964     $ (8,122   $ 117,480  

Investment contract liabilities

  $     $ 3,137     $     $     $ 3,137  

Total other general fund liabilities

  $ 8,188     $ 22,218     $ 12,979     $ (25,199   $ 18,186  

December 31, 2017

         

Invested assets

  $ 23,382     $ 138,145     $ 6,531     $ (21,919   $ 146,139  

Total other general fund assets

  $ 7,530     $ 21,437     $ 17,152     $ (29,538   $ 16,581  

Investments for account of segregated fund holders

  $     $ 106,341     $ 51     $     $ 106,392  

Insurance contract liabilities

  $     $ 118,003     $ 8,234     $ (8,452   $ 117,785  

Investment contract liabilities

  $     $ 3,082     $     $     $ 3,082  

Total other general fund liabilities

  $ 8,591     $ 21,558     $ 12,822     $ (24,089   $ 18,882  

 

 

58   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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13. Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Details of the calculation of the net income (loss) and the weighted average number of shares used in the earnings per share computations are as follows:

 

    For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
     September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
    September 30,
2018
    September 30,
2017
 

Common shareholders’ net income (loss) for basic earnings per share

  $ 567     $ 817     $ 1,942     $ 1,942  

Add: increase in income due to convertible instruments(1)

    3       3       8       8  

Common shareholders’ net income (loss) on a diluted basis

  $ 570     $ 820     $     1,950     $     1,950  

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding for basic earnings per share (in millions)

    606       613       608       613  

Add: dilutive impact of stock options(2) (in millions)

    1       1       1       1  

Add: dilutive impact of convertible instruments(1) (in millions)

    4       5       4       4  

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding on a diluted basis (in millions)

    611       619       613       618  

Basic earnings (loss) per share

  $     0.94     $     1.33     $ 3.19     $ 3.17  

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

  $ 0.93     $ 1.32     $ 3.18     $ 3.16  

 

(1)  

The convertible instruments are the Sun Life ExchangEable Capital Securities (“SLEECS”) – Series B issued by Sun Life Capital Trust.

(2) 

Excludes the impact of 1 million stock options for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 because these stock options were antidilutive for the period (1 million and nil for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively).

 

14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, are as follows:

 

    For the three months ended
September 30, 2018
   

For the three months ended

September 30, 2017

 
     Balance,
beginning
of period
    Other
comprehensive
income (loss)
    Balance,
end of
period
    Balance,
beginning
of period
    Other
comprehensive
income (loss)
    Other     Balance,
end of
period
 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income:

             

Unrealized foreign currency translation gains (losses), net of hedging activities

  $ 1,465     $ (315   $     1,150     $ 1,330     $ (471   $     $ 859  

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale assets

    63       (88     (25     340       (79           261  

Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges

    (13     (2     (15     (14     3             (11

Share of other comprehensive income (loss) in joint ventures and associates

    (55     (72     (127     (22     (33           (55

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income:

             

Remeasurement of defined benefit plans

    (258     11       (247     (347     93             (254

Revaluation surplus on transfers to investment properties

    145             145       145                   145  

Total

  $ 1,347     $ (466   $ 881     $ 1,432     $ (487   $     $ 945  

Total attributable to:

             

Participating policyholders

  $ 12     $ (1   $ 11     $ 12     $ (4   $     $ 8  

Shareholders

    1,335       (465     870       1,420       (483           937  

Total

  $     1,347     $     (466   $ 881     $     1,432     $     (487   $     –     $      945  

 

 

CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   59


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    For the nine months ended
September 30, 2018
   

For the nine months ended

September 30, 2017

 
     Balance,
beginning
of period
    Other
comprehensive
income (loss)
   

Balance,

end of
period

    Balance,
beginning
of period
    Other
comprehensive
income (loss)
    Other    

Balance,

end of
period

 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income:

             

Unrealized foreign currency translation gains (losses), net of hedging activities

