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EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Defined Benefit Plans
The Company has various defined benefit pension plans covering some of its employees. Plans generally provide benefits of stated amounts for each year of service. The Company funds its pension plans in accordance with the requirements of the defined benefit pension plans and, where applicable, in amounts sufficient to satisfy the minimum funding requirements of applicable laws. Additionally, in compliance with the Company’s funding policy, annual contributions to defined benefit plans are equal to the actuarial recommendations or statutory requirements in the respective countries. The Company sponsors or participates in a number of other non-U.S. pension arrangements, including various retirement and termination benefit plans, some of which are covered by local law or coordinated with government-sponsored plans, which are not significant in the aggregate.
The following tables provide additional information on the defined benefit plans as of September 30, 2024 and 2023:
U.S. Plans
Non U.S. Plans
(in millions)
2024202320242023
Changes in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation, beginning of year$50.9 $53.5 $106.5 $101.1 
Service cost0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 
Interest cost2.8 2.8 5.0 4.6 
Actuarial gain
4.4 (1.7)8.0 (4.5)
Settlements and curtailments— — (11.1)— 
Benefits paid(4.8)(4.3)(4.5)(4.2)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes— — 8.1 8.7 
Benefit obligation, end of year54.0 50.9 112.7 106.5 
Changes in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year49.0 50.3 102.7 93.1 
Actual return on plan assets8.9 2.9 7.9 (1.1)
Employer contributions0.1 0.1 6.4 6.8 
Settlements and curtailments— — (11.1)— 
Benefits paid(4.8)(4.3)(4.5)(4.2)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes— — 8.0 8.1 
Fair value of plan assets, end of year53.2 49.0 109.4 102.7 
Funded status
$(0.8)$(1.9)$(3.3)$(3.8)
Amounts recognized in statement of financial position
Deferred charges and other$— $— $12.4 $9.6 
Other accrued expenses0.1 0.1 — — 
Other long-term liabilities0.7 1.8 15.7 13.4 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss7.7 9.4 29.5 23.8 
Weighted average assumptions
Discount rate
4.39 - 4.74%
5.72%
3.40 - 5.10%
4.00 - 5.20%
Rate of compensation increaseN/AN/A
2.75%
2.75%
The following table summarizes the projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for defined benefit plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
U.S. PlansNon U.S. Plan
(in millions)2024202320242023
Projected benefit obligation$54.0 $50.9 $66.8 $57.0 
Accumulated benefit obligation54.0 50.9 64.0 57.0 
Fair value of plan assets53.2 49.0 51.1 43.5 
The following table contains the components of net periodic benefit cost from defined benefit plans for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022:
U.S. PlansNon U.S. Plans
(in millions)202420232022202420232022
Service cost$0.7 $0.6 $0.5 $0.7 $0.8 $1.2 
Interest cost2.8 2.8 1.9 5.0 4.6 2.1 
Expected return on assets(2.9)(3.1)(3.2)(4.5)(3.9)(4.0)
Unrecognized prior service cost
— — — 0.1 — — 
Recognized net actuarial loss— — 0.8 0.9 0.8 2.8 
Net periodic benefit cost$0.6 $0.3 $— $2.2 $2.3 $2.1 
Weighted average assumptions
Discount rate
5.56 - 5.72%
5.37%2.70%
4.00 - 5.60%
3.70 - 5.20%
1.00 - 2.00%
Expected return on plan assets5.50%5.25%5.00%
2.54 - 5.00%
2.54 - 5.58%
0.99 - 4.06%
Rate of compensation increaseN/AN/AN/A
2.75%
2.75%
2.50%
The discount rate is used to calculate the projected benefit obligation. The discount rate used is based on the rate of return on government bonds as well as current market conditions of the respective countries where the plans are established. The expected return on plan assets is based on the expectation of the long-term average rate of return of the capital market in which the plans invest. The expected return reflects the target asset allocations and considers the historical returns earned for each asset category. The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are recognized as Other Non-Operating Expense, Net on the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 19 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income for further detail on recognition of the net actuarial loss recognized in other comprehensive income attributable to defined benefit plans.
The Company established formal investment policies for the assets associated with these plans. Policy objectives include maximizing long-term return at acceptable risk levels, diversifying among asset classes, if appropriate, and among investment managers, as well as establishing relevant risk parameters within each asset class. Specific asset class targets are based on the results of periodic asset/liability studies. The investment policies permit variances from the targets within certain parameters. The plan assets currently do not include holdings of the Company’s common stock.
Below is a summary allocation of defined benefit plan assets as of September 30, 2024 and 2023:
U.S. Plans
Non U.S. Plans
Asset Type
2024202320242023
Equity Securities
20 %30 %— %— %
Fixed Income Securities
80 %70 %55 %49 %
Other
— %— %45 %51 %
Total
100 %100 %100 %100 %
The fair value of defined benefit plan assets by asset category as of September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
September 30, 2024September 30, 2023
(in millions)
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Cash & cash equivalents$1.3 $— $— $1.3 $0.3 $— $— $0.3 
Equity3.5 4.4 — 7.9 4.6 5.7 — 10.3 
Fixed income securities33.3 7.1 — 40.4 24.2 7.8 — 32.0 
Foreign equity3.0 — — 3.0 4.5 — — 4.5 
Foreign fixed income securities— 60.5 — 60.5 — 50.8 — 50.8 
Life insurance contracts— 47.0 — 47.0 — 40.7 — 40.7 
Annuity policy— — — — — — 10.4 10.4 
Other— 2.5 — 2.5 — 2.7 — 2.7 
Total plan assets$41.1 $121.5 $— $162.6 $33.6 $107.7 $10.4 $151.7 
Level 3 assets consisted of a purchased group annuity using plan assets and escrow funds to cover the projected benefit obligation assumed in the purchase as a result of an annuity buy-in, in accordance with United Kingdom ("UK") pension regulations, where the assets of the plan were invested in a bulk-purchase annuity policy with an insurance company, under which the Company retained both the fair value of the annuity contract and the pension benefit obligations related to this plan. During the year ended September 30, 2024, individual policies replaced the bulk annuity policy in a buy-out transaction resulting in the recognition of a plan settlement, removal of the related assets and obligations for the respective plan, and no Level 3 assets as of September 30, 2024.
During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company funded $1.6 million to cash accounts which are otherwise restricted by the trustee of certain benefit plans in the UK to support contingent funding requirements for the respective plans. The account is excluded from other plan assets within the trusts for the respective plans and considered restricted cash and reported as Deferred Chargers and Other Assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of September 30, 2024. 
The following benefit payments are expected to be paid:
(in millions)
U.S. PlansNon U.S. Plans
2025$4.9 $4.6 
20264.2 5.0 
20274.2 5.7 
20284.2 6.0 
20294.1 5.7 
2025-203419.5 32.2 
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company sponsored defined contribution plans in which eligible participants may defer a fixed amount or a percentage of their eligible compensation, subject to limitations, pursuant to Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company made discretionary matching contributions of eligible compensation. The Company also sponsors defined contribution plans for eligible employees of certain foreign subsidiaries. Contributions are discretionary and evaluated annually. Aggregate contributions charged to operations, including discretionary amounts, for the years ended September 30, 2024, 2023 and 2022, were $7.4 million, $7.5 million, and $7.4 million, respectively.