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Pension Plans and Other Post-Retirement Benefits (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Employee Benefits [Abstract]  
Schedule of benefit obligations in excess of fair value of plan assets
The following tables set forth the status of the defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit plans:
20212020
PensionOther post-retirementTotalPensionOther post-retirementTotal
Change in defined benefit obligations:
Defined benefit obligation, January 1$4,060 $277 $4,337 $3,805 $279 $4,084 
Current service cost59 7 66 58 6 64 
Interest cost98 7 105 110 9 119 
Actuarial losses (gains)(169)(23)(192)278 (1)277 
Benefits paid(192)(15)(207)(184)(14)(198)
Settlements— — — (5)— (5)
Foreign exchange rate movement(20)(1)(21)(2)(2)(4)
Defined benefit obligation, December 31$3,836 $252 $4,088 $4,060 $277 $4,337 
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets, January 1$3,909 $— $3,909 $3,596 $— $3,596 
Administrative expense(1)— (1)(1)— (1)
Interest income on plan assets92 — 92 102 — 102 
Return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest expense)(234)— (234)305 — 305 
Employer contributions94 15 109 97 14 111 
Benefits paid(192)(15)(207)(184)(14)(198)
Settlements— — — (7)— (7)
Foreign exchange rate movement(25)— (25)1 — 1 
Fair value of plan assets, December 31$3,643 $— $3,643 $3,909 $— $3,909 
Amounts recognized on Statement of Financial Position:
Fair value of plan assets$3,643 $— $3,643 $3,909 $— $3,909 
Defined benefit (obligation)(3,836)(252)(4,088)(4,060)(277)(4,337)
Net recognized (liability) asset, December 31$(193)$(252)$(445)$(151)$(277)$(428)
Components of net benefit expense recognized:
Current service cost$59 $7 $66 $58 $6 $64 
Administrative expense1 — 1 1 — 1 
Net interest expense (income)6 7 13 8 9 17 
Settlements— — — 2 — 2 
Other long-term employee benefit losses (gains)— (3)(3)— — — 
Net benefit expense$66 $11 $77 $69 $15 $84 
Remeasurement of net recognized (liability) asset:
Return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest expense)
$(234)$— $(234)$305 $— $305 
Actuarial gains (losses) arising from changes in demographic assumptions2 — 2 (3)2 (1)
Actuarial gains (losses) arising from changes in financial assumptions187 13 200 (278)(19)(297)
   Actuarial gains (losses) arising from experience adjustments (20)7 (13)3 18 21 
Foreign exchange rate movement(3)— (3)— 2 2 
Components of defined benefit costs recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss)$(68)$20 $(48)$27 $3 $30 
Schedule of assumptions used
20212020
Canada %UK %U.S. %Canada %UK %U.S. %
To determine defined benefit obligation at end of year:
Discount rate for pension plans3.00 1.90 3.00 2.70 1.30 2.65 
Rate of compensation increase2.80 n/an/a2.80 n/an/a
Pension increases
0.00-0.05
3.30 n/a0.00-0.052.95 n/a
To determine net benefit expense for year:
Discount rate for pension plans2.70 1.30 2.65 3.00 2.00 3.45 
Rate of compensation increase2.80 n/an/a3.00 n/an/a
Pension increases
0.00-0.05
2.95 n/a
0.00-0.015
2.95 n/a
Health care trend rates:
Initial health care trend rate5.10 n/a0.075.30 n/a6.50 
Ultimate health care trend rate4.00 n/a0.054.00 n/a5.00 
Year ultimate health care trend rate reached2040n/a20252040n/a2025
20212020
CanadaUKU.S.CanadaUKU.S.
Mortality rates:
Life expectancy (in years) for individuals currently at age 65:
Male232322232322
Female252523252523
Life expectancy (in years) at 65 for individuals currently at age 45:
Male242423242523
Female262725262725
Average duration (in years) of pension obligation 16.917.412.217.217.712.7
Schedule of effect of percentage-point changes for sensitives The impact of changes in each key assumption may result in greater than proportional changes in sensitivities.
PensionPost-retirement
benefits
Interest/discount rate sensitivity:(1)
1% decrease
$694 $30 
1% increase
$(550)$(26)
Rate of compensation increase assumption:
1% decrease
$(68)n/a
1% increase
$76 n/a
Health care trend rate assumption:
1% decrease
n/a$(12)
1% increase
n/a$13 
Mortality rates:(2)
10% decrease
$103 $6 
(1)    Represents a parallel shift in interest rates across the entire yield curve, resulting in a change in the discount rate assumption.
(2)    Represents 10% decrease in mortality rates at each age.
Schedule of allocation of plan assets
Composition of fair value of plan assets, December 31:
20212020
Equity investments3 %3 %
Fixed income investments64 %73 %
Real estate investments9 %7 %
Qualifying insurance contract19 %8 %
Other5 %9 %
Total composition of fair value of plan assets100 %100 %
Schedule of expected future benefit contributions and benefit payments
The following tables set forth the expected contributions and expected future benefit payments of the defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit plans:
PensionPost-retirementTotal
Expected contributions for the next 12 months$85 $17 $102 
Expected Future Benefit Payments
202220232024202520262027 to 2031
Pension$153 $159 $160 $167 $172 $910 
Post-retirement16 16 17 17 18 94 
Total$169 $175 $177 $184 $190 $1,004