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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property, plant and equipment as of October 31, 2024 and 2023, consisted of the following:
 October 31,
 20242023
 (in millions)
Land$69 $60 
Buildings and leasehold improvements1,786 1,409 
Machinery and equipment960 749 
Software267 275 
Total property, plant and equipment3,082 2,493 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(1,304)(1,223)
Property, plant and equipment, net$1,778 $1,270 

The additions in 2024 are primarily related to assets acquired from BIOVECTRA and our on-going expansion of our Frederick, CO. facility.

During 2024, we recorded asset impairments of $2 million. During 2023, we recorded asset impairments of $11 million. During 2022, there were no asset impairments. Depreciation expenses were $149 million in 2024, $128 million in 2023 and $120 million in 2022. In 2024 and 2023 we retired approximately $78 million and $68 million, respectively, of assets, the majority of which were fully depreciated and no longer in use.