Report of Directors Corporate Governance (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Report Of Directors Corporate Governance [Abstract]

Disclosure of performance achieved by executive Directors

Annual incentive assessment
					Noel Quinn			Ewen Stevenson
	Minimum (25% payout)	Maximum (100% payout)	Performance		Weighting (%)	Assessment (%)	Outcome (%)	Weighting (%)	Assessment (%)	Outcome (%)
Adjusted cost ($bn)	32.27	31.47	32.15		20.00	36.25	7.25	20.00	36.25	7.25
Revenue growth in Asia (%)	0.44%	0.89%	-5.96	%	20.00	—	—	15.00	—	—
RWA reduction in legacy assets/low-return areas ($bn)1	38.35	42.40	43.00		20.00	100.00	20.00	15.00	100.00	15.00
Customer satisfaction	See following section for non-financial performance commentary				15.00	67.00	10.05	15.00	67.00	10.05
Employee experience					15.00	75.00	11.25	15.00	75.00	11.25
Personal objectives					10.00	87.50	8.75	20.00	84.40	16.88
Total					100.00		57.30	100.00		60.43
Maximum annual incentive opportunity (£000)							£2,776			£1,619
Annual incentive outcome (£000)							£1,590			£978

1    As set out in our February 2020 business update, one of our objectives has been to reduce RWAs in low-return franchises and redeploy capital in areas of faster growth and higher returns, with a target of achieving a $100bn reduction in RWAs by the end of 2022. This target was subsequently amended during 2021, following a change to the methodology of capturing RWA saves. Following this amendment in methodology, the Committee adjusted the original target range of $28.35bn to $32.4bn and increased it to $38.35bn to $42.40bn.

Non-financial performance

Shared objectives for Noel Quinn and Ewen Stevenson
Objectives	Weighting	Assessment	Performance
Customer satisfaction Maintain and improve net promoter score ('NPS') in the UK and Hong Kong	15%	67%	•In Wealth and Personal Banking, our NPS ranking in Hong Kong remained in third place, and in the UK our NPS increased and our overall rank improved by one place (assessed at 65%). •In Commercial Banking, our overall NPS ranking was fourth in Hong Kong, and we ranked in the top three among our large corporate customers. In the UK, overall we declined one rank position in 2021. We continued to have a top placed NPS ranking for mid-market enterprises, and we maintained our NPS ranks for large corporates and small business banking clients, while our ranking fell for business banking customers (assessed at 57%). •For Global Banking and Markets, we improved our overall NPS ranking in Asia from third to first place, and our rank improved by one place in Europe among priority clients (assessed at 80%).
Employee experience Improve engagement, diversity and inclusion	15%	75%	Employee engagement (assessed at 100%) •We met our stretch target to sustain last year’s historically strong employee engagement score of 72%. The result is four points above the global financial services benchmark and five points above 2019 levels. •The index comprises three areas: willingness to recommend HSBC as a great place to work, feeling proud to work for HSBC, and feeling valued by HSBC. •Commentary from our survey suggests that focus on employee well-being, flexible work arrangements and our response to the Covid-19 pandemic have had a strong positive impact on employee engagement. Gender representation in leadership roles (assessed at 100%) •At the end of 2021, we had 31.7% of our senior leadership roles held by female colleagues, exceeding our target of 31.0% for the year and on track to achieving our new goal of 35.0% by 2025. •This has been achieved through a focus on the hiring, retention and career development of female colleagues. Black employees' representation in leadership roles (assessed at 100%) •The number of Black heritage employees in senior leadership increased by 17.5%. •We are reliant on our colleagues’ choice to self-identify or not, noting that we have made good progress on this ethnicity data with 78.1% of UK colleagues and 95.2% of US colleagues having self-identified. This improvement has enabled a much clearer picture of where to focus attention and we are using it as part of progress check-ins with executives. Engagement among colleagues identifying as part of an ethnic minority and who identify as having a disability (assessed at 0%) •At a global level, we have not closed the gap in employee engagement scores between ethnic minority and non-ethnic-minority colleagues, or between colleagues with disabilities versus those who do not have a disability. •While delivering meaningful change will take time, we are deepening our understanding of where differences arise – in particular looking at how engagement is shaped by the way diverse groups are represented differently across our businesses, geographies and job types. •We have also introduced an inclusion index to help understand the sentiment of all colleagues, including diverse groups. This includes questions related to a sense of belonging, speak-up, trust, career, fair treatment and self-expression.

