INCOME TAXES

Income Before Income Taxes

The components of income before income taxes are as follows:



Year Ended June 30,	2016			2015		2014
U.S.	$	139,960		$	152,618	$	147,980
Foreign	(60,982		)	23,253		18,282
Income before income taxes	$	78,978		$	175,871	$	166,262

Provision

The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of:



Year Ended June 30,	2016			2015			2014
Current:
Federal	$	45,226		$	52,861		$	50,455
State and local	6,349			6,884			6,576
Foreign	4,407			5,603			4,619
Total current	55,982			65,348			61,650
Deferred:
Federal	397			(3,799		)	(5,328		)
State and local	(30		)	(153		)	(267		)
Foreign	(6,948		)	(1,009		)	(2,614		)
Total deferred	(6,581		)	(4,961		)	(8,209		)
Total	$	49,401		$	60,387		$	53,441

The exercise of non-qualified stock appreciation rights and options during fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014 resulted in $212, $352 and $1,462, respectively, of income tax benefits to the Company derived from the difference between the market and option price of the shares at the date of exercise and the fair value of the options on the grant date. Vesting of stock awards and other stock compensation in fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014 resulted in $(4), $690 and $1,211, respectively, of incremental income tax (expense), benefits over the amounts previously reported for financial reporting purposes. These tax (expenses) benefits were recorded in additional paid-in capital.

Effective Tax Rates

The following reconciles the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate:



Year Ended June 30,	2016		2015		2014
Statutory income tax rate	35.0	%	35.0	%	35.0	%
Effects of:
State and local taxes	5.2	%	2.5	%	2.4	%
Goodwill impairment	27.1	%	—	%	—	%
U.S. tax on foreign income, net	—	%	—	%	(1.6	)%
Foreign income taxes	(3.0	)%	(2.5	)%	(2.6	)%
Deductible dividend	(0.9	)%	(0.5	)%	(0.5	)%
Valuation allowance	0.5	%	0.5	%	—	%
Other, net	(1.3	)%	(0.7	)%	(0.6	)%
Effective income tax rate	62.6	%	34.3	%	32.1	%

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:



June 30,	2016			2015
Deferred tax assets:
Compensation liabilities not currently deductible	$	25,992		$	28,902
Other expenses and reserves not currently deductible	11,650			9,115
Goodwill and intangibles	6,366			7,363
Foreign tax credit (expiring in years 2025-2026)	849			1,155
Net operating loss carryforwards (expiring in years 2017-2036)	4,960			860
Other	83			289
Total deferred tax assets	49,900			47,684
Less: Valuation allowance	(1,347		)	(917		)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance	48,553			46,767
Deferred tax liabilities:
Inventories	(4,785		)	(5,499		)
Goodwill and intangibles	(33,353		)	(38,707		)
Depreciation and differences in property bases	(9,892		)	(9,328		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(48,030		)	(53,534		)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	523		$	(6,767	)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) are classified as follows:
Deferred tax assets	$	12,277		$	10,980
Other liabilities	(11,754		)	(17,747		)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	523		$	(6,767	)

Valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets where it is considered more-likely-than-not that the Company will not realize the benefit of such assets. The remaining net deferred tax asset is the amount management believes is more-likely-than-not of being realized. The realization of these deferred tax assets can be impacted by changes to tax laws, statutory rates and future income levels.

U.S. federal income taxes are provided on the portion of non-U.S. subsidiaries' income that is not considered to be permanently reinvested outside the U.S. and may be remitted to the U.S. At June 30, 2016, all undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries are considered to be permanently reinvested and totaled approximately $141,482, for which no U.S. tax has been provided. Determination of the net amount of the unrecognized tax liability with respect to the distribution of these earnings is not practicable; however, foreign tax credits would be available to partially reduce U.S. income taxes in the event of a distribution.

In 2014, the Company recognized a tax benefit of $2,804 related to U.S. tax on foreign income which reduced the Company's effective tax rate by approximately 1.6%. This tax benefit was due to the reversal of taxes previously accrued on a portion of the undistributed earnings of non-US subsidiaries applicable to a change in the permanent reinvestment assertion. In 2015, $17,793 of cash was distributed by one of the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries as a non-taxable return of capital.

Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in U.S. federal, various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. The following table sets forth the changes in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014:



Year Ended June 30,	2016			2015			2014
Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits at beginning of the year	$	2,604		$	2,364		$	2,655
Current year tax positions	539			472			730
Expirations of statutes of limitations	(132		)	(160		)	(1,007		)
Settlements	(96		)	(72		)	(14		)
Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits at end of year	$	2,915		$	2,604		$	2,364

Included in the balance of unrecognized income tax benefits at June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are $2,691, $2,377 and $2,104, respectively, of income tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective income tax rate.

During 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized $127 and $49 and $16 of expense, respectively, for interest and penalties related to unrecognized income tax benefits in its statements of consolidated income. The Company had a liability for penalties and interest of $625 and $497 as of June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company does not anticipate a significant change to the total amount of unrecognized income tax benefits within the next twelve months.

The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for the tax years 2014 through 2016 and to state and local income tax examinations for the tax years 2010 through 2016. In addition, the Company is subject to foreign income tax examinations for the tax years 2009 through 2016.

The Company’s unrecognized income tax benefits are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets since payment of cash is not expected within one year.