10-K 1 wlh-12312013x10k.htm 10-K WLH-12.31.2013-10K
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
(Mark One)
ý
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013
OR
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission File Number 001-31625
 
WILLIAM LYON HOMES
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
33-0864902
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor
Newport Beach, California
 
92660
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (949) 833-3600
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate by check mark whether registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES  ý    NO  ¨.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to this
Form 10-K.     ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer
 
¨
 
Accelerated filer
 
¨
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
x  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Smaller reporting company
 
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

As of June 28, 2013, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $387 million based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.



Class of Common Stock
 
 
 
Outstanding at March 17, 2014
Common stock, Class A, par value $0.01
 
 
 
27,348,394

Common stock, Class B, par value $0.01
 
 
 
3,813,844

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
None




WILLIAM LYON HOMES
INDEX
 
 
 
Page No.
PART I
 
 
 
Item 1.
Business
3

 
 
 
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
16

 
 
 
Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
28

 
 
 
Item 2.
Properties
28

 
 
 
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
28

 
 
 
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosure
28

 
PART II
 
 
 
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
29

 
 
 
Item 6.
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data
29

 
 
 
Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
32

 
 
 
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
67

 
 
 
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
67

 
 
 
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
67

 
 
 
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
68

 
 
 
Item 9B.
Other Information
68

 
PART III
 
 
 
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
69

 
 
 
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
78

 
 
 
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
95

 
 
 
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
97

 
 
 
Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
100

 
PART IV
 
 
 
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
101

 
 
 
 
Index to Financial Statements
F-1

 

i


NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Investors are cautioned that certain statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as some statements by the Company in periodic press releases and information included in oral statements or other written statements by the Company are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or which include words such as “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”, “plans”, “believes”, “estimates”, “hopes”, and similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. Such statements may include, but are not limited to, information related to: anticipated operating results; home deliveries; financial resources and condition; changes in revenues; changes in profitability; changes in margins; changes in accounting treatment; cost of revenues; selling, general and administrative expenses; interest expense; inventory write-downs; unrecognized tax benefits; anticipated tax refunds; sales paces and prices; effects of home buyer cancellations; growth and expansion; joint ventures in which we are involved; the ability to acquire land and pursue real estate opportunities; the ability to gain approvals and open new communities; the ability to sell homes and properties; the ability to deliver homes from backlog; the ability to secure materials and subcontractors; the ability to produce the liquidity and capital necessary to expand and take advantage of opportunities; and legal proceedings and claims. Forward-looking statements are based upon expectations and projections about future events and are subject to assumptions, risks and uncertainties about, among other things, the Company, economic and market factors and the homebuilding industry.
Actual events and results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. While it is impossible to identify all such factors, factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those estimated by us include, but are not limited to, worsening in general economic conditions either nationally or in regions in which we operate, worsening in markets for residential housing, decline in real estate values resulting in further impairment of our real estate assets, volatility in the banking industry and credit markets, terrorism or other hostilities involving the United States, whether an ownership change occurred that could, under certain circumstances, have resulted in the limitation of our ability to offset prior years’ taxable income with net operating losses, changes in mortgage and other interest rates, changes in generally accepted accounting principles or interpretations of those principles, changes in prices of homebuilding materials, the availability of labor and homebuilding materials, adverse weather conditions, the occurrence of events such as landslides, soil subsidence and earthquakes that are uninsurable, not economically insurable or not subject to effective indemnification agreements, changes in governmental laws and regulations, inability to comply with financial and other covenants under our debt instruments, whether we are able to refinance the outstanding balances of our debt obligations at their maturity, anticipated tax refunds, limitations on our ability to utilize our tax attributes, limitations on our ability to reverse any remaining portion of our valuation allowance with respect to our deferred tax assets, the timing of receipt of regulatory approvals and the opening of projects, the impact of construction defect, product liability and home warranty claims, including the adequacy of self-insurance accruals, and the applicability and sufficiency of our insurance coverage, and the availability and cost of land for future development. These and other risks and uncertainties are more fully described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” as well as those factors or conditions described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” in each case in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 and in subsequent filings with the SEC incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Our past performance or past or present economic conditions in our housing markets are not indicative of future performance or conditions. Investors are urged not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. In addition, we undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or changes to projections over time unless required by federal securities laws.

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PART I
 
Item 1.
Business
Overview
William Lyon Homes, a Delaware Corporation, which we refer to herein as "Parent" and together with its subsidiaries, the "Company", is one of the largest Western regional homebuilders, and is primarily engaged in the design, construction and sale of single family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado (under the Village Homes brand). Since the founding of the Company’s predecessor in 1956, the Company and its joint ventures have sold over 76,000 homes.
The Company conducts its homebuilding operations through five reportable operating segments (Southern California, Northern California, Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado). For the year ended December 31, 2013, approximately 33% of the home closings of the Company and its joint ventures were derived from its California operations. For the year ended December 31, 2013 the Company had revenues from home sales of $521.3 million and delivered 1,360 homes. For the year ended December 31, 2012, which includes the “Predecessor” entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the “Successor” entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, or the 2012 Period, on a consolidated basis, which includes results from all five reportable operating segments, 45% of home closings were derived from our California operations. In the 2012 Period, the Company had revenues from home sales of $261.3 million and delivered 950 homes.
The Company acquired Village Homes of Denver, Colorado, on December 7, 2012, which marked the beginning of the Colorado segment. Financial data included herein as of December 31, 2012, and for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, includes operations of the Colorado segment from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012.
The Company designs, constructs and sells a wide range of homes designed to meet the specific needs of each of its markets, although it primarily emphasizes sales to the entry-level and first time move-up home buyer markets. As of December 31, 2013, the Company marketed its homes through 32 sales locations. In 2013, the average sales price for consolidated homes delivered was $383,300. Base sales prices for actively selling projects in 2013, including affordable projects, ranged from $140,000 to $1,315,000.
The Company had total operating revenues of $572.5 million, $398.3 million, and $226.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively. Homes closed by the Company, including its joint ventures, were 1,360, 950, and 614 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively. The Company’s dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as of December 31, 2013 was $199.5 million, a 73% increase compared to $115.4 million as of December 31, 2012, which was a 294% increase from the $29.3 million as of December 31, 2011. The cancellation rate of buyers who contracted to buy a home but did not close escrow was approximately 17% during the year ended December 31, 2013 and 14% during the year ended December 31, 2012.
During the year ended December 31, 2013, certain of the Company’s markets improved significantly in sales absorption rates and new home orders per average sales location.
In Southern California, net new home orders per average sales location increased 57% to 65.9 during the year ended December 31, 2013 from 41.8 for the same period in 2012. The cancellation rate in Southern California decreased to 9% during the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 15% during the year ended December 31, 2012.
In Northern California, net new home orders per average sales location increased 9% to 68.0 during the year ended December 31, 2013 from 62.7 for the same period in 2012. In Northern California, the cancellation rate remained constant at 23% during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
In Arizona, net new home orders per average sales location decreased to 56.5 during the year ended December 31, 2013 from 138.3 for the same period in 2012. In Arizona, the cancellation rate increased to 19% during the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 10% during the year ended December 31, 2012.
In Nevada, net new home orders per average sales location increased to 45.2 during the year ended December 31, 2013 from 44.7 during the same period in 2012. In Nevada, the cancellation rate increased to 20% during the year ended December 31, 2013 from 14% during the year ended December 31, 2012.
In Colorado, there were 115 net new home orders during the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to nine net new home orders during the period from December 7, 2012 through December 31, 2012. During the year ended December 31, 2013, Colorado averaged four sales locations, resulting in 28.8 net new homes orders per average sales

3


location. Colorado had five sales locations during the period from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012. In Colorado, the cancellation rate was 20% during the year ended December 31, 2013 and 10% during the period from December 7, 2012 through December 31, 2012.
Initial Public Offering
On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $163.7 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 190,000,000 shares, 150,000,000 of which are designated as Class A Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, or the Class A Common Stock, 30,000,000 of which are designated as Class B Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, or the Class B Common Stock, and 10,000,000 of which are designated as preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share.
In connection with the initial public offering, Parent completed a common stock recapitalization, or the Common Stock Recapitalization, which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock, or the Class A Reverse Split, the conversion of all the outstanding shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, or the Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, or the Class D Common Stock, and Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, or the Convertible Preferred Stock, into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. The effect of the reverse stock split is retroactively applied to the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit), presented herein. Unless otherwise specified, all other information presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K gives effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization. Upon completion of the initial public offering, Parent had 27,146,036 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and restricted shares that have been granted but were unvested, and 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares underlying a warrant to purchase 1,907,550 additional shares of Class B Common Stock. The warrant was amended in May 2013 to extend the term from five years to ten years, and the warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022. The change to the warrant had no corresponding impact on the financial statements.
Chapter 11 Reorganization
On December 19, 2011, Parent and certain of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions, or the Chapter 11 Petitions, in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, or the Bankruptcy Court, to seek approval of the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization, or the Plan, of Parent and certain of its subsidiaries. The Chapter 11 Petitions were jointly administered under the caption In re William Lyon Homes, et al., Case No. 11-14019, or the Chapter 11 Cases. The sole purpose of the Chapter 11 Cases was to restructure the debt obligations and strengthen the balance sheet of Parent and certain of its subsidiaries.
On February 10, 2012, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan. On February 25, 2012, Parent and its subsidiaries consummated the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, including:
the issuance of 5,429,485 shares of Parent’s new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Class A Common Stock, and $75 million aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017, or the Notes, issued by Parent’s wholly-owned subsidiary, William Lyon Homes, Inc., or California Lyon, in exchange for the claims held by the holders of an aggregate outstanding amount of $299.1 million of the formerly outstanding notes of California Lyon (neither Parent nor California Lyon received any net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes);
the amendment of California Lyon’s loan agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders, or the Amended Term Loan, which resulted, among other things, in the increase in the principal amount outstanding under the loan agreement from $206 million to $235 million, the reduction in the interest rate payable under the loan agreement, and the elimination of any prepayment penalty under the loan agreement;
the issuance, in exchange for cash and land deposits of $25 million, of 3,813,884 shares of Parent’s new Class B Common Stock, and a warrant to purchase 1,907,551 shares of Class B Common Stock;

4


the issuance of 7,858,404 shares of Parent’s new Convertible Preferred Stock, and 1,571,681 shares of Parent’s new Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Class C Common Stock, in exchange for aggregate cash consideration of $60 million; and
the issuance of an additional 381,091 shares of Class C Common Stock to Luxor Capital Group LP, or Luxor, as a transaction fee in consideration for providing the backstop commitment of the offering of shares of Class C shares and shares of Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan.
Principal Holders of Debt and Equity Issued In Connection with the Plan
Immediately prior to the consummation of the Plan, Luxor held $135.8 million in aggregate principal amount of California Lyon’s formerly outstanding prepetition notes, or the Prepetition Notes. In connection with the consummation of the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, entities affiliated with Luxor acquired (i) 2,597,228 shares of Parent’s Class A Common Stock (47.8% of the then outstanding Class A Common Stock) and $35.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in connection with the Plan in exchange for the Prepetition Notes held by Luxor, (ii) 1,491,132 shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock (76.4% of the then outstanding Class C Common Stock) for approximately $9.5 million in cash consideration, and (iii) 7,455,661 shares of Parent’s Convertible Preferred Stock (94.9% of the then outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock) for aggregate cash consideration of approximately $47.4 million. Luxor received an additional 3,144,000 shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock (19.5% of the then outstanding Class C Common Stock) as a transaction fee in consideration for providing the backstop commitment of the offering of shares of Class C Common Stock and shares of Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan. As of March 17, 2014, Luxor holds approximately 18.3% of the total voting power of Parent’s outstanding capital stock.
Immediately prior to the consummation of the Plan, General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, or the Lyons, collectively held 100% of Parent’s then outstanding capital stock and The William Harwell Lyon Separate Property Trust, or the Lyon Trust, of which William H. Lyon is the trustee, separately held approximately $153,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Prepetition Notes. In connection with the recapitalization of Parent upon consummation of the Plan, Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, or Lyon LLC, which is now managed by William H. Lyon and held for the benefit of William H. Lyon, acquired 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock (100% of Parent’s outstanding Class B Common Stock) and a warrant to purchase an additional 1,907,550 shares of Class B Common Stock for aggregate cash consideration of $25 million. The Lyon Trust separately acquired 2,933 shares of Parent’s Class A Common Stock (less than 1% of the then outstanding Class A Common Stock) and $40,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued in connection with the Plan in exchange for the Prepetition Notes held by the Lyon Trust. Lyon LLC’s Class B Common Stock holdings, assuming exercise in full of the warrant, and the Class A Common Stock holdings of the Lyon Trust and William H. Lyon collectively provide such holders with 50.8% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock as of March 17, 2014. Throughout the reorganization process, General William Lyon served as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and chairman of its board of directors and William H. Lyon served as the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer and a member of its board of directors. General William Lyon currently serves as the Company's Executive Chairman and chairman of its board of directors and William H. Lyon currently serves as the Company's Chief Executive Officer and a member of its board of directors.
Events leading to Chapter 11 Reorganization
Prior to filing the Chapter 11 Petitions, California Lyon was in default under its prepetition loan agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders, or the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement, due to its failure to comply with certain financial covenants in the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement. In addition, the Company became increasingly uncertain of its ability to repay or refinance its then outstanding 7 5/8% Senior Notes when they matured on December 15, 2012. Beginning in April 2010, California Lyon entered into a series of amendments and temporary waivers with the lenders under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement related to these defaults, which prevented acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement and enabled the Company to negotiate a financial reorganization to be implemented through the bankruptcy process with its key constituents prior to the Chapter 11 Petitions.
The Company’s principal executive offices are located at 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660 and its telephone number is (949) 833-3600. The Company was incorporated in the State of Delaware on July 15, 1999.

The Company’s Markets
The Company is currently operating in five reportable operating segments: Southern California, Northern California, Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado. Each of the segments has responsibility for the management of the Company’s homebuilding and development operations within its geographic boundaries.

5


The following table sets forth homebuilding revenue from each of the Company’s homebuilding segments for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011 (in thousands):
 
 
Successor (1)
 
 
Predecessor (1)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Period From
February 25,
through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period From
January 1,
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
2013
 
2011
Southern California (2)
$
214,559

 
$
99,671

 
 
$
5,640

 
$
110,969

Northern California (3)
47,930

 
54,207

 
 
4,250

 
54,141

Arizona (4)
110,397

 
47,989

 
 
4,316

 
20,074

Nevada (5)
78,148

 
37,307

 
 
2,481

 
21,871

Colorado (6)
70,276

 
5,436

 
 

 

 
$
521,310

 
$
244,610

 
 
$
16,687

 
$
207,055

 
(1)
Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after February 25, 2012, or the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Plan; and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. All of the required information related to each operating segment is reflected in Note 6 in the accompanying financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from January 1 through February 24, 2012, period from February 25 through December 31, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively.
(2)
The Southern California Segment consists of operations in Orange, Los Angeles, and San Diego counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660. The operating segment is led by a California Region President.
(3)
The Northern California Segment consists of operations in Alameda, Contra Costa, and San Joaquin counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 4000 Executive Parkway, Suite 250, San Ramon, CA 94583. The operating segment is led by a division president and a California Region President.
(4)
The Arizona Segment consists of operations in the Phoenix metropolitan area. The offices are located in a leased office building at 8840 E. Chaparral Road, Suite 200, Scottsdale, AZ 85250. The operating segment is led by a division president.
(5)
The Nevada Segment consists of operations in Clark and Nye counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 500 Pilot Road, Suite G, Las Vegas, NV 89119. The operating segment is led by a division president.
(6)
The Colorado Segment consists of operations in Douglas, Grand, Jefferson, and Larimer counties. The offices are located in a leased office building at 8480, East Orchard Road, Suite 1000, Greenwood Village, CO 80111. The operating segment is led by a division president.
Strategy and Lot Position
The Company and its consolidated joint ventures owned approximately 10,901 lots and had options to purchase an additional 2,846 lots as of December 31, 2013. As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, “entitled” land has a development agreement and/or vesting tentative map, or a final recorded plat or map from the appropriate county or city government. Development agreements and vesting tentative maps generally provide for the right to develop the land in accordance with the provisions of the development agreement or vesting tentative map unless an issue arises concerning health, safety or general welfare. The Company’s sources of developed lots for its homebuilding operations are (1) purchase of smaller projects with shorter life cycles (merchant homebuilding) and (2) development of master-planned communities.
The Company will continue to utilize its current inventory of lots and future land acquisitions to conduct its operating strategy, which consists of:
focusing on high growth core markets near employment centers or transportation corridors;

6


identifying future land positions to grow the business;
acquiring strong land positions through disciplined acquisition strategies;
maintaining a low cost structure; and
leveraging an experienced management team.
Land Acquisition and Development
The Company estimates that its current inventory of lots owned and controlled is sufficient to supply the vast majority of its projected future home closings for the next three years and a portion of future home closings for a multi-year period thereafter.
To manage the risks associated with land ownership and development, the Company has a Corporate Land Committee. Members are the Executive Chairman, CEO, President and COO (Chairman of the Land Committee), VP & CFO and SVP of Finance and Acquisition. As potential land acquisitions are being analyzed, the Corporate Land Committee must approve all purchases. The Company’s long-term strategy consists of the following elements:
completing due diligence prior to committing to acquire land;
reviewing the status of entitlements and other governmental processing to mitigate zoning and other development risk;
focusing on land as a component of a home’s cost structure, rather than on the land’s speculative value;
limiting land acquisition size to reduce investment levels in any one project where possible;
utilizing option, joint venture and other non-capital intensive structures to control land where feasible;
funding land acquisitions whenever possible with non-recourse seller financing;
employing centralized control of approval over all land transactions;
homebuilding operations in the western region of the United States, particularly in the Company’s long established markets of California, Arizona, Nevada and more recently, Colorado; and
diversifying with respect to markets and product types.

Prior to committing to the acquisition of land, the Company conducts feasibility studies covering pertinent aspects of the proposed commitment. These studies may include a variety of elements from technical aspects such as title, zoning, soil and seismic characteristics, to marketing studies that review population and employment trends, schools, transportation access, buyer profiles, sales forecasts, projected profitability, cash requirements, and assessment of political risk and other factors. Prior to acquiring land, the Company considers assumptions concerning the needs of the targeted customer and determines whether the underlying land price enables the Company to meet those needs at an affordable price. Before purchasing land, the Company attempts to project the commencement of construction and sales over a reasonable time period. The Company utilizes outside architects and consultants, under close supervision, to help review acquisitions and design products.
Homebuilding and Market Strategy
The Company currently has a wide variety of product lines which enables it to meet the specific needs of each of its markets. Although the Company emphasizes sales to the entry-level, first time move-up and second time move-up home markets, it believes that a diversified product strategy enables it to best serve a wide range of buyers and adapt quickly to a variety of market conditions. In order to reduce exposure to local market conditions, the Company’s sales locations are geographically dispersed.
Because the decision as to which product to develop is based on the Company’s assessment of market conditions and the restrictions imposed by government regulations, home styles and sizes vary from project to project. The Company generally standardizes and limits the number of home designs within any given product line. This standardization permits on-site mass production techniques and bulk purchasing of materials and components, thus enabling the Company to better control and sometimes reduce construction costs and home construction cycles.
The Company contracts with a number of architects and other consultants who are involved in the design process of the Company’s homes. Designs are constrained by zoning requirements, building codes, energy efficiency laws and local

7


architectural guidelines, among other factors. Engineering, landscaping, master-planning and environmental impact analysis work are subcontracted to independent firms which are familiar with local requirements.
Substantially all construction work is done by subcontractors with the Company acting as the general contractor. The Company manages subcontractor activities with on-site supervisory employees and management control systems. The Company does not have long-term contractual commitments with its subcontractors or suppliers; instead it contracts development work by project and where possible by phase size of 10 to 20 home sites. The Company generally has been able to obtain sufficient materials and subcontractors during times of material shortages. The Company believes its relationships with its suppliers and subcontractors are in good standing.
Description of Projects and Communities Under Development
The Company’s homebuilding projects usually take two to five years to develop. The following table presents project information relating to each of the Company’s homebuilding operating segments as of December 31, 2013 and only includes projects with lots owned as of December 31, 2013, lots consolidated in accordance with certain accounting principles as of December 31, 2013 or homes closed for the year ended December 31, 2013. The following table includes certain information that is forward-looking or predictive in nature and is based on expectations and projections about future events. Such information is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from those expressed or forecast in the table below. See "NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS" included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 

8



Project (County or City)
Year of
First
Delivery
 
Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion
(1)
 
Cumulative Homes Closed as of December 31, 2013 (2)
 
Backlog at
December 31,
2013 (3) (4)
 
Lots Owned
as of
December 31,
2013 (5)
 
Homes Closed for the Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Sales
Price
Range (6)
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Orange County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Irvine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agave
2013
 
96

 
15

 
26

 
81

 
15

 
$ 525,000 -  615,000
Lyon Branches (7)
2013
 
48

 
34

 
13

 
14

 
34

 
$ 1,035,000 -  1,200,000
Willow Bend
2013
 
58

 
33

 
18

 
25

 
33

 
$ 1,145,000 -  1,315,000
Lyon Whistler (7)
2013
 
83

 
6

 
17

 
77

 
6

 
$ 890,000 -  990,000
Orange
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Covenant Hills
2015
 
14

 

 

 
14

 

 
$ 2,500,000 -  2,650,000
Rancho Mission Viejo
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lyon Cabanas
2013
 
97

 
16

 
14

 
81

 
16

 
$ 346,000 - 440,000
Lyon Villas
2013
 
96

 
13

 
24

 
83

 
13

 
$ 419,000 - 493,000
Los Angeles County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hawthorne
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
360 South Bay (8):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Flats
2010
 
188

 
145

 
10

 
43

 
66

 
$ 399,000 -  579,000
The Courts
2010
 
118

 
118

 

 

 
6

 
(11)
The Rows
2012
 
94

 
53

 
7

 
41

 
41

 
$ 528,000 -  715,000
The Lofts
2013
 
9

 
7

 
1

 
2

 
7

 
$440,000
The Gardens
2013
 
12

 
12

 

 

 
12

 
(11)
The Townes
2013
 
96

 
16

 
10

 
80

 
16

 
$ 585,000 -  695,000
The Terraces
2014
 
93

 

 
6

 
93

 

 
$ 700,000 -  830,000
Azusa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rosedale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gardenia
2011
 
81

 
81

 

 

 
33

 
(11)
Sage Court
2011
 
64

 
64

 

 

 
3

 
(11)
San Diego County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Escondido
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contempo
2013
 
84

 
23

 
11

 
61

 
23

 
$ 274,000 -  326,000
San Diego
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Atrium
2014
 
80

 

 
12

 
80

 

 
$ 355,000 -  450,000
Riverside County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Riverside
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SkyRidge
2014
 
100

 

 

 
100

 

 
$ 500,000 -  542,000
San Bernardino County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Yucaipa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cedar Glen
2015
 
143

 

 

 
143

 

 
$ 274,000 -  285,000
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA TOTAL
 
 
1,654

 
636

 
169

 
1,018

 
324

 
 

Project (County or City)
Year of
First
Delivery
 
Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion
(1)
 
Cumulative Homes Closed as of December 31, 2013 (2)
 
Backlog at
December 31,
2013 (3) (4)
 
Lots Owned
as of
December 31,
2013 (5)
 
Homes Closed for the Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Sales
Price
Range (6)
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA
Alameda County
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Newark:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Villages I
2015
 
115

 

 

 
115

 

 
$ 500,000 -  588,000
Villages II
2015
 
138

 

 

 
138

 

 
$ 580,000 -  640,000

9


Villages III
2015
 
106

 

 

 
106

 

 
$ 635,000 -  670,000
Villages IV
2015
 
111

 

 

 
111

 

 
$ 680,000 -  720,000
Villages V
2015
 
77

 

 

 
77

 

 
$ 753,000 -  793,000
Contra Costa County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pittsburgh
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vista Del Mar:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Villages II
2013
 
52

 
7

 
16

 
45

 
7

 
$ 354,000 -  398,000
Vineyard II
2012
 
131

 
67

 
12

 
35

 
62

 
$ 468,000 -  492,000
Brentwood
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Palmilla
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
El Sol (7)
2014
 
49

 

 

 
49

 

 
$ 320,000 -  340,000
Cielo (7)
2014
 
56

 

 

 
56

 
 
 
$ 365,000 -  435,000
Antioch
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oak Crest
2013
 
130

 
3

 
7

 
127

 
3

 
$ 355,000 -  410,000
San Joaquin County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lathrop
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Ranch @ Mossdale Landing
2010
 
168

 
166

 
2

 
2

 
55

 
$ 308,000 -  353,000
Tracy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tracy School Site
2015
 
56

 

 

 
56

 
 .

 
$ 425,000 -  510,000
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA TOTAL. . . . . . . . .
 
 
1,189

 
243

 
37

 
917

 
127

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ARIZONA
Maricopa County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Queen Creek
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hastings Farm
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Villas
2012
 
337

 
234

 
20

 
103

 
182

 
$ 166,000 -  206,000
Manor
2012
 
141

 
131

 
4

 
10

 
99

 
$ 239,000 -  293,000
Estates
2012
 
153

 
81

 
16

 
72

 
75

 
$ 293,000 -  360,000
Meridian
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Harvest
2015
 
448

 

 

 
448

 

 
$ 193,000 -  224,000
Homestead
2015
 
562

 

 

 
562

 

 
$ 229,000 -  279,000
Harmony
2015
 
505

 

 

 
505

 

 
$ 258,000 -  273,000
Horizons
2015
 
425

 

 

 
425

 

 
$ 304,000 -  334,000
Heritage
2015
 
370

 

 

 
370

 

 
$ 349,000 -  384,000

10


Project (County or City)
Year of
First
Delivery
 
Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion
(1)
 
Cumulative Homes Closed as of December 31, 2013 (2)
 
Backlog at
December 31,
2013 (3) (4)
 
Lots Owned
as of
December 31,
2013 (5)
 
Homes Closed for the Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Sales
Price
Range (6)
Mesa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lehi Crossing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Settlers Landing
2012
 
235

 
43

 
12

 
192

 
39

 
$ 219,000 -  262,000
Wagon Trail
2013
 
244

 
38

 
7

 
206

 
38

 
$ 234,000 -  292,000
Monument Ridge
2013
 
248

 
13

 
4

 
235

 
13

 
$ 256,000 -  333,000
Peoria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Coldwater Ranch
2009
 
23

 
23

 

 

 
2

 
$ 145,000 -  210,000
Agua Fria
2015
 
197

 

 

 
197

 

 
$ 164,000 -  198,000
Surprise
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rancho Mercado
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cluster
2016
 
402

 

 

 
402

 

 
$ 164,000 -  176,000
45s
2016
 
457

 

 

 
457

 

 
$ 178,000 -  219,000
58s
2016
 
239

 

 

 
239

 

 
$ 216,000 -  284,000
63s
2017
 
182

 

 

 
182

 

 
$ 272,000 -  320,000
75s
2017
 
190

 

 

 
190

 

 
$ 359,000 -  407,000
Gilbert
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lyon’s Gate
2016
 
186

 

 

 
186

 

 
$ 209,000 -  219,000
ARIZONA TOTAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 
 
5,939

 
563

 
63

 
5,376

 
448

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NEVADA
Clark County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
North Las Vegas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tierra Este
2013
 
114

 
2

 
4

 
112

 
2

 
$ 205,000 -  230,000
Rhapsody
2014
 
63

 

 
6

 
63

 

 
$ 218,000 -  245,000
Las Vegas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Serenity Ridge
2013
 
108

 
36

 
14

 
72

 
36

 
$ 462,000 -  542,000
Tularosa at Mountain’s Edge .
2011
 
140

 
137

 
2

 
3

 
77

 
$ 227,000 -  269,000
Crossings
2011
 
77

 
77

 

 

 
30

 
(11)
West Park
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Villas
2006
 
191

 
189

 

 
2

 
82

 
$ 207,000 -  238,000
Courtyards
2006
 
113

 
113

 

 

 
21

 
(11)
Mesa Canyon
2013
 
49

 
10

 
16

 
39

 
10

 
$ 290,000 -  310,000
Lyon Estates
2014
 
129

 

 
7

 
129

 

 
$ 470,000 -  525,000
The Fields at Aliente
2011
 
60

 
60

 

 

 
4

 
(11)
Sterling Ridge Grand
2014
 
137

 

 
7

 
27

 

 
$ 698,000 -  754,000
Sterling Ridge Premier
2014
 
62

 

 
13

 
20

 

 
$819,000 -  890,000
Tuscan Cliffs
2014
 
77

 

 

 
77

 

 
$ 718,000 -  768,000






11


Project (County or City)
Year of
First
Delivery
 
Estimated
Number of
Homes at
Completion
(1)
 
Cumulative Homes Closed as of December 31, 2013 (2)
 
Backlog at
December 31,
2013 (3) (4)
 
Lots Owned
as of
December 31,
2013 (5)
 
Homes Closed for the Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Sales
Price
Range (6)
Nye County:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pahrump
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mountain Falls
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Series I
2011
 
211

 
70

 
3

 
141

 
29

 
$ 140,000 -  169,000
Series II
2014
 
218

 

 

 
218

 

 
$ 216,000 -  299,000
Land (9)
N/A
 

 

 

 
1,925

 

 
N/A
NEVADA TOTAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 
 
1,749

 
694

 
72

 
2,828

 
291

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COLORADO
Arapahoe County
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Aurora Southshore
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hometown
2014
 
68

 

 

 
68

 

 
 
Generations
2014
 
64

 

 

 
64

 

 
 
Harmony
2014
 
52

 

 

 
52

 

 
 
Signature
2014
 
37

 

 

 
37

 

 
 
Douglas County
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Castle Rock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Watercolor at The Meadows
2012
 
31

 
31

 

 

 
30

 
(11)
Cliffside
2014
 
49

 

 
6

 
49

 

 
 $ 426,000 -  505,000
Parker
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Idyllwilde
2012
 
42

 
38

 
2

 
4

 
33

 
 $ 368,000 -  415,000
Grand County
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Granby
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Granby Ranch
2012
 
54

 
15

 
1

 
39

 
14

 
 $ 417,000 -  511,000
Jefferson County
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arvada
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Villages of Five Parks
2012
 
49

 
49

 

 

 
44

 
(11)
Candelas
2014
 
66

 

 
18

 
44

 

 
 $ 365,000 -  416,000
Leydon Rock - Garden
2014
 
56

 

 

 
56

 

 
 $ 334,000 -  360,000
Leydon Rock - Park
2014
 
78

 

 

 
78

 

 
 $ 336,000 -  377,000
Larimer County
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fort Collins
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Observatory Village
2012
 
50

 
50

 

 

 
49

 
(11)
Timnath Ranch - Sonnet
2014
 
179

 

 

 
179

 

 
 $ 358,000 -  408,000
Timnath Ranch - Park
2014
 
92

 

 

 
92

 

 
 $ 309,000 -  343,000
COLORADO TOTAL . .
 
 
967

 
183

 
27

 
762

 
170

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GRAND TOTALS. . . . . . .
 
 
11,498

 
2,319

 
368

 
10,901

 
1,360

 
 

(1)
The estimated number of homes to be built at completion is subject to change, and there can be no assurance that the Company will build these homes.
(2)
“Cumulative Homes Closed” represents homes closed since the project opened, and may include prior years, in addition to the homes closed during the current year presented.
(3)
Backlog consists of homes sold under sales contracts that have not yet closed, and there can be no assurance that closings of sold homes will occur.
(4)
Of the total homes subject to pending sales contracts as of December 31, 2013, 308 represent homes completed or under construction.

12


(5)
Lots owned as of December 31, 2013 include lots in backlog at December 31, 2013.
(6)
Sales price range reflects base price only and excludes any lot premium, buyer incentive and buyer selected options, which vary from project to project.
(7)
Project is a joint venture and is consolidated as a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation.
(8)
All or a portion of the lots in this project are not owned as of December 31, 2013. The Company consolidated the purchase price of the lots in accordance with certain accounting rules, and considers the lots owned at December 31, 2013.
(9)
Represents a parcel of undeveloped land held for future sale. The Company does not plan to develop homes on this land, thus the “year of first delivery” and “sales price range” are not applicable.
(10)
Colorado division was acquired on December 7, 2012, as part of the Village Homes Acquisition. Estimated number of homes at completion is the number of homes to be built post-acquisition. Homes closed and year to date orders are from acquisition date through December 31, 2013.
(11)
Project is completely sold out, therefore the sales price range is not applicable as of December 31, 2013.
Sales and Marketing
The management team responsible for a specific project develops marketing objectives, formulates pricing and sales strategies and develops advertising and public relations programs for approval of senior management. The Company makes use of advertising and other promotional activities, including on-line media, brochures, direct mail and the placement of strategically located sign boards in the immediate areas of its developments. In addition, the Company markets all of its products through the internet via email lists and interest lists, as well as its website at www.lyonhomes.com. In general, the Company’s advertising emphasizes each project’s strengths, the quality and value of its products and its reputation in the marketplace.
The Company normally builds, decorates, furnishes and landscapes three to five model homes for each product line and maintains on-site sales offices, which typically are open seven days a week. Management believes that model homes play a particularly important role in the Company’s marketing efforts. Consequently, the Company expends a significant amount of effort in creating an attractive atmosphere at its model homes. Interior decorations vary among the Company’s models and are carefully selected based upon the lifestyles of targeted buyers. Structural changes in design from the model homes are not generally permitted, but home buyers may select various other optional construction and design amenities.
The Company employs in-house commissioned sales personnel to sell its homes. In some cases, outside brokers are also involved in the selling of the Company’s homes. The Company typically engages its sales personnel on a long-term, rather than a project-by-project basis, which it believes results in a more motivated sales force with an extensive knowledge of the Company’s operating policies and products. Sales personnel are trained by the Company and attend weekly meetings to be updated on the availability of financing, construction schedules and marketing and advertising plans.
The Company strives to provide a high level of customer service during the sales process and after a home is sold. The participation of the sales representatives, on-site construction supervisors and the post-closing customer service personnel, working in a team effort, is intended to foster the Company’s reputation for quality and service, and ultimately lead to enhanced customer retention and referrals.
The Company’s homes are typically sold before or during construction through sales contracts which are usually accompanied by a small cash deposit. Such sales contracts are usually subject to certain contingencies such as the buyer’s ability to qualify for financing. The cancellation rate of buyers who contracted to buy a home but did not close escrow at the Company and its joint ventures’ projects was approximately 17% during 2013 and 14% during 2012. Cancellation rates are subject to a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control such as the downturn in the homebuilding industry and current economic conditions. The Company and its joint ventures’ inventory of completed and unsold homes was 70 homes as of December 31, 2013 and 19 homes as of December 31, 2012.
Warranty
The Company provides its homebuyers with a one-year limited warranty covering workmanship and materials. The Company also provides its homebuyers with a limited warranty that covers “construction defects,” as defined in the limited warranty agreement provided to each home buyer, for the length of its legal liability for such defects (which may be up to ten years in some circumstances), as determined by the law of the state in which the Company builds. The limited warranty

13


covering construction defects is transferable to subsequent buyers not under direct contract with the Company and requires that homebuyers agree to the definitions and procedures set forth in the warranty, including the submission of unresolved construction-related disputes to binding arbitration. The Company began providing this type of limited warranty at the end of 2001. In connection with the limited warranty covering construction defects, the Company obtained an insurance policy which expires on December 31, 2016. The Company has been informed by the insurance carrier that this insurance policy will respond to construction defect claims on homes that close during each policy period for the duration of the Company’s legal liability and that the policy will respond, upon satisfaction of the applicable self-insured retention, to potential losses relating to construction, including soil subsidence. The insurance policy provides a single policy of insurance to the Company and the subcontractors enrolled in its insurance program. As a result, the Company is no longer required to obtain proof of insurance from these subcontractors nor be named as an additional insured under their individual insurance policies regarding the subcontractors' general liability policies for work on the Company's projects. The subcontractors still must provide proof of insurance regarding general liability coverage for off-site work, worker's compensation and auto coverage. The Company still requires that subcontractors and design professionals not enrolled in the insurance program provide proof of insurance and name the Company as an additional insured under their insurance policy. Furthermore, the Company generally requires that each subcontractor and design professional agreement provide the Company with an indemnity.
There can be no assurance, however, that the terms and limitations of the limited warranty will be enforceable against the homebuyers, that the Company will be able to renew its insurance coverage or renew it at reasonable rates, that the Company will not be liable for damages, the cost of repairs, and/or the expense of litigation surrounding possible construction defects, soil subsidence or building-related claims or that claims will not arise out of uninsurable events not covered by insurance and not subject to effective indemnification agreements with the Company’s subcontractors and design professionals or that such subcontractors and design professionals will be viable entities at the time of the claim.
Sale of Lots and Land
In the ordinary course of business, the Company continually evaluates land sales and has sold, and expects that it will continue to sell, land as market and business conditions warrant. The Company may also sell both multiple lots to other builders (bulk sales) and improved individual lots for the construction of custom homes where the presence of such homes adds to the quality of the community. In addition, the Company may acquire sites with commercial, industrial and multi-family parcels which will generally be sold to third-party developers.
Customer Financing
The Company seeks to assist its home buyers in obtaining mortgage financing for qualified buyers. Substantially all home buyers utilize long-term mortgage financing to purchase a home and mortgage lenders will usually make loans only to qualified borrowers.
Information Systems and Controls
The Company assigns a high priority to the development and maintenance of its budget and cost control systems and procedures. The Company’s division offices are connected to corporate headquarters through a fully integrated accounting, financial and operational management information system. Through this system, management regularly evaluates the status of its projects in relation to budgets to determine the cause of any variances and, where appropriate, adjusts the Company’s operations to capitalize on favorable variances or to limit adverse financial impacts.
Regulation
The Company and its competitors are subject to various local, state and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning zoning, building design, construction and similar matters, including local regulation which imposes restrictive zoning and density requirements in order to limit the number of homes that can ultimately be built within the boundaries of a particular project. The Company and its competitors may also be subject to periodic delays or may be precluded entirely from developing in certain communities due to building moratoriums or “slow-growth” or “no-growth” initiatives that could be implemented in the future in the states in which it operates. Because the Company usually purchases land with entitlements, the Company believes that the moratoriums would adversely affect the Company only if they arose from unforeseen health, safety and welfare issues such as insufficient water or sewage facilities. Local and state governments also have broad discretion regarding the imposition of development fees for projects in their jurisdiction. However, these are normally locked-in when the Company receives entitlements.
The Company and its competitors are also subject to a variety of local, state and federal statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning protection of health and the environment. The particular environmental laws which apply to any given community vary greatly according to the community site, the site’s environmental conditions and the present and former uses

14


of the site. These environmental laws may result in delays, may cause the Company and its competitors to incur substantial compliance and other costs, and may prohibit or severely restrict development in certain environmentally sensitive regions or areas. The Company’s projects in California are especially susceptible to restrictive government regulations and environmental laws. However, environmental laws have not, to date, had a material adverse impact on the Company’s operations. The Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, California Lyon, is licensed as a general building contractor in California, Arizona and Nevada. In addition, California Lyon holds a corporate real estate license under the California Real Estate Law.
Competition
The homebuilding industry is highly competitive, particularly in the low and medium-price range where the Company currently concentrates its activities. The Company does not believe it has a significant market position in any geographic area which it serves due to the fragmented nature of the market. A number of the Company’s competitors have larger staffs, larger marketing organizations and substantially greater financial resources than those of the Company. However, the Company believes that it competes effectively in its existing markets as a result of its product and geographic diversity, substantial development expertise and its reputation as a low-cost producer of quality homes. Further, the Company sometimes gains a competitive advantage in locations where changing regulations make it difficult for competitors to obtain entitlements and/or government approvals which the Company has already obtained.
Seasonality
The Company’s operations are historically seasonal, with the highest new order activity in the spring and summer, which is impacted by the timing of project openings and competition in surrounding projects, among other factors. In addition, the Company’s home deliveries typically occur in the third and fourth quarter of each fiscal year, based on the construction cycle times of our homes between three and six months. As a result, the Company’s revenues, cash flow and profitability are higher in that same period.
Financing
The Company provides for its ongoing cash requirements principally from internally generated funds from the sales of real estate, outside borrowings and by forming new joint ventures with venture partners that provide a substantial portion of the capital required for certain projects. In addition, the Company makes use of the funds received from certain recent corporate transactions including the Company's initial public offering of equity securities and senior notes offerings.
As of March 21, 2014, California Lyon has outstanding its 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020, certain construction and land seller notes payable, and a letter of credit from its revolver. Parent, California Lyon and their subsidiaries have financed, and may in the future finance, certain project and land acquisitions with construction loans secured by real estate inventories, seller-provided financing, lot option agreements and land banking transactions.
Corporate Organization and Personnel
The Company’s executive officers and divisional presidents average more than 28 years of experience in the homebuilding and development industries within California or the Southwestern United States. The Company combines decentralized management in those aspects of its business where detailed knowledge of local market conditions is important (such as governmental processing, construction, land development and sales and marketing), with centralized management in those functions where the Company believes central control is required (such as approval of land acquisitions, financial, treasury, human resources and legal matters).
As of December 31, 2013, the Company employed 339 full-time and 11 part-time employees, including corporate staff, supervisory personnel of construction projects, warranty service personnel for completed projects, as well as persons engaged in administrative, finance and accounting, engineering, golf course operations, sales and marketing activities.
The Company believes that its relations with its employees have been good. Some employees of the subcontractors the Company utilizes are unionized, but none of the Company’s employees are union members. Although there have been temporary work stoppages in the building trades in the Company’s areas of operation, none has had any material impact upon the Company’s overall operations.
Reports to Stockholders
We will furnish to our stockholders annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm and to make available quarterly reports containing unaudited financial statements for each of the first three quarters of each year.

15


Available Information
The Company’s Internet address is http://www.lyonhomes.com. The Company makes available free of charge on or through its Internet website its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after such material was electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Item 1A.
Risk Factors
An investment in the Company entails the following risks and uncertainties. These risk factors should be carefully considered when evaluating any investment in the Company. Any of these risks and uncertainties could cause the actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements set forth herein, and could otherwise have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, please read “Note About Forward-Looking Statements” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, where we describe additional uncertainties associated with our business and the forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Risks Related to Our Business
Adverse changes in general economic conditions or conditions in our industry could reduce the demand for homes and, as a result, could negatively impact the Company’s results of operations.
The homebuilding industry is cyclical and highly sensitive to changes in economic conditions such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, availability of financing and interest rate levels. The national recession, credit market disruption, high unemployment levels, the absence of home price stability, and the decreased availability of mortgage financing, among other factors, have adversely impacted the homebuilding industry and our operations and financial condition over the last several years. Although the housing market appears to be recovering in most of the geographies in which we operate, we cannot predict the pace or scope of the recovery. If market conditions deteriorate or do not improve as anticipated, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely impacted.
These changes may occur on a national scale or may acutely affect some of the regions or markets in which we operate more than others. An oversupply of alternatives to new homes, including foreclosed homes, homes held for sale by investors and speculators, other existing homes and rental properties, can also adversely impact our ability to sell new homes, depress new home prices and reduce our margins on the sales of new homes. High levels of foreclosures not only contribute to additional inventory available for sale, but also reduce appraised values for new homes, potentially resulting in lower sales prices.
We cannot predict the duration or ultimate magnitude of any economic downturn or reversal in the recovery of the homebuilding industry or the extent or sustainability of a recovery, particularly the sustainability of current improvements in the homebuilding market. Nor can we provide assurance that our response to a homebuilding downturn or the government’s attempts to address the troubles in the overall economy would be successful.
Our long-term growth depends upon our ability to acquire land at reasonable prices.
The Company’s business depends on its ability to obtain land for the development of its residential communities at reasonable prices and with terms that meet its underwriting criteria. The Company’s ability to obtain land for new residential communities may be adversely affected by changes in the general availability of land, the willingness of land sellers to sell land at reasonable prices given the deterioration in market conditions, competition for available land, availability of financing to acquire land, zoning, regulations that limit housing density, and other market conditions. If the supply of land appropriate for development of residential communities is limited because of these factors, or for any other reason, the number of homes that the Company builds and sells may decline. Additionally, the ability of the Company to open new projects could be impacted if the Company elects not to purchase lots under option contracts. To the extent that the Company is unable to purchase land timely or enter into new contracts for the purchase of land at reasonable prices, due to the lag time between the time the Company acquires land and the time the Company begins selling homes, the Company’s home sales revenue and results of operations could be negatively impacted and/or the Company could be required to scale back the Company’s operations in a given market.
Limitations on the availability and increases in the cost of mortgage financing can adversely affect demand for housing.
In general, housing demand is negatively impacted by the unavailability of mortgage financing, as a result of declining customer credit quality, tightening of mortgage loan underwriting standards and factors that increase the upfront or monthly

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cost of financing a home such as increases in interest rates, insurance premiums or limitations on mortgage interest deductibility. Most buyers finance their home purchases through third-party lenders providing mortgage financing. Over the last several years, many third-party lenders have significantly increased underwriting standards, and many subprime and other alternate mortgage products are no longer available in the marketplace in spite of a decrease in mortgage rates. If these trends continue and mortgage loans continue to be difficult to obtain, the ability and willingness of prospective buyers to finance home purchases or to sell their existing homes would be adversely affected, which would adversely affect the Company’s results of operations through reduced home sales revenue, gross margin and cash flow.
Even if potential customers do not need financing, changes in the availability of mortgage products or increases in mortgage costs may make it harder for them to sell their current homes to potential buyers who need financing, which has in some cases led to lower demand for new homes. Mortgage interest rates have, in recent years, been at historic lows, but have risen in recent months. Further increases in interest rates could adversely affect our results of operations through reduced home sales and cash flow. In addition, changes in governmental regulation with respect to mortgage lenders could adversely affect demand for housing. For example, the Federal Housing Administration, or FHA, significantly reduced the limits on loans eligible for insurance by the FHA in 2014, which has impacted the availability and cost of financing in our markets.
Difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital could result in increased costs and delays in completion of projects.
The homebuilding industry is capital-intensive and requires significant up-front expenditures to acquire land and begin development. We expect that we will seek additional capital from time to time from a variety of potential sources, including additional bank financings and/or securities offerings. The availability of borrowed funds, especially for land acquisition and construction financing, may be greatly reduced nationally, and the lending community may require increased amounts of equity to be invested in a project by borrowers in connection with both new loans and the extension of existing loans. Land acquisition, development and construction activities may be adversely affected by any shortage or increased cost of financing or the unwillingness of third parties to engage in joint ventures. Any difficulty in obtaining sufficient capital for planned development expenditures could cause project delays and any such delay could result in cost increases and may adversely affect the Company’s sales and future results of operations and cash flows.
The Company’s business is geographically concentrated, and therefore, the Company’s sales, results of operations, financial condition and business would be negatively impacted by a decline in the general economy or the homebuilding industry in such regions.
The Company presently conducts all of its business in five geographic regions: Southern California, Northern California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado. The Company’s geographic concentration could adversely impact the Company if the homebuilding business in its current markets should decline, since there may not be a balancing opportunity in a stronger market in other geographic regions.
In addition, a prolonged economic downturn in one or more of these areas, particularly within California, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations, and a disproportionately greater impact on us than other homebuilders with more diversified operations. The Company generates a significant portion of its revenue and a significant amount of its profits from, and holds approximately one-half of the dollar value of its real estate inventory in, California. During the downturn from 2008 to 2010, land values, the demand for new homes and home prices declined substantially in California, negatively impacting the Company’s profitability and financial position. In addition, in the past the state of California has experienced severe budget shortfalls and taken measures such as raising taxes and increasing fees to offset the deficit. There can be no assurance that the profitability and financial position of the Company will not be further impacted if the challenging conditions in California continue or worsen.
Increases in the Company’s cancellation rate could have a negative impact on the Company’s home sales revenue and home building gross margins.
During the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, the Company experienced cancellation rates of 17%, 14%, and 18%, respectively. Cancellations negatively impact the number of closed homes, net new home orders, home sales revenue and the Company’s results of operations, as well as the number of homes in backlog. Home order cancellations can result from a number of factors, including declines or slow appreciation in the market value of homes, increases in the supply of homes available to be purchased, increased competition, higher mortgage interest rates, homebuyers’ inability to sell their existing homes, homebuyers’ inability to obtain suitable financing, including providing sufficient down payments, and adverse changes in economic conditions. Many of these factors are beyond the Company’s control. Increased levels of home order cancellations would have a negative impact on the Company’s home sales revenue and financial and operating results.
Financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by any decrease in the value of land inventory, as well as by the associated carrying costs.