Personal objectives for Noel Quinn and Ewen Stevenson
Objectives	Weighting	Assessment	Performance
Noel Quinn •Launch of refreshed purpose and values •Delivery of strategy	10%	87.5%	Launch of refreshed purpose and values •Our refreshed purpose and values were successfully deployed with strong leadership tone from the Group Chief Executive and Group Executives internally and externally. •Our employee survey to test awareness and understanding of our new purpose, values and strategy found that 82% of respondents said that HSBC has the right purpose, strategy and values to drive success, and 76% believed that the purpose and values will lead to meaningful changes in how we work. The strategy index is at 72%, two points ahead of the financial services benchmark that has trended downwards. •The purpose and values have been embedded into our onboarding and induction processes for 26,500 new joiners, our recognition framework and performance management approach. Delivery of strategy •We are making progress across the four strategic pillars: Focus on our strengths, digitise at scale, energise for growth and transition to net zero. •Focus on our strengths: –In Wealth and Personal Banking, we saw growth of 138% in net new invested assets for Asia wealth. In asset management, our funds under management rose 5% to $630bn. In insurance, the value of new business in Singapore, mainland China, and Hong Kong (including Hang Seng Bank) increased 40% from 2020, to reach $917m. –In Commercial Banking, we saw strong growth in fee income in 2021, reaching $3.6bn, a growth of 9% compared with 2020. Our customer lending volume increased 3% to $349bn. We made progress on improving SME propositions in our key markets. Since the launch of Kinetic in the UK in 2020 we have reached 24,000 customers at the end of 2021. –In Global Banking and Markets, we reduced adjusted RWAs by 10% to $236bn at 31 December 2021, driven by saves in our Western franchise, comprising of our Europe and Americas businesses. Overall, Global Banking and Markets revenue reached approximately $15bn, driven by strong performance in Equities, Capital Markets and Advisory, and Securities Services. –We made progress on restructuring our US business and HSBC Bank plc, our non-ring-fenced bank in Europe and the UK. We announced three key acquisitions in 2021 to further strengthen our wealth franchise in Asia. We entered into an agreement to acquire AXA Singapore, pending regulatory approval, with the intention to merge the business with the operations of our existing HSBC Life Singapore franchise. We agreed to fully acquire L&T Investment Management, the 12th largest mutual fund management company in India. We received regulatory approval to acquire the remaining 50% stake in HSBC Life China, bringing our shareholder ownership to 100% upon completion. •Digitise at scale: We made good progress on automating our organisation at scale. Our Cloud adoption rate, which is the percentage of our technology services on the private or public Cloud, increased from approximately 20% in 2020 to 27% in 2021. At the end of 2021, 43% of our customers were 'mobile active' users, who are customers that had logged onto a mobile app at least once in the last 30 days. This is an improvement compared with 38% in 2020. •Energise for growth: We continue to help to energise our colleagues through initiatives that help develop their future skills and learning opportunities, in areas including data, digital and sustainability. •Transition to net zero: In 2021, we reduced our organisation’s absolute greenhouse gas emissions in our operations to 341,000 CO2 tonnes, a decrease of 50% using 2019 as the baseline. We provided and facilitated $82.6bn of sustainable finance and investment, taking the cumulative amount to $126.7bn since 1 January 2020, as part of our $750bn to $1tn by 2030 ambition.
Ewen Stevenson •Finance on the Cloud deployment •Climate stress test •Resolvability assessment framework attestation •Reduce Global Finance function costs and number of FTEs	20%	84.4%	•The Finance on the Cloud programme entered into the implementation phase in 2021. The RWA and liquidity Cloud migrations from the legacy Platfora solution was completed and the UK Cloud transformation was extended to liquidity. All regulatory obligations in relation to this were met. We also made progress with the global roll-out of the Cloud solution in Hong Kong and the US. •We significantly developed our climate scenario capabilities, largely driven by the climate biennial exploratory scenario exercise and through developing a framework to incorporate client adaptation plans into climate scenario analysis to address insufficient client data issues. We developed reporting that includes the Group’s carbon reduction metrics, with reporting of high-risk sectors included in the quarterly Group Executive Committee update. We also enhanced disclosures to cover quantitative risk metrics aligned with the climate risk appetite statement. •We built capabilities to support the resolvability assessment framework and met all regulatory deadlines during 2021 in relation to this. •The Global Finance function costs were marginally above target due to market pay challenges and the target for full-time equivalent colleagues was largely met.

