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Investments
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2014
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments
Investments
The Company’s consolidated investments are summarized as follows:
 
March 31, 2014
 
Cost or Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed-maturity securities, available-for sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
$
1,576.6

 
$
19.1

 
$
(8.5
)
 
$
1,587.2

 
$
1,587.2

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
463.3

 
25.2

 
(1.9
)
 
486.6

 
486.6

Corporates
10,177.3

 
431.4

 
(86.6
)
 
10,522.1

 
10,522.1

Hybrids
423.6

 
28.6

 
(0.6
)
 
451.6

 
451.6

Municipals
1,182.8

 
77.0

 
(19.8
)
 
1,240.0

 
1,240.0

Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
96.9

 
2.5

 
—

 
99.4

 
99.4

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
1,730.9

 
126.3

 
(10.1
)
 
1,847.1

 
1,847.1

U.S. Government
389.1

 
6.3

 
(2.8
)
 
392.6

 
392.6

Total fixed maturities
16,040.5

 
716.4

 
(130.3
)
 
16,626.6

 
16,626.6

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
346.6

 
14.6

 
(8.1
)
 
353.1

 
353.1

Held for trading
140.2

 
25.5

 
(33.9
)
 
131.8

 
131.8

Total equity securities
486.8

 
40.1

 
(42.0
)
 
484.9

 
484.9

Derivatives
154.6

 
120.7

 
(2.3
)
 
273.0

 
273.0

Asset-based loans
795.7

 
—

 
—

 
795.7

 
795.7

Other invested assets
132.5

 
0.1

 
—

 
132.6

 
132.6

Total investments
$
17,610.1

 
$
877.3

 
$
(174.6
)
 
$
18,312.8

 
$
18,312.8


 
September 30, 2013
 
Cost or Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Gains
 
Gross Unrealized Losses
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed-maturity securities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
$
1,505.7

 
$
22.6

 
$
(5.2
)
 
$
1,523.1

 
$
1,523.1

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
431.3

 
24.7

 
(1.6
)
 
454.4

 
454.4

Corporates
9,314.7

 
288.7

 
(185.1
)
 
9,418.3

 
9,418.3

Hybrids
412.6

 
19.5

 
(3.3
)
 
428.8

 
428.8

Municipals
998.8

 
49.0

 
(40.8
)
 
1,007.0

 
1,007.0

Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
96.5

 
2.4

 
(0.3
)
 
98.6

 
98.6

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
1,304.0

 
77.4

 
(13.4
)
 
1,368.0

 
1,368.0

U.S. Government
998.5

 
7.2

 
(3.9
)
 
1,001.8

 
1,001.8

Total fixed-maturity securities
15,062.1

 
491.5

 
(253.6
)
 
15,300.0

 
15,300.0

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
274.6

 
6.7

 
(10.3
)
 
271.0

 
271.0

Held for trading
120.1

 
0.6

 
(39.2
)
 
81.5

 
81.5

Total equity securities
394.7

 
7.3

 
(49.5
)
 
352.5

 
352.5

Derivatives
141.7

 
88.5

 
(8.4
)
 
221.8

 
221.8

Asset-based loans
560.4

 
—

 
—

 
560.4

 
560.4

Other invested assets
31.2

 
—

 
—

 
31.2

 
31.2

Total investments
$
16,190.1

 
$
587.3

 
$
(311.5
)
 
$
16,465.9

 
$
16,465.9



Included in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") were cumulative unrealized gains of $0.9 and unrealized losses of $1.9 related to the non-credit portion of other-than-temporary impairments on non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities at March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013. The non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities unrealized gains and losses represent the difference between book value and fair value on securities that were previously impaired. There have been no impairments or write downs on any of the 2014 purchased non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities.

Securities held on deposit with various state regulatory authorities had a fair value of $14,334.4 and $19.4 at March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, respectively. The increase in securities held on deposits is due to the FGL Insurance re-domestication from Maryland to Iowa. Under Iowa regulations, insurance companies are required to hold securities on deposit in an amount no less than the company's legal reserve as prescribed by Iowa regulations.