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The Company continuously acquires land for replacement and expansion of land inventory within the markets in which it builds. The risks inherent in purchasing and developing land increase as consumer demand for housing decreases, and thus, the Company may have bought and developed land on which homes cannot be profitably built and sold. The Company employs measures to manage inventory risks which may not be successful.
We incur many costs even before we begin to build homes in a community, including costs of preparing land and installing roads, sewage and other utilities, as well as taxes and other costs related to ownership of the land on which we plan to build homes. In addition, inventory carrying costs can be significant and can result in losses in a poorly performing project or market, and the Company may have to sell homes at significantly lower margins or at a loss, which conditions may persist for extended periods of time. If the rate at which we sell and deliver homes slows or falls, or if we delay the opening of new home communities for sales due to adjustments in our marketing strategy or other reasons, each of which has occurred throughout the housing downturn, we may incur additional costs and it will take a longer period of time for us to recover our costs, including the costs we incurred in acquiring and developing land.
Adverse weather and geological conditions may increase costs, cause project delays and reduce consumer demand for housing, all of which could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.
As a homebuilder, the Company is subject to numerous risks, many of which are beyond management’s control, such as droughts, floods, wildfires, landslides, soil subsidence, earthquakes and other weather-related and geologic events which could damage projects, cause delays in completion of projects, or reduce consumer demand for housing, and shortages in labor or materials, which could delay project completion and cause increases in the prices for labor or materials, thereby affecting the Company’s sales and profitability. Many of the Company’s projects are located in California, which has experienced significant earthquake activity and seasonal wildfires. Areas in Colorado have also been subjected to seasonal wildfires and soil subsidence. In addition to directly damaging the Company’s projects, earthquakes or other geologic events could damage roads and highways providing access to those projects, thereby adversely affecting the Company’s ability to market homes in those areas and possibly increasing the costs of completion.
There are some risks of loss for which the Company may be unable to purchase insurance coverage. For example, losses associated with landslides, earthquakes and other geologic events may not be insurable and other losses, such as those arising from terrorism, may not be economically insurable. A sizeable uninsured loss could adversely affect the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, results of operations or financial condition.
The Company’s business and results of operations are dependent on the availability and skill of subcontractors.
Substantially all construction work is done by subcontractors with the Company acting as the general contractor. Accordingly, the timing and quality of construction depend on the availability and skill of the Company’s unaffiliated, third party subcontractors. While the Company has been able to obtain sufficient materials and subcontractors during times of material shortages and believes that its relationships with suppliers and subcontractors are good, the Company does not have long-term contractual commitments with any subcontractors or suppliers.
The Company may not be able to compete effectively against competitors in the homebuilding industry.
The homebuilding industry is highly competitive and there are relatively low barriers to entry. Homebuilders compete for, among other things, homebuying customers, desirable properties, financing, raw materials and skilled labor. The Company competes both with large homebuilding companies, some of which have greater financial, marketing and sales resources than the Company, and with smaller local builders. Our competitors may independently develop land and construct housing units that are substantially similar to our products. Many of these competitors also have long-standing relationships with subcontractors and suppliers in the markets in which we operate. We currently build in several of the top markets in the nation and, therefore, we expect to continue to face additional competition from new entrants into our markets. The Company also competes for sales with individual resales of existing homes and with available rental housing. These competitive conditions can result in:
our delivering fewer homes;
our selling homes at lower prices;
our offering or increasing sales incentives, discounts or price concessions for our homes;
our experiencing lower housing gross profit margins, particularly if we cannot raise our selling prices to cover increased land development, home construction or overhead costs;
our selling fewer homes or experiencing a higher number of cancellations by homebuyers;

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impairments in the value of our inventory and other assets;
difficulty in acquiring desirable land that meets our investment return or marketing standards, and in selling our interests in land that no longer meet such standards on favorable terms;
difficulty in our acquiring raw materials and skilled management and trade labor at acceptable prices;
delays in the development of land and/or the construction of our homes; and/or
difficulty in securing external financing, performance bonds or letter of credit facilities on favorable terms.
These competitive conditions may have a material adverse effect on our business and consolidated financial statements by decreasing our revenues, impairing our ability to successfully implement our current strategies, increasing our costs and/or diminishing growth in our local or regional homebuilding businesses.
We may not be successful in integrating acquisitions or implementing our growth strategies.
In December 2012, we acquired Village Homes, and we may in the future consider growth or expansion of our operations in our current markets or in new markets, whether through strategic acquisitions of homebuilding companies or otherwise. The magnitude, timing and nature of any future expansion will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to identify suitable additional markets and/or acquisition candidates, the negotiation of acceptable terms, our financial capabilities and general economic and business conditions. Our expansion into new or existing markets, whether through acquisition or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations, and any future acquisitions could result in the dilution of existing shareholders if we issue our common shares as consideration. Acquisitions also involve numerous risks, including difficulties in the assimilation of the acquired company’s operations, the incurrence of unanticipated liabilities or expenses, the risk of impairing inventory and other assets related to the acquisition, the diversion of management’s attention and resources from other business concerns, risks associated with entering markets in which we have limited or no direct experience and the potential loss of key employees of the acquired company.
The Company’s success depends on key executive officers and personnel.
The Company’s success is dependent upon the efforts and abilities of its executive officers and other key employees, many of whom have significant experience in the homebuilding industry and in the Company’s divisional markets. In particular, the Company is dependent upon the services of General William Lyon, Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman, William H. Lyon, Chief Executive Officer, and Matthew R. Zaist, President and Chief Operating Officer, as well as the services of the California region and other division presidents and division management teams and personnel in the corporate office. The loss of the services or limitation in the availability of any of these executives or key personnel, for any reason, could hinder the execution of our business strategy and have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operation. Further, such a loss could be negatively perceived in capital markets.
Power and natural resource shortages or price increases could have an adverse impact on operations.
In prior years, certain areas in Northern and Southern California have experienced power and resource shortages, including mandatory periods without electrical power, changes to water availability and significant increases in utility and resource costs. Shortages of natural resources, particularly water, may make it more difficult to obtain regulatory approval of new developments. The Company may incur additional costs and may not be able to complete construction on a timely basis if such power shortages and utility rate increases continue. Furthermore, power shortages and rate increases may adversely affect the regional economies in which the Company operates, which may reduce demand for housing. The Company’s operations may be adversely impacted if further rate increases and/or power shortages occur.
Construction defect, home warranty, soil subsidence and building-related and other claims may be asserted against the Company in the ordinary course of business, and the Company may be subject to liability for such claims.
As a homebuilder, we have been, and continue to be, subject to construction defect, product liability and home warranty claims, including moisture intrusion and related claims, arising in the ordinary course of business. These claims are common to the homebuilding industry and can be costly.
California law provides that consumers can seek redress for patent (i.e., observable) defects in new homes within three or four years (depending on the type of claim asserted) from when the defect is discovered or should have been discovered. If the defect is latent ( i.e. , non-observable), consumers must still seek redress within three or four years (depending on the type of claim asserted) from the date when the defect is discovered or should have been discovered, but in no event later than ten years after the date of substantial completion of the work on the construction. Consumers purchasing homes in Arizona, Nevada and

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Colorado may also be able to obtain redress under state laws for either patent or latent defects in their new homes. Because California, our largest market, is one of the most highly regulated and litigious jurisdictions in the United States, our potential losses and expenses due to litigation, new laws and regulations may be greater than those of our competitors who have smaller or no California operations.
With respect to certain general liability exposures, including construction defect claims, product liability claims and related claims, assessment of claims and the related liability and reserve estimation process is highly judgmental due to the complex nature of these exposures, with each exposure exhibiting unique circumstances. Furthermore, once claims are asserted for construction defects, it can be difficult to determine the extent to which the assertion of these claims will expand. Although we have obtained insurance for construction defect claims subject to applicable self-insurance retentions, such policies may not be available or adequate to cover liability for damages, the cost of repairs, and/or the expense of litigation surrounding current claims, and future claims may arise out of events or circumstances not covered by insurance and not subject to effective indemnification agreements with our subcontractors. Furthermore, any product liability or warranty claims made against us, whether or not they are viable, may lead to negative publicity, which could impact our reputation and our home sales.
Increased insurance costs and reduced insurance coverages may affect the Company’s results of operations and increase the potential exposure to liability.
Recently, lawsuits have been filed against builders asserting claims of personal injury and property damage, including arising from the presence of mold in residential dwellings. Some of these lawsuits have resulted in substantial monetary judgments or settlements against these builders. The Company’s insurance may not cover all of the potential claims, including personal injury claims, or such coverage may become prohibitively expensive. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate insurance coverage, a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, results of operations or financial condition could result.
The costs of insuring against construction defect, product liability and director and officer claims are substantial and the cost of insurance for the Company’s operations has risen, deductibles and retentions have increased and the availability of insurance has diminished. Significant increases in the cost of insurance coverage or significant limitations on coverage could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, results of operations or financial condition from such increased costs or from liability for significant uninsurable or underinsured claims.
Material and labor shortages could delay or increase the cost of home construction and reduce our sales and earnings.
The residential construction industry experiences serious material shortages from time to time, including shortages of insulation, drywall, cement, steel and lumber. These material shortages can be more severe during periods of strong demand for housing and during periods where the regions in which we operate experience natural disasters that have a significant impact on existing residential and commercial structures. From time to time, we have experienced volatile price swings in the cost of materials, including in particular, the cost of lumber, cement, steel and drywall. Shortages and price increases could cause delays in and increase our costs of home construction. The Company generally is unable to pass on increases in construction costs to customers who have already entered into sales contracts, as those sales contracts generally fix the price of the homes at the time the contracts are signed, which may be in advance of the construction of the home. Sustained increases in construction costs may, over time, erode the Company’s gross margins from home sales, particularly if pricing competition restricts the ability to pass on any additional costs of materials or labor, thereby decreasing gross margins from home sales, which in turn could harm our operating results.
The residential construction industry also experiences labor shortages and disruptions from time to time, including: work stoppages; labor disputes; shortages in qualified trades people; lack of availability of adequate utility infrastructure and services; our need to rely on local subcontractors who may not be adequately capitalized or insured; and delays in availability, or fluctuations in prices, of building materials. Additionally, the Company could experience labor shortages as a result of subcontractors going out of business or leaving the residential construction market due to low levels of housing production and volumes. Any of these circumstances could give rise to delays in the start or completion of the Company’s communities, increase the cost of developing one or more of the Company’s communities and increase the construction cost of the Company’s homes. To the extent that market conditions prevent the recovery of increased costs, including, among other things, subcontracted labor, finished lots, building materials, and other resources, through higher sales prices, the Company’s gross margins from home sales and results of operations could be adversely affected. Increased costs of lumber, framing, concrete, steel and other building materials could cause increases in construction costs. The Company generally is unable to pass on increases in construction costs to customers who have already entered into sales contracts, as those sales contracts generally fix the price of the homes at the time the contracts are signed, which may be in advance of the construction of the home. Sustained increases in construction costs may, over time, erode the Company’s gross margins from home sales, particularly if pricing

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competition restricts the ability to pass on any additional costs of materials or labor, thereby decreasing gross margins from home sales.
Elimination or reduction of the tax benefits associated with owning a home could prevent potential customers from buying our homes and could adversely affect our business or financial results.
Changes in federal tax law may affect demand for new homes. Significant expenses of owning a home, including mortgage interest and real estate taxes, generally are deductible expenses for an individual’s federal and, in some cases, state income taxes, subject to certain limitations. If the federal government or a state government changes its income tax laws to eliminate or substantially modify these income tax deductions, the after-tax cost of owning a new home would increase for many potential customers. The resulting loss or reduction of homeowners’ tax deductions, if such tax law changes were enacted without offsetting provisions, could adversely affect demand for new homes. No meaningful prediction can be made as to whether any such proposals will be enacted and, if enacted, the particular form such laws would take, but enactment of such proposals may have an adverse effect on the homebuilding industry in general and on our business in particular.
Inflation could adversely affect the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations, particularly in a period of oversupply of homes or declining home sale prices.
Inflation can adversely affect the Company by increasing costs of land, materials and labor. However, the Company may be unable to offset these increases with higher sales prices. In addition, inflation is often accompanied by higher interest rates, which have a negative impact on housing demand. In such an environment, the Company may be unable to raise home prices sufficiently to keep up with the rate of cost inflation, and, accordingly, its margins could decrease. Furthermore, if we need to lower the price of our homes to meet demand, the value of our land inventory may decrease. Moreover, with inflation, the costs of capital can increase and purchasing power of the Company’s cash resources can decline. Efforts by the government to stimulate the economy may not be successful, but have increased the risk of significant inflation and its resulting adverse effect on the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.
The Company’s business is seasonal in nature and quarterly operating results can fluctuate.
The Company’s quarterly operating results generally fluctuate by season. The Company typically achieves its highest new home sales orders in the spring and summer, although new homes sales order activity is also highly dependent on the number of active selling communities and the timing of new community openings. Because it typically takes the Company three to six months to construct a new home, the Company delivers a greater number of homes in the second half of the calendar year as sales orders convert to home deliveries. As a result, the Company’s revenues from homebuilding operations are higher in the second half of the year, particularly in the fourth quarter, and the Company generally experiences higher capital demands in the first half of the year when it incurs construction costs. If, due to construction delays or other causes, the Company cannot close its expected number of homes in the second half of the year, the Company’s financial condition and full year results of operations may be adversely affected.
The Company may be unable to obtain suitable bonding for the development of its communities.
The Company provides bonds in the ordinary course of business to governmental authorities and others to ensure the completion of its projects and/or in support of obligations to build community improvements such as roads, sewers, water systems and other utilities, and to support similar development activities by certain of our unconsolidated joint ventures. As a result of the deterioration in market conditions, surety providers became increasingly reluctant to issue new bonds and some providers were requesting credit enhancements (such as cash deposits or letters of credit) in order to maintain existing bonds or to issue new bonds, which trends may continue. The Company may also be required to provide performance bonds and/or letters of credit to secure our performance under various escrow agreements, financial guarantees and other arrangements. If the Company is unable to obtain performance bonds and/or letters of credit when required or the cost or operational restrictions or conditions imposed by issuers to obtain them increases significantly, the Company may not be able to develop or may be significantly delayed in developing a community or communities and/or may incur significant additional expenses, and, as a result, the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operation could be materially and adversely affected.
We periodically conduct certain of our operations through unconsolidated joint ventures with independent third parties in which we do not have a controlling interest and we can be adversely impacted by joint venture partners’ failure to fulfill their obligations.
We have participated in land development joint ventures, or JVs, in which we have less than a controlling interest. We have entered into JVs in order to acquire attractive land positions, to manage our risk profile and to leverage our capital base. Our JVs are typically entered into with developers, other homebuilders and financial partners to develop finished lots for sale to

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the JV’s members and other third parties. However, our JV investments are generally very illiquid, due to a lack of a controlling interest in the JVs. In addition, our lack of a controlling interest results in the risk that the JV will take actions with which we disagree, or fail to take actions that we desire, including actions regarding the sale of the underlying property, which could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operation.
The Company is the managing member in joint venture limited liability companies and may become a managing member or general partner in future joint ventures, and therefore may be liable for joint venture obligations.
Certain of the Company’s active JVs are organized as limited liability companies. The Company is the managing member in some of these and may serve as the managing member or general partner, in the case of a limited partnership JV, in future JVs. As a managing member or general partner, the Company may be liable for a JV’s liabilities and obligations should the JV fail or be unable to pay these liabilities or obligations. These risks include, among others, that a partner in the JV may fail to fund its share of required capital contributions, that a partner may make poor business decisions or delay necessary actions, or that a partner may have economic or other business interests or goals that are inconsistent with our own.
Fluctuations in real estate values may require us to write–down the book value of our real estate assets.
The homebuilding industry is subject to significant variability and fluctuations in real estate values. As a result, the Company may be required to write-down the book value of certain real estate assets in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP, and some of those write downs could be material. Any material write–downs of assets could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.
On February 24, 2012, the Company adopted fresh start accounting under ASC 852, and recorded all real estate inventories at fair value. Subsequent to February 24, 2012 and throughout each quarter of 2012 and 2013, there were no indicators of impairment, as sales prices and sales absorption rates have improved. For the year ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 there were no impairment charges recorded.
The Company assesses its projects on a quarterly basis, when indicators of impairment exist. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to soft market conditions, competitive pricing pressures which reduce the average sales price of homes, which includes sales incentives for home buyers, sales absorption rates below management expectations, a decrease in the value of the underlying land and a decrease in projected cash flows for a particular project. The Company was required to write down the book value of its impaired real estate assets in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment , or ASC 360.
Governmental laws and regulations may increase the Company’s expenses, limit the number of homes that the Company can build or delay completion of projects.
The Company is subject to numerous local, state, federal and other statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning zoning, development, building design, construction and similar matters which impose restrictive zoning and density requirements in order to limit the number of homes that can eventually be built within the boundaries of a particular area, as well as governmental taxes, fees and levies on the acquisition and development of land parcels. These regulations often provide broad discretion to the administering governmental authorities as to the conditions we must meet prior to being approved, if approved at all. We are subject to determinations by these authorities as to the adequacy of water and sewage facilities, roads and other local services. New housing developments may also be subject to various assessments for schools, parks, streets and other public improvements. Although we do not typically purchase land that is not entitled, to the extent that projects that are not entitled, purchased lands may be subjected to periodic delays, changes in use, less intensive development or elimination of development in certain specific areas due to government regulations. The Company may also be subject to periodic delays, may be precluded entirely from developing in certain communities or may otherwise be restricted in our business activities due to building moratoriums or “slow-growth” or “no-growth” initiatives that could be implemented in the future in the states in which the Company operates. Such moratoriums can occur prior or subsequent to commencement of our operations, without notice or recourse. Local and state governments also have broad discretion regarding the imposition of development fees for projects in their jurisdiction. Projects for which the Company has received land use and development entitlements or approvals may still require a variety of other governmental approvals and permits during the development process and can also be impacted adversely by unforeseen health, safety, and welfare issues, which can further delay these projects or prevent their development. As a result, home sales could decline and costs increase, which could negatively affect the Company’s business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company is subject to environmental laws and regulations, which may increase costs, limit the areas in which the Company can build homes and delay completion of projects.

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The Company is also subject to a variety of local, state, federal and other statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations concerning the environment. The particular environmental laws which apply to any given homebuilding site vary according to the site’s location, its environmental conditions and the present and former uses of the site, as well as adjoining properties. Environmental laws and conditions may result in delays, may cause the Company to incur substantial compliance and other costs, including significant fines and penalties for any violation, and can prohibit or severely restrict homebuilding activity in environmentally sensitive regions or areas, which could negatively affect the Company’s results of operations.
Under various environmental laws, current or former owners of real estate, as well as certain other categories of parties, may be required to investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases, and may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage and for investigation and clean-up costs incurred by such parties in connection with the contamination. In addition, in those cases where an endangered species is involved, environmental rules and regulations can result in the elimination of development in identified environmentally sensitive areas.
Risks Related to Our Capital Structure
We have substantial outstanding indebtedness and may incur additional debt in the future.
The Company is highly leveraged. At December 31, 2013, the total outstanding principal amount of our debt was $469.4 million. In addition, we have the ability to incur additional indebtedness under the $100 million credit facility we entered into in August 2013. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under that facility and $4.0 million in outstanding letters of credit issued thereunder. The Company’s high level of indebtedness could have detrimental consequences, including the following:
the ability to obtain additional financing as needed for working capital, land acquisition costs, building costs, other capital expenditures, or general corporate purposes, or to refinance existing indebtedness before its scheduled maturity, may be limited;
the Company will need to use a substantial portion of cash flow from operations to pay interest and principal on our indebtedness, which will reduce the funds available for other purposes;
if we are unable to comply with the terms of the agreements governing the indebtedness of the Company, the holders of that indebtedness could accelerate that indebtedness and exercise other rights and remedies against the Company;
if the Company has a higher level of indebtedness than some of its competitors, it may put the Company at a competitive disadvantage and reduce the Company’s flexibility in planning for, or responding to, changing conditions in the industry, including increased competition; and
the terms of any refinancing may not be as favorable as the debt being refinanced.
The Company cannot be certain that cash flow from operations will be sufficient to allow the Company to pay principal and interest on debt, support operations and meet other obligations. If the Company does not have the resources to meet these and other obligations, the Company may be required to refinance all or part of its outstanding debt, sell assets or borrow more money. The Company may not be able to do so on acceptable terms, in a timely manner, or at all. If we are unable to refinance our debt on acceptable terms, we may be forced to dispose of our assets on disadvantageous terms, potentially resulting in losses. Defaults under our debt agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.
The agreements governing our debt impose significant operating and financial restrictions, which may prevent us from capitalizing on business opportunities and taking some corporate actions.
The agreements governing our debt impose significant operating and financial restrictions. These restrictions limit our ability, among other things, to:
incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain equity interests;
pay dividends or distributions, repurchase equity or prepay subordinated debt;
make certain investments;
sell assets;
incur liens;
create certain restrictions on the ability of restricted subsidiaries to transfer assets;

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enter into transactions with affiliates;
create unrestricted subsidiaries; and
consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.
In addition, we may in the future enter into other agreements refinancing or otherwise governing indebtedness which impose yet additional restrictions and covenants, including covenants limiting our ability to incur additional debt, make certain investments, reduce liquidity below certain levels, make distributions to our stockholders and otherwise affect our operating policies. These restrictions may adversely affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to pursue available business opportunities. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default in respect of the related indebtedness. If a default occurs, the relevant lenders could elect to declare the indebtedness, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable and proceed against any collateral securing that indebtedness.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock
Concentration of ownership of the voting power of our capital stock may prevent other stockholders from influencing corporate decisions and create perceived conflicts of interest.
Our common stock consists of two classes: Class A and Class B. Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share, and holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to five votes per share, on all matters entitled to be voted on by our common stockholders. As of March 17, 2014, entities controlled by William H. Lyon hold approximately 50.8% of the voting power of the Company, assuming exercise in full of the warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock, through their ownership of 100% of the outstanding Class B Common Stock, a warrant to purchase 1,907,550 additional shares of Class B Common Stock and 115,378 shares of Class A Common Stock. Additionally, Luxor and an affiliate of Paulson & Co. Inc., or Paulson, hold approximately 8.6 million and 3.3 million shares of Class A Common Stock, representing 18.3 and 7.1% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock, respectively. Further, stockholder entities affiliated with each of Luxor, Paulson and William H. Lyon, which collectively control approximately 76% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock as of March 17, 2014, have entered into a stockholder agreement with respect to the election of up to six seats on our board of directors, whereby each such stockholder has agreed to vote in favor of the director nominees supported by each of the other stockholders. The Company is not party to such agreement.
William H. Lyon, Luxor and Paulson may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. This ownership concentration may adversely impact the trading of our capital stock because of a perceived conflict of interest that may exist, thereby depressing the value of our capital stock.
Future sales of our common stock by existing stockholders could cause the price of our Class A Common Stock to decline.
Any sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales might occur, may cause the market price for our Class A Common Stock to decline. We have 27,626,840 shares of Class A Common Stock and 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding 576,643 shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and 1,907,550 shares of Class B Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of a warrant held by the holders of our Class B Common Stock. All of these shares, other than the shares of Class B Common Stock held by William H. Lyon through his management of Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, and certain shares of Class A Common Stock held by our directors and officers and other “affiliates”, as defined in Rule 144 of the Securities Act, or Rule 144, are freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act. All outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock and shares of Class A Common Stock held by our directors, officers and other affiliates are restricted securities under the Securities Act, and may not be sold in the public market unless the sale is registered under the Securities Act or an exemption from registration is available, subject to the restrictions imposed by the lock-up agreements referenced below. We may issue equity securities in the future for a number of reasons, including to finance our operations and business strategy, to adjust our ratio of debt to equity, to satisfy our obligations upon exercise of outstanding options or for other reasons. Any such future issuances of our common stock or convertible or other equity-linked securities will dilute the ownership interest of the holders of our Class A Common Stock. We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or other equity-related securities or the effect, if any, that they may have on the market price of our Class A Common Stock.
We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock.
We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and we do not plan to do so in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends to the holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Further, the payment of cash dividends is restricted under the terms of the agreements governing our debt instruments

24


and may be restricted under the terms of our future debt agreements. Therefore, you are not likely to receive any dividends on your common stock for the foreseeable future.
The price of our Class A Common Stock is subject to volatility related or unrelated to our operations.
The market price of the Class A Common Stock may fluctuate substantially due to a variety of factors, including:
actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating results;
changes in market valuations of similar companies;
adverse market reaction to the level of our indebtedness;
additions or departures of key personnel;
actions by stockholders;
speculation in the press or investment community;
general market, economic and political conditions, including an economic slowdown or dislocation in the global credit markets;
our operating performance and the performance of other similar companies;
changes in accounting principles; and
passage of legislation or other regulatory developments that adversely affect us or the homebuilding industry.
In addition, the stock market itself is subject to extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant effect on the market price of securities issued by many companies for reasons related and unrelated to their operating performance and could have the same effect on our common stock.
Further, securities class action litigation has often been initiated against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy judgments or to settle litigation. The threat or filing of class action litigation lawsuits could cause the price of our Class A Common Stock to decline.
Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on your investment in our Class A Common Stock and, as a result, you could lose some or all of your investment.
We incur substantial costs and demands upon management as a result of complying with the laws and regulations affecting public companies, which could harm our operating results.
As a public company, we are required to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses, including costs associated with public company reporting requirements. We also incur costs associated with current corporate governance requirements, including requirements under Section 404 and other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as rules implemented by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange. The expenses incurred by public companies for reporting and corporate governance purposes have increased dramatically in recent years. We expect these rules and regulations to substantially increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. We are unable to currently estimate these costs with any degree of certainty. We also expect that these new rules and regulations may make it difficult and expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and if we are able to obtain such insurance, we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage available to privately-held companies. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on our board of directors or as our executive officers.
If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate and timely financial statements could be impaired, which could harm our operating results, our ability to operate our business and investors’ views of us.
Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place to enable the Company to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, and our auditors will begin attesting to and reporting on our internal controls as early as the year ended December 31, 2014, and could, as part of that documentation and testing, identify areas for further attention or improvement. Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may require additional personnel, specific

25


compliance training of our directors, officers and employees, entail substantial costs in order to modify our existing accounting systems and require a significant period of time to complete.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. We may in the future discover areas of our internal controls that need improvement. We cannot be certain that we will be successful in implementing or maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting and financial processes. Furthermore, as we grow our business, our internal controls will become more complex, and we will require significantly more resources to ensure our internal controls remain effective. Additionally, the existence of any material weakness or significant deficiency would require management to devote significant time and incur significant expense to remediate any such material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and management may not be able to remediate any such material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in a timely manner. The existence of any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting could also result in errors in our financial statements that could require us to restate our financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause stockholders to lose confidence in our reported financial information, all of which could materially and adversely affect us.
Anti-takeover provisions in our corporate organizational documents, under Delaware law and in our debt covenants could make an acquisition of our company more difficult, limit attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management and limit the market price of our capital stock.
Provisions in our corporate organizational documents may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Such provisions include, but are not limited to:
authorizing the issuance of undesignated preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and shares of which may be issued without stockholder approval;
any action to be taken by holders of our common stock must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting and not by written consent;
special meetings of our stockholders can be called only by our board of directors, the Chairman of our board of directors, our Chief Executive Officer or our lead independent director;
vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, but not by stockholders;
our bylaws require advance notice of stockholder proposals and director nominations;
an amendment to our bylaws requires a supermajority vote of stockholders; and
after the conversion of all Class B Common Stock, our board of directors will be staggered into three separate classes, with classes fixed by the board, and, once staggered, the removal of directors requires a supermajority vote of stockholders.
These provisions may frustrate or prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management. In addition, we are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL, which generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “interested” stockholder for a period of three years following the date on which the stockholder became an “interested” stockholder. In addition, some of our debt covenants contained in the agreements governing our debt may delay or prevent a change in control.
Future offerings of debt securities, which would rank senior to our common stock upon our liquidation, and future offerings of equity securities, which may be senior to our common stock for purposes of liquidating and dividend distributions, may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
In the future, we may attempt to increase our capital resources by making offerings of debt securities or additional offerings of equity securities. Upon bankruptcy or liquidation, holders of our debt securities and shares of preferred stock, if any, and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive a distribution of our available assets prior to the holders of our common stock. Additional equity offerings may dilute the holdings of our existing stockholders or reduce the market price of our common stock, or both. Our preferred stock, if issued, could have a preference on liquidating distributions or a preference on dividend payments or both that could limit our ability to make a dividend distribution to the holders of our common stock. Our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control. As a result, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings, and purchasers of our common

26


stock in this offering bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the market price of our common stock and diluting their ownership interest in our company.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish, or cease publishing, research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our stock adversely, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our Class A Common Stock depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our Class A Common Stock or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our Class A Common Stock would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our Class A Common Stock could decrease, which could cause the price of our Class A Common Stock and trading volume to decline.
Non-U.S. holders may be subject to United States federal income tax on gain realized on the sale or disposition of shares of our Class A Common Stock.
The Company believes that it is a “United States real property holding corporation,” or USRPHC, for United States federal income tax purposes. If the Company is a USRPHC, non-U.S. holders may be subject to United States federal income tax (including withholding tax) upon a sale or disposition of our Class A Common Stock, if (i) our Class A Common Stock is not regularly traded on an established securities market, or (ii) our Class A Common Stock is regularly traded on an established securities market, and the non-U.S. holder owned, actually or constructively, Class A Common Stock with a fair market value of more than 5% of the total fair market value of such common stock throughout the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or other disposition or the non-U.S. holder’s holding period for such common stock.
Other Risks
Because of the adoption of Debtor in Possession Accounting and Fresh Start Accounting, financial information for certain periods and periods subsequent thereto will not be comparable to financial information for other periods.
Upon the filing by the Company and certain of our direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of voluntary petitions under chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended, or the Chapter 11 Petitions, we adopted Debtor in Possession Accounting, in accordance with ASC 852 . Upon our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases, we adopted Fresh Start Accounting, in accordance with ASC 852, pursuant to which the midpoint of the range of our reorganization value was allocated to our assets in conformity with the procedures specified by Accounting Standards Codification No. 805, Business Combinations. Accordingly, our financial statements for the period from December 19, 2011 through February 24, 2012 will not be comparable in many respects to our financial statements prior to December 19, 2011 or subsequent to February 24, 2012. The lack of comparable historical financial information may discourage investors from purchasing our securities. The lack of comparable historical financial information may discourage investors from purchasing our securities.
The Company may not be able to benefit from its tax attributes.
In connection with our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, we were able to retain the tax basis in our assets as well as a portion of our U.S. net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, or the Tax Attributes. Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, provide an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its Tax Attributes against future U.S. taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. Implementation of the Plan upon our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings triggered a change in ownership for purposes of Section 382 and our annual Section 382 limitation is $3.6 million. As a result, our future U.S. taxable income may not be fully offset by the Tax Attributes if such income exceeds our annual limitation, and we may incur a tax liability with respect to such income. In addition, subsequent changes in ownership for purposes of the Code could further diminish our ability to utilize Tax Attributes.
Future terrorist attacks against the United States or increased domestic or international instability could have an adverse effect on our operations.
Adverse developments in the war on terrorism, future terrorist attacks against the United States, or any outbreak or escalation of hostilities between the United States and any foreign power, including the armed conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, may cause disruption to the economy, our Company, our employees and our customers, which could adversely affect our revenues, operating expenses and financial condition.


27



Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
None.

Item 2.
Properties
Headquarters
The Company’s corporate headquarters are located at 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th floor, Newport Beach, California. The Company leases or owns properties for its division offices, but none of these properties are material to the operation of the Company’s business. For information about properties owned by the Company for use in its homebuilding activities, see Item 1 of Part I of this Annual Report, “Business.”

Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
The Company is involved in various legal proceedings, most of which relate to routine litigation and some of which are covered by insurance. In the opinion of the Company’s management, none of the uninsured claims involves claims which are material and unreserved or will have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company.

Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosure
Not Applicable.

28


PART II
 
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock have been listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "WLH" since May 16, 2013, the day after our initial public offering. The following table sets forth, for the fiscal quarters indicated, the high and low sales prices per share of the Company's Class A Common Stock, as reported on the NYSE.
 
 
2013
Calendar Quarter Ended
 
High
 
Low
 
June 30
 
26.85

 
22.50

 
September 30
 
25.70

 
19.87

 
December 31
 
24.99

 
18.81

 
As of March 17, 2014, the Company had approximately nine stockholders of record, eight of which were holders of the Company's Class A Common Stock and one of which was a holder of the Company's Class B Common Stock. The number of stockholders of record is based upon the actual number of stockholders registered at such date and does not include holders of shares in "street name" or persons, partnerships, associates, corporations or other entities identified in security position listings maintained by depositories.
Dividends
Our Class A Common Stock began trading on May 16, 2013, following our initial public offering. Since that time, the Company has not declared any cash dividends. The Company does not intend to declare cash dividends in the near future. Future cash dividends, if any, will depend upon the financial condition, results of operations, and capital requirements of the Company, as well as compliance with Delaware law, certain restrictive debt covenants, as well as other factors considered relevant by the Company's board of directors.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Company did not purchase any shares of its common stock during the year ended December 31, 2013
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference under Item 12 of Part III of this report, "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters, is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 5 of Part II of this report.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Repurchases of Securities
Other than the sales of unregistered securities that we reported in Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K during fiscal year 2013, we did not make any sales of unregistered securities during 2013.

Item 6.
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data
The following table sets forth certain of the Company’s historical financial data. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 and for year ended December 31, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein. The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 have been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements for such years, which are not included herein.
As a result of the consummation of the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization on February 25, 2012, the Company adopted Fresh Start Accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification No. 852, Reorganizations, or ASC 852. Accordingly, the financial statement information prior to February 25, 2012 is not comparable with the financial statement information for periods on and after February 25, 2012. Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, any reference hereinafter to the “Successor” reflects the operations of the Company post-emergence from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2013 and any reference to the “Predecessor” refers to the operations of the Company pre-emergence prior to February 25, 2012.

29


Upon emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases on February 25, 2012, we adopted fresh start accounting as prescribed under ASC 852 (as defined above), which required us to value our assets and liabilities at their related fair values. In addition, we adjusted our accumulated deficit to zero at the emergence date. Items such as accumulated depreciation, amortization and accumulated deficit were reset to zero. We allocated the reorganization value to the individual assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. Items such as accounts receivable, prepaid and other assets, accounts payable, certain accrued liabilities and cash, whose fair values approximated their book values, reflected values similar to those reported prior to emergence. Items such as real estate inventories, property, plant and equipment, certain notes receivable, certain accrued liabilities and notes payable were adjusted from amounts previously reported. Because we adopted fresh start accounting at emergence and because of the significance of liabilities subject to compromise that were relieved upon emergence, the historical financial statements of the Predecessor and the financial statements of the Successor are not comparable. Refer to the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further details relating to fresh start accounting.
You should read this summary in conjunction with the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the historical consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere herein.
 

30


 
Successor (1)
 
Predecessor (1)
 
 
 
Period From
February 25,
 
Period From
January 1,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
through
December 31,
 
through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
(in thousands except number of shares and per share
data)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Operations Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home sales
$
521,310

 
$
244,610

 
$
16,687

 
$
207,055

 
$
266,865

 
$
253,874

Lots, land and other sales
18,692

 
104,325

 

 

 
17,204

 
21,220

Construction services
32,533

 
23,825

 
8,883

 
19,768

 
10,629

 
34,149

Total revenues
572,535

 
372,760

 
25,570

 
226,823

 
294,698

 
309,243

Operating income (loss)
55,857

 
4,666

 
(2,684
)
 
(148,015
)
 
(117,843
)
 
(161,301
)
Income (loss) before reorganization items and (provision) benefit from income taxes
53,765

 
(4,325
)
 
(4,961
)
 
(171,706
)
 
(135,867
)
 
(122,861
)
Reorganization items, net (2)
(464
)
 
(2,525
)
 
233,458

 
(21,182
)
 

 

Benefit (provision) for income taxes
82,302

 
(11
)
 

 
(10
)
 
412

 
101,908

Net income (loss)
135,603

 
(6,861
)
 
228,497

 
(192,898
)
 
(135,455
)
 
(20,953
)
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
$
127,604

 
$
(11,602
)
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
 
$
(136,786
)
 
$
(20,525
)
Income (loss) per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
5.16

 
$
(0.93
)
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
 
$
(136,786
)
 
$
(20,525
)
       Diluted
$
4.95

 
$
(0.93
)
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
 
$
(136,786
)
 
$
(20,525
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
24,736,841

 
12,489,435

 
1,000

 
1,000

 
1,000

 
1,000

Diluted
25,796,197

 
12,489,435

 
1,000

 
1,000

 
1,000

 
1,000

Operating Data (including consolidated joint ventures) (unaudited):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of net new home orders
1,322

 
956

 
175

 
669

 
650

 
869

Number of homes closed
1,360

 
883

 
67

 
614

 
760

 
915

Average sales price of homes closed
$
383

 
$
277

 
$
249

 
$
337

 
$
351

 
$
278

Cancellation rates
17
%
 
15
%
 
8
%
 
18
%
 
19
%
 
21
%
Backlog at end of period, number of homes (3)
368

 
406

 
246

 
139

 
84

 
194

Backlog at end of period, aggregate sales value (3)
$
199,523

 
$
115,449

 
$
63,434

 
$
29,329

 
$
30,077

 
$
56,472

 

31


 
Successor (1)
 
Predecessor (1)
 
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
(in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
171,672

 
$
71,075

 
$
20,061

 
$
71,286

 
$
117,587

Real estate inventories—Owned
671,790

 
421,630

 
398,534

 
488,906

 
523,336

Real estate inventories—Not owned
12,960

 
39,029

 
47,408

 
55,270

 
55,270

Total assets
1,010,411

 
581,147

 
496,951

 
649,004

 
860,099

Total debt
469,355

 
338,248

 
563,492

 
519,731

 
590,290

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

 
71,246

 

 

 

Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)
428,179

 
62,712

 
(179,516
)
 
13,814

 
150,600

Noncontrolling interests
22,615

 
9,407

 
9,646

 
11,563

 
7,599


(1)
Successor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries on and after February 25, 2012, or the Emergence Date, after giving effect to: (i) the cancellation of shares of our common stock issued prior to February 25, 2012; (ii) the issuance of shares of new common stock, and settlement of existing debt and other adjustments in accordance with the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization; and (iii) the application of fresh start accounting. Predecessor refers to William Lyon Homes and its consolidated subsidiaries up to the Emergence Date. In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as the pre-emergence, predecessor entity and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as the successor entity. As such, the application of fresh start accounting as described in Note 2 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” is reflected in the year ended December 31, 2013, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting.
(2)
The Company recorded reorganization items of $(0.5) million, $(2.5) million, and $233.5 million and $(21.2) million during the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively. See Note 4 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
(3)
Backlog consists of homes sold under pending sales contracts that have not yet closed, some of which are subject to contingencies, including mortgage loan approval and the sale of existing homes by customers. There can be no assurance that homes sold under pending sales contracts will close. Of the total homes sold subject to pending sales contracts as of December 31, 2013, 308 represent homes completed or under construction and 60 represent homes not yet under construction.

Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion of results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with Item 6 of Part II of this Annual Report, “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data,” Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As used herein, “on a consolidated basis” means the total of operations in wholly-owned projects and in consolidated joint venture projects.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, or the 2013 period, the Company had revenues from home sales of $521.3 million, a 100% increase from $261.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2012, which includes the “Predecessor” entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the “Successor” entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, or the 2012 period, on a consolidated basis, which includes results from all five reportable operating segments. The Company had net new home orders of 1,322 homes in the 2013 period, a 17% increase from 1,131 in the 2012 period, and the average sales price for homes closed increased 39% to $383,300 in the 2013 period from $275,100 in the 2012 period.

32


The Company acquired Village Homes of Denver, Colorado on December 7, 2012, which marked the beginning of the Colorado segment. Financial data included herein as of December 31, 2012, and for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, includes operations of the Colorado segment from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2013.
For the year ended December 31, 2012, which includes the “Predecessor” entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the “Successor” entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, on a combined basis the Company had revenues from homes sales of $261.3 million, a 26% increase from $207.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, or the 2011 Period. The Company had net new home orders of 1,131 homes in the 2012 period, a 69% increase from 669 in the 2011 period, and the average sales price for homes closed decreased 18% to $275,100 in the 2012 period from $337,200 in the 2011 period.
Initial Public Offering
On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of $163.7 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
As of December 31, 2013, the Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 190,000,000 shares, 150,000,000 of which are designated as Class A Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, 30,000,000 of which are designated as Class B Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share and 10,000,000 of which are designated as preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share. In connection with the initial public offering, Parent completed a common stock recapitalization which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Reverse Split”), the conversion of all outstanding shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. The effect of the reverse stock split is retroactively applied to the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the Consolidated Statement of Equity, presented herein. Upon completion of the initial public offering, Parent had 27,146,036 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and restricted shares that have been granted but were unvested, and 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares underlying a warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock. The warrant was amended to extend the term from five years to ten years, and the warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022. The change to the warrant had no corresponding impact on the financial statements
Chapter 11 Reorganization
On December 19, 2011, William Lyon Homes, or Parent, and certain of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions, or the Chapter 11 Petitions, in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, or the Bankruptcy Court, to seek approval of the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization, or the Plan, of Parent and certain of its subsidiaries. Prior to filing the Chapter 11 Petitions, Parent’s wholly-owned subsidiary, William Lyon Homes, Inc., or California Lyon, was in default under its prepetition loan agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders, or the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement, due to its failure to comply with certain financial covenants in the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement. In addition, the Company became increasingly uncertain of its ability to repay or refinance its then outstanding 7 5/8% Senior Notes when they matured on December 15, 2012. Beginning in April 2010, California Lyon entered into a series of amendments and temporary waivers with the lenders under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement related to these defaults, which prevented acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement and enabled the Company to negotiate a financial reorganization to be implemented through the bankruptcy process with its key constituents prior to the Chapter 11 Petitions. The Chapter 11 Petitions were jointly administered under the caption In re William Lyon Homes, et al., Case No. 11-14019, or the Chapter 11 Cases. The sole purpose of the Chapter 11 Cases was to restructure the debt obligations and strengthen the balance sheet of the Parent and certain of its subsidiaries.
On February 10, 2012, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan. On February 25, 2012, Parent and its subsidiaries consummated the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, including (share amounts below reflect a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split discussed above):
the issuance of 5,429,485 shares of the Company's new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or the Class A Common Stock, and $75 million aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due

33


2017, or the Notes, issued by California Lyon, in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of California Lyon;)
the amendment of California Lyon’s Prepetition Term Loan Agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders, or the Amended Term Loan Agreement, which resulted, among other things, in the increase in the principal amount outstanding under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement, the reduction in the interest rate payable under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement, and the elimination of any prepayment penalty under the Prepetition Term Loan Agreement;
the issuance, in exchange for cash and land deposits of $25 million, of 3,813,884 shares of Parent’s new Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Class B Common Stock, and a warrant to purchase 1,907,551 shares of Class B Common Stock;
the issuance of 7,858,404 shares of Parent’s new Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Convertible Preferred Stock, and 1,571,681 shares of Parent’s new Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Class C Common Stock, in exchange for aggregate cash consideration of $60 million; and
the issuance of an additional 381,091 shares of Class C Common Stock pursuant to an agreement with certain selling stockholders to backstop the offering of shares of Class C Common Stock and shares of Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or U.S. GAAP, and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and are presented on a going concern basis, which assumes the Company will be able to operate in the ordinary course of its business and realize its assets and discharge its liabilities for the foreseeable future.
Consequences of Chapter 11 Cases—Debtor in Possession Accounting
Accounting Standards Codification Topic 852-10-45, Reorganizations-Other Presentation Matters, which is applicable to companies in Chapter 11 proceedings, generally does not change the manner in which financial statements are prepared. However, it does require that the financial statements for the periods subsequent to the filing of the Chapter 11 Cases (defined below) distinguish transactions and events that are directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Amounts that can be directly associated with the reorganization and restructuring of the business must be reported separately as reorganization items in the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 and all subsequent periods through the date of emergence.
The Predecessor consolidated financial statements included in the consolidated financial statements provide for the outcome of the Plan, in particular:
pre-petition liabilities, the amounts that will ultimately be allowed for claims or contingencies, or the status and priority thereof;
the reorganization items upon confirmation of the reorganization;
the fair value of all asset, liability and equity accounts and the effect of any changes that may be made in the capitalization.
In preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements for the Predecessor, we applied ASC Topic 852 Reorganization, or ASC 852, which requires that the financial statements for periods subsequent to the reorganization filing distinguish transactions and events that were directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Accordingly, professional fees associated with the Plan, interest income earned during the reorganization process and certain gains and losses resulting from reorganization of our business have been reported separately as reorganization items. In addition, interest expense has been reported only to the extent that it was paid or expected to be paid during the reorganization process or that it is probable that it will be an allowed priority, secured, or unsecured claim under the Plan.
Upon emergence from the reorganization process, we adopted fresh start accounting in accordance with ASC 852. The adoption of fresh start accounting results in our becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the Consolidated Financial Statements on or after February 25, 2012 are not comparable to the Consolidated Financial Statements prior to that date. See Note 2 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”.

34


Fresh start accounting requires resetting the historical net book value of assets and liabilities to fair value by allocating the entity’s reorganization value to its assets pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations, or ASC 805, and Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets is recorded as goodwill on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Deferred taxes are determined in conformity with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes, or ASC 740. For additional information regarding the impact of fresh start accounting on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, see Note 3 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
Results of Operations
The U.S. housing market has continued its rebound from the cyclical lows reached during 2008 and 2009. In 2011, early signs of a recovery began to materialize in many markets around the country as a result of an improving macroeconomic backdrop and excellent housing affordability. Historically, strong housing markets have been associated with great affordability, a healthy domestic economy, positive demographic trends such as population growth and household formation, falling mortgage rates, increases in renters that qualify as homebuyers and locally based dynamics such as housing demand relative to housing supply. The Company's markets are exhibiting these positive characteristics through December 31, 2013.
In the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company delivered 1,360 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $383,300, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $521.3 million and $572.5 million, respectively. The Company has experienced significant operating momentum since 2013, during which time a variety of key housing, employment and other related economic statistics in our markets have increasingly demonstrated signs of recovery. This rebound in market conditions, when combined with the Company’s disciplined operating strategy, has resulted in eight consecutive quarters of period over period growth in net new home orders, home closings and dollar value backlog. The improving market conditions and increase in pricing is reflected in our average sales price of homes in backlog of $542,200 at December 31, 2013 which is 41% higher than the average sales price of homes closed for the year ended December 31, 2013 of $383,300.
As of December 31, 2013, the Company is selling homes in 32 communities and had a consolidated backlog of 368 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $199.5 million, representing a 9% decrease and 73% increase in units and dollars, respectively, as compared to the backlog at December 31, 2012. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company opened 21 new communities for sales. The Company believes that the attractive fundamentals in its markets, its leading market share positions, its long-standing relationships with land developers, its significant land supply and its focus on providing the best possible customer experience, positions the Company to capitalize on meaningful growth.
The Company benefits from a sizeable and well-located lot supply. As of December 31, 2013, the Company owned 10,901 lots, all of which are entitled, and had options to purchase an additional 2,846 lots. The Company’s lot supply reflects its balanced approach to land investment. The Company has a diverse mix of finished lots available for near-term homebuilding operations and longer-term strategic land positions to support future growth. The Company believes that its current inventory of owned and controlled lots is sufficient to supply the vast majority of its projected future home closings for the next three years and a portion of future home closings for a multi-year period thereafter. The Company’s meaningful supply of owned lots allows it to be selective in identifying new land acquisition opportunities, with a primary focus on optioning and acquiring land to drive closings, revenues and earnings growth in 2016 and beyond, and largely insulates it from the heavy pricing competition for near-term finished lots.
The book value of the Company's inventory was adjusted to fair value in February 2012 in conjunction with the restructuring and in accordance with fresh start accounting requirements. To facilitate the adoption of fresh start accounting, the Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist in a comprehensive assessment of the Company’s enterprise value and the allocation of value to its assets and liabilities. In the assessment, the Company generally utilized assumptions for future home sales paces and prices based upon then-prevailing market conditions in late 2011, which represented conditions near the trough of the U.S. housing downturn. Homebuilding gross margin percentage and adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage was 22.2% and 28.3%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2013, as compared to 16.6% and 25.9%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase in gross margins is primarily related to an increase in average selling price of homes on a same store basis. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the average selling price of homes on a same store basis, which represents projects that were open during comparable periods, was $328,100, compared to $287,600 for the year ended December 31, 2012.
The Company acquired Village Homes of Denver, Colorado on December 7, 2012, which marked the Company’s entry into the Colorado market and the beginning of the Colorado segment. There were no operations in our Colorado division for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 7, 2012, therefore year over year comparisons are not meaningful (“N/M”) as indicated in the comparative tables below.

35



Comparisons of the Year Ended December 31, 2013 to December 31, 2012
On a combined basis, which combines the predecessor and successor entities for the year ended December 31, 2012, revenues from homes sales increased 100% to $521.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to $261.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase is primarily due to an increase of 43% in homes closed to 1,360 homes during the 2013 period compared to 950 homes during the 2012 period, coupled with an increase in the average sales price of homes closed to $383,300 in the 2013 period compared to $275,100 in the 2012 period. On a combined basis, the number of net new home orders for the year ended December 31, 2013 increased 17% to 1,322 homes from 1,131 homes for the year ended December 31, 2012.
The average number of sales locations of the Company increased to 25 locations for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 18 for the year ended December 31, 2012. The Company’s number of new home orders per average sales location decreased 16% to 52.9 for the year ended December 31, 2013 as compared to 62.8 for the year ended December 31, 2012, which is at the one sale per week average rate we expect to sell homes.
In relation to the adoption of fresh start accounting in conjunction with the confirmation of the Plan, the results of operations for 2012 separately present the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 as Predecessor and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 as Successor. As such, the application of fresh start accounting as described in Note 3 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” is reflected in the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and not the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. The accounts reflected in the tables below, include gross margin percentage, sales and marketing expense, and general and administrative expense, are affected by the fresh start accounting. Certain statistics including (i) net new home orders, (ii) average number of sales locations, (iii) backlog, (iv) number of homes closed, (v) homes sales revenue and (vi) average sales price of homes closed are not affected by the fresh start accounting. These items are described period over period “on a combined basis”, which combines the predecessor and successor entities for the year ended December 31, 2012.
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
 
Period from
 
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
Number of Net New Home Orders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
461

 
213

 
 
38

 
251

 
210

 
84
 %
Northern California
136

 
165

 
 
23

 
188

 
(52
)
 
(28
)%
Arizona
339

 
322

 
 
93

 
415

 
(76
)
 
(18
)%
Nevada
271

 
247

 
 
21

 
268

 
3

 
1
 %
Colorado
115

 
9

 
 

 
9

 
106

 
N/M

Total
1,322

 
956

 
 
175

 
1,131

 
191

 
17
 %
Cancellation Rate
17
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
14
%
 
3
%
 
 
The 17% increase in the number of net new home orders is driven by the 84% improvement in Southern California, and full year activity from our Colorado division, offset by a decrease in Northern California and Arizona. Orders in Northern California decreased due to a decrease in the number of average sales locations during the year, which decreased by 33% in the 2013 period when compared to the 2012 period. In Arizona, new home orders per sales location were exceptionally high during the 2012 period at 138.3, and have returned to a more normalized rate of 56.5 during the 2013 period, or approximately one sale per week. Cancellation rates during the 2013 period increased to 17% from 14% during the 2012 period.
 

36


 
Successor
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
2013
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
Average Number of Sales Locations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
7

 
6

 
1

 
17
 %
Northern California
2

 
3

 
(1
)
 
(33
)%
Arizona
6

 
3

 
3

 
100
 %
Nevada
6

 
6

 

 
 %
Colorado
4

 

 
4

 
N/M

Total
25

 
18

 
7

 
39
 %

The average number of sales locations for the Company increased to 25 locations for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 18 for the year ended December 31, 2012, including an average of four sales locations in our Colorado division. Southern California increased by one sales location, and Northern California decreased by one sales location in the 2013 period compared to the 2012 period, while Arizona increased by three sales locations and Nevada remained consistent between periods. During the year ended December 2013, the Company opened 21 new sales locations, closed-out 12, and ended the year with 32 sales locations. As of December 31, 2012, the Colorado division had five sales locations, however no amount is reflected in the table above as there were only operations from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012.
 
 
 
Successor
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
Backlog (units)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
169

 
32

 
137

 
428
 %
Northern California
 
37

 
28

 
9

 
32
 %
Arizona
 
63

 
172

 
(109
)
 
(63
)%
Nevada
 
72

 
92

 
(20
)
 
(22
)%
Colorado
 
27

 
82

 
(55
)
 
(67
)%
Total
 
368

 
406

 
(38
)
 
(9
)%
The Company’s backlog at December 31, 2013 decreased 9% from 406 units at December 31, 2012 to 368 units at December 31, 2013. The decrease was driven by a 43% increase in the number of homes delivered during the year, and an increase in new home orders of 17%.
 
