10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

OR

☐   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________________to________________

Commission File No.: 0-26823

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	73-1564280
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

1717 South Boulder Avenue, Suite 400, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74119

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(918) 295-7600

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes   [   ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  [X ] Yes   [   ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ☒	Accelerated Filer ☐	Non-Accelerated Filer ☐	Smaller Reporting Company ☐
Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  ☐  Yes   ☒  No

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common units representing limited partner interests	ARLP	NASDAQ Global Select Market

As of August 8, 2022, 127,195,219 common units are outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021	4
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
	1.     Organization and Presentation	5
	2.     New Accounting Standards	7
	3.     Contingencies	7
	4.     Inventories	7
	5.     Fair Value Measurements	8
	6.     Long-Term Debt	8
	7.     Income Taxes	10
	8.    Variable Interest Entities	11
	9.    Investments	13
	10.   Partners' Capital	14
	11.   Revenue from Contracts with Customers	16
	12.   Earnings per Limited Partner Unit	17
	13.   Workers' Compensation and Pneumoconiosis	17
	14.   Common Unit-Based Compensation Plans	18
	15.   Components of Pension Plan Net Periodic Benefit Cost	20
	16.   Segment Information	20
ITEM 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	36
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	36
	Forward-Looking Statements	38
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	40
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	40
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	40
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	40
ITEM 5.	Other Information	41
ITEM 6.	Exhibits	41

i

PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except unit data)

(Unaudited)

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	106,089	$	122,403
Trade receivables		230,577		129,531
Other receivables		431		680
Inventories, net		109,676		60,302
Advance royalties		3,458		4,958
Prepaid expenses and other assets		15,853		21,354
Total current assets		466,084		339,228
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:
Property, plant and equipment, at cost		3,656,835		3,608,347
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization		(1,970,964)		(1,909,669)
Total property, plant and equipment, net		1,685,871		1,698,678
OTHER ASSETS:
Advance royalties		70,800		63,524
Equity method investments		46,388		26,325
Equity securities		32,639		—
Goodwill		4,373		4,373
Operating lease right-of-use assets		14,731		14,158
Other long-term assets		12,305		13,120
Total other assets		181,236		121,500
TOTAL ASSETS	$	2,333,191	$	2,159,406
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	90,408	$	69,586
Accrued taxes other than income taxes		13,972		17,787
Accrued payroll and related expenses		38,796		36,805
Accrued interest		5,000		5,000
Workers' compensation and pneumoconiosis benefits		12,276		12,293
Current finance lease obligations		486		840
Current operating lease obligations		2,157		1,820
Other current liabilities		18,511		17,375
Current maturities, long-term debt, net		14,942		16,071
Total current liabilities		196,548		177,577
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities, net		412,991		418,942
Pneumoconiosis benefits		108,819		107,560
Accrued pension benefit		24,130		25,590
Workers' compensation		38,701		44,911
Asset retirement obligations		124,180		123,517
Long-term finance lease obligations		562		618
Long-term operating lease obligations		12,657		12,366
Deferred income tax liabilities		37,331		391
Other liabilities		25,079		21,865
Total long-term liabilities		784,450		755,760
Total liabilities		980,998		933,337
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - (NOTE 3)
PARTNERS' CAPITAL:
ARLP Partners' Capital:
Limited Partners - Common Unitholders 127,195,219 units outstanding		1,403,733		1,279,183
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(62,645)		(64,229)
Total ARLP Partners' Capital		1,341,088		1,214,954
Noncontrolling interest		11,105		11,115
Total Partners' Capital		1,352,193		1,226,069
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL	$	2,333,191	$	2,159,406

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except unit and per unit data)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Coal sales	$	531,807	$	325,974	$	920,167	$	613,461
Oil & gas royalties		35,927		17,114		66,854		31,113
Transportation revenues		35,385		12,058		64,757		23,126
Other revenues		13,382		7,297		25,586		13,365
Total revenues		616,501		362,443		1,077,364		681,065
EXPENSES:
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)		316,502		213,039		578,248		409,559
Transportation expenses		35,385		12,058		64,757		23,126
Outside coal purchases		151		114		151		114
General and administrative		22,457		17,492		41,053		32,996
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		66,734		64,733		130,048		123,935
Total operating expenses		441,229		307,436		814,257		589,730
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS		175,272		55,007		263,107		91,335
Interest expense (net of interest capitalized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 of $171, $105, $241 and $191, respectively)		(9,397)		(9,842)		(19,059)		(20,238)
Interest income		93		15		128		32
Equity method investment income		1,585		341		2,468		403
Other income (expense)		579		(1,351)		1,145		(2,548)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		168,132		44,170		247,789		68,984
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)		6,331		5		49,046		(7)
NET INCOME		161,801		44,165		198,743		68,991
LESS: NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING INTEREST		(323)		(130)		(613)		(208)
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT - BASIC AND DILUTED	$	1.23	$	0.34	$	1.51	$	0.53
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE NUMBER OF UNITS OUTSTANDING – BASIC AND DILUTED		127,195,219		127,195,219		127,195,219		127,195,219

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
NET INCOME	$	161,801	$	44,165	$	198,743	$	68,991
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
Defined benefit pension plan
Amortization of prior service cost (1)		46		46		93		93
Amortization of net actuarial loss (1)		489		1,142		972		2,283
Total defined benefit pension plan adjustments		535		1,188		1,065		2,376
Pneumoconiosis benefits
Amortization of net actuarial loss (1)		259		1,043		519		2,086
Total pneumoconiosis benefits adjustments		259		1,043		519		2,086
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME		794		2,231		1,584		4,462
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME		162,595		46,396		200,327		73,453
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest		(323)		(130)		(613)		(208)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO ARLP	$	162,272	$	46,266	$	199,714	$	73,245

(1) Amortization of prior service cost and net actuarial loss is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Notes 13 and 15 for additional details).

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022		2021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES	$	235,317	$	158,216
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Property, plant and equipment:
Capital expenditures		(121,982)		(55,626)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities		8,951		1,547
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment		3,373		2,838
Contributions to equity method investments		(20,110)		—
Purchase of equity securities		(32,639)		—
Distributions received from investments in excess of cumulative earnings		47		994
Other		(982)		—
Net cash used in investing activities		(163,342)		(50,247)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings under securitization facility		27,500		35,000
Payments under securitization facility		(27,500)		(52,800)
Payments on equipment financings		(8,696)		(8,535)
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities		—		15,000
Payments under revolving credit facilities		—		(102,500)
Borrowings from line of credit		—		1,830
Payments on finance lease obligations		(410)		(375)
Payment of debt issuance costs		—		(6)
Distributions paid to Partners		(78,560)		(13,045)
Other		(623)		(363)
Net cash used in financing activities		(88,289)		(125,794)
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(16,314)		(17,825)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD		122,403		55,574
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	$	106,089	$	37,749
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest	$	17,506	$	18,817
Cash paid for income taxes	$	10,964	$	11
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH ACTIVITY:
Accounts payable for purchase of property, plant and equipment	$	17,276	$	7,278
Right-of-use assets acquired by operating lease	$	99	$	—

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1.ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

Significant Relationships Referenced in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

● References to "we," "us," "our" or "ARLP Partnership" mean the business and operations of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., the parent company, as well as its consolidated subsidiaries.

● References to "ARLP" mean Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., individually as the parent company, and not on a consolidated basis.

● References to "MGP" mean Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, ARLP's general partner.  

● References to "Mr. Craft" mean Joseph W. Craft III, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP.

● References to "Intermediate Partnership" mean Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P., the intermediate partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.

● References to "Alliance Coal" mean Alliance Coal, LLC, the holding company for our coal mining operations.

● References to "Alliance Minerals" mean Alliance Minerals, LLC, the holding company for our oil and gas mineral interests.

● References to "Alliance Resource Properties" mean Alliance Resource Properties, LLC, the land holding company for certain of our coal mineral interests, including the subsidiaries of Alliance Resource Properties, LLC.

Organization

ARLP is a Delaware limited partnership listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol "ARLP."  ARLP was formed in May 1999 and completed its initial public offering on August 19, 1999 when it acquired substantially all of the coal production and marketing assets of Alliance Resource Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.  We are managed by our general partner, MGP, a Delaware limited liability company which holds a non-economic general partner interest in ARLP.  

Change in Tax Status

On March 15, 2022, Alliance Minerals changed its federal income tax status from a pass-through entity to a taxable entity via a "check the box" election (the "Tax Election"), which became effective January 1, 2022. This election for Alliance Minerals is anticipated to reduce the total income tax burden on our oil & gas royalties, as Alliance Minerals will pay entity-level taxes at corporate tax rates that are well below individual tax rates that would otherwise be paid by our unitholders. For more information on the Tax Election please see Note 7 – Income Taxes.

Francis Investment

On April 5, 2022, we committed to invest up to $50 million in Francis Renewable Energy, LLC ("Francis") through the purchase of preferred equity interests.  Francis currently is active in the installation, management and operation of metered-for-fee, public-access electric vehicle ("EV") charging stations. Francis also develops and constructs EV charging stations for third-party customers.  Our investment in Francis furthers our business strategy to develop strategic relationships and invest in attractive opportunities in the fast-growing energy infrastructure transition.  For more information on this investment please see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities.

5

Infinitum Investment

On April 29, 2022, we purchased $32.6 million of Series D Preferred Stock from Infinitum Electric, Inc. ("Infinitum"), a Texas-based startup developer and manufacturer of electric motors featuring printed circuit board stators which have the potential to result in motors that are smaller, lighter, quieter, more efficient and capable of operating at a fraction of the carbon footprint of conventional electric motors.  The preferred stock provides for non-cumulative dividends when and if declared by Infinitum’s board of directors.  Each share is convertible, at any time, at our option, into shares of common stock of Infinitum.  Our investment in Infinitum furthers our business strategy to develop strategic relationships and invest in attractive opportunities in the fast-growing energy infrastructure transition.  For more information on this investment please see Note 9 – Investments.

NGP ETP IV Investment

On June 2, 2022, we committed to purchase $25.0 million of limited partner interests in NGP ETP IV, L.P. ("NGP ETP IV"), a private equity fund sponsored by NGP Energy Capital Management, LLC ("NGP").   NGP ETP IV focuses on investments that are part of the global transition toward a lower carbon economy by partnering with top tier management teams and investing growth equity in companies that drive or enable the growth of renewable energy, the electrification of our economy or the efficient use of energy. For more information on this investment please see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the ARLP Partnership and present our financial position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the results of our operations and comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.  All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim reporting and do not include all the information normally included with financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") of the United States.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, these condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented.  Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the ARLP Partnership's condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Income Taxes

We are not a taxable entity for federal or state income tax purposes; the tax effect of our activities accrues to our unitholders. Although publicly traded partnerships as a general rule are taxed as corporations, we qualify for an exemption because at least 90% of our income consists of qualifying income, as defined in Section 7704(c) of the Internal Revenue Code.  Net income for financial statement purposes may differ significantly from taxable income reportable to unitholders as a result of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities and the taxable income allocation requirements under our partnership agreement. Individual unitholders have different investment bases depending upon the timing and price of acquisition of their partnership units. Furthermore, each unitholder's tax accounting, which is partially dependent upon the unitholder's tax position, differs from the accounting followed in our consolidated financial statements.  Accordingly, the aggregate difference in the basis of our net assets for financial and tax reporting purposes cannot be readily determined because information regarding each unitholder's tax attributes in our partnership is not available to us.

6

Our subsidiary Alliance Minerals within our Oil & Gas Royalties segment and certain other subsidiaries within our Other, Corporate and Elimination category are subject to federal and state income taxes.  We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of (i) temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities and (ii) operating losses and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are based on enacted rates applicable to the future period when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect of a change in tax status or a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period the change in status is elected or rate change is enacted.  A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

2.NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

In November 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance ("ASU 2021-10").  ASU 2021-10 increases the transparency of government assistance including the disclosure of (1) the types of assistance, (2) an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and (3) the effect of the assistance on an entity’s financial statements.  We adopted ASU 2021-10 on January 1, 2022.  The adoption of ASU 2021-10 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

3.CONTINGENCIES

We are party to litigation that has been initiated against certain of our subsidiaries in which the plaintiffs allege violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and Kentucky Wage and Hour Act due to an alleged failure to compensate for time "donning" and "doffing" equipment and to account for certain bonuses in the calculation of overtime rates and pay.  The plaintiffs seek class or collective action certification.  Because the litigation of these matters is in the early stages, we cannot reasonably estimate a range of potential exposure at this time.  We believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit and our ultimate exposure, if any, will not be material to our results of operations or financial position and we intend to defend the litigation vigorously.  However, if our current belief that the claims are without merit is not upheld, it is reasonably possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters could result in a potential loss that may be material to our results of operations.

We also have various other lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings incidental to our business that are pending against the ARLP Partnership.  We record an accrual for a potential loss related to these matters when, in management's opinion, such loss is probable and reasonably estimable.  Based on known facts and circumstances, we believe the ultimate outcome of these outstanding lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.  However, if the results of these matters are different from management's current expectations and in amounts greater than our accruals, such matters could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.

4.INVENTORIES

Inventories consist of the following:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Coal	$	63,933	$	24,845
Supplies (net of reserve for obsolescence of $5,620 and $5,554, respectively)		45,743		35,457
Total inventories, net	$	109,676	$	60,302

7

5.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes our fair value measurements within the hierarchy not included elsewhere in these notes:

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Long-term debt	$	—	$	428,645	$	—	$	—	$	457,758	$	—
Total	$	—	$	428,645	$	—	$	—	$	457,758	$	—

The carrying amounts for cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments.

The estimated fair value of our long-term debt, including current maturities, is based on interest rates that we believe are currently available to us in active markets for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (See Note 6 – Long-Term Debt).  The fair value of debt, which is based upon these interest rates, is classified as a Level 2 measurement under the fair value hierarchy.

6.LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following:

					Unamortized Discount and
	Principal				Debt Issuance Costs
	June 30,		December 31,		June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Revolving credit facility	$	—	$	—	$	(3,861)	$	(5,019)
Senior notes		400,000		400,000		(2,592)		(3,048)
Securitization facility		—		—		—		—
May 2019 equipment financing		—		1,503		—		—
November 2019 equipment financing		26,587		31,972		—		—
June 2020 equipment financing		7,799		9,605		—		—
		434,386		443,080		(6,453)		(8,067)
Less current maturities		(14,942)		(16,071)		—		—
Total long-term debt	$	419,444	$	427,009	$	(6,453)	$	(8,067)

Credit Facility.  On March 9, 2020, our Intermediate Partnership entered into a Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with various financial institutions.  The Credit Agreement provides for a $459.5 million revolving credit facility, including a sublimit of $125 million for the issuance of letters of credit and a sublimit of $15.0 million for swingline borrowings (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), with a termination date of March 9, 2024.  

The Credit Agreement is guaranteed by certain of our Intermediate Partnership's material direct and indirect subsidiaries (the "Restricted Subsidiaries") and is secured by substantially all the assets of the Restricted Subsidiaries.  The Credit Agreement is also guaranteed by Alliance Minerals but the oil and gas mineral assets of Alliance Minerals and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (collectively with Alliance Minerals, the "Unrestricted Subsidiaries") are not collateral under the Credit Agreement.  Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, at our option, at either (i) the Base Rate at the greater of three benchmarks or (ii) a Eurodollar Rate, plus margins for (i) or (ii), as applicable, that fluctuate depending upon the ratio of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Cash Flow (each as defined in the Credit Agreement).  The Eurodollar Rate, with applicable margin, under the Revolving Credit Facility was 4.14% as of June 30, 2022.  On June 30, 2022, we had $44.1 million of letters of credit outstanding with $415.4 million available for borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility. We incur an annual commitment fee of 0.35% on the undrawn portion of the Revolving Credit Facility.  We utilize the Revolving Credit Facility, as appropriate, for working capital requirements, capital expenditures and investments, scheduled debt payments and distribution payments.  

8

The Credit Agreement contains various restrictions affecting the Intermediate Partnership and its Restricted Subsidiaries including, among other things, restrictions on incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens, sale of assets, investments, mergers and consolidations and transactions with affiliates, including transactions with Unrestricted Subsidiaries.  In each case, these restrictions are subject to various exceptions.  In addition, the payment of cash distributions is restricted if such payment would result in a fixed charge coverage ratio of less than 1.0 to 1.0 (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for the four most recently ended fiscal quarters.  The Credit Agreement requires the Intermediate Partnership to maintain (a) a debt to cash flow ratio of not more than 2.5 to 1.0, (b) a cash flow to interest expense ratio of not less than 3.0 to 1.0 and (c) a first lien debt to cash flow ratio of not more than 1.5 to 1.0, in each case, during the four most recently ended fiscal quarters. The debt to cash flow ratio, cash flow to interest expense ratio and first lien debt to cash flow ratio were 0.74 to 1.0, 15.52 to 1.0 and 0.07 to 1.0, respectively, for the trailing twelve months ended June 30, 2022.  We remained in compliance with the covenants of the Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2022 and anticipate remaining in compliance with the covenants.  

Senior Notes.  On April 24, 2017, the Intermediate Partnership and Alliance Resource Finance Corporation (as co-issuer), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Intermediate Partnership ("Alliance Finance"), issued an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million of senior unsecured notes due 2025 ("Senior Notes") in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers.  The Senior Notes have a term of eight years, maturing on May 1, 2025 (the "Term") and accrue interest at an annual rate of 7.5%.  Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on each May 1 and November 1.  The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains customary terms, events of default and covenants relating to, among other things, the incurrence of debt, the payment of distributions or similar restricted payments, undertaking transactions with affiliates and limitations on asset sales.  The issuers of the Senior Notes may redeem all or a part of the notes at any time at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the Senior Notes.    