In accordance with FGL Insurance's Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) agreements, the investments supporting the funding agreement liabilities are pledged as collateral to secure the FHLB funding agreement liabilities. The collateral investments had a fair value of $592.3 and $604.9 at March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, respectively.


Maturities of Fixed-maturity Securities
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity available-for-sale securities by contractual maturities, as applicable, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or pre-pay obligations.
 
March 31, 2014
 
Amortized Cost
 
 Fair Value
Corporates, Non-structured Hybrids, Municipal and U.S. Government securities:
 
 
 
Due in one year or less
$
353.8

 
$
356.8

Due after one year through five years
2,770.7

 
2,856.0

Due after five years through ten years
3,528.3

 
3,612.6

Due after ten years
5,446.5

 
5,703.8

Subtotal
12,099.3

 
12,529.2

Other securities which provide for periodic payments:
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
1,576.6

 
1,587.2

Commercial-mortgage-backed securities
463.3

 
486.6

Structured hybrids
73.5

 
77.1

Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
96.9

 
99.4

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
1,730.9

 
1,847.1

Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities
$
16,040.5

 
$
16,626.6



Securities in an Unrealized Loss Position
FGL’s available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses are reviewed by FGL for potential other-than-temporary impairments. In evaluating whether a decline in value is other-than-temporary, FGL considers several factors including, but not limited to, the following: (1) the extent and the duration of the decline; (2) the reasons for the decline in value (credit event, currency or interest-rate related, including general credit spread widening); and (3) the financial condition of and near-term prospects of the issuer. FGL also considers the ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time to allow for a recovery of value.
FGL analyzes its ability to recover the amortized cost by comparing the net present value of cash flows expected to be collected with the amortized cost of the security. For mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, cash flow estimates consider the payment terms of the underlying assets backing a particular security, including interest rate and prepayment assumptions, based on data from widely accepted third-party data sources or internal estimates. In addition to interest rate and prepayment assumptions, cash flow estimates also include other assumptions regarding the underlying collateral including default rates and recoveries, which vary based on the asset type and geographic location, as well as the vintage year of the security. For structured securities, the payment priority within the tranche structure is also considered. For all other debt securities, cash flow estimates are driven by assumptions regarding probability of default and estimates regarding timing and amount of recoveries associated with a default. If the net present value is less than the amortized cost of the investment, an other-than-temporary impairment is recognized. FGL has concluded that the fair values of the securities presented in the table below were not other-than-temporarily impaired as of March 31, 2014.

The fair value and gross unrealized losses of available-for-sale securities, aggregated by investment category, were as follows:
 
March 31, 2014
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
$
483.4

 
$
(6.1
)
 
$
120.3

 
$
(2.4
)
 
$
603.7

 
$
(8.5
)
Commercial-mortgage-backed securities
46.8

 
(0.6
)
 
0.2

 
(1.3
)
 
47.0

 
(1.9
)
Corporates
1,902.2

 
(54.9
)
 
769.9

 
(31.7
)
 
2,672.1

 
(86.6
)
Equities
70.0

 
(6.4
)
 
26.0

 
(1.7
)
 
96.0

 
(8.1
)
Hybrids
19.1

 
(0.4
)
 
10.5

 
(0.2
)
 
29.6

 
(0.6
)
Municipals
359.8

 
(13.5
)
 
107.5

 
(6.3
)
 
467.3

 
(19.8
)
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
9.9

 
—

 
0.6

 
—

 
10.5

 
—

Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
335.9

 
(7.6
)
 
96.7

 
(2.5
)
 
432.6

 
(10.1
)
U.S. Government
127.9

 
(2.5
)
 
39.7

 
(0.3
)
 
167.6

 
(2.8
)
Total available-for-sale securities
$
3,355.0

 
$
(92.0
)
 
$
1,171.4

 
$
(46.4
)
 
$
4,526.4

 
$
(138.4
)
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position
 
 
440

 
 
 
156

 
 
 
596


 
September 30, 2013
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
$
329.3

 
$
(4.5
)
 
$
81.5

 
$
(0.7
)
 
$
410.8

 
$
(5.2
)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
26.6

 
(0.5
)
 
4.9

 
(1.1
)
 
31.5

 
(1.6
)
Corporates
3,457.2

 
(175.0
)
 