 
 
Successor
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)    
 
 
Backlog (dollars)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$
115,933

 
$
15,640

 
$
100,293

 
641
 %
Northern California
 
15,241

 
8,948

 
6,293

 
70
 %
Arizona
 
17,676

 
37,287

 
(19,611
)
 
(53
)%
Nevada
 
37,514

 
20,487

 
17,027

 
83
 %
Colorado
 
13,159

 
33,087

 
(19,928
)
 
(60
)%
Total
 
$
199,523

 
$
115,449

 
$
84,074

 
73
 %
The dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as of December 31, 2013 was $199.5 million, up 73% from $115.4 million as of December 31, 2012. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog reflects an increase in average sales prices for new home orders. The Company experienced an increase of 91% in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $542,200 as of December 31, 2013 compared to $284,400 as of December 31, 2012. The increase is driven by a higher concentration of units in our backlog in our Southern California region, which generally carry higher average selling prices than units in other regions. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as described above generally results in an increase in operating revenues in the subsequent period as compared to the previous period. The

37


increase in dollar amount is slightly offset by a decrease in the number of units in the backlog, down 9% as of December 31, 2013 to 368 units from 406 at December 31, 2012.
In Southern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 641% to $115.9 million as of December 31, 2013 from $15.6 million as of December 31, 2012, which is attributable to a 428% increase in the number of homes in backlog in Southern California to 169 homes as of December 31, 2013 compared to 32 homes as of December 31, 2012, driven by an 84% increase in net new home orders to 461 for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 251 homes for the year ended December 31, 2012, and a 40% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $686,000 as of December 31, 2013 compared to $488,800 as of December 31, 2012. In Southern California, the cancellation rate decreased to 9% for the year ended December 31, 2013 from 15% for the year ended December 31, 2012.
In Northern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 70% to $15.2 million as of December 31, 2013 from $8.9 million as of December 31, 2012, which is attributable to a 32% increase in the number of units in backlog to 37 as of December 31, 2013 from 28 as of December 31, 2012, along with a 29% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $411,900 as of December 31, 2013 compared to $319,600 as of December 31, 2012, offset by a 28% decrease in net new home orders in Northern California to 136 homes for the year ended December 31, 2013 compared to 188 homes for the year ended December 31, 2012. In Northern California, the cancellation rate remained consistent at 23% for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.
In Arizona, the dollar amount of backlog decreased 53% to $17.7 million as of December 31, 2013 from $37.3 million as of December 31, 2012, which is attributable to a 63% decrease in the number of units in backlog to 63 as of December 31, 2013 from 172 as of December 31, 2012, partially offset by a 29% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $280,600 as of December 31, 2013 compared to $216,800 as of December 31, 2012. In Arizona, the cancellation rate increased to 19% for the year ended December 31, 2013 from 10% for the year ended December 31, 2012.
In Nevada, the dollar amount of backlog increased 83% to $37.5 million as of December 31, 2013 from $20.5 million as of December 31, 2012, which is attributable to an increase in the average selling price of homes in backlog to $521,000 as of December 31, 2013, up 133% from $222,700 as of December 31, 2012. This increase is partially offset by a 22% decrease in the number of units in backlog to 72 as of December 31, 2013 from 92 as of December 31, 2012. In Nevada, the cancellation rate increased to 20% for the year ended December 31, 2013 from 14% for the year ended December 31, 2012.
In Colorado, the dollar amount of backlog decreased 60% to $13.2 million as of December 31, 2013, from $33.1 million as of December 31, 2012. The decrease is attributable to a 67% decrease in the number of units in the backlog at December 31, 2013, to 27 from 82 at December 31, 2012. The average selling price of homes in backlog as of December 31, 2013 was $487,400 up 21% from $403,500 at December 31, 2012.
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
 
Period from
 
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
Number of Homes Closed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
324

 
228

 
 
13

 
241

 
83

 
34
 %
Northern California
127

 
170

 
 
15

 
185

 
(58
)
 
(31
)%
Arizona
448

 
291

 
 
27

 
318

 
130

 
41
 %
Nevada
291

 
181

 
 
12

 
193

 
98

 
51
 %
Colorado
170

 
13

 
 

 
13

 
157

 
1,208
 %
Total
1,360

 
883

 
 
67

 
950

 
410

 
43
 %

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the number of homes closed increased 43% to 1,360 in the 2013 period from 950 in the 2012 period. There was a 51% increase in Nevada to 291 homes closed in the 2013 period compared to 193 homes closed in the 2012 period, a 41% increase in homes closed in Arizona to 448 in the 2013 period from 318 in the 2012 period, and a 34% increase in homes closed in Southern California to 324 in the 2013 period compared to 241 in the 2012 period. The number of homes closed in Northern California decreased during the 2013 period by 31% from the prior period. Colorado closed 157 more homes during the 2013 period than the 2012 period as a result of the inclusion of a full year of operations in the Company's results.
 

38


 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
 
Period from
 
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
 
(dollars in thousands)
Home Sales Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
$
214,559

 
$
99,671

 
 
$
5,640

 
$
105,311

 
$
109,248

 
104
 %
Northern California
47,930

 
54,207

 
 
4,250

 
58,457

 
(10,527
)
 
(18
)%
Arizona
110,397

 
47,989

 
 
4,316

 
52,305

 
58,092

 
111
 %
Nevada
78,148

 
37,307

 
 
2,481

 
39,788

 
38,360

 
96
 %
Colorado
70,276

 
5,436

 
 

 
5,436

 
64,840

 
1,193
 %
Total
$
521,310

 
$
244,610

 
 
$
16,687

 
$
261,297

 
$
260,013

 
100
 %
The increase in homebuilding revenue of 100% to $521.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 from $261.3 million for the 2012 period is primarily attributable to a 43% increase in the number of homes closed to 1,360 during the 2013 period from 950 in the 2012 period, and a 39% increase in the average sales price of homes closed to $383,300 during the 2013 period from $275,100 during the 2012 period. The increase in average home sale price resulted in a $147.1 million increase in revenue, coupled with a $112.9 million increase in revenue attributable to a 43% increase in the number of homes closed.
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
 
Period from
 
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
Average Sales Price of Homes Closed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
$
662,200

 
$
437,200

 
 
$
433,800

 
$
437,000

 
$
225,200

 
52
 %
Northern California
377,400

 
318,900

 
 
283,300

 
316,000

 
61,400

 
19
 %
Arizona
246,400

 
164,900

 
 
159,900

 
164,500

 
81,900

 
50
 %
Nevada
268,500

 
206,100

 
 
206,800

 
206,200

 
62,300

 
30
 %
Colorado
413,400

 
418,200

 
 

 
418,200

 
(4,800
)
 
(1
)%
Total
$
383,300

 
$
277,000

 
 
$
249,100

 
$
275,100

 
$
108,200

 
39
 %

The average sales price of homes closed for the 2013 period increased primarily due to increasing price points, as well as product mix of our actively selling projects to projects available to our "move up" buyers, particularly in California and Arizona. In the Southern California segment, the overall increase is primarily attributable to 67 closings in two communities that opened during 2013 with an average sales price of over $1.0 million. In the Arizona segment the average sales price of homes closed was positively impacted by a shift in product mix with the opening of two projects classified as first move-up. On a same store basis, the average sales price of homes closed for the 2013 period was $328,100, a 14% increase over $287,600 in the 2012 period.
 

39


 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
25.7
%
 
16.1
%
 
 
11.8
%
Northern California
25.7
%
 
22.8
%
 
 
14.6
%
Arizona
20.1
%
 
13.2
%
 
 
11.6
%
Nevada
23.6
%
 
15.7
%
 
 
12.0
%
Colorado
10.9
%
 
14.9
%
 
 

Total
22.2
%
 
16.9
%
 
 
12.5
%
Adjusted Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage
28.3
%
 
26.2
%
 
 
20.7
%
For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 are as follows:
In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 960 basis points to 25.7% during the 2013 period compared to 16.1% during the 2012 period. The increase was attributable to a shift to higher margin projects, as well as a same store average sales price increase of 27%, from $404,000 in the 2012 period to $512,300 in the 2013 period. Average sales price of homes closed in Southern California increased 51% during the 2013 period from $437,200 in the 2012 period to $662,200 for the year ended December 31, 2013.
In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 290 basis points to 25.7% in the 2013 period from 22.8% in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, the average sales price of homes closed increased from $236,000 in the 2012 period to $377,700 in the 2013 period, or 60%. The average selling price of homes closed in Northern California increased by 18% in the 2013 period, from $318,900 in the 2012 period to $377,400 for the year ended December 31, 2013.
In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins increased 690 basis points to 20.1% for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to 13.2% in the 2012 period. The increase was due to a 49% increase in the average sales price of homes closed in the 2013 period to $246,400, from $164,900 in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, the average sales price of homes closed increased to $238,500, or 25%, from $190,800 in the 2012 period.
In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 790 basis points, from 15.7% in the 2012 period to 23.6% in the 2013 period due to a shift to higher margin projects. The average sales price of homes closed increased to $268,500 in the 2013 period from $206,100, or an increase of 30%. On a same store basis, average selling price of homes closed increased by 9%, to $241,300 in the 2013 period from $222,300 in the 2012 period.
In Colorado, homebuilding gross margins were 14.9% during the 2012 period, which represents the period from acquisition on December 7, 2012 through December 31, 2012. For the year ended December 31, 2013 homebuilding gross margin was 10.9% . Upon acquisition of the Colorado division in December 2012, the Company recorded inventory at fair value which created lower margins as compared to the other divisions.
For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 are as follows:
In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 1,390 basis points in the 2013 period to 25.7% from 11.8% in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, average sales price increased 27% to $477,300 in the 2013 period compared to $374,700 in the 2012 period.
In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 1,110 basis points in the 2013 period to 25.7% from 14.6% in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, average sales price increased 33% to $285,800 in the 2013 period compared to $215,600 in the 2012 period.
In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins increased 850 basis points in the 2013 period to 20.1% from 11.6% in the 2012 period. Average sales price increased 54% to $246,400 in the 2013 period compared to $159,900 in the 2012 period.
In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 790 basis points in the 2013 period to 23.6% from 15.7% in the 2012 period. On a same store basis, average sales price was fairly consistent at $241,300 in the 2013 period compared to $240,500 in the 2012 period.

40


In Colorado, homebuilding margins were 10.9% during the 2013 period, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, which is significantly lower than the gross margins of the other divisions. Upon acquisition of the Colorado division in December 2012, the Company marked up inventory to fair value which created lower margins in subsequent periods.
For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013, and the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage, which excludes previously capitalized interest included in cost of sales, was 28.3% for the 2013 period compared to 26.2% for the 2012 period. The increase was primarily a result of the changes discussed for homebuilding gross margins described previously.
For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage was 28.3% for the 2013 period compared to 20.7% for the 2012 period.
Adjusted homebuilding gross margin is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Company believes this information is meaningful as it isolates the impact that interest has on homebuilding gross margin and permits investors to make better comparisons with its competitors, who also break out and adjust gross margins in a similar fashion. See table set forth below reconciling this non-GAAP measure to homebuilding gross margin.
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
(dollars in thousands)
Home sales revenue
$
521,310

 
$
244,610

 
 
$
16,687

Cost of home sales
405,496

 
203,203

 
 
14,598

Homebuilding gross margin
115,814

 
41,407

 
 
2,089

Add: Interest in cost of sales
31,853

 
22,728

 
 
1,360

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin
$
147,667

 
$
64,135

 
 
$
3,449

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage
28.3
%
 
26.2
%
 
 
20.7
%

Lots, Land, and Other Sales Revenue
Lots, land and other sales decreased to $18.7 million in the 2013 period from $104.3 million in the 2012 period attributable to sales of land in Mesa, Arizona for a sales price of $15.2 million and Surprise, Arizona for a sales price of $3.5 million in the 2013 period, compared to the sale of a 27-acre parcel in Palo Alto and Mountain View, California, known as the former Mayfield Mall for a sales price of $90.0 million in the second quarter of 2012, a sale in Mesa, Arizona for a sales price of $6.5 million in the third quarter of 2012, a sale in Elk Grove, California for a sales price of $2.8 million in the third quarter of 2012, and a sale in Peoria, Arizona for a sales price of $4.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2012. The Company incurred $14.7 million in Cost of sales-lots, land and other for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $94.8 million in the 2012 period as a result of the above referenced transactions.
Construction Services Revenue
Construction services revenue, which was all recorded in Southern California and Northern California, was $32.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $23.8 million for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and $8.9 million for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. The decrease is primarily due to a slight decrease in the number of construction services projects in the 2013 period, compared to the 2012 period.






41


Sales and Marketing Expense
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
(dollars in thousands)
Sales and Marketing Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Homebuilding
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
$
9,207

 
$
5,796

 
 
$
942

Northern California
3,131

 
2,732

 
 
463

Arizona
5,179

 
2,805

 
 
260

Nevada
4,401

 
2,291

 
 
279

Colorado
4,184

 
304

 
 

Total
$
26,102

 
$
13,928

 
 
$
1,944

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Successor entity for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenue decreased to 5.0% in the 2013 from 5.7% in the 2012 period, reflecting the impact of higher housing revenues in the current period. This is primarily attributable to a decrease in commission expense as a percentage of homes sales revenue to 2.8% in the 2013 period compared to 3.7% in the 2012 period.
For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 to the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue decreased to 5.0% from 11.6% in the 2012 period. This is primarily attributable to the cost of operating the sales models and base sales person compensation incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

General and Administrative Expense
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
General and Administrative Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Homebuilding
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
$
6,883

 
$
3,540

 
 
$
707

Northern California
2,392

 
1,098

 
 
222

Arizona
2,951

 
2,102

 
 
318

Nevada
3,577

 
2,114

 
 
357

Colorado
2,627

 
235

 
 

Corporate
22,340

 
17,006

 
 
1,698

Total
$
40,770

 
$
26,095

 
 
$
3,302

For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues, decreased to 7.8% from 10.7% in the 2012 period, reflecting the impact of higher housing revenues in the current period, partially offset by an increase in salaries and benefits in the 2013 period.
For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues decreased to 7.8% from 19.8% in the 2012 period. This is primarily attributable to the fixed costs of salaries and benefits incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.


42


Other Items
Combined other operating costs remained relatively consistent at $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to $2.9 million for the Successor entity for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and $0.2 million for the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012.
Interest activity for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1 2012 through February 24, 2012 are as follows (in thousands):
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Interest incurred
$
31,875

 
$
30,526

 
$
7,145

Less: Interest capitalized
(29,273
)
 
(21,399
)
 
(4,638
)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
$
2,602

 
$
9,127

 
$
2,507

Cash paid for interest
$
29,769

 
$
26,560

 
$
8,924

The decrease in interest incurred for the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to the period from February 25 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1 through February 24, 2012 reflects a decrease in the Company's average cost of capital, as well as a decrease in the Company's overall debt. Interest capitalized relative to the amount incurred was higher in the 2013 period when compared to the 2012 period due to an increased amount of qualifying assets relative to our increasing inventory balance in the 2013 period.
Reorganization Items
During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company incurred $0.5 million in reorganization costs compared to $2.5 million during the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 for legal and professional fees. During the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company recorded reorganization items of $233.5 million which primarily consisted of a gain of approximately $298.8 million resulting from cancellation of debt. The overall gain was partially offset by approximately $49.3 million in adjustments related to plan implementation and fresh start adjustments, approximately $7.8 million in professional fees, and approximately $8.3 million of debt financing cost write-off. associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business.
Provision for Income Taxes
The Company recorded a net benefit from income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2013 (net of a provision for income taxes) of $82.3 million. The benefit primarily relates to the Company's determination during the fourth quarter of 2013 that $95.6 million of deferred income tax assets that had previously been reserved were more likely than not (likelihood of greater than 50%) to be realized. Under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"), a Company is required to reduce its deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance recorded must be sufficient to reduce the deferred tax asset to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The Company performs an assessment of the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis. In performing this assessment, the Company must evaluate all available evidence, both positive and negative.
The positive evidence considered in reaching the conclusion to reverse a substantial portion of our valuation allowance included:

Three-year cumulative book income position during the three-year period ended December 31, 2013;
Three consecutive quarters of pre-tax book income;
Improvement of the housing market evidenced by the fact that home sales and prices have steadily trended upwards in all of our markets and homebuyer confidence has increased with reports of falling unemployment and historically low interest rates. We have eight consecutive quarters of period over period growth in net new home orders, home closings and the dollar value of backlog through December 31, 2013;
Forecasted positive future results which were “stress tested” by modifying management’s expectations for various potential less favorable conditions;
Taxable income was generated in 2012 and 2013, and based on our projections, we anticipate generating taxable income in 2014 and beyond;

43


Third party analysis of the homebuilder market from economists and analysts which are consistent with our forecast for positive future financial results; and
Similar positive financial results have been experienced by industry peers.

The negative evidence considered in reaching the conclusion to reverse a substantial portion of our valuation allowance included:

Three-year cumulative book income position during the three-year cumulative period ended December 31, 2013 was aided by a book gain from our reorganization in 2012;
During the housing downturn, the Company incurred significant non-recurring losses from impairment, land sales and interest cost;
Mortgage rates are at a historic low and are expected to increase in the future which could have an impact on home prices;
Land prices have increased which may impact our ability to add to our lot position; and
The Company has an annual limitation on tax attributes under IRC §382. It is expected that some of the Company’s NOLs will expire unused at the end of their carry forward period.

Taking all of the foregoing information into account, the Company's analysis demonstrated that even if the Company were unable to generate the level of sales activity and pre-tax income that it generated during 2013, the Company would continue to generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the majority of its deferred tax assets. In order to realize the deferred tax asset, the minimum amount of taxable income the Company must generate is the Company’s annual limitation under IRC §382 of $3.6 million during the 20 year carryforward period allowed under tax law. The Company's analysis projects annual taxable income in excess of this amount for the foreseeable future. This fact, coupled with other positive evidence described above, significantly outweighed the negative evidence and based on this analysis management concluded, in accordance with ASC 740, that it was more likely than not that the majority of its deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2013 would be realized. In order to realize the Company’s annual limitation of $3.6 million during the 20 year carryforward period allowed under tax law, and the Company may incur a tax liability with respect to such income.    

As of December 31, 2013, the Company had unused federal and state built-in losses of $67.6 million and $37.7 million, respectively. The 5 year testing period for built-in losses expires in 2017 and the unused built-in loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2033.
The remaining valuation allowance at December 31, 2013 relates to projected excess realized built-in-losses and state net operating losses which may expire unused. For the year ended December 31, 2012, due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of the cumulative federal and state deferred tax assets, the Company had a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets for the year in the amount of $200.0 million.
Net Income Attributable Noncontrolling Interest
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest increased to $6.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2013, compared to income of $2.0 million for the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and $0.1 million for the Predecessor entity for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012. The increase is due to increased joint venture activity in 2013, with the formation of two joint ventures during the 2013 period.
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to William Lyon Homes
As a result of the preceding factors, net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 was net income of $129.1 million, net loss of $8.9 million, and net income of $228.4 million, respectively
Preferred Stock Dividends
The preferred stock dividends were $1.5 million in the 2013 period compared to $2.7 million in the 2012 period. The decrease in 2013 is attributed to approximately five months of dividends, from January 2013 through the Company's IPO on May 21, 2013, upon which all of the Company's convertible preferred stock was converted into Class A common stock, as compared to approximately ten months of dividends in the 2012 Successor period.

Lots Owned and Controlled
The table below summarizes the Company’s lots owned and controlled as of the periods presented:
 

44


 
 
Successor
 
Increase (Decrease)
December 31,
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
Amount
 
%
Lots Owned
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
1,018

 
1,114

 
(96
)
 
(9
)%
Northern California
 
917

 
259

 
658

 
254
 %
Arizona
 
5,376

 
6,082

 
(706
)
 
(12
)%
Nevada
 
2,828

 
2,884

 
(56
)
 
(2
)%
Colorado
 
762

 
254

 
508

 
200
 %
Total
 
10,901

 
10,593

 
308

 
3
 %
Lots Controlled(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
1,200

 
96

 
1,104

 
1,150
 %
Northern California
 
653

 
674

 
(21
)
 
(3
)%
Arizona
 
210

 

 
210

 
 %
Nevada
 
285

 

 
285

 
 %
Colorado
 
498

 
479

 
19

 
4
 %
Total
 
2,846

 
1,249

 
1,597

 
128
 %
Total Lots Owned and Controlled
 
13,747

 
11,842

 
1,905

 
16
 %
 
(1)
Lots controlled may be purchased by the Company as consolidated projects or may be purchased by newly formed joint ventures.
Total lots owned and controlled has increased 16% to 13,747 lots owned and controlled at December 31, 2013 from 11,842 lots at December 31, 2012. The increase is primarily attributable to significant land acquisition to increase lot count in core markets in order to support continued growth. Most notably during the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company had a net increase of 658 lots owned in the Northern California segment, and 508 lots owned in the Colorado segment.

Comparisons of the Year Ended December 31, 2012 to December 31, 2011
On a combined basis, which combines the predecessor and successor entities for the year ended December 31, 2012, revenues from homes sales increased 26% to $261.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $207.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase is primarily due to an increase of 55% in homes closed to 950 homes during the 2012 period compared to 614 homes during the 2011 period, offset by a decrease in the average sales price of homes closed to $275,100 in the 2012 period compared to $337,200 in the 2011 period. On a combined basis, the number of net new home orders for the year ended December 31, 2012 increased 69% to 1,131 homes from 669 homes for the year ended December 31, 2011.
The average number of sales locations of the Company decreased to 18 locations for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 19 at December 31, 2011. The Company’s number of new home orders per average sales location increased 78% to 62.8 for the year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to 35.2 for the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

45


 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Predecessor
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
Period from
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
Number of Net New Home Orders
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
213

 
38

 
251

 
211

 
40

 
19
%
Northern California
165

 
23

 
188

 
147

 
41

 
28
%
Arizona
322

 
93

 
415

 
202

 
213

 
105
%
Nevada
247

 
21

 
268

 
109

 
159

 
146
%
Colorado
9

 

 
9

 

 
9

 
N/M

Total
956

 
175

 
1,131

 
669

 
462

 
69
%
Cancellation Rate
 
 
 
 
14
%
 
18
%
 
(4
)%
 
 
Net new home orders in each segment increased period over period primarily attributable to improving market conditions. Excluding our Colorado division which only had sales activity from December 7, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the weekly average sales rates for the period were 1.2 sales per project during the 2012 period compared to 0.7 sales per project during the 2011 period. In Arizona, net new home orders more than doubled from 202 in the 2011 period to 415 in the 2012 period driven by the opening of three new projects in the second quarter of 2012 and an additional three new projects in the fourth quarter of 2012. In Nevada, net new home orders more than doubled from 109 in the 2011 period to 268 in the 2012 period. The increase in net new home orders is due to an improvement in the housing market and overall homebuyer demand. In addition, we have opened new communities in well located areas with strong homebuyer demand. The increase in net new home orders positively impacts the number of homes in backlog, which are homes that will close in future periods. As new home orders and backlog increase, it has a positive impact on revenues and cash flow in future periods.
Cancellation rates during the 2012 period decreased to 14% from 18% during the 2011 period. The change includes a decrease in Southern California’s cancellation rate to 15% in the 2012 period compared to 24% in the 2011 period, a decrease in Nevada’s cancellation rate to 14% in the 2012 period from 20% in the 2011 period, offset by an increase in Northern California’s cancellation rate to 23% in the 2012 period from 18% in the 2011 period and an increase in Arizona’s cancellation rate to 10% in the 2012 period from 7% in the 2011 period. The cancellation rate in Colorado was 10% in the 2012 period, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period. The overall lower cancellation rate is due to an increase in the number of highly qualified, credit worthy customers purchasing homes.
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
Average Number of Sales Locations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
6

 
7

 
(1
)
 
(14
)%
Northern California
3

 
4

 
(1
)
 
(25
)%
Arizona
3

 
2

 
1

 
50
 %
Nevada
6

 
6

 

 
 %
Total
18

 
19

 
(1
)
 
(5
)%

The average number of sales locations for the Company decreased to 18 locations for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 19 at December 31, 2011. Southern California and Northern California each decreased by one sales location in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period, while Arizona increased by one sales location and Nevada remained consistent in the 2012 period compared to the 2011 period. As of December 31, 2012, the Colorado division had five sales locations, however it is not included in the table above as there were only operations from December 7, 2012 (date of acquisition) through December 31, 2012.
 

46


 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
Backlog (units)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
32

 
22

 
10

 
45
%
Northern California
 
28

 
25

 
3

 
12
%
Arizona
 
172

 
75

 
97

 
129
%
Nevada
 
92

 
17

 
75

 
441
%
Colorado
 
82

 

 
82

 
N/M

Total
 
406

 
139

 
267

 
192
%
The Company’s backlog at December 31, 2012 increased 192% from 139 units at December 31, 2011 to 406 units at December 31, 2012. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in net new home orders during the period driven by the Nevada division, which had a 146% increase in net new home orders, which contributed to a 441% increase in backlog, and the Arizona division, which had a 105% increase in net new home orders, which contributed to a 129% increase in backlog. The increase in backlog at year end reflects an increase in the number of homes closed to 950 during the year ended December 31, 2012 from 614 during the year ended December 31, 2011, and a 69% increase in total net new order activity to 1,131 homes during the year ended December 31, 2012 from 669 homes during the year ended December 31, 2011. All divisions continue their strong performance due to increased homebuyer confidence and improvement in all of our markets.
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)    
 
 
Backlog (dollars)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$
15,640

 
$
8,148

 
$
7,492

 
92
%
Northern California
 
8,948

 
7,125

 
1,823

 
26
%
Arizona
 
37,287

 
10,294

 
26,993

 
262
%
Nevada
 
20,487

 
3,762

 
16,725

 
445
%
Colorado
 
33,087

 

 
33,087

 
N/M

Total
 
$
115,449

 
$
29,329

 
$
86,120

 
294
%
The dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as of December 31, 2012 was $115.4 million, up 294% from $29.3 million as of December 31, 2011. The increase during this period reflects a 192% increase in the number of homes in backlog to 406 homes as of December 31, 2012 compared to 139 homes as of December 31, 2011. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog reflects an increase in average sales prices for new home orders. The Company experienced an increase of 35% in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $284,400 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $211,000 as of December 31, 2011. The increase is driven by a higher price point of our actively selling projects in Arizona in three new communities that opened in 2012, as well as an average sales price of homes in backlog in Colorado of $403, 500 with no comparable amount in the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase in the dollar amount of backlog of homes sold but not closed as described above generally results in an increase in operating revenues in the subsequent period as compared to the previous period.
In Southern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 92% to $15.6 million as of December 31, 2012 from $8.1 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 45% increase in the number of homes in backlog in Southern California to 32 homes as of December 31, 2012 compared to 22 homes as of December 31, 2011, and a 19% increase in net new home orders to 251 for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 211 homes for the year ended December 31, 2011, and a 32% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $488,800 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $370,400 as of December 31, 2011. In Southern California, the cancellation rate decreased to 15% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 24% for the year ended December 31, 2011.
In Northern California, the dollar amount of backlog increased 26% to $8.9 million as of December 31, 2012 from $7.1 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 12% increase in the number of units in backlog to 28 as of December 31, 2012 from 25 as of December 31, 2011, along with a 12% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $319,600 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $285,000 as of December 31, 2011, as well as a 28% increase in net new home orders in Northern California to 188 homes for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 147 homes for the

47


year ended December 31, 2011. In Northern California, the cancellation rate increased to 23% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 18% for the year ended December 31, 2011.
In Arizona, the dollar amount of backlog increased 262% to $37.3 million as of December 31, 2012 from $10.3 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 129% increase in the number of units in backlog to 172 as of December 31, 2012 from 75 as of December 31, 2011, along with a 105% increase in net new home orders in Arizona to 415 homes during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 202 homes during the year ended December 31, 2011, and a 58% increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $216,800 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $137,300 as of December 31, 2011. In Arizona, the cancellation rate increased to 10% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 7% for the year ended December 31, 2011.
In Nevada, the dollar amount of backlog increased 445% to $20.5 million as of December 31, 2012 from $3.8 million as of December 31, 2011, which is attributable to a 441% increase in the number of units in backlog to 92 as of December 31, 2012 from 17 as of December 31, 2011, along with a 146% increase in net new home orders in Nevada to 268 homes during the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to 109 homes during the year ended December 31, 2011, and a slight increase in the average sales price of homes in backlog to $222,700 as of December 31, 2012 compared to $221,300 as of December 31, 2011. In Nevada, the cancellation rate decreased to 14% for the year ended December 31, 2012 from 20% for the year ended December 31, 2011.
In Colorado, the dollar amount of backlog was $33.1 million as of December 31, 2012, with no comparable amount as of December 31, 2011.
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Predecessor
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
Period from
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
Number of Homes Closed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
228

 
13

 
241

 
223

 
18

 
8
%
Northern California
 
170

 
15

 
185

 
141

 
44

 
31
%
Arizona
 
291

 
27

 
318

 
135

 
183

 
136
%
Nevada
 
181

 
12

 
193

 
115

 
78

 
68
%
Colorado
 
13

 

 
13

 

 
13

 
N/M

Total
 
883

 
67

 
950

 
614

 
336

 
55
%

During the year ended December 31, 2012, the number of homes closed increased 55% to 950 in the 2012 period from 614 in the 2011 period. The increase in home closings is primarily attributable to an increase in beginning backlog for the period of 65% to 139 units at December 31, 2011 compared to 84 units at December 31, 2010. There was a 136% increase in Arizona to 318 homes closed in the 2012 period compared to 135 homes closed in the 2011 period, a 31% increase in homes closed in Northern California to 185 in the 2012 period from 141 in the 2011 period, and a 68% increase in homes closed in Nevada to 193 in the 2012 period compared to 115 in the 2011 period. Colorado had 13 home closings during the 2012 period, with no comparable activity in the 2011 period.
 

48


 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Predecessor
 
Increase (Decrease)    
 
 
Period from
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Home Sales Revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$
99,671

 
$
5,640

 
$
105,311

 
$
110,969

 
$
(5,658
)
 
(5
)%
Northern California
 
54,207

 
4,250

 
58,457

 
54,141

 
4,316

 
8
 %
Arizona
 
47,989

 
4,316

 
52,305

 
20,074

 
32,231

 
161
 %
Nevada
 
37,307

 
2,481

 
39,788

 
21,871

 
17,917

 
82
 %
Colorado
 
5,436

 

 
5,436

 

 
5,436

 
N/M

Total
 
$
244,610

 
$
16,687

 
$
261,297

 
$
207,055

 
$
54,242

 
26
 %
The increase in homebuilding revenue of 26% to $261.3 million for the period ending 2012 from $207.1 million for the period ending 2011 is primarily attributable to a 55% increase in the number of homes closed to 950 during the 2012 period from 614 in the 2011 period, offset by an 18% decrease in the average sales price of homes closed to $275,100 during the 2012 period from $337,200 during the 2011 period. The decrease in average home sale price resulted in a $59.0 million decrease in revenue, offset by a $113.2 million increase in revenue attributable to a 55% increase in the number of homes closed.
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Combined
 
Predecessor
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
Period from
 
Period from
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
February 25 through
December 31,
 
January 1 through
February 24,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012
 
2012
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
Average Sales Price of Homes Closed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$
437,200

 
$
433,800

 
$
437,000

 
$
497,600

 
$
(60,600
)
 
(12
)%
Northern California
 
318,900

 
283,300

 
316,000

 
384,000

 
(68,000
)
 
(18
)%
Arizona
 
164,900

 
159,900

 
164,500

 
148,700

 
15,800

 
11
 %
Nevada
 
206,100

 
206,800

 
206,200

 
190,200

 
16,000

 
8
 %
Colorado
 
418,200

 

 
418,200

 

 
418,200

 
N/M

Total
 
$
277,000

 
$
249,100

 
$
275,100

 
$
337,200

 
$
(62,100
)
 
(18
)%

The average sales price of homes closed for the 2012 period decreased primarily due to a lower price point of our actively selling projects to projects available to first time buyers or first time “move up” buyers. In the Southern California and Northern California segments, the overall average sales price decrease is primarily due to a change in product mix, in which the number of homes closed with a sale price in excess of $500,000 was 153 in the 2011 period and 81 in the 2012 period. The decrease in average sales prices for the period was due to new projects that were released during 2012 with an average sales price of $326,900, which is below the prior period average of $337,200.
 

49


 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Predecessor
 
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
16.1
%
 
11.8
%
 
10.9
%
Northern California
 
22.8
%
 
14.6
%
 
11.1
%
Arizona
 
13.2
%
 
11.6
%
 
11.8
%
Nevada
 
15.7
%
 
12.0
%
 
9.7
%
Colorado
 
14.9
%
 

 

Total
 
16.9
%
 
12.5
%
 
10.9
%
Adjusted Homebuilding Gross Margin Percentage
 
26.2
%
 
20.7
%
 
19.6
%
For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows:
In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins increased to 16.1% during the 2012 period compared to 10.9% during the 2011 period. Margins were slightly impacted by fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently increased gross margins by 0.9%. Average sales price of homes closed in Southern California for new projects released during 2012 was $585,400 as compared to prior period average sales price of homes closed of $497,600. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.
In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins more than doubled to 22.8% in the 2012 period due to (i) the impact of fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis in each property in the division, and subsequently increased gross margins by 4.6%, and (ii) cost savings from previously closed out projects. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.
In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins remained relatively consistent due to the impact of fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which increased the cost basis in each property in the division, and subsequently decreased gross margins by 1.1%, and an 11% increase in average sales price of homes closed. Average sales price of homes closed in Arizona for new projects released during 2012 was $217,000 as compared to prior period average sales price of homes closed of $148,700. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.
In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 6.0% due to the impact of fresh start accounting on the real estate values, which decreased the cost basis on some properties in the division and increased the cost basis on others, and subsequently increased gross margins by 0.8%, and an increase in average sales prices in Nevada from $190,200 in the 2011 period to $206,100 in the 2012 period. In addition, the Company has experienced increases in sales prices and decreases in incentives during 2012.
In Colorado, homebuilding gross margins were 14.9% during the 2012 period, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period.
For homebuilding gross margins, the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows:
In Southern California, homebuilding gross margins remained relatively consistent due to a 13% decrease in the average sales price of homes closed of $433,800 in the 2012 period from $497,600 in the 2011 period, offset by a decrease in the average cost per home closed of 14% from $443,500 in the 2011 period to $382,500 in the 2012 period.
In Northern California, homebuilding gross margins increased 3.5% in the 2012 period due to a decrease in the average cost per home closed of 29% from $341,400 in the 2011 period to $241,900 in the 2012 period, offset by a 26% decrease in the average sales price of homes closed of $283,300 in the 2012 period from $384,000 in the 2011 period.
In Arizona, homebuilding gross margins remained relatively consistent due to an increase in the average cost per home closed of 8% from $131,200 in the 2011 period to $141,100 in the 2012 period, offset by an 8% increase in the average sales price of homes closed to $159,900 in the 2012 period from $148,700 in the 2011 period.

50


In Nevada, homebuilding gross margins increased 2.3% in the 2012 period due to a 9% increase in the average sales price of homes closed of $206,800 in the 2012 period from $190,200 in the 2011 period, offset by an increase in the average cost per home closed of 6% from $171,800 in the 2011 period to $181,900 in the 2012 period.
For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage, which excludes previously capitalized interest included in cost of sales, was 26.2% for the 2012 period compared to 19.6% for the 2011 period. The increase was primarily a result of the changes discussed for homebuilding gross margins described previously.
For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage was 20.7% for the 2012 period compared to 19.6% for the 2011 period.
Adjusted homebuilding gross margin is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Company believes this information is meaningful as it isolates the impact that interest has on homebuilding gross margin and permits investors to make better comparisons with its competitors, who also break out and adjust gross margins in a similar fashion. See table set forth below reconciling this non-GAAP measure to homebuilding gross margin.
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Predecessor
 
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Home sales revenue
 
$
244,610

 
$
16,687

 
$
207,055

Cost of home sales
 
203,203

 
14,598

 
184,489

Homebuilding gross margin
 
41,407

 
2,089

 
22,566

Add: Interest in cost of sales
 
22,728

 
1,360

 
18,082

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin
 
$
64,135

 
$
3,449

 
$
40,648

Adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage
 
26.2
%
 
20.7
%
 
19.6
%

Lots, Land, and Other Sales Revenue
Lots, land and other sales increased to $104.3 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period primarily attributable to the sale of a 27-acre parcel in Palo Alto and Mountain View, California for a sales price of $90.0 million in the second quarter of 2012, the sale of 58 lots in Mesa, Arizona for a sales price of $6.5 million in the third quarter of 2012, the sale of 40 lots in Elk Grove, California for a sales price of $2.8 million in the third quarter of 2012, and the sale of 84 lots in Peoria, Arizona for a sales price of $4.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2012. As a result of the sales described above, cost of sales – lots, land and other increased to $94.8 million, which includes adjustments to land basis for fresh start accounting, in the 2012 period compared to a negligible amount in the 2011 period.
Construction Services Revenue
Construction services revenue, which was all recorded in Southern California and Northern California, was $23.8 million for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and $8.9 million for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 compared with $19.8 million in the 2011 period. The increase is primarily due to an increase in the number of construction services projects in the 2012 period, compared to the 2011 period. In Northern California, the Company started construction on one project which contributed approximately $14.4 million in the 2012 period. See Note 1 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for further discussion.






51


Impairment Loss on Real Estate Assets
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Predecessor
 
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Land under development and homes completed and under construction
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$

 
$

 
$
17,962

Northern California
 

 

 
2,074

Arizona
 

 

 
10,650

Nevada
 

 

 
4,149

Total
 
$

 
$

 
$
34,835

Land held for future development or sold
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arizona
 

 

 
76,957

Nevada
 

 

 
16,522

Total
 

 

 
93,479

Total impairment loss on real estate assets
 
$

 
$

 
$
128,314

The Company evaluates homebuilding assets for impairment when indicators of impairments are present. Indicators of potential impairment include, but are not limited to, a decrease in housing market values, sales absorption rates, and sales prices. On February 24, 2012, the Company adopted fresh start accounting under ASC 852, Reorganizations, and recorded all real estate inventories at fair value. Subsequent to February 24, 2012 and throughout each quarter of 2012, there were no indicators of impairment, as sales prices and sales absorption rates have improved and incentives have decreased. For the 2012 period, there were no impairment charges recorded.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded an impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million. The impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from (i) in certain projects, a decrease in home sales prices related to increased incentives and (ii) a decrease in sales absorption rates which increased the length of time of the project and increased period costs related to the project. During 2011, the Company updated project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on a quarterly basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows were more than the net book value of the project, then there was no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows were less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset was deemed to be impaired and was written-down to its fair value. During the 2011 period, the Company adjusted discount rates to a range of 18% to 22%.
The impairment loss related to land held for future development or sold during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from the reduced value of the land in the project. The Company values land held for future development using, (i) projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the land, on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project, (ii) recent, legitimate offers received, (iii) prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, and other factors. In addition, the Company may use appraisals to best determine the as-is value. The Company continues to evaluate land values to determine whether to hold for development or to sell at current prices, which may lead to additional impairment on real estate assets.







52


Sales and Marketing Expense
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Predecessor
 
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Sales and Marketing Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Homebuilding
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$
5,796

 
$
942

 
$
8,480

Northern California
 
2,732

 
463

 
4,227

Arizona
 
2,805

 
260

 
1,318

Nevada
 
2,291

 
279

 
2,823

Colorado
 
304

 

 

Total
 
$
13,928

 
$
1,944

 
$
16,848

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenue decreased to 5.7% in the 2012 period compared to 8.1% in the 2011 period. This is primarily attributable to a decrease in advertising expense to $2.9 million in the 2012 period compared to $5.8 million in the 2011 period, due to cost reduction efforts to use more economically efficient platforms for advertising. Such decrease is partially offset by an increase in commission expense to $9.5 million in the 2012 period from $7.9 million in the 2011 period, due to a 55% increase in home closings in the 2012 period.
For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue increased to 11.6% in the 2012 period compared to 8.1 % in the 2011 period. This is primarily attributable to the cost of operating the sales models and base sales person compensation incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

General and Administrative Expense
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Predecessor
 
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
Year
Ended
December 31,
2011
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
General and Administrative Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Homebuilding
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
$
3,540

 
$
707

 
$
3,665

Northern California
 
1,098

 
222

 
1,388

Arizona
 
2,102

 
318

 
1,884

Nevada
 
2,114

 
357

 
2,349

Colorado
 
235

 

 

Corporate
 
17,006

 
1,698

 
13,125

Total
 
$
26,095

 
$
3,302

 
$
22,411

For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues, remained consistent at 10.7% in the 2012 period and 10.8% in the 2011 period, reflecting the impact of higher housing revenues in the current period, partially offset by $3.7 million in stock based compensation expense recorded in the fourth quarter of 2012.
For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, general and administrative expense as a percentage of homebuilding revenues increased to 19.8% in the 2012 period compared to 10.8% in the 2011 period. This is primarily attributable to the fixed costs of salaries and benefits incurred on a monthly basis relative to the respective revenue in each period.

53


Other Items
Combined other operating costs remained relatively consistent at $3.1 million in the 2012 period compared to $4.0 million in the 2011 period.
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures was $0 in the 2012 period compared to income of $3.6 million during the 2011 period. The income during the 2011 period was primarily due to the sale of the Company’s interest in one of its unconsolidated joint ventures.
During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company incurred interest of $30.5 million, and $7.1 million, respectively. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company capitalized interest of $21.4 million, and $4.6 million, respectively. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company recorded $9.1 million, and $2.5 million, respectively, of interest expense. During the 2011 period, the Company incurred interest related to its outstanding debt of $61.4 million, of which $36.9 million was capitalized, resulting in net interest expense of $24.5 million. The decrease in interest expense in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period is primarily attributable to the lower interest rate and reduced outstanding debt obtained as a result of the debt restructuring in the 2012 period.
Reorganization Items
During the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Company recorded reorganization items of $233.5 million associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business. During the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the Company incurred reorganization costs of $2.5 million for legal and professional fees. The Company incurred reorganization costs of $21.2 million for legal and professional fees during the year ended December 31, 2011.
Noncontrolling Interest
For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, net income attributable to noncontrolling interest increased to income of $2.0 million in the 2012 period compared to income of $0.4 million in the 2011 period. The change is primarily due to an increase in the numbers of homes closed in consolidated joint ventures to 45 in the 2012 period from 29 in the 2011 period.
Preferred Stock Dividends
The preferred stock dividends were $2.7 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period due to the issuance of preferred stock in conjunction with the Company’s reorganization.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board ASC 740, Income Taxes, using an asset and liability approach. Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards measured by applying currently enacted tax laws. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to William Lyon Homes
Net income includes reorganization items of approximately $233.5 million for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 which primarily consists of a gain of approximately $298.8 million which resulted from cancellation of debt. The overall gain was partially offset by approximately $49.3 million in adjustments related to plan implementation and fresh start adjustments, approximately $7.8 million in professional fees, and approximately $8.3 million of debt financing cost write-off. For the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, net loss includes reorganization items of $2.5 million which consist of professional fees relating to the restructure. As a result of the foregoing factors, net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, was a net loss of $8.9 million, and net income of $228.4 million, respectively, compared to net loss for the year ended December 31, 2011 of $193.3 million.





54


Lots Owned and Controlled
The table below summarizes the Company’s lots owned and controlled as of the periods presented:
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Increase (Decrease)
December 31,
 
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%
Lots Owned
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
1,114

 
713

 
401

 
56
 %
Northern California
 
259

 
767

 
(508
)
 
(66
)%
Arizona
 
6,082

 
6,194

 
(112
)
 
(2
)%
Nevada
 
2,884

 
2,676

 
208

 
8
 %
Colorado
 
254

 

 
254

 
N/M

Total
 
10,593

 
10,350

 
243

 
2
 %
Lots Controlled(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
 
96

 
114

 
(18
)
 
(16
)%
Northern California
 
674

 

 
674

 
100
 %
Colorado
 
479

 

 
479

 
N/M

Total
 
1,249

 
114

 
1,135

 
996
 %
Total Lots Owned and Controlled
 
11,842

 
10,464

 
1,378

 
13
 %
 
(1)
Lots controlled may be purchased by the Company as consolidated projects or may be purchased by newly formed joint ventures.
Total lots owned and controlled has increased 13% to 11,842 lots owned and controlled at December 31, 2012 from 10,464 lots at December 31, 2011. The increase is primarily due to certain lot acquisitions during the period, and the lots acquired through the purchase of Village Homes in December 2012, offset by the closing of 950 homes during the 2012 period.
Financial Condition and Liquidity
The U.S. housing market continues to improve from the cyclical low points reached during the 2008—2009 national recession. In 2011, early signs of a recovery began to materialize in many markets around the country as a result of an improving macroeconomic backdrop and excellent housing affordability. Historically, strong housing markets have been associated with great affordability, a healthy domestic economy, positive demographic trends such as population growth and household formation, falling mortgage rates, increases in renters that qualify as homebuyers and locally based dynamics such as housing demand relative to housing supply. Many markets across the U.S. are exhibiting most of these positive characteristics.
In the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company delivered 1,360 homes, with an average selling price of approximately $383,300, and recognized home sales revenues and total revenues of $521.3 million and $572.5 million, respectively. The Company has experienced significant operating momentum since the beginning of 2012, during which time a variety of key housing, employment and other related economic statistics in our markets have increasingly demonstrated signs of recovery. This rebound in market conditions, when combined with the Company’s disciplined operating strategy, has resulted in seven consecutive quarters, year over year, of growth in net new home orders, home closings and unit backlog.
In the year ended December 31, 2013, net new home orders increased 17% to 1,322 in the 2013 period from 1,131 in the 2012 period, while home closings increased 43% to 1,360 in the 2013 period from 950 in the 2012 period. On a consolidated basis, the cancellation rate increased to 17% in the 2013 period compared to 14% in the 2012 period. In addition, homebuilding gross margin percentage and adjusted homebuilding gross margin percentage increased to 22.2% and 28.3%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2013, as compared to 16.6% and 25.9%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2012. The increase in gross margins is primarily related to an increase in net sales prices during the period and an increase in absorption, which decreases certain project related costs. The increase in gross margins is also attributed to the impact of fresh start accounting which resulted in a net decrease to the cost basis of our properties, which subsequently increased gross margins.
As of December 31, 2013, the Company is selling homes in 32 communities and had a consolidated backlog of 368 sold but unclosed homes, with an associated sales value of $199.5 million, representing a 9% decrease and a 73% increase in units and dollars, respectively, as compared to the backlog at December 31, 2012. The Company believes that the attractive fundamentals in its markets, its leading market share positions, its long-standing relationships with land developers, its

55


significant land supply and its focus on providing the best possible customer experience positions the Company to capitalize on meaningful growth as the U.S. housing market continues to rebound.
On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering (IPO) of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by a selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $163.7 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
Since its IPO, the Company has access to the capital markets for liquidity while prudently managing leverage and the balance sheet. In October 2013 the Company issued an additional $100.0 million in principal amount of 8 1/2% senior notes, as a "tack-on" to the the original issuance at price to par of 106.5% resulting in net proceeds of approximately $104.6 million. This transaction, coupled with the $100.0 million revolving credit facility entered into during August 2013 yields significant liquidity for the Company, while our debt to capital ratio is at 51% as of December 31, 2013.
In addition, the Company provides for its ongoing cash requirements with the proceeds identified above, as well as from internally generated funds from the sales of homes and/or land sales. During the year ended December 31, 2013, before land acquisitions, the Company generated cash from operations of $80.3 million. Including cash consumed by land acquisitions of $254.8 million, the Company had cash used in operations of $174.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2013. In addition, the Company has the option to use additional outside borrowing, form new joint ventures with partners that provide a substantial portion of the capital required for certain projects, and buy land via lot options or land banking arrangements. The Company has financed, and may in the future finance, certain projects and land acquisitions with construction loans secured by real estate inventories, seller-provided financing and land banking transactions. The Company may also draw on its revolving line of credit to fund land acquisitions, as discussed below.
8.5% Senior Notes Due 2020
On November 8, 2012, California Lyon completed its offering of 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020, or the New Notes, in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. The New Notes were issued at 100% of their aggregate principal amount. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of the New Notes, together with cash on hand, to refinance the Company’s (i) $235 million 10.25% Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015, (ii) approximately $76 million in aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017, (iii) approximately $11 million in principal amount of project related debt, and (iv) to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon.
On October 24, 2013, California Lyon completed the sale to certain purchasers of an additional $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its New Notes at an issue price of 106.5% of their aggregate principal amount, plus accrued interest from and including May 15, 2013, in a private placement, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $104.6 million including the premium on issuance.
As of December 31, 2013 the outstanding principal amount of the New Notes was $425 million. The New Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 8.5% per annum. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15, commencing on May 15, 2013, and mature on November 15, 2020. The New Notes are senior unsecured obligations of California Lyon and are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated secured basis by Parent and by certain of Parent’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries. The New Notes and the guarantees rank senior to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and senior in right of payment to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ future subordinated debt. The New Notes and the guarantees are and will be effectively junior to any of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future secured debt.
The indenture contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee certain additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase stock; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) sell assets; (v) incur liens; (vi) enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or transfer assets; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; (viii) create unrestricted subsidiaries; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s and California Lyon’s assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications as described in the Indenture. The Indenture also provides for events of default which, if any of them occurs, would permit or require the principal of and accrued interest on such New Notes to be declared due and payable.
Revolving Lines of Credit
On August 7, 2013, California Lyon and Parent entered into a credit agreement providing for a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Revolver”). The Revolver will mature on August 5, 2016, unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of the Revolver. The Revolver contains an uncommitted accordion feature under which its aggregate principal amount

56


can be increased to up to $125 million under certain circumstances, as well as a sublimit of $50 million for letters of credit. The Revolver contains various covenants, including financial covenants relating to tangible net worth, leverage, liquidity and interest coverage, as well as a limitation on investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries.
The Revolver contains customary events of default, subject to cure periods in certain circumstances, that would result in the termination of the commitment and permit the lenders to accelerate payment on outstanding borrowings and require cash collateralization of letters of credit, including: nonpayment of principal, interest and fees or other amounts; violation of covenants; inaccuracy of representations and warranties; cross default to certain other indebtedness; unpaid judgments; and certain bankruptcy and other insolvency events. If a change in control of the Company occurs, the lenders may terminate the commitment and require that California Lyon repay outstanding borrowings under the Revolver and cash collateralize letters of credit. Interest rates on borrowings generally will be based on either LIBOR or a base rate, plus the applicable spread. The commitment fee on the unused portion of the Facility currently accrues at an annual rate of 0.50%.
Borrowings under the Revolver, the availability of which is subject to a borrowing base formula, are required to be guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, are secured by a pledge of all equity interests held by such guarantors, and may be used for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had not drawn any amounts under this facility, but had issued a letter of credit of $4.0 million.

Construction Notes Payable
In December 2013, the Company entered into a construction notes payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $18.6 million, to be drawn for land development and construction of one of its joint venture projects. The facility consists of an $11.5 million revolving facility and a $7.1 million promissory note. The facility matures in January 2016 and bears interest at the Company's option of either LIBOR +3.0% or the primate rate +1.0. At December 31, 2013 the interest rate on the facility was 4.25%, and the Company had $2.2 million outstanding.
In June 2013, the Company entered into a construction note payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $28.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in June 2016 and bears interest at the prime rate +0.5%, with a rate floor of 4.0%, which was the interest rate as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had borrowed $21.2 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project, is secured by the underlying project, and is guaranteed by the Company.
In September 2012, the Company entered into a construction note payable agreement has total availability under the facility of $17.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in March 2015 and bears interest at prime rate +1%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the interest rate as of December 31, 2013. At December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $0.9 million and $5.4 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project and is secured by the underlying project.

Net Debt to Total Capital
The Company’s ratio of net debt to total capital was 39.7% and 65.0% as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The ratio of net debt to total capital is a non-GAAP financial measure, which is calculated by dividing notes payable and Senior Notes, net of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, by total capital (notes payable and Senior Notes, net of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, plus redeemable convertible preferred stock and total equity (deficit)). The Company believes this calculation is a relevant and useful financial measure to investors in understanding the leverage employed in its operations, and may be helpful in comparing the Company with other companies in the homebuilding industry to the extent they provide similar information. See table set forth below reconciling this non-GAAP measure to the ratio of debt to total capital.
 