Accounts Receivable Securitization.  On December 5, 2014, certain direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of our Intermediate Partnership entered into a $100.0 million accounts receivable securitization facility ("Securitization Facility").  In January 2021, we reduced the borrowing availability under the facility to $60.0 million.  Under the Securitization Facility, certain subsidiaries sell certain trade receivables on an ongoing basis to our Intermediate Partnership, which then sells the trade receivables to AROP Funding, LLC ("AROP Funding"), a wholly owned bankruptcy-remote special purpose subsidiary of our Intermediate Partnership, which in turn borrows on a revolving basis up to $60.0 million secured by the trade receivables.  After the sale, Alliance Coal, as servicer of the assets, collects the receivables on behalf of AROP Funding.  The Securitization Facility bears interest based on a short-term bank yield index.  On June 30, 2022, we had $9.2 million of letters of credit outstanding with $50.8 million available for borrowing under the Securitization Facility. The agreement governing the Securitization Facility contains customary terms and conditions, including limitations with regards to certain customer credit ratings.  The Securitization Facility is scheduled to mature in January 2023.  On June 30, 2022, we had no outstanding balance under the Securitization Facility.  

May 2019 Equipment Financing.  On May 17, 2019, the Intermediate Partnership entered into an equipment financing arrangement accounted for as debt, wherein the Intermediate Partnership received $10.0 million in exchange for conveying its interest in certain equipment owned indirectly by the Intermediate Partnership and entering into a master lease agreement for that equipment (the "May 2019 Equipment Financing"). The May 2019 Equipment Financing contained customary terms and events of default and provided for thirty-six monthly payments with an implicit interest rate of 6.25%.  The May 2019 Equipment Financing matured on May 1, 2022 and the equipment reverted to the Intermediate Partnership.

November 2019 Equipment Financing.  On November 6, 2019, the Intermediate Partnership entered into an equipment financing arrangement accounted for as debt, wherein the Intermediate Partnership received $53.1 million in exchange for conveying its interest in certain equipment owned indirectly by the Intermediate Partnership and entering into a master lease agreement for that equipment (the "November 2019 Equipment Financing").  The November 2019 Equipment Financing contains customary terms and events of default and an implicit interest rate of 4.75%, providing for a four-year term with forty-seven monthly payments of $1.0 million and a balloon payment of $11.6 million upon maturity on November 6, 2023.  Upon maturity, the equipment will revert to the Intermediate Partnership.  

June 2020 Equipment Financing.  On June 5, 2020, the Intermediate Partnership entered into an equipment financing arrangement accounted for as debt, wherein the Intermediate Partnership received $14.7 million in exchange for conveying its interest in certain equipment owned indirectly by the Intermediate Partnership and entering into a master lease agreement for that equipment (the "June 2020 Equipment Financing"). The June 2020 Equipment Financing contains

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customary terms and events of default and provides for forty-eight monthly payments with an implicit interest rate of 6.1%, maturing on June 5, 2024. Upon maturity, the equipment will revert to the Intermediate Partnership.

7.INCOME TAXES

Components of income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Current:
Federal	$	6,175	$	—	$	11,209	$	(1)
State		445		—		831		—
		6,620		—		12,040		(1)
Deferred:
Federal		(255)		5		34,665		(6)
State		(34)		—		2,341		—
		(289)		5		37,006		(6)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	6,331	$	5	$	49,046	$	(7)

Alliance Minerals' Tax Election resulted in the recognition of an initial deferred tax liability of $37.3 million and a corresponding increase to income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022.  This increase in income tax expense reduced net income by $37.3 million, or approximately $0.29 per basic and diluted limited partner unit, for the six months ended June 30, 2022. Recognition of the initial deferred tax liability and expense is primarily the result of the $177.0 million non-cash acquisition gain recognized in 2019 related to the acquisition of the remaining interests in AllDale Minerals LP ("AllDale I") and AllDale Minerals II, LP ("AllDale II", and collectively with AllDale I, "AllDale I & II") (the “Acquisition Gain”).  The Acquisition Gain was recognized to step up to fair value the financial reporting basis of the interests we already owned at the time of acquisition. The tax basis of the underlying properties of AllDale I & II did not include the Acquisition Gain.

Reconciliations of income taxes at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to income taxes at our effective tax rate are as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Income taxes at statutory rate	$	30,738	$	9,276	$	47,466	$	14,487
Less: Income taxes at statutory rate on Partnership income not subject to income taxes		(25,018)		(9,141)		(37,105)		(14,174)
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
State taxes, net of federal income tax		457		34		818		72
Change in valuation allowance of deferred tax assets		11		(142)		1		(305)
Deferred taxes related to tax election		—		—		37,253		—
Other		143		(22)		613		(87)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	6,331	$	5	$	49,046	$	(7)

The effective income tax rate for our income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 is less than the federal statutory rate, primarily due to the portion of income not subject to income taxes, partially offset by the effect of the Tax Election previously discussed. The effective income tax rate for our income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is greater than the federal statutory rate, primarily due to the effect of the Tax Election, partially offset by the portion of income not subject to income taxes. The effective income tax rate for our income tax expense (benefit) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 is less than the federal statutory rate, primarily due to the portion of income not subject to income taxes.

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Significant components of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets are as follows:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment	$	(38,710)	$	(2,169)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(38,710)		(2,169)
Deferred tax assets:
Federal loss carryovers and credits		933		1,328
Other		764		808
Total deferred tax assets		1,697		2,136
Less valuation allowance		(318)		(317)
Net deferred tax assets		1,379		1,819
Overall net deferred tax liabilities	$	(37,331)	$	(350)

The change in deferred tax liabilities for property, plant and equipment is primarily as a result of the Alliance Minerals’ Tax Election and associated impact of the Acquisition Gain discussed above.  

Federal loss carryovers and credits are primarily due to net operating losses and research and development credits associated with the operations of other subsidiaries that are taxable for federal income tax purposes.  

The valuation allowance as of June 30, 2022 and 2021 serves to reduce the available deferred tax assets to amounts that will, more likely than not, be realized.  We considered all available positive and negative evidence, which incorporates available tax planning strategies and our estimate of future reversals of existing temporary differences, and have determined that a portion of our deferred tax assets relating to state losses and credits may not be realized.

Our 2018 through 2021 tax years remain open to examination by tax authorities.

8.VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Cavalier Minerals

On November 10, 2014, our subsidiary, Alliance Minerals, and Bluegrass Minerals Management, LLC ("Bluegrass Minerals") entered into a limited liability company agreement (the "Cavalier Agreement") to create Cavalier Minerals JV, LLC ("Cavalier Minerals"), which was formed to indirectly acquire oil & gas mineral interests through its ownership in AllDale I & II.  Alliance Minerals owns a 96% member interest in Cavalier Minerals, and Bluegrass Minerals owns a 4% member interest in Cavalier Minerals and a profits interest which entitles it to receive distributions equal to 25% of all distributions (including in liquidation) after all members have recovered their investment.  Distributions with respect to Bluegrass Minerals' profits interest will be offset by all distributions received by Bluegrass Minerals from the former general partners of AllDale I & II.  To date, there has been no profits interest distribution.  We hold the managing member interest in Cavalier Minerals.  Total contributions to and cumulative distributions from Cavalier Minerals are as follows:  

	Alliance		Bluegrass
	Minerals		Minerals
	(in thousands)
Contributions	$	143,112	$	5,963
Distributions		124,945		5,205

We have concluded that Cavalier Minerals is a variable interest entity ("VIE") which we consolidate as the primary beneficiary because we are the managing member and a substantial equity owner in Cavalier Minerals.  Bluegrass Minerals' equity ownership of Cavalier Minerals is accounted for as noncontrolling ownership interest in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.  In addition, earnings attributable to Bluegrass Minerals are recognized as noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

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AllDale III

In February 2017, Alliance Minerals committed to directly invest $30.0 million in AllDale Minerals III, LP ("AllDale III") which was created for similar investment purposes as AllDale I & II.  Alliance Minerals completed funding of this commitment in 2018. Alliance Minerals' limited partner interest in AllDale III is 13.9%.

The AllDale III Partnership Agreement includes a 25% profits interest for the general partner, subject to a return hurdle equal to the greater of 125% of cumulative capital contributions and a 10% internal rate of return, and following an 80/20 "catch-up" provision for the general partner.  

Since AllDale III is structured as a limited partnership with the limited partners (i) not having the ability to remove the general partner and (ii) not participating significantly in the operational decisions, we concluded that AllDale III is a VIE.  We are not the primary beneficiary of AllDale III as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact AllDale III's economic performance.  We account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of AllDale III as an equity method investment.  We record equity income or loss based on AllDale III's distribution structure. See Note 9 – Investments for more information.

Francis

On April 5, 2022, we committed to invest up to $50 million in Francis through the purchase of preferred equity interests. We funded the first $20 million on April 5, 2022, in the form of a convertible note with a maturity date of April 1, 2023.  Our convertible note represents a 15.4% ownership interest in Francis.  The note converts into preferred equity interests in Francis at maturity, or any time prior at our option.  We have determined the note more closely represents equity as opposed to debt. Therefore, we will account for the convertible note as an equity contribution even though we will not participate in Francis’ earnings or losses and will not be eligible to receive distributions until the note converts. We have options to acquire the remaining preferred equity interests as part of our investment.

We have concluded that Francis is a VIE as the management structure is similar to a limited partnership with the non-managing members (i) not having the ability to remove the managing member and (ii) not participating significantly in the operational decisions.  We are not the primary beneficiary of Francis as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Francis's economic performance. We account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of Francis as an equity method investment. We record equity income or loss based on Francis’ distribution structure. See Note 9 – Investments for more information.

NGP ETP IV

On June 2, 2022, we committed to purchase $25.0 million of limited partner interests in NGP ETP IV, a private equity fund sponsored by NGP and focused on investments that are part of the global transition toward a lower carbon economy. We funded $0.1 million on June 21, 2022.  Our final ownership percentage in NGP ETP IV is not yet known.

We have concluded that NGP ETP IV is a VIE as it is structured as a limited partnership with limited partners (i) not having the ability to remove the general partner and (ii) not participating significantly in the operational decisions. We are not the primary beneficiary of NGP ETP IV as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact NGP ETP IV's economic performance.  We account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of NGP ETP IV as an equity method investment. See Note 9 – Investments for more information.

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9.INVESTMENTS

AllDale III

As discussed in Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities, we account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of AllDale III as an equity method investment.  The changes in our equity method investment in AllDale III for each of the periods presented were as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	26,194	$	26,907	$	26,325	$	27,268
Equity method investment income		1,585		341		2,468		403
Distributions received		(1,501)		(974)		(2,515)		(1,397)
Ending balance	$	26,278	$	26,274	$	26,278	$	26,274

Francis

As discussed in Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities, we accounted for our ownership interest in the income or loss of Francis as an equity method investment. The changes in our equity method investment in Francis for three months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	—
Contributions		20,000
Ending balance	$	20,000

NGP ETP IV

As discussed in Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities, we account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of NGP ETP IV as an equity method investment. The changes in our equity method investment in NGP ETP IV for three months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	—
Contributions		110
Ending balance	$	110

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Infinitum

On April 29, 2022, we purchased $32.6 million of Series D Preferred Stock from Infinitum, a Texas-based startup developer and manufacturer of electric motors featuring printed circuit board stators.  The preferred stock provides for non-cumulative dividends when and if declared by Infinitum’s board of directors. Each share is convertible, at any time, at our option, into shares of common stock of Infinitum. We account for our ownership interest in Infinitum as an equity investment without a readily determinable fair value.  It is not practicable to estimate the fair value of our investment in Infinitum because of the lack of a quoted market price for our ownership interests.  Therefore, we use a measurement alternative other than fair value to account for our investment. There were no changes in our investment in Infinitum for three months ended June 30, 2022.During the period we have not observed any price changes that have occurred to identical or similar securities sold by Infinitum that would indicate an adjustment to the fair value of our investment is warranted.

10.PARTNERS' CAPITAL

Distributions

Distributions paid or declared during 2021 and 2022 were as follows:

Payment Date	Per Unit Cash Distribution		Total Cash Distribution
			(in thousands)
May 14, 2021	$	0.1000	$	13,045
August 13, 2021		0.1000		13,041
November 12, 2021		0.2000		26,072
Total	$	0.4000	$	52,158
February 14, 2022	$	0.2500	$	32,750
May 13, 2022		0.3500		45,810
August 12, 2022 (1)		0.4000		—
Total	$	1.0000	$	78,560

(1) On July 26, 2022, we declared this quarterly distribution payable on August 12, 2022 to all unitholders of record as of August 5, 2022.  

Unit Repurchase Program

In May 2018, the MGP board of directors approved the establishment of a unit repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase and retire up to $100 million of ARLP common units.  The program has no time limit and we may repurchase units from time to time in the open market or in other privately negotiated transactions. The unit repurchase program authorization does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of units.  No unit repurchases were made during the six months ended June 30, 2022.  Since inception of the unit repurchase program, we have repurchased and retired 5,460,639 units at an average unit price of $17.12 for an aggregate purchase price of $93.5 million. The remaining authorized amount for unit repurchases under this program is $6.5 million.

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Change in Partners' Capital

The following tables present the quarterly change in Partners' Capital for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

				Accumulated
	Number of	Limited		Other
	Limited Partner	Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Units	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands, except unit data)
Balance at January 1, 2022	127,195,219	$	1,279,183	$	(64,229)	$	11,115	$	1,226,069
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		36,652		—		290		36,942
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		790		—		790
Total comprehensive income									37,732
Common unit-based compensation	—		2,640		—		—		2,640
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(950)		—		—		(950)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(298)		(298)
Distributions to Partners	—		(31,800)		—		—		(31,800)
Balance at March 31, 2022	127,195,219		1,285,725		(63,439)		11,107		1,233,393
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		161,478		—		323		161,801
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		794		—		794
Total comprehensive income									162,595
Common unit-based compensation	—		2,340		—		—		2,340
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(1,292)		—		—		(1,292)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(325)		(325)
Distributions to Partners	—		(44,518)		—		—		(44,518)
Balance at June 30, 2022	127,195,219	$	1,403,733	$	(62,645)	$	11,105	$	1,352,193

				Accumulated
	Number of	Limited		Other
	Limited Partner	Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Units	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands, except unit data)
Balance at January 1, 2021	127,195,219	$	1,148,565	$	(87,674)	$	11,376	$	1,072,267
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		24,748		—		78		24,826
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		2,231		—		2,231
Total comprehensive income									27,057
Common unit-based compensation	—		723		—		—		723
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(141)		(141)
Balance at March 31, 2021	127,195,219		1,174,036		(85,443)		11,313		1,099,906
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		44,035		—		130		44,165
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		2,231		—		2,231
Total comprehensive loss									46,396
Common unit-based compensation	—		1,485		—		—		1,485
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(324)		—		—		(324)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(222)		(222)
Distributions to Partners	—		(12,721)		—		—		(12,721)
Balance at June 30, 2021	127,195,219	$	1,206,511	$	(83,212)	$	11,221	$	1,134,520

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11.REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The following table illustrates the disaggregation of our revenues by type, including a reconciliation to our segment presentation as presented in Note 16 – Segment Information.

	Coal Operations				Royalties				Other,
	Illinois								Corporate and
	Basin		Appalachia		Oil & Gas		Coal		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Coal sales	$	290,389	$	241,418	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	531,807
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		35,927		—		—		35,927
Coal royalties		—		—		—		14,525		(14,525)		—
Transportation revenues		21,449		13,936		—		—		—		35,385
Other revenues		1,659		328		652		—		10,743		13,382
Total revenues	$	313,497	$	255,682	$	36,579	$	14,525	$	(3,782)	$	616,501
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Coal sales	$	210,157	$	115,817	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	325,974
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		17,114		—		—		17,114
Coal royalties		—		—		—		11,653		(11,653)		—
Transportation revenues		7,434		4,624		—		—		—		12,058
Other revenues		642		282		473		—		5,900		7,297
Total revenues	$	218,233	$	120,723	$	17,587	$	11,653	$	(5,753)	$	362,443
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Coal sales	$	544,294	$	375,873	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	920,167
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		66,854		—		—		66,854
Coal royalties		—		—		—		29,692		(29,692)		—
Transportation revenues		40,340		24,417		—		—		—		64,757
Other revenues		3,559		691		686		—		20,650		25,586
Total revenues	$	588,193	$	400,981	$	67,540	$	29,692	$	(9,042)	$	1,077,364
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Coal sales	$	392,798	$	220,663	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	613,461
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		31,113		—		—		31,113
Coal royalties		—		—		—		22,954		(22,954)		—
Transportation revenues		15,114		8,012		—		—		—		23,126
Other revenues		1,255		667		494		—		10,949		13,365
Total revenues	$	409,167	$	229,342	$	31,607	$	22,954	$	(12,005)	$	681,065

The following table illustrates the amount of our transaction price for all current coal supply contracts allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of June 30, 2022 and disaggregated by segment and contract duration.

							2025 and
	2022		2023		2024		Thereafter		Total
	(in thousands)
Illinois Basin Coal Operations coal revenues	$	650,837	$	729,307	$	361,381	$	290,746	$	2,032,271
Appalachia Coal Operations coal revenues		381,828		335,595		236,536		40,701		994,660
Total coal revenues (1)	$	1,032,665	$	1,064,902	$	597,917	$	331,447	$	3,026,931

(1) Coal revenues generally consists of consolidated revenues excluding our Oil & Gas Royalties segment as well as intercompany revenues from our Coal Royalties segment.

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12.EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT

We utilize the two-class method in calculating basic and diluted earnings per limited partner unit ("EPU").  Net income attributable to ARLP is allocated to limited partners and participating securities under deferred compensation plans, which include rights to nonforfeitable distributions or distribution equivalents.  Net losses attributable to ARLP are allocated to limited partners but not to participating securities.  Our participating securities are outstanding restricted unit awards under our Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP") and phantom units in notional accounts under our Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") and the MGP Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors ("Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan").

The following is a reconciliation of net income attributable to ARLP used for calculating basic and diluted earnings per unit and the weighted-average units used in computing EPU for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands, except per unit data)
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Less:
Distributions to participating securities		(1,720)		(401)		(3,272)		(619)
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities		(3,645)		(825)		(3,245)		(934)
Net income attributable to ARLP available to limited partners	$	156,113	$	42,809	$	191,613	$	67,230
Weighted-average limited partner units outstanding – basic and diluted		127,195		127,195		127,195		127,195
Earnings per limited partner unit - basic and diluted (1)	$	1.23	$	0.34	$	1.51	$	0.53

(1) Diluted EPU gives effect to all potentially dilutive common units outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Diluted EPU excludes all potentially dilutive units calculated under the treasury stock method if their effect is anti-dilutive.  The combined total of LTIP, SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan units of 3,529 and 3,289 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, and 1,525 and 1,397 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, were considered anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method.