Disclosure of remuneration of executive Directors

The following table shows the single figure of total remuneration of each executive Director for 2021, together with comparative figures.

Single figure of remuneration
	Noel Quinn		Ewen Stevenson
(£000)	2021	2020	2021	2020
Base salary1	1,288	1,266	751	738
Fixed pay allowance ('FPA')1	1,700	1,700	1,062	950
Cash in lieu of pension	129	127	75	74
Taxable benefits2	95	186	3	12
Non-taxable benefits2	71	59	42	32
Total fixed	3,283	3,338	1,933	1,806
Annual incentive3	1,590	799	978	450
Notional returns4	22	17	—	—
Replacement award5	—	—	754	1,431
Total variable	1,612	816	1,732	1,881
Total fixed and variable	4,895	4,154	3,665	3,687

1    Executive Directors made the personal decision to donate 100% of their base salary increases for 2021 to charity given the ongoing challenging external environment. Ewen Stevenson also donated his FPA increase for 2021 to charity. Figures shown in the table above are the gross figures before charitable donations.

2    Taxable benefits include the provision of medical insurance, car and tax return assistance (including any associated tax due, where applicable). Non-taxable benefits include the provision of life assurance and other insurance cover.

3    Noel Quinn and Ewen Stevenson both voluntarily waived the cash portion of their 2020 annual incentive. Without this voluntary waiver, the 2020 annual incentive of Noel Quinn and Ewen Stevenson would have been £1,598,000 and £900,000, respectively.

4    The deferred cash awards granted in prior years includes a right to receive notional returns for the period between the grant and vesting date. This is determined by reference to a rate of return specified at the time of grant and paid annually, with the amount disclosed on a paid basis.

5    In 2019 Ewen Stevenson was granted replacement awards to replace unvested awards, which were forfeited as a result of him joining HSBC. The awards, in general, match the performance, vesting and retention periods attached to the awards forfeited. The values included in the table for 2020 relate to his 2017 LTI award granted by the Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc ('RBS'), now renamed as NatWest Group plc ('NatWest'), for performance year 2016, which was determined by applying the performance assessment outcome of 56.25% as disclosed in NatWest's Annual Report and Accounts 2019 (page 91) to the maximum number of shares subject to performance conditions. This resulted in a payout equivalent to 78.09% of NatWest award shares that were forfeited and replaced with HSBC shares. A total of 313,608 shares were granted in respect of his 2017 LTI replacement award at a share price of £6.643. The HSBC share price was £5.845 when the awards ceased to be subject to performance conditions, with no value attributable to share price appreciation. The value included in the table for 2021 relates to Ewen Stevenson's 2018 LTI replacement award granted by NatWest for performance year 2017 and was subject to a pre-vest performance test assessed and disclosed by NatWest in its Annual Report and Accounts 2020 (page 135). As no adjustment was proposed for Ewen Stevenson by NatWest, a total of 177,883 shares granted in respect of his 2018 LTI replacement award ceased to be subject to performance conditions. These awards were granted at a share price of £6.643 and the HSBC share price was £4.240 when the awards ceased to be subject to performance conditions, with no value attributable to share price appreciation.

The values of the significant benefits in the single figure table are set out in the following table.1

	Noel Quinn
(£000)	2021	2020
Insurance benefit (non-taxable)	67	51
Car and driver (UK and Hong Kong)2	87	139

1    The insurance and car benefits for Ewen Stevenson are not included in the above table as they were not deemed significant.