186.0

 
(10.1
)
 
3,643.2

 
(185.1
)
Equities
118.6

 
(9.1
)
 
32.2

 
(1.2
)
 
150.8

 
(10.3
)
Hybrids
52.0

 
(3.3
)
 
—

 
—

 
52.0

 
(3.3
)
Municipals
333.3

 
(27.3
)
 
144.4

 
(13.5
)
 
477.7

 
(40.8
)
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
9.8

 
(0.1
)
 
1.1

 
(0.2
)
 
10.9

 
(0.3
)
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
325.2

 
(12.2
)
 
69.9

 
(1.2
)
 
395.1

 
(13.4
)
U.S. Government
753.9

 
(3.9
)
 
—

 
—

 
753.9

 
(3.9
)
Total available-for-sale securities
$
5,405.9

 
$
(235.9
)
 
$
520.0

 
$
(28.0
)
 
$
5,925.9

 
$
(263.9
)
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position
 
 
588

 
 
 
78

 
 
 
666


At March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, securities in an unrealized loss position were primarily concentrated in investment grade corporate debt instruments. Agency residential mortgage-backed securities had positions with an unrealized loss less than $0.1 as of March 31, 2014.
At March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, securities with a fair value of $1.0 and $60.9, respectively, were depressed greater than 20% of amortized cost (excluding U.S. Government and U.S. Government sponsored agency securities), which represented less than 1% of the carrying values of all investments.
Credit Loss Portion of Other-than-temporary Impairments
The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the credit loss portion of other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity securities held by FGL for the three and six months ended March 31, 2014, and March 31, 2013, for which a portion of the other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in AOCI:
 
Three months ended
 
Six months ended
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
Beginning balance
$
2.7

 
$
2.7

 
$
2.7

 
$
2.7

Increases attributable to credit losses on securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other-than-temporary impairment was previously recognized
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other-than-temporary impairment was not previously recognized
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Ending balance
$
2.7

 
$
2.7

 
$
2.7

 
$
2.7


For the three and six months ended March 31, 2014, FGL recognized insignificant impairment losses in operations. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2013, FGL recognized an impairment loss in operations totaling $0.4 and $0.9, respectively, including credit impairments of $0.1 and $0.3, respectively and change-of-intent impairments of $0.3 and $0.7, respectively, and had an amortized cost of $2.7 and a fair value of $1.8 at March 31, 2013.
Asset-based Loans
Salus’ portfolio of asset-based loans receivable, included in “Asset-based loans” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, consisted of the following:
 
March 31,
2014
 
September 30,
2013
Asset-based loans, by major industry:
 
 
 
Apparel
$
225.5

 
$
252.9

Jewelry
121.0

 
125.8

Sporting Goods
16.9

 
25.1

Manufacturing
53.6

 
34.3

Transportation
45.6

 
85.7

Electronics
250.0

 
—

Other
90.1

 
41.8

Total asset-based loans
802.7

 
565.6

Less: Allowance for credit losses
7.0

 
5.2

Total asset-based loans, net
$
795.7

 
$
560.4


Salus establishes its allowance for credit losses through a provision for credit losses based on its evaluation of the credit quality of its loan portfolio. The following table presents the activity in its allowance for credit losses for the three and six months ended March 31, 2014 and March 31, 2013:
 
Three months ended
 
Six months ended
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
Allowance for credit losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
$
7.0

 
$
2.6

 
$
5.2

 
$
1.4

Provision for credit losses
—

 
0.2

 
1.8

 
1.4

Balance at end of period
$
7.0

 
$
2.8

 
$
7.0

 
$
2.8



Credit Quality Indicators
Salus monitors credit quality as indicated by various factors and utilizes such information in its evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. As of March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, Salus had no outstanding loans that either were non-performing, in a non-accrual status, or had been subject to a troubled-debt restructuring. As of March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, there were no outstanding loans that had been individually considered impaired, as all loans were in current payment status.
 