13.WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS

The changes in the workers' compensation liability, including current and long-term liability balances, for each of the periods presented were as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	53,206	$	54,233	$	53,448	$	54,739
Accruals increase		2,271		1,565		4,546		3,237
Payments		(3,278)		(2,565)		(6,082)		(4,975)
Interest accretion		287		231		574		463
Valuation gain (1)		(5,265)		(1,405)		(5,265)		(1,405)
Ending balance	$	47,221	$	52,059	$	47,221	$	52,059

(1) Our estimate of the liability for the present value of current workers′ compensation benefits is based on our actuarial calculations.  Our actuarial calculations are based on a blend of actuarial projection methods and numerous

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assumptions including claims development patterns, mortality, medical costs and interest rates.  The valuation gain in 2022 is due to an increase in the discount rate from 2.41% on December 31, 2021 to 4.22% on June 30, 2022.  The valuation gain in 2021 is due to an increase in the discount rate from 1.95% on December 31, 2020 to 2.34% on June 30, 2021.

We limit our exposure to traumatic injury claims by purchasing a high deductible insurance policy that starts paying benefits after deductibles for a claim have been met.  The deductible level may vary by claim year.  Our workers' compensation liability above is presented on a gross basis and does not include our expected receivables on our insurance policy.  Our receivables for traumatic injury claims under this policy as of June 30, 2022 are $5.7 million and are included in Other long-term assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Certain of our mine operating entities are liable under state statutes and the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, as amended, to pay pneumoconiosis, or black lung, benefits to eligible employees and former employees and their dependents.  Components of the net periodic benefit cost for each of the periods presented are as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	954	$	989	$	1,901	$	2,020
Interest cost (1)		749		637		1,496		1,273
Net amortization (1)		259		1,043		519		2,086
Net periodic benefit cost	$	1,962	$	2,669	$	3,916	$	5,379

(1) Interest cost and net amortization are included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.

14.COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

Long-Term Incentive Plan

We maintain the LTIP for certain employees and officers of MGP and its affiliates who perform services for us.  As part of our LTIP, unit awards of non-vested "phantom" or notional units, also referred to as "restricted units", may be granted which upon satisfaction of time and performance-based vesting requirements, entitle the LTIP participant to receive ARLP common units.  Certain awards may also contain a minimum-value guarantee payable in ARLP common units or cash that would be paid regardless of whether or not the awards vest, as long as service requirements are met.  Annual grant levels, vesting provisions and minimum-value guarantees of restricted units for designated participants are recommended by Mr. Craft, subject to review and approval of the compensation committee of the MGP board of directors (the "Compensation Committee").  Vesting of all restricted units outstanding is subject to the satisfaction of certain financial tests. If it is not probable the financial tests for a particular grant of restricted units will be met, any previously expensed amounts for that grant are reversed and no future expense will be recognized for that grant.  Assuming the financial tests are met, grants of restricted units issued to LTIP participants are generally expected to cliff vest on January 1st of the third year following issuance of the grants.  We expect to settle restricted unit grants by delivery of newly-issued ARLP common units, except for the portion of the grants that will satisfy employee tax withholding obligations of LTIP participants.  We account for forfeitures of non-vested LTIP restricted unit grants as they occur.  As provided under the distribution equivalent rights ("DERs") provisions of the LTIP and the terms of the LTIP restricted unit awards, all non-vested restricted units include contingent rights to receive quarterly distributions in cash or, at the discretion of the Compensation Committee, phantom units in lieu of cash credited to a bookkeeping account with value equal to the cash distributions we make to unitholders during the vesting period. If it is not probable the financial tests for a particular grant of restricted units will be met, any previously paid DER amounts for that grant are reversed from Partners’ Capital and recorded as compensation expense and future DERs for that grant, if any, will be recognized as compensation expense when paid.  

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A summary of non-vested LTIP grants as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is as follows:

	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)
Non-vested grants at January 1, 2022	3,130,475	$	5.59	$	39,569
Granted (1)	687,719		13.34
Forfeited	(165,224)		6.72
Non-vested grants at June 30, 2022	3,652,970		7.00		66,594

(1) The restricted units granted during 2022 have minimum-value guarantees of either $9.62 or $6.41 per unit, regardless of whether or not the awards vest.

LTIP expense for grants of restricted units was $2.1 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $4.4 million and $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  The total obligation associated with LTIP grants of restricted units as of June 30, 2022 was $11.0 million and is included in the partners' capital Limited partners-common unitholders line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.  As of June 30, 2022, there was $14.5 million in total unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested LTIP restricted unit grants that are expected to vest.  That expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan

We utilize the SERP to provide deferred compensation benefits for certain officers and key employees. All allocations made to participants under the SERP are made in the form of "phantom" ARLP units and SERP distributions will be settled in the form of ARLP common units.  The SERP is administered by the Compensation Committee.  

Our directors participate in the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan. Pursuant to the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan, for amounts deferred either automatically or at the election of the director, a notional account is established and credited with notional common units of ARLP, described in the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan as "phantom" units.  Distributions from the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan will be settled in the form of ARLP common units.

For both the SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan, when quarterly cash distributions are made with respect to ARLP common units, an amount equal to such quarterly distribution is credited to each participant's notional account as additional phantom units.  All grants of phantom units under the SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan vest immediately.

A summary of SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan activity as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is as follows:

	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)
Phantom units outstanding as of January 1, 2022	668,698	$	20.37	$	8,452
Granted	25,359		15.80
Phantom units outstanding as of June 30, 2022	694,057		20.20		12,653

Total SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan expense was $0.3 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $0.6 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  As of June 30, 2022, the total obligation associated with the SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan was $14.0 million and is included in the partners' capital Limited partners-common unitholders line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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15.COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS

Eligible employees at certain of our mining operations participate in a defined benefit plan (the "Pension Plan") that we sponsor.  The Pension Plan is currently closed to new applicants and participants in the Pension Plan are no longer receiving benefit accruals for service.  The benefit formula for the Pension Plan is a fixed dollar unit based on years of service.  Components of the net periodic benefit cost for each of the periods presented are as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Interest cost	$	936	$	860	$	1,868	$	1,720
Expected return on plan assets		(1,664)		(1,671)		(3,329)		(3,342)
Amortization of prior service cost		46		46		93		93
Amortization of net loss		489		1,142		972		2,283
Net periodic benefit cost (1)	$	(193)	$	377	$	(396)	$	754

(1) Net periodic benefit cost for the Pension Plan is included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.

As a result of certain pension plan contribution relief provided by the American Rescue Plan Act enacted in March 2021, we do not expect to make contributions to the Pension Plan during 2022.

16.SEGMENT INFORMATION

We operate in the United States as a diversified natural resource company that generates operating and royalty income from the production and marketing of coal to major domestic and international utilities and industrial users as well as royalty income from oil & gas mineral interests.  We aggregate multiple operating segments into four reportable segments, Illinois Basin Coal Operations, Appalachia Coal Operations, Oil & Gas Royalties and Coal Royalties.  We also have an "all other" category referred to as Other, Corporate and Elimination.  Our two coal operations reportable segments correspond to major coal producing regions in the eastern United States with similar economic characteristics including coal quality, geology, coal marketing opportunities, mining and transportation methods and regulatory issues.  The two coal operations reportable segments include seven mining complexes operating in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Pennsylvania and West Virginia and a coal-loading terminal in Indiana on the Ohio River.  Our Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment includes our oil & gas mineral interests which are located primarily in the Permian (Delaware and Midland), Anadarko (SCOOP/STACK) and Williston (Bakken) basins.  The operations within our Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment primarily include receiving royalties and lease bonuses for our oil & gas mineral interests. Our Coal Royalties reportable segment includes coal mineral reserves and resources owned or leased by Alliance Resource Properties, which are either (a) leased to our mining complexes or (b) near our coal mining operations but not yet leased.

The Illinois Basin Coal Operations reportable segment includes operating mining complexes (a) the Gibson County Coal, LLC mining complex, (b) the Warrior Coal, LLC mining complex, (c) the River View Coal, LLC mining complex and (d) the Hamilton County Coal, LLC mining complex. The segment also includes our Mt. Vernon Transfer Terminal, LLC coal-loading terminal in Indiana which operates on the Ohio River, Mid-America Carbonates, LLC and other support services, and our non-operating Illinois Basin mining complexes.    

The Appalachia Coal Operations reportable segment includes operating mining complexes (a) the Mettiki mining complex, (b) the Tunnel Ridge, LLC mining complex and (c) the MC Mining, LLC mining complex. The Mettiki mining complex includes Mettiki Coal (WV), LLC's Mountain View mine and Mettiki Coal, LLC's preparation plant.  

The Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment includes oil & gas mineral interests held by AR Midland, LP ("AR Midland") and AllDale I & II and includes Alliance Minerals' equity interests in both AllDale III (Note 9 – Investments) and Cavalier Minerals.

The Coal Royalties reportable segment includes coal mineral reserves and resources owned or leased by Alliance Resource Properties that are (a) leased to certain of our mining complexes in both the Illinois Basin Coal Operations and

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Appalachia Coal Operations reportable segments or (b) located near our operations and external mining operations.  Approximately two thirds of the coal sold by our Coal Operations' mines is leased from our Coal Royalties entities.

Other, Corporate and Elimination includes marketing and administrative activities, Matrix Design Group, LLC, its subsidiaries, and Alliance Design Group, LLC (collectively referred to as the "Matrix Group"), our investments in Francis, Infinitum and NGP ETP IV (see Note 9 – Investments), Wildcat Insurance, LLC, which assists the ARLP Partnership with its insurance requirements, AROP Funding and Alliance Finance (both discussed in Note 6 – Long-Term Debt), Pontiki Coal, LLC's workers' compensation and pneumoconiosis liabilities and other miscellaneous activities.  The eliminations included in Other, Corporate and Elimination primarily represent the intercompany coal royalty transactions described above between our Coal Royalties reportable segment and our coal operations' mines.

Reportable segment results are presented below.

	Coal Operations				Royalties				Other,
	Illinois								Corporate and
	Basin		Appalachia		Oil & Gas		Coal		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues - Outside	$	313,497	$	255,682	$	36,579	$	—	$	10,743	$	616,501
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		14,525		(14,525)		—
Total revenues (1)		313,497		255,682		36,579		14,525		(3,782)		616,501
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		194,697		117,369		3,234		5,398		(4,624)		316,074
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		97,352		124,377		34,609		9,127		839		266,304
Capital expenditures		35,343		22,491		—		—		4,995		62,829
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues - Outside	$	218,233	$	120,723	$	17,587	$	—	$	5,900	$	362,443
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		11,653		(11,653)		—
Total revenues (1)		218,233		120,723		17,587		11,653		(5,753)		362,443
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		140,176		74,456		2,419		4,871		(7,418)		214,504
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		70,623		41,641		15,379		6,782		1,667		136,092
Capital expenditures		12,515		10,382		—		—		1,292		24,189
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues - Outside	$	588,193	$	400,981	$	67,540	$	—	$	20,650	$	1,077,364
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		29,692		(29,692)		—
Total revenues (1)		588,193		400,981		67,540		29,692		(9,042)		1,077,364
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		372,286		201,084		6,235		10,217		(12,568)		577,254
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		175,567		175,480		63,161		19,475		3,525		437,208
Total assets		748,291		457,724		667,278		288,509		171,389		2,333,191
Capital expenditures		71,890		40,836		—		—		9,256		121,982
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues - Outside	$	409,167	$	229,342	$	31,607	$	—	$	10,949	$	681,065
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		22,954		(22,954)		—
Total revenues (1)		409,167		229,342		31,607		22,954		(12,005)		681,065
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		265,757		148,182		4,477		8,899		(15,094)		412,221
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		128,296		73,147		27,325		14,055		3,090		245,913
Total assets		726,555		425,574		604,355		292,134		66,895		2,115,513
Capital expenditures		28,916		22,048		—		—		4,662		55,626

(1) Revenues included in the Other, Corporate and Elimination column are attributable to intercompany eliminations, which are primarily intercompany coal royalty eliminations, outside revenues at the Matrix Group and other outside miscellaneous sales and revenue activities.

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(2) Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense includes operating expenses, coal purchases and other income. Transportation expenses are excluded as transportation revenues are recognized in an amount equal to transportation expenses when title passes to the customer.  

The following is a reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense to Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	$	316,074	$	214,504	$	577,254	$	412,221
Outside coal purchases		(151)		(114)		(151)		(114)
Other income (expense)		579		(1,351)		1,145		(2,548)
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	$	316,502	$	213,039	$	578,248	$	409,559

(3) Segment Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income attributable to ARLP before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization, and general and administrative expenses.  Management therefore is able to focus solely on the evaluation of segment operating profitability as it relates to our revenues and operating expenses, which are primarily controlled by our segments.  Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA is reconciled to net income as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	266,304	$	136,092	$	437,208	$	245,913
General and administrative		(22,457)		(17,492)		(41,053)		(32,996)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		(66,734)		(64,733)		(130,048)		(123,935)
Interest expense, net		(9,304)		(9,827)		(18,931)		(20,206)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(6,331)		(5)		(49,046)		7
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Noncontrolling interest		323		130		613		208
Net income	$	161,801	$	44,165	$	198,743	$	68,991

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ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Significant relationships referenced in this management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations include the following:

● References to "we," "us," "our" or "ARLP Partnership" mean the business and operations of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., the parent company, as well as its consolidated subsidiaries.

● References to "ARLP" mean Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., individually as the parent company, and not on a consolidated basis.

● References to "MGP" mean Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, ARLP's general partner.  

● References to "Mr. Craft" mean Joseph W. Craft III, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP.

● References to "Intermediate Partnership" mean Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P., the intermediate partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.

● References to "Alliance Coal" mean Alliance Coal, LLC, the holding company for our coal mining operations.

● References to "Alliance Minerals" mean Alliance Minerals, LLC, the holding company for our oil and gas mineral interests.

● References to "Alliance Resource Properties" mean Alliance Resource Properties, LLC, the land holding company for certain of our coal mineral interests, including the subsidiaries of Alliance Resource Properties, LLC.

Summary

We are a diversified natural resource company operating in the United States that generates operating and royalty income from the production and marketing of coal to major domestic and international utilities and industrial users as well as royalty income from oil & gas mineral interests located in strategic producing regions across the United States.  We began coal mining operations in 1971 and, since then, have grown through acquisitions and internal development in strategic producing regions to become the largest coal producer in the eastern United States.  Our mining operations are located near many of the major eastern utility generating plants and on major coal hauling railroads in the eastern United States.  Two of our mines have loading facilities located on the banks of the Ohio River.   As is customary in the coal industry, we have entered into long-term coal supply agreements with many of our customers.  In addition to our mining operations, in 2007, Alliance Resource Properties began acquiring control of coal mineral interests and leasing the coal mineral reserves and resources to our mining operations.  In 2014, we began acquiring oil & gas mineral interests in premier oil & gas producing regions across the United States.  

We have four reportable segments, Illinois Basin Coal Operations, Appalachia Coal Operations, Oil & Gas Royalties and Coal Royalties.  We also have an "all other" category referred to as Other, Corporate and Elimination.  Our two coal operations reportable segments correspond to major coal producing regions in the eastern United States with similar economic characteristics including coal quality, geology, coal marketing opportunities, mining and transportation methods and regulatory issues.  The two coal operations reportable segments include seven mining complexes operating in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Pennsylvania and West Virginia and a coal-loading terminal in Indiana on the Ohio River.  Our Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment includes our oil & gas mineral interests which are located primarily in the Permian (Delaware and Midland), Anadarko (SCOOP/STACK), and Williston (Bakken) basins. Our ownership in these basins includes approximately 57,000 net royalty acres, which provides us with diversified exposure to industry leading operators consistent with our general strategy to grow our oil & gas mineral interest business.  We market our oil & gas mineral interests for lease to operators in those regions and generate royalty income from the leasing and development of those mineral interests.  Our Coal Royalties reportable segment includes coal mineral reserves and resources owned or leased by Alliance Resource Properties, which are either a) leased to our mining complexes or (b) near our coal mining operations but not yet leased.        

● Illinois Basin Coal Operations reportable segment includes operating mining complexes (a) the Gibson County Coal, LLC mining complex, which includes the Gibson South mine, (b) the Warrior Coal, LLC mining complex, (c) the River View Coal, LLC ("River View") mining complex and (d) the Hamilton County Coal, LLC ("Hamilton") mining complex. The segment also includes our Mt. Vernon Transfer Terminal, LLC ("Mt.

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Vernon") coal-loading terminal in Indiana which operates on the Ohio River, Mid-America Carbonates, LLC and other support services, and our non-operating Illinois Basin mining complexes.

● Appalachia Coal Operations reportable segment includes operating mining complexes (a) the Mettiki mining complex, (b) the Tunnel Ridge, LLC ("Tunnel Ridge") mining complex and (c) the MC Mining, LLC ("MC Mining") mining complex. The Mettiki mining complex includes Mettiki Coal (WV), LLC's Mountain View mine and Mettiki Coal, LLC's preparation plant.  

● Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment includes oil & gas mineral interests held by AR Midland, LP and AllDale I & II and includes Alliance Minerals' equity interests in both AllDale III and Cavalier Minerals.  Please read "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 9 – Investments" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on AllDale III.

● Coal Royalties reportable segment includes coal mineral reserves and resources owned or leased by Alliance Resource Properties that are (a) leased to certain of our mining complexes in both the Illinois Basin Coal Operations and Appalachia Coal Operations reportable segments or (b) located near our operations and external mining operations.  Approximately two thirds of the coal sold by our Coal Operations' mines is leased from our Coal Royalties entities.