2    The 2021 car and driver benefit was lower than 2020 due to the impact of travel restrictions during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Disclosure of assessment of the LTI award

Assessment of the LTI award in respect of 2018 (performance period 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021)
Measures (with weighting)	Minimum (25% payout)	Target (50% payout)	Maximum (100% payout)	Actual	Assessment	Outcome
Average RoTE (with CET1 underpin) (75%)	10.0%	11.0%	12.0%	6.6%	0.0%	0.00%
Employer advocacy1 (12.5%)	65%	70%	75%	70%	50.0%	6.25%
Environmental, social and governance rank2 (12.5%)	At median of the peer group	Straight-line vesting between minimum and maximum	At upper quartile of peer group	Above upper quartile	100.0%	12.50%
Total3						18.75%

1    Assessed based on results of the 2021 employee Snapshot survey question: 'I would recommend this company as a great place to work'.

2    Based on Sustainalytics ratings. Peer group for this measure included Bank of America, Barclays, BNP Paribas, Citigroup, Credit Suisse Group, Deutsche Bank, DBS Group Holdings, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Lloyds Banking Group, Standard Chartered, UBS Group, ICBC, Itau and Santander.

3    The award was subject to a risk and compliance underpin which gives the Committee the discretion to adjust down the overall scorecard outcome, taking into account performance against risk and compliance factors during the performance period for the award. Taking into account inputs received from Group Risk and Compliance and the Group Risk Committee, the Committee considered the application of the risk and compliance underpin was not required.

Disclosure of performance conditions for long-term incentives

Performance conditions for LTI awards in respect of 2021 (performance period 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2024)
Measures1		Minimum (25% payout)	Target (50% payout)	Maximum (100% payout)	Weighting %
RoTE (with CET1 underpin)2		8.0%	9.5%	11.0%	25.0
Capital reallocation to Asia (with CET1 underpin)3		46.0%	48.0%	50.0%	25.0
Transition to net zero4	Carbon reduction	52.0%	56.0%	60.0%	25.0
	Sustainable finance and investment	$285.0bn	$340.0bn	$370.0bn
Relative TSR5		At the median of the peer group	Straight-line vesting between minimum and maximum	At the upper quartile of the peer group	25.0

1Awards will vest on a straight-line basis for performance between the minimum, target and maximum levels of performance set in this table.

2To be assessed based on RoTE at the end of the performance period. This metric will be subject to the CET1 underpin outlined above.

3    To be assessed based on share of Group tangible equity (on a constant currency basis and excluding associates) allocated to Asia by 31 December 2024. This metric will be subject to the CET1 underpin outlined above.

4    Carbon reduction will be measured based on percentage reduction in total energy and travel emissions achieved by 31 December 2024 using 2019 as the baseline. The sustainable finance and investment metric will assess cumulative financing provided over the period commencing on
1 January 2020 and ending on 31 December 2024.

5    The peer group for the 2021 award is: Bank of America, Barclays, BNP Paribas, Citigroup, Credit Suisse Group, DBS Group Holdings, Deutsche Bank, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Lloyds Banking Group, Morgan Stanley, Standard Chartered and UBS Group.

Performance conditions for LTI awards in respect of 2020 (performance period 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023)
Measures1		Minimum (25% payout)	Target (50% payout)	Maximum (100% payout)	Weighting %
RoTE (with CET1 underpin)2		8.0%	9.0%	10.0%	25.0
Capital reallocation to Asia (with CET1 underpin)3		45.0%	47.0%	50.0%	25.0
Environment and sustainability4	Carbon reduction	42.0%	48.0%	51.0%	25.0
	Sustainable finance and investment	$200.0bn	$240.0bn	$260.0bn
Relative TSR5		At median of the peer group	Straight-line vesting between minimum and maximum	At upper quartile of peer group	25.0

1Awards will vest on a straight-line basis for performance between the minimum, target and maximum levels of performance set in this table.

2    To be assessed based on RoTE at the end of the performance period. The measure will also be subject to a CET1 underpin. If the CET1 ratio at the end of the performance period is below the CET1 risk tolerance level set in the risk appetite statement, then the assessment for this measure will be reduced to nil.

3    To be assessed based on share of Group tangible equity (on a constant currency basis and excluding associates) allocated to Asia by 31 December 2023. This metric will be measured on an organic basis and will exclude changes in Group tangible equity allocation resulting from acquisitions and disposals (and also part-acquisitions or part-disposals) of businesses and is subject to the CET1 underpin outlined above.