  $ 1,012     $ 138     $     1,150     $ 1,749     $ (890   $     $ 859  

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale assets

    346       (371     (25     211       50             261  

Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges

    (11     (4     (15     (6     (5           (11

Share of other comprehensive income (loss) in joint ventures and associates

    (31     (96     (127           (55           (55

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income:

             

Remeasurement of defined benefit plans

    (347     100       (247     (291     24       13 (1)       (254

Revaluation surplus on transfers to investment properties

    145             145       6       139             145  

Total

  $ 1,114     $ (233   $ 881     $ 1,669     $ (737   $ 13       945  

Total attributable to:

             

Participating policyholders

  $ 9     $ 2     $ 11     $ 16     $ (8   $     $ 8  

Shareholders

    1,105       (235     870       1,653       (729     13       937  

Total

  $     1,114     $     (233   $ 881     $     1,669     $     (737   $     13     $      945  

 

(1)  

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company transferred cumulative remeasurement losses of $13 from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings as a result of the termination and complete settlement of the defined benefit pension plan of a U.S. subsidiary within the SLF Asset Management segment.

 

15. Legal and Regulatory Proceedings

We are regularly involved in legal actions, both as a defendant and as a plaintiff. Legal actions naming us as a defendant ordinarily involve our activities as a provider of insurance protection and wealth management products, as an investor and investment advisor, and as an employer. In addition, government and regulatory bodies in Canada, the U.S., the U.K., and Asia, including federal, provincial, and state securities and insurance regulators and government authorities, from time to time, make inquiries and require the production of information or conduct examinations or investigations concerning our compliance with insurance, securities, and other laws.

Provisions for legal proceedings related to insurance contracts, such as for disability and life insurance claims and the cost of litigation, are included in Insurance contract liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Other provisions are established outside of the Insurance contract liabilities if, in the opinion of management, it is both probable that a payment will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Management reviews the status of all proceedings on an ongoing basis and exercises judgment in resolving them in such manner as management believes to be in our best interest.

Two class action lawsuits have been filed against Sun Life Assurance in connection with sales practices relating to, and the administration of, individual policies issued by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (“MLIC”). These policies were assumed by Clarica when Clarica acquired the bulk of MLIC’s Canadian operations in 1998 and subsequently assumed by Sun Life Assurance as a result of its amalgamation with Clarica. One of the lawsuits (Fehr et al v Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada) is issued in Ontario and the other (Alamwala v Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada) is in British Columbia. In the Fehr action, the motions judge dismissed the plaintiff’s motion for certification in its entirety by way of a two-part decision released on November 12, 2015 and December 7, 2016. The plaintiffs appealed and, in a decision released on September 5, 2018, the Ontario Court of Appeal overturned part of the lower court’s decision and certified three alleged breach of contract claims related to the policies. Sun Life Assurance is seeking leave to appeal this decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. The other action (Alamwala v Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada) has remained largely dormant since it was commenced in 2011 and has not been certified. We will continue to vigorously defend against the claims in these actions. In connection with the acquisition of the Canadian operations of MLIC, MLIC agreed to indemnify Clarica for certain losses, including those incurred relating to the sales of its policies. Should either of the Fehr or the Alamwala lawsuits result in a loss, Sun Life Assurance will seek recourse against MLIC under that indemnity through arbitration.

Management does not believe that the probable conclusion of any current legal or regulatory matter, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position or results of operations of the Company.

 

 

60   Sun Life Financial Inc.    Third Quarter 2018   CONDENSED NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)


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Corporate and Shareholder Information

 

For information about the Sun Life Financial Group of Companies, corporate news and financial results, please visit sunlife.com.

Corporate Office

Sun Life Financial Inc.

1 York Street

Toronto, Ontario

Canada M5J 0B6

Tel: 416-979-9966

Website: www.sunlife.com

Investor Relations

For financial analysts, portfolio managers and institutional investors requiring information, please contact:

Investor Relations

Fax: 416-979-4080

E-mail: investor.relations@sunlife.com Please note that financial information can also be obtained from www.sunlife.com.