● Other, Corporate and Elimination includes marketing and administrative activities, Matrix Design Group, LLC and its subsidiaries ("Matrix Design"), Alliance Design Group, LLC ("Alliance Design") (collectively, Matrix Design and Alliance Design referred to as the "Matrix Group"), our investments in Francis Renewable Energy, LLC ("Francis"), Infinitum Electric, Inc. ("Infinitum") and NGP ETP IV, L.P. ("NGP ETP IV"), Wildcat Insurance, LLC ("Wildcat Insurance"), which assists the ARLP Partnership with its insurance requirements, AROP Funding, LLC ("AROP Funding") and Alliance Resource Finance Corporation ("Alliance Finance"), Pontiki Coal, LLC's workers' compensation and pneumoconiosis liabilities and other miscellaneous activities.  The eliminations included in Other, Corporate and Elimination primarily represent the intercompany coal royalty transactions described above between our Coal Royalties reportable segment and our coal operations' mines.  Please read "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 9 – Investments" and —Note 6 – Long-Term Debt" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on our investments in Francis, Infinitum and NGP ETP IV as well as AROP Funding and Alliance Finance.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2021

Total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 ("2022 Quarter") increased 70.1% to a record $616.5 million compared to $362.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021 (the "2021 Quarter") as a result of higher coal sales prices and volumes, which rose 43.3% and 13.9%, respectively, and higher oil & gas royalty prices and volumes, which increased by 64.7% and 27.6%, respectively.  Total operating expenses increased to $441.2 million in the 2022 Quarter, compared to $307.4 million in the 2021 Quarter, due primarily to increased coal sales volumes, inflationary cost pressures and an increase of a non-cash contingent accrual related to our purchase of the Hamilton mine based upon a projection for higher coal sales price realizations in the future.  Net income attributable to ARLP for the 2022 Quarter increased to $161.5 million, or $1.23 per basic and diluted limited partner unit, compared to $44.0 million, or $0.34 per basic and diluted limited partner unit, for the 2021 Quarter.  

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	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)				(per ton / per BOE sold)
Coal - Tons sold		8,933		7,846		N/A		N/A
Coal - Tons produced		8,878		7,481		N/A		N/A
Coal - Coal sales	$	531,807	$	325,974	$	59.53	$	41.55
Coal - Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (1) (2)	$	321,967	$	218,867	$	36.04	$	27.90
Oil & Gas Royalties - BOE sold		499		391		N/A		N/A
Oil & Gas Royalties - Royalties (3)	$	35,927	$	17,114	$	72.03	$	43.73
Coal Royalties - Tons sold		5,268		4,707		N/A		N/A
Coal Royalties - Intercompany royalties	$	14,525	$	11,653	$	2.76	$	2.48

(1) For a definition of Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense and related reconciliation to comparable generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") financial measures, please see below under “—Reconciliation of non-GAAP ‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense’ to GAAP ‘Operating Expenses.’”

(2) Coal - Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense is defined as consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense excluding expenses of our Oil & Gas Royalties segment and is adjusted for intercompany transactions with our Coal Royalties segment.

(3) Average sales price per BOE is defined as oil & gas royalty revenues excluding lease bonus revenue divided by total BOE sold.

Coal sales.  Coal sales increased $205.8 million or 63.1% to $531.8 million for the 2022 Quarter from $326.0 million for the 2021 Quarter.  The increase was attributable to a price variance of $160.7 million due to higher average coal sales prices and a volume variance of $45.1 million resulting from increased tons sold.  Improved coal demand in both the domestic and export markets during the 2022 Quarter drove coal sales price realizations higher by 43.3% in the 2022 Quarter to $59.53 per ton sold, compared to $41.55 per ton sold during the 2021 Quarter.  Coal sales volumes increased by 13.9% to 8.9 million tons sold compared to 7.8 million tons sold in the 2021 Quarter, due to favorable market conditions.

Coal - Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense for our coal operations increased 47.1% to $322.0 million, as a result of higher coal sales volumes and inflationary cost pressures.  On a per ton basis, Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense for our coal operations increased 29.2% to $36.04 per ton sold in the 2022 Quarter compared to $27.90 per ton in the 2021 Quarter, primarily due to certain cost increases, which are discussed below by category:

● Labor and benefit expenses per ton produced, excluding workers' compensation, increased 15.1% to $10.76 per ton in the 2022 Quarter from $9.35 per ton in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $1.41 per ton was primarily due to higher labor costs at several mines, including recently implemented incentive bonus programs.

● Material and supplies expenses per ton produced increased 53.3% to $14.06 per ton in the 2022 Quarter from $9.17 per ton in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $4.89 per ton produced primarily reflects inflationary cost pressures, including increases of $1.90 per ton for roof support, $0.57 per ton for power and fuel used in the mining process, $0.43 per ton for contract labor used in the mining process, $0.40 per ton in longwall subsidence expense, $0.37 per ton for various preparation plant expenses and $0.28 per ton for certain ventilation expenses.

● Maintenance expenses per ton produced increased 39.4% to $3.61 per ton in the 2022 Quarter from $2.59 per ton in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $1.02 per ton produced was primarily as a result of inflationary cost pressures.

● Production taxes and royalty expenses per ton incurred as a percentage of coal sales prices and volumes increased $1.10 per produced ton sold in the 2022 Quarter compared to the 2021 Quarter primarily as a result of higher price realizations and an unfavorable mix of tons sold mined in states with severance taxes, partially offset by a $0.60 per ton decrease in the federal black lung excise tax, effective January 1, 2022 and decreased excise taxes per ton resulting from a greater mix of export shipments.

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● Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense was also higher as a result of a $6.5 million non-cash contingent accrual in the 2022 Quarter related to our purchase of the Hamilton mine based upon a projection for higher coal sales price realizations in the future.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense increases per ton were partially offset by the following decrease:

● Workers' compensation expenses per ton produced decreased to $(0.15) per ton in the 2022 Quarter from $0.24 per ton in the 2021 Quarter.  The decrease of $0.39 per ton produced primarily reflects a favorable mid-year workers' compensation accrual adjustment in the 2022 Quarter due to an increase in the discount rate.  

Oil & gas royalties.  Oil & gas royalty revenues increased to a record $35.9 million in the 2022 Quarter compared to $17.1 million for the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $18.8 million was primarily due to significantly higher sales price realizations per BOE and increased volumes in the 2022 Quarter.

Other revenues.  Other revenues principally comprised Matrix Design sales and other miscellaneous sales and revenue activities.  Other revenues increased to $13.4 million in the 2022 Quarter from $7.3 million in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $6.1 million was primarily due to increased sales of mining technology products by our Matrix Design subsidiary.

General and administrative.  General and administrative expenses for the 2022 Quarter increased to $22.5 million compared to $17.5 million in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $5.0 million was primarily due to higher incentive compensation expenses.

Income tax expense (benefit).  Income tax expense increased to $6.3 million for the 2022 Quarter compared to $0.01 million for the 2021 Quarter as a result of Alliance Minerals' election to be treated as a taxable entity for federal and state income tax purposes beginning in 2022.  Please read "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 7 – Income Taxes" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Transportation revenues and expenses.  Transportation revenues and expenses were $35.4 million and $12.1 million for the 2022 and 2021 Quarters, respectively.  The increase of $23.3 million was primarily attributable to increased average third-party transportation rates in the 2022 Quarter and increased coal shipments for which we arrange third-party transportation.  Transportation revenues are recognized when title to the coal passes to the customer and recognized in an amount equal to the corresponding transportation expenses.

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Segment Adjusted EBITDA.  Our 2022 Quarter Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased $130.2 million to $266.3 million from the 2021 Quarter Segment Adjusted EBITDA of $136.1 million.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA, tons sold, coal sales, other revenues, Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense, oil & gas royalties, BOE volume, coal royalties and coal royalties tons sold by segment are as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022		2021		Increase (Decrease)
	(in thousands)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	97,352	$	70,623	$	26,729	37.8	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		124,377		41,641		82,736	198.7	%
Oil & Gas Royalties		34,609		15,379		19,230	125.0	%
Coal Royalties		9,127		6,782		2,345	34.6	%
Other, Corporate and Elimination (1)		839		1,667		(828)	(49.7)	%
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA (2)	$	266,304	$	136,092	$	130,212	95.7	%
Coal - Tons sold
Illinois Basin Coal Operations		5,831		5,425		406	7.5	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		3,102		2,421		681	28.1	%
Total tons sold		8,933		7,846		1,087	13.9	%
Coal sales
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	290,389	$	210,157	$	80,232	38.2	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		241,418		115,817		125,601	108.4	%
Total coal sales	$	531,807	$	325,974	$	205,833	63.1	%
Other revenues
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	1,659	$	642	$	1,017	158.4	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		328		282		46	16.3	%
Oil & Gas Royalties		652		473		179	37.8	%
Other, Corporate and Elimination		10,743		5,900		4,843	82.1	%
Total other revenues	$	13,382	$	7,297	$	6,085	83.4	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	194,697	$	140,176	$	54,521	38.9	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		117,369		74,456		42,913	57.6	%
Oil & Gas Royalties		3,234		2,419		815	33.7	%
Coal Royalties		5,398		4,871		527	10.8	%
Other, Corporate and Elimination (1)		(4,624)		(7,418)		2,794	37.7	%
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)	$	316,074	$	214,504	$	101,570	47.4	%
Oil & Gas Royalties
Volume - BOE (3)		499		391		108	27.6	%
Oil & gas royalties	$	35,927	$	17,114	$	18,813	109.9	%
Coal Royalties
Volume - Tons sold (4)		5,268		4,707		561	11.9	%
Intercompany coal royalties	$	14,525	$	11,653	$	2,872	24.6	%

(1) Other, Corporate and Elimination includes the elimination of intercompany coal royalty revenues and expenses between our Coal Royalties Segment and our Coal Operations Segments in addition to the expenses for the other miscellaneous activities included in this category.

(2) For definitions of Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense and related reconciliations to their respective comparable GAAP financial measures, please see below under “—Reconciliation of non-GAAP

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‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA’ to GAAP ‘net income’ and reconciliation of non-GAAP ‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense’ to GAAP ‘Operating Expenses.’”

(3) Barrels of oil equivalent ("BOE") is calculated on a 6:1 basis (6,000 cubic feet of natural gas to one barrel).

(4) Represents tons sold by our Coal Operations Segments that were produced from coal reserves leased from our Coal Royalties Segment.

Illinois Basin Coal Operations – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased to $97.4 million in the 2022 Quarter from $70.6 million in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $26.8 million was primarily attributable to higher coal sales, which increased 38.2% to $290.4 million in the 2022 Quarter from $210.2 million in the 2021 Quarter, partially offset by increased operating expenses. The increase in coal sales reflects higher coal sales price realizations and increased sales volumes. Coal sales price per ton sold in the 2022 Quarter increased by 28.5% compared to the 2021 Quarter reflecting increased domestic prices and significantly higher export prices due to favorable market conditions. Coal sales volumes were higher by 7.5% compared to the 2021 Quarter as a result of increased sales volumes at our Gibson South and Hamilton mines.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense increased 38.9% to $194.7 million in the 2022 Quarter from $140.2 million in the 2021 Quarter primarily as a result of increased sales volumes and higher expenses per ton.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense per ton increased $7.55 per ton sold to $33.39 from $25.84 per ton sold in the 2021 Quarter primarily as a result of inflationary pressures on numerous expense items, including labor-related expenses and supply and maintenance costs, increased royalty expenses due to higher price realizations, reduced recoveries across the region and a non-cash contingent accrual related to our purchase of the Hamilton mine based upon a projection for higher coal sales price realizations in the future, partially offset by fewer longwall move days at our Hamilton mine during the 2022 Quarter.

Appalachia Coal Operations – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased 198.7% to $124.4 million for the 2022 Quarter from $41.6 million in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $82.8 million was primarily attributable to higher coal sales, which increased 108.4% to $241.4 million in the 2022 Quarter from $115.8 million in the 2021 Quarter, due to increased prices and volumes.  Coal sales prices increased by 62.7% compared to the 2021 Quarter primarily due to substantially higher export price realizations at all mines in the region as well as increased domestic pricing at our Tunnel Ridge and Mettiki mines.  Coal sales volumes increased 28.1% compared to the 2021 Quarter as a result of higher domestic sales volumes from our Tunnel Ridge longwall operation and increased export shipments from our Mettiki and MC Mining operations.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense increased 57.6% to $117.4 million in the 2022 Quarter from $74.5 million in the 2021 Quarter due to increased sales volumes and per ton expenses.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense per ton increased $7.09 per ton sold to $37.84 compared to $30.75 per ton sold in the 2021 Quarter, as a result of inflationary pressures on numerous expense items, including labor-related expenses and supply and maintenance costs, increased sales-related expenses due to higher price realizations and reduced recoveries across the region.

Oil & Gas Royalties – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased to a record $34.6 million for the 2022 Quarter from $15.4 million in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $19.2 million was primarily due to significantly higher sales price realizations, which increased 64.7% to $72.03 per BOE, and increased volumes in the 2022 Quarter.

Coal Royalties – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased 34.6% to $9.1 million for the 2022 Quarter from $6.8 million in the 2021 Quarter.  The increase of $2.3 million was a result of increased royalty tons sold and higher average royalty rates per ton.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2021

Total revenues increased 58.2% to $1.08 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2022 (the "2022 Period"), compared to $681.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 (the "2021 Period"), primarily due to substantial increases in prices and volumes from coal operations and royalties and oil & gas royalties.  Total operating expenses increased to $814.3 million in the 2022 Period, compared to $589.7 million in the 2021 Period, due primarily to increased coal sales volumes and inflationary cost pressures.  During the 2022 Period, we recognized a one-time non-cash income tax charge of $37.3 million and current income tax expense of $10.8 million associated with Alliance Minerals' election to be treated as a taxable entity for federal and state income tax purposes.  Higher revenues, partially offset by increased total operating expenses and income tax expense, led to significantly higher net income attributable to ARLP, which rose 188.1% to $198.1 million for the 2022 Period, or $1.51 per basic and diluted limited partner unit, compared to $68.8 million, or $0.53 per basic and diluted limited partner unit, for the 2021 Period.  

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)				(per ton / per BOE sold)
Coal - Tons sold		17,095		14,674		N/A		N/A
Coal - Tons produced		18,056		15,482		N/A		N/A
Coal - Coal sales	$	920,167	$	613,461	$	53.83	$	41.81
Coal - Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (1) (2)	$	590,494	$	421,799	$	34.54	$	28.74
Oil & Gas Royalties - BOE sold		1,004		791		N/A		N/A
Oil & Gas Royalties - Royalties (3)	$	66,854	$	31,113	$	66.61	$	39.33
Coal Royalties - Tons sold		10,821		9,228		N/A		N/A
Coal Royalties - Intercompany royalties	$	29,692	$	22,954	$	2.74	$	2.49

(1) For a definition of Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense and related reconciliation to comparable GAAP financial measures, please see below under “—Reconciliation of non-GAAP ‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA’ to GAAP ‘net income’ and reconciliation of non-GAAP ‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense’ to GAAP ‘Operating Expenses.’”

(2) Coal - Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense is defined as consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense excluding expenses of our Oil & Gas Royalties segment and is adjusted for intercompany transactions with our Coal Royalties segment.

(3) Average sales price per BOE is defined as oil & gas royalty revenues excluding lease bonus revenue divided by total BOE sold.

Coal sales.  Coal sales increased $306.7 million or 50.0% to $920.2 million for the 2022 Period from $613.5 million for the 2021 Period.  The increase was attributable to a price variance of $205.5 million due to higher average coal sales prices and a volume variance of $101.2 million resulting from increased tons sold.  Coal sales price realizations increased by 28.7% in the 2022 Period to $53.83 per ton sold, compared to $41.81 per ton sold during the 2021 Period, due to favorable market conditions. Improved coal demand in both the domestic and export markets during the 2022 Period drove coal sales volumes higher by 16.5% to 17.1 million tons sold compared to 14.7 million tons sold in the 2021 Period.

Coal - Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense for our coal operations increased 40.0% to $590.5 million, as a result of higher coal sales volumes and inflationary cost pressures.  On a per ton basis, Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense for our coal operations increased 20.2% to $34.54 per ton sold in the 2022 Period compared to $28.74 per ton in the 2021 Period, primarily due to certain cost increases, which are discussed below by category:

● Labor and benefit expenses per ton produced, excluding workers' compensation, increased 8.6% to $10.20 per ton in the 2022 Period from $9.39 per ton in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $0.81 per ton was primarily due to higher labor costs at several mines including recently implemented incentive bonus programs.

● Material and supplies expenses per ton produced increased 40.2% to $13.42 per ton in the 2022 Period from $9.57 per ton in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $3.85 per ton produced primarily reflects inflationary cost pressures including increases of $1.82 per ton for roof support, $0.48 per ton for contract labor used in the mining process, $0.45 per ton for power and fuel used in the mining process, $0.31 per ton for various preparation plant expenses and $0.27 per ton for certain ventilation expenses.

● Maintenance expenses per ton produced increased 32.7% to $3.41 per ton in the 2022 Period from $2.57 per ton in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $0.84 per ton produced was primarily as a result of inflationary cost pressures.

● Production taxes and royalty expenses per ton incurred as a percentage of coal sales prices and volumes increased $0.39 per produced ton sold in the 2022 Period compared to the 2021 Period primarily as a result of higher price realizations, partially offset by a $0.60 per ton decrease in the federal black lung excise tax, effective January 1, 2022, a favorable mix of tons sold mined in states with severance taxes and decreased excise taxes per ton resulting from a greater mix of export shipments.

● Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense was also higher as a result of a $6.5 million non-cash contingent accrual in the 2022 Period related to our purchase of the Hamilton mine based upon a projection for higher coal sales price realizations in the future.

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Oil & gas royalties.  Oil & gas royalty revenues increased to $66.9 million in the 2022 Period compared to $31.1 million for the 2021 Period.  The increase of $35.8 million was primarily due to significantly higher sales price realizations per BOE and increased volumes in the 2022 Period.