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Successor
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Notes payable and Senior Notes
 
$
469,355

 
$
338,248

Redeemable convertible preferred stock
 

 
71,246

Total equity (deficit)
 
450,794

 
72,119

Total capital
 
$
920,149

 
$
481,613

Ratio of debt to total capital
 
51.0
%
 
70.2
%
Notes payable and Senior Notes
 
$
469,355

 
$
338,248

Less: Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
 
(172,526
)
 
(71,928
)
Net debt
 
296,829

 
266,320

Redeemable convertible preferred stock
 

 
71,246

Total equity (deficit)
 
450,794

 
72,119

Total capital
 
$
747,623

 
$
409,685

Ratio of net debt to total capital
 
39.7
%
 
65.0
%
Land Banking Arrangements
As a method of acquiring land in staged takedowns, thereby minimizing the use of funds from the Company’s available cash or other corporate financing sources and limiting the Company’s risk, the Company transfers its right in such purchase agreements to entities owned by third parties, or land banking arrangements. These entities use equity contributions and/or incur debt to finance the acquisition and development of the land being purchased. The entities grant the Company an option to acquire lots in staged takedowns. In consideration for this option, the Company makes a non-refundable deposit of 15% to 25% of the total purchase price. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the balance of the lots, but would forfeit remaining deposits and could be subject to penalties if the lots were not purchased. The Company does not have legal title to these entities or their assets and has not guaranteed their liabilities. These land banking arrangements help the Company manage the financial and market risk associated with land holdings. The use of these land banking arrangements is dependent on, among other things, the availability of capital to the option provider, general housing market conditions and geographic preferences.
The Company participates in one land banking arrangement that is not a variable interest entity in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, (“ASC 810”), but is consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 470, Debt, (“ASC 470”). Under the provisions of ASC 470, the Company has determined it is economically compelled, based on certain factors, to purchase the land in the land banking arrangement. Therefore, the Company has recorded the remaining purchase price of the land of $13.0 million as of December 31, 2013, which is included in real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the accompanying balance sheet.
Summary information with respect to the Company’s land banking arrangements is as follows as of the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
Successor
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2013
 
2012
Total number of land banking projects
 
1

 
1

Total number of lots
 
610

 
610

Total purchase price
 
$
161,465

 
$
161,465

Balance of lots still under option and not purchased:
 
 
 
 
Number of lots
 
65

 
199

Purchase price
 
$
12,960

 
$
39,029

Forfeited deposits if lots are not purchased
 
$
9,210

 
$
27,734

 
Joint Venture Financing
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are general partners or members in joint ventures involved in the development and sale of residential projects. As described more fully in Critical Accounting Policies—Variable Interest

58


Entities, certain joint ventures have been determined to be variable interest entities in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, the assets, liabilities and operations of these joint ventures have been consolidated with the Company’s financial statements for the periods presented. The financial statements of joint ventures in which the Company is not considered the primary beneficiary are not consolidated with the Company’s financial statements. The Company’s investments in unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method because the Company has a 50% or less voting or economic interest (and thus such joint ventures are not controlled by the Company). Based upon current estimates, substantially all future development and construction costs incurred by the joint ventures will be funded by the venture partners or from the proceeds of construction financing obtained by the joint ventures.
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company’s had no investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures.
Assessment District Bonds
In some jurisdictions in which the Company develops and constructs property, assessment district bonds are issued by municipalities to finance major infrastructure improvements and fees. Such financing has been an important part of financing master-planned communities due to the long-term nature of the financing, favorable interest rates when compared to the Company’s other sources of funds and the fact that the bonds are sold, administered and collected by the relevant government entity. As a landowner benefited by the improvements, the Company is responsible for the assessments on its land. When the Company’s homes or other properties are sold, the assessments are either prepaid or the buyers assume the responsibility for the related assessments.

Cash Flows — Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2013 to Year Ended December 31, 2012
For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities increased to a use of $174.5 million in the 2013 period from a source of $50.0 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily a result of a net increase in real estate inventories-owned of $234.1 million compared to a decrease of $30.3 million in the 2012 period, primarily driven by $254.8 million of land acquisitions during the 2013 period. These uses of cash were partially offset by (i) net income of $135.6 million in the 2013 period (including the non-cash reversal of $95.6 million of valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets) compared to a net loss of $6.9 million in the 2012 period, and (ii) an increase in accrued expenses of $18.6 million in the 2013 period compared to an increase of $9.8 million in the 2012 period, due to an increase in taxes payable and the timing of payments.
Net cash used in investing activities decreased to a use of $3.8 million in the 2013 period compared to a use of $33.5 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) net cash paid in the 2012 period of $33.2 million related to the acquisition of our Colorado division, with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, and (ii) purchases of property, plant, and equipment of $3.8 million in the 2013 period compared to $0.3 million in the 2012 period.
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities increased to a source of $278.9 million in the 2013 period from a use of $25.9 million in the 2012 period. The increase was primarily as a result of (i) proceeds from issuance of common stock of $179.4 million, less offering costs of $15.8 million, in the 2013 period related to the Company's initial public offering, compared to proceeds from the issuance of common stock of $16.0 million related to the issuance of 1,847,041 shares of the company’s common stock to Paulson & Co in the 2012 period, (ii) proceeds from borrowings on notes payable of $73.6 million in the 2013 period compared to $13.2 million in the 2012 period, (iii)principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan of $235.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, (iv) principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes of $75.9 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, (v) principal payments on notes payable of $65.0 million in the 2013 period compared to $73.7 million in the 2012 period, and (vi) payment of deferred loan costs of $4.1 million in the 2013 period compared to $7.2 million in the 2012 period. These increases were partially offset by (i) proceeds from issuance of 8½% Senior Notes of $106.5 million in the 2013 period compared to $325.0 million in the 2012 period, and (ii) proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock of $14.0 million related to the issuance of 1,475,626 shares of the company’s convertible preferred stock to Paulson & Co in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period.
For the comparison of the Successor entity for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:
Net cash used in operating activities increased to a use of $174.5 million in the 2013 period from a use of $17.3 million in the 2012 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) a net increase in real estate inventories-owned of $234.1

59


million compared to an increase of $7.0 million in the 2012 period, primarily driven by $254.8 million of land acquisitions during the 2013 period, (ii) a decrease in accounts payable in the 2013 period of $1.6 million compared to an increase in accounts payable of $4.6 million in the 2012 period due to the timing of payments, and (iii) an increase in receivables in the 2013 period of $6.1 million compared to a decrease of $0.9 million in the 2012 period. These increases in uses of cash were partially offset by (i) net reorganization items of $241.3 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, (ii) net income of $135.6 million in the 2013 period (including the non-cash reversal of $95.6 million of valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets) compared to net income of $228.5 million in the 2012 period, and (iiii) an increase in accrued expenses of $18.6 million in the 2013 period compared to a decrease of $3.9 million in the 2012 period, due to an increase in taxes payable and the timing of payments.
Net cash used in investing activities decreased to a use of $3.8 million in the 2013 period compared to zero in the 2012 period. The 2013 activity relates to purchases of property, plant, and equipment in the 2013 period of $3.8 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities increased to a source of $278.9 million in the 2013 period from $77.8 million in the 2012 period. The increase was primarily as a result of (i) proceeds from issuance of common stock of $179.4 million, less offering costs of $15.8 million, in the 2013 period related to the Company's initial public offering, with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (ii) proceeds from issuance of 8½% Senior Notes of $106.5 million in the 2013 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period and (iii) proceeds from borrowings on notes payable of $73.6 million in the 2013 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period. These increases were partially offset by (i) principal payments on notes payable of $65.0 million in the 2013 period compared to $0.6 million in the 2012 period (ii) proceeds from preferred stock of $50.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, (iii) proceeds from reorganization of $31.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2013 period, and (iv)payment of deferred loan costs of $4.1 million in the 2013 period compared to $2.5 million in the 2012 period
Based on the aforementioned, the Company believes they have sufficient cash and sources of financing for at least the next twelve months.

Cash Flows — Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2012 to Year Ended December 31, 2011
For the comparison of the Successor entity from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities increased to a source of $50.0 million in the 2012 period from a use of $38.7 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) a net decrease in real estate inventories-owned of $30.3 million in the 2012 period compared to a net decrease of $18.2 million in the 2011 period, primarily driven by the increase in homes closed in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period, (ii) a decrease in other assets of $0.6 million in the 2012 period compared to an increase of $4.4 million in the 2011 period attributable to insurance premiums payments and the related amortization expense, (iii) an increase in accounts payable of $7.7 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $1.5 million in the 2011 period attributed to the timing of payments to subcontractors, and (iv) consolidated net loss of $192.9 million in the 2011 period compared to consolidated net loss of $6.9 million in the 2012 period, and (v) an increase in receivables of $2.9 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $4.8 million in the 2011 period primarily attributable to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for home closings.
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities decreased to a use of $33.5 million in the 2012 period from a source of $1.3 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) net cash paid of $33.2 million related to the acquisition of a homebuilder in Colorado, known as Village Homes, with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, and (ii) distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures of $1.4 million in the 2011 period with no distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures in the 2012 period.
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities increased to a use of $25.9 million in the 2012 period from a use of $13.9 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily as a result of (i) principal payments on notes payable of $73.7 million in the 2012 period from $11.5 million in the 2011 period, (ii) principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan of $235.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (iii) principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes of $75.9 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, and (iv) payment of deferred loan costs of $7.2 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, offset by (v) proceeds from borrowings on notes payable of $13.2 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (vi) proceeds from issuance of 8½% Senior Notes of $325.0 million with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (vii) proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock of $14.0 million related to the issuance of 12,173,913 shares of the company’s convertible preferred stock to Paulson & Co in the 2012

60


period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, and (viii) proceeds from issuance of common stock of $16.0 million related to the issuance of 15,238,095 shares of the company’s common stock to Paulson & Co in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period.
For the comparison of the Predecessor entity from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the Predecessor entity for the year ended December 31, 2011, the comparison of cash flows is as follows:
Net cash used in operating activities decreased to a use of $17.3 million in the 2012 period from a use of $38.7 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of (i) equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures of $3.6 million in the 2011 period due to the final cash distribution and related allocation of income from unconsolidated joint ventures with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (ii) a decrease in other assets of $0.2 million in the 2012 period compared to an increase of $4.4 million in the 2011 period attributable to insurance premiums paid and the related amortization expense, (iii) an increase in accounts payable of $4.6 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $1.5 million in the 2011 period attributed to the timing of payments to subcontractors, and (iv) consolidated net income of $228.5 million in the 2012 period compared to consolidated net loss of $192.9 million in the 2011 period, offset by (v) impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million in the 2011 period with no comparable amount in the 2012 period, (vi) net reorganization items of $241.3 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period and (vii) a decrease in receivables of $0.9 million in the 2012 period compared to a decrease of $4.8 million in the 2011 period primarily attributable to the timing of proceeds received from escrow for home closings, (viii) an increase in real estate inventories-owned of $7.0 million in the 2012 period compared to an a decrease of $18.2 million in the 2011 period, primarily driven by fewer homes closed in the 2012 period as compared to the 2011 period, and (iv) a decrease in accrued expenses of $3.9 million in the 2012 period relating to consulting costs incurred related to the restructure that were accrued at the end of 2011, compared to an increase of $7.8 million in the 2011 period.
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities decreased to zero in the 2012 period from a source of $1.3 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily a result of distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures of $1.4 million in the 2011 period with no distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures in the 2012 period.
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities increased to a source of $77.8 million in the 2012 period from a use of $13.9 million in the 2011 period. The change was primarily as a result of (i) proceeds from preferred stock of $50.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period, (ii) proceeds from reorganization of $31.0 million in the 2012 period with no comparable amount in the 2011 period and (iii) a decrease in principal payments on notes payable to $0.6 million in the 2012 period from $11.5 million in the 2011 period.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company enters into certain off-balance sheet arrangements including joint venture financing, option agreements, land banking arrangements and variable interests in consolidated and unconsolidated entities. These arrangements are more fully described above and in Notes 5 and 19 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.” In addition, the Company is party to certain contractual obligations, including land purchases and project commitments, which are detailed in Note 19 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”
The Company’s contractual obligations consisted of the following at December 31, 2013 (in thousands):
 

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Payments due by period
 
 
Total(1)
 
Less than
1 year
(2014)
 
1-3 years
(2015-2016)
 
3-5 years
(2017-2018)
 
More than
5 years
Notes Payable
 
$
38,060

 
$
1,762

 
$
36,298

 
$

 
$

Notes Payable interest
 
3,589

 
1,842

 
1,747

 

 

Senior Notes
 
425,000

 

 

 

 
425,000

Senior Notes interest
 
251,370

 
36,125

 
72,250

 
72,250

 
70,745

Operating leases
 
8,658

 
1,951

 
2,119

 
1,757

 
2,831

Surety bonds
 
69,947

 
57,272

 
12,670

 
5

 

Purchase obligations:
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land purchases and option commitments(2)
 
289,771

 
206,149

 
83,622

 

 

Project commitments(3)
 
102,648

 
22,634

 
80,014

 

 

Total
 
$
1,189,043

 
$
327,735

 
$
288,720

 
$
74,012

 
$
498,576

 
(1)
The summary of contractual obligations above includes interest on all interest-bearing obligations. Interest on all fixed rate interest-bearing obligations is based on the stated rate and is calculated to the stated maturity date. Interest on all variable rate interest bearing obligations is based on the rates effective as of December 31, 2013 and is calculated to the stated maturity date.
(2)
Represents the Company’s obligations in land purchases, lot option agreements and land banking arrangements. If the Company does not purchase the land under contract, it will forfeit its non-refundable deposit related to the land.
(3)
Represents the Company’s homebuilding project purchase commitments for developing and building homes in the ordinary course of business.
Inflation
The Company’s revenues and profitability may be affected by increased inflation rates and other general economic conditions. In periods of high inflation, demand for the Company’s homes may be reduced by increases in mortgage interest rates. Further, the Company’s profits will be affected by its ability to recover through higher sales prices, increases in the costs of land, construction, labor and administrative expenses. The Company’s ability to raise prices at such times will depend upon demand and other competitive factors.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and costs and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those which impact its most critical accounting policies. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management believes that the following accounting policies are among the most important to a portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and require among the most difficult, subjective or complex judgments:
Consequences of Chapter 11 Cases—Debtor in Possession Accounting
Accounting Standards Codification Topic 852-10-45, Reorganizations-Other Presentation Matters, which is applicable to companies in Chapter 11 proceedings, generally does not change the manner in which financial statements are prepared. However, it does require that the financial statements for the periods subsequent to the filing of the Chapter 11 Cases distinguish transactions and events that are directly associated with the reorganization from the ongoing operations of the business. Amounts that can be directly associated with the reorganization and restructuring of the business must be reported separately as reorganization items in the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2011 and all subsequent periods. The balance sheet must distinguish pre-petition liabilities subject to compromise from both those pre-petition liabilities that are not subject to compromise and from post-petition liabilities. Liabilities that may be affected by a plan of reorganization must be reported at the amounts expected to be allowed, even if they may be settled for lesser amounts. In addition, cash provided or used by reorganization items must be disclosed separately in the statement of cash flows. The Company applied ASC 852-10-45 effective on December 19, 2011 and segregated those items as outlined above for the reporting periods subsequent to such date through February 24, 2012.

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Fresh Start Accounting
As required by U.S. GAAP, in connection with our emergence from the Chapter 11 Cases, we adopted the fresh start accounting provisions of ASC 852, reorganizations, effective February 24, 2012. Under ASC 852, reorganizations, the reorganization value represents the fair value of the entity before considering liabilities and approximates the amount a willing buyer would pay for the assets of the Company immediately after restructuring. The reorganization value is allocated to the respective fair value of assets. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of the identified tangible and intangible assets is recorded as goodwill. Liabilities, other than deferred taxes, are stated at present values of amounts expected to be paid. Fair values of assets and liabilities represent our best estimates based on our appraisals and valuations. Where the foregoing were not available, industry data and trends or references to relevant market rates and transactions were used. These estimates and assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond our reasonable control. Moreover, the market value of our capital stock may differ materially from the fresh start equity valuation.
Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales
Real estate inventories are carried at cost net of impairment losses, if any. Real estate inventories consist primarily of deposits to purchase land, raw land, lots under development, homes under construction, completed homes and model homes of real estate projects. All direct and indirect land costs, offsite and onsite improvements and applicable interest and other carrying charges are capitalized to real estate projects during periods when the project is under development. Land, offsite costs and all other common costs are allocated to land parcels benefited based upon relative fair values before construction. Onsite construction costs and related carrying charges (principally interest and property taxes) are allocated to the individual homes within a phase based upon the relative sales value of the homes. The estimation process involved in determining relative fair values and sales values is inherently uncertain because it involves estimates of current market values for land parcels before construction as well as future sales values of individual homes within a phase. The Company’s estimate of future sales values is supported by the Company’s budgeting process. The estimate of future sales values is inherently uncertain because it requires estimates of current market conditions as well as future market events and conditions. Additionally, in determining the allocation of costs to a particular land parcel or individual home, the Company relies on project budgets that are based on a variety of assumptions, including assumptions about construction schedules and future costs to be incurred. It is possible that actual results could differ from budgeted amounts for various reasons, including construction delays, increases in costs which have not yet been committed, or unforeseen issues encountered during construction that fall outside the scope of contracts obtained. While the actual results for a particular construction project are accurately reported over time, a variance between the budget and actual costs could result in the understatement or overstatement of costs and a related impact on gross margins in a specific reporting period. To reduce the potential for such distortion, the Company has set forth procedures which have been applied by the Company on a consistent basis, including assessing and revising project budgets on a monthly basis, obtaining commitments from subcontractors and vendors for future costs to be incurred, reviewing the adequacy of warranty accruals and historical warranty claims experience, and utilizing the most recent information available to estimate costs. The variances between budget and actual amounts identified by the Company have historically not had a material impact on its consolidated results of operations. Management believes that the Company’s policies provide for reasonably dependable estimates to be used in the calculation and reporting of costs. The Company relieves its accumulated real estate inventories through cost of sales by the budgeted amount of cost of homes sold, as described more fully below in the section entitled “Sales and Profit Recognition.”
Impairment of Real Estate Inventories
The Company accounts for its real estate inventories in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant & Equipment. ASC Topic 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on real estate inventories when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by real estate inventories are less than the carrying amount of such assets. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to softening market conditions, competitive pricing pressures which reduce the average sales price of homes, which includes sales incentives for homebuyers, slowing sales absorption rates, a decrease in home values in the markets in which the Company operates, significant decreases in gross margins and a decrease in project cash flows for a particular project.
For land and land under development, homes completed and under construction and model homes, the Company estimates expected cash flows at the project level by maintaining current budgets using recent historical information and current market assumptions. The Company updates project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on a quarterly basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows are more than the net book value of the project, then there is no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and is written-down to its fair value. Fair value represents the amount at which an asset could be bought or sold in a current transaction between willing parties (i.e., other than a forced or liquidation sale). Management determines

63


the estimated fair value of each project by determining the present value of estimated future cash flows at discount rates that are commensurate with the risk of each project. The estimation process involved in determining if assets have been impaired and in the determination of fair value is inherently uncertain because it requires estimates of future revenues and costs, current market yields as well as future events and conditions. As described more fully above in the section entitled “Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales,” estimates of revenues and costs are supported by the Company’s budgeting process.
Under FASB ASC Topic 360, when indicators of impairment are present the Company is required to make certain assumptions to estimate undiscounted future cash flows of a project, which include: (i) estimated sales prices, including sales incentives, (ii) anticipated sales absorption rates and sales volume, (iii) project costs incurred to date and the estimated future costs of the project based on the project budget, (iv) the carrying costs related to the time a project is actively selling until it closes the final unit in the project, and (v) alternative strategies including selling the land to a third-party or temporarily suspending development on the project. Interest incurred allocated to each project is included in future cash flows at effective borrowing rates of 11% for the reporting periods ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2012, which would yield discount rates of 21% to 29% for the 2012 period. Interest incurred allocated to each project is included in future cash flows at effective borrowing rates of 11% for the reporting periods ended March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, 2011, which would yield discount rates of 21% to 29% for the 2011 period. Interest allocated to each project for cash flows in 2013 and beyond was 8.75% based on the Company’s capital structure at the time of the analysis. During the year ended December 31, 2013, no indicators of impairment were noted by the Company.
The assumptions and judgments used by the Company in the estimation process to determine the future undiscounted cash flows of a project and its fair value are inherently uncertain and require a substantial degree of judgment. The realization of the Company’s real estate inventories is dependent upon future uncertain events and market conditions. Due to the subjective nature of the estimates and assumptions used in determining the future cash flows of a project, the continued decline in the current housing market, the uncertainty in the banking and credit markets, actual results could differ materially from current estimates.
These estimates are dependent on specific market or sub-market conditions for each subdivision. While the Company considers available information to determine what it believes to be its best estimates as of the end of a reporting period, these estimates are subject to change in future reporting periods as facts and circumstances change. Local market-specific conditions that may impact these estimates for a subdivision include:
historical subdivision results, and actual operating profit, base selling prices and home sales incentives;
forecasted operating profit for homes in backlog;
the intensity of competition within a market or sub-market, including publicly available home sales prices and home sales incentives offered by our competitors;
increased levels of home foreclosures;
the current sales pace for active subdivisions;
subdivision specific attributes, such as location, availability of lots in the sub-market, desirability and uniqueness of subdivision location and the size and style of homes currently being offered;
changes by management in the sales strategy of a given subdivision; and
current local market economic and demographic conditions and related trends and forecasts.
These and other local market-specific conditions that may be present are considered by personnel in the Company’s homebuilding divisions as they prepare or update the forecasted assumptions for each subdivision. Quantitative and qualitative factors other than home sales prices could significantly impact the potential for future impairments. The sales objectives can differ among subdivisions, even within a given sub-market. For example, facts and circumstances in a given subdivision may lead the Company to price its homes with the objective of yielding a higher sales absorption pace, while facts and circumstances in another subdivision may lead the Company to price its homes to minimize deterioration in home gross margins, even though this could result in a slower sales absorption pace. Furthermore, the key assumptions included in estimated future undiscounted cash flows may be interrelated. For example, a decrease in estimated base sales price or an increase in home sales incentives may result in a corresponding increase in sales absorption pace. Additionally, a decrease in the average sales price of homes to be sold and closed in future reporting periods for one subdivision that has not been generating what management believes to be an adequate sales absorption pace may impact the estimated cash flow assumptions of a nearby subdivision. Changes in key assumptions, including estimated construction and land development costs, absorption pace, selling strategies or discount rates could materially impact future cash flow and fair value estimates. Due to the number of

64


possible scenarios that would result from various changes in these factors, the Company does not believe it is possible to develop a sensitivity analysis with a level of precision that would be meaningful to an investor.
Management assesses land deposits for impairment when estimated land values are deemed to be less than the agreed upon contract price. The Company considers changes in market conditions, the timing of land purchases, the ability to renegotiate with land sellers the terms of the land option contract in question, the availability and best use of capital, and other factors. If land values are determined to be less than the contract price, the future project will not be purchased. The Company records abandoned land deposits and related pre-acquisition costs to cost of sales-land in the consolidated statement of operations in the period that it is abandoned.
The following table summarizes inventory impairment charges recorded during the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
Period from
February 25 through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1 through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
2013
 
2011
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Inventory impairments related to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land under development and homes completed and under construction
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
34,835

Land held for future development or sold

 

 

 
93,479

Total inventory impairments
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
128,314

Number of projects impaired during the year

 

 

 
16

Number of projects assessed for impairment during the year

 

 

 
42

The Company evaluates homebuilding assets for impairment when indicators of impairments are present. Indicators of potential impairment include, but are not limited to, a decrease in housing market values, sales absorption rates, and sales prices. On February 24, 2012, the Company adopted fresh start accounting under ASC 852, Reorganizations, and recorded all real estate inventories at fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 there were no impairment charges recorded.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction resulted from projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the lots on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project. During the 2011 period, the Company adjusted discount rates to a range of 18% to 22%, which were also validated by the third party valuation firm, discussed below.
The Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the analysis of the fair value of the entity, and respective assets and liabilities in connection with its reorganization. Since the valuation was completed near December 31, 2011, management used such valuation to evaluate the book value as of December 31, 2011.
These charges were included in impairment loss on real estate assets in the consolidated statements of operations. The impairment charges recorded during the 2011 period noted above stemmed from lower home prices which were driven by increased incentives and discounts resulting from weakened demand experienced during 2007 through 2011.
Sales and Profit Recognition
A sale is recorded and profit recognized when a sale is consummated, the buyer’s initial and continuing investments are adequate, any receivables are not subject to future subordination, and the usual risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 976-605-25, Real Estate. When it is determined that the earnings process is not complete, profit is deferred for recognition in future periods. The profit recorded by the Company is based on the calculation of cost of sales which is dependent on the Company’s allocation of costs which is described in more detail above in the section entitled “Real Estate Inventories and Cost of Sales.”

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Variable Interest Entities
The Company accounts for variable interest entities in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”). Under ASC 810, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) is created when: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, including the equity holders; (b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, (ii) are not obligated to absorb expected losses of the entity or (iii) do not have the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the entity’s equity holders have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic interests, and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of the equity holder with disproportionately few voting rights. If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, the enterprise that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE.
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had three and two joint ventures, respectively, which were deemed to be VIEs under ASC 810 for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. The Company manages the joint ventures, by using its sales, development and operations teams and has significant control over these projects and therefore the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the joint venture’s performance, in addition to being obligated to absorb expected losses or receive benefits from the joint venture, and therefore the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these VIEs.
Under ASC 810, a non-refundable deposit paid to an entity is deemed to be a variable interest that will absorb some or all of the entity’s expected losses if they occur. Our land purchase and lot option deposits generally represent our maximum exposure to the land seller if we elect not to purchase the optioned property. In some instances, we may also expend funds for due diligence, development and construction activities with respect to optioned land prior to takedown. Such costs are classified as inventories owned, which we would have to write-off should we not exercise the option. Therefore, whenever we enter into a land option or purchase contract with an entity and make a non-refundable deposit, a VIE may have been created. As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company was not required to consolidate any VIEs nor did the Company write-off any costs that had been capitalized under lot option contracts. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"). ASC 740 requires an asset and liability approach for measuring deferred taxes based on temporary and permanent differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities existing at each balance sheet date using enacted tax rates for years in which taxes are expected to be paid or recovered. Under ASC 740, a Company is required to reduce its deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance if, based on the the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance recorded must be sufficient to reduce the deferred tax asset to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The ultimate realization of a deferred tax asset depends on the Company's ability to generate future taxable income in periods in which the related temporary differences become deductible, and can also be affected by changes in existing tax laws.
The Company performs an assessment of the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis. In performing this assessment, the Company must evaluate all available evidence, both positive and negative. Factors considered in this assessment include the nature, frequency, and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the length of statutory carryforward periods, the Company's experience with operating losses and its ability to utilize past tax credit carryforwards prior to their expiration, and tax planning alternatives. This process requires significant judgment on the part of management, and differences between forecasted and actual outcomes of these future tax consequences could have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations. Changes in existing tax laws and tax rates also affect actual tax results and the valuation of deferred tax assets over time.
As of December 31, 2012, the Company had generated significant deferred tax assets through its operations, but as a result of the Company's ongoing assessments had determined that it was not more likely than not that the Company would be able to utilize these assets. As a result, the Company had recorded a full valuation allowance against the $200.0 million deferred tax asset balance. During the quarter ended December 31, 2013, the Company determined that it would be able to utilize $95.6 million of its deferred tax assets, and recognized an income tax benefit in its results of operations in this amount. This conclusion was based upon the recent operating results of the Company, most notably three consecutive quarters of net income, reduced interest expense as a result of the 2012 restructure, and eight consecutive quarters of period over period growth in net new home orders, home closings, and dollar value of backlog, in addition to continued improving conditions in the single family home market. As of December 31, 2013, the Company maintained a valuation allowance of $4.0 million

66


against a portion of its deferred tax assets. The Company will continue to assess the realizability of it deferred tax assets, and to the extent that it is more likely than not that it will be able to utilize these assets will be able to reduce the recorded valuation allowance and recognize additional income tax benefits, thereby reducing the Company's effective tax rate. Conversely, should the Company recognize significant operating losses in the future, it may determine that it is no longer more likely than not that the Company will utilize its deferred tax assets, and may record future valuation allowances.

Related Party Transactions
See Item 13 of Part III of this Annual Report, “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions, and Director Independence” and Note 12 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for the year ended December 31, 2013 for a description of the Company’s transactions with related parties.
Recent Events
None.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Note 1 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for a description of the recently issued accounting standards.
 
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates to the Company’s floating rate debt with a total outstanding balance at December 31, 2013 of $24.2 million where the interest rate is variable based upon certain bank reference or prime rates. The average prime rate during the year ended December 31, 2013 was 3.25%. If variable interest rates were to increase by 10%, there would be no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements because the outstanding debt has an interest rate floor of 4.0% to 5.0%.
The following table presents principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, interest rates and the estimated fair value of our long-term fixed rate debt obligations as of December 31, 2013 (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Year ended December 31,
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value  at
December 31,
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
Thereafter
 
Total
 
Fixed rate debt
$
1,761

 
$
12,101

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
431,295

 
$
445,157

 
$
480,739

Interest rate
3.0
%
 
7.0
%
 

 

 

 
8.5
%
 

 

The Company does not utilize swaps, forward or option contracts on interest rates, foreign currencies or commodities, or other types of derivative financial instruments as of or during the year ended December 31, 2013. The Company does not enter into or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the financial statements set forth in Section 15 of Part IV of this Annual Report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules”.

Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None. As previously disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 24, 2012, the Company changed its independent registered public accountants effective for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.


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Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
  As of the end of the period covered by this annual report on Form 10-K, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), including controls and procedures to timely alert management to material information relating to William Lyon Homes and subsidiaries required to be included in our periodic SEC filings. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. 
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error and mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of controls.
The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, a control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or because the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
     Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2013 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Item 9B.
Other Information
None.

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PART III
 
Item 10.
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Officers and Directors
Our board of directors currently consists of eight members. Each director will hold office until the Company’s next Annual Meeting and until his successor is duly elected and qualified. The executive officers of the Company are chosen annually by the board of directors and each holds office until his or her successor is chosen and qualified or until his or her death, resignation or removal. Officers serve at the discretion of the board of directors, subject to rights, if any, under contracts of employment. There are no family relationships between any director or executive officer and any other director or executive officer of the Company, except for General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, who are father and son.

Name
 
Age
 
Position
General William Lyon
 
91
 
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Executive Chairman
William H. Lyon
 
40
 
Director, Chief Executive Officer
Matthew R. Zaist
 
39
 
President and Chief Operating Officer
Colin T. Severn
 
43
 
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Richard S. Robinson
 
67
 
Senior Vice President Finance and Acquisition
Douglas K. Ammerman (a, b, c, d)
 
62
 
Director
Michael Barr
 
43
 
Director
Gary H. Hunt (a, b, c)
 
65
 
Director
Matthew R. Niemann (a, b, c, d)
 
49
 
Director
Nathaniel Redleaf (c, d)
 
29
 
Director
Lynn Carlson Schell (a, b, c, d)
 
53
 
Director
 
(a)
Member of the Audit Committee
(b)
Member of the Compensation Committee
(c)
Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
(d)
Member of the Corporate Finance Committee
Directors
The following is a biographical summary of the experience of our directors:
General William Lyon was elected director and Chairman of the Board of The Presley Companies, the predecessor of the Company, in 1987 and has served in that capacity in addition to his role as Chief Executive Officer of the Company since November 1999. General Lyon also served as the Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of the former William Lyon Homes, which sold substantially all of its assets to the Company in 1999 and subsequently changed its name to Corporate Enterprises, Inc. In his current role as Executive Chairman, General Lyon works with the top executives of the Company to set the leadership and strategic direction for the organization. In recognition of his distinguished career in real estate development, General Lyon was elected to the California Building Industry Foundation Hall of Fame in 1985. General Lyon is a retired USAF Major General and was Chief of the Air Force Reserve from 1975 to 1979. General Lyon is a director of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. and Woodside Credit LLC, and is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Commercial Bank of California. Since 2005, General Lyon has served on the Board of Leaders of USC’s Marshall School of Business. General Lyon has received countless awards and honors for his tremendous and sustained success in the building industry and his extensive public service record.
General Lyon provides our board of directors with extensive senior leadership and industry and operational experience and therefore is well-suited to serve as our Chairman of the Board. Through his experience, his knowledge of our operations and the markets in which we compete, and his professional relationships within our industry, General Lyon is exceptionally qualified to identify important matters for board review and deliberation and is instrumental in assisting the board of directors in determining our corporate strategy. In addition, by serving as both our Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman, General Lyon serves as an invaluable bridge between management and the board of directors and ensures that they act with a common purpose.

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William H. Lyon, Chief Executive Officer, worked full time with the former William Lyon Homes from November 1997 through November 1999 as an assistant project manager, has been employed by the Company since November 1999 and has been a member of the Board since January 25, 2000. Since joining the Company as assistant project manager, Mr. Lyon has served as a Project Manager, the Director of Corporate Development (beginning in 2002), the Director of Corporate Affairs (from February 2003 to February 2005), Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer (from February 2005 to March 2007), and Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer (from March 2007 to March 2009). Mr. Lyon also actively served as the President of William Lyon Financial Services from June 2008 to April 2009. Effective on March 18, 2009, Mr. Lyon was appointed as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company. In his current role as Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Lyon is responsible for the overall strategic leadership of the Company working closely with the Executive Chairman and executive leaders to establish implement and direct the long-range goals, strategies, plans and policies of the Company. Mr. Lyon is Chairman of the Company’s Management Development and Risk Management Committee and Vice Chair of the Executive Committee. Mr. Lyon is also a member of the Company’s Land Committee. Mr. Lyon is a member of the Board of Directors of Commercial Bank of California, Pretend City Children’s Museum in Irvine, CA and The Bowers Museum in Santa Ana, CA. Mr. Lyon holds a dual B.S. in Industrial Engineering and Product Design from Stanford University. Mr. Lyon is the son of General William Lyon.
With over 15 years of service with our Company, Mr. Lyon brings to our board of directors significant executive and real estate development and homebuilding industry experience, as well as an in-depth understanding of the Company’s business model and operations.
Douglas K. Ammerman was appointed to the board of directors on February 27, 2007. Mr. Ammerman’s business career includes almost three decades of service with KPMG, independent public accountants, until his retirement in 2002. He was the Managing Partner of the Orange County office and was a National Partner in Charge-Tax. He is a certified public accountant (inactive). Since 2005, Mr. Ammerman has served as a member of the Board of Directors of Fidelity National Financial (a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange), where he also serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. Mr. Ammerman is also a member of the Board of Directors of Remy International, Inc. (a company listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market), Stantec Inc. (a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange) and El Pollo Loco, for each of which he also serves as Chairman of the Audit Committee. In addition, during the past five years Mr. Ammerman had served as a member of the Board of Directors of Quiksilver (a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange), where he served as Chairman of the Audit Committee and a member of both the Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance committees. Mr. Ammerman has served as a director of The Pacific Club for twelve years and is a past president. He also has served as a director of the UCI Foundation for fourteen years. Mr. Ammerman holds a B.A. in Accounting from California State University, Fullerton, and a master’s degree in Business Taxation from University of Southern California.
With nearly three decades of accounting experience, as well as significant executive and board experience, Mr. Ammerman provides our board of directors with operational, financial and strategic planning insights. Mr. Ammerman developed his finance and accounting expertise while holding positions such as Managing Partner and National Partner at KPMG. With this experience, Mr. Ammerman possesses the financial acumen requisite to serve as our Audit Committee Financial Expert and provides the board with valuable insight into finance and accounting related matters.
Michael Barr was appointed to the board of directors on November 7, 2012 to fill a new Board seat created in connection with the investment of affiliates of Paulson in the Company. Mr. Barr currently serves as Portfolio Manager for the Paulson Real Estate Funds where he is responsible for all aspects of the real estate private equity business. He is also a partner in Paulson, which he joined in 2008.
From 2001 through 2008, Mr. Barr worked within the Lehman Brothers Real Estate Private Equity Group, serving most recently as a Managing Director of the firm and a principal of Lehman Brothers Real Estate Partners. In this capacity, he was responsible for identifying, evaluating and executing transactions throughout the United States and across all asset classes. While at Lehman Brothers, Mr. Barr led the acquisition of over $8 billion in assets. Prior to joining Lehman Brothers, Mr. Barr served as a principal and a member of the Investment Committee of Westbrook Partners, a real estate merchant banking firm founded by Tiger Management Corporation. During his tenure at Westbrook, which spanned three real estate investment funds, Mr. Barr originated and executed a wide range of real estate transactions. He began his career in the Real Estate Investment Banking group at Merrill Lynch & Co., where he participated in numerous financing and advisory assignments for both public and private real estate companies. Mr. Barr holds a B.B.A. from the University of Wisconsin. He currently serves on the board of Extended Stay Hotels and previously was a board member of Gables Residential Trust and Tishman Hotel & Realty.
With his extensive experience managing a wide variety of real estate transactions, Mr. Barr brings to our board of directors a deep understanding of and valuable expertise in real estate investment and finance.
Gary H. Hunt joined the board of directors on October 17, 2005 with over 30 years of experience in real estate. He spent 25 years with The Irvine Company, one of the nation’s largest master planning and land development organizations, serving 10

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years as its Executive Vice President and member of its Board of Directors and Executive Committee. Mr. Hunt led the company’s major entitlement, regional infrastructure, planning, legal and strategic government relations, as well as media and community relations activities.
As a founding Partner in 2001 and now the Vice Chairman of California Strategies, LLC, Mr. Hunt serves as a Senior Advisor to the largest master-planned community and real estate developers in the Western United States, including Tejon Ranch, DMB Pacific Ventures, Five Point Communities, Lennar, Kennecott Land Company, Lewis Group of Companies, Newhall Land, Strategic Hotels and Resorts REIT, Inland American Trust REIT, to name a few. Mr. Hunt also works or has worked with major national financial institutions, including Morgan Stanley, Alvarez & Marsal Capital Group, LLC, and regional banks, to manage projects through the current real estate macro-economic restructuring and re-entitlement period.
Mr. Hunt currently serves on the boards of Glenair Corporation, University of California, Irvine Foundation and is Chairman of CT Realty. He formerly was a member and lead independent director of Grubb & Ellis Corporation and for sixteen months served as interim President and CEO.
 
Matthew R. Niemann was appointed to the board of directors on February 25, 2012. Mr. Niemann is a Managing Director and Head of Houlihan Lokey Capital’s Real Estate Investment Banking Group. He is a senior member of Houlihan’s Financial Restructuring business, and first joined the firm in 1999. Before rejoining Houlihan in 2008, Mr. Niemann spent three years with Cerberus Capital and served as senior managing director and chief strategic officer of GMAC ResCap (a Cerberus portfolio company) in charge of strategy for its $5.0 billion portfolio of builder and developer real estate investments. Mr. Niemann has been involved as a principal or advisor in a wide range of M&A, financing, restructuring and real estate transactions throughout his career, and is a frequent speaker and regularly testifies as an expert in these areas. Earlier in his career, Mr. Niemann was with PricewaterhouseCoopers and practiced law for several years in the Corporate, Banking & Real Estate practice of Bryan Cave in St. Louis. Mr. Niemann holds a law and finance degree from St. Louis University. He was a guest lecturer at the Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University in Chicago; a member of the Ph.D. Dissertation Committee at Webster University; and has also served on the Board of Directors and Executive Committee (Treasurer) of the Ronald McDonald Houses of Greater St. Louis.
With extensive experience as an attorney, financial advisor and investment principal, Mr. Niemann brings to the board of directors demonstrated leadership skills and expertise in capital markets, real estate investment and finance.
Nathaniel Redleaf was appointed to the board of directors on February 25, 2012. Since 2006, he has served as an analyst at Luxor Capital Group, LP, which serves as the investment manager to a number of private investment funds. In his role at the firm, Mr. Redleaf focuses primarily on the homebuilding, commercial real estate, finance and gaming sectors. Mr. Redleaf currently serves as a member of the board of directors of Innovate Managed Holdings LLC and Eastland Tire Australia Pty. He holds a degree in Political Economy of Industrial Societies from UC Berkeley.
With his investment practice focusing primarily on the homebuilding and other-related sectors, Mr. Redleaf brings to our board of directors valuable experience in real estate investment and finance.
Lynn Carlson Schell was appointed to the board of directors on February 25, 2012. Ms. Carlson Schell currently serves as the Managing Principal and Chief Executive Officer of Shelter Corporation and The Waters Senior Living, directing the firm’s strategic planning and long-term growth. Since founding Shelter Corporation in 1993, Ms. Carlson Schell has developed or acquired multi-family and senior housing consisting of over 15,000 units and comprising $800 million of real estate. Ms. Carlson Schell’s core accomplishments include her leadership role in driving Shelter Corporation’s development of affordable housing and spearheading its successful diversification into senior living communities with the 1998 formation of The Waters Senior Living. In 2009, Ms. Carlson Schell was honored as an Industry Leader by the Minneapolis/St. Paul Business Journal. Prior to founding Shelter Corporation, Ms. Carlson Schell spent nine years working as an associate and senior developer with Can-American Corporation. She was responsible for residential, condominium and apartment developments in the Midwest and Florida. Ms. Carlson Schell currently serves as the chair of the board of directors at the Friends of the Hennepin County Library Foundation and previously served as the Treasurer of the Twin Cities Chapter of the Young Presidents’ Organization. She also serves on the board of directors of the Walker Art Center.
With over thirty years of real estate and executive experience, as well as significant board experience, Ms. Carlson Schell provides our board of directors with operational, financial and strategic planning insights.
Executive Officers
The following is a biographical summary of the experience of our executive officers:
General William Lyon's and William H. Lyon's biographies are set forth under the heading "Directors" above.

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Matthew R. Zaist, President and Chief Operating Officer, joined the Company in 2000 as the Company’s Chief Information Officer. Since joining the Company, Mr. Zaist has served in a number of corporate operational roles, including Executive Vice President from January 2010 to March 2013 and previously, Corporate Vice President-Business Development & Operations from April 2009 to January 2010. Prior to that, Mr. Zaist served as Project Manager and Director of Land Acquisition for the Company’s Southern California Region. In his current role, Mr. Zaist is responsible for the overall management of the Company’s operations and is a member of the Company’s Executive Committee, Chairman of the Company’s Land Committee and Vice Chairman of the Company’s Management Development and Risk Management Committee. In his most recent role as Executive Vice President, Mr. Zaist oversaw and managed the Company’s restructuring efforts and successful recapitalization. Mr. Zaist is a member of the Executive Committee for the University of Southern California’s Lusk Center for Real Estate. Prior to joining William Lyon Homes, Mr. Zaist was a principal with American Management Systems (now CGI) in their State & Local Government practice. Mr. Zaist holds a B.S. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York.
Colin T. Severn, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer , joined the Company in December 2003, and served in the role of Financial Controller until April 3, 2009. From April 3, 2009, Mr. Severn served as Vice President, Corporate Controller and Corporate Secretary until his promotion to Chief Financial Officer by approval of the board of directors of the Company on August 11, 2009. Mr. Severn continued to serve as the Company's Corporate Secretary until November 2013. Mr. Severn oversees the Company’s accounting and finance, treasury, and investor relations functions. Mr. Severn is a member of the Company’s Land Committee. Mr. Severn is a CPA (inactive) and has more than 16 years of experience in real estate accounting and finance, including positions with an international accounting firm, and other real estate and homebuilding companies. Mr. Severn holds a B.A. in Business Administration with concentrations in Accounting and Finance from California State University, Fullerton.
Richard S. Robinson, Senior Vice President of Finance and Acquisition, has held this title and served in this capacity since joining the Company in 1999 when it acquired substantially all of the assets of the former William Lyon Homes, where Mr. Robinson had served since May 1997 as Senior Vice President, and as Vice President-Treasurer and other administrative positions at The William Lyon Company or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates since he was hired in June 1979. His experience in residential real estate development and homebuilding finance totals more than 30 years.
Board of Directors
Our board of directors consists of eight directors, seven of whom were appointed pursuant to the Plan and one of whom was initially appointed to fill a newly created board seat in connection with the Paulson Subscription Agreement, and each of whom were subsequently duly elected by the stockholders of the Company at the 2013 annual meeting held on April 29, 2013. The current directors will hold office until the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2014 and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. On May 15, 2013, certain funds and accounts managed by Luxor Capital Group, LP, or the Luxor Investor, WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, or the Paulson Investor, and Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, or the Lyon Investor, entered into a stockholders agreement pursuant to which the Luxor Investor, Paulson Investor and Lyon Investor agreed to vote their voting shares at any annual or special meeting of the Company’s stockholders to elect one (1) person proposed by the Paulson Investor, three (3) people proposed by the Luxor Investor, and two (2) people proposed by the Lyon Investor, to serve on our board of directors, in each case subject to certain sunset provisions based on then current ownership levels of such investors and subject to other terms and conditions as set forth in the agreement. We refer to such agreement herein as the “Stockholders Agreement,” and we are not party to the Stockholders Agreement. As of March 17, 2014, the Luxor Investor, Paulson Investor and Lyon Investor collectively control approximately 76% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock, assuming exercise in full of the outstanding warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock held by the Lyon Investor, and the Stockholders Agreement applies to the election of up to five (5) seats on our board of directors, based on the ownership levels as of such date. Other than as provided for in the Plan, the Paulson Subscription Agreement or the Stockholders Agreement, we are not aware of any understandings between the directors or any other persons pursuant to which such individuals were elected as directors or are to be selected as a director or nominee in the future.

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Pursuant to our Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or the Certificate of Incorporation, and our Amended and Restated Bylaws, or the bylaws, the total number of directors constituting our board of directors shall be fixed exclusively by the board of directors. Until the date on which shares of our Class B Common Stock are no longer outstanding, or the Triggering Date, all directors will be elected, appointed and removed by all common stockholders voting as a single class, with each share of Class A Common Stock having one vote and each share of Class B Common Stock having five votes. Until the Triggering Date, each of the members of our board of directors will be elected at an annual meeting of the stockholders and hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders, and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation, removal or disqualification.
The Certificate of Incorporation provides further that on the Triggering Date, our board of directors will be divided into three classes to be comprised of the directors in office, as determined by the directors in office, with each class serving for a staggered three-year term. From the Triggering Date, Class I directors will serve an initial one-year term expiring at the first annual meeting of stockholders following the Triggering Date. Class II directors will serve an initial two-year term expiring at the second annual meeting of stockholders following the Triggering Date. Class III directors will serve an initial three-year term expiring at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the Triggering Date. Upon the expiration of the initial term of each class of directors, the directors in that class will be eligible to be elected for a new three-year term. Our directors will hold office until their successors have been elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal. After our board of directors is classified as described in the foregoing, no director may be removed except for cause and only with the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% in voting power of all the then-outstanding shares of stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class.
Subject to the special rights of any series of preferred stock to elect directors, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and not by stockholders, and the directors so chosen will hold office until the next annual or special meeting of stockholders called for that purpose and until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal.
The board of directors seeks to ensure that the board of directors is composed of members whose particular experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, when taken together, will allow the board of directors to satisfy its oversight responsibilities effectively. New directors are approved by the board of directors after recommendation by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. In identifying candidates for director, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the board of directors take into account (1) the comments and recommendations of board members regarding the qualifications and effectiveness of the existing board of directors, or additional qualifications that may be required when selecting new board members, (2) the requisite expertise and sufficiently diverse backgrounds of the board of directors’ overall membership composition, (3) the independence of outside directors and other possible conflicts of interest of existing and potential members of the board of directors and (4) all other factors it considers appropriate.
 
When considering whether directors and nominees have the experience, qualifications, attributes and skills, taken as a whole, to enable the board of directors to satisfy its oversight responsibilities effectively in light of the Company’s business and structure, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and the board of directors focused primarily on the information discussed in each of the directors’ individual biographies set forth above. Although diversity may be a consideration in the selection of directors, the Company and the board of directors do not have a formal policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying director nominees.
Board Meetings
Our board of directors held 15 meetings during fiscal year 2013. During fiscal year 2013, all incumbent directors attended at least 75% of the combined total of (i) all board of directors meetings and (ii) all meetings of committees of the board of directors of which the incumbent director was a member. In February 2014, the board of directors adopted a policy that all directors attend the annual meeting of stockholders, either in person or telephonically, absent unusual circumstances, commencing with the 2014 annual stockholder meeting.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We currently have four standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee, a nominating and corporate governance committee and a corporate finance committee. The charters of all four of our standing board committees are available on our website, www.lyonhomes.com, under the Company-Governance section. The inclusion of our website address herein does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Audit Committee
The Company has a standing Audit Committee, which is chaired by Douglas Ammerman and consists of Messrs. Ammerman, Hunt and Niemann and Ms. Schell. The board of directors has determined that each of these directors is independent as defined by the applicable rules of the NYSE and the SEC, and that each member of the Audit Committee meets the financial literacy and experience requirements of the applicable SEC and NYSE rules. In addition, the board of directors has determined that Mr. Ammerman is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC. Except for Mr. Ammerman, none of the Audit Committee members serves on the Audit Committee of more than three public companies. The board of directors has determined that Mr. Ammerman’s simultaneous service on the audit committee of more than three public companies does not impair his ability to effectively serve on the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee met six times in 2013.
Our Audit Committee charter requires that the Audit Committee oversee our corporate accounting and financial reporting processes. The primary responsibilities and functions of our Audit Committee are, among other things, as follows:
approve in advance all auditing services, including the provision of comfort letters in connection with securities offerings and various non-audit services permitted by applicable law to be provided to the Company by its independent auditors;
evaluate our independent auditor’s qualifications, independence and performance;
determine and approve the engagement and compensation of our independent auditor;
meet with our independent auditor to review and approve the plan and scope for each audit and review and recommend action with respect to the results of such audit;
annually evaluate our independent auditor’s internal quality-control procedures and all relationships between the independent auditor and the Company which may impact their objectivity and independence;
monitor the rotation of partners and managers of the independent auditor as required;
review our consolidated financial statements;
review our critical accounting policies and estimates, including any significant changes in the Company’s selection or application of accounting principles;
review analyses prepared by management and/or the independent auditor setting forth significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in connection with the preparation of the financial statements;
resolve any disagreements between management and the independent auditor regarding financial reporting;
review and discuss with the Company’s independent auditor and management the Company’s audited financial statements, including related disclosures;
 
discuss with our management and our independent auditor the results of our annual audit and the review of our audited financial statements;
meet periodically with our management and internal audit team to consider the adequacy of our internal controls and the objectivity of our financial reporting;
establish procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints regarding internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; and
retain, in its sole discretion, its own separate advisors.
Audit Committee Report
Our Audit Committee issued the following report for inclusion in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.
1. The Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013 with management of William Lyon Homes and with William Lyon Homes’ independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP.
2. The Audit Committee has discussed with KPMG LLP those matters required by Statement on Auditing Standards 16, “Communications with Audit Committees,” as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”).

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3. The Audit Committee has received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from KPMG LLP required by the PCAOB regarding KPMG LLP’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning the accountant’s independence, and has discussed with KPMG LLP its independence from William Lyon Homes and its management.
    4. Based on the review and discussions referenced to in paragraphs 1 through 3 above, the Audit Committee recommended to our Board of Directors that the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013 be included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for that year for filing with the SEC.

THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
Douglas K Ammerman, Chairman
Matthew R. Niemann
Gary H. Hunt
Lynn Carlson Schell
Compensation Committee
The Company has a standing Compensation Committee, which is chaired by Matthew R. Niemann and consists of Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Schell. Our board of directors has determined that each of these directors is independent under NYSE rules. The Compensation Committee met four times in 2013.
Pursuant to its charter, the primary responsibilities and functions of our Compensation Committee are, among other things, as follows:
evaluate the performance of executive officers in light of certain corporate goals and objectives and determine and approve their compensation packages;
recommend to the board of directors new compensation programs or arrangements if deemed appropriate;
recommend to the board of directors compensation programs for directors based on the practices of similarly situated companies;
counsel management with respect to personnel compensation policies and programs;
review and approve all equity compensation plans of the Company;
oversee the Company’s assessment of any risks arising from its compensation programs and policies likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company;
prepare an annual report on executive compensation for inclusion in our proxy statement; and
retain, in its sole discretion, its own separate advisors.
In March 2012, the Compensation Committee retained Christenson Advisors, or Christenson, as its compensation consultant to advise the Compensation Committee with respect to various elements of the Company’s executive compensation pay structure for 2012 and into 2013. In November 2013, the Compensation Committee retained Mercer (US) Inc., or Mercer, as its independent compensation consultant to advise on executive and director compensation matters for the remainder of 2013 and into 2014. The Compensation Committee has reviewed the independence of Christenson’s and Mercer’s advisory role relative to the six consultant independence factors adopted by the SEC to guide listed companies in determining the independence of their compensation consultants, legal counsel and other advisers. Following its review, the Compensation Committee has determined that no conflict of interest arose from the work performed by Christenson or Mercer during the year ended December 31, 2013 or thereafter (in the case of Mercer).
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The Company has a standing Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which is chaired by Gary H. Hunt and consists of Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman, Niemann and Redleaf and Ms. Schell. Our board of directors has determined that each of these directors is independent under NYSE rules. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee met three times in 2013.
Pursuant to its charter, the primary responsibilities and functions of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee are, among other things, as follows:
establish standards for service on our board of directors and nominating guidelines and principles;

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identify, screen and review qualified individuals to be nominated for election to our board of directors and to fill vacancies or newly created board positions;
assist the board of directors in making determinations regarding director independence as well as the financial literacy and expertise of Audit Committee members and nominees;
establish criteria for committee membership and recommend directors to serve on each committee;
 
consider and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding its size and composition, committee composition and structure and procedures affecting directors;
conduct an annual evaluation and review of the performance of existing directors;
review and monitor compliance with, and the effectiveness of, the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines and its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics;
monitor our corporate governance principles and practices and make recommendations to our board of directors regarding governance matters, including the Certificate of Incorporation, our bylaws and charters of our committees; and
retain, in its sole discretion, its own separate advisors.
Corporate Finance Committee
The Company has a standing Corporate Finance Committee, which is co-chaired by Mr. Niemann and Ms. Schell, and consists of Messrs. Ammerman, Niemann and Redleaf (effective as of February 2014) and Ms. Schell, in order to consider and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding issues impacting the financial structure and strategic direction of the Company, including, but not limited to, stock and debt issuance and repurchase policies, stock splits and other proposed changes to the Company’s capital structure, mergers, acquisitions and divestiture activities, and strategic partnerships and investments. The charter of the Corporate Finance Committee provides that each member of the Corporate Finance Committee must be a non-employee director and must be independent, as defined under applicable law and stock exchange rules.
Pursuant to its charter, the primary responsibilities of our Corporate Finance Committee are, among other things, as follows:
serve as the designated subcommittee of the board of directors for the pricing of debt and equity offerings, including this offering, as directed by the board of directors;
review and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding changes in the Company’s capital structure, including, but not limited to (i) programs to issue or repurchase the Company’s stock, (ii) issues relating to the redemption and/or issuance of any preferred stock of the Company and (iii) stock splits;
review and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding significant stockholder transfers for which the approval of the board of directors is requested or required;
review and make recommendations on financing for mergers, acquisitions and other major financial transactions requiring the approval of the board of directors; and
evaluate any bona fide proposal from a party (other than the Company) that could reasonably be expected to result in a major acquisition, disposition, divestiture, sale, merger or similar major transaction of the Company for recommendation to the full board of directors.
Other Committees
Our board of directors may establish other committees as it deems necessary or appropriate from time to time.
Board Leadership Structure
Our current leadership structure permits the roles of Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer to be filled by the same or different individuals. Effective as of March 6, 2013, William H. Lyon assumed the role of Chief Executive Officer, with General Lyon continuing as Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman. Our board of directors has determined this structure to be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders at this time due to General Lyon’s extensive history with the Company. Separating the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer roles further allows the Chief Executive Officer to focus his time and energy on operating and managing the Company and leveraging the experience and perspectives of the Chairman of the Board.

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Furthermore, Mr. Hunt serves as our lead independent director, and has served in such role since May 2012. As the board’s lead independent director, Mr. Hunt holds a critical role in assuring effective corporate governance and in managing the affairs of our board of directors. Among other responsibilities, Mr. Hunt:
presides over executive sessions of the board of directors and over board meetings when the Chairman of the Board is not in attendance;
consults with the Chairman of the Board and other board members on corporate governance practices and policies, and assuming the primary leadership role in addressing issues of this nature if, under the circumstances, it is inappropriate for the Chairman of the Board to assume such leadership;
meets informally with other outside directors between board meetings to assure free and open communication within the group of outside directors;
assists the Chairman of the Board in preparing the board agenda so that the agenda includes items requested by non-management members of our board of directors;
administers the annual board evaluation and reporting the results to the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee; and
assumes other responsibilities that the non-management directors might designate from time to time.
The Board periodically reviews the leadership structure and may make changes in the future.
Board Risk Oversight
The board of directors is actively involved in oversight of risks that could affect the Company. The board of directors satisfies this responsibility through full reports by each committee chair (principally, the Audit Committee chair) regarding such committee’s considerations and actions, as well as through regular reports directly from the officers responsible for oversight of particular risks within the Company.
The Audit Committee is primarily responsible for overseeing the risk management function at the Company on behalf of the board of directors. In carrying out its responsibilities, the Audit Committee works closely with management. The Audit Committee meets at least quarterly with members of management and, among things, receives an update on management’s assessment of risk exposures (including risks related to liquidity, credit and operations, among others). The Audit Committee chair provides periodic reports on risk management to the full board of directors.
In addition to the Audit Committee, the other committees of the board of directors consider the risks within their areas of responsibility.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
The individuals who served as members of the Compensation Committee during fiscal year 2013 are Douglas K. Ammerman, Michael Barr, Gary H. Hunt, Matthew R. Niemann and Lynn Carlson Schell. During their service on the Compensation Committee none of the members had any relationship requiring disclosure under Item 404 of Regulation S-K, and none of the members of the Compensation Committee has ever been an officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. None of the Company’s named executive officers has ever served as a director or member of the Compensation Committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions) of another entity, one of whose executive officers served in either of those capacities for the Company.
Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors
Stockholders may send communications to our board of directors by writing to the Company, c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660, Attention: Board of Directors.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers, directors and persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of our equity securities to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC and the NYSE. Executive officers, directors and greater than ten-percent stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.
Based solely on our review of the copies of such forms furnished to us and the written representations from certain of the reporting persons that no other reports were required, we believe that during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, all

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executive officers, directors and greater than ten-percent beneficial owners complied with the reporting requirements of Section 16(a).
Code of Ethics and Business Conduct
The board of directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, or the Code of Ethics, that is applicable to all directors, employees and officers of the Company. The Code of Ethics constitutes the Company’s “code of ethics” within the meaning of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company intends to disclose future amendments to certain provisions of the Code of Ethics, or waivers of such provisions applicable to the Company’s directors and executive officers, on the Company’s website at www.lyonhomes.com.
The Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s website at www.lyonhomes.com. In addition, printed copies of the Code of Ethics are available upon written request to Investor Relations, William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660. The inclusion of our website address herein does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 11.
Executive Compensation
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
Executive Summary
This Compensation Discussion and Analysis section discusses the material elements of the compensation programs and policies in place for the Company’s named executive officers, or NEOs, who for 2013 were:

General William Lyon, Chairman of the Board and Executive Chairman;
William H. Lyon, Director and Chief Executive Officer;
Matthew R. Zaist, President and Chief Operating Officer;
Colin T. Severn, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer;
Brian W. Doyle, Senior Vice President and California Region President; and
Richard S. Robinson, Senior Vice President of Finance and Acquisition

As previously disclosed, effective March 6, 2013: the Company’s Board of Directors, or the board, approved (i) a newly established role of Executive Chairman for General William Lyon, (ii) the appointment of William H. Lyon, the Company’s then President and Chief Operating Officer, to the role of Chief Executive Officer and (iii) the appointment of Matthew R. Zaist, the Company’s then Executive Vice President, to the role of President and Chief Operating Officer.

Selected 2013 Business Highlights and Pay for Performance

Our executive compensation programs emphasize pay-for-performance and alignment of executive pay with stockholder interests. As illustrated by the financial and operating results below, 2013 represented a hallmark year for the Company (all results are with comparison to full year 2012).

Initial Public Offering. The Company successfully completed its $250 million initial public offering in May 2013, generating net proceeds to the Company of $163.7 million. In connection with its IPO, the Company effected a “Common Stock Recapitalization” which consisted of the conversion of all of our previously outstanding shares of Class D Common Stock, including shares underlying outstanding equity awards, into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split. All share amounts and class references presented in this “Executive Compensation” section give effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization, and thus are on a post-split and post-conversion basis.

Strong Financial Performance. Our strong performance in 2013 resulted in Adjusted EBITDA of $88.9 million, an increase of 184% over the prior year, and net income available to common stockholders of $127.6 million, or $4.95 per diluted share. Excluding the $95.6 million deferred tax asset valuation allowance reversal which occurred during the fourth quarter of 2013, net income was $32.0 million and diluted earnings per share was $1.24.

Other key indicators of our successful 2013 fiscal year included, among other things:


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Operating income of $55.9 million, up more than 28 times
Consolidated operating revenue of $572.5 million, up 44%
Home sales revenue of $521.3 million, up 100%
Homebuilding gross margin of $115.8 million, up 166%
New home deliveries of 1,360 homes, up 43%

In addition to the strong financial and operational performance we achieved in 2013, during the year we strengthened our balance sheet and enhanced our financial flexibility with several successful capital markets transactions including our May IPO and a $100 million tack-on bond offering in October, collectively generating $263.7 million of net proceeds for the Company which we used for general corporate purposes, including substantial investment in land and land development, enabling us to lay the foundation for our growth plans.

Pay for Performance. In 2013, we adopted incentive compensation programs with clearly defined performance objectives, reflecting our commitment to a pay for performance philosophy. Based on the strong financial performance noted above, we exceeded our maximum goals for 2013 Adjusted EBITDA and return on equity, or ROE, the two pre-established financial measures under our annual cash incentive award program and equity incentive award program, respectively, which contributed to achievement of Adjusted EBITDA at 148% of target for purposes of the annual cash incentive award program and achievement of ROE at 178% of target (707% of target if you include the $95.6 million deferred tax asset valuation allowance reversal) for purposes of the equity incentive award program, resulting in the payment of cash bonus amounts at 150% of target levels and shares earned under the equity incentive program at 150% of target shares.
Other Compensation and Governance Highlights
We maintain robust stock ownership guidelines, requiring our named executive officers to hold 100% of their shares until they attain certain pre-established multiples of base salary which are 4x (for our CEO and COO) and 2x (for all other NEOs) base salary.
All of our employees and board members are prohibited from engaging in short sales, purchasing or pledging shares on margin (other than for “cashless exercise” of stock options) and, absent highly unusual circumstances, are prohibited from entering into any hedging or similar transactions with respect to securities.
Compensation Philosophy and Objectives
The goals of the Company’s compensation program are to provide significant rewards for successful performance and to encourage retention of top executives who may have attractive opportunities at other companies, given the highly competitive homebuilding industry, and to align executive pay with the interests of the Company's stockholders. At the same time, the Company tries to keep its selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, costs at competitive levels when compared with other major homebuilders.
Role of the Compensation Committee and Compensation Consultants
The Company’s executive compensation decisions are made by the Compensation Committee, which is composed entirely of independent non-employee members of the Company’s board of directors. The Compensation Committee receives recommendations from the Company’s senior executive management team regarding the compensation of the Company’s executives. The Compensation Committee also consults with outside independent compensation consultants as it deems appropriate. In March 2012, the Compensation Committee retained Christenson Advisors as its independent compensation consultant to advise the Compensation Committee with respect to various elements of our executive compensation pay structure. In 2012 and early 2013, Mr. William H. Lyon and Mr. Zaist were involved in the compensation process by making recommendations to the Compensation Committee regarding compensation for the NEOs and other senior executives and by working with Christenson Advisors to give them the information necessary to enable them to complete their reports.

In general, the Compensation Committee strives to achieve an appropriate mix between equity incentive awards and cash payments in order to meet its compensation objectives. The objective of the Company’s non-cash and long-term incentive-based programs is to align the compensation of the NEOs with the interests of the Company’s stockholders. However, the Compensation Committee does not have rigid apportionment goals or policies for allocating compensation between long-term and short-term compensation or cash and non-cash compensation. The Company’s mix of compensation elements is designed to reward recent results and motivate long-term performance through a combination of cash and equity incentive awards. The differences in NEO compensation levels reflect to a significant degree the varying roles and responsibilities of each NEO.

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During the first quarter of 2013, the Compensation Committee reviewed the Company’s compensation programs and practices in light of certain comparative data on long-term equity compensation, base salaries and bonuses compiled by its independent compensation consultant, Christenson Advisors, at the request of the Compensation Committee. Given the anticipation that the Company would become publicly traded, Christenson Advisors compiled information on the compensation practices of a public homebuilder peer group that generally included the following companies: Beazer Homes, DR Horton, Hovnanian Enterprises, KB Home, Lennar, MDC Holdings, Meritage Homes, Pulte Group, Ryland Group, Standard Pacific and Toll Brothers. In selecting the homebuilders most comparable to the Company to be included in the peer group, Christenson Advisors focused on companies’ size, location and development projects, as well as the background and experience of management. Christenson also provided the Compensation Committee with select compensation data for a number of private homebuilder companies, based on Christenson’s survey of such companies.
In setting the compensation levels of the Company’s executive officers for 2013, the Compensation Committee reviewed the peer group data compiled by Christenson Advisors and relied on Christenson Advisors’ peer group analyses of public and private homebuilders, utilizing this data to inform the Compensation Committee’s decisions regarding compensation levels for the Company’s executive officers for 2013. In arriving at its decisions, the Compensation Committee generally benchmarked its decisions against the bottom quartile of the public homebuilder peer group companies and the top quartile of the private homebuilder data in the analyses provided by Christenson Advisors. Benchmarking against peer group companies was one aspect of the process used to establish fiscal year 2013 compensation, as the Compensation Committee also relied on its experience and judgment as well as the Company’s recent performance and restructuring and the current economic environment to set overall compensation levels. The Compensation Committee also based its determinations for 2013 compensation levels on each individual NEO’s leadership qualities, operational performance, business responsibilities, career with our company, current compensation arrangements and long-term potential to enhance stockholder value. The Compensation Committee was advised by Christenson Advisors that 2013 overall compensation for our NEOs fell within the targeted benchmark of the bottom quartile of the public homebuilder peer group companies and the top quartile of the private homebuilders surveyed by Christenson, adequately reflecting the Company’s relative market position and growth as it emerged from restructuring.
In November 2013, the Compensation Committee retained Mercer (US) Inc. as its independent compensation consultant to advise on executive and director compensation matters for 2014.
Elements of Compensation for 2013
Base Salary
The Company’s Compensation Committee generally reviews the base salary of the Company’s NEOs annually. For 2013, with respect to all NEOs other than General Lyon, for whom salary was the principal component of compensation, the Company does not regard salary as the principal component of compensation, and also uses short-term annual incentive bonuses and long-term equity incentives to reward performance and loyalty while keeping SG&A costs competitive.
Effective March 11, 2013, the base salaries of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Severn, Zaist, Doyle and Robinson were increased as reflected below, based in part on the Compensation Committee’s desire to benchmark against the bottom quartile of the public homebuilder peer group companies and the top quartile of the private homebuilder data in the analyses provided by Christenson Advisors in early 2013, as well as the Compensation Committee’s determination that such increases were warranted based on the Company’s and the executives’ performances during 2012, and to reflect the change in roles for Messrs. William H. Lyon and Zaist. The table below shows each NEO’s annual base salary for each of the 2012 and 2013 fiscal years.
 
Name
FY 2012 Base Salary ($)
FY 2013 Base Salary ($)
General William Lyon
1,000,000

1,000,000

William H. Lyon
500,000

600,000

Matthew R. Zaist
350,000

500,000

Colin T. Severn
200,000

250,000

Brian W. Doyle
275,000

300,000

Richard S. Robinson
200,000

225,000

2013 Annual Bonuses
For fiscal year 2013, General William Lyon was eligible to earn a cash bonus of up to 100% of his base salary, to be determined based upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, in its discretion.
Pursuant to the annual incentive cash bonus program for 2013 adopted by the board, certain of the NEOs were eligible to earn a cash bonus up to 150% of his target bonus opportunity based on the Company’s achievement of a pre-established

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consolidated EBITDA target (in the case of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist, Severn and Robinson) and, in the case of Mr. Doyle, a blend of consolidated EBITDA (weighted 30%) and regional EBITDA (weighted 70%), in each case with such adjustments as may be approved by the Compensation Committee, including positive and negative discretion, as applicable. Bonus payouts as a percentage of target cash bonus opportunity for NEOs are set forth below:

 
 
Threshold
Target
Maximum
Percent of EBITDA Target Achieved
75%
100%
125%
Bonus Payout (as a % of Target Bonus Opportunity
50%
100%
150%
Achievement of performance criteria in between the threshold, target and maximum levels above would result in payouts calculated on a linear, 2:1 increase or decrease (e.g., if 87.5% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 75% of his target bonus opportunity, or if 110% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 120% of his target bonus opportunity). Target bonus opportunities were 100% of base salary for each of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist and Doyle, 70% of base salary for Mr. Severn and 67% of base salary for Mr. Robinson.
As permitted under the terms of the 2013 annual incentive cash bonus program, consolidated EBITDA, meaning net income (loss) attributable to the Company, was adjusted for benefit from income taxes, interest expense (incurred and capitalized), amortization of capitalized interest included in cost of sales, stock based compensation, loss on sale of fixed asset and depreciation and amortization. The 2013 consolidated Adjusted EBITDA target was set at a level that was 192% greater than actual results of such metric for the 2012 fiscal year. On a regional level, the target for California was set at a level that was also significantly higher than what was actually achieved in 2012.
The table below shows the Adjusted EBITDA goal established and our actual performance for 2013:

Target Adjusted EBITDA
Actual Adjusted EBITDA
Percent of Target
$60.1 million
$88.9 million
148%
Based on the achievement of Company and regional levels of Adjusted EBITDA performance at above 125% of target levels, and the Compensation Committee’s determination not to exercise negative discretion to reduce any individual performance award, the Compensation Committee approved payouts under the 2013 annual incentive cash bonus program at 150% of target bonus for all eligible NEOs, including Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson. The Compensation Committee determined to award a 2013 cash bonus to General Lyon at the maximum amount of $1,000,000 based on the Company’s performance during the 2013 fiscal year in comparison to its business plan, the experience and tenure of General Lyon, General Lyon’s key contacts and relationships in the industry enhancing business growth and opportunities for the Company, General Lyon’s continuing mentorship role for key Company executives, General Lyon’s employment agreement, and General Lyon’s responsibilities, contributions and overall compensation. Set forth below are the 2013 cash bonus payouts for each NEO:
 
Name
2013 Cash Bonus ($)
General William Lyon
1,000,000

William H. Lyon
900,000

Matthew R. Zaist
750,000

Colin T. Severn
262,500

Brian W. Doyle
450,000

Richard S. Robinson
225,000

One-Time Prop 30 Cash Awards
On February 27, 2013, the Compensation Committee determined to award to certain Company executives who reside in California, including Messrs. Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson, an additional cash payments intended to offset the impact of higher income tax rates retroactively imposed on such executives as a result of the passage of the State of California’s Proposition 30 in November 2012, or Prop 30. In connection with certain restricted stock awards granted to these executives in October 2012, the executives took action anticipating the tax impact at the time, but Prop 30 had the effect of imposing additional taxes subsequent to such action and taxable events. The additional payments were one-time in nature and meant to

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cover such additional taxes owed by the executive due to Prop 30. The aggregate amount of these cash awards were as follows: Mr. Zaist ($61,971); Mr. Severn ($6,865); Mr. Doyle ($19,151); and Mr. Robinson ($5,148).
Long-Term Equity-Based Compensation
On February 27, 2013, the board of directors adopted the 2013 long-term equity incentive program, or the 2013 LTIP. Under the 2013 LTIP, an aggregate of 173,793 shares of performance-based restricted shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock (giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization) were awarded to Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson with a grant date of March 1, 2013, representing the maximum number of shares of performance-based restricted stock that may be earned under the 2013 LTIP, subject to forfeiture based on service and performance conditions. The number of shares reflected below represents the target number of shares that may be earned, or Target Shares, based on the Company’s achievement of a pre-established ROE performance target as of the end of the 2013 fiscal year, with such adjustments as may be approved by the Compensation Committee. ROE is calculated as the percentage equivalent of the fraction resulting from dividing the Company’s net income available to common stockholders during the 2013 performance period by the Company’s total stockholders’ equity, including redeemable preferred convertible stock, at December 12, 2012, each calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
One-third of the earned shares will vest on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to each officer’s continued service through each such vesting date. The performance-based restricted stock opportunities for certain of our NEOs are set forth below:

 
Threshold
Target
Maximum
Percent of ROE Target Achieved for 2013 Fiscal Year
75%
100%
125%
Target Shares Earned
50%
100%
150%
Achievement of the ROE target in between the threshold, target and maximum levels above would result in Target Shares earned calculated on a linear, 2:1 increase or decrease (e.g., if 87.5% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 75% of his Target Shares, or if 110% of the target is achieved, the NEO’s payout will be 120% of his Target Shares).

Name
 
Target Shares of Performance-Based Restricted Stock (giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization)
William H. Lyon
 
42,781

Matthew R. Zaist
 
35,651

Colin Severn
 
8,913

Brian Doyle
 
21,391

Richard S. Robinson
 
7,131

Target ROE for 2013 was 13.49%. In February 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that the Company achieved ROE of 23.9%, or 178% of target (707% of target if you include the $95.6 million deferred tax asset valuation allowance reversal), resulting in each NEO listed above earning 150% of his Target Shares.
In addition, in November 2013, the Compensation Committee approved an amendment to the existing five-year stock options granted to certain executives, including certain NEOs, in October 2012, to extend the mandatory exercise period of such options. The existing award agreements for the five-year options had been subject to mandatory exercise upon the earlier of the expiration of the lock-up period following an initial public offering of the Company or the expiration of the five-year term, provided, that if the initial public offering occurred prior to the applicable vesting date of the options, such options would be exercised upon the applicable vesting date. The amendment to the five-year option agreements modified the awards such that the mandatory exercise period was extended to the first open trading window under the Company’s Insider Trading Policy, which had been adopted in connection with the Company’s May 2013 IPO, during the first quarter of 2014, and for the subsequent fiscal year for any unvested tranches as of such date, such that any mandatory exercise of the five-year options would occur only during an open trading window.
Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits
Company provides certain of our management team and more senior executives, including our NEOs, with certain perquisites and other personal benefits that the Company believes are reasonable and consistent with the overall compensation program to better enable the Company to attract and retain employees for key positions. These perquisites include an annual automobile allowance of $4,800 ($400 per month), payable in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll schedule, and reimbursement for gasoline for use of one personal vehicle. Our NEOs are also eligible to participate in an executive supplemental health insurance plan.

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In addition, the Company has established a 401(k) retirement savings plan for its employees, including the NEOs, who satisfy certain eligibility requirements. Under the 401(k) plan, eligible employees may elect to contribute pre-tax amounts, up to a statutorily prescribed limit, to the 401(k) plan. For 2013, the prescribed annual limit was $17,500, plus up to an additional $5,500 “catch-up” contribution available for eligible participants over age 50. The Company believes that providing a vehicle for tax-preferred retirement savings through the 401(k) plan adds to the overall desirability of its executive compensation package and further incents the Company’s employees, including the NEOs, in accordance with the Company’s compensation policies. For 2013, the Company approved payment of matching contributions to each eligible participant’s plan account in an amount equal to 50% of each participant’s deferrals for 2013, up to a maximum of 3% of the participant’s eligible compensation during 2013.
Stock Ownership, Holding and Anti-Pledging Policies
On February 27, 2013, the Company’s board of directors adopted the stock ownership threshold levels set forth in the table below:

Position
Minimum Level of Stock Value Required to be Held
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer
4x Base Salary
Other NEOs
2x Base Salary
Under the terms of the Company’s stock ownership guidelines, executive officers must hold 100% of all shares received from the vesting, delivery or exercise of equity awards granted under the Company’s equity award plans (net of shares used to pay the exercise price of options or purchase price of other awards, all applicable withholding taxes and all applicable transaction costs) until the executive officer’s qualifying holdings meet or exceed the applicable salary multiple. In addition, absent a waiver by the Company or undue hardship, executive officers may not dispose of share holdings (by sale or otherwise) if the disposition would result in qualifying holdings falling below the applicable salary multiple. “Qualifying holdings” generally refer to shares of Class A Common Stock (i) held by the executive officer or certain trusts or entities controlled by the executive officer, (ii) held by a 401(k) or other qualified pension or profit-sharing plan for the executive officer’s benefit and (iii) underlying vested restricted stock units. All of our NEOs are in compliance with the stock ownership guidelines.
In addition, the Company has also implemented a prohibition applicable to all of our directors and employees, including our executive officers, from engaging in short sales, purchasing or pledging shares on margin (other than for “cashless exercise” of stock options) and, absent highly unusual circumstances, all such employees and directors are prohibited from entering into any hedging or similar transactions with respect to securities. 

Delegation of Authority to Grant Equity Awards
 
In February 2013, the Compensation Committee established a subcommittee comprised of our Chief Executive Officer in his capacity as a member of the board, as sole member, with limited authority to grant a certain number of restricted stock awards to employees of the Company who are not participants in the 2013 LTIP, and subject to certain other limitations and conditions. In accordance with this delegated authority, for fiscal year 2013, the subcommittee granted a total of 35,286 shares of restricted stock.
Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits
General William Lyon and William H. Lyon
Effective February 25, 2012, the Company and California Lyon entered into employment agreements with General William Lyon and William H. Lyon, pursuant to which General Lyon will continue to serve as the Chairman of the board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and California Lyon, and William H. Lyon will continue to serve as President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company and California Lyon. On March 6, 2013, the Company’s board of directors established the new role of Executive Chairman for General Lyon. General Lyon will no longer serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company but will continue to serve as Chairman of the board. On the same date, the Company’s board of directors appointed William H. Lyon to serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company.
The term of each employment agreement expires on December 31, 2014, subject to earlier termination as provided in the employment agreement. Under the employment agreements, General Lyon and William H. Lyon are entitled to annual base salaries of $1 million and $500,000 per year, respectively. Effective as of March 11, 2013, the board of directors increased Mr. William H. Lyon’s annual base salary to $600,000 per year.

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Under these employment agreements, commencing with fiscal year 2013, bonuses will be payable under the Company’s bonus program for senior executives, in the sole discretion of the Company’s Compensation Committee. The payment of a portion of the bonuses may be deferred as provided in the terms of the bonus program.
In the event of the termination of the executive’s employment by California Lyon without “cause” as defined in each employment agreement or the termination by the executive of his employment for “good reason” as defined in each employment agreement, the executive is entitled to receive (i) a payment equal to the greater of 18 months of salary or the amount of salary otherwise payable for the remainder of the scheduled term of employment; (ii) any deferred and unpaid bonuses; and (iii) the amount of bonus that the executive would have earned in the year of termination. In addition, the executive is entitled to receive reimbursement for certain health benefits coverage through the earlier of the end of the originally scheduled term of employment (but not less than 6 months after the date of termination) and the date when the executive becomes covered under another group health or disability plan.
Under the employment agreements, “good reason” will be deemed to have occurred, among other things, (i) if California Lyon breaches the employment agreement (including a material reduction in compensation, title, positions, responsibilities, authority or duties), (ii) if the Company or California Lyon ceases to acquire or develop land or materially changes its business, or invests or engages in new businesses that compete with Lyon Management Group, Inc. and/or Lyon Capital Ventures, LLC, (iii) upon the relocation (without the executive’s consent) of the executive’s or California Lyon’s principal place of business outside of Orange County, California; or (iv) upon the occurrence of a change of control, as defined in the employment agreement.
In the event of a termination of the executive’s employment due to death or disability, the executive (or his estate) will be entitled to receive (i) a payment equal to the amount of salary otherwise payable for the remainder of the scheduled term of employment; (ii) any deferred and unpaid bonuses; and (iii) continued health insurance coverage for a specified period of time following termination.
Matthew Zaist, Colin Severn, Brian Doyle and Richard Robinson
On October 10, 2012, our board approved, effective as of September 1, 2012, an employment agreement between California Lyon and Mr. Zaist and employment agreements between California Lyon and each of Messrs. Severn, Doyle and Robinson, or the 2012 Employment Agreements. For Mr. Zaist, the 2012 Employment Agreement was amended effective as of March 6, 2013 to reflect his change in position to President and Chief Operating Officer, base salary increase and that his annual cash bonus target would be no less than 100% of his annual base salary (as compared to no less than 125% of base salary as provided in the 2012 Employment Agreement). For Messrs. Severn, Doyle and Robinson, the 2012 Employment Agreement was replaced and superseded by a new form of employment agreement effective as of April 1, 2013, which reflected increases to base salary, as applicable, replaced certain incentive award provisions with references to the Compensation Committee’s establishment of any such programs, and certain other nonmaterial changes. The new agreements, or amended agreements, as applicable, for each of Messrs. Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson are individually referred to as an “Employment Agreement” and collectively referred to as the “Employment Agreements.”
The term of Mr. Zaist’s Employment Agreement will expire on August 31, 2015, subject to earlier termination as provided in the agreement. The term of the Employment Agreements for each of Messrs. Severn, Doyle and Robinson are for an initial period expiring March 31, 2014, with automatic one-year renewal periods annually thereafter unless either party provides the other with written notice of nonrenewal at least 60 days prior to the expiration of the term.
Under the Employment Agreements, Messrs. Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson are entitled to annual base salaries of $500,000, $250,000, $300,000 and $225,000, respectively. Each executive’s annual base salary is subject to increase (but not decrease) from time to time, in the sole discretion of the Compensation Committee.
Messrs. Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson each had the right to earn a cash bonus during the 2013 fiscal year with a target amount equal to 100%, 70%, 100% and 67% of base salary, respectively, payable in part in 2014 and 2015, as provided for in the employment agreements and the terms of the 2013 annual cash incentive program. Future target bonus levels will be established by the Compensation Committee in its sole discretion and, in the case of Mr. Zaist, will not be less than 100% of Mr. Zaist’s annual base salary.
In the event of a termination of the executive’s employment due to death or disability, by the Company for “cause” or by the executive without “good reason,” the executive (or his estate) will be entitled to receive no benefits other than accrued but unpaid base salary and vacation benefits through the date of termination.
Under the Employment Agreements, in the event of the termination of the executive’s employment by the Company without “cause,” as defined in the employment agreements, or the termination by the executive of his employment for “good

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reason,” as defined below, the executive is entitled to receive (i) a payment equal to the product of (A) 1.5, in the case of Mr. Zaist, and 1.0, in the case of Messrs. Severn, Doyle and Robinson, multiplied by (B) the sum of the executive’s annual salary plus target cash bonus at the time of his termination of employment; (ii) any deferred and unpaid bonuses; (iii) in the case of Messrs. Zaist and Robinson, accelerated vesting in full of all restricted stock awards and options granted under the 2012 Plan and, in the case of each of Messrs. Severn and Doyle, if such termination occurs on or within 12 months following a change in control as defined in the employment agreement (and the executive’s respective equity awards are not assumed by the successor corporation), accelerated vesting in full of all restricted stock awards and options granted under the 2012 Plan; (iv) reimbursement for certain health benefits coverage through the earlier of (A) the end of the six-month period (twelve-month period in the case of Mr. Zaist) beginning on the first day of the month following the month of the executive’s termination of employment and (B) the date when the executive becomes covered under another employer’s group health or disability plan; and (v) in the case of Mr. Zaist, a release of claims from the Company, the Company and their affiliates.
Each executive’s receipt of the foregoing severance benefits is conditioned on his execution of a general release in favor of the Company and his compliance with certain noncompetition and nonsolicitation obligations. The Employment Agreements also provide that the executives will be indemnified to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law.
Under the Employment Agreements, “good reason” generally includes (i) a material breach of the employment agreement by the Company (including a material reduction in authority, duties or base salary), (ii) a relocation of the executive’s or the Company’s principal place of business outside a specified area, or (iii) the occurrence of a “change in control”, as defined in the employment agreement. In addition, under Mr. Zaist’s New Employment Agreement, “good reason” also includes certain changes with respect to Mr. Zaist’s reporting relationship within the Company or in the senior management structure of the Company.
Tax and Accounting Considerations
Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code
Generally, Section 162(m) of the Code disallows a tax deduction to any publicly held corporation for any individual remuneration in excess of $1.0 million paid in any taxable year to its chief executive officer and each of its other NEOs, other than its chief financial officer. However, remuneration in excess of $1.0 million may be deducted if, among other things, it qualifies as “performance-based compensation” within the meaning of the Code. Because the Company was not subject to Section 162(m) of the Code in 2013, it was not a factor in the Company’s 2013 compensation decisions.
Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code
Section 280G of the Code disallows a tax deduction with respect to excess parachute payments to certain executives of companies that undergo a change in control. In addition, Section 4999 of the Code imposes a 20% excise tax on the individual with respect to the excess parachute payment. Parachute payments are those amounts of compensation linked to or triggered by a change in control and may include, but are not limited to, bonus payments, severance payments, certain fringe benefits, and payments and acceleration of vesting from long-term incentive plans including stock options and other equity-based compensation. Excess parachute payments are parachute payments that exceed a threshold determined under Section 280G of the Code based on the executive’s prior compensation. In approving certain compensation arrangements for the NEOs in the future, the Compensation Committee may consider all elements of the cost to the Company of providing such compensation, including the potential impact of Section 280G of the Code. However, the Compensation Committee may, in its judgment, authorize compensation arrangements that could give rise to loss of deductibility under Section 280G of the Code and the imposition of excise taxes under Section 4999 of the Code when it believes that such arrangements are appropriate to attract and retain executive talent.
Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code
Section 409A of the Code requires that “nonqualified deferred compensation” be deferred and paid under plans or arrangements that satisfy the requirements of the statute with respect to the timing of deferral elections, timing of payments and certain other matters. Failure to satisfy these requirements can expose employees and other service providers to accelerated income tax liabilities, penalty taxes and interest on their vested compensation under such plans. Accordingly, as a general matter, it is the Company’s intention to design and administer its compensation and benefits plans and arrangements for all of its employees and other service providers, including the NEOs, so that they are either exempt from, or satisfy the requirements of, Section 409A of the Code.
Compensation Committee Report
The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management and, based on such review and discussions, the Compensation Committee

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recommended to the board of directors of the Company that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013 and the Proxy Statement for the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders.
THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
Matthew R. Niemann, Chairman
Douglas K. Ammerman
Gary H. Hunt
Lynn Carlson Schell

Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to compensation for the 2013, 2012 and 2011 fiscal years earned by, awarded to or paid to the NEOs.
 
Name and Principal
Position
 
Year
 
Salary
($)(1)
 
Bonus
($)
 
Stock
Awards
($)(2)
 
Option
Awards
($)(2)
 
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
 
Change in
Pension Value
and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
 
All Other
Compensation
($)
 
Total
($)
General William Lyon
 
2013
 
1,000,000

 
1,000,000

 

 

 

 

 
27,902

(7)
2,027,902

Chairman of the Board
 
2012
 
1,000,000

  
500,000

 

 

 

 

 

  
1,500,000

and Executive Chairman
 
2011
 
1,000,000

  

 

 

 

 

 

  
1,000,000

William H. Lyon
 
2013
 
576,923

(5)

 
600,000

 

 
900,000

 

 
29,726

(7)
2,106,649

Director and Chief Executive Officer
 
2012
 
453,847

 
250,000

 

 

 

 

 

  
703,847

 
 
2011
 
490,385

  

 

 

 

 

 

  
490,385

Matthew R. Zaist
 
2013
 
465,384

(5)
38,682

(6
)
500,000

 
101

 
750,000

 

 
38,724

(7)
1,792,891

President and Chief Operating Officer
 
2012
 
350,000

  
437,500

 
1,260,000

 
1,192,966

 

 

 

  
3,240,466

 
2011
 
330,769

  

 

 

 
324,620

 

 

  
655,389

Colin T. Severn
 
2013
 
238,461

(5)
4,347

(6
)
125,000

 
15

 
262,500

 

 
24,304

(7)
654,627

Vice President and Chief
 
2012
 
200,000

  
120,000

 
210,000

 
196,014

 

 

 

  
726,014

Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
 
2011
 
200,000

  

 

 

 
165,497

 

 

  
365,497

Brian W. Doyle
 
2013
 
294,231

(5)
11,954

(6
)
300,000

 
42

 
450,000

 

 
26,798

(7)
1,083,025

Senior Vice President
 
2012
 
275,000

  
206,250

 
577,500

 
537,971

 

 

 
11,767

(4)
1,608,488

and California Region President
 
2011
 
267,308

  

 

 

 
318,743

 

 

  
586,051

Richard S. Robinson
 
2013
 
219,230

(5)
3,260

(6
)
100,000

 
11

 
225,000

 

 
20,372

(7)
567,862

Senior Vice President
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finance and Acquisition
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
The amounts shown represent base salaries paid to each named executive officer during 2013. Effective as of March 11, 2013, the base salaries for Messrs. Severn, William H. Lyon, Zaist and Doyle were increased as described above in “-Compensation Discussion and Analysis-Elements of Compensation-Base Salary” and “-Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits.”
(2)
For 2013, represents the grant date fair value of performance-based restricted stock awards subject to the achievement of pre-established ROE targets for 2013. The grant date fair value of these awards is based on the fair market value of our Class A Common Stock on the date of grant, which was determined by the Company’s board of directors to be $14.03 (on a post-split basis and post-conversion basis), multiplied by the target number of shares granted. One-third of the earned shares vest on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to each officer’s continued service through each such vesting date. The fair value of these performance-based restricted stock awards assuming achievement of the ROE goals at the maximum level is as follows:


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Fair Value Performance-Based Stock Awards Assuming Maximum Performance ($)
General William Lyon
0
William H. Lyon
$900,000
Matthew R. Zaist
$750,000
Colin T. Severn
$187,500
Brian W. Doyle
$450,000
Richard S. Robinson
$150,000

(3)
In November 2013, the Compensation Committee extended the mandatory exercise periods of the five-year stock options granted in October 2012. Amounts in the table for 2013 reflect the incremental fair value resulting from this modification. For additional information see “-Compensation Discussion and Analysis-Elements of Compensation-Long-Term Equity-Based Compensation.”
(4)
The amounts shown for 2013 represent performance-based cash incentive payments pursuant to the Company’s 2013 incentive program. Payments of annual cash incentive awards were conditioned on the Company’s achievement of pre-established consolidated and regional level Adjusted EBITDA targets, as applicable. Based on the Company’s achievement of the Adjusted EBITDA targets at above the maximum level, each named executive officer received a cash incentive award equal to 150% of their target opportunity for 2013.
(5)
Effective March 11, 2013, the annual base salaries of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson were increased to $600,000 from $450,000, to $500,000 from $350,000, to $250,000 from $200,000, to $300,000 from $275,000, and to $225,000 from $200,000, respectively. The amounts shown reflect the amount of salary actually paid in 2013.
(6)
Reflects one-time cash awards intended to offset the impact of higher income tax rates retroactively imposed on such executives as a result of the passage of Prop 30. Additionally, the Company provided a gross-up payment to reimburse the executives for the additional taxable income resulting from these awards, which amounts are included in the All Other Compensation column and disclosed in footnote 7 below.
(7)
Reflects the following personal benefits and 401(k) Company matching contributions:
 
 
Automobile Allowance
Gasoline Reimbursement on Personal Vehicle
Exec-U-Care Health Care Reimbursement Program
Tax Gross up of Prop. 30 Bonus Payment
Company 401(k) Matching Contributions
General William Lyon
$4,800
$0
$23,102
$0
$0
William H. Lyon
$4,800
$1,063
$16,213
$0
$7,650
Matthew R. Zaist
$4,800
$2,985
$0
$23,289
$7,650
Colin T. Severn
$4,800
$3,831
$7,706
$2,518
$5,449
Brian W. Doyle
$4,800
$6,751
$400
$7,197
$7,650
Rick Robinson
$4,800
$2,640
$3,394
$1,888
$7,650


Grants of Plan-Based Awards
The following table sets forth summary information regarding all grants of plan-based awards made to our NEOs for the year ended December 31, 2013. In connection with our initial public offering in May 2013, we effected a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split with respect to each share of our Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock, and all of our previously outstanding shares of Class D Common Stock, including shares underlying outstanding equity awards, Class C Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock were converted into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the reverse stock split. We refer to such reverse stock split and share conversion herein as the Common Stock Recapitalization, and all share amounts and class references herein, including the table below, give effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization, and thus are on a post-split and post-conversion basis.
 

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Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards (1)
Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards (2)
All other option awards: Number of securities underlying options (#)
Exercise or base
price of option
awards ($/Sh)

Grant date fair
value of stock
and option
awards ($)
Name
Grant Date
Threshold
Target
Maximum
Threshold
Target
Maximum
General William Lyon







 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
William H. Lyon

300,000

600,000

900,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3/1/2013

 
 
 
21,391

42,781

64,172

 
 
$600,000(5)

Matthew R. Zaist

250,000

500,000

750,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3/1/2013

 
 
 
17,826

35,651

53,476

 
 
$500,000(5)

 
11/5/2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
59,317(3)
8.6625(4)
    $101(6)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Colin T. Severn

87,500

175,000

262,500

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3/1/2013

 
 
 
4,457

8,913

13,369

 
 
$125,000(5)

 
11/5/2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
8,893(3)
8.6625(4)
    $15(6)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brian W. Doyle

150,000

300,000

450,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3/1/2013

 
 
 
10,696

21,391

32,086

 
 
$300,000(5)

 
11/5/2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
24,454(3)
8.6625(4)
    $42(6)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Richard S. Robinson

75,000

150,000

225,000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3/1/2013

 
 
 
3,565

7,131

10,696

 
 
$100,000(5)

 
11/5/2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
6,670(3)
8.6625(4)
$11(6)

 
(1)
Represents threshold, target and maximum payouts under the 2013 annual cash incentive program. The NEOs were eligible to earn cash bonuses for 2013 based on the Company’s achievement of a pre-established consolidated EBITDA targets (in the case of Messrs. William H. Lyon, Zaist, Severn and Robinson) and a blend of consolidated EBITDA and regional EBITDA (in the case of Mr. Doyle), in each case with such adjustments as approved by the Compensation Committee, including positive and negative discretion, as applicable. Threshold amounts were set at 50% of each NEO’s target bonus opportunity and maximum amounts were set at 150% of each NEO’s target bonus opportunity. For a description of the 2013 annual incentive program, see “-Compensation Discussion and Analysis-Elements of Compensation-2013 Annual Bonuses.”

(2)
Represents threshold, target and maximum shares that could be earned under the 2013 LTIP based on the Company’s achievement of pre-established ROE performance targets for fiscal 2013. One-third of the earned shares vest on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to each officer’s continued service through each such vesting date.

(3)
Reflects the five-year options that were granted on October 1, 2012 and modified on November 5, 2013 to extend their mandatory exercise period. For additional information see “-Compensation Discussion and Analysis-Elements of Compensation-Long-Term Equity-Based Compensation.”

(4)
The Company’s board of directors determined the fair market value of the Class A Common Stock on the date of grant to be $8.6625 (giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization).

(5)
The value of the restricted stock awards shown represents the grant date fair value as prescribed under FASB ASC Topic 718, based on the fair market value of the Class A Common Stock on the date of grant, which was determined by the Company’s board of directors to be $14.025 (giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization) multiplied by the target number of shares granted.

(6)
Amounts represent the incremental fair value attributed to the extension of the exercise period of the options.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

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The following table sets forth summary information regarding the outstanding equity awards held by our NEOs, as applicable, at December 31, 2013. Amounts shown in the table below give effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization.

 
Option Awards
Stock Awards
Name
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
exercisable
(#)
Number of
securities
underlying
unexercised
options
unexercisable
(#)(1)
Option
exercise 
price
($)
Option
expiration
date
Number of shares or units of stock that have not vested
(#)(1)
Market value of
shares or units of
stock that have
not vested
($)(2)
Equity
Incentive Plan
Awards:
Number of
Unearned
Shares, Units
or Rights That
Have Not
Vested
(#)(1)
Equity Incentive
Plan Awards:
Market or Payout
Value of
Unearned Shares,
Units or Rights
That Have Not
Vested
($)(2)
William H. Lyon






64,172

1,420,768

Matthew R. Zaist
49,434

9,883

8.66

9/30/2017
14,351

317,731

53,476

1,183,959

 
141,425

28,272

8.66

9/30/2022




Colin T. Severn
7,411

1,482

8.66

9/30/2017
2,557

56,612

13,369

295,990

 
23,636

4,726

8.66

9/30/2022




Brian W. Doyle
20,379

4,075

8.66

9/30/2017
7,033

155,711

32,086

710,384

 
64,854

12,965

8.66

9/30/2022




Richard S. Robinson
5,558

1,112

8.66

9/30/2017
1,918

42,465

10,696

236,809

 
17,678

3,535

8.66

9/30/2022




(1)
The table below shows on a grant-by-grant basis the vesting schedules relating to the restricted stock and option awards that are represented in the above table.
(2)
Represents the closing stock price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on December 31, 2013, of $22.14 per share, multiplied by the number of shares, or unearned shares, as applicable, that have not vested. 
The following table provides the vesting schedule with respect to each of the awards set forth in the table above.

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Name
 
Grant Date 
 
Award Type 
 
Vesting Schedule
 
William H. Lyon
03/01/2013
Performance-Based Restricted Stock
In February 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that 64,172 shares were earned. 21,391 shares vest on each of 3/1/2014 and 3/1/2015 and 21,390 shares vest 3/1/2016
Matthew R. Zaist
10/01/2012
Restricted Stock
14,351 shares vest on 12/31/2014
 
03/01/2013
Performance-Based Restricted Stock
In February 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that 53,476 shares were earned. 17,826 shares vest on 3/1/2014 and 17,825 shares vest on each of 3/1/2015 and 3/1/2016
 
10/01/2012
5-year Options
9,883 options vest on 12/31/2014
 
10/01/2012
10-year Options
28,272 options vest on 12/31/2014
Colin T. Severn
10/01/2012
Restricted Stock
2,557 shares vest on 12/31/2014
 
03/01/2013
Performance-Based Restricted Stock
In February 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that 13,369 shares were earned. 4,457 shares vest on 3/1/2014 and 4,456 shares vest on each of 3/1/2015 and 3/1/2016
 
10/01/2012
5-year Options
1,482 options vest on 12/31/2014
 
10/01/2012
10-year Options
4,726 options vest on 12/31/2014
Brian W. Doyle
10/01/2012
Restricted Stock
7,036 shares vest on 12/31/14
 
03/01/2013
Performance-Based Restricted Stock
In February 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that 32,086 shares were earned. 10,696 shares vest on 03/01/2014 and 10,695 shares vest on each of 03/01/2015 and 03/01/2016
 
10/01/2012
5-year Options
4,075 options vest on 12/31/2014
 
10/01/2012
10-year Options
12,965 options vest on 12/31/2014
Richard S. Robinson
10/01/2012
Restricted Stock
1,918 shares vest on 12/31/2014
 
03/01/2013
Performance-Based Restricted Stock
In February 2014, the Compensation Committee determined that 10,696 shares were earned. 3,566 shares vest on 3/1/2014 and 3,565 shares vest on each of 3/1/2015 and 3/1/2016
 
10/01/2012
5-year Options
1,112 options vest on 12/31/2014
 
10/01/2012
10-year Options
3,535 options vest on 12/31/2014

Options Exercised and Stock Vested
The following table summarizes the option exercises and vesting of restricted stock awards for our NEOs, as applicable, for the year ended December 31, 2013. The vesting of stock awards does not indicate the sale of stock by an NEO.

 
 
 
Option Awards
 
Stock Awards
Name
 
Number of
securities
acquired
on
exercise
(#)
 
Value realized
on exercise ($)
 
Number of shares
acquired on
vesting
(#)
 
Value realized on
vesting ($)(1)
Matthew R. Zaist
 

 

 
14,359 (2)

 
317,908

Colin T. Severn
 
 
 
 
 
2,559

 
56,656

Brian W. Doyle
 
 
 
 
 
7,037

 
155,799

Richard S. Robinson
 

 

 
1,919

 
42,487

 
(1)
Represents the closing stock price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on December 31, 2013, of $22.14 per share, multiplied by the number of shares that vested on such date.

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(2)    Represents securities held by a limited liability company of which the reporting person and his spouse are the managers, and in which the reporting person’s trust holds a controlling interest

Pension Benefits
The NEOs did not participate in or have account balances in qualified or nonqualified defined benefit plans sponsored by the Company during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.
Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
The NEOs did not participate in or have account balances in nonqualified defined contribution plans or other nonqualified deferred compensation plans maintained by the Company during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.
Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control
The following table summarizes the potential payments to our NEOs upon a “qualifying termination” of employment (a termination by us without cause or the executive’s resignation for good reason) or upon the executive’s termination of employment as a result of death or disability. As described above in “-Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits,” a resignation by the executive in connection with a “change of control” would be deemed a resignation for good reason. In the event an NEO is terminated for cause, by the NEO for any reason other than good reason, or, in the case of Messrs. Severn, Zaist and Doyle, due to death or disability, such NEO is not entitled to any severance payments or benefits. The amounts shown assume that such termination was effective as of December 31, 2013, the last business day of fiscal year 2013, and are only estimates of the amounts that would be paid to such NEOs. The actual amounts to be paid can be determined only at the time of such termination of employment.

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Name, Type of Termination
 
Cash
Severance
($)(1) 
 
Unpaid
Bonuses
($)(2) 
 
Equity
Acceleration
($)(3) 
 
Benefits
Continuation
($)(4) 
 
Total
($) 
 
General William Lyon
 
 
 
 
 
Qualifying Termination (no CIC)
  2,000,000
125,000
-  
17,793
2,142,793
Qualifying Termination + CIC
2,000,000
125,000
-  
17,793
2,142,793
Death or Disability
1,000,000
125,000
-  
17,793
1,032,793
 
 
 
 
 
 
William H. Lyon
 
 
 
 
 
Qualifying Termination (no CIC)
1,500,000
62,500
947,171
25,717
2,535,388
Qualifying Termination + CIC
1,500,000
62,500
947,171
25,717
2,535,388
Death or Disability
600,000
62,500 
-  
25,717
688,217
 
 
 
 
 
 
Matthew R. Zaist
 
 
 
 
 
Qualifying Termination (no CIC)
1,500,000
109,375
2,015,924
17,793
3,643,092
Qualifying Termination + CIC
1,500,000
109,375
2,015,924
17,793
3,643,092
Death or Disability
109,375 
-  
-  
109,375
 
 
 
 
 
 
Colin T. Severn
 
 
 
 
 
Qualifying Termination (no CIC)
425,000
30,000
-  
12,858
467,858
Qualifying Termination + CIC
425,000
30,000 
436,270
12,858
904,128
Death or Disability
30,000 
-  
-  
30,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brian W. Doyle
 
 
 
 
 
Qualifying Termination (no CIC)
600,000
51,563
-  
12,858
664,421
Qualifying Termination + CIC
600,000
51,563
1,185,752
12,858
1,850,173
Death or Disability
51,563 
-  
-  
51,563 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Richard S. Robinson
 
 
 
 
 
Qualifying Termination (no CIC)
375,000
25,000
-  
4,270
404,270
Qualifying Termination + CIC
375,000
25,000
341,904
4,270
746,174
Death or Disability
25,000  
-  
-  
25,000
(1)
In the event of a “qualifying termination” of employment, represents an amount equal to: for each of General Lyon and Mr. Lyon, his base salary for eighteen months, plus the bonus earned in 2013; for Mr. Zaist, 1.5 times the sum of his annual salary plus target cash bonus for 2013; for each of Messrs. Severn, Doyle and Robinson, the sum of his annual salary plus target cash bonus for 2013. (Under the employment agreements for General Lyon and Mr. Lyon, severance amounts are calculated based on actual cash bonuses earned, while under the employment agreements for Messrs. Zaist, Severn, Doyle and Robinson, severance amounts are calculated based on target cash bonus.) In the event of a termination of General Lyon’s or Mr. Lyon’s employment due to death or disability, represents an amount equal to his base salary for twelve months, through the remainder of his scheduled term of employment.
(2)
Represents bonus amounts earned by the NEO that had not been paid prior to the date of termination.
(3)
Represents the intrinsic value of the accelerated vesting of all unvested stock options and restricted stock awards, based on the closing stock price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on December 31, 2013, of $22.14 per share. Upon a termination of Mr. William H. Lyon’s employment by the Company without cause or by him for good reason, whether or not following a change of control of the Company, he is entitled to accelerated vesting in full of all outstanding shares of restricted stock, with such shares to be the target number of shares if such termination occurs prior to the Compensation Committee’s determination of the Company’s achievement of its performance target for the period. Upon a termination of Mr. Zaist’s or Mr. Robinson’s employment by the Company without cause or by him for good reason, whether or not following a change in control of the Company, he is entitled to accelerated vesting in full of all outstanding restricted stock and stock option awards granted. Upon a termination of Mr. Severn’s or Mr. Doyle’s employment by the Company without cause or by him for good reason, in either case on or

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within twelve months following a change in control of the Company (and the executive’s respective equity awards are not assumed by the successor corporation), he is entitled to accelerated vesting in full of all stock options and restricted stock awards granted.
(4)
Represents the value of the continuation of health benefits for the following number of months: twelve months for Messrs. Lyon, Lyon and Zaist, and six months for Messrs. Severn, Doyle and Robinson.