Internal Risk Rating
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Substandard
 
Doubtful
 
Total
March 31, 2014
$
221.4

 
$
335.6

 
$
245.7

 
$
—

 
$
802.7

September 30, 2013
$
306.9

 
$
36.7

 
$
222.0

 
$
—

 
$
565.6


Net Investment Income

The major sources of “Net investment income” on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows:
 
Three months ended
 
Six months ended
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
Fixed maturity available-for-sale securities
$
193.5

 
$
163.0

 
$
385.3

 
$
328.4

Equity available-for-sale securities
5.1

 
2.9

 
9.6

 
7.6

Policy loans
0.1

 
0.2

 
0.3

 
0.5

Invested cash and short-term investments
—

 
0.4

 
0.1

 
1.2

Asset-based loans
11.1

 
7.0

 
18.5

 
17.6

Other investments
0.5

 
0.6

 
1.3

 
0.9

Gross investment income
210.3

 
174.1

 
415.1

 
356.2

External investment expense
(3.9
)
 
(2.8
)
 
(7.5
)
 
(6.9
)
Net investment income
$
206.4

 
$
171.3

 
$
407.6

 
$
349.3



Net investment gains

“Net investment gains” reported on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows:
 
Three months ended
 
Six months ended
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
Net realized gains before other-than-temporary impairments
$
7.9

 
$
73.0

 
$
17.7

 
$
245.5

Gross other-than-temporary impairments
—

 
(0.4
)
 
—

 
(0.9
)
Net realized gains on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities
7.9

 
72.6

 
17.7

 
244.6

Realized gains on equity securities
5.4

 
1.9

 
10.8

 
1.9

Net realized gains on securities
13.3

 
74.5

 
28.5

 
246.5

Realized gains on certain derivative instruments
50.0

 
29.7

 
110.6

 
45.3

Unrealized (losses) gains on certain derivative instruments
(27.5
)
 
102.5

 
39.3

 
61.3

Change in fair value of derivatives
22.5

 
132.2

 
149.9

 
106.6

Realized gains on other invested assets
5.1

 
—

 
4.4

 
0.1

Net investment gains
$
40.9

 
$
206.7

 
$
182.8

 
$
353.2



For the six months ended March 31, 2014, principal repayments, calls, tenders, and proceeds from the sale of fixed maturity available-for-sale securities totaled $2,627.9, gross gains on such sales totaled $22.2 and gross losses totaled $2.5. The proceeds from the sale of fixed maturity available-for sale securities exclude maturities and repayments for the six months ended March 31, 2014.
For the six months ended March 31, 2013, principal repayments, calls, tenders, and proceeds from the sale of fixed maturity available-for-sale securities totaled $5,738.3, gross gains on such sales totaled $249.0 and gross losses totaled $0.6, respectively. The proceeds from the sale of fixed maturity available-for sale securities exclude maturities and repayments for the six months ended March 31, 2013.
Cash flows from consolidated investing activities by security classification were as follows:
 
Six months ended
 
March 31,
2014
 
March 31,
2013
Proceeds from investments sold, matured or repaid:
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
$
2,675.4

 
$
5,769.7

Trading (acquired for holding)
—

 
91.8

Derivatives and other
188.2

 
154.8

 
$
2,863.6

 
$
6,016.3

Cost of investments acquired:
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
$
(3,815.7
)
 
$
(5,839.0
)
Trading (acquired for holding)
(40.5
)
 
(0.9
)
Derivatives and other
(176.7
)
 
(76.3
)
 
$
(4,032.9
)
 
$
(5,916.2
)

Concentrations of Financial Instruments
As of March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, the Company’s most significant investment in one industry, excluding U.S. Government securities, was FGL’s investment securities in the banking industry with a fair value of $2,019.4 or 11.0% and $1,892.1, or 11.5%, of the Company's invested assets portfolio, respectively. FGL’s holdings in this industry includes investments in 78 different issuers with the top ten investments accounting for 37.7% of the total holdings in this industry. As of March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, the Company had investments in 18 and 19 issuers that exceeded 10% of the Company's stockholders’ equity with a fair value of $1,851.3 and $1,983.7, or 10.1% and 12.0% of the invested assets portfolio, respectively. Additionally, the Company’s largest concentration in any single issuer as of March 31, 2014 and September 30, 2013, had a fair value of $250.0 and $150.7, or 1.4% and 0.9% of the Company's invested assets portfolio, respectively.