Other revenues.  Other revenues principally comprised Matrix Design sales, Mt. Vernon transloading revenues and other miscellaneous sales and revenue activities.  Other revenues increased to $25.6 million in the 2022 Period from $13.4 million in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $12.2 million was primarily due to increased sales of mining technology products by our Matrix Design subsidiary and increased coal volumes shipped through our Mt. Vernon transloading facility.

General and administrative.  General and administrative expenses for the 2022 Period increased to $41.1 million compared to $33.0 million in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $8.1 million was primarily due to higher incentive compensation expenses.

Income tax expense (benefit).  Income tax expense increased to $49.0 million for the 2022 Period compared to an income tax benefit of $0.01 million for the 2021 Period as a result of Alliance Minerals' election during the 2022 Period to be treated as a taxable entity for federal and state income tax purposes.  We recognized a one-time non-cash income tax charge of $37.3 million and a current income tax expense of $10.8 million during the 2022 Period associated with this election.  Please read "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 7 – Income Taxes" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Transportation revenues and expenses.  Transportation revenues and expenses were $64.8 million and $23.1 million for the 2022 and 2021 Periods, respectively.  The increase of $41.7 million was primarily attributable to increased average third-party transportation rates in the 2022 Period and increased coal shipments for which we arrange third-party transportation.  Transportation revenues are recognized when title to the coal passes to the customer and recognized in an amount equal to the corresponding transportation expenses.

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Segment Adjusted EBITDA.  Our 2022 Period Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased $191.3 million to $437.2 million from the 2021 Period Segment Adjusted EBITDA of $245.9 million.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA, tons sold, coal sales, other revenues, Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense, oil & gas royalties, BOE volume, coal royalties and coal royalties tons sold by segment are as follows:

	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022		2021		Increase (Decrease)
	(in thousands)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	175,567	$	128,296	$	47,271	36.8	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		175,480		73,147		102,333	139.9	%
Oil & Gas Royalties		63,161		27,325		35,836	131.1	%
Coal Royalties		19,475		14,055		5,420	38.6	%
Other, Corporate and Elimination (1)		3,525		3,090		435	14.1	%
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA (2)	$	437,208	$	245,913	$	191,295	77.8	%
Coal - Tons sold
Illinois Basin Coal Operations		11,713		10,185		1,528	15.0	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		5,382		4,489		893	19.9	%
Total tons sold		17,095		14,674		2,421	16.5	%
Coal sales
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	544,294	$	392,798	$	151,496	38.6	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		375,873		220,663		155,210	70.3	%
Total coal sales	$	920,167	$	613,461	$	306,706	50.0	%
Other revenues
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	3,559	$	1,255	$	2,304	183.6	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		691		667		24	3.6	%
Oil & Gas Royalties		686		494		192	38.9	%
Other, Corporate and Elimination		20,650		10,949		9,701	88.6	%
Total other revenues	$	25,586	$	13,365	$	12,221	91.4	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense
Illinois Basin Coal Operations	$	372,286	$	265,757	$	106,529	40.1	%
Appalachia Coal Operations		201,084		148,182		52,902	35.7	%
Oil & Gas Royalties		6,235		4,477		1,758	39.3	%
Coal Royalties		10,217		8,899		1,318	14.8	%
Other, Corporate and Elimination (1)		(12,568)		(15,094)		2,526	16.7	%
Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)	$	577,254	$	412,221	$	165,033	40.0	%
Oil & Gas Royalties
Volume - BOE (3)		1,004		791		213	26.9	%
Oil & gas royalties	$	66,854	$	31,113	$	35,741	114.9	%
Coal Royalties
Volume - Tons sold (4)		10,821		9,228		1,593	17.3	%
Intercompany coal royalties	$	29,692	$	22,954	$	6,738	29.4	%

(1) Other, Corporate and Elimination includes the elimination of intercompany coal royalty revenues and expenses between our Coal Royalties Segment and our Coal Operations Segments in addition to the expenses for the other miscellaneous activities included in this category.

(2) For definitions of Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense and related reconciliations to their respective comparable GAAP financial measures, please see below under “—Reconciliation of non-GAAP

31

‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA’ to GAAP ‘net income’ and reconciliation of non-GAAP ‘Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense’ to GAAP ‘Operating Expenses.’”  

(3) Barrels of oil equivalent ("BOE") is calculated on a 6:1 basis (6,000 cubic feet of natural gas to one barrel).

(4) Represents tons sold by our Coal Operations Segments that were produced from coal reserves leased from our Coal Royalties Segment.

Illinois Basin Coal Operations – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased to $175.6 million in the 2022 Period from $128.3 million in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $47.3 million was primarily attributable to higher coal sales, which increased 38.6% to $544.3 million in the 2022 Period from $392.8 million in the 2021 Period, partially offset by increased operating expenses. The increase in coal sales reflects higher coal sales price per ton, which increased by 20.5% compared to the 2021 Period reflecting increased domestic prices and significantly higher export prices resulting from favorable market conditions, and increased tons sold, which rose 15.0% in the 2022 Period as a result of increased sales volumes at the Gibson South, River View and Hamilton mines. Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense increased 40.1% to $372.3 million in the 2022 Period from $265.8 million in the 2021 Period primarily as a result of increased sales volumes and higher expenses per ton.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense per ton increased $5.69 per ton sold to $31.78 from $26.09 per ton sold in the 2021 Period primarily as a result of inflationary pressures on numerous expense items, including labor-related expenses and supply and maintenance costs, reduced recoveries across the region, a non-cash contingent accrual related to our purchase of the Hamilton mine based upon a projection for higher coal sales price realizations in the future and more longwall move days at our Hamilton mine during the 2022 Period.

Appalachia Coal Operations – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased 139.9% to $175.5 million for the 2022 Period from $73.1 million in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $102.4 million was primarily attributable to higher coal sales, which increased 70.3% to $375.9 million in the 2022 Period from $220.7 million in the 2021 Period, due to increased prices and volumes.  Coal sales prices increased by 42.1% compared to the 2021 Period primarily due to substantially higher export price realizations and increased domestic pricing in the region.  Coal sales volumes increased 19.9% compared to the 2021 Period as a result of higher sales volumes from our Tunnel Ridge and MC Mining operations.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense increased 35.7% to $201.1 million in the 2022 Period from $148.2 million in the 2021 Period due to increased sales volumes and per ton expenses.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense per ton increased 13.2% to $37.36 compared to $33.01 per ton sold in the 2021 Period, as a result of inflationary pressures on numerous expense items, including labor-related expenses and supply and maintenance costs, increased sales-related expenses due to higher price realizations and reduced recoveries at our Mettiki and MC Mining operations.

Oil & Gas Royalties – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased to $63.2 million for the 2022 Period from $27.3 million in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $35.9 million was primarily due to significantly higher sales price realizations, which increased 69.4% to $66.61 per BOE, and increased volumes in the 2022 Period.

Coal Royalties – Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased 38.6% to $19.5 million for the 2022 Period from $14.1 million in the 2021 Period.  The increase of $5.4 million was a result of increased royalty tons sold and higher average royalty rates per ton.

Reconciliation of non-GAAP "Segment Adjusted EBITDA" to GAAP "net income" and reconciliation of non-GAAP "Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense" to GAAP "Operating Expenses"

Segment Adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP financial measure) is defined as net income attributable to ARLP before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization and general and administrative expenses.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA is a key component of consolidated EBITDA, which is used as a supplemental financial measure by management and by external users of our financial statements such as investors, commercial banks, research analysts and others.  We believe that the presentation of EBITDA provides useful information to investors regarding our performance and results of operations because EBITDA, when used in conjunction with related GAAP financial measures, (i) provides additional information about our core operating performance and ability to generate and distribute cash flow, (ii) provides investors with the financial analytical framework upon which we base financial, operational, compensation and planning decisions and (iii) presents a measurement that investors, rating agencies and debt holders have indicated is useful in assessing us and our results of operations.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA is also used as a supplemental financial measure by our management for reasons similar to those stated in the previous explanation of EBITDA.  In addition, the exclusion of corporate general and administrative expenses from consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA allows management to focus solely on the

32

evaluation of segment operating profitability as it relates to our revenues and operating expenses, which are primarily controlled by our segments.  

The following is a reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most comparable GAAP financial measure:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	266,304	$	136,092	$	437,208	$	245,913
General and administrative		(22,457)		(17,492)		(41,053)		(32,996)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		(66,734)		(64,733)		(130,048)		(123,935)
Interest expense, net		(9,304)		(9,827)		(18,931)		(20,206)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(6,331)		(5)		(49,046)		7
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Noncontrolling interest		323		130		613		208
Net income	$	161,801	$	44,165	$	198,743	$	68,991

Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (a non-GAAP financial measure) includes operating expenses, coal purchases and other income (expense).  Transportation expenses are excluded as these expenses are passed through to our customers and, consequently, we do not realize any gain or loss on transportation revenues.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense is used as a supplemental financial measure by our management to assess the operating performance of our segments.  Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense is a key component of Segment Adjusted EBITDA in addition to coal sales, royalty revenues and other revenues.  The exclusion of corporate general and administrative expenses from Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense allows management to focus solely on the evaluation of segment operating performance as it primarily relates to our operating expenses.  

The following is a reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense to operating expense, the most comparable GAAP financial measure:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	$	316,074	$	214,504	$	577,254	$	412,221
Outside coal purchases		(151)		(114)		(151)		(114)
Other income (expense)		579		(1,351)		1,145		(2,548)
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	$	316,502	$	213,039	$	578,248	$	409,559

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

We have historically satisfied our working capital requirements and funded our capital expenditures, investments, contractual obligations and debt service obligations with cash generated from operations, cash provided by the issuance of debt or equity, borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and Securitization Facility and other financing transactions.  We believe that existing cash balances, future cash flows from operations and investments, borrowings under credit facilities and cash provided from the issuance of debt or equity will be sufficient to meet our working capital requirements, capital expenditures and additional investments, debt payments, contractual obligations, commitments and any distribution payments.  Nevertheless, our ability to satisfy our working capital requirements, to satisfy our contractual obligations, to fund planned capital expenditures, to service our debt obligations or to pay distributions will depend upon our future operating performance and access to and cost of financing sources, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions generally, and in both the coal and oil & gas industries specifically, as well as other financial and business factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the COVID-19 pandemic.  Based on our recent operating cash flow results, current cash position, current unitholder distributions, anticipated future cash flows and sources of financing that we expect to have available, we anticipate remaining in compliance with the covenants of the Credit Agreement and expect to have sufficient liquidity to fund our operations and growth strategies.  However, to the extent operating cash flow or access to and cost of financing sources are materially different than expected, future covenant compliance or liquidity may be adversely affected.  Please read "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

In May 2018, the Board approved the establishment of a unit repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $100 million of ARLP common units.  The program has no time limit and we may repurchase units from time to time in the open market or in other privately negotiated transactions.  The unit repurchase program authorization does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of units.  Since inception through June 30, 2022, we have purchased units for a total of $93.5 million under the program.  During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we did not repurchase and retire any units. The timing of any future unit repurchases and the ultimate number of units to be purchased will depend on a number of factors, including business and market conditions, our future financial performance, and other capital priorities.  Please read "Part II - Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on unit repurchase program.

We currently have an effective universal shelf Registration Statement on Form S-3 that provides for the registration and sale of an unspecified amount of our equity or debt securities. We may over time, and subject to market conditions, in one or more offerings, offer and sell any of the securities described in the prospectus.

Cash Flows

Cash provided by operating activities was $235.3 million for the 2022 Period compared to $158.2 million for the 2021 Period.  The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to an increase in net income adjusted for non-cash items and a favorable working capital change related to other assets and liabilities, partially offset by unfavorable working capital changes related to trade receivables, inventories and accrued payroll and related benefits compared to the 2021 Period.

Net cash used in investing activities was $163.3 million for the 2022 Period compared to $50.2 million for the 2021 Period.  The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to an increase in capital expenditures, contributions to equity method investments and purchase of equity securities during the 2022 Period.

Net cash used in financing activities was $88.3 million for the 2022 Period compared to $125.8 million for the 2021 Period.  The decrease in cash used in financing activities was primarily attributable to reduced borrowings and payments on the Revolving Credit Facility and the Securitization Facility, partially offset by increased cash distributions paid to unitholders compared to the 2021 Period.

Cash Requirements

Management anticipates having sufficient cash flow to meet 2022 cash requirements, including capital expenditures, scheduled payments on long-term debt, lease obligations, asset retirement obligation costs and workers'

34

compensation and pneumoconiosis costs, with our June 30, 2022 cash and cash equivalents of $106.1 million and cash flows from operations, or borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and Securitization Facility if necessary.  We currently project average estimated annual maintenance capital expenditures over the next five years of approximately $5.66 per ton produced.  Our anticipated total capital expenditures, including maintenance capital expenditures, for 2022 are estimated in a range of $230.0 million to $250.0 million.  We will continue to have significant cash requirements over the long term, which may require us to incur debt or seek additional equity capital.  The availability and cost of additional capital will depend upon prevailing market conditions, the market price of our common units and several other factors over which we have limited control, as well as our financial condition and results of operations.

Debt Obligations

See "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 6 – Long-Term Debt" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of our long-term debt obligations.

We also have an agreement with a bank to provide additional letters of credit in an amount of $5.0 million to maintain surety bonds to secure certain asset retirement obligations and our obligations for workers' compensation benefits.  On June 30, 2022, we had $5.0 million in letters of credit outstanding under this agreement.

Related-Party Transactions

We have related-party transactions and activities with Mr. Craft, MGP and their respective affiliates as well as other related parties. These related-party transactions and activities relate principally to 1) coal mineral leases with The Joseph W. Craft III Foundation and The Kathleen S. Craft Foundation, 2) the use of aircraft, and 3) providing administrative services with respect to certain oil & gas mineral interests Mr. Craft acquired in 2019.  We also have related-party transactions with (a) WKY CoalPlay, LLC ("WKY CoalPlay") regarding four mineral leases, (b) Bluegrass Minerals Management, LLC ("Bluegrass Minerals") through its noncontrolling ownership interest in our consolidated subsidiary, Cavalier Minerals and (c) with our equity interest in AllDale III.  For more information regarding Bluegrass Minerals and AllDale III, please read "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities" and "—Note 9 – Investments" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  Please read our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 21 – Related-Party Transactions" for additional information concerning related-party transactions.

New Accounting Standards

See "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 2 – New Accounting Standards" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of new accounting standards.

Other Information

Insurance

Effective December 1, 2021, we renewed our annual property and casualty insurance program. Our property insurance was procured from our wholly owned captive insurance company, Wildcat Insurance. Wildcat Insurance charged certain of our subsidiaries for the premiums on this program and in return purchased reinsurance for the program in the standard market. The maximum limit in the commercial property program is $100.0 million per occurrence, excluding a $1.5 million deductible for property damage, a 75- or 90-day waiting period for underground business interruption depending on the mining complex and an additional $10.0 million overall aggregate deductible. We have elected to retain a 10% participating interest in our commercial property insurance program. We can make no assurances that we will not experience significant insurance claims in the future that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to purchase property insurance in the future. Also, exposures exist for which no insurance may be available and for which we have not reserved. In addition, the insurance industry has been subject to efforts by environmental activists to restrict coverages available for fossil-fuel companies.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Commodity Price Risk

We have significant long-term coal sales contracts.  Most of the long-term sales contracts are subject to price adjustment provisions, which periodically permit an increase or decrease in the contract price, typically to reflect changes in specified indices or changes in production costs resulting from regulatory changes, or both.

Our results of operations are highly dependent upon the prices we receive for our coal, oil and natural gas.  Regarding coal, the short-term sales contracts favored by some of our coal customers leave us more exposed to risks of declining coal price periods.  Also, a significant decline in oil & gas prices would have a significant impact on our oil & gas royalty revenues.

We have exposure to coal and oil & gas sales prices and price risk for supplies that are used directly or indirectly in the normal course of coal and oil & gas production such as steel, electricity and other supplies. We manage our risk for these items through strategic sourcing contracts for normal quantities required by our operations.  Historically, we have not utilized any commodity price-hedges or other derivatives related to either our sales price or supply cost risks but may do so in the future.

Credit Risk

Most of our coal is sold to U.S. electric utilities or into the international markets through brokered transactions.  Therefore, our credit risk is primarily with domestic electric power generators and reputable global brokerage firms.  Our policy is to independently evaluate each customer's creditworthiness prior to entering into transactions and to constantly monitor outstanding accounts receivable. When deemed appropriate by our credit management department, we will take steps to reduce our credit exposure to customers that do not meet our credit standards or whose credit has deteriorated. These steps may include obtaining letters of credit or cash collateral, requiring prepayments for shipments or establishing customer trust accounts held for our benefit in the event of a failure to pay.  Such credit risks from customers may impact the borrowing capacity of our Securitization Facility.  See "Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 6– Long-Term Debt" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on our Securitization Facility.

Exchange Rate Risk

Almost all our transactions are denominated in United States dollars, and as a result, we do not have material exposure to currency exchange-rate risks. However, because coal is sold internationally in United States dollars, general economic conditions in foreign markets and changes in foreign currency exchange rates may provide our foreign competitors with a competitive advantage. If our competitors' currencies decline against the United States dollar or against foreign purchasers' local currencies, those competitors may be able to offer lower prices for coal to these purchasers. Furthermore, if the currencies of overseas purchasers were to significantly decline in value in comparison to the United States dollar, those purchasers may seek decreased prices for the coal we sell to them. Consequently, currency fluctuations could adversely affect the competitiveness of our coal in international markets.

Interest Rate Risk

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and Securitization Facility are at variable rates and, as a result, we have interest rate exposure on any amounts drawn under these facilities.  Historically, our earnings have not been materially affected by changes in interest rates and we have not utilized interest rate derivative instruments related to our outstanding debt.  We did not have an outstanding balance under either the Revolving Credit Facility or the Securitization Facility at June 30, 2022.  

There were no other changes in our quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk as set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC and that such information is accumulated

36

and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2022.  Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these controls and procedures are effective as of June 30, 2022.