Director Compensation
Director Compensation Program. Our Executive Chairman and our Chief Executive Officer do not receive additional compensation for their service as directors. The Compensation Committee is responsible for the periodic review of fees and benefits paid to non-employee directors and for submitting any recommended changes to the board of directors. Our non-employee directors receive an annual cash retainer, payable in equal quarterly installments, as well as an equity award retainer, consisting of restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock vesting in equal quarterly installments following the grant date. The equity portion of the annual retainer for Messrs. Barr and Redleaf is paid in cash. The amount of the annual cash retainer for 2013 was $50,000 per year, and the amount of the annual cash retainer approved for 2014 is $50,000 per year. The grant date fair value of the annual equity retainer for 2013 was $75,000, and the grant date fair value of the annual equity retainer approved for 2014 is $90,000. Mr. Hunt, as the lead independent director, receives an additional annual cash retainer and annual equity award retainer, on the same payment and vesting schedule as the other retainers. In 2013, the amount of this additional cash and equity retainer were $50,000 and $25,000, respectively, and the amounts of such additional cash and equity retainers approved for 2014 are $50,000 and $25,000, respectively. For 2013, our non-employee directors also received a $1,500 fee for each board and committee meeting attended in person and $1,000 for each meeting attended via teleconference. In 2014, upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the board eliminated the per meeting fees as an element of non-employee director compensation. In addition, for 2013, the chairperson of the Audit Committee receives a fee of $20,000 per year, payable $5,000 per calendar quarter, to serve in such capacity, the chairperson of the Compensation Committee receives a fee of $15,000 per year, payable $3,750 per calendar quarter, to serve in such capacity, the chairperson of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee receives a fee of $10,000 per year, payable $2,500 per calendar quarter, to serve in such capacity, and other members of such committees receive a fee of $5,000 per year, payable $1,250 per calendar quarter, per committee for service on such committees, and such amounts remain unchanged as approved for 2014. Members of the Corporate Finance Committee receive an annual equity award retainer, consisting of restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock vesting in equal quarterly installments following the grant date. The grant date fair value of the annual equity award to members of the Corporate Finance Committee was $25,000 for 2013, and for 2014 was reduced to $15,000.
For 2013, the board of directors permitted each non-employee director, other than Messrs. Barr and Redleaf, to elect to receive his or her annual cash retainer in the form of restricted stock pursuant to each director’s election. Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell each elected to receive their entire annual retainer, including the cash portion, in restricted shares. Messrs. Barr and Redleaf received their entire 2013 annual retainer in cash. For 2014, the board of directors permitted each non-employee director, other than Messrs. Barr and Redleaf, to elect to receive his or her annual cash fees, including the annual retainer and fees for committee service, in the form of restricted stock pursuant to each director’s election, so long as the election was for all of such cash fees. Messrs. Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell each elected to receive their entire cash fees in restricted shares, and Mr. Hunt elected to receive his cash fees in cash. In connection with the compensation programs and elections described above, on March 1, 2013, the Company granted 8,913 restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock to each of Messrs. Hunt, Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell, which represents for each director a $75,000 value with respect to the equity award retainer and $50,000 value for the annual cash retainer. On the same date, the Company granted Mr. Hunt, the lead independent director, an additional 5,348 shares, which represents the value of his additional $50,000 cash retainer and $25,000 in equity compensation as lead independent director. Each of the restricted stock awards granted to the non-employee directors vested on a quarterly basis and vested in full on March 1, 2014. Each member of the Corporate Finance Committee was granted a restricted stock award on April 4, 2013, with a $25,000 value, which vested on a quarterly basis and vested in full on March 1, 2014.
For 2014, and in connection with the compensation programs and elections described above, the Company granted the following restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock to each of our non-employee directors, other than Messrs. Barr and Redleaf: 6,383 shares to Mr. Ammerman, 6,211 shares to Mr. Niemann, 3,968 shares to Mr. Hunt, and 5,866 shares to Ms. Carlson Schell, which represents the entire annual fee amount for all board and committee service for Messrs. Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell and the annual equity retainers for board and lead independent director service for Mr. Hunt, and in each case vesting in equal quarterly installments and to vest in full on March 1, 2015.
Director Stock Ownership Guidelines. The board of directors has adopted stock ownership guidelines for our non-employee directors, requiring such directors to hold stock with a value equal to two times the director’s annual retainer value

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(both cash and equity award retainers). Under the terms of the Company’s stock ownership guidelines, directors must hold 100% of all shares received from the vesting, delivery or exercise of equity awards granted under the Company’s equity award plans (net of shares used to pay the exercise price of options or purchase price of other awards, all applicable withholding taxes and all applicable transaction costs) until the directors’ qualifying holdings meet or exceed the applicable retainer multiple. In addition, absent a waiver by the Company or undue hardship, directors may not dispose of share holdings (by sale or otherwise) if the disposition would result in qualifying holdings falling below the applicable retainer multiple. “Qualifying holdings” generally refer to shares of Class A Common Stock (i) held by the director or certain trusts or entities controlled by the director, (ii) held by a 401(k) or other qualified pension or profit-sharing plan for the director’s benefit and (iii) underlying vested restricted stock units. Each of our non-employee directors is in compliance with the Company’s stock ownership guidelines.
2013 Director Compensation. The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of the directors during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.
 
Name
Fees Earned
or Paid
in Cash
($)
 
Stock
Awards
($)(1)(2)
 
Option
Awards
($)
 
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
 
Change in
Pension Value
and Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
 
All Other
Compensation
($)(1)
 
Total
($)
Douglas K. Ammerman
67,500

 
150,000

 

 

 

 

 
217,500

Michael Barr(3)
113,000

 

 

 

 

 

 
113,000

Gary H. Hunt
68,500

 
200,000

 

 

 

 

 
268,500

Matthew R. Niemann
61,500

 
150,000

 

 

 

 

 
211,500

Nathaniel Redleaf(4)
121,500

 

 

 

 

 

 
121,500

Lynn Carlson Schell
51,500

 
150,000

 

 

 

 

 
201,500

 
(1)
Represents: (i) a grant of restricted stock with a value of $125,000 per award for Messrs. Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell, and with an award value of $200,000 for Mr. Hunt, representing the aggregate amount of the annual cash retainer and equity retainer for such individuals in accordance with the election described above, and including additional retainer amounts for Mr. Hunt for his service as lead independent director; and (ii) with respect to Messrs. Ammerman and Niemann and Ms. Carlson Schell, a grant of restricted stock related to their service on the Corporate Finance Committee, with a value of $25,000 per award for each such non-employee director. The number of shares underlying each such award was determined using the fair market value per share of Class A Common Stock as of the date of grant, which date was March 1, 2013 for the grants referenced in clause (i) of this footnote, and which date was April 4, 2013 for the grants referenced in clause (ii) of this footnote, in each case of $14.025 as determined by the board of directors and giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization. Each of the restricted stock awards granted to our non-employee directors in 2013 vest in equal quarterly installments on each of June 1, September 1 and December 1, 2013 and March 1, 2014, in each case subject to the individual non-employee director’s continued service on the board through such date.
(2)
None of the non-employee directors held any vested or unvested stock options as of the end of our 2013 fiscal year. The number of shares of unvested restricted stock held by each of our non-employee directors, as applicable, as of the end of our 2013 fiscal year is as follows: Mr. Ammerman - 2,674 shares; Mr. Hunt - 3,566 shares; Mr. Niemann - 2,674 shares; Ms. Carlson Schell - 2,674 shares.
(3)
Mr. Barr’s fees are paid to a fund affiliated with Paulson.
(4)
Mr. Redleaf’s fees are paid to a fund affiliated with Luxor.
Compensation Risk Assessment
In 2014, at the request of the Compensation Committee, Mercer conducted an evaluation of the Company’s compensation program risk profile in collaboration with Company management, including an assessment of all Company compensation plans, with a particular focus on plans in which senior executives participate, using Mercer’s qualitative evaluation criteria based on best practices for compensation design and risk management. The Compensation Committee and management reviewed and agreed with Mercer’s conclusion that the Company’s compensation policies and practices do not present risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company.




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Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The following table sets forth the number of shares of our capital stock beneficially owned as of March 17, 2014, by (i) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our outstanding voting securities, (ii) each of our directors, (iii) each of our named executive officers for the year ended December 31, 2013, and (iv) all of our directors and executive officers as of March 17, 2014, as a group. Unless otherwise indicated in the table, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to the shares set forth opposite the stockholder’s name, subject to community property laws, where applicable. Unless otherwise noted below, the address of each stockholder below is c/o William Lyon Homes, 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660.
 
 
 
 
 
CLASS A
COMMON
STOCK(1)
 
CLASS B
COMMON
STOCK(1)
 
PERCENT
OF TOTAL
VOTING
POWER(2)(3)
NAME
 
TITLE
 
Number
 
Percent
of Class(2)
 
Number
 
 
Percent
of Class
 
Named Executive Officers and Directors:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General William Lyon
 
Chairman of
the Board &
Executive
Chairman
 
16,165(4)

 
*

 

 
 

 
*

William H. Lyon
 
Director,
Chief Executive
Officer
 
115,378(5)

 
*

 
5,721,434(6)

 
 
100
%
 
50.8
%
Matthew R. Zaist
 
President &
Chief Operating
Officer
 
362,365(7)

 
1.2
%
 

  
 

 
*

Colin T. Severn
 
Vice President &
Chief Financial
Officer
 
73,822(8)

 
*

 

  
 

 
*

Brian W. Doyle
 
Senior Vice President
& California Region
President
 
170,814(9)

 
*

 

 
 

 
*

Richard S. Robinson
 
Senior Vice President
Finance and Acquisition
 
50,653(10)

 
*

 

  
 

 
*

Douglas K. Ammerman
 
Director
 
23,988(11)

 
*

 

  
 

 
*

Michael Barr
 
Director
 

 

 

  
 

 

Gary H. Hunt
 
Director
 
25,592(12)

 
*

 

  
 

 
*

Matthew R. Niemann
 
Director
 
23,816(13)

 
*

 

  
 

 
*

Nathaniel Redleaf
 
Director
 

 

 

  
 

 

Lynn Carlson Schell
 
Director
 
23,471(14)

 
*

 

  
 

 
*

All directors and executive officers as a group (11 individuals)
 
 
 
692,210(15)

 
2.5
%
 
5,721,434

 
 
100
%
 
1.5
%
5% Stockholders (not listed above):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Luxor Capital Group LP(16)
 
 
 
8,594,788

 
30.7
%
 

  
 

 
18.3
%
Paulson & Co. Inc.(17)
 
 
 
3,322,666

 
11.9
%
 

 
 

 
7.1
%
Goldman Sachs Asset Management(18)
 
 
 
1,397,449

 
5.0
%
 

 
 

 
3.0
%
*
Denotes less than 1.0% of beneficial ownership.
(1)
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules, and includes any shares as to which the stockholder has sole or shared voting power or investment power, and also any shares which the stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days of March 17, 2014, whether through the exercise or conversion of any stock option, convertible security, warrant or other right. The indication herein that shares are beneficially owned is not an admission on the part of the stockholder that he, she or it is a direct or indirect beneficial owner of those shares.
(2)
Based on (i) 27,952,228 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding as of March 17, 2014, including an aggregate of 603,834 unvested shares of restricted stock, (ii) 3,813,884 of Class B Common Stock outstanding as of March 17, 2014, and (c) 1,907,550 shares of Class B Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of a warrant held by Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, or Lyon LLC, or the Class B Warrant. The Class B Warrant is exercisable at any time prior to February 24, 2022. Shares of common stock which the stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days of March 17, 2014 are deemed to be outstanding and

95


beneficially owned by the person holding such rights for the purpose of computing the percentage of ownership of such person but are not treated as outstanding for the purposes of computing the percentage of any other person.
(3)
Each share of Class A Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share. Each share of Class B Common Stock is entitled to five votes per share.
(4)
Includes 16,165 shares of unvested restricted stock.
(5)
Includes (i) 100,976 shares of unvested restricted stock, (ii) 11,469 shares of Class A Common Stock held by William H. Lyon, and (iii) 2,933 shares of Class A Common Stock held by The William Harwell Lyon Separate Property Trust established July 28, 2000. William H. Lyon (our Chief Executive Officer and Director) is Trustee of the trust and holds voting and dispositive power over these shares. William H. Lyon disclaims beneficial ownership over these shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. The address of The William Harwell Lyon Separate Property Trust is c/o William H. Lyon, PO Box 8858, Newport Beach, CA 92658-8858.
(6)
Represents (i) 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock held by Lyon LLC and (ii) the Class B Warrant held by Lyon LLC. The Class B Common Stock is convertible into Class A Common Stock at any time at the election of the holder, as well as under certain other circumstances as described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Class B Warrant is immediately exercisable and expires on February 24, 2022. The members of Lyon LLC are the LYON SHAREHOLDER 2012 IRREVOCABLE TRUST NO. 1 established December 24, 2012, the LYON SHAREHOLDER 2012 IRREVOCABLE TRUST NO. 2 established December 24, 2012 and the WILLIAM HARWELL LYON SEPARATE PROPERTY TRUST established July 28, 2000, the Trustee of each of which is William H. Lyon (our Chief Executive Officer and Director). The manager of Lyon LLC is William H. Lyon. William H. Lyon may be deemed to have voting and investment power of the securities held by Lyon LLC. William H. Lyon disclaims beneficial ownership of such securities, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. The address of Lyon LLC is 4695 MacArthur Court, 8th Floor, Newport Beach, California 92660. Pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, Lyon LLC has agreed to vote its shares in favor of a certain number of director nominees supported by Luxor and Paulson.
(7)
Includes, in part, (i) 108,916 shares of unvested restricted stock and (ii) 141,425 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of March 17, 2014. Of the shares included in this table, (i) 81,914 shares of Class A Common Stock, (ii) 50,001 shares of unvested restricted stock, and (iii) 139,769 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of March 17, 2014 are held by a limited liability company of which Mr. Zaist and his spouse are the managers, and in which Mr. Zaist's trust holds a controlling interest.
(8)
Includes, in part, (i) 20,933 shares of unvested restricted stock and (ii) 23,638 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of March 17, 2014.
(9)
Includes, in part, (i) 51,054 shares of unvested restricted stock and (ii) 64,854 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of March 17, 2014.
(10)
Includes, in part, (i) 17,130 shares of unvested restricted stock and (ii) 17,678 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of March 17, 2014.
(11)
Includes, in part, 6,383 shares of unvested restricted stock.
(12)
Includes, in part, (i) 14,261 shares of Class A Common Stock and (ii) 3,968 shares of unvested restricted stock, in each case held by a solo defined benefit plan of which Mr. Hunt is the sole beneficiary.
(13)
Includes, in part, 6,211 shares of unvested restricted stock.
(14)
Includes, in part, 5,866 shares of unvested restricted stock.
(15)
Includes, in part, (i) 294,146 shares of unvested restricted stock and (ii) 182,741 shares of Class A Common Stock subject to options exercisable within 60 days of March 17, 2014.
(16)
Luxor Capital Group LP, which we refer to herein as "Luxor," acts as the investment manager of private investment funds that own the shares, collectively referred to as the “Luxor Investors.” Luxor Management, LLC is the general partner of Luxor. Christian Leone is the managing member of Luxor Management, LLC. Luxor, Luxor Management, LLC and Christian Leone are deemed to have shared voting and dispositive power over the securities held by each of the Luxor Investors. The address of Luxor is 1114 Avenue of the Americas, 29th Floor, New York City, New York 10036. Pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Luxor Investors have agreed to vote their shares in favor of a certain number of director nominees supported by Lyon LLC and Paulson.
(17)
Paulson & Co. Inc., which we refer to herein as "Paulson," is an investment advisor registered under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 that furnishes investment advice to and manages various onshore and offshore investment funds and separately managed accounts, or, collectively, the “Funds”. The shares included in this table are held by WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or Acquisition LLC, and Acquisition LLC is one of the funds. In its role as investment advisor and manager of the Funds, Paulson possesses voting and/or investment power over the ordinary shares owned by the Funds. As the President and sole Director of Paulson & Co. Inc., John Paulson may be deemed to have voting and/or investment power over such shares. The address for the Funds is c/o Paulson & Co. Inc., 1251 Avenue of the Americas, NY, NY 10020. Pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement described elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, Acquisition LLC has agreed to vote its shares in favor of a certain number of director nominees supported by Lyon LLC and Luxor.
(18)
Based on a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on February 13, 2014, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. and GS Investment Strategies, LLC, or collectively, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, have shared voting power over 1,340,368 shares and shared dispositive power over 1,397,449 shares of our Class A Common Stock. The address of Goldman Sachs Asset Management is 200 West Street, New York, NY 10282.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table summarizes information about our equity securities that may be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under all our equity compensation plans, as of December 31, 2013. The non-compensatory warrant to purchase 1,907,550 shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock issued in connection with the Plan is not included in the table below. For a description of the non-compensatory warrant, please see “Certain Relationships and Transactions-Amendment to Warrant.” All of the information in the table below gives effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization described elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
 

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Plan Category
 
Number of
Securities
to be Issued
Upon
Exercise of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants and
Rights
(a)
 
 
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants
and Rights
(b)
 
 
Number of
Securities
Remaining
Available
for Future
Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation
Plans
(Excluding
Securities
Reflected
in Column
(a))
(c)
 
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
 
576,651

 
(1)
 
$
8.6625

(2)
 
2,390,366

(3)
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
 

 
  
 
$

  
 

  
Total
 
576,651

 
  
 
$
8.6625

  
 
2,390,366

  
 
(1)
Represents outstanding options to purchase shares of Class A common stock of the Company.
(2)
Represents the exercise price of each of the 576,651 outstanding options to purchase shares of Class A common stock of the Company.
(3)
Represents the number of securities remaining available for issuance under the 2012 Plan.


Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Policies and Procedures for Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons
Our board of directors has adopted a written statement of policy for the evaluation of and the approval, disapproval and monitoring of transactions involving us and a “related party.” For purposes of this policy, a “related party” includes our executive officers, directors and director nominees or their immediate family members, or stockholders owning five percent or more of our voting securities.
Our related party transactions policy requires:
that any transaction in which a related party has a material direct or indirect interest and which exceeds $120,000, such transaction referred to as a “related party transaction,” and any material amendment or modification to a related person transaction, be evaluated and approved or ratified by our audit committee or by the disinterested members of the Audit Committee; and
that any employment relationship or transaction involving an executive officer and any related compensation solely resulting from that employment relationship or transaction must be approved by the Compensation Committee of our board of directors or recommended by the Compensation Committee to the board of directors for its approval.
In connection with the review and approval or ratification of a related party transaction:
management must disclose to the Audit Committee or the disinterested members of the Audit Committee, as applicable, the material terms of the related party transaction, including the approximate dollar value of the amount involved in the transaction, and all the material facts as to the related person’s direct or indirect interest in, or relationship to, the related person transaction;
management must advise the Audit Committee or the disinterested members of the Audit Committee, as applicable, as to whether the related party transaction will be required to be disclosed in our SEC filings. To the extent it is required to be disclosed, management must ensure that the related party transaction is disclosed in accordance with SEC rules; and
management must advise the Audit Committee or the disinterested members of the Audit Committee, as applicable, as to whether the related party transaction constitutes a “personal loan” for purposes of Section 402 of Sarbanes-Oxley.
Employment Agreements
We have entered into employment agreements with certain of our executive officers. For more information regarding these agreements, see “Executive Compensation-Employment Agreements and Severance Benefits.”

97


Indemnification Agreements and Liability Insurance Policy
We have entered into indemnification agreements with certain of our executive officers and each of our directors pursuant to which the Company has agreed to indemnify such executive officers and directors against liability incurred by them by reason of their services as an executive officer or director to the fullest extent allowable under applicable law. We also provide liability insurance for each director and officer for certain losses arising from claims or charges made against them while acting in their capacities as our directors or officers.
 
Certain Relationships and Transactions
We describe below transactions and series of similar transactions that have occurred this year to which we were a party or will be a party in which:
the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000; and
a director, executive officer, holder of more than 5% of our voting securities or any member of their immediate family had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
The following persons and entities that participated in the transactions listed in this section were related persons at or immediately following the time of the transaction.
General William Lyon. General Lyon is our Executive Chairman and Chairman of our board of directors.
William H. Lyon. Mr. Lyon is our Chief Executive Officer and a member of our board of directors. Through his management of Lyon Shareholder 2012, LLC, Mr. Lyon holds 100% of our Class B Common Stock.
Luxor Capital Group, LP. Entities affiliated with Luxor hold over 5% of our outstanding Class A Common Stock, after giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization described elsewhere in this prospectus.
Paulson & Co. Inc. WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and entity affiliated with, and managed by affiliates of, Paulson, holds over 5% of our outstanding Class A Common Stock, after giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization described elsewhere in this prospectus. Michael Barr currently serves as Portfolio Manager for the Paulson Real Estate Funds, which are affiliates of Paulson, and serves as a member of our board of directors.
 
Note Receivable from Sale of Aircraft
Presley CMR, Inc., a California corporation, or Presley CMR, and wholly owned subsidiary of California Lyon, entered into an Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement, or PSA, with an affiliate of General William Lyon to sell the aircraft, owned by the Company. The PSA provides for an aggregate purchase price for the aircraft of $8.3 million (which value was the appraised fair market value of the aircraft), which consists of: (i) cash in the amount of $2.1 million which was paid at closing and (ii) a promissory note from the affiliate in the amount of $6.2 million, which is included in receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The closing of this sale occurred on September 9, 2009. The note is secured by the aircraft. As part of the Company’s fresh start accounting, the note was adjusted to its fair value of $5.2 million. The discount on the fresh start adjustment is amortized over the remaining life of the note. The note requires semiannual interest payments to California Lyon of approximately $132,000. The note is due in September 2016.
Amendment to Warrant
In connection with the Plan, the Company issued a warrant, or the Class B Warrant, to an entity controlled by William H. Lyon, one of the Company’s directors and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Pursuant to the Class B Warrant, the entity controlled by Mr. Lyon may purchase up to 1,907,550 shares of our Class B Common Stock at $17.08 per share (after giving effect to the Common Stock Recapitalization). The original term of the Class B Warrant was five years, and it would expire on February 24, 2017. In connection with the adoption of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Class B Warrant has been amended to extend the term to 10 years, and the Class B Warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022.
Land Acquisition Transaction
In October 2013, California Lyon acquired certain finished and unfinished lots at a master planned community located in Aurora, Colorado, for a cash purchase price of approximately $20.0 million, from an entity managed by an affiliate of Paulson. WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, which is affiliated with, and managed by affiliates of, Paulson, holds over 5% of our outstanding Class A Common Stock. California Lyon participated in a competitive bidding process for the lots and we believe that the acquisition was on terms no less favorable than it would have agreed to with unrelated parties. The transaction was

98


approved by the audit committee of our board of directors and by our full board of directors, with the exception of Mr. Barr, who recused himself from the vote because of his affiliation with Paulson. Mr. Barr currently serves as Portfolio Manager for the Paulson Real Estate Funds, which are affiliates of Paulson, where he is responsible for all aspects of the real estate private equity business. Mr. Barr is also a partner in Paulson, which he joined in 2008.
Certain Family Relationships
William H. Lyon, one of the Company’s directors and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is the son of General William Lyon. General William Lyon is the Company’s Chairman of the board of directors and the Executive Chairman. William H. Lyon’s compensation is disclosed in the section entitled “Executive Compensation-Summary Compensation Table” above.
Director Independence
Under the listing requirements and rules of The New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors. In addition, NYSE rules require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent. Audit committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and compensation committee members must satisfy heightened independence criteria set forth in NYSE rules. Under NYSE rules, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if the company’s board of directors affirmatively determines that the director has no material relationship with the company, either directly or indirectly, that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Our board of directors has undertaken a review of its composition, the composition of its committees and the independence of each director. Based upon information requested from and provided by each of our directors concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships with us, our senior management and our independent registered public accounting firm, our board of directors has determined that all but three of our directors, General Lyon, William H. Lyon and Michael Barr, are independent directors under the standards established by the SEC and the NYSE. In making this determination, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with us and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the following:
As described above, Mr. Niemann is a Managing Director and shareholder of Houlihan Lokey, or Houlihan. As previously disclosed, Houlihan provided certain professional or advisory services to us in 2011 and 2012. Such services were one-time in nature, and the payments received for such services did not exceed the greater of $1 million or 2% of Houlihan’s consolidated gross revenues for such years. Houlihan does not currently provide any professional or advisory services to us, and did not provide any professional or advisory services to us in 2013 other than participating as a non-lead bank in the underwriting syndicate of our initial public offering in May 2013. The aggregate amount of the underwriting proceeds received by Houlihan in connection with the offering did not exceed the greater of $1 million or 2% of Houlihan’s consolidated gross revenues for 2013. Further, Mr. Niemann did not have a direct or indirect interest in the transaction. Accordingly, the board of directors determined that Mr. Niemann does not have a material relationship with us and that Mr. Niemann is an independent director under the standards established by the SEC and the NYSE.
Mr. Ammerman currently serves on the audit committee of more than three publicly traded companies, including William Lyon Homes (NYSE), Fidelity National Financial (NYSE), Remy International, Inc. (NASDAQ Stock Market) and Stantec Inc. (NYSE). The board of directors has determined that Mr. Ammerman’s simultaneous service on the audit committees of more than three public companies does not impair his ability to serve effectively as a member of our Audit Committee.








 

99


Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The fees for professional services provided by KPMG, LLP, or KPMG, in fiscal years 2013 and 2012 were:
 
Type of Fees
 
2013
 
2012
Audit Fees
 
$
1,133,975

(1)
$
798,000

Audit Related Fees
 

 

Tax Fees
 

 

All Other Fees
 

 

Total Fees
 
$
1,133,975

 
$
798,000

(1) Includes $76,075 for services actually performed in 2012, but billed in 2013.
In the above table, in accordance with the definitions of the SEC, “Audit Fees” include fees for the audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K, review of the unaudited financial statements included in its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, comfort letters, consents, assistance with documents filed with the SEC, and accounting and reporting consultation in connection with the audit and/or quarterly reviews.
Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures: The Audit Committee has adopted a policy that requires advance approval of all audit, audit-related, tax services, and other services performed by the independent registered public accounting firm. The policy provides for pre-approval by the Audit Committee of specifically defined audit and non-audit services. Unless the specific service has been previously pre-approved with respect to that year, the Audit Committee must approve the permitted service before the independent auditors are engaged to perform it.
The Audit Committee considered the compatibility of the provision of other services by its registered public accountant with the maintenance of their independence. The Audit Committee approved all audit and non-audit services provided by KPMG in 2013 and 2012.

100


PART IV
 
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)(1) Financial Statements
The following financial statements of the Company are included in a separate section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K commencing on the page numbers specified below:
 
 
Page
Financial Statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and for the year ended December 31, 2011
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit)
F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-9
(2) Financial Statement Schedules:
Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted because they are either not required or not applicable, or because the information required to be presented is included in the financial statements or the notes thereto included in this Annual Report.
(3) Listing of Exhibits:
EXHIBIT INDEX
 


Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
3.1

 
Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
3.2

 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
4.1

 
Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., William Lyon Homes, and certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries (as guarantors) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2012).
 
 
 
4.2

 
Indenture (including form of 8.5% Senior Note due 2020), dated as of November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., William Lyon Homes, certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries (as guarantors) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2012).
 
 
 
4.3

 
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2013, among William Lyon Homes, Inc., NVH Development, LLC, NVH Parent, LLC, NVH INV, LLC, NVH WIP LLLP and NVHDEV-GP, Inc., and U.S. Bank National Bank Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2013).
 
 
 

101


Exhibit
Number
 
Description
4.4

 
Officers' certificate, dated October 24, 2013, delivered pursuant to the Indenture, and setting forth the terms of the notes (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2013).
 
 
 
10.1

 
Form of Indemnity Agreement, between William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, and the directors and officers of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
 
 
 
10.2

 
Property Management Agreement between Corporate Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation (Owner) and William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (Manager) dated and effective November 5, 1999 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
 
 
 
10.3

 
Warranty Service Agreement between Corporate Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation and William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation dated and effective November 5, 1999 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
 
 
 
10.4

 
Standard Industrial/Commercial Single-Tenant Lease-Net between William Lyon Homes, Inc. and a trust of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2000).
 
 
 
10.5

 
The Presley Companies Non-Qualified Retirement Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2002).
 
 
 
10.6

 
Sixth Extension and Modification Agreement dated December 30, 2011, by and between Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Registration Statement filed August 10, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).
 
 
 
10.7

 
Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of September 3, 2009, by and between Presley CMR, Inc., and Martin Aviation, Inc., or its designee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
 
 
 
10.8

 
Secured Promissory Note dated September 9, 2009 from Martin Aviation, Inc., a California corporation payable to William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
 
 
 
10.9

 
Aircraft Mortgage and Security Agreement between Martin Aviation, Inc., a California corporation and William Lyon Homes, Inc., dated as of September 9, 2009 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
 
 
 
10.10†

 
Project Completion Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 20, 2010).
 
 
 
10.11

 
Form of Second Lien Notes Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, Inc. and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.12

 
Form of Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 

102


Exhibit
Number
 
Description
10.13

 
Class B Common Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes and the Purchaser (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.14

 
Warrant to Purchase Shares of Class B Common Stock of William Lyon Homes, dated as of February 25, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.15

 
Class B Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.16

 
Form of Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders party thereto (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.17†

 
Employment Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, William Lyon Homes, Inc. and General William Lyon (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.18†

 
Employment Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, William Lyon Homes, Inc. and William H. Lyon (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.19

 
Amended and Restated loan agreement, dated April 23, 2010, between Bank of the West, a California Banking Corporation, Mountain Falls, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company, and Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Commission on August 10, 2012).
 
 
 
10.20

 
Purchase and Sale Agreement and Joint Escrow Instructions, dated June 28, 2012, by and among ColFin WLH Land Acquisitions, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation, and William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.21†

 
2011 Key Employee Bonus Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 8, 2011).
 
 
 
10.22†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.23†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan form of Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.24†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.25†

 
Form of Employment Agreement, dated September 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 

103


Exhibit
Number
 
Description
10.26

 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, certain of William Lyon Homes’ subsidiaries, and Credit Suisse Securities, as representative to the Initial Purchasers (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.27

 
Class A Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock Subscription Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.28

 
Amendment of and Joinder to Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC and William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.29

 
Amendment of and Joinder to Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between ColFin WLH Land Acquisitions, LLC and William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.30

 
Amendment of and Joinder to Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC and William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.31

 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 20, 2012 by and between Lyon Branches, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
 
 
 
10.32

 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 26, 2012 by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
 
 
 
10.33

 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 26, 2012 by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
 
 
 
10.34†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (performance-based) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.35†

 
Revised Form of Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2013 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.36†

 
Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated March 6, 2013, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., and Matthew R. Zaist (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.37

 
Amendment No. 1 to Warrant to Purchase Shares of Class B Common Stock (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
10.38

 
Form of indemnification agreement (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 

104


Exhibit
Number
 
Description
10.39†

 
Amendment No. 1 to the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23(a) to the Company’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed May 6, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.40

 
Credit Agreement among William Lyon Homes, Inc., as Borrower, William Lyon Homes, as Parent, The Lenders from time to time party thereto, and Credit Suisse AG, as Administrative Agent, dated as of August 7, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2013).
 
 
 
10.41†

 
Amendment No. 2 to the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement filed August 12, 2013 (File No. 333-190571)).
 
 
 
10.42†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (performance-based) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
10.43†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
10.44†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Stock Option Agreement. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
10.45†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Amendment No. 1 to Stock Option Agreement (Five-Year Options). (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
12.1+

 
Statement Regarding the Computation of Ratio of Earnings (Loss) to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends for the Year Ended December 31, 2013, the Period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and for the Years Ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009.
 
 
 
16.1

 
Letter from Windes, Inc. (formerly Windes & Mclaughry Accountancy Corporation), as to the change in certifying accountant, dated as of August 9, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 of the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed August 10, 2012).
 
 
 
21.1+

 
List of Subsidiaries of the Company.
 
 
 
23.1+

 
Consent of Windes, Inc. Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
 
 
 
23.2+

 
Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
 
 
 
31.1*

 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
 
 
31.2*

 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
 
 
32.1*

 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
 
 
 

105


Exhibit
Number
 
Description
32.2*

 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
 
 
 
101.INS* **

 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document


 
+
Filed herewith
 
 
Management contract or compensatory agreement
 
 
*
The information in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall they be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (including this Report), unless the Registrant specifically incorporates the foregoing information into those documents by reference.
 
 
**
Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL information will not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and will not be deemed filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, or otherwise subject to liability under those Sections.

106


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Newport Beach, State of California, on the 21st day of March, 2014.
 
 
WILLIAM LYON HOMES,
 
a Delaware corporation
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ William H. Lyon
 
 
William H. Lyon
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
 
Signature
  
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
/s/ William H. Lyon
William H. Lyon
  
Chief Executive Officer, Director (Principal Executive Officer)
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Colin T. Severn
Colin T. Severn
  
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ General William Lyon 
General William Lyon
  
Executive Chairman, Director
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Douglas K. Ammerman
Douglas K. Ammerman
  
Director
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Michael Barr
Michael Barr
  
Director
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Gary H. Hunt
Gary H. Hunt
  
Director
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Matthew R. Niemann
Matthew R. Niemann
  
Director
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Nathaniel Redleaf
Nathaniel Redleaf
  
Director
 
March 21, 2014
 
 
 
/s/ Lynn Carlson Schell
Lynn Carlson Schell
  
Director
 
March 21, 2014

107


INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
Page
Financial Statements as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and for the year ended December 31, 2011
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit)
F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-9

F-1


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
William Lyon Homes:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of William Lyon Homes and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 (Successor), and the related consolidated statements of operations, equity (deficit) and cash flows for the year ended December 31 2013 (Successor) and the periods from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 (Predecessor) and February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 (Successor). These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of William Lyon Homes and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 (Successor) and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013 (Successor) and the periods from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 (Predecessor) and February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 (Successor), in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

As discussed in notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company entered into a plan of reorganization and emerged from bankruptcy on February 24, 2012. As a result of the reorganization, the Company applied fresh start accounting and the consolidated financial information for periods after the reorganization date is presented on a different cost basis than that for the periods before the reorganization and, therefore, is not comparable.

/s/ KPMG LLP
Irvine, California
March 21, 2014

F-2


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
William Lyon Homes

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, equity (deficit) and cash flows of William Lyon Homes (the "Company") for the year ended December 31, 2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of William Lyon Homes for the year ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

As more fully described in Notes 2 and 3, the Company filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on December 19, 2011 and emerged from bankruptcy on February 24, 2012. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, which includes the impact of the period from December 19, through December 31, 2011, have been prepared in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 852, Reorganizations. The Company applied debtor in possession reporting for the period described above resulting in a lack of comparability with the prior financial statements.


/s/ Windes, Inc.
Irvine, California
January 21, 2013


F-3


WILLIAM LYON HOMES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands except number of shares and par value per share)
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents — Note 1
$
171,672

 
$
71,075

Restricted cash — Note 1
854

 
853

Receivables
20,839

 
14,789

Real estate inventories — Note 7
 
 
 
Owned
671,790

 
421,630

Not owned
12,960

 
39,029

Deferred loan costs, net
9,575

 
7,036

Goodwill — Note 8
14,209

 
14,209

Intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $7,611 and $5,757 and as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively — Note 9
2,766

 
4,620

Deferred income taxes, net valuation allowance of $3,959 and $200,048 at December 31, 2013 and 2012 respectively - Note 13
95,580

 

Other assets, net
10,166

 
7,906

Total assets
$
1,010,411

 
$
581,147

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
17,099

 
$
18,735

Accrued expenses
60,203

 
41,770

Liabilities from inventories not owned — Note 15
12,960

 
39,029

Notes payable — Note 10
38,060

 
13,248

8 1/2% Senior notes due November 15, 2020 — Note 10
431,295

 
325,000

 
559,617

 
437,782

Commitments and contingencies — Note 19


 


Redeemable convertible preferred stock — Note 16:
 
 
 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; zero and 9,969,970 shares authorized; zero and 9,334,030 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively

 
71,246

Equity:
 
 
 
William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity — Note 17
 
 
 
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000,000 and no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively

 

Common stock, Class A, par value $0.01 per share; 150,000,000 and 41,212,121 shares authorized; 27,622,283 and 8,499,558 shares issued, 27,216,813 and 8,499,558 shares outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively
276

 
85

Common stock, Class B, par value $0.01 per share; 30,000,000 and 6,060,606 shares authorized; 3,813,884 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively
38

 
38

Common stock, Class C, par value $0.01 per share; zero and 14,545,455 shares authorized; zero and 1,941,859 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively

 
20

Common stock, Class D, par value $0.01 per share; zero and 3,636,364 shares authorized; zero and 302,945 shares outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively

 
3

Additional paid-in capital
311,863

 
74,168

Retained earnings/(accumulated deficit)
116,002

 
(11,602
)
Total William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity
428,179

 
62,712

Noncontrolling interests — Note 5
22,615

 
9,407

Total equity
450,794

 
72,119

Total liabilities and equity
$
1,010,411

 
$
581,147

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-4


WILLIAM LYON HOMES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands except number of shares and per share data)
 
 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
Period from
February 25
through
December  31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 
 
 
2013
 
 
2011
Operating revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home sales
$
521,310

 
$
244,610

$
16,687

 
$
207,055

Lots, land and other sales
18,692

 
104,325


 

Construction services — Note 1
32,533

 
23,825

 
 
8,883

 
19,768

 
572,535

 
372,760

 
 
25,570

 
226,823

Operating costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales — homes
(405,496
)
 
(203,203
)
 
 
(14,598
)
 
(184,489
)
Cost of sales — lots, land and other
(14,692
)
 
(94,786
)
 
 

 
(4,234
)
Impairment loss on real estate assets — Note 7

 

 
 

 
(128,314
)
Construction services — Note 1
(25,598
)
 
(21,416
)
 
 
(8,223
)
 
(18,164
)
Sales and marketing
(26,102
)
 
(13,928
)
 
 
(1,944
)
 
(16,848
)
General and administrative
(40,770
)
 
(26,095
)
 
 
(3,302
)
 
(22,411
)
Amortization of intangible assets — Note 9
(1,854
)
 
(5,757
)
 
 

 

Other
(2,166
)
 
(2,909
)
 
 
(187
)
 
(3,983
)
 
(516,678
)
 
(368,094
)
 
 
(28,254
)
 
(378,443
)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

 
 

 
3,605

Operating income (loss)
55,857

 
4,666

 
 
(2,684
)
 
(148,015
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt — Note 10

 
(1,392
)
 
 

 

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized — Note 1
(2,602
)
 
(9,127
)
 
 
(2,507
)
 
(24,529
)
Other income, net
510

 
1,528

 
 
230

 
838

Income (loss) before reorganization items and benefit (provision) from income taxes
53,765

 
(4,325
)
 
 
(4,961
)
 
(171,706
)
Reorganization items, net — Note 4
(464
)
 
(2,525
)
 
 
233,458

 
(21,182
)
Income (loss) before benefit (provision) for income taxes
53,301

 
(6,850
)
 
 
228,497

 
(192,888
)
Benefit (provision) for income taxes — Note 13
82,302

 
(11
)
 
 

 
(10
)
Net income (loss)
135,603

 
(6,861
)
 
 
228,497

 
(192,898
)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
(6,471
)
 
(1,998
)
 
 
(114
)
 
(432
)
Net income (loss) attributable to William Lyon Homes
129,132

 
(8,859
)
 
 
228,383

 
(193,330
)
Preferred stock dividends
(1,528
)
 
(2,743
)
 
 

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
$
127,604

 
$
(11,602
)
 
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
Income (loss) per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Basic
$
5.16

 
$
(0.93
)
 
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
     Diluted
$
4.95

 
$
(0.93
)
 
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Basic
24,736,841

 
12,489,435

 
 
1,000

 
1,000

     Diluted
25,796,197

 
12,489,435

 
 
1,000

 
1,000

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements


F-5


WILLIAM LYON HOMES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(in thousands)
 
 
William Lyon Homes Stockholders
 
Non-
Controlling
Interest
 
Total
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
(Accumulated
Deficit)
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
Balance — December 31, 2010 (Predecessor)
1

 

 
48,867

 
(35,053
)
 
11,563

 
25,377

Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

 

 
—  

 

 
6,605

 
6,605

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities
—  

 
—  

 
—  

 
—  

 
(8,954
)
 
(8,954
)
Net (loss) income
—  

 
—  

 
—  

 
(193,330
)
 
432

 
(192,898
)
Balance — December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)
1

 

 
48,867

 
(228,383
)
 
9,646

 
(169,870
)
Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities
—  

 
—  

 
—  

 

 
1,825

 
1,825

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

 

 

 

 
(1,897
)
 
(1,897
)
Net (loss) income

 

 

 
(7,201
)
 
114

 
(7,087
)
Balance — February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)
1

 

 
48,867

 
(235,584
)
 
9,688

 
(177,029
)
Cancellation of predecessor common stock
(1
)
 

 

 

 

 

Plan of reorganization and fresh start valuation adjustments

 

 

 
186,717

 
(1,588
)
 
185,129

Elimination of predecessor accumulated deficit

 

 
(48,867
)
 
48,867

 

 

Balance — February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)

 

 

 

 
8,100

 
8,100

Issuance of new common stock in connection with emergence from Chapter 11
11,196

 
112

 
44,003

 

 

 
44,115

Balance — February 24, 2012 (Successor)
11,196

 
112

 
44,003

 

 
8,100

 
52,215

Net (loss) income

 

 

 
(8,859
)
 
1,998

 
(6,861
)
Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

 

 
—  

 

 
15,313

 
15,313

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

 

 

 

 
(16,004
)
 
(16,004
)
Issuance of common stock
3,059

 
31

 
26,469

 

 

 
26,500

Issuance of restricted stock
303

 
3

 
(3
)
 

 

 

Stock based compensation

 

 
3,699

 

 

 
3,699

Preferred stock dividends

 

 

 
(2,743
)
 

 
(2,743
)
Balance — December 31, 2012 (Successor)
14,558

 
$
146

 
$
74,168

 
$
(11,602
)
 
$
9,407

 
$
72,119

Net (loss) income

 

 

 
129,132

 
6,471

 
135,603

Cash contributions to members of consolidated entities

 

 

 

 
37,184

 
37,184

Cash distributions to members of consolidated entities

 

 

 

 
(30,447
)
 
(30,447
)
Conversion of redeemable preferred stock to Class A common stock
9,334

 
93

 
70,293

 

 

 
70,386

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs
7,178

 
72

 
163,612

 

 

 
163,684

Issuance of restricted stock
366

 
3

 
(3
)
 

 

 

Stock based compensation

 

 
3,793

 

 

 
3,793

Preferred stock dividends

 

 

 
(1,528
)
 

 
(1,528
)
Balance — December 31, 2013 (Successor)
31,436

 
$
314

 
$
311,863

 
$
116,002

 
$
22,615

 
$
450,794

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-6

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

 
Successor
 
Predecessor
Year Ended
December 31,
 
Period from
February 25
through
December  31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
2011
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
135,603

 
$
(6,861
)
 
$
228,497

 
$
(192,898
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
3,795

 
6,631

 
586

 
3,875

Impairment loss on real estate assets

 

 

 
128,314

Stock based compensation expense
3,793

 
3,699

 

 

Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

 

 

 
(3,605
)
Loss on sale of fixed asset
4

 

 

 
83

Reorganization items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cancellation of debt

 

 
(298,831
)
 

Plan implementation and fresh start adjustments

 

 
49,302

 

Write-off of deferred loan costs

 

 
8,258

 

Accrued professional fees

 

 

 
1,000

Loss on extinguishment of debt

 
1,104

 

 

Deferred income tax benefit
(95,580
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restricted cash
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(211
)
Receivables
(6,050
)
 
(2,924
)
 
941

 
4,767

Real estate inventories — owned
(234,127
)
 
30,256

 
(7,047
)
 
18,151

Real estate inventories — not owned
26,069

 
7,129

 
1,250

 

Other assets
1,069

 
605

 
206

 
(4,422
)
Accounts payable
(1,636
)
 
7,706

 
4,618

 
(1,522
)
Accrued expenses
18,596

 
9,778

 
(3,851
)
 
7,817

Liabilities from real estate inventories not owned
(26,069
)
 
(7,129
)
 
(1,250
)
 

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
(174,534
)
 
49,993

 
(17,321
)
 
(38,651
)
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures

 

 

 
1,435

Cash paid for acquisitions, net

 
(33,201
)
 

 

Purchases of property and equipment
(3,754
)
 
(312
)
 

 
(128
)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
(3,754
)
 
(33,513
)
 

 
1,307


F-7

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

 
Successor
 
Predecessor
Year Ended
December 31,
 
Period from
February 25
through
December  31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
2011
Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable
73,610

 
13,248

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of 8 1/2% Senior Notes
106,500

 
325,000

 

 

Principal payments on notes payable
(65,037
)
 
(73,676
)
 
(616
)
 
(11,532
)
Principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan

 
(235,000
)
 

 

Principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes

 
(75,916
)
 

 

Proceeds from reorganization

 

 
30,971

 

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

 
14,000

 
50,000

 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock
179,438

 
16,000

 

 

Offering costs related to issuance of common stock
(15,753
)
 

 

 

Proceeds from debtor in possession financing

 

 
5,000

 

Principal payment of debtor in possession financing

 

 
(5,000
)
 

Payment of deferred loan costs
(4,060
)
 
(7,181
)
 
(2,491
)
 

Payment of preferred stock dividends
(2,550
)
 
(1,721
)
 

 

Noncontrolling interest contributions
37,184

 
15,313

 
1,825

 
6,605

Noncontrolling interest distributions
(30,447
)
 
(16,004
)
 
(1,897
)
 
(8,954
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
278,885

 
(25,937
)
 
77,792

 
(13,881
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
100,597

 
(9,457
)
 
60,471

 
(51,225
)
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period
71,075

 
80,532

 
20,061

 
71,286

Cash and cash equivalents — end of period
$
171,672

 
$
71,075

 
$
80,532

 
$
20,061

Supplemental disclosures:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for taxes
$
9,300

 
$

 
$

 
$

Cash paid for professional fees relating to the reorganization
$
464

 
$
3,228

 
$
7,813

 
$
20,182

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conversion of convertible preferred stock to common stock
$
70,386

 
$

 
$

 
$

Issuance of common stock related to land acquisition
$

 
$
10,500

 
$

 
$

Land contributed in lieu of cash for common stock
$

 
$

 
$
4,029

 
$

Distributions of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
800

Accretion of payable in kind dividends on convertible preferred stock
$

 
$
860

 
$

 
$

Preferred stock dividends, accrued
$

 
$
162

 
$

 
$

Net change in real estate inventories—not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
7,862

Notes payable issued in conjunction with land acquisitions
$
16,238

 
$

 
$

 
$
55,000



See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements


F-8


WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Operations
William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (“Parent” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”), are primarily engaged in designing, constructing and selling single family detached and attached homes in California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado (under the Village Homes brand).
Initial Public Offering
On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $163.7 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
In connection with the initial public offering, Parent completed a common stock recapitalization which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Reverse Split”), the conversion of all outstanding shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. The effect of the reverse stock split is retroactively applied to the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the Consolidated Statements of Equity (Deficit), presented herein. Upon completion of the initial public offering, Parent had 27,146,036 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and restricted shares that have been granted but were unvested, and 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares underlying a warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock. The warrant was amended to extend the term from 5 years to 10 years, and the warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022. The change to the warrant had no corresponding impact on the financial statements.
Basis of Presentation
We applied the accounting under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 852 (“ASC 852”), “Reorganizations,” as of February 24, 2012 (see Note 3). References to the “Successor” in the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto refer to the Company after giving effect to the reorganization and application of ASC 852. References to the “Predecessor” refer to the Company prior to the reorganization and application of ASC 852.
The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 and revenues and expenses for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and year ended December 31, 2011. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant accounting policies using estimates include real estate inventories and cost of sales, impairment of real estate inventories, warranty reserves, loss contingencies, sales and profit recognition, accounting for variable interest entities, valuation of deferred tax assets, and fresh start accounting. The current economic environment increases the uncertainty inherent in these estimates and assumptions.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries and joint ventures, and certain joint ventures and other entities which have been determined to be variable interest entities in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary (see Note 5). The accounting policies of the joint ventures are substantially the same as those of the Company. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Real Estate Inventories
Real estate inventories are carried at cost net of impairment losses, if any. Real estate inventories consist primarily of land deposits, land and land under development, homes completed and under construction, and model homes. All direct and indirect land costs, offsite and onsite improvements and applicable interest and other carrying charges are capitalized to real estate projects during periods when the project is under development. Land, offsite costs and all other common costs are allocated to

F-9

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


land parcels benefited based upon relative fair values before construction. Onsite construction costs and related carrying charges (principally interest and property taxes) are allocated to the individual homes within a phase based upon the relative sales value of the homes. The Company relieves its accumulated real estate inventories through cost of sales for the estimated cost of homes sold. Selling expenses and other marketing costs are expensed in the period incurred. A provision for warranty costs relating to the Company’s limited warranty plans is included in cost of sales and accrued expenses at the time the sale of a home is recorded. The Company generally reserves approximately one to one and one quarter percent of the sales price of its homes against the possibility of future charges relating to its 1 year limited warranty and similar potential claims. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of homes under warranty, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the amounts as necessary. Changes in the Company’s warranty liability for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
 
Warranty liability, beginning of period
$
14,317

 
$
14,000

 
$
14,314

 
$
16,341

 
Warranty provision during period
5,154

 
2,731

 
187

 
2,380

 
Warranty payments during period
(5,676
)
 
(3,216
)
 
(845
)
 
(4,699
)
 
Warranty charges related to pre-existing warranties during period
487

 
146

 
85

 
110

 
Warranty charges related to construction services projects
653

 
656

 
114

 
182

 
Fresh start adjustment

 

 
145

 

 
     Warranty liability, end of period
$
14,935

 
$
14,317

 
$
14,000

 
$
14,314

Interest incurred under the Company’s debt obligations, as more fully discussed in Note 10, is capitalized to qualifying real estate projects under development. Any additional interest charges related to real estate projects not under development are expensed in the period incurred. Interest activity for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
Interest incurred
$
31,875

 
$
30,526

 
$
7,145

 
$
61,464

Less: Interest capitalized
(29,273
)
 
(21,399
)
 
(4,638
)
 
(36,935
)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
$
2,602

 
$
9,127

 
$
2,507

 
$
24,529

Cash paid for interest
$
29,769

 
$
26,560

 
$
8,924

 
$
48,018

Construction Services
The Company accounts for construction management agreements using the Percentage of Completion Method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 605 Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605”). Under ASC 605, the Company records revenues and expenses as a contracted project progresses, and based on the percentage of costs incurred to date compared to the total estimated costs of the contract.
The Company entered into construction management agreements to build, sell and market homes in certain communities. For such services, the Company will receive fees (generally 3 to 5 percent of the sales price, as defined) and may, under certain circumstances, receive additional compensation if certain financial thresholds are achieved. 