4    Carbon reduction will be measured based on percentage reduction in total energy and travel emissions achieved by 31 December 2023 using 2019 as the baseline. The sustainable finance and investment metric will assess cumulative financing provided over the period commencing on
1 January 2020 and ending on 31 December 2023.

5    The peer group for the 2020 award is: Bank of America, Barclays, BNP Paribas, Citigroup, Credit Suisse Group, DBS Group Holdings, Deutsche Bank, J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Lloyds Banking Group, Morgan Stanley, Standard Chartered and UBS Group.

Disclosure of directors' interest in share options

Shares
(Audited)
	Shareholding guidelines (% of salary)	Shareholding at 31 Dec 20212 (% of salary)	At 31 Dec 2021
				Scheme interests
			Share interests (number of shares)	Share options3	Shares awarded subject to deferral1
					without  performance conditions4	with performance conditions5
Executive Directors
Noel Quinn6	400%	380%	1,131,278	—	481,634	1,118,554
Ewen Stevenson6	300%	483%	838,154	—	506,743	1,113,954

1The gross number of shares is disclosed. A portion of these shares will be sold at vesting to cover any income tax and social security that falls due at the time of vesting.

2    The value of the shareholding is calculated using an average of the daily closing share prices in the three months to 31 December 2021 (£4.339).

3    At 31 December 2021, Noel Quinn and Ewen Stevenson did not hold any options under the HSBC Holdings Savings-Related Share Option Plan (UK).

4    The amount for Ewen Stevenson reflects the award granted in May 2019, replacing the 2015 to 2018 LTIs forfeited by the Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc, now renamed as NatWest Group plc ('NatWest'), and is subject to any performance adjustments assessed and disclosed in the relevant NatWest Annual Report and Accounts.

5    LTI awards granted in February 2020 and 2021 are subject to the performance conditions as set out on page 309.

6    All Group Executives and executive Directors are expected to meet their shareholding guidelines within five years of the date of their appointment (Noel Quinn and Ewen Stevenson were appointed on 5 August 2019 and 1 January 2019 respectively). For Group Executives, their shareholding requirement is 250% of salary and unvested shares that are not subject to forward-looking performance conditions (on a net of tax basis) are counted towards their shareholding requirement.

Disclosure of scheme interests awarded

The table below sets out the scheme interests granted to executive Directors during 2021 in respect of performance year 2020, as disclosed in the 2020 Directors’ remuneration report. No non-executive Directors received scheme interests during the financial year.

Scheme awards in 2021
(Audited)
	Type of interest awarded	Basis on which award made	Date of award	Face value awarded1 £000	Percentage receivable for minimum performance	Number of shares awarded	End of performance period
Ewen Stevenson	LTI deferred shares2	% of salary2	1 March 2021	2,716	25	637,197	31 December 2023
Noel Quinn	LTI deferred shares2	% of salary2	1 March 2021	4,767	25	1,118,554	31 December 2023

1The face value of the award has been computed using HSBC's closing share price of £4.262 taken on 26 February 2021. LTI awards are subject to a three-year forward-looking performance period and vest in five equal annual instalments, between the third and seventh anniversary of the award date, subject to performance achieved. On vesting, awards will be subject to a one-year retention period. Awards are subject to malus during the vesting period and clawback for a maximum period of 10 years from the date of the award.

2    In line with regulatory requirements, scheme interests awarded during 2021 were not eligible for dividend equivalents. In accordance with the remuneration policy approved by shareholders at the 2019 AGM, the LTI award was determined at 293% of salary for Noel Quinn and 286% of salary for Ewen Stevenson. The number of shares to be granted was determined by taking HSBC's closing share price of £4.262 taken on 26 February 2021, and applying a discount based on HSBC’s expected dividend yield of 5% per annum for the vesting period (£3.324).