During the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022, there have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) identified in connection with our evaluation that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements and information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and certain oral statements made from time to time by our representatives, constitute "forward-looking statements."  These statements are based on our beliefs as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, us.  When used in this document, the words "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "foresee," "may," "outlook," "plan," "project," "potential," "should," "will," "would," and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.  Without limiting the foregoing, all statements relating to our future outlook, anticipated capital expenditures, future cash flows and borrowings, and sources of funding are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and reflect our current views with respect to future events and are subject to numerous assumptions that we believe are reasonable, but are open to a wide range of uncertainties and business risks, and actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these statements.  Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in the forward-looking statements are:

● the severity, magnitude, and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of new virus variants, including impacts of the pandemic and of businesses' and governments' responses to the pandemic, including actions to mitigate its impact and the development of treatments and vaccines, on our operations and personnel, and on demand for coal, oil, and natural gas, the financial condition of our customers and suppliers, available liquidity and capital sources and broader economic disruptions;

● changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility arising from hostilities in Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise, including inflation, changes in coal, oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids prices, and the impact of such changes and volatility on our financial position;

● decline in the coal industry's share of electricity generation, including as a result of environmental concerns related to coal mining and combustion and the cost and perceived benefits of other sources of electricity and fuels, such as oil & gas, nuclear energy, and renewable fuels;

● changes in global economic and geo-political conditions or in industries in which our customers operate;

● changes in coal prices and/or oil & gas prices, demand and availability which could affect our operating results and cash flows;

● actions of the major oil-producing countries with respect to oil production volumes and prices could have direct and indirect impacts over the near and long term on oil & gas exploration and production operations at the properties in which we hold mineral interests;

● changes in competition in domestic and international coal markets and our ability to respond to such changes;

● potential shut-ins of production by operators of the properties in which we hold mineral interests due to low oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquid prices or the lack of downstream demand or storage capacity;

● risks associated with the expansion of our operations and properties;

● our ability to identify and complete acquisitions;

● the success of our development plans for our wholly owned subsidiary, Matrix Design Group, LLC and our investments in emerging infrastructure and technology companies;

● dependence on significant customer contracts, including renewing existing contracts upon expiration;

● adjustments made in price, volume, or terms to existing coal supply agreements;

● the effects of and changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board;

● the effects of and changes in taxes or tariffs and other trade measures adopted by the United States and foreign governments;

● legislation, regulations, and court decisions and interpretations thereof, both domestic and foreign, including those relating to the environment and the release of greenhouse gases, mining, miner health and safety, hydraulic fracturing, and health care;

● deregulation of the electric utility industry or the effects of any adverse change in the coal industry, electric utility industry, or general economic conditions;

● investors' and other stakeholders' increasing attention to environmental, social and governance matters;

● liquidity constraints, including those resulting from any future unavailability of financing;

● customer bankruptcies, cancellations or breaches to existing contracts, or other failures to perform;

● customer delays, failure to take coal under contracts or defaults in making payments;

● our productivity levels and margins earned on our coal sales;

● disruptions to oil & gas exploration and production operations at the properties in which we hold mineral interests;

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● changes in equipment, raw material, service or labor costs or availability, including due to inflationary pressures;

● changes in our ability to recruit, hire and maintain labor, including as a result of the potential impact of government-imposed vaccine mandates;

● our ability to maintain satisfactory relations with our employees;

● increases in labor costs including costs of health insurance and taxes resulting from the Affordable Care Act, adverse changes in work rules, or cash payments or projections associated with workers' compensation claims;

● increases in transportation costs and risk of transportation delays or interruptions;

● operational interruptions due to geologic, permitting, labor, weather, supply chain shortages of equipment or mine supplies, or other factors;

● risks associated with major mine-related accidents, mine fires, mine floods, or other interruptions;

● results of litigation, including claims not yet asserted;

● foreign currency fluctuations that could adversely affect the competitiveness of our coal abroad;

● difficulty maintaining our surety bonds for mine reclamation as well as workers' compensation and black lung benefits;

● difficulty in making accurate assumptions and projections regarding post-mine reclamation as well as pension, black lung benefits, and other post-retirement benefit liabilities;

● uncertainties in estimating and replacing our coal mineral reserves and resources;

● uncertainties in estimating and replacing our oil & gas reserves;

● uncertainties in the amount of oil & gas production due to the level of drilling and completion activity by the operators of our oil & gas properties;

● uncertainties in the future of the electric vehicle industry and the market for EV charging stations;

● the impact of current and potential changes to federal or state tax rules and regulations, including a loss or reduction of benefits from certain tax deductions and credits;

● difficulty obtaining commercial property insurance, and risks associated with our participation in the commercial insurance property program;

● evolving cybersecurity risks, such as those involving unauthorized access, denial-of-service attacks, malicious software, data privacy breaches by employees, insiders or others with authorized access, cyber or phishing-attacks, ransomware, malware, social engineering, physical breaches, or other actions;

● difficulty in making accurate assumptions and projections regarding future revenues and costs associated with equity investments in companies we do not control; and

● other factors, including those discussed in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" and "Item 3. Legal Proceedings" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or should our underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results could differ materially from those described in any forward-looking statement.  When considering forward-looking statements, you should also keep in mind our risk factors and legal proceedings.  Known material factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those in the forward-looking statements are described in "Item 1. Legal Proceedings" and "Item 1A. Risk Factors" below.  We disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements or to announce publicly the result of any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments unless required by law.

You should consider the information above when reading or considering any forward-looking statements contained in:

● this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q;

● other reports filed by us with the SEC;

● our press releases;

● our website http://www.arlp.com; and

● written or oral statements made by us or any of our officers or other authorized persons acting on our behalf.

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PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Litigation was initiated in November 2019 in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Kentucky (Branson v. Webster County Coal, LLC et al.) against certain of our subsidiaries in which the plaintiffs allege violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and Kentucky Wage and Hour Act due to alleged failure to compensate for time "donning" and "doffing" equipment and to account for certain bonuses in the calculation of overtime rates and pay.  The plaintiffs seek class or collective action certification.  A similar lawsuit was initiated in March 2020 in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky (Brewer v. Alliance Coal, LLC, et al.).  Collectively, the plaintiffs of these two lawsuits allege damages ranging from approximately $22.2 million to $143.7 million.  Subsequently, four additional lawsuits making similar allegations were initiated against certain of our subsidiaries: filed March 4, 2021 in the Circuit Court for Hopkins County, Kentucky (Johnson v. Hopkins County Coal, LLC, et al.); filed April 6, 2021 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia (Rettig v. Mettiki Coal WV, LLC, et al.); filed April 9, 2021 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Illinois (Cates v. Hamilton County Coal, LLC, et al.); and filed April 13, 2021 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana (Prater v. Gibson County Coal, LLC, et al.).  The plaintiffs in these cases seek to recover alleged compensatory, liquidated and/or exemplary damages for the alleged underpayment, and costs and fees that potentially may be recoverable under applicable law.  We believe the claims made in these lawsuits are without merit and intend to defend the litigation vigorously.  The litigation is in early stages.  We do not believe this litigation will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or results of operations.

ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I - Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in these reports are not our only risks.  Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial based on current knowledge and factual circumstances, if such knowledge or facts change, also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results in the future.  

ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

On May 31, 2018, ARLP announced that the MGP board of directors approved the establishment of a unit repurchase program authorizing ARLP to repurchase up to $100 million of its outstanding limited partner common units.  The unit repurchase program is intended to enhance ARLP's ability to achieve its goal of creating long-term value for its unitholders and provides another means, along with quarterly cash distributions, of returning cash to unitholders. The program has no time limit and ARLP may repurchase units from time to time in the open market or in other privately negotiated transactions. The unit repurchase program authorization does not obligate ARLP to repurchase any dollar amount or number of units and repurchases may be commenced or suspended from time to time without prior notice.    

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, we did not repurchase and retire any units. Since inception of the unit repurchase program, we have repurchased and retired 5,460,639 units at an average unit price of $17.12 for an aggregate purchase price of $93.5 million.

ITEM 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.104) is included in Exhibit 95.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6.EXHIBITS

		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Form	SEC File No. and Film No.	Exhibit	Filing Date	Filed Herewith*
3.1	Fourth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.	8-K	000-26823 17990766	3.2	07/28/2017
3.2	Amendment No. 1 to Fourth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.	10-K	000-26823 18634634	3.9	02/23/2018
3.3	Amendment No. 2 to Fourth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.	8-K	000-26823 18883834	3.3	06/06/2018
3.4	Amendment No. 3 to Fourth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.	8-K	000-26823 18883834	3.4	06/06/2018
3.5	Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P.	10-K	000-26823 583595	3.2	03/29/2000
3.6	Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P.	8-K	000-26823 18883834	3.5	06/06/2018
3.7	Amended and Restated Certificate of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.	8-K	000-26823 17990766	3.6	07/28/2017
3.8	Certificate of Limited Partnership of Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P.	S-1/A	333-78845 99669102	3.8	07/23/1999
3.9	Certificate of Formation of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC	S-1/A	333-78845 99669102	3.7	07/23/1999
3.10	Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC	8-K	000-26823 18883834	3.7	06/06/2018
3.11	Certificate of Formation of MGP II, LLC	8-K	000-26823 17990766	3.5	07/28/2017
3.12	Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of MGP II, LLC	8-K	000-26823 17990766	3.4	07/28/2017
10.1	Tenth Amendment to the Receivables Financing Agreement, dated as of January 14, 2022.	10-K	000-26823 22677260	10.57	02/25/2022

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		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description	Form	SEC File No. and Film No.	Exhibit	Filing Date	Filed Herewith*
31.1	Certification of Joseph W. Craft III, President and Chief Executive Officer of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, the general partner of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., dated August 8, 2022, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Brian L. Cantrell, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, the general partner of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., dated August 8, 2022, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Joseph W. Craft III, President and Chief Executive Officer of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, the general partner of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., dated August 8, 2022, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification of Brian L. Cantrell, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, the general partner of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., dated August 8, 2022, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
95.1	Federal Mine Safety and Health Act Information
101	Interactive Data File (Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2022 filed in Inline XBRL).
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

*    Or furnished, in the case of Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, on August 8, 2022.

ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P.
By:	Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC
	its general partner
	/s/ Joseph W. Craft, III
	Joseph W. Craft, III
	President, Chief Executive Officer
	and Chairman, duly authorized to sign on behalf of the registrant.
	/s/ Megan J. Cordle
	Megan J. Cordle
	Vice President, Controller and
	Chief Accounting Officer

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Joseph W. Craft III certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:

a. designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusion about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 8, 2022

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/s/ Joseph W. Craft III

Joseph W. Craft III

President, Chief Executive

Officer and Chairman

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Brian L. Cantrell, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and we have:

a. designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusion about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting;

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 8, 2022

Ay 9, 2017

/s/ Brian L. Cantrell

Brian L. Cantrell

Senior Vice President and

Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P. (the “Partnership”) on Form 10-Q for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Joseph W. Craft III, President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, the general partner of the Partnership, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Partnership.

ay
	By:	/s/ Joseph W. Craft III
	Joseph W. Craft III
	President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
	of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC
	(the general partner of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.)

Date: August 8, 2022

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate document.  A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Partnership and will be retained by the Partnership and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P. (the “Partnership”) on Form 10-Q for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Brian L. Cantrell, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, the general partner of the Partnership, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Partnership.

By:	/s/ Brian L. Cantrell
Brian L. Cantrell
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
of Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC
(the general partner of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.)

Date: August 8, 2022

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate document.  A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Partnership and will be retained by the Partnership and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-95.1

EXHIBIT 95.1

Federal Mine Safety and Health Act Information

Our mining operations are subject to extensive and stringent compliance standards established pursuant to the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, as amended by the Federal Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act of 2006 (as amended, the "Mine Act").  MSHA monitors and rigorously enforces compliance with these standards, and our mining operations are inspected frequently.  Citations and orders are issued by MSHA under Section 104 of the Mine Act for violations of the Mine Act or any mandatory health or safety standard, rule, order or regulation promulgated under the Mine Act.  A Section 104(a) "Significant and Substantial" or "S&S" citation is generally issued in a situation where the conditions created by the violation do not cause imminent danger, but in the opinion of the MSHA inspector could significantly and substantially contribute to the cause and effect of a mine safety or health hazard.  During the three months ended June 30, 2022, our mines were subject to 1,272 MSHA inspection days with an average of only 0.08 S&S citations written per inspection day.

The Mine Act has been construed as authorizing MSHA to issue citations and orders pursuant to the legal doctrine of strict liability, or liability without regard to fault.  If, in the opinion of an MSHA inspector, a condition exists that violates the Mine Act or regulations promulgated thereunder, then a citation or order will be issued regardless of whether we had any knowledge of, or fault in, the existence of that condition.  Many of the Mine Act standards include one or more subjective elements, so that issuance of a citation often depends on the opinions or experience of the MSHA inspector involved and the frequency of citations will vary from inspector to inspector.

If we disagree with the assertions of an MSHA inspector, we may exercise our right to challenge those findings by "contesting" the citation or order pursuant to the procedures established by the Mine Act and its regulations.  During the three months ended June 30, 2022, our operating subsidiaries contested approximately 11.1% of all citations and 29.2% of S&S citations issued by MSHA inspectors.  These contest proceedings frequently result in the dismissal or modification of previously issued citations, substantial reductions in the penalty amounts originally assessed by MSHA, or both.

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act") requires issuers to include in periodic reports filed with the SEC certain information relating to citations or orders for violations of standards under the Mine Act.  The following tables include information required by the Dodd-Frank Act for the three months ended June 30, 2022.  The mine data retrieval system maintained by MSHA may show information that is different than what is provided herein.  Any such difference may be attributed to the need to update that information on MSHA’s system and/or other factors.

						Total Dollar Value of
	Section 104(a)	Section	Section 104(d)	Section	Section	MSHA Assessments
Subsidiary Name / MSHA	S&S	104(b)	Citations and	110(b)(2)	107(a)	Proposed
Identification Number (1)	Citations(2)	Orders (3)	Orders (4)	Violations (5)	Orders (6)	(in thousands) (7)
Illinois Basin Operations
Webster County Coal, LLC (KY)
1502132	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1511935	-	-	-	-	-	$	0.1
Warrior Coal, LLC (KY)
1505230	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1512083	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1513514	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1516460	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517216	23	-	-	-	-	$	57.4
1517232	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517678	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517740	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517758	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1514335	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
Hopkins County Coal, LLC (KY)
1502013	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517377	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517515	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1518826	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517378	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
River View Coal, LLC (KY)
1503178	2	-	-	-	-	$	1.1
1519374	37	-	-	-	-	$	124.2
White County Coal, LLC (IL)
1102662	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1103058	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
Hamilton County Coal, LLC (IL)
1103242	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1103203	9	-	2	-	-	$	26.3
Gibson County Coal, LLC (IN)
1202388	7	-	-	-	-	$	8.6
1202215	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1202494	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
Sebree Mining, LLC (KY)
1519264	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1518547	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517044	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
Appalachia Operations
MC Mining, LLC (KY)
1508079	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1517733	-	-	-	-	-	$	0.9
1519515	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1519838	10	-	-	-	-	$	15.9
Mettiki Coal, LLC (MD)
1800621	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1800671	-	-	-	-	-	$	0.9
1800761	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
Mettiki Coal (WV), LLC
4609028	4	-	-	-	-	$	2.1
Tunnel Ridge, LLC (PA/WV)
4608864	2	-	-	-	-	$	17.3
Other
4403236	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
4403255	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
4406630	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
4406867	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
1502709	-	-	-	-	-	$	-
Mid-America Carbonates, LLC (IL)
1103176	-	-	-	-	-	$	-

	Total	Received Notice	Legal	Legal	Legal
	Number of	of Pattern of	Actions	Actions	Actions
	Mining	Violations Under	Pending as of	Initiated	Resolved
Subsidiary Name / MSHA	Related	Section 104(e)	Last Day of	During	During
Identification Number (1)	Fatalities	(yes/no) (8)	Period (10)	Period	Period
Illinois Basin Operations
Webster County Coal, LLC (KY)
1502132	-	No	-	-	-
1511935	-	No	-	-	-
Warrior Coal, LLC (KY)
1505230	-	No	-	-	-
1512083	-	No	-	-	-
1513514	-	No	-	-	-
1516460	-	No	-	-	-
1517216	-	No	4	3	3
1517232	-	No	-	-	-
1517678	-	No	-	-	-
1517740	-	No	-	-	-
1517758	-	No	-	-	-
1514335	-	No	-	-	-
Hopkins County Coal, LLC (KY)
1502013	-	No	-	-	-
1517377	-	No	-	-	-
1517515	-	No	-	-	-
1518826	-	No	-	-	-
1517378	-	No	-	-	-
River View Coal, LLC (KY)
1503178	-	No	1	1	1
1519374	-	No	5	3	2
White County Coal, LLC (IL)
1102662	-	No	-	-	-
1103058	-	No	-	-	-
Hamilton County Coal, LLC (IL)
1103242	-	No	-	-	-
1103203	-	No	-	-	2
Gibson County Coal, LLC (IN)
1202388	-	No	1	1	1
1202215	-	No	-	-	-
1202494	-	No	-	-	-
Sebree Mining, LLC (KY)
1519264	-	No	-	-	-
1518547	-	No	-	-	-
1517044	-	No	-	-	-
Appalachia Operations
MC Mining, LLC (KY)
1508079	-	No	-	-	-
1517733	-	No	-	-	-
1519515	-	No	-	-	-
1519838	-	No	2	-	-
Mettiki Coal, LLC (MD)
1800621	-	No	-	-	-
1800671	-	No	-	-	-
1800761	-	No	-	-	-
Mettiki Coal (WV), LLC
4609028	-	No	-	-	-
Tunnel Ridge, LLC (PA/WV)
4608864	-	No	-	-	-
Other
4403236	-	No	-	-	-
4403255	-	No	-	-	-
4406630	-	No	-	-	-
4406867	-	No	-	-	-
Mid-America Carbonates, LLC (IL)
1103176	-	No	-	-	-

The number of legal actions pending before the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission as of June 30, 2022 that fall into each of the following categories is as follows:

				Complaints of	Applications
	Contests of	Contests of	Complaints	Discharge/	for	Appeals of
Subsidiary Name / MSHA	Citations	Proposed	for	Discrimination	Temporary	Judges
Identification Number (1)	and Orders	Penalties (9)	Compensation	/Interference	Relief	Rulings
Illinois Basin Operations
Webster County Coal, LLC (KY)
1502132	-	-	-	-	-	-
1511935	-	-	-	-	-	-
Warrior Coal, LLC (KY)
1505230	-	-	-	-	-	-
1512083	-	-	-	-	-	-
1513514	-	-	-	-	-	-
1516460	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517216	-	4	-	-	-	-
1517232	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517678	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517740	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517758	-	-	-	-	-	-
1514335	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hopkins County Coal, LLC (KY)
1502013	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517377	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517515	-	-	-	-	-	-
1518826	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517378	-	-	-	-	-	-
River View Coal, LLC (KY)
1503178	-	1	-	-	-	-
1519374	-	5	-	-	-	-
White County Coal, LLC (IL)
1102662	-	-	-	-	-	-
1103058	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hamilton County Coal, LLC (IL)
1103242	-	-	-	-	-	-
1103203	-	-	-	-	-	-
Gibson County Coal, LLC (IN)
1202388	-	1	-	-	-	-
1202215	-	-	-	-	-	-
1202494	-	-	-	-	-	-
Sebree Mining, LLC (KY)
1519264	-	-	-	-	-	-
1518547	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517044	-	-	-	-	-	-
Appalachia Operations
MC Mining, LLC (KY)
1508079	-	-	-	-	-	-
1517733	-	-	-	-	-	-
1519515	-	-	-	-	-	-
1519838	-	2	-	-	-	-
Mettiki Coal, LLC (MD)
1800621	-	-	-	-	-	-
1800671	-	-	-	-	-	-
1800761	-	-	-	-	-	-
Mettiki Coal (WV), LLC
4609028	-	-	-	-	-	-
Tunnel Ridge, LLC (PA/WV)
4608864	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other
4403236	-	-	-	-	-	-
4403255	-	-	-	-	-	-
4406630	-	-	-	-	-	-
4406867	-	-	-	-	-	-
Mid-America Carbonates, LLC (IL)
1103176	-	-	-	-	-	-

(1) The statistics reported for each of our subsidiaries listed above are segregated into specific MSHA identification numbers.  