F-10

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Financial Instruments
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash investments, receivables, and deposits. The Company typically places its cash investments in investment grade short-term instruments. Deposits, included in other assets, are due from municipalities or utility companies and are generally collected from such entities through fees assessed to other developers. The Company is an issuer of, or subject to, financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business which exposes it to credit risks. These financial instruments include letters of credit and obligations in connection with assessment district bonds. These off-balance sheet financial instruments are described in more detail in Note 19.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Short-term investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered cash equivalents. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance exceeds federally insurable limits as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. The Company monitors the cash balances in its operating accounts and adjusts the cash balances as appropriate; however, these cash balances could be negatively impacted if the underlying financial institutions fail or are subject to other adverse conditions in the financial markets. To date, the Company has experienced no loss or lack of access to cash in its operating accounts.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash consists of deposits made by the Company to a bank account as collateral for the use of letters of credit to guarantee the Company’s financial obligations under certain other contractual arrangements in the normal course of business.
Deferred Loan Costs
Deferred loan costs represent debt issuance costs and are primarily amortized to interest expense using the straight line method which approximates the effective interest method.
Goodwill
In accordance with the provisions of ASC 350, Intangibles, Goodwill and Other, goodwill amounts are not amortized, but rather are analyzed for impairment at the reporting segment level. Goodwill is analyzed on an annual basis, or when indicators of impairment exist. We have determined that we have five reporting segments, as discussed in Note 6, and we will perform an annual goodwill impairment analysis during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year.
Intangible Assets
Recorded intangible assets primarily relate to construction management contracts, homes in backlog, and joint venture management fee contracts recorded in conjunction with ASC 852. Such assets were valued based on expected cash flows related to home closings, and the asset is amortized on a per unit basis, as homes under the contracts close.
Income (loss) per common share
The Company computes income (loss) per common share in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share, which requires income (loss) per common share for each class of stock to be calculated using the two-class method. The two-class method is an allocation of income (loss) between the holders of common stock and a company’s participating security holders.
 
Basic income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For purposes of determining diluted income (loss) per common share, basic income (loss) per common share is further adjusted to include the effect of potential dilutive common shares outstanding.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board ASC 740, Income Taxes, using an asset and liability approach. Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards measured by applying currently enacted tax laws. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce net deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition

F-11

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


threshold and a measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be considered “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. In addition, the Company has elected to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in the income tax provision.
Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-2, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. The amendments permit an entity first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test in accordance with Subtopic 350-30. Previous guidance required an entity to test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, on at least an annual basis, by comparing the fair value of the asset with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an entity should recognize an impairment loss in the amount of that excess. An entity has the option not to calculate annually the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset if the entity determines that it is not more likely than not that the asset is impaired. For the year ended December 31, 2013 the Company elected to use the qualitative assessment option permitted by this amendment.
Reclassifications
Certain balances on the financial statements and certain amounts presented in the notes have been reclassified in order to conform to current year presentation.
Note 2—Emergence from Chapter 11
On December 19, 2011, William Lyon Homes (the “Company”) and certain of its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions, under chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended (the “Chapter 11 Petitions”), in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the “Bankruptcy Court”) to seek approval of the Prepackaged Joint Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. The Chapter 11 Petitions were jointly administered under the caption In re William Lyon Homes, et al., Case No. 11-14019 (the “Chapter 11 Cases”). The sole purpose of the Chapter 11 Cases was to restructure the Company’s debt obligations and strengthen its balance sheet.
On February 10, 2012, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan. On February 24, 2012, the Company and its subsidiaries consummated the principal transactions contemplated by the Plan, including (share amounts below reflect a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split discussed above):
the issuance of 5,429,485 shares of the Company’s new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Class A Common Stock”) and $75 million aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017 (“Second Lien Notes”) issued by the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, William Lyon Homes, Inc. (“Borrower”) in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of Borrower;
the amendment of the Borrower’s loan agreement with ColFin WLH Funding, LLC and certain other lenders which resulted, among other things, in the increase in the principal amount outstanding under the loan agreement, the reduction in the interest rate payable under the loan agreement, and the elimination of any prepayment penalty under the loan agreement;
the issuance, in exchange for cash and land deposits of $25 million, of 3,813,884 shares of the Company’s new Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Class B Common Stock”) and warrants to purchase 1,907,551 shares of Class B Common Stock;
the issuance of 7,858,404 shares of Parent’s new Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or Convertible Preferred Stock, for $50.0 million in cash, and 1,571,680 shares of Parent’s new Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share or Class C Common Stock, for $10.0 million in cash. The aggregate cash consideration of $60 million was apportioned between Common and Preferred in accordance with the Plan; and
the issuance of an additional 381,091 shares of Class C Common Stock to Luxor Capital Group LP as a transaction fee in consideration for providing the backstop commitment of the offering of shares of Class C Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock in connection with the Plan.
Note 3—Fresh Start Accounting and Effects of the Plan
As required by U.S. GAAP, effective as of February 24, 2012, we adopted fresh start accounting following the guidance of ASC 852. Fresh start accounting results in the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, our consolidated financial statements for periods prior to February 25, 2012 are not comparable to consolidated

F-12

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


financial statements presented on or after February 25, 2012. Fresh start accounting was required upon emergence from Chapter 11 because holders of voting shares immediately before confirmation of the Plan received less than 50% of the emerging entity and the reorganization value of our assets immediately before confirmation of our Plan was less than our post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. Fresh start accounting results in a new basis of accounting and reflects the allocation of our estimated fair value to underlying assets and liabilities. Our estimates of fair value are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond our reasonable control. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the estimates, assumptions, valuations, appraisals and financial projections will be realized, and actual results could vary materially. Moreover, the market value of our common stock may differ materially from the equity valuation for accounting purposes under ASC 852.
 
Under ASC 852, the Successor Company must determine a value to be assigned to the equity of the emerging company as of the date of adoption of fresh-start accounting, which was February 24, 2012 for the Company, the date the Debtors emerged from Chapter 11. To facilitate the adoption of fresh start accounting, the Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with assessing enterprise value, and the allocation of value to the assets and liabilities of the Company. To calculate enterprise value, the Company used a discounted cash flow analysis, considering a weighted average cost of capital of 16.5%, and utilized a Gordon Growth model with a 3.0% growth rate to calculate terminal value. The analysis resulted in an enterprise value of $485.0 million, which was used as the enterprise value for fresh start accounting. The Company’s total debt was valued at $384.5 million, which consists of the following:
$6.3 million related to a construction note payable with an outstanding principal amount of $6.5 million, which reflects an adjustment of $(0.2) million. The Company discounted the contractual interest and principal payments using a risk adjusted rate of 12.5%.
$56.3 million related to a construction note payable with an outstanding principal amount of $55.0 million, which reflects an adjustment of $1.3 million. The Company discounted the contractual interest and principal payments using a risk adjusted rate of 12.5%.
$2.9 million related to a seller note arrangement that matured on March 1, 2012, 6 days after the plan of reorganization was approved. The payment was made in full, therefore the value of the note was the amount paid.
The remaining debt that was renegotiated as part of the Company’s plan of reorganization, consists of a construction note payable of $9.0 million, the $235.0 million Senior Secured Term Loan and the $75.0 million Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017. In accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, fair value is defined as, “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date”. As these debt amounts were negotiated as part of the reorganization by market participants, their carrying value at that date is representative of fair value.
The enterprise value of the Company was $485.0 million, which includes $384.5 million fair value of debt, as detailed above, and $100.5 million of equity value. The value of each type of equity security was determined using an option pricing model used in accordance with ASC 718, Valuation of Stock Compensation, and treated the redeemable convertible preferred stock, the common stock and the common stock warrants as separate securities. Based on the rights and preferences of each security, the Company valued each security based on a series of five events:
(i)
liquidation preference of the redeemable convertible preferred stock,
(ii)
timing of participation of Class A and B shares of common stock,
(iii)
timing of participation of Class C shares of common stock,
(iv)
conversion of preferred shares into common shares, and
(v)
exercise of warrants
The Company used an option pricing model and the relative rights of the securities to allocate the $100.5 million among the redeemable convertible preferred stock, the common stock and the warrants. Each security was valued based on the relative rights and preferences and a three year term to liquidity event, volatility of 59% based on public company comparables, a risk free rate of .43% based on a three year treasury rate. In addition, the redeemable convertible preferred stock has a dividend yield of 6% and the common stock and warrants have a discount for lack of marketability of 38%. Based on these inputs and the assumptions, the redeemable convertible preferred stock was valued at $56.4 million, the common stock was valued at $43.1 million and the warrants were valued at $1.0 million.
The estimated enterprise value and the equity value are highly dependent on the achievement of the future financial results contemplated in the projections that were set forth in the disclosure statement to the Plan. The estimates and assumptions made in the valuation are inherently subject to significant uncertainties. The primary assumptions for which there is a reasonable possibility of the occurrence of a variation that would have significantly affected the reorganization value include the assumptions regarding the number of homes sold and homes closed, average sales prices, operating expenses, the amount and timing of construction costs and the discount rate utilized.

F-13

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Fresh-start accounting reflects the value of the Successor as determined in the confirmed Plan. Under fresh-start accounting, asset values are remeasured and allocated based on their respective fair values in conformity with the purchase method of accounting for business combinations in FASB ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations” (“FASB ASC 805”). Liabilities existing as of February 24, 2012, the Effective Date, other than deferred taxes, were recorded at the present value of amounts expected to be paid using appropriate risk adjusted interest rates. Deferred taxes were determined in conformity with applicable accounting standards. Predecessor accumulated depreciation, accumulated amortization and retained deficit were eliminated.
In conjunction with the adoption of fresh start accounting, certain intangible assets including, the value of the Company’s homes in backlog, construction management contracts and joint venture management fee contracts were recorded at their estimated fair values as of February 24, 2012 in the amount of $9.5 million. The Company’s backlog was valued using the With/Without Method of the Income Approach to estimate the fair value of the backlog. This asset is amortized on a straight line basis, as homes that were in backlog as of February 24, 2012, are closed or the contract is canceled.
The construction management contracts and joint venture management fee contracts were valued using the Multi-period Excess Earnings method of the Income Approach to estimate the fair value. Since these assets are valued based on expected cash flows related to home closings, the asset is amortized on a straight line basis, as homes under the contracts close.
The following fresh start consolidated balance sheet presents the implementation of the Plan and the adoption of fresh start accounting as of the Effective Date. Reorganization adjustments have been recorded within the consolidated balance sheet to reflect the effects of the Plan, including discharge of liabilities subject to compromise and the adoption of fresh start accounting in accordance with ASC 852.

 

F-14

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands except number of shares and par value per share)
 
 
February 24, 2012
 
Predecessor
 
Plan of
Reorganization
Adjustments
 
 
Fresh Start
Accounting
Adjustments
 
 
Successor
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
12,787

 
$
67,746

(a) 
 
$

 
 
$
80,533

Restricted cash
852

 

  
 

 
 
852

Receivables
12,790

 

  
 
(996
)
(m) 
 
11,794

Real estate inventories
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned
405,632

 
4,029

(b) 
 
(1,198
)
(n) 
 
408,463

Not owned
46,158

 

  
 

 
 
46,158

Property & equipment, net
962

 

  
 
(421
)
(o) 
 
541

Deferred loan costs
8,258

 
(5,767
)
(c) 
 

 
 
2,491

Goodwill

 

  
 
14,209

(p) 
 
14,209

Intangibles

 

  
 
9,470

(q) 
 
9,470

Other assets
6,307

 
47

(d) 
 

  
 
6,354

Total assets
$
493,746

 
$
66,055

  
 
$
21,064

  
 
$
580,865

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities not subject to compromise
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
10,000

 
$

  
 
$

  
 
$
10,000

Accrued expenses
31,391

 

  
 
221

(r) 
 
31,612

Liabilities from inventories not owned
46,158

 

  
 

  
 
46,158

Notes payable
78,394

 
(5,000
)
(f) 
 
1,100

(s) 
 
74,494

Senior Secured Term Loan due January 31, 2015
206,000

 
29,000

(g) 
 

  
 
235,000

Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due February 25, 2017

 
75,000

(h) 
 

  
 
75,000

 
371,943

 
99,000

  
 
1,321

  
 
472,264

Liabilities subject to compromise
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued expenses
15,297

 
(15,297
)
(e) 
 

  
 

75/8% Senior Notes due December 15, 2012
66,704

 
(66,704
)
(e) 
 

  
 

103/4% Senior Notes due April 1, 2013
138,964

 
(138,964
)
(e) 
 

  
 

71/2% Senior Notes due February 15, 2014
77,867

 
(77,867
)
(e) 
 

  
 

 
298,832

 
(298,832
)
 
 

  
 

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

 
56,386

(i) 
 

  
 
56,386

Equity (deficit):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock, Class A

 
448

(j) 
 

  
 
448

Common stock, Class B

 
315

(j) 
 

  
 
315

Common stock, Class C

 
161

(j) 
 

  
 
161

Additional paid-in capital
48,867

 
(21,177
)
(k) 
 
15,501

(t) 
 
43,191

Accumulated deficit
(235,584
)
 
229,754

(l) 
 
5,830

(u) 
 

Total William Lyon Homes stockholder’s equity (deficit)
(186,717
)
 
209,501

  
 
21,331

  
 
44,115

Noncontrolling interest
9,688

 

  
 
(1,588
)
(v) 
 
8,100

Total equity (deficit)
(177,029
)
 
209,501

  
 
19,743

  
 
52,215

Total liabilities and equity (deficit)
$
493,746

 
$
66,055

  
 
$
21,064

  
 
$
580,865

 





F-15

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Notes to Plan of Reorganization and Fresh Start Accounting Adjustments:

a.
Reflects net cash received of $81.0 million from the issuance of new equity, reduced by the repayment of DIP financing of $5.2 million, payment of financing fees of $2.6 million and other reorganization related costs of $5.4 million.
b.
Reflects contribution of land option deposit in lieu of cash for Class B Common Stock.
c.
Reflects the write-off of the remaining deferred loan costs of the Old Notes net of capitalization of deferred loan costs related to the Amended Term Loan.
d.
Reflects prepaid property taxes to obtain title insurance for the second lien notes. Deferred tax assets are not reflected on the balance sheet as they have been fully reserved.
e.
Reflects the extinguishment of liabilities subject to compromise (“LSTC”) at emergence. LSTC was comprised of $283.5 million of Old Notes and $15.3 million of related accrued interest. The holders of the Old Notes received Class A common stock of the Successor entity.
f.
Reflects repayment of amounts outstanding under the DIP Credit Agreement pursuant to the Plan.
g.
Reflects the additional principal added to the Amended Term Loan, in accordance with the Plan.
h.
Reflects the issuance of Senior Subordinated Secured Notes of $75.0 million, in accordance with the Plan.
i.
Reflects the fair value of the Convertible Preferred Stock issued pursuant to the Plan. The fair value of the total residual equity interest of $100.5 million was determined based on the enterprise value of $485.0 million determined as of the date of the plan, less the $384.5 million fair value of Long-Term debt. Cash received for the convertible preferred was $50.0 million, however as discussed previously, the Company valued the redeemable convertible preferred stock at $56.4 million.
j.
Reflects the issuance of 92.4 million total shares in new common stock at $0.01 par value and the extinguishment of 1,000 shares ($0.01 par) of Old Common Stock, in accordance with the plan (see Note 2 for allocation of shares).
k.
Reflects the elimination of $48.9 million of additional paid-in capital (“APIC”) relating to Old Common Stock, offset by $27.7 million of net cash received from the issuance of the Class B and Class C shares of common stock.
l.
Reflects the elimination of $235.6 million of accumulated deficit of the Predecessor company in addition to the net impact of Plan adjustments to assets, liabilities and stockholder’s equity.
m.
Reflects adjustment of $1.0 million to notes receivable with a book value of $6.2 million to fair value of $5.2 million using the discounted cash flow approach. The Company discounted the future interest to be received at a discount rate of 10%, which is above the stated rate of the note.
n.
Reflects adjustment of $1.2 million to real estate inventory using the discounted cash flow approach. The Company used project forecasts and an unlevered discount rate of 20% to arrive at fair value. Certain projects that are held for future development were valued on an “As-Is” Basis using market comparables.
o.
Reflects adjustment of $0.4 million to property and equipment with a book value of $1.0 million to fair value of $0.6 million, based on the estimated sales value of the assets determined on an “As Is” Basis using market comparables.
p.
Goodwill represents the excess of enterprise value upon emergence over fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired.
q.
Reflects identifiable intangible assets comprised of $4.6 million relating to construction management contracts, $4.0 million relating to homes in backlog, and $0.8 million relating to joint venture management fees. The value of the construction management contracts and the joint venture management fees was estimated using the discounted cash flows of each related project at a discount rate ranging from 17% to 19%. The value of the backlog contracts was determined using the With/Without method of the income approach and the expected closing date of the home in backlog and the contracted sales price of the home.
r.
Reflects adjustments to warranty and construction defect litigation liabilities which were valued based on the estimated costs of warranty spending on homes previously closed plus an estimated margin of 9.4%, plus a reasonable margin required to transfer the liability or to fulfill the obligation.
s.
Reflects adjustment of one note payable of $(0.2) million, with a book value of $6.5 million to a fair value of $6.3 million. The Company used a discounted cash flow on contracted interest and principal to be received and a risk adjusted discount rate of 12.5%. Also reflects adjustment of one note payable of $1.3 million, with a book value of $55.0 million to a fair value of $56.3 million. The Company used a discounted cash flow on contracted interest and principal to be received and a risk adjusted discount rate of 12.5%.
t.
Reflects the adjustment to a combined common stock and warrants value of $44.1 million for the calculation of fair value under the provisions of fresh start accounting, based on the remaining residual equity interest of $100.5 million, as discussed in note (i) above, less the allocation to convertible preferred of $56.4 million, as also discussed in note (i).
u.
Reflects the elimination of a balance in accumulated deficit of $5.8 million to reduce any accumulated deficit or retained earnings in conjunction with fresh start accounting, which requires the successor entity to begin with a zero balance in retained earnings.

F-16

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


v.
Reflects adjustment of $1.6 million to minority interest in a consolidated entity with a book value of $9.7 million to fair value of $8.1 million. The Company used a discounted cash flow approach to the project and the estimated cash to be distributed to the minority member of the entity, using a discount rate of 17.8%.

Reconciliation of enterprise value to the reorganized value of the Company’s assets and determination of goodwill (in thousands):
 
Total enterprise value
$
485,000

Add: liabilities (excluding debt and equity)
87,765

Add: noncontrolling interest
8,100

Reorganization value of assets
580,865

Fair value of assets (excluding goodwill)
566,656

Reorganization value in excess of fair value (goodwill)
$
14,209

 
Note 4—Reorganization Items
In accordance with authoritative accounting guidance issued by the FASB, separate disclosure is required for reorganization items, such as certain expenses, provisions for losses and other charges directly associated with or resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business, which have been realized or incurred during the Chapter 11 Cases. Reorganization items were comprised of the following (in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
 
Cancellation of debt
$

 
$

 
$
298,831

 
$

Plan implementation and fresh start valuation adjustments

 

 
(49,302
)
 

Professional fees
(464
)
 
(2,525
)
 
(7,813
)
 
(21,182
)
Write-off of Old Notes deferred loan costs

 

 
(8,258
)
 

Total reorganization items, net
$
(464
)
 
$
(2,525
)
 
$
233,458

 
$
(21,182
)
Note 5—Variable Interest Entities and Noncontrolling Interests
The Company accounts for variable interest entities in accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”). Under ASC 810, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) is created when: (a) the equity investment at risk in the entity is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, including the equity holders; (b) the entity’s equity holders as a group either (i) lack the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entity, (ii) are not obligated to absorb expected losses of the entity or (iii) do not have the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity; or (c) the entity’s equity holders have voting rights that are not proportionate to their economic interests, and the activities of the entity involve or are conducted on behalf of the equity holder with disproportionately few voting rights. If an entity is deemed to be a VIE pursuant to ASC 810, the enterprise that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or right to receive benefits from the entity that could be potentially significant to the VIE is considered the primary beneficiary and must consolidate the VIE. In accordance with ASC 810, we perform ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE.
Joint Ventures
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had three and two joint ventures, respectively, which were deemed to be VIEs under ASC 810 for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. The Company manages the joint ventures, by using its sales, development and operations teams and has significant control over these projects and therefore the

F-17

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the joint venture’s performance, in addition to being obligated to absorb expected losses or receive benefits from the joint venture, and therefore the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these VIEs.
These joint ventures are each engaged in homebuilding and land development activities. Certain of these joint ventures have not obtained construction financing from outside lenders, but are financing their activities through equity contributions from each of the joint venture partners. The Company has no rights, nor does the Company have any obligation with respect to the liabilities of the VIEs, and none of the Company’s assets serve as collateral for the creditors of these VIEs. The assets of the joint ventures are the sole collateral for the liabilities of the joint ventures and as such, the creditors and equity investors of these joint ventures have no recourse to assets of the Company held outside of these joint ventures. Creditors of these VIEs have no recourse against the general credit of the Company. The liabilities of each VIE are restricted to the assets of each VIE. Additionally, the creditors of the Company have no access to the assets of the VIEs. Income allocations and cash distributions to the Company are based on predetermined formulas between the Company and their joint venture partners as specified in the applicable partnership or operating agreements. The Company generally receives, after partners’ priority returns and return of partners’ capital, approximately 50% of the profits and cash flows from the joint ventures.
During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company formed two joint ventures, Lyon Whistler, LLC and Brentwood Palmilla Owner, LLC, and during the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company formed a joint venture, Lyon Branches, LLC, for the purpose of land development and homebuilding activities. The Company, as the managing member, has the power to direct the activities of the VIEs since it manages the daily operations and has exposure to the risks and rewards of the VIEs, as based on the division of income and loss per the joint venture agreements. Therefore, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the joint ventures, and the VIEs were consolidated as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
As of December 31, 2013, the assets of the consolidated VIEs totaled $66.4 million, of which $4.7 million was cash and $56.8 million was real estate inventories. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs totaled $27.1 million, primarily comprised of notes payable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
As of December 31, 2012, the assets of the consolidated VIEs totaled $24.7 million, of which $1.1 million was cash and $20.4 was real estate inventories. The liabilities of the consolidated VIEs totaled $6.4 million, primarily comprised of accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The Company recorded a $1.6 million valuation adjustment to the noncontrolling interest account on one VIE in accordance with the adoption of ASC 852.
Note 6—Segment Information
The Company operates one principal homebuilding business. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), the Company has determined that each of its operating divisions is an operating segment.
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s Executive Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer have been identified as the chief operating decision makers. The Company’s chief operating decision makers direct the allocation of resources to operating segments based on the profitability and cash flows of each respective segment.
The Company’s homebuilding operations design, construct and sell a wide range of homes designed to meet the specific needs in each of its markets. In accordance with the aggregation criteria defined by ASC 280, the Company’s homebuilding operating segments have been grouped into five reportable segments: Southern California, consisting of an operating division with operations in Orange, Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San Diego counties; Northern California, consisting of an operating division with operations in Contra Costa, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Santa Clara, Solano and Placer counties; Arizona, consisting of operations in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area; Nevada, consisting of operations in the Las Vegas, Nevada metropolitan area; and Colorado, consisting of operations in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area, Fort Collins, and Granby, Colorado.

Corporate develops and implements strategic initiatives and supports the Company’s operating divisions by centralizing key administrative functions such as finance and treasury, information technology, risk management and litigation and human resources.
Segment financial information relating to the Company’s operations was as follows (in thousands):
 

F-18

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
Operating revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
$
216,731

 
$
116,619

 
$
7,759

 
$
130,737

Northern California
78,291

 
154,684

 
11,014

 
54,141

Arizona
129,089

 
58,714

 
4,316

 
20,074

Nevada
78,148

 
37,307

 
2,481

 
21,871

Colorado
70,276

 
5,436

 

 

Total operating revenue
$
572,535

 
$
372,760

 
$
25,570

 
$
226,823

 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
Income (loss) before benefit (provision) for income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Southern California
$
37,190

 
$
3,345

 
$
(19,131
)
 
$
(26,406
)
Northern California
12,862

 
16,179

 
6,195

 
(6,307
)
Arizona
17,861

 
2,073

 
9,928

 
(95,184
)
Nevada
9,180

 
(1,146
)
 
(1,738
)
 
(30,500
)
Colorado
736

 
130

 

 

Corporate
(24,528
)
 
(27,431
)
 
233,243

 
(34,491
)
Income (loss) before benefit (provision)
from income taxes
$
53,301

 
$
(6,850
)
 
$
228,497

 
$
(192,888
)
Income (loss) before benefit (provision) from income taxes includes the following pretax inventory impairment charges recorded in the following segments (in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
Southern California
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
17,962

Northern California

 

 

 
2,074

Arizona

 

 

 
87,607

Nevada

 

 

 
20,671

Colorado

 

 

 

Total impairment loss on real estate assets
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
128,314

 

F-19

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


 
Successor
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Homebuilding assets:
 
 
 
Southern California
$
275,975

 
$
195,688

Northern California
143,693

 
31,293

Arizona
157,892

 
173,847

Nevada
85,695

 
51,141

Colorado
60,233

 
37,668

Corporate (1)
286,923

 
91,510

Total homebuilding assets
$
1,010,411

 
$
581,147

 
(1)
Comprised primarily of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, deferred loan costs, deferred income taxes, and other assets.
Note 7—Real Estate Inventories
Real estate inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
December 31,
2013
 
2012
Real estate inventories owned:
 
 
 
Land deposits
$
46,632

 
$
31,855

Land and land under development
458,437

 
318,327

Homes completed and under construction
144,736

 
50,847

Model homes
21,985

 
20,601

Total
$
671,790

 
$
421,630

Real estate inventories not owned: (1)
 
 
 
Other land options contracts — land banking arrangement
$
12,960

 
$
39,029

 
(1)
Represents the consolidation of a land banking arrangement which does not obligate the Company to purchase the lots, however, based on certain factors, the Company has determined it is economically compelled to purchase the lots in the land banking arrangement, which has been consolidated. Amounts are net of deposits.
The Company accounts for its real estate inventories under FASB ASC 360 Property, Plant, & Equipment (“ASC 360”).
ASC 360 requires impairment losses to be recorded on real estate inventories when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by real estate inventories are less than the carrying amount of such assets. Indicators of impairment include a decrease in demand for housing due to softening market conditions, competitive pricing pressures, which reduce the average sales price of homes including an increase in sales incentives offered to buyers, slowing sales absorption rates, decreases in home values in the markets in which the Company operates, significant decreases in gross margins and a decrease in project cash flows for a particular project.
For land, construction in progress, completed inventory, including model homes, and inventories not owned, the Company estimates expected cash flows at the project level by maintaining current budgets using recent historical information and current market assumptions. The Company updates project budgets and cash flows of each real estate project on an as needed basis to determine whether the estimated remaining undiscounted future cash flows of the project are more or less than the carrying amount (net book value) of the asset. If the undiscounted cash flows are more than the net book value of the project, then there is no impairment. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the net book value of the asset, then the asset is deemed to be impaired and is written-down to its fair value.
Fair value represents the amount at which an asset could be bought or sold in a current transaction between willing parties (i.e., other than a forced or liquidation sale). Management determines the estimated fair value of each project by determining

F-20

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


the present value of estimated future cash flows at discount rates that are commensurate with the risk of each project and each domain, market or sub-market or may use recent appraisals if they more accurately reflect fair value. The estimation process involved in determining if assets have been impaired and in the determination of fair value is inherently uncertain because it requires estimates of future revenues and costs, as well as future events and conditions. Estimates of revenues and costs are supported by the Company’s budgeting process, and are based on recent sales in backlog, pricing required to get the desired pace of sales, pricing of competitive projects, incentives offered by competitors and current estimates of costs of development and construction or current appraisals.
The Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist with the analysis of the fair value of the entity, and respective assets and liabilities in connection with its reorganization. In conjunction with the valuation of all of the assets of the Company, the Company re-set value on certain land holdings in the early stages of development, based on: (i) “as-is” development stages of the property instead of a discounted cash flow approach, (ii) relative comparables on similar stage properties that had recently sold, on a per acre basis, and (iii) location of the property, among other factors.
Under the provisions of FASB ASC 360, the Company is required to make certain assumptions to estimate undiscounted future cash flows of a project, which include: (i) estimated sales prices, including sales incentives, (ii) anticipated sales absorption rates and sales volume, (iii) project costs incurred to date and the estimated future costs of the project based on the project budget, (iv) the carrying costs related to the time a project is actively selling until it closes the final unit in the project, and (v) alternative strategies including selling the land to a third-party or temporarily suspending development at the project. Each project has different assumptions and is based on management’s assessment of the current market conditions that exist in each project location. The Company’s assumptions included moderate absorption increases in certain projects beginning in 2013. In addition, the Company had assumed some moderate reduction in sales incentives in certain projects in certain markets beginning in 2013.
The assumptions and judgments used by the Company in the estimation process to determine the future undiscounted cash flows of a project and its fair value are inherently uncertain and require a substantial degree of judgment. The realization of the Company’s real estate inventories is dependent upon future uncertain events and market conditions. Due to the subjective nature of the estimates and assumptions used in determining the future cash flows of a project, actual results could differ materially from current estimates.
Management assesses land deposits for impairment when estimated land values are deemed to be less than the agreed upon contract price. The Company considers changes in market conditions, the timing of land purchases, the ability to renegotiate with land sellers, the terms of the land option contracts in question, the availability and best use of capital, and other factors. The Company records abandoned land deposits and related pre-acquisition costs in cost of sales-lots, land and other in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that it is abandoned.
 
As of February 24, 2012, the Company made fair value adjustments to inventory in accordance with fresh start accounting. During the year ended December 31, 2013 and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the Company did not record any impairments.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded impairment loss on real estate assets of $128.3 million. The impairment loss related to land under development and homes completed and under construction recorded during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from (i) in certain projects, a decrease in home sales prices related to increased incentives and (ii) a decrease in sales absorption rates which increased the length of time of the project and increased period costs related to the project. The impairment loss related to land held for future development or sold incurred during the year ended December 31, 2011, resulted from the reduced value of the land in the project. The Company values land held for future development using, (i) projected cash flows with the strategy of selling the land, on a finished or unfinished basis, or building out the project, (ii) considering recent, legitimate offers received, (iii) prices for land in recent comparable sales transactions, and other factors. For three of the Company’s projects which are entitled land categorized as “land held for future development” in the table above, the Company engaged a third-party valuation firm to value the land of each project, on an as-is basis, using several factors including the existing land sale market and market comparables as a barometer for each project.
Note 8—Goodwill
Goodwill of $14.2 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012 represents the excess of enterprise value upon emergence over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets. The Company recorded goodwill of $14.2 million as of February 24, 2012 in connection with fresh start accounting (refer to Notes 2, 3, and 4 for further details relating to fresh start accounting and valuation of goodwill).

F-21

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Goodwill by operating segment as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Southern California
$
4,885

 
$
4,885

Northern California
1,916

 
1,916

Arizona
5,951

 
5,951

Nevada
1,457

 
1,457

Colorado

 

Total goodwill
$
14,209

 
$
14,209

Note 9—Intangibles
The carrying value and accumulated amortization of intangible assets at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, by major intangible asset category, is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Carrying Value
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Carrying
Value
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
Construction management contracts
$
4,640

 
$
(2,274
)
 
$
2,366

 
$
4,640

 
$
(1,295
)
 
$
3,345

Homes in backlog
4,937

 
(4,937
)
 

 
4,937

 
(4,169
)
 
768

Joint venture management fee contracts
800

 
(400
)
 
400

 
800

 
(293
)
 
507

Total intangibles
$
10,377

 
$
(7,611
)
 
$
2,766

 
$
10,377

 
$
(5,757
)
 
$
4,620

Amortization expense related to intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2013, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 was $1.9 million and $5.8 million, respectively. There was no amortization expense related to intangible assets for the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 or prior, since intangible assets of $9.5 million were recorded in conjunction with ASC 852 and intangible assets of $0.9 million were recorded in conjunction with the purchase of Village Homes on December 7, 2012.
Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Total
 
Amortization
2014
1,380

2015
1,386

Total
$
2,766

The weighted average remaining useful life of intangible assets as of December 31, 2013 is 18 months.







F-22

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Note 10—Senior Notes and Secured Indebtedness
Senior notes and Notes payable consist of the following (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Notes payable
 
 
 
Construction notes payable
$
24,198

 
$
13,248

Seller financing
13,862

 

Total notes payable
$
38,060

 
$
13,248

Senior notes
 
 
 
8  1/2% Senior notes due November 15, 2020
$
431,295

 
$
325,000

Total Senior notes and Notes payable
$
469,355

 
$
338,248

The maturities of the 8 ½% Senior notes and Notes payable are as follows as of December 31, 2013 (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2014
$
1,761

2015
12,965

2016
23,334

2017

2018

Thereafter
425,000

 
$
463,060


Maturities above exclude premium of $6,295 as of December 31, 2013.

8 1/2% Senior Notes Due 2020
On November 8, 2012, William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“California Lyon”) completed its offering of 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020, or the New Notes, in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. The New Notes were issued at 100% of their aggregate principal amount. The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of the New Notes, together with cash on hand, to refinance the Company’s (i) $235 million 10.25% Senior Secured Term Loan due 2015 (“Amended Term Loan”), (ii) approximately $76 million in aggregate principal amount of 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Notes due 2017 (“Old Notes”), (iii) approximately $11 million in principal amount of project related debt, and (iv) to pay accrued and unpaid interest thereon.
On October 24, 2013, California Lyon completed the sale to certain purchasers of an additional $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 8.5% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “Additional Notes”) at an issue price of 106.5% of their aggregate principal amount, plus accrued interest from and including May 15, 2013, in a private placement, resulting in net proceeds of approximately $104.7 million.
As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the outstanding principal amount of the New Notes and Additional Notes was $425 million and $325.0 million. The New Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 8.5% per annum and is payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15, commencing on May 15, 2013, and mature on November 15, 2020. The New Notes are senior unsecured obligations of California Lyon and are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated secured basis by Parent and by certain of Parent’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries. The New Notes and the guarantees rank senior to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and senior in right of payment to all of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ future subordinated debt. The New Notes and the guarantees are and will be effectively junior to any of California Lyon’s and the guarantors’ existing and future secured debt.
On or after November 15, 2016, California Lyon may redeem all or a portion of the New Notes upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice, at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth below plus

F-23

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


accrued and unpaid interest to the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the 12-month period beginning on November 15 of the years indicated below:
 
Year
Percentage
2016
104.250
%
2017
102.125
%
2018 and thereafter
100.000
%
Prior to November 15, 2016 the New Notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, and accrued and unpaid interest to, the redemption date.
In addition, any time prior to November 15, 2015, California Lyon may, at its option on one or more occasions, redeem New Notes in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the New Notes issued prior to such date at a redemption price (expressed as a percentage of principal amount) of 108.5%, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date, with an amount equal to the net cash proceeds from one or more equity offerings.
The indenture governing the New Notes (the “Indenture”) contains covenants that limit the ability of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee certain additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions or repurchase stock; (iii) make certain investments; (iv) sell assets; (v) incur liens; (vi) enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or transfer assets; (vii) enter into transactions with affiliates; (viii) create unrestricted subsidiaries; and (viii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of the Company’s and California Lyon’s assets. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications as described in the Indenture. The Company is in compliance with all such covenants as of December 31, 2013.

Notes Payable
Revolving Lines of Credit
On August 7, 2013, California Lyon and Parent entered into a credit agreement providing for a revolving credit facility of up to $100 million (the “Revolver”). The Revolver will mature on August 5, 2016, unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of the Revolver. The Revolver contains an uncommitted accordion feature under which its aggregate principal amount can be increased to up to $125 million under certain circumstances, as well as a sublimit of $50 million for letters of credit. The Revolver contains various covenants, including financial covenants relating to tangible net worth, leverage, liquidity and interest coverage, as well as a limitation on investments in joint ventures and non-guarantor subsidiaries.
The Revolver contains customary events of default, subject to cure periods in certain circumstances, that would result in the termination of the commitment and permit the lenders to accelerate payment on outstanding borrowings and require cash collateralization of letters of credit, including: nonpayment of principal, interest and fees or other amounts; violation of covenants; inaccuracy of representations and warranties; cross default to certain other indebtedness; unpaid judgments; and certain bankruptcy and other insolvency events. If a change in control of the Company occurs, the lenders may terminate the commitment and require that California Lyon repay outstanding borrowings under the Revolver and cash collateralize letters of credit. Interest rates on borrowings generally will be based on either LIBOR or a base rate, plus the applicable spread. The commitment fee on the unused portion of the Facility currently accrues at an annual rate of 0.50%.
Borrowings under the Revolver, the availability of which is subject to a borrowing base formula, are required to be guaranteed by the Company and certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, are secured by a pledge of all equity interests held by such guarantors, and may be used for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had not drawn any amounts under this facility, but had issued a letter of credit for $4.0 million, reducing the amount available under the facility.
On March 5, 2013, California Lyon entered into a Revolving Line of Credit Loan Agreement (the “CB&T Loan Agreement”), with California Bank & Trust (“CB&T”), providing for a revolving line of credit of $30.0 million (the “CB&T Loan”). The CB&T Loan, as amended, provides California Lyon with funds for the development of residential lots, the construction of existing and future residential home projects within the states of California, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado, the issuance of letters of credit for the payment of costs incurred or associated with those projects and other general corporate purposes. In connection with the execution of the CB&T Loan Agreement, California Lyon issued a promissory note (the “CB&T Promissory Note”), and together with the CB&T Loan Agreement and any ancillary documents and agreements executed pursuant to the CB&T Loan Agreement, (the “CB&T Loan Documents”), in favor of CB&T. California Lyon’s

F-24

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


obligations under the CB&T Loan are secured by, among other things, a first lien on and security interest in all the real and personal property comprising each qualified project that is secured by the CB&T Loan. Borrowings under the CB&T Loan Agreement bore interest, payable monthly, at California Lyon’s option of either (i) a fixed rate at LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum or (ii) a variable rate at the Prime Rate, as adjusted by CB&T in accordance with the CB&T Loan Agreement, plus 1.00% per annum. The floor interest rate for borrowings under the CB&T Loan Agreement range from 4.25% to 5.00%, depending on California Lyon’s total debt to tangible net worth ratio. Beginning on March 5, 2015, the maximum amount available under the CB&T Loan would have been reduced by $7.5 million every 90 days until the CB&T Loan matures. The CB&T Loan was scheduled to mature on March 5, 2016.
In March 2013, one of the outstanding construction loans payable and its underlying collateral was rolled into the CB&T Loan. In July 2013, the Company repaid all of the outstanding balance of the CB&T loan. On October 30, 2013, the Company terminated the CB&T Loan.

Construction Notes Payable
In December 2013, the Company entered into a construction notes payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $18.6 million, to be drawn for land development and construction of its joint venture projects. The facility consists of an $11.5 million revolving facility and a $7.1 million promissory note. The facility matures in January 2016 and bears interest at the Company's option of either LIBOR +3.0% or the prime rate +1.0%. At December 31, 2013 the interest rate on the facility was 4.25%, and the Company had $2.1 million outstanding.
In June 2013, the Company entered into a construction note payable agreement. The agreement has total availability under the facility of $28.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in June 2016 and bears interest at the prime rate +0.5%, with a rate floor of 4.0%, which was the interest rate as of December 31, 2013. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had borrowed $21.2 million under this facility. The loan will be repaid with proceeds from home closings of the project, is secured by the underlying project, and is guaranteed by the Company.
In September 2012, the Company entered into two construction notes payable agreements. The first agreement has total availability under the facility of $19.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its wholly-owned projects. The loan had an original maturity date in September 2015 and bore interest at the prime rate +1.0%, with a rate floor of 5.0%. In March 2013, this loan and the underlying collateral was rolled into the CB&T Loan Agreement, defined and discussed above. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $7.8 million under this facility.
The second September 2012 construction note payable agreement has total availability under the facility of $17.0 million, to be drawn for land development and construction on one of its joint venture projects. The loan matures in March 2015 and bears interest at prime rate +1%, with a rate floor of 5.0%, which was the interest rate as of December 31, 2013. At December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had borrowed $0.9 million and $5.4 million under this facility.
Land Acquisition Note Payable
In October 2011, the Company secured an acquisition note payable in conjunction with the acquisition of a parcel of land in Northern California. The acquisition price of the land was $56.0 million, and the loan was for $55.0 million. The note was scheduled to mature in October 2012, and carried an interest rate of 1.5% per month, which was paid monthly on the loan. As part of the Company’s adoption of ASC 852, the loan was valued at $56.3 million as of February 24, 2012, the confirmation date of the plan. In May 2012, the Company sold the parcel of land and repaid the note in full recognizing a gain on extinguishment of debt of $1.0 million, net of amortization expense of $0.3 million. The gain is included in (loss) gain on extinguishment of debt in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.
Seller Financing
At December 31, 2013, the Company had $13.9 million of notes payable outstanding relating to two land acquisitions for which seller financing was provided. The first note had a balance of $1.8 million as of December 31, 2013, bears interest at 3% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in March 2014. The second note had a balance of $12.1 million as of December 31, 2013, bears interest at 7% per annum, is secured by the underlying land, and matures in May 2015.

 

F-25

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


GUARANTOR AND NON-GUARANTOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following consolidating financial information includes:
(1) Consolidating balance sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012; consolidating statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011; and consolidating statements of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, of (a) William Lyon Homes, as the parent, or “Delaware Lyon”, (b) William Lyon Homes, Inc., as the subsidiary issuer, or “California Lyon”, (c) the guarantor subsidiaries, (d) the non-guarantor subsidiaries and (e) William Lyon Homes, Inc. on a consolidated basis; and
(2) Elimination entries necessary to consolidate Delaware Lyon, with William Lyon Homes, Inc. and its guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries.
William Lyon Homes owns 100% of all of its guarantor subsidiaries and all guarantees are full and unconditional, joint and several. As a result, in accordance with Rule 3-10 (d) of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC, no separate financial statements are required for these subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011.

F-26

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2013 (Successor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$

 
$
166,516

 
$
28

 
$
5,128

 
$

 
$
171,672

Restricted cash

 
854

 

 

 

 
854

Receivables

 
15,742

 
72

 
5,025

 

 
20,839

Real estate inventories
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owned

 
608,965

 
3,761

 
59,064

 

 
671,790

Not owned

 
12,960

 

 

 

 
12,960

Deferred loan costs

 
9,575

 

 

 

 
9,575

Goodwill

 
14,209

 

 

 

 
14,209

Intangibles

 
2,766

 

 

 

 
2,766

Deferred income taxes, net

 
95,580

 

 

 

 
95,580

Other assets

 
9,100

 
723

 
343

 

 
10,166

Investments in subsidiaries
428,179

 
9,975

 

 

 
(438,154
)
 

Intercompany receivables

 

 
225,056

 
(15
)
 
(225,041
)
 

Total assets
$
428,179

 
$
946,242

 
$
229,640

 
$
69,545

 
$
(663,195
)
 
$
1,010,411

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$

 
$
12,489

 
$
1,959

 
$
2,651

 
$

 
$
17,099

Accrued expenses

 
59,375

 
744

 
84

 

 
60,203

Liabilities from inventories not owned

 
12,960

 

 

 

 
12,960

Notes payable

 
12,281

 
1,762

 
24,017

 

 
38,060

8 1/2% Senior Notes

 
431,295

 

 

 

 
431,295

Intercompany payables

 
214,837

 

 
10,204

 
(225,041
)
 

Total liabilities

 
743,237

 
4,465

 
36,956

 
(225,041
)
 
559,617

Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity
428,179

 
203,004

 
225,175

 
9,975

 
(438,154
)
 
428,179

Noncontrolling interests

 

 

 
22,615

 

 
22,615

Total liabilities and equity
$
428,179

 
$
946,241

 
$
229,640

 
$
69,546

 
$
(663,195
)
 
$
1,010,411














F-27

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2012 (Successor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$

 
$
69,376

 
$
65

 
$
1,634

 
$

 
$
71,075

Restricted cash

 
853

 

 

 

 
853

Receivables

 
11,278

 
296

 
3,215

 

 
14,789

Real estate inventories
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Owned

 
398,952

 
13

 
22,665

 

 
421,630

Not owned

 
39,029

 

 

 

 
39,029

Deferred loan costs

 
7,036

 

 

 

 
7,036

Goodwill

 
14,209

 

 

 

 
14,209

Intangibles

 
4,620

 

 

 

 
4,620

Other assets

 
7,437

 
146

 
323

 

 
7,906

Investments in subsidiaries
62,712

 
22,148

 

 

 
(84,860
)
 

Intercompany receivables

 

 
207,239

 
18,935

 
(226,174
)
 

Total assets
$
62,712

 
$
574,938

 
$
207,759

 
$
46,772

 
$
(311,034
)
 
$
581,147

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$

 
$
17,998

 
$
39

 
$
698

 
$

 
$
18,735

Accrued expenses

 
41,505

 
213

 
52

 

 
41,770

Liabilities from inventories not owned

 
39,029

 

 

 

 
39,029

Notes payable

 
7,809

 

 
5,439

 

 
13,248

8 1/2% Senior Notes

 
325,000

 

 

 

 
325,000

Intercompany payables

 
217,146

 

 
9,028

 
(226,174
)
 

Total liabilities

 
648,487

 
252

 
15,217

 
(226,174
)
 
437,782

Redeemable convertible preferred stock

 
71,246

 

 

 

 
71,246

Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
William Lyon Homes stockholders’ equity (deficit)
62,712

 
(144,795
)
 
207,507

 
22,148

 
(84,860
)
 
62,712

Noncontrolling interests

 

 

 
9,407

 

 
9,407

Total liabilities and equity
$
62,712

 
$
574,938

 
$
207,759

 
$
46,772

 
$
(311,034
)
 
$
581,147


 

 

F-28

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, 2013 (Successor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales
$

 
$
310,919

 
$
180,673

 
$
48,410

 
$

 
$
540,002

Construction services

 
32,533

 

 

 

 
32,533

Management fees

 
1,351

 

 

 
(1,351
)
 

 

 
344,803

 
180,673

 
48,410

 
(1,351
)
 
572,535

Operating costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales

 
(236,165
)
 
(150,450
)
 
(34,924
)
 
1,351

 
(420,188
)
Construction services

 
(25,598
)
 

 

 

 
(25,598
)
Sales and marketing

 
(15,615
)
 
(8,908
)
 
(1,579
)
 

 
(26,102
)
General and administrative

 
(37,031
)
 
(3,720
)
 
(19
)
 

 
(40,770
)
Amortization of intangible assets

 
(1,854
)
 

 

 

 
(1,854
)
Other

 
(2,163
)
 
(3
)
 

 

 
(2,166
)
 

 
(318,426
)
 
(163,081
)
 
(36,522
)
 
1,351

 
(516,678
)
Income from subsidiaries
129,132

 
21,889

 

 

 
(151,021
)
 

Operating income
129,132

 
48,266

 
17,592

 
11,888

 
(151,021
)
 
55,857

Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

 
(2,476
)
 
(126
)
 

 

 
(2,602
)
Other income (expense), net

 
1,745

 
(147
)
 
(1,088
)
 

 
510

Income before reorganization items and benefit (provision) for income taxes
129,132

 
47,535

 
17,319

 
10,800

 
(151,021
)
 
53,765

Reorganization items, net

 
(464
)
 

 

 

 
(464
)
Income before benefit (provision) for income taxes
129,132

 
47,071

 
17,319

 
10,800

 
(151,021
)
 
53,301

Benefit (provision) for income taxes

 
82,315

 
(13
)
 

 

 
82,302

Net income
129,132

 
129,386

 
17,306

 
10,800

 
(151,021
)
 
135,603

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

 

 
(6,471
)
 

 
(6,471
)
Net income attributable to William Lyon Homes
129,132

 
129,386

 
17,306

 
4,329

 
(151,021
)
 
129,132

Preferred stock dividends
(1,528
)
 

 

 

 

 
(1,528
)
Net income available to common stockholders
$
127,604

 
$
129,386

 
$
17,306

 
$
4,329

 
$
(151,021
)
 
$
127,604










F-29

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Period from February 25, 2012 through
December 31, 2012 (Successor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales
$

 
$
198,108

 
$
47,989

 
$
102,838

 
$

 
$
348,935

Construction services

 
23,825

 

 

 

 
23,825

Management fees

 
534

 

 

 
(534
)
 

 

 
222,467

 
47,989

 
102,838

 
(534
)
 
372,760

Operating costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales

 
(163,083
)
 
(41,516
)
 
(93,924
)
 
534

 
(297,989
)
Construction services

 
(21,416
)
 

 

 

 
(21,416
)
Sales and marketing

 
(10,705
)
 
(2,617
)
 
(606
)
 

 
(13,928
)
General and administrative

 
(25,872
)
 
(221
)
 
(2
)
 

 
(26,095
)
Amortization of intangible assets

 
(5,757
)
 

 

 

 
(5,757
)
Other

 
(3,027
)
 
(2
)
 
120

 

 
(2,909
)
 

 
(229,860
)
 
(44,356
)
 
(94,412
)
 
534

 
(368,094
)
(Loss) income from subsidiaries
(8,859
)
 
11,681

 

 

 
(2,822
)
 

Operating (loss) income
(8,859
)
 
4,288

 
3,633

 
8,426

 
(2,822
)
 
4,666

Loss on extinguishment of debt

 
(1,392
)
 

 

 

 
(1,392
)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

 
(9,227
)
 

 
100

 

 
(9,127
)
Other income (expense), net

 
618

 
(61
)
 
971

 

 
1,528

(Loss) income before reorganization items and provision for income taxes
(8,859
)
 
(5,713
)
 
3,572

 
9,497

 
(2,822
)
 
(4,325
)
Reorganization items, net

 
(3,073
)
 
1

 
547

 

 
(2,525
)
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes
(8,859
)
 
(8,786
)
 
3,573

 
10,044

 
(2,822
)
 
(6,850
)
Provision for income taxes

 
(11
)
 

 

 

 
(11
)
Net (loss) income
(8,859
)
 
(8,797
)
 
3,573

 
10,044

 
(2,822
)
 
(6,861
)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 
(1,998
)
 

 
(1,998
)
Net (loss) income attributable to William Lyon Homes
(8,859
)
 
(8,797
)
 
3,573

 
8,046

 
(2,822
)
 
(8,859
)
Preferred stock dividends
(2,743
)
 

 

 

 

 
(2,743
)
Net (loss) income available to common stockholders
$
(11,602
)
 
$
(8,797
)
 
$
3,573

 
$
8,046

 
$
(2,822
)
 
$
(11,602
)

 

F-30

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Period from January 1, 2012 through
February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home sales
$

 
$
10,024

 
$
4,316

 
$
2,347

 
$

 
$
16,687

Construction services

 
8,883

 

 

 

 
8,883

Management fees

 
110

 

 

 
(110
)
 

 

 
19,017

 
4,316

 
2,347

 
(110
)
 
25,570

Operating costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales — homes

 
(8,819
)
 
(3,820
)
 
(2,069
)
 
110

 
(14,598
)
Construction services

 
(8,223
)
 

 

 

 
(8,223
)
Sales and marketing

 
(1,496
)
 
(260
)
 
(188
)
 

 
(1,944
)
General and administrative

 
(3,246
)
 
(56
)
 

 

 
(3,302
)
Other

 
(16
)
 

 
(171
)
 

 
(187
)
 

 
(21,800
)
 
(4,136
)
 
(2,428
)
 
110

 
(28,254
)
Income from subsidiaries
228,383

 
11,536

 

 

 
(239,919
)
 

Operating income (loss)
228,383

 
8,753

 
180

 
(81
)
 
(239,919
)
 
(2,684
)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

 
(2,407
)
 

 
(100
)
 

 
(2,507
)
Other income (expense), net

 
266

 
(25
)
 
(11
)
 

 
230

Income (loss) before reorganization items and provision for income taxes
228,383

 
6,612

 
155

 
(192
)
 
(239,919
)
 
(4,961
)
Reorganization items

 
221,796

 
(1
)
 
11,663

 

 
233,458

Income before provision for income taxes
228,383

 
228,408

 
154

 
11,471

 
(239,919
)
 
228,497

Provision for income taxes

 

 

 

 

 

Net income
228,383

 
228,408

 
154

 
11,471

 
(239,919
)
 
228,497

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 
(114
)
 

 
(114
)
Net income attributable to William Lyon Homes
$
228,383

 
$
228,408

 
$
154

 
$
11,357

 
$
(239,919
)
 
$
228,383


 

F-31

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)
Year Ended December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating revenue
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home sales
$