Disclosure of non-executive director compensation

Shares
	Shareholding guidelines (number of shares)	Share interests (number of shares)
Laura Cha (retired on 28 May 2021)	15,000	16,200
Henri de Castries (retired on 28 May 2021)	15,000	19,251
Rachel Duan (appointed to the Board on 1 Sep 2021)	15,000	—
Dame Carolyn Fairbairn (appointed to the Board on 1 Sep 2021)	15,000	—
James Forese	15,000	115,000
Steven Guggenheimer	15,000	15,000
Irene Lee	15,000	15,000
José Antonio Meade Kuribreña	15,000	15,000
Heidi Miller (retired on 28 May 2021)	15,000	15,700
Eileen Murray	15,000	75,000
David Nish	15,000	50,000
Jackson Tai	15,000	66,515
Mark Tucker	15,000	307,352
Pauline van der Meer Mohr	15,000	15,000

Compensation of Key Management Personnel
	2021	2020	2019
	$m	$m	$m
Short-term employee benefits	50	39	64
Other long-term employee benefits	6	5	8
Share-based payments	27	20	27
Year ended 31 Dec	83	64	99

The following table shows the total fees and benefits of non-executive Directors for 2021, together with comparative figures for 2020.

Fees and benefits
(Audited)	Fees1		Benefits2		Total
(£000)	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Henri de Castries3	82	202	22	1	104	203
Laura Cha3, 4	242	587	18	—	260	587
Rachel Duan5	67	—	—	—	67	—
Dame Carolyn Fairbairn6	80	—	—	—	80	—
James Forese7	572	160	—	—	572	160
Steven Guggenheimer8	250	134	—	—	250	134
Irene Lee9	556	546	—	—	556	546
José Antonio Meade Kuribreña10	223	202	—	4	223	206
Heidi Miller3, 11	251	632	19	7	270	639
Eileen Murray12	266	120	—	—	266	120
David Nish13	482	480	10	8	492	488
Jackson Tai	350	355	—	12	350	367
Mark Tucker14	1,500	1,500	33	52	1,533	1,552
Pauline van der Meer Mohr15	291	312	—	2	291	314
Total (£000)	5,212	5,230	102	79	5,314	5,309
Total ($000)	7,169	6,958	140	105	7,309	7,063

1Fees are in line with the Directors' remuneration policy that was approved at the 2019 AGM. Fees include a travel allowance of £4,000 for non-UK based non-executive Directors and for all non-executive Directors effective from 1 June 2019. Given the travel restrictions in place, the Board was unable to travel to attend meetings in person. Therefore, no travel allowance was paid to non-executive Directors during 2021.

2    Benefits include taxable expenses such as accommodation, travel and subsistence relating to attendance at Board and other meetings at HSBC Holdings' registered offices. Amounts disclosed have been grossed up using a tax rate of 45%, where relevant.

3    Retired from the Board on 28 May 2021.

4    Includes fees of £177,000 (2020: £423,800) for her role as non-executive Chair and member of the Nomination Committee of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited.

5    Appointed to the Board and as a member of the Group Remuneration Committee and Nomination & Corporate Governance Committee on 1 September 2021.

6    Appointed to the Board and as a member of the Group Risk Committee, Group Remuneration Committee and Nomination & Corporate Governance Committee on 1 September 2021.

7    Includes fees of £332,000 (2020: £nil) in relation to his role as a non-executive Director of HSBC North America Holdings, Inc. He was appointed as non-executive Chair on 28 May 2021.

8    Appointed as Co-Chair of the Technology Governance Working Group on 1 March 2021.

9    Includes fees of £380,000 (2020: £546,000) in relation to her roles as a Director, Remuneration Committee Chair, Audit Committee member and Risk Committee member of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited and in relation to her role as non-executive Chair of Hang Seng Bank Limited.

10     Appointed to the Group Remuneration Committee on 28 May 2021.

11    Includes fees of £169,000 (2020: £431,000) in relation to her role as non-executive Chair of HSBC North America Holdings, Inc.

12    Appointed as Co-Chair of the Technology Governance Working Group on 1 March 2021. Stepped down as a member of the Group Audit Committee on 28 May 2021.

13    Stepped down as a member of Group Remuneration Committee on 23 February 2021.

14 As previously announced in 2020, a part of the fee for 2021 was donated to charity. The fee shown in the single figure of remuneration is the gross fee before charitable donations.