(2) Mine Act section 104(a) S&S citations shown above are for alleged violations of mandatory health or safety standards that could significantly and substantially contribute to a coal mine health and safety hazard.  It should be noted that, for purposes of this table, S&S citations that are included in another column, such as Section 104(d) citations, are not also included as Section 104(a) S&S citations in this column.  

(3) Mine Act section 104(b) orders are for alleged failures to totally abate a citation within the time period specified in the citation.

(4) Mine Act section 104(d) citations and orders are for an alleged unwarrantable failure (i.e., aggravated conduct constituting more than ordinary negligence) to comply with mandatory health or safety standards.

(5) Mine Act section 110(b)(2) violations are for an alleged "flagrant" failure (i.e., reckless or repeated) to make reasonable efforts to eliminate a known violation of a mandatory safety or health standard that substantially and proximately caused, or reasonably could have been expected to cause, death or serious bodily injury.

(6) Mine Act section 107(a) orders are for alleged conditions or practices which could reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical harm before such condition or practice can be abated and result in orders of immediate withdrawal from the area of the mine affected by the condition.

(7) Amounts shown include assessments proposed by MSHA during the three months ended June 30, 2022 on all citations and orders, including those citations and orders that are not required to be included within the above chart.

(8) Mine Act section 104(e) written notices are for an alleged pattern of violations of mandatory health or safety standards that could significantly and substantially contribute to a coal mine safety or health hazard.

(9) Pursuant to the Procedural Rules of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, mine operators may contest the underlying validity and fact of an alleged citation or order, as well as any special findings of an alleged citation or order, including a significant and substantial or unwarrantable failure designation, as part of any proceeding contesting a proposed penalty assessment.    

(10) On May 11, 2022, a Federal Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”) issued an Order of Reallocation for MSHA Docket KENT 2022-0033, which was initiated on March 28, 2022.  In the Order for Reallocation, the ALJ divided the 27 citations contested in the KENT 2022-0033 docket between two dockets, leaving fourteen in KENT 2022-0033, and moving thirteen into a new docket captioned as KENT 2022-0067.  Both actions remain pending as of June 30, 2022.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Aug. 08, 2022
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2022
Entity File Number	0-26823
Entity Registrant Name	ALLIANCE RESOURCE PARTNERS LP
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	73-1564280
Entity Address, Address Line One	1717 South Boulder Avenue, Suite 400
Entity Address, City or Town	Tulsa
Entity Address, State or Province	OK
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	74119
City Area Code	918
Local Phone Number	295-7600
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Title of 12(b) Security	Common units
Trading Symbol	ARLP
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Units Outstanding		127,195,219
Entity Central Index Key	0001086600
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 106,089	$ 122,403
Trade receivables	230,577	129,531
Other receivables	431	680
Inventories, net	109,676	60,302
Advance royalties	3,458	4,958
Prepaid expenses and other assets	15,853	21,354
Total current assets	466,084	339,228
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:
Property, plant and equipment, at cost	3,656,835	3,608,347
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	(1,970,964)	(1,909,669)
Total property, plant and equipment, net	1,685,871	1,698,678
OTHER ASSETS:
Advance royalties	70,800	63,524
Equity method investments	46,388	26,325
Equity securities	32,639
Goodwill	4,373	4,373
Operating lease right-of-use assets	14,731	14,158
Other long-term assets	12,305	13,120
Total other assets	181,236	121,500
TOTAL ASSETS	2,333,191	2,159,406
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	90,408	69,586
Accrued taxes other than income taxes	13,972	17,787
Accrued payroll and related expenses	38,796	36,805
Accrued interest	5,000	5,000
Workers' compensation and pneumoconiosis benefits	12,276	12,293
Current finance lease obligations	486	840
Current operating lease obligations	2,157	1,820
Other current liabilities	18,511	17,375
Current maturities, long-term debt, net	14,942	16,071
Total current liabilities	196,548	177,577
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities, net	412,991	418,942
Pneumoconiosis benefits	108,819	107,560
Accrued pension benefit	24,130	25,590
Workers' compensation	38,701	44,911
Asset retirement obligations	124,180	123,517
Long-term finance lease obligations	562	618
Long-term operating lease obligations	12,657	12,366
Deferred income tax liabilities	37,331	391
Other liabilities	25,079	21,865
Total long-term liabilities	784,450	755,760
Total liabilities	980,998	933,337
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - (Note 3)
ARLP Partners' Capital:
Limited Partners - Common Unitholders 127,195,219 units outstanding	1,403,733	1,279,183
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(62,645)	(64,229)
Total ARLP Partners' Capital	1,341,088	1,214,954
Noncontrolling interest	11,105	11,115
Total Partners' Capital	1,352,193	1,226,069
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL	$ 2,333,191	$ 2,159,406

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - shares	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Common units outstanding	127,195,219	127,195,219

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Revenues	$ 616,501	$ 362,443	$ 1,077,364	$ 681,065
EXPENSES:
Outside coal purchases	151	114	151	114
General and administrative	22,457	17,492	41,053	32,996
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	66,734	64,733	130,048	123,935
Total operating expenses	441,229	307,436	814,257	589,730
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS	175,272	55,007	263,107	91,335
Interest expense (net of interest capitalized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 of $171, $105, $241 and $191, respectively)	(9,397)	(9,842)	(19,059)	(20,238)
Interest income	93	15	128	32
Equity method investment income	1,585	341	2,468	403
Other income (expense)	579	(1,351)	1,145	(2,548)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	168,132	44,170	247,789	68,984
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)	6,331	5	49,046	(7)
NET INCOME	161,801	44,165	198,743	68,991
LESS: NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING INTEREST	(323)	(130)	(613)	(208)
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO ARLP	$ 161,478	$ 44,035	$ 198,130	$ 68,783
EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT - BASIC (in dollars per unit)	$ 1.23	$ 0.34	$ 1.51	$ 0.53
EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT - DILUTED (in dollars per unit)	$ 1.23	$ 0.34	$ 1.51	$ 0.53
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE NUMBER OF UNITS OUTSTANDING - BASIC (in units)	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE NUMBER OF UNITS OUTSTANDING - DILUTED (in units)	127,195,000	127,195,000	127,195,000	127,195,000
Product
EXPENSES:
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	$ 316,502	$ 213,039	$ 578,248	$ 409,559
Coal sales
SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Revenues	531,807	325,974	920,167	613,461
Oil & gas royalties
SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Revenues	35,927	17,114	66,854	31,113
Transportation
SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Revenues	35,385	12,058	64,757	23,126
EXPENSES:
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	35,385	12,058	64,757	23,126
Other revenues
SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Revenues	$ 13,382	$ 7,297	$ 25,586	$ 13,365

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Interest expense, interest capitalized	$ 171	$ 105	$ 241	$ 191

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
NET INCOME	$ 161,801	$ 44,165	$ 198,743	$ 68,991
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	794	2,231	1,584	4,462
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	162,595	46,396	200,327	73,453
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest	(323)	(130)	(613)	(208)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO ARLP	162,272	46,266	199,714	73,245
Defined benefit pension plan
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
Amortization of prior service cost	46	46	93	93
Amortization of net actuarial loss	489	1,142	972	2,283
Total recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss	535	1,188	1,065	2,376
Pneumoconiosis benefits
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
Amortization of net actuarial loss	259	1,043	519	2,086
Total recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ 259	$ 1,043	$ 519	$ 2,086

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES	$ 235,317	$ 158,216
Property, plant and equipment:
Capital expenditures	(121,982)	(55,626)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	8,951	1,547
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment	3,373	2,838
Contributions to equity method investments	(20,110)
Purchase of equity security	(32,639)
Distributions received from investments in excess of cumulative earnings	47	994
Other	(982)
Net cash used in investing activities	(163,342)	(50,247)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings under securitization facility	27,500	35,000
Payments under securitization facility	(27,500)	(52,800)
Payments on equipment financings	(8,696)	(8,535)
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities		15,000
Payments under revolving credit facilities		(102,500)
Borrowings from line of credit		1,830
Payments on finance lease obligations	(410)	(375)
Payment of debt issuance costs		(6)
Distributions paid to Partners	(78,560)	(13,045)	$ (52,158)
Other	(623)	(363)
Net cash used in financing activities	(88,289)	(125,794)
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	(16,314)	(17,825)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD	122,403	55,574	55,574
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	106,089	37,749	$ 122,403
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest	17,506	18,817
Cash paid for income taxes	10,964	11
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH ACTIVITY:
Accounts payable for purchase of property, plant and equipment	17,276	$ 7,278
Right-of-use assets acquired by operating lease	$ 99

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ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

1.ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

Significant Relationships Referenced in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

● References to "we," "us," "our" or "ARLP Partnership" mean the business and operations of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., the parent company, as well as its consolidated subsidiaries.

● References to "ARLP" mean Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., individually as the parent company, and not on a consolidated basis.

● References to "MGP" mean Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, ARLP's general partner.  

● References to "Mr. Craft" mean Joseph W. Craft III, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP.

● References to "Intermediate Partnership" mean Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P., the intermediate partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.

● References to "Alliance Coal" mean Alliance Coal, LLC, the holding company for our coal mining operations.

● References to "Alliance Minerals" mean Alliance Minerals, LLC, the holding company for our oil and gas mineral interests.

● References to "Alliance Resource Properties" mean Alliance Resource Properties, LLC, the land holding company for certain of our coal mineral interests, including the subsidiaries of Alliance Resource Properties, LLC.

Organization

ARLP is a Delaware limited partnership listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol "ARLP."  ARLP was formed in May 1999 and completed its initial public offering on August 19, 1999 when it acquired substantially all of the coal production and marketing assets of Alliance Resource Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.  We are managed by our general partner, MGP, a Delaware limited liability company which holds a non-economic general partner interest in ARLP.  

Change in Tax Status

On March 15, 2022, Alliance Minerals changed its federal income tax status from a pass-through entity to a taxable entity via a "check the box" election (the "Tax Election"), which became effective January 1, 2022. This election for Alliance Minerals is anticipated to reduce the total income tax burden on our oil & gas royalties, as Alliance Minerals will pay entity-level taxes at corporate tax rates that are well below individual tax rates that would otherwise be paid by our unitholders. For more information on the Tax Election please see Note 7 – Income Taxes.

Francis Investment

On April 5, 2022, we committed to invest up to $50 million in Francis Renewable Energy, LLC ("Francis") through the purchase of preferred equity interests.  Francis currently is active in the installation, management and operation of metered-for-fee, public-access electric vehicle ("EV") charging stations. Francis also develops and constructs EV charging stations for third-party customers.  Our investment in Francis furthers our business strategy to develop strategic relationships and invest in attractive opportunities in the fast-growing energy infrastructure transition.  For more information on this investment please see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities.

Infinitum Investment

On April 29, 2022, we purchased $32.6 million of Series D Preferred Stock from Infinitum Electric, Inc. ("Infinitum"), a Texas-based startup developer and manufacturer of electric motors featuring printed circuit board stators which have the potential to result in motors that are smaller, lighter, quieter, more efficient and capable of operating at a fraction of the carbon footprint of conventional electric motors.  The preferred stock provides for non-cumulative dividends when and if declared by Infinitum’s board of directors.  Each share is convertible, at any time, at our option, into shares of common stock of Infinitum.  Our investment in Infinitum furthers our business strategy to develop strategic relationships and invest in attractive opportunities in the fast-growing energy infrastructure transition.  For more information on this investment please see Note 9 – Investments.

NGP ETP IV Investment

On June 2, 2022, we committed to purchase $25.0 million of limited partner interests in NGP ETP IV, L.P. ("NGP ETP IV"), a private equity fund sponsored by NGP Energy Capital Management, LLC ("NGP").   NGP ETP IV focuses on investments that are part of the global transition toward a lower carbon economy by partnering with top tier management teams and investing growth equity in companies that drive or enable the growth of renewable energy, the electrification of our economy or the efficient use of energy. For more information on this investment please see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the ARLP Partnership and present our financial position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the results of our operations and comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.  All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim reporting and do not include all the information normally included with financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") of the United States.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, these condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented.  Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the ARLP Partnership's condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Income Taxes

We are not a taxable entity for federal or state income tax purposes; the tax effect of our activities accrues to our unitholders. Although publicly traded partnerships as a general rule are taxed as corporations, we qualify for an exemption because at least 90% of our income consists of qualifying income, as defined in Section 7704(c) of the Internal Revenue Code.  Net income for financial statement purposes may differ significantly from taxable income reportable to unitholders as a result of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities and the taxable income allocation requirements under our partnership agreement. Individual unitholders have different investment bases depending upon the timing and price of acquisition of their partnership units. Furthermore, each unitholder's tax accounting, which is partially dependent upon the unitholder's tax position, differs from the accounting followed in our consolidated financial statements.  Accordingly, the aggregate difference in the basis of our net assets for financial and tax reporting purposes cannot be readily determined because information regarding each unitholder's tax attributes in our partnership is not available to us.

Our subsidiary Alliance Minerals within our Oil & Gas Royalties segment and certain other subsidiaries within our Other, Corporate and Elimination category are subject to federal and state income taxes.  We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of (i) temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities and (ii) operating losses and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are based on enacted rates applicable to the future period when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect of a change in tax status or a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period the change in status is elected or rate change is enacted.  A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

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NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

2.NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

In November 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance ("ASU 2021-10").  ASU 2021-10 increases the transparency of government assistance including the disclosure of (1) the types of assistance, (2) an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and (3) the effect of the assistance on an entity’s financial statements.  We adopted ASU 2021-10 on January 1, 2022.  The adoption of ASU 2021-10 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CONTINGENCIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

CONTINGENCIES

CONTINGENCIES

3.CONTINGENCIES

We are party to litigation that has been initiated against certain of our subsidiaries in which the plaintiffs allege violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and Kentucky Wage and Hour Act due to an alleged failure to compensate for time "donning" and "doffing" equipment and to account for certain bonuses in the calculation of overtime rates and pay.  The plaintiffs seek class or collective action certification.  Because the litigation of these matters is in the early stages, we cannot reasonably estimate a range of potential exposure at this time.  We believe the plaintiffs’ claims are without merit and our ultimate exposure, if any, will not be material to our results of operations or financial position and we intend to defend the litigation vigorously.  However, if our current belief that the claims are without merit is not upheld, it is reasonably possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters could result in a potential loss that may be material to our results of operations.

We also have various other lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings incidental to our business that are pending against the ARLP Partnership.  We record an accrual for a potential loss related to these matters when, in management's opinion, such loss is probable and reasonably estimable.  Based on known facts and circumstances, we believe the ultimate outcome of these outstanding lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.  However, if the results of these matters are different from management's current expectations and in amounts greater than our accruals, such matters could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.

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INVENTORIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

INVENTORIES

INVENTORIES

4.INVENTORIES

Inventories consist of the following:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Coal	$	63,933	$	24,845
Supplies (net of reserve for obsolescence of $5,620 and $5,554, respectively)		45,743		35,457
Total inventories, net	$	109,676	$	60,302

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

5.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes our fair value measurements within the hierarchy not included elsewhere in these notes:

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Long-term debt	$	—	$	428,645	$	—	$	—	$	457,758	$	—
Total	$	—	$	428,645	$	—	$	—	$	457,758	$	—

The carrying amounts for cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments.

The estimated fair value of our long-term debt, including current maturities, is based on interest rates that we believe are currently available to us in active markets for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (See Note 6 – Long-Term Debt).  The fair value of debt, which is based upon these interest rates, is classified as a Level 2 measurement under the fair value hierarchy.