 
$
176,992

 
$
19,954

 
$
10,109

 
$

 
$
207,055

Construction services

 
19,768

 

 

 

 
19,768

Management fees

 
468

 

 

 
(468
)
 

 

 
197,228

 
19,954

 
10,109

 
(468
)
 
226,823

Operating costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of sales

 
(162,148
)
 
(18,225
)
 
(8,818
)
 
468

 
(188,723
)
Impairment loss on real estate assets

 
(70,742
)
 

 
(57,572
)
 

 
(128,314
)
Construction services

 
(18,164
)
 

 

 

 
(18,164
)
Sales and marketing

 
(14,528
)
 
(1,318
)
 
(1,002
)
 

 
(16,848
)
General and administrative

 
(22,070
)
 
(340
)
 
(1
)
 

 
(22,411
)
Other

 
(2,979
)
 

 
(1,004
)
 

 
(3,983
)
 

 
(290,631
)
 
(19,883
)
 
(68,397
)
 
468

 
(378,443
)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures

 
3,605

 

 

 

 
3,605

Loss from subsidiaries
(193,330
)
 
(59,588
)
 

 

 
252,918

 

Operating (loss) income
(193,330
)
 
(149,386
)
 
71

 
(58,288
)
 
252,918

 
(148,015
)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized

 
(23,639
)
 

 
(890
)
 

 
(24,529
)
Other income (expense), net

 
1,018

 
(131
)
 
(49
)
 

 
838

Loss before reorganization items and provision for income taxes
(193,330
)
 
(172,007
)
 
(60
)
 
(59,227
)
 
252,918

 
(171,706
)
Reorganization items

 
(21,182
)
 

 

 

 
(21,182
)
Loss before provision for income taxes
(193,330
)
 
(193,189
)
 
(60
)
 
(59,227
)
 
252,918

 
(192,888
)
Provision for income taxes

 
(10
)
 

 

 

 
(10
)
Net loss
(193,330
)
 
(193,199
)
 
(60
)
 
(59,227
)
 
252,918

 
(192,898
)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 
(432
)
 

 
(432
)
Net loss attributable to William Lyon Homes
$
(193,330
)
 
$
(193,199
)
 
$
(60
)
 
$
(59,659
)
 
$
252,918

 
$
(193,330
)
 


 

F-32

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, 2013 (Successor)
(in thousands)
 

 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$

 
$
(164,848
)
 
$
15,759

 
$
(25,445
)
 
$

 
$
(174,534
)
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment

 
(3,651
)
 
(104
)
 
1

 

 
(3,754
)
Investments in subsidiaries

 
35,574

 

 

 
(35,574
)
 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 
31,923

 
(104
)
 
1

 
(35,574
)
 
(3,754
)
Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

 
18,969

 
1,762

 
52,879

 

 
73,610

Proceeds from issurance of 8 1/2% Senior Notes

 
106,500

 

 

 

 
106,500

Principal payments on notes payable

 
(30,735
)
 

 
(34,302
)
 

 
(65,037
)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock

 
163,685

 

 

 

 
163,685

Payment of deferred loan costs

 
(4,060
)
 

 

 

 
(4,060
)
Payment of preferred stock dividends

 
(2,550
)
 

 

 

 
(2,550
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions

 

 

 
37,184

 

 
37,184

Noncontrolling interest distributions

 

 

 
(30,447
)
 

 
(30,447
)
Advances to affiliates

 

 
362

 
(17,914
)
 
17,552

 

Intercompany receivables/payables

 
(21,744
)
 
(17,816
)
 
21,538

 
18,022

 

Net cash provided (used in) by financing activities

 
230,065

 
(15,692
)
 
28,938

 
35,574

 
278,885

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 
97,140

 
(37
)
 
3,494

 

 
100,597

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 
69,376

 
65

 
1,634

 

 
71,075

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$

 
$
166,516

 
$
28

 
$
5,128

 
$

 
$
171,672

















F-33

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Period from February 25, 2012 through
December 31, 2012 (Successor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$

 
$
(72,014
)
 
$
3,579

 
$
118,428

 
$

 
$
49,993

Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net

 
(33,201
)
 

 

 

 
(33,201
)
Purchases of property and equipment

 
(271
)
 
(20
)
 
(21
)
 

 
(312
)
Investments in subsidiaries

 
(84,828
)
 

 

 
84,828

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 
(118,300
)
 
(20
)
 
(21
)
 
84,828

 
(33,513
)
Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable

 
7,809

 

 
5,439

 

 
13,248

Proceeds from issurance of 8 1/2% Senior Notes

 
325,000

 

 

 

 
325,000

Principal payments on notes payable

 
(3,994
)
 

 
(69,682
)
 

 
(73,676
)
Principal payments on Senior Secured Term Loan

 
(235,000
)
 

 

 

 
(235,000
)
Principal payments on Senior Subordinated Secured Notes

 
(75,916
)
 

 

 

 
(75,916
)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

 
14,000

 

 

 

 
14,000

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

 
16,000

 

 

 

 
16,000

Payment of deferred loan costs

 
(7,181
)
 

 

 

 
(7,181
)
Payment of preferred stock dividends

 
(1,721
)
 

 

 

 
(1,721
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions

 

 

 
15,313

 

 
15,313

Noncontrolling interest distributions

 

 

 
(16,004
)
 

 
(16,004
)
Advances to affiliates

 

 
3

 
78,817

 
(78,820
)
 

Intercompany receivables/payables

 
144,535

 
(3,549
)
 
(134,978
)
 
(6,008
)
 

Net cash provided (used in) by financing activities

 
183,532

 
(3,546
)
 
(121,095
)
 
(84,828
)
 
(25,937
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 
(6,782
)
 
13

 
(2,688
)
 

 
(9,457
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 
76,158

 
52

 
4,322

 

 
80,532

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$

 
$
69,376

 
$
65

 
$
1,634

 
$

 
$
71,075


 

F-34

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Period from January 1, 2012 through
February 24, 2012 (Predecessor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$

 
$
(13,638
)
 
$
181

 
$
(3,864
)
 
$

 
$
(17,321
)
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment

 
(419
)
 
(3
)
 
422

 

 

Investments in subsidiaries

 
183

 

 

 
(183
)
 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

 
(236
)
 
(3
)
 
422

 
(183
)
 

Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal payments on notes payable

 
(116
)
 

 
(500
)
 

 
(616
)
Proceeds from reorganization

 
30,971

 

 

 

 
30,971

Proceeds from issuance of convertible preferred stock

 
50,000

 

 

 

 
50,000

Proceeds from debtor in possession financing

 
5,000

 

 

 

 
5,000

Principal payment of debtor in possession financing

 
(5,000
)
 

 

 

 
(5,000
)
Payment of deferred loan costs

 
(2,491
)
 

 

 

 
(2,491
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions

 

 

 
1,825

 

 
1,825

Noncontrolling interest distributions

 

 

 
(1,897
)
 

 
(1,897
)
Advances to affiliates

 

 

 
(4
)
 
4

 

Intercompany receivables/payables

 
(2,665
)
 
(173
)
 
2,659

 
179

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 
75,699

 
(173
)
 
2,083

 
183

 
77,792

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 
61,825

 
5

 
(1,359
)
 

 
60,471

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 
14,333

 
47

 
5,681

 

 
20,061

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$

 
$
76,158

 
$
52

 
$
4,322

 
$

 
$
80,532


 

F-35

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION)
Year Ended December, 2011 (Predecessor)
(in thousands)
 
 
Unconsolidated
 
 
 
 
 
Delaware
Lyon
 
California
Lyon
 
Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Non-Guarantor
Subsidiaries
 
Eliminating
Entries
 
Consolidated
Company
Operating activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
$

 
$
127,757

 
$
87

 
$
(166,495
)
 
$

 
$
(38,651
)
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures

 
1,435

 

 

 

 
1,435

Purchases of property and equipment

 
725

 
(131
)
 
(722
)
 

 
(128
)
Investments in subsidiaries

 
29,412

 

 

 
(29,412
)
 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 
31,572

 
(131
)
 
(722
)
 
(29,412
)
 
1,307

Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal payments on notes payable

 
(82,531
)
 

 
70,999

 

 
(11,532
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions

 

 

 
6,605

 

 
6,605

Noncontrolling interest distributions

 

 

 
(8,954
)
 

 
(8,954
)
Advances to affiliates

 

 
(3
)
 
(29,341
)
 
29,344

 

Intercompany receivables/payables

 
(131,964
)
 
(37
)
 
131,933

 
68

 

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 
(214,495
)
 
(40
)
 
171,242

 
29,412

 
(13,881
)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 
(55,166
)
 
(84
)
 
4,025

 

 
(51,225
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 
69,499

 
131

 
1,656

 

 
71,286

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$

 
$
14,333

 
$
47

 
$
5,681

 
$

 
$
20,061


 


F-36

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Note 11—Fair Value of Financial Instruments
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure, (“ASC 820”) the Company is required to disclose the estimated fair value of financial instruments. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company used the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of each type of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate:

8  1/2% Senior Notes—The 8  1/2% Senior Notes are traded over the counter and their fair values were based upon quotes from industry sources;
Notes Payable—The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value of the notes payable because the loans were entered into during the final quarter of the year and/or the outstanding balance at year end is expected to be repaid within one year;

The following table excludes cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, receivables and accounts payable, which had fair values approximating their carrying amounts due to the short maturities and liquidity of these instruments. The estimated fair values of financial instruments are as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 1/2% Senior Notes due 2020
$
431,295

 
$
466,877

 
$
325,000

 
$
338,000

Notes payable
$
38,060

 
$
38,060

 
$
13,248

 
$
13,248

ASC 820 establishes a framework for measuring fair value, expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements and defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires the Company to maximize the use of observable market inputs, minimize the use of unobservable market inputs and disclose in the form of an outlined hierarchy the details of such fair value measurements. The Company used Level 3 to measure the fair value of its Notes Payable, and Level 2 to measure the fair value of its 8 1/2% Senior Notes. ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to a fair value measurement are considered to be observable or unobservable in a marketplace. The three levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1—quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
Level 2—quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and 
Level 3—valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.









F-37

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


The following table represents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance for the Company’s Level 3 fair value measurements:
 
 
Notes
Payable
 
Senior
Secured
Term Loan
 
(in thousands)
Fair Value at December 31, 2011 (Predecessor)
$
74,009

 
$
235,000

Repayments of principal (1)
(74,009
)
 
(235,000
)
Borrowings of principal (2)
13,248

 

Fair Value at December 31, 2012 (Successor)
$
13,248

 
$

Repayments of principal (1)
(65,037
)
 

Borrowings of principal (2)
89,849

 

Fair Value at December 31, 2013 (Successor)
$
38,060

 
$

 

(1)
Represents the actual amount of principal repaid
(2)
Represents the actual amount of principal borrowed
Non-financial Instruments
The Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 820 in 2008, however, disclosure of certain non-financial portions of the statement were deferred until the 2009 reporting period. These non-financial homebuilding assets are those assets for which the Company recorded valuation adjustments during 2011 on a nonrecurring basis. See Note 7, “Real Estate Inventories” for further discussion of the valuation of real estate inventories.
The following table summarizes the fair-value measurements of its non-financial assets for the year ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
Fair Value
Hierarchy
 
Fair Value at
Measurement
Date(1)
 
Impairment
Charges
for the Year Ended
December 31,
2011(1)
 
(in thousands)
Land under development and homes completed and under construction(2)
Level 3
 
$
94,751

 
$
34,835

Inventory held for future development(3)
Level 3
 
$
74,146

 
$
93,479

 
(1)
Amounts represent the aggregate fair values for communities where the Company recognized noncash inventory impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2011.
(2)
In accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-35, inventory under this caption with a carrying value of $129.6 million was written down to its fair value of $94.8 million, resulting in total impairments of $34.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2011.
(3)
In accordance with FASB ASC 360-10-35, inventory under this caption with a carrying value of $167.6 million was written down to its fair value of $74.1 million, resulting in total impairments of $93.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2011.
 
Fair values determined to be Level 3 include the use of internal assumptions, estimates and financial forecasts. Valuations of these items are therefore sensitive to the assumptions used. Fair values represent the Company’s best estimates as of the measurement date, based on conditions existing and information available at the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements. Subsequent changes in conditions or information available may change assumptions and estimates, as outlined in more detail within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Fair values determined using Level 3 inputs, were primarily based on the estimated future cash flows discounted for inherent risk associated with each asset. These discounted cash flows are impacted by: the risk-free rate of return; expected risk premium based on estimated land development; construction and delivery timelines; market risk from potential future price erosion; cost

F-38

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


uncertainty due to development or construction cost increases; and other risks specific to the asset or conditions in the market in which the asset is located at the time the assessment is made.
In addition, for the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company engaged a third-party valuation advisor to assess values of market comparables on land held for future development. These factors are specific to each community and may vary among communities.
Note 12—Related Party Transactions
For the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company incurred reimbursable on-site labor costs of $15,000, $27,000 , $276,000, and $318,000, respectively, for providing customer service to real estate projects developed by entities controlled by William Lyon and William H. Lyon. At December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, $13,000 and $7,000, respectively, was due to the Company for reimbursable on-site labor costs, all of which was paid.

In October 2013, the Company acquired certain finished and unfinished lots at a master planned community located in Aurora, Colorado, for a cash purchase price of approximately $20.0 million, from an entity managed by an affiliate of Paulson and Co. Inc. ("Paulson"). The Company participated in a competitive bidding process for the lots and the Company believes that the acquisition was on terms no less favorable than it would have agreed to with unrelated parties.
Effective April 1, 2011 upon approval by the Company’s board of directors at that time, the Company and an entity controlled by General William Lyon and William H. Lyon entered into a Human Resources and Payroll Services contract to provide that the affiliate will pay the Company a base monthly fee of $21,335 and a variable monthly fee equal to $23 multiplied by the number of active employees employed by such entity (which will initially result in a variable monthly fee of approximately $8,000). The amended contract also provides that the Company will be reimbursed by such affiliate for a pro rata share of any bonuses paid to the Company’s Human Resources staff (other than any bonus paid to the Vice President of Human Resources). The Company believes that the compensation being paid to it for the services provided to the affiliate is at a market rate of compensation, and that as a result of the fees that are paid to the Company under this contract, the overall cost to the Company of its Human Resources department will be reduced. The Company earned fees of $52,000 and $180,000, during the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, respectively, and fees of $362,000 during the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively, related to this agreement. This contract expired on August 31, 2012 and was not renewed. Any future services provided to the affiliate will be on an as needed basis and will be paid for based on an hourly rate.
On September 3, 2009, Presley CMR, Inc., a California corporation (“Presley CMR”) and wholly owned subsidiary of California Lyon, entered into an Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement (“PSA”) with an affiliate of General William Lyon to sell an aircraft. The PSA provided for an aggregate purchase price for the Aircraft of $8.3 million, (which value was the appraised fair market value of the Aircraft), which consisted of: (i) cash in the amount of $2.1 million to be paid at closing and (ii) a promissory note from the affiliate in the amount of $6.2 million. The note is secured by the Aircraft. As part of the Company’s fresh start accounting, the note was adjusted to its fair value of $5.2 million. The discount on the fresh start adjustment is amortized over the remaining life of the note. The note requires semiannual interest payments to California Lyon of approximately $132,000. The note is due in September 2016.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011 the Company incurred charges of $197,000, $118,000 and $668,000, and $786,000, respectively, related to rent on its corporate office, from a trust of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary. The lease expired in March 2013 and the Company relocated its corporate office upon expiration of the lease. The Company has entered into a lease for the new location with an unrelated third party.
Note 13—Income Taxes
Since inception, the Company has operated solely within the United States.

The following summarizes the benefit (provision) from income taxes (in thousands):

 
 

F-39

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
2013
 
2011
Current
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
$
(12,156
)
 
$

 
$

 
$

State
(1,132
)
 
(11
)
 

 
(10
)
Deferred
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
74,000

 

 

 

State
21,590

 

 

 

 
$
82,302

 
$
(11
)
 
$

 
$
(10
)
Income taxes differ from the amounts computed by applying the applicable federal statutory rates due to the following (in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
2013
 
2011
(Provision) benefit for federal income taxes at the statutory rate
$
(18,656
)
 
$
3,098

 
$
(79,935
)
 
$
67,662

Increases/(decreases) in tax resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for state income taxes, net of federal income tax benefits
13,297

 
(7
)
 

 
(6
)
Change in valuation allowance
153,526

 
(2,195
)
 
(14,991
)
 
(66,265
)
Nondeductible items-reorganization costs

 
(709
)
 
94,925

 
(1,379
)
Nondeductible items-other
2,778

 
(194
)
 
(3
)
 
(22
)
Cancellation of indebtedness attribute reduction
(70,993
)
 

 

 

Other, net (1)
2,350

 
(4
)
 
4

 

 
$
82,302

 
$
(11
)
 
$

 
$
(10
)
 
(1) Consists primarily of amounts relating to the acquisition of the Company's Colorado segment, and the write-off of certain historical deferred amounts.    

Temporary differences giving rise to deferred income taxes consist of the following (in thousands):
 

F-40

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Deferred tax assets
 
 
 
Impairment and other reserves
$
79,454

 
$
73,947

Compensation deductible for tax purposes when paid
5,430

 
987

State income tax provisions deductible when paid for federal tax purposes
309

 
4

Effect of book/tax differences for joint ventures

 
1,002

Effect of book/tax differences for capitalized interest/general and administrative
308

 

Goodwill and other intangibles
2,176

 

AMT credit carryover
1,384

 
2,698

Unused recognized built-in loss
25,914

 
16,349

Net operating loss
3,545

 
113,314

Valuation allowance
(3,959
)
 
(200,048
)
Other
817

 
318

 
115,378

 
8,571

Deferred tax liabilities
 
 
 
Effect of book/tax differences for joint ventures
(6,077
)
 
(5,597
)
Effect of book/tax differences for capitalized interest/general and administrative
(9,568
)
 
(2,974
)
Compensation deductible for tax purposes when paid
(842
)
 

Fixed assets and intangibles
(2,518
)
 

Other
(793
)
 

 
(19,798
)
 
(8,571
)
Total deferred tax assets, net
$
95,580

 
$

Management assesses its deferred tax assets quarterly to determine whether all or any portion of the asset is more likely than not unrealizable under ASC 740. The Company is required to establish a valuation allowance for any portion of the asset that management concludes is more likely than not to be unrealizable. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. The Company's assessment considers all evidence, both positive and negative, including the nature, frequency and severity of our current and cumulative losses, taxable income in carry back years, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies, and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recognized a $95.6 million income tax benefit that resulted from the reversal of all but $4.0 million of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance. The Company concluded this reversal was appropriate after determining that it was more likely than not that we would be able to realize the full amount of this income tax benefit as management believes the Company will generate sufficient taxable income to realize these deferred tax assets.
The Company's analysis demonstrated that even under the stress tested forecasts of future results which considered the potential impact of the negative evidence noted above, the Company would continue to generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the majority of its deferred tax assets. This fact, coupled with other positive evidence described above, significantly outweighed the negative evidence and based on this analysis management concluded, in accordance with ASC 740, that it was more likely than not that the majority of its deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2013 would be realized.    

The remaining valuation allowance at December 31, 2013 relates to projected excess realized built-in-losses and state net operating losses which may expire unused. For the year ended December 31, 2012, due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of the cumulative federal and state deferred tax assets, the Company had a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets for the year in the amount of $200.0 million (of which $80.7 million were reduced due to attribution reduction which was required as a result of the 2012 cancellation of indebtedness event).
At December 31, 2013, the Company had no remaining federal net operating loss carryforwards and $78.0 million remaining state net operating loss carryforwards. State net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2014. In addition, as of December 31, 2013, the Company had unused federal and state built-in losses of $67.6 million and $37.7 million,

F-41

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


respectively. The 5 year testing period for built-in losses expires in 2017 and the unused built-in loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2033. The Company had AMT credit carryovers of $1.4 million at December 31, 2013, which had an indefinite life.
The Company’s effective income tax rate was (154.5)%, 0.01%, and 0.0% for the year ended December 31, 2013 the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, respectively. The primary driver of the Company’s effective tax rate was the release of the majority of the valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. Other factors impacting the effective rate included the Company’s positive operating results, the estimated domestic productions activities deduction, the reduction of tax attributes described below related to the emergence from bankruptcy, and adjustments related to the filing of the 2012 Federal tax return.
In connection with the Company’s emergence from the Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, the Company experienced an “ownership change” as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, or the IRC, as of February 25, 2012. Section 382 of the IRC contains rules that limit the ability of a company that undergoes an “ownership change” to utilize its net operating loss carryforwards and certain built-in losses or deductions recognized during the five-year period after the ownership change. The Company is able to retain a portion of its U.S. federal and state net operating loss, built in losses and tax credit carryforwards, or the “Tax Attributes”, in connection with the ownership change. However, the IRC Sections 382 and 383 provide an annual limitation with respect to the ability of a corporation to utilize its Tax Attributes against future U.S. taxable income in the event of a change in ownership. In the Company’s situation, the limitation under the IRC is based on the value of the equity (for purposes of the applicable tax rules) on or immediately following the time of emergence. As a result, the Company’s future U.S. taxable income may not be fully offset by the Tax Attributes if such income exceeds the Company’s annual limitation of $3.6 million during the 20 year carryforward period allowed under tax law, and the Company may incur a tax liability with respect to such income. In addition, subsequent changes in ownership for purposes of the IRC could further diminish the Company’s ability to utilize Tax Attributes.
In addition to the impact on Tax Attributes listed above, the Company is also subject to Tax Attribute reduction pursuant to various provisions contained in IRC Section 108(e) related to the Company’s issuance of 5,429,485 shares of Parent’s new Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, and a $75 million principal amount 12% Senior Subordinated Secured Note due 2017, issued by California Lyon in conjunction with the Company’s restructure, in exchange for the claims held by the holders of the formerly outstanding notes of California Lyon. These transactions resulted in Cancellation of Debt (COD) income for income tax purposes of approximately $203 million. IRC Section 108(a)(1)(A) provides that COD income is excluded from gross income when the discharge occurs in a Title 11 case under the jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court. However, pursuant to IRC Section 108(b)(1), if COD income is excluded due to the application of the bankruptcy exception, the amount of excluded COD income must generally be applied to reduce certain tax attributes of the debtor. In general, such attributes would normally be reduced in the following order: (1) net operating losses (current and carryforward); (2) general business tax credits; (3) minimum tax credits; (4) capital loss carryovers; (5) tax basis of the taxpayer’s assets; (6) passive activity losses and credit carryovers; and (7) foreign tax credit carryovers. This Tax Attribute reduction occurred on January 1, 2013, and resulted in a $69.2 million reduction to the value of our net operating losses with an offsetting reduction to our deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
Under a provision of the federal tax code which was clarified in July 2013 by a final treasury regulation, the Company employed a tax strategy in its 2012 federal tax return to utilize its federal NOLs by electing to accelerate the recognition of a deferred gain, resulting in positive taxable income and a tax liability for the 2012 tax year. This additional liability and tax provision of approximately $1.2 million was recognized with the filing of the 2012 income tax returns in 2013.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”) which is now codified as FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement criterion for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be considered more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company records interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of the provision for income taxes. The Company has no unrecognized tax benefits.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax examination for calendar tax years ending 2010 through 2013. The Company is subject to various state income tax examinations for calendar tax years ending 2009 through 2013. The Company does not have any tax examinations currently in progress.


F-42

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Note 14—Business Combination
The Company acquired 100% of various entities which operate under the Village Homes brand (“Village Homes”) in the Denver metropolitan area, Fort Collins, and Granby, Colorado markets on December 7, 2012. The purchase price was $33.2 million in cash and the acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. Village Homes immediately began operating as a division of the Company, as its Colorado segment. The Village Homes brand was established in 1984 and has been a leading developer and builder of move-up homes, selling more than 10,000 homes in the Denver area over the past 25 years. The acquisition of Village Homes allowed the Company to expand into the Denver market, one of the largest and fastest growing housing markets in the United States, adding a fifth region while diversifying the Company’s existing portfolio. The acquisition eliminated lead-time and start-up costs of expanding into a new market, and provided a platform that can grow significantly without the need for additional general and administrative expenses.
The assets and liabilities acquired through the purchase of Village Homes were as follows (in thousands):
 
Real estate inventories owned
$
32,923

Other assets, net
1,463

Intangibles
907

Receivables
70

Accounts payable
(1,029
)
Accrued expenses
(1,133
)
Cash paid for acquisitions, net
$
33,201

 
In connection with the acquisition of Village Homes, the Company incurred acquisition related expenses of $0.2 million which are included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012.
For the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, and the year ended December 31, 2011, the below unaudited pro forma information has been prepared to give effect to the Village Homes acquisition as if it occurred on January 1, 2011 (in thousands except number of shares and per share data):
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
 
 
Predecessor
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2011
Revenue
$
405,635

 
 
$
28,521

 
$
261,933

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders
$
(9,617
)
 
 
$
228,074

 
$
(189,457
)
(Loss) income per common share, basic and diluted
$
(0.77
)
 
 
$
228,074

 
$
(189,457
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted
12,489,435

 
 
1,000

 
1,000

The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have been obtained had the acquisitions occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of future operating results.
Note 15—Income (Loss) Per Common Share
Basic and diluted (loss) income per common share for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011 were calculated as follows (in thousands, except number of shares and per share amounts):
 

F-43


 
Successor
 
 
Predecessor
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25
through
December 31,
2012
 
 
Period from
January 1
through
February 24,
2012
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
 
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding
24,736,841

 
12,489,435

 
 
1,000

 
1,000

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred shares, stock options, and warrants (1)
1,059,356

 

 
 
N/A

 
N/A

Diluted average shares outstanding
25,796,197

 
12,489,435

 
 
1,000

 
1,000

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
$
127,604

 
$
(11,602
)
 
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
Basic income (loss) per common share
$
5.16

 
$
(0.93
)
 
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
Dilutive income (loss) per common share
$
4.95

 
$
(0.93
)
 
 
$
228,383

 
$
(193,330
)
Antidilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted loss per common share (weighted average):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred shares
N/A

 
8,242,731

 
 
N/A

 
N/A

Vested stock options
N/A

 
384,428

 
 
N/A

 
N/A

Unvested stock options
N/A

 
192,214

 
 
N/A

 
N/A

Warrants
N/A

 
1,907,551

 
 
N/A

 
N/A

 
(1)
For periods with a net loss, all potentially dilutive shares related to the preferred shares, options to acquire common stock, and warrants were excluded from the diluted loss per common share calculations because the effect of their inclusion would be antidilutive, or would decrease the reported loss per common share.
Note 16—Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of shares of Class A Common Stock. In connection with the initial public offering, the Company completed a common stock recapitalization which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Reverse Split”), the conversion of all outstanding shares of Parent’s Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. As a result, on May 21, 2013 all outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred stock were converted to Class A Common Stock. The Company had no outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred Stock at December 31, 2013 .
As of December 31, 2012, there were 9,334,030 shares of Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, or the Convertible Preferred Stock, outstanding, of which 7,858,404 shares were issued in accordance with our plan of reorganization, in exchange for aggregate cash consideration of $50.0 million. In conjunction with the application of fresh start accounting, the fair value of the Convertible Preferred Stock was $56.4 million upon emergence.
On October 12, 2012, the Company entered into a Subscription Agreement between the Company and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and investment vehicle managed by affiliates of Paulson & Co. Inc. (“Paulson”), pursuant to which, the Company issued to Paulson (i) 1,847,042 shares of Class A Common Stock, for $16.0 million in cash and (ii) 1,475,626 shares of the Company’s Convertible Preferred Stock, for $14.0 million in cash, for an aggregate purchase price of $30.0 million.
Holders of our Convertible Preferred Stock were entitled to receive cumulative dividends at a rate of 6% per annum consisting of (i) cash dividends at the rate of 4% paid quarterly in arrears, and (ii) accreting dividends accruing at the rate of 2% per annum (the “Convertible Preferred Dividends”). During the year ended December 31, 2013 and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the company recorded preferred stock dividends of $1.5 million and $2.7 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2013 and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, $2.6 million and $1.7 million were paid in cash, respectively. As of December 31, 2012 $0.9 million of accreting dividends were included in Convertible Preferred Stock.

F-44

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Note 17—Equity
Common Stock
As of December 31, 2013, the Company had 31,436,167 share of common stock outstanding. On May 21, 2013, the Company completed its initial public offering of 10,005,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, which consisted of 7,177,500 shares sold by the Company and 2,827,500 shares sold by the selling stockholder. The 10,005,000 shares in the offering were sold at a price to the public of $25.00 per share. The Company raised total net proceeds of approximately $163.7 million in the offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 190,000,000 shares, 150,000,000 of which are designated as Class A Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share, 30,000,000 of which are designated as Class B Common Stock with a par value of $0.01 per share and 10,000,000 of which are designated as preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share.
In connection with the initial public offering, Parent completed a common stock recapitalization which included a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class A Common Stock (the “Class A Reverse Split”), the conversion of all outstanding shares of Class C Common Stock, Class D Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock into Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis and as automatically adjusted for the Class A Reverse Split, and a 1-for-8.25 reverse stock split of its Class B Common Stock. The effect of the reverse stock split is retroactively applied to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2012, the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Equity, presented herein. Upon completion of the initial public offering, the Company had 27,146,036 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and restricted shares that have been granted but were unvested, and 3,813,884 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding, excluding shares underlying a warrant to purchase additional shares of Class B Common Stock. The warrant was amended to extend the term from 5 years to 10 years, and the warrant will now expire on February 24, 2022. The change to the warrant had no corresponding impact on the financial statements.
All of our outstanding shares of common stock have been validly issued and fully paid and are non-assessable. The rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of preferred stock, of which there are no shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2013. Holders of our common stock have no preference, exchange, sinking fund, redemption or appraisal rights and have no preemptive rights to subscribe for any of our securities.
The Company does not intend to declare or pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends to holders of our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors. The payment of cash dividends is restricted under the terms of our Amended and Restated Senior Secured Term Loan Agreement and the indenture governing the Notes.
In conjunction with the adoption of fresh start accounting, the Company allocated the fair market value of the common stock of $43.1 million as of February 24, 2012.
Warrants
The holders of Class B Common Stock hold warrants to purchase 1,907,551 shares of Class B Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.07 per share. The expiration date of the Class B Warrants is February 24, 2017. The Warrants were assigned a value of $1.0 million in conjunction with the adoption of fresh start accounting and are recorded in additional paid-in capital.
Note 18—Stock Based Compensation
In 2012, the Company adopted the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan was approved by the Board of Directors and the Company’s stockholders, and is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board. The provisions of the Plan allow for a variety of stock-based compensation awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, or SARs, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, deferred stock awards, deferred stock unit awards, dividend equivalent awards, stock payment awards and performance awards and other stock-based awards, to certain executives, directors, and non-executives of California Lyon. The Company believes that such awards provide a means of compensation to attract and retain qualified employees and better align the interests of our employees with those of our stockholders. Option awards are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price at the date of grant.

F-45

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Under the plan, 3,636,363 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock have been reserved for issuance. In 2013 and 2012, the Company granted an aggregate of 370,959 and 302,944, respectively, restricted shares of Class A common stock of the Company, and in 2012 the Company granted an aggregate of 576,651 stock options to purchase shares of Class A common stock of the Company, of which 135,197 represent “five-year” options and 441,454 represent “ten-year” options.
The five-year options were originally subject to mandatory exercise upon the earlier of an initial public offering (“IPO”) of the Company, or five years. The five-year options were modified during 2013 to extend the mandatory exercise period to the first open trading window under the Company’s Insider Trading Policy immediately following the release of earnings results for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2013 (and for the subsequent fiscal year for any unvested tranches as of such date). The resulting incremental compensation cost recognized as a result of the modification was negligible.
The five-year options and ten-year options will be incentive stock options to the maximum extent permitted by law. Each of the restricted stock and option awards vests as follows: 50% of the shares and options vested on October 1, 2012, the date of grant, with the remaining 50% of the shares and options vesting in three equal installments on each of December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014, subject to the recipient’s continued employment through the applicable vesting date and accelerated vesting as set forth in the applicable award agreement. In addition, the Company granted 31,091 shares of Restricted Stock to its non-employee directors, which were fully vested on the date of grant. Each of the performace based restricted stock awards vests as follows: one-third of the shares of performance based restricted stock will vest on each of the first, second, and third anniversaries of the grant date, subject to the Company's achievement of a pre-established return on equity target as of the end of the 2013 fiscal fiscal year and each of the officer's continued service through each vesting date. All performance targets were met during 2013.
The Company uses the fair value method of accounting for stock options granted to employees which requires us to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for the stock options, based on the grant date fair value of the award. The fair value of the awards is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The resulting cost is recognized on a straight line basis over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period.
 
The fair value of each employee option awarded was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions.
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from
February 25, 2012
through December 31, 2012
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
 
 
 
Expected dividend yield
N/A
 
%
 
N/A
Risk-free interest rate
N/A
 
0.55
%
 
N/A
Expected volatility
N/A
 
79
%
 
N/A
Expected life (in years)
N/A
 
4.73

 
N/A
The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires inputs such as the risk-free interest rate, expected term and expected volatility. Further, the forfeiture rate also affects the amount of aggregate compensation. These inputs are subjective and generally require significant judgment.
The risk-free interest rate that we use is based on the United States Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant for zero coupon United States Treasury notes with maturities approximating each grant’s expected life. Given our limited history with employee grants, we use the “simplified” method in estimating the expected term for our employee grants. The “simplified” method is calculated as the average of the time-to-vesting and the contractual life of the options. Our expected volatility is derived from the historical volatilities of several unrelated public companies within the homebuilding industry, because we have no trading history on our common stock. When making the selections of our peer companies within the homebuilding industry to be used in the volatility calculation, we also considered the stage of development, size and financial leverage of potential comparable companies. We estimate our forfeiture rate based on an analysis of our actual forfeitures, of which we had none, and will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of the forfeiture rate based on actual forfeiture experience, analysis of employee turnover behavior and other factors.


F-46

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Summary of Stock Option Activity
Stock option activity under the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2013 and during the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 were as follows (there is no activity in prior periods as the options were granted in the fourth quarter of 2012):
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from February 25, 2012 through
December 31, 2012
 
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Options outstanding at beginning of year
576,651

 
$
8.66

 

 
N/A

Granted (1)

 
N/A

 
576,651

 
$
8.66

Exercised

 
N/A

 

 
N/A

Cancelled

 
N/A

 

 
N/A

Options outstanding at end of year
576,651

 
$
8.66

 
576,651

 
$
8.66

Options vested and expected to vest
576,651

 
$
8.66

 
576,651

 
$
8.66

Options exercisable at end of year (2)
480,571

 
$
8.66

 
384,441

 
$
8.66

Price range of options exercised
N/A

 
 
 
N/A

 
 
Price range of options outstanding
$
8.66

 
 
 
$
8.66

 
 
Total shares available for future grants at end of year
780,966

 
 
 
780,966

 
 
 
(1)
The weighted average grant date fair value of the stock options was $5.28
(2)
The fair value of shares vested during the year ended December 31, 2013, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 was $1.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about stock options that are outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2013:
Outstanding
 
Exercisable
Exercise Price
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
$
8.66

 
576,651

 
3.20
 
$
7,773,255

 
480,571

 
3.20
 
$
6,478,097

The following table summarizes information associated with stock options granted to executives, directors, and non-executives that are vested and expected to vest in future reporting periods:
 
 
As of December 31, 2013
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Executives
541,569

 
$
8.66

 
 
 
 
Directors

 
N/A

 
 
 
 
Non-Executives
35,082

 
$
8.66

 
 
 
 
Total
576,651

 
$
8.66

 
3.20
 
$
7,773,255

The following table summarizes information associated with stock options granted to executives, directors, and non-executives that are exercisable at December 31, 2013:
 

F-47

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


 
As of December 31, 2013
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Executives
450,637

 
$
8.66

 
 
 


Directors

 
N/A

 
 
 


Non-Executives
29,934

 
$
8.66

 
 
 


Total
480,571

 
$
8.66

 
3.2
 
$
6,478,097

Summary of Nonvested (Restricted) Shares Activity

During the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had the following activity relating to grants of restricted common stock: 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Period from February 25, 2012
through December 31, 2012
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares at beginning of year
109,850

 
$
8.66

 

 
N/A

Granted
79,509

 
14.56

 
302,944

 
$
8.66

Vested
(89,698
)
 
10.74

 
(193,094
)
 
8.66

Canceled

 

 

 
N/A

Non-vested shares at end of year
99,661

 
$
11.49

 
109,850

 
$
8.66



During the year ended December 31, 2013 the Company had the following activity relating to grants of performance based restricted common stock: 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares at beginning of year

 
$

Granted
291,450

 
14.03

Vested

 

Canceled

 

Non-vested shares at end of year
291,450

 
$
14.03

In conjunction with the issuance of the equity grants in for the year ended December 31, 2013 and the period from February 25 through December 31, 2012, the Company recorded stock based compensation expense of $3.8 million and $3.7 million , respectively, which is included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations. There was no stock based compensation expense recognized in the year ended December 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2013, $3.5 million of total unrecognized stock based compensation expense is expected to be recognized as an expense by the Company in the future over a weighted average period of 1.1 years. The total value of restricted stock awards which fully vested during the year ended December 31, 2013, and the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012 was $1.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $0.7 million related to stock based compensation.



F-48

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Note 19—Commitments and Contingencies
The Company’s commitments and contingent liabilities include the usual obligations incurred by real estate developers in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, these matters will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
The Company is a defendant in various lawsuits related to its normal business activities. We believe that the accruals we have recorded for probable and reasonably estimable losses with respect to these proceedings are adequate and that, as of December 31, 2013, it was not reasonably possible that an additional material loss had been incurred in an amount in excess of the estimated amounts already recognized on our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our accruals for litigation and regulatory proceedings at least quarterly and, as appropriate, adjust them to reflect (i) the facts and circumstances known to us at the time, including information regarding negotiations, settlements, rulings and other relevant events and developments; (ii) the advice and analyses of counsel; and (iii) the assumptions and judgment of management. Similar factors and considerations are used in establishing new accruals for proceedings as to which losses have become probable and reasonably estimable at the time an evaluation is made. Based on our experience, we believe that the amounts that may be claimed or alleged against us in these proceedings are not a meaningful indicator of our potential liability. The outcome of any of these proceedings, including the defense and other litigation-related costs and expenses we may incur, however, is inherently uncertain and could differ significantly from the estimate reflected in a related accrual, if made. Therefore, it is possible that the ultimate outcome of any proceeding, if in excess of a related accrual or if no accrual had been made, could be material to our consolidated financial statements.
We have non-cancelable operating leases primarily associated with our office facilities. Rent expense under cancelable and non-cancelable operating leases totaled $1.9 million, $2.6 million, $0.7 million, and $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2013, the period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, the period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expense in our consolidated statements of operations for the respective periods. The table below shows the future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2013 (in thousands).
 
Year Ending December 31
 
2014
$
1,951

2015
1,221

2016
898

2017
882

2018
875

Thereafter
2,831

Total
$
8,658

In some jurisdictions in which the Company develops and constructs property, assessment district bonds are issued by municipalities to finance major infrastructure improvements. As a land owner benefited by these improvements, the Company is responsible for the assessments on its land. When properties are sold, the assessments are either prepaid or the buyers assume the responsibility for the related assessments. Assessment district bonds issued after May 21, 1992 are accounted for under the provisions of EITF 91-10, “Accounting for Special Assessment and Tax Increment Financing Entities” issued by the Emerging Issues Task Force of the Financial Accounting Standards Board on May 21, 1992, now codified as FASB ASC Topic 970-470, Real Estate—Debt, and recorded as liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, if the amounts are fixed and determinable.
As of December 31, 2013, the Company had $0.9 million in deposits as collateral for outstanding irrevocable standby letters of credit to guarantee the Company’s financial obligations under certain contractual arrangements in the normal course of business. The standby letters of credit were secured by cash as reflected as restricted cash on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The beneficiary may draw upon these letters of credit in the event of a contractual default by the Company relating to each respective obligation. These letters of credit generally have a stated term of one year and have varying maturities throughout 2014, at which time the Company may be required to renew to coincide with the term of the respective arrangement.
The Company also had outstanding performance and surety bonds of $69.9 million at December 31, 2013 related principally to its obligations for site improvements at various projects. The Company does not believe that draws upon these

F-49

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


bonds, if any, will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had $102.6 million of project commitments relating to the construction of projects.
The Company has provided unsecured environmental indemnities to certain lenders, joint venture partners and land sellers. In each case, the Company has performed due diligence on the potential environmental risks including obtaining an independent environmental review from outside environmental consultants. These indemnities obligate the Company to reimburse the guaranteed parties for damages related to environmental matters. There is no term or damage limitation on these indemnities; however, if an environmental matter arises, the Company could have recourse against other previous owners.
See Note 10 for additional information relating to the Company’s guarantee arrangements.
In addition to the land bank agreements discussed below, the Company has entered into various purchase option agreements with third parties to acquire land. As of December 31, 2013, the Company has made non-refundable deposits of $36.4 million. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the land, but would forfeit remaining deposits if the land were not purchased. The total purchase price under the option agreements is $289.7 million as of December 31, 2013.
Land Banking Arrangements
The Company enters into purchase agreements with various land sellers. As a method of acquiring land in staged takedowns, thereby minimizing the use of funds from the Company’s available cash or other corporate financing sources and limiting the Company’s risk, the Company transfers the Company’s right in such purchase agreements to entities owned by third parties (“land banking arrangements”). These entities use equity contributions and/or incur debt to finance the acquisition and development of the land. The entities grant the Company an option to acquire lots in staged takedowns. In consideration for this option, the Company makes a non-refundable deposit of 15% to 25% of the total purchase price. The Company is under no obligation to purchase the balance of the lots, but would forfeit existing deposits and could be subject to penalties if the lots were not purchased. The Company does not have legal title to these entities or their assets and has not guaranteed their liabilities. These land banking arrangements help the Company manage the financial and market risk associated with land holdings. ASC 810 requires the consolidation of the assets, liabilities and operations of the Company’s land banking arrangements that are VIEs, of which none existed at December 31, 2012.
The Company participates in one land banking arrangement, which is not a VIE in accordance with ASC 810, but which is consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 470, Debt (“ASC 470”). Under the provisions of ASC 470, the Company has determined it is economically compelled, based on certain factors, to purchase the land in the land banking arrangement. The Company has recorded the remaining purchase price of the land of $13.0 million which is included in real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2013, and represents the remaining net cash to be paid on the remaining land takedowns.
In 2012, the Company made additional deposits of $2.5 million. In conjunction with the deposits, the Company reduced real estate inventories not owned and liabilities from inventories not owned in the amount of $2.5 million.
Summary information with respect to the Company’s land banking arrangements is as follows as of the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Successor
 
December 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Total number of land banking projects
1

 
1

Total number of lots
610

 
610

Total purchase price
$
161,465

 
$
161,465

Balance of lots still under option and not purchased:
 
 
 
Number of lots
65

 
199

Purchase price
$
12,960

 
$
39,029

Forfeited deposits if lots are not purchased
$
9,210

 
$
27,734

 


F-50

WILLIAM LYON HOMES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)


Note 20—Subsequent Events
No events have occurred subsequent to December 31, 2013, that have required recognition or disclosure in the Company’s financial statements.

Note 21— Unaudited Summarized Quarterly Financial Information
Summarized unaudited quarterly financial information for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 is as follows (in thousands except per share data):
 
Successor
 
Three Months Ended
 
March 31,
2013
 
June 30,
2013
 
September 30,
2013
 
December 31,
2013
Sales
$
76,434

 
$
123,896

 
$
141,352

 
$
198,320

Cost of sales
(63,328
)
 
(99,485
)
 
(107,957
)
 
(149,418
)
Gross profit
13,106

 
24,411

 
33,395

 
48,902

Other income, costs and expenses, net
(15,579
)
 
(15,331
)
 
(22,715
)
 
69,414

Net (loss) income
(2,473
)
 
9,080

 
10,680

 
118,316

Net (loss) income available to common stockholders
$
(3,522
)
 
$
6,850

 
$
7,562

 
$
116,724

(Loss) income per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Basic
$
(0.25
)
 
$
0.31

 
$
0.24

 
$
3.77

     Diluted
$
(0.25
)
 
$
0.29

 
$
0.24

 
$
3.64



 
 
Predecessor
 
Successor
Period from
January 1
through
February  24,
2012
 
Period from
February 25
through
March  31,
2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
June 30,
2012
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2012
Sales
$
16,687

$
15,109

$
145,051

 
$
85,942

 
$
102,833

Cost of sales
(14,598
)
 
(13,063
)
 
(131,272
)
 
(70,795
)
 
(82,859
)
Gross profit
2,089

 
2,046

 
13,779

 
15,147

 
19,974

Other income, costs and expenses, net
226,408

 
(7,028
)
 
(14,836
)
 
(14,681
)
 
(21,262
)
Net income (loss)
228,497

 
(4,982
)
 
(1,057
)
 
466

 
(1,288
)
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders
$
228,383

 
$
(5,351
)
 
$
(2,550
)
 
$
(1,507
)
 
$
(2,194
)
Income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted
$
228,383

 
$
(0.50
)
 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
(0.12
)
 
$
(0.15
)
 


F-51


EXHIBIT INDEX
The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
3.1

 
Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
3.2

 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
4.1

 
Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., William Lyon Homes, and certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries (as guarantors) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2012).
 
 
 
4.2

 
Indenture (including form of 8.5% Senior Note due 2020), dated as of November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., William Lyon Homes, certain of William Lyon Homes’s subsidiaries (as guarantors) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 8, 2012).
 
 
 
4.3

 
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2013, among William Lyon Homes, Inc., NVH Development, LLC, NVH Parent, LLC, NVH INV, LLC, NVH WIP LLLP and NVHDEV-GP, Inc., and U.S. Bank National Bank Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2013).
 
 
 
4.4

 
Officers' certificate, dated October 24, 2013, delivered pursuant to the Indenture, and setting forth the terms of the notes (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2013).
 
 
 
10.1

 
Form of Indemnity Agreement, between William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation, and the directors and officers of William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
 
 
 
10.2

 
Property Management Agreement between Corporate Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation (Owner) and William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (Manager) dated and effective November 5, 1999 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
 
 
 
10.3

 
Warranty Service Agreement between Corporate Enterprises, Inc., a California corporation and William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation dated and effective November 5, 1999 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 1999).
 
 
 
10.4

 
Standard Industrial/Commercial Single-Tenant Lease-Net between William Lyon Homes, Inc. and a trust of which William H. Lyon is the sole beneficiary (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2000).
 
 
 
10.5

 
The Presley Companies Non-Qualified Retirement Plan for Outside Directors (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2002).
 
 
 
10.6

 
Sixth Extension and Modification Agreement dated December 30, 2011, by and between Circle G at the Church Farm North Joint Venture, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Registration Statement filed August 10, 2012 (File No. 333-183249)).



Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
10.7

 
Aircraft Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of September 3, 2009, by and between Presley CMR, Inc., and Martin Aviation, Inc., or its designee (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
 
 
 
10.8

 
Secured Promissory Note dated September 9, 2009 from Martin Aviation, Inc., a California corporation payable to William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
 
 
 
10.9

 
Aircraft Mortgage and Security Agreement between Martin Aviation, Inc., a California corporation and William Lyon Homes, Inc., dated as of September 9, 2009 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 10, 2009).
 
 
 
10.10†

 
Project Completion Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 20, 2010).
 
 
 
10.11

 
Form of Second Lien Notes Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, Inc. and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.12

 
Form of Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.13

 
Class B Common Stock and Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes and the Purchaser (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.14

 
Warrant to Purchase Shares of Class B Common Stock of William Lyon Homes, dated as of February 25, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.15

 
Class B Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.16

 
Form of Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes and the Holders party thereto (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.17†

 
Employment Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, William Lyon Homes, Inc. and General William Lyon (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.18†

 
Employment Agreement, dated as of February 25, 2012, by and among William Lyon Homes, William Lyon Homes, Inc. and William H. Lyon (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on March 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.19

 
Amended and Restated loan agreement, dated April 23, 2010, between Bank of the West, a California Banking Corporation, Mountain Falls, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company, and Mountain Falls Golf Course, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Commission on August 10, 2012).
 
 
 



Exhibit
Number
 
Description
10.20

 
Purchase and Sale Agreement and Joint Escrow Instructions, dated June 28, 2012, by and among ColFin WLH Land Acquisitions, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation, and William Lyon Homes, a Delaware corporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.21†

 
2011 Key Employee Bonus Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on July 8, 2011).
 
 
 
10.22†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.23†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan form of Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.24†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.25†

 
Form of Employment Agreement, dated September 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.26

 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 8, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes, certain of William Lyon Homes’ subsidiaries, and Credit Suisse Securities, as representative to the Initial Purchasers (as defined therein) (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.27

 
Class A Common Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock Subscription Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between William Lyon Homes and WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.28

 
Amendment of and Joinder to Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC and William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.29

 
Amendment of and Joinder to Class A Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between ColFin WLH Land Acquisitions, LLC and William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.30

 
Amendment of and Joinder to Convertible Preferred Stock and Class C Common Stock Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and between WLH Recovery Acquisition LLC and William Lyon Homes (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A filed with the Commission on December 6, 2012).
 
 
 
10.31

 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 20, 2012 by and between Lyon Branches, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
 
 
 
10.32

 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 26, 2012 by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
 
 
 



Exhibit
Number
 
Description
10.33

 
Construction Loan Agreement dated as of September 26, 2012 by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., a California corporation and California Bank & Trust, a California banking corporation (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Quarterly Report for the quarter-ended September 30, 2012).
 
 
 
10.34†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (performance-based) (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.35†

 
Revised Form of Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 2013 (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.36†

 
Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated March 6, 2013, by and between William Lyon Homes, Inc., and Matthew R. Zaist (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed April 9, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.37

 
Amendment No. 1 to Warrant to Purchase Shares of Class B Common Stock (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
10.38

 
Form of indemnification agreement (incorporated by reference to William Lyon Homes’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 28, 2013).
 
 
 
10.39†

 
Amendment No. 1 to the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23(a) to the Company’s Form S-1 Registration Statement filed May 6, 2013 (File No. 333-187819)).
 
 
 
10.40

 
Credit Agreement among William Lyon Homes, Inc., as Borrower, William Lyon Homes, as Parent, The Lenders from time to time party thereto, and Credit Suisse AG, as Administrative Agent, dated as of August 7, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2013).
 
 
 
10.41†

 
Amendment No. 2 to the William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement filed August 12, 2013 (File No. 333-190571))
 
 
 
10.42†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (performance-based) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
10.43†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
10.44†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
10.45†

 
William Lyon Homes 2012 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Amendment No. 1 to Stock Option Agreement (Five-Year Options) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.45 of the Company's Form S-4 Registration Statement filed December 27, 2013 (file no. 333-193112)).
 
 
 
12.1+

 
Statement Regarding the Computation of Ratio of Earnings (Loss) to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends for the Year Ended December 31, 2013, the Period from January 1, 2012 through February 24, 2012, the Period from February 25, 2012 through December 31, 2012, and for the Years Ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009.



Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
 
 
16.1

 
Letter from Windes, Inc. (formerly Windes & Mclaughry Accountancy Corporation), as to the change in certifying accountant, dated as of August 9, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 of the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed August 10, 2012).
 
 
 
21.1+

 
List of Subsidiaries of the Company.
 
 
 
23.1+

 
Consent of Windes, Inc. Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
 
 
 
23.2+

 
Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
 
 
 
31.1*

 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
 
 
31.2*

 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
 
 
 
32.1*

 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
 
 
 
32.2*

 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
 
 
 
101.INS* **

 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
101.SCH* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
101.CAL* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.DEF* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.LAB* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
101.PRE* **

 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

+
Filed herewith
 
 
Management contract or compensatory agreement
 
 
*
The information in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall they be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (including this Report), unless the Registrant specifically incorporates the foregoing information into those documents by reference.
 
 
**
Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL information will not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and will not be deemed filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, or otherwise subject to liability under those Sections.