Transfer Agent

For information about your shareholdings, dividends, change in share registration or address, estate transfers, lost certificates, or to advise of duplicate mailings, please contact the Transfer Agent in the country where you reside. If you do not live in any of the countries listed, please contact the Canadian Transfer Agent.

Canada

AST Trust Company (Canada)

P.O. Box 700

Station B

Montreal, Quebec

Canada H3B 3K3

Within North America:

Tel: 1-877-224-1760

Outside of North America:

Tel: 416-682-3865

Fax: 1-888-249-6189

E-mail: sunlifeinquiries@astfinancial.com

Website: www.astfinancial.com/ca-en Shareholders can view their account details using AST Trust Company (Canada)’s Internet service, Investor Central.

Register at

https://ca.astfinancial.com/InvestorCentral

United States

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC

6201 15th Ave.

Brooklyn, NY 11219

Tel: 1-877-224-1760

E-mail: sunlifeinquiries@astfinancial.com

United Kingdom

Link Asset Services

34 Beckenham Road

Beckenham, Kent

United Kingdom BR3 4TU

Tel: +44 (0) 345-602-1587

E-mail: enquiries@linkgroup.co.uk

Philippines

Rizal Commercial Banking

Corporation (RCBC)

RCBC Stock Transfer Processing Section

Ground Floor, West Wing,

GPL (Grepalife) Building,

221 Senator Gil Puyat Avenue

Makati City, Philippines

From Metro Manila: 632-318-8567

From the Provinces: 1-800-1-888-2422

E-mail: rcbcstocktransfer@rcbc.com

Hong Kong

Computershare Hong Kong Investor

Services Limited

17M Floor, Hopewell Centre

183 Queen’s Road East

Wanchai, Hong Kong

Tel: 852-2862-8555

E-mail: hkinfo@computershare.com.hk

Shareholder Services

For shareholder account inquiries, please

contact the Transfer Agent in the country

where you reside, or Shareholder Services:

Fax: 416-598-3121

English E-mail:

shareholderservices@sunlife.com

French E-mail:

servicesauxactionnaires@sunlife.com

2018 Dividend Dates

Common Shares

 

Record Dates   Payment Dates  

March 1, 2018

    March 29, 2018  

May 30, 2018

    June 29, 2018  

August 29, 2018

    September 28, 2018  

November 28, 2018

    December 31, 2018  
         

Direct deposit of dividends

Common shareholders residing in Canada or the U.S. may have their dividend payments deposited directly into their bank account.

The Request for Electronic Payment of Dividends Form is available for downloading from the AST Trust Company (Canada) website, www.astfinancial.com/ca-en, or you can contact AST Trust Company (Canada) to have a form sent to you.

Canadian Dividend Reinvestment

and Share Purchase Plan

Canadian-resident common shareholders can enroll in the Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan. For details visit our website at sunlife.com or contact the Plan Agent, AST Trust Company (Canada) at sunlifeinquiries@astfinancial.com.

Stock Exchange Listings

Sun Life Financial Inc. common shares are listed on the Toronto (TSX), New York (NYSE) and Philippine (PSE) stock exchanges. Ticker Symbol: SLF

Sun Life Financial Inc. Class A Preferred Shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX).

 

Ticker Symbols:

  Series 1 – SLF.PR.A
  Series 2 – SLF.PR.B
  Series 3 – SLF.PR.C
  Series 4 – SLF.PR.D
  Series 5 – SLF.PR.E
  Series 8R – SLF.PR.G
  Series 9QR – SLF.PR.J
  Series 10R – SLF.PR.H
  Series 11QR – SLF.PR.K
 

Series 12R – SLF.PR.I

Normal Course Issuer Bid

A copy of the Notice of Intention to commence the normal course issuer bid is available without charge by contacting the Corporate Secretary’s Department at shareholderservices@sunlife.com.

 

 

CORPORATE AND SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION   Sun Life Financial Inc.   Third Quarter 2018   61


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Life’s brighter under the sun

SUN LIFE FINANCIAL INC.

1 York Street

Toronto, Ontario

Canada M5J 0B6

 

 

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