15    Stepped down as a member of the Group Risk Committee on 28 May 2021.

Disclosure of compensation of key management personnel

Shares
	Shareholding guidelines (number of shares)	Share interests (number of shares)
Laura Cha (retired on 28 May 2021)	15,000	16,200
Henri de Castries (retired on 28 May 2021)	15,000	19,251
Rachel Duan (appointed to the Board on 1 Sep 2021)	15,000	—
Dame Carolyn Fairbairn (appointed to the Board on 1 Sep 2021)	15,000	—
James Forese	15,000	115,000
Steven Guggenheimer	15,000	15,000
Irene Lee	15,000	15,000
José Antonio Meade Kuribreña	15,000	15,000
Heidi Miller (retired on 28 May 2021)	15,000	15,700
Eileen Murray	15,000	75,000
David Nish	15,000	50,000
Jackson Tai	15,000	66,515
Mark Tucker	15,000	307,352
Pauline van der Meer Mohr	15,000	15,000

Compensation of Key Management Personnel
	2021	2020	2019
	$m	$m	$m
Short-term employee benefits	50	39	64
Other long-term employee benefits	6	5	8
Share-based payments	27	20	27
Year ended 31 Dec	83	64	99

The following table shows the total fees and benefits of non-executive Directors for 2021, together with comparative figures for 2020.

Fees and benefits
(Audited)	Fees1		Benefits2		Total
(£000)	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020
Henri de Castries3	82	202	22	1	104	203
Laura Cha3, 4	242	587	18	—	260	587
Rachel Duan5	67	—	—	—	67	—
Dame Carolyn Fairbairn6	80	—	—	—	80	—
James Forese7	572	160	—	—	572	160
Steven Guggenheimer8	250	134	—	—	250	134
Irene Lee9	556	546	—	—	556	546
José Antonio Meade Kuribreña10	223	202	—	4	223	206
Heidi Miller3, 11	251	632	19	7	270	639
Eileen Murray12	266	120	—	—	266	120
David Nish13	482	480	10	8	492	488
Jackson Tai	350	355	—	12	350	367
Mark Tucker14	1,500	1,500	33	52	1,533	1,552
Pauline van der Meer Mohr15	291	312	—	2	291	314
Total (£000)	5,212	5,230	102	79	5,314	5,309
Total ($000)	7,169	6,958	140	105	7,309	7,063

1Fees are in line with the Directors' remuneration policy that was approved at the 2019 AGM. Fees include a travel allowance of £4,000 for non-UK based non-executive Directors and for all non-executive Directors effective from 1 June 2019. Given the travel restrictions in place, the Board was unable to travel to attend meetings in person. Therefore, no travel allowance was paid to non-executive Directors during 2021.

2    Benefits include taxable expenses such as accommodation, travel and subsistence relating to attendance at Board and other meetings at HSBC Holdings' registered offices. Amounts disclosed have been grossed up using a tax rate of 45%, where relevant.

3    Retired from the Board on 28 May 2021.

4    Includes fees of £177,000 (2020: £423,800) for her role as non-executive Chair and member of the Nomination Committee of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited.

5    Appointed to the Board and as a member of the Group Remuneration Committee and Nomination & Corporate Governance Committee on 1 September 2021.

6    Appointed to the Board and as a member of the Group Risk Committee, Group Remuneration Committee and Nomination & Corporate Governance Committee on 1 September 2021.

7    Includes fees of £332,000 (2020: £nil) in relation to his role as a non-executive Director of HSBC North America Holdings, Inc. He was appointed as non-executive Chair on 28 May 2021.

8    Appointed as Co-Chair of the Technology Governance Working Group on 1 March 2021.

9    Includes fees of £380,000 (2020: £546,000) in relation to her roles as a Director, Remuneration Committee Chair, Audit Committee member and Risk Committee member of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited and in relation to her role as non-executive Chair of Hang Seng Bank Limited.

10     Appointed to the Group Remuneration Committee on 28 May 2021.

11    Includes fees of £169,000 (2020: £431,000) in relation to her role as non-executive Chair of HSBC North America Holdings, Inc.

12    Appointed as Co-Chair of the Technology Governance Working Group on 1 March 2021. Stepped down as a member of the Group Audit Committee on 28 May 2021.

13    Stepped down as a member of Group Remuneration Committee on 23 February 2021.

14 As previously announced in 2020, a part of the fee for 2021 was donated to charity. The fee shown in the single figure of remuneration is the gross fee before charitable donations.

15    Stepped down as a member of the Group Risk Committee on 28 May 2021.