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LONG-TERM DEBT

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

LONG-TERM DEBT

LONG-TERM DEBT

6.LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following:

					Unamortized Discount and
	Principal				Debt Issuance Costs
	June 30,		December 31,		June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Revolving credit facility	$	—	$	—	$	(3,861)	$	(5,019)
Senior notes		400,000		400,000		(2,592)		(3,048)
Securitization facility		—		—		—		—
May 2019 equipment financing		—		1,503		—		—
November 2019 equipment financing		26,587		31,972		—		—
June 2020 equipment financing		7,799		9,605		—		—
		434,386		443,080		(6,453)		(8,067)
Less current maturities		(14,942)		(16,071)		—		—
Total long-term debt	$	419,444	$	427,009	$	(6,453)	$	(8,067)

Credit Facility.  On March 9, 2020, our Intermediate Partnership entered into a Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with various financial institutions.  The Credit Agreement provides for a $459.5 million revolving credit facility, including a sublimit of $125 million for the issuance of letters of credit and a sublimit of $15.0 million for swingline borrowings (the "Revolving Credit Facility"), with a termination date of March 9, 2024.  

The Credit Agreement is guaranteed by certain of our Intermediate Partnership's material direct and indirect subsidiaries (the "Restricted Subsidiaries") and is secured by substantially all the assets of the Restricted Subsidiaries.  The Credit Agreement is also guaranteed by Alliance Minerals but the oil and gas mineral assets of Alliance Minerals and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (collectively with Alliance Minerals, the "Unrestricted Subsidiaries") are not collateral under the Credit Agreement.  Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, at our option, at either (i) the Base Rate at the greater of three benchmarks or (ii) a Eurodollar Rate, plus margins for (i) or (ii), as applicable, that fluctuate depending upon the ratio of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Cash Flow (each as defined in the Credit Agreement).  The Eurodollar Rate, with applicable margin, under the Revolving Credit Facility was 4.14% as of June 30, 2022.  On June 30, 2022, we had $44.1 million of letters of credit outstanding with $415.4 million available for borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility. We incur an annual commitment fee of 0.35% on the undrawn portion of the Revolving Credit Facility.  We utilize the Revolving Credit Facility, as appropriate, for working capital requirements, capital expenditures and investments, scheduled debt payments and distribution payments.  

The Credit Agreement contains various restrictions affecting the Intermediate Partnership and its Restricted Subsidiaries including, among other things, restrictions on incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens, sale of assets, investments, mergers and consolidations and transactions with affiliates, including transactions with Unrestricted Subsidiaries.  In each case, these restrictions are subject to various exceptions.  In addition, the payment of cash distributions is restricted if such payment would result in a fixed charge coverage ratio of less than 1.0 to 1.0 (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for the four most recently ended fiscal quarters.  The Credit Agreement requires the Intermediate Partnership to maintain (a) a debt to cash flow ratio of not more than 2.5 to 1.0, (b) a cash flow to interest expense ratio of not less than 3.0 to 1.0 and (c) a first lien debt to cash flow ratio of not more than 1.5 to 1.0, in each case, during the four most recently ended fiscal quarters. The debt to cash flow ratio, cash flow to interest expense ratio and first lien debt to cash flow ratio were 0.74 to 1.0, 15.52 to 1.0 and 0.07 to 1.0, respectively, for the trailing twelve months ended June 30, 2022.  We remained in compliance with the covenants of the Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2022 and anticipate remaining in compliance with the covenants.  

Senior Notes.  On April 24, 2017, the Intermediate Partnership and Alliance Resource Finance Corporation (as co-issuer), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Intermediate Partnership ("Alliance Finance"), issued an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million of senior unsecured notes due 2025 ("Senior Notes") in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers.  The Senior Notes have a term of eight years, maturing on May 1, 2025 (the "Term") and accrue interest at an annual rate of 7.5%.  Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on each May 1 and November 1.  The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains customary terms, events of default and covenants relating to, among other things, the incurrence of debt, the payment of distributions or similar restricted payments, undertaking transactions with affiliates and limitations on asset sales.  The issuers of the Senior Notes may redeem all or a part of the notes at any time at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the Senior Notes.    

Accounts Receivable Securitization.  On December 5, 2014, certain direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of our Intermediate Partnership entered into a $100.0 million accounts receivable securitization facility ("Securitization Facility").  In January 2021, we reduced the borrowing availability under the facility to $60.0 million.  Under the Securitization Facility, certain subsidiaries sell certain trade receivables on an ongoing basis to our Intermediate Partnership, which then sells the trade receivables to AROP Funding, LLC ("AROP Funding"), a wholly owned bankruptcy-remote special purpose subsidiary of our Intermediate Partnership, which in turn borrows on a revolving basis up to $60.0 million secured by the trade receivables.  After the sale, Alliance Coal, as servicer of the assets, collects the receivables on behalf of AROP Funding.  The Securitization Facility bears interest based on a short-term bank yield index.  On June 30, 2022, we had $9.2 million of letters of credit outstanding with $50.8 million available for borrowing under the Securitization Facility. The agreement governing the Securitization Facility contains customary terms and conditions, including limitations with regards to certain customer credit ratings.  The Securitization Facility is scheduled to mature in January 2023.  On June 30, 2022, we had no outstanding balance under the Securitization Facility.  

May 2019 Equipment Financing.  On May 17, 2019, the Intermediate Partnership entered into an equipment financing arrangement accounted for as debt, wherein the Intermediate Partnership received $10.0 million in exchange for conveying its interest in certain equipment owned indirectly by the Intermediate Partnership and entering into a master lease agreement for that equipment (the "May 2019 Equipment Financing"). The May 2019 Equipment Financing contained customary terms and events of default and provided for thirty-six monthly payments with an implicit interest rate of 6.25%.  The May 2019 Equipment Financing matured on May 1, 2022 and the equipment reverted to the Intermediate Partnership.

November 2019 Equipment Financing.  On November 6, 2019, the Intermediate Partnership entered into an equipment financing arrangement accounted for as debt, wherein the Intermediate Partnership received $53.1 million in exchange for conveying its interest in certain equipment owned indirectly by the Intermediate Partnership and entering into a master lease agreement for that equipment (the "November 2019 Equipment Financing").  The November 2019 Equipment Financing contains customary terms and events of default and an implicit interest rate of 4.75%, providing for a four-year term with forty-seven monthly payments of $1.0 million and a balloon payment of $11.6 million upon maturity on November 6, 2023.  Upon maturity, the equipment will revert to the Intermediate Partnership.  

June 2020 Equipment Financing.  On June 5, 2020, the Intermediate Partnership entered into an equipment financing arrangement accounted for as debt, wherein the Intermediate Partnership received $14.7 million in exchange for conveying its interest in certain equipment owned indirectly by the Intermediate Partnership and entering into a master lease agreement for that equipment (the "June 2020 Equipment Financing"). The June 2020 Equipment Financing contains

customary terms and events of default and provides for forty-eight monthly payments with an implicit interest rate of 6.1%, maturing on June 5, 2024. Upon maturity, the equipment will revert to the Intermediate Partnership.

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INCOME TAXES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

7.INCOME TAXES

Components of income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Current:
Federal	$	6,175	$	—	$	11,209	$	(1)
State		445		—		831		—
		6,620		—		12,040		(1)
Deferred:
Federal		(255)		5		34,665		(6)
State		(34)		—		2,341		—
		(289)		5		37,006		(6)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	6,331	$	5	$	49,046	$	(7)

Alliance Minerals' Tax Election resulted in the recognition of an initial deferred tax liability of $37.3 million and a corresponding increase to income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022.  This increase in income tax expense reduced net income by $37.3 million, or approximately $0.29 per basic and diluted limited partner unit, for the six months ended June 30, 2022. Recognition of the initial deferred tax liability and expense is primarily the result of the $177.0 million non-cash acquisition gain recognized in 2019 related to the acquisition of the remaining interests in AllDale Minerals LP ("AllDale I") and AllDale Minerals II, LP ("AllDale II", and collectively with AllDale I, "AllDale I & II") (the “Acquisition Gain”).  The Acquisition Gain was recognized to step up to fair value the financial reporting basis of the interests we already owned at the time of acquisition. The tax basis of the underlying properties of AllDale I & II did not include the Acquisition Gain.

Reconciliations of income taxes at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to income taxes at our effective tax rate are as follows:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Income taxes at statutory rate	$	30,738	$	9,276	$	47,466	$	14,487
Less: Income taxes at statutory rate on Partnership income not subject to income taxes		(25,018)		(9,141)		(37,105)		(14,174)
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
State taxes, net of federal income tax		457		34		818		72
Change in valuation allowance of deferred tax assets		11		(142)		1		(305)
Deferred taxes related to tax election		—		—		37,253		—
Other		143		(22)		613		(87)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	6,331	$	5	$	49,046	$	(7)

The effective income tax rate for our income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 is less than the federal statutory rate, primarily due to the portion of income not subject to income taxes, partially offset by the effect of the Tax Election previously discussed. The effective income tax rate for our income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is greater than the federal statutory rate, primarily due to the effect of the Tax Election, partially offset by the portion of income not subject to income taxes. The effective income tax rate for our income tax expense (benefit) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 is less than the federal statutory rate, primarily due to the portion of income not subject to income taxes.

Significant components of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets are as follows:

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment	$	(38,710)	$	(2,169)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(38,710)		(2,169)
Deferred tax assets:
Federal loss carryovers and credits		933		1,328
Other		764		808
Total deferred tax assets		1,697		2,136
Less valuation allowance		(318)		(317)
Net deferred tax assets		1,379		1,819
Overall net deferred tax liabilities	$	(37,331)	$	(350)

The change in deferred tax liabilities for property, plant and equipment is primarily as a result of the Alliance Minerals’ Tax Election and associated impact of the Acquisition Gain discussed above.  

Federal loss carryovers and credits are primarily due to net operating losses and research and development credits associated with the operations of other subsidiaries that are taxable for federal income tax purposes.  

The valuation allowance as of June 30, 2022 and 2021 serves to reduce the available deferred tax assets to amounts that will, more likely than not, be realized.  We considered all available positive and negative evidence, which incorporates available tax planning strategies and our estimate of future reversals of existing temporary differences, and have determined that a portion of our deferred tax assets relating to state losses and credits may not be realized.

Our 2018 through 2021 tax years remain open to examination by tax authorities.

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

8.VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Cavalier Minerals

On November 10, 2014, our subsidiary, Alliance Minerals, and Bluegrass Minerals Management, LLC ("Bluegrass Minerals") entered into a limited liability company agreement (the "Cavalier Agreement") to create Cavalier Minerals JV, LLC ("Cavalier Minerals"), which was formed to indirectly acquire oil & gas mineral interests through its ownership in AllDale I & II.  Alliance Minerals owns a 96% member interest in Cavalier Minerals, and Bluegrass Minerals owns a 4% member interest in Cavalier Minerals and a profits interest which entitles it to receive distributions equal to 25% of all distributions (including in liquidation) after all members have recovered their investment.  Distributions with respect to Bluegrass Minerals' profits interest will be offset by all distributions received by Bluegrass Minerals from the former general partners of AllDale I & II.  To date, there has been no profits interest distribution.  We hold the managing member interest in Cavalier Minerals.  Total contributions to and cumulative distributions from Cavalier Minerals are as follows:  

	Alliance		Bluegrass
	Minerals		Minerals
	(in thousands)
Contributions	$	143,112	$	5,963
Distributions		124,945		5,205

We have concluded that Cavalier Minerals is a variable interest entity ("VIE") which we consolidate as the primary beneficiary because we are the managing member and a substantial equity owner in Cavalier Minerals.  Bluegrass Minerals' equity ownership of Cavalier Minerals is accounted for as noncontrolling ownership interest in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.  In addition, earnings attributable to Bluegrass Minerals are recognized as noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

AllDale III

In February 2017, Alliance Minerals committed to directly invest $30.0 million in AllDale Minerals III, LP ("AllDale III") which was created for similar investment purposes as AllDale I & II.  Alliance Minerals completed funding of this commitment in 2018. Alliance Minerals' limited partner interest in AllDale III is 13.9%.

The AllDale III Partnership Agreement includes a 25% profits interest for the general partner, subject to a return hurdle equal to the greater of 125% of cumulative capital contributions and a 10% internal rate of return, and following an 80/20 "catch-up" provision for the general partner.  

Since AllDale III is structured as a limited partnership with the limited partners (i) not having the ability to remove the general partner and (ii) not participating significantly in the operational decisions, we concluded that AllDale III is a VIE.  We are not the primary beneficiary of AllDale III as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact AllDale III's economic performance.  We account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of AllDale III as an equity method investment.  We record equity income or loss based on AllDale III's distribution structure. See Note 9 – Investments for more information.

Francis

On April 5, 2022, we committed to invest up to $50 million in Francis through the purchase of preferred equity interests. We funded the first $20 million on April 5, 2022, in the form of a convertible note with a maturity date of April 1, 2023.  Our convertible note represents a 15.4% ownership interest in Francis.  The note converts into preferred equity interests in Francis at maturity, or any time prior at our option.  We have determined the note more closely represents equity as opposed to debt. Therefore, we will account for the convertible note as an equity contribution even though we will not participate in Francis’ earnings or losses and will not be eligible to receive distributions until the note converts. We have options to acquire the remaining preferred equity interests as part of our investment.

We have concluded that Francis is a VIE as the management structure is similar to a limited partnership with the non-managing members (i) not having the ability to remove the managing member and (ii) not participating significantly in the operational decisions.  We are not the primary beneficiary of Francis as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Francis's economic performance. We account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of Francis as an equity method investment. We record equity income or loss based on Francis’ distribution structure. See Note 9 – Investments for more information.

NGP ETP IV

On June 2, 2022, we committed to purchase $25.0 million of limited partner interests in NGP ETP IV, a private equity fund sponsored by NGP and focused on investments that are part of the global transition toward a lower carbon economy. We funded $0.1 million on June 21, 2022.  Our final ownership percentage in NGP ETP IV is not yet known.

We have concluded that NGP ETP IV is a VIE as it is structured as a limited partnership with limited partners (i) not having the ability to remove the general partner and (ii) not participating significantly in the operational decisions. We are not the primary beneficiary of NGP ETP IV as we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact NGP ETP IV's economic performance.  We account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of NGP ETP IV as an equity method investment. See Note 9 – Investments for more information.

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INVESTMENTS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

INVESTMENTS

INVESTMENTS

9.INVESTMENTS

AllDale III

As discussed in Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities, we account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of AllDale III as an equity method investment.  The changes in our equity method investment in AllDale III for each of the periods presented were as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	26,194	$	26,907	$	26,325	$	27,268
Equity method investment income		1,585		341		2,468		403
Distributions received		(1,501)		(974)		(2,515)		(1,397)
Ending balance	$	26,278	$	26,274	$	26,278	$	26,274

Francis

As discussed in Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities, we accounted for our ownership interest in the income or loss of Francis as an equity method investment. The changes in our equity method investment in Francis for three months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	—
Contributions		20,000
Ending balance	$	20,000

NGP ETP IV

As discussed in Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities, we account for our ownership interest in the income or loss of NGP ETP IV as an equity method investment. The changes in our equity method investment in NGP ETP IV for three months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	—
Contributions		110
Ending balance	$	110

Infinitum

On April 29, 2022, we purchased $32.6 million of Series D Preferred Stock from Infinitum, a Texas-based startup developer and manufacturer of electric motors featuring printed circuit board stators.  The preferred stock provides for non-cumulative dividends when and if declared by Infinitum’s board of directors. Each share is convertible, at any time, at our option, into shares of common stock of Infinitum. We account for our ownership interest in Infinitum as an equity investment without a readily determinable fair value.  It is not practicable to estimate the fair value of our investment in Infinitum because of the lack of a quoted market price for our ownership interests.  Therefore, we use a measurement alternative other than fair value to account for our investment. There were no changes in our investment in Infinitum for three months ended June 30, 2022.During the period we have not observed any price changes that have occurred to identical or similar securities sold by Infinitum that would indicate an adjustment to the fair value of our investment is warranted.

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PARTNERS' CAPITAL

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

PARTNERS' CAPITAL

PARTNERS' CAPITAL

10.PARTNERS' CAPITAL

Distributions

Distributions paid or declared during 2021 and 2022 were as follows:

Payment Date	Per Unit Cash Distribution		Total Cash Distribution
			(in thousands)
May 14, 2021	$	0.1000	$	13,045
August 13, 2021		0.1000		13,041
November 12, 2021		0.2000		26,072
Total	$	0.4000	$	52,158
February 14, 2022	$	0.2500	$	32,750
May 13, 2022		0.3500		45,810
August 12, 2022 (1)		0.4000		—
Total	$	1.0000	$	78,560

(1) On July 26, 2022, we declared this quarterly distribution payable on August 12, 2022 to all unitholders of record as of August 5, 2022.  

Unit Repurchase Program

In May 2018, the MGP board of directors approved the establishment of a unit repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase and retire up to $100 million of ARLP common units.  The program has no time limit and we may repurchase units from time to time in the open market or in other privately negotiated transactions. The unit repurchase program authorization does not obligate us to repurchase any dollar amount or number of units.  No unit repurchases were made during the six months ended June 30, 2022.  Since inception of the unit repurchase program, we have repurchased and retired 5,460,639 units at an average unit price of $17.12 for an aggregate purchase price of $93.5 million. The remaining authorized amount for unit repurchases under this program is $6.5 million.

Change in Partners' Capital

The following tables present the quarterly change in Partners' Capital for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

				Accumulated
	Number of	Limited		Other
	Limited Partner	Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Units	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands, except unit data)
Balance at January 1, 2022	127,195,219	$	1,279,183	$	(64,229)	$	11,115	$	1,226,069
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		36,652		—		290		36,942
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		790		—		790
Total comprehensive income									37,732
Common unit-based compensation	—		2,640		—		—		2,640
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(950)		—		—		(950)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(298)		(298)
Distributions to Partners	—		(31,800)		—		—		(31,800)
Balance at March 31, 2022	127,195,219		1,285,725		(63,439)		11,107		1,233,393
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		161,478		—		323		161,801
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		794		—		794
Total comprehensive income									162,595
Common unit-based compensation	—		2,340		—		—		2,340
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(1,292)		—		—		(1,292)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(325)		(325)
Distributions to Partners	—		(44,518)		—		—		(44,518)
Balance at June 30, 2022	127,195,219	$	1,403,733	$	(62,645)	$	11,105	$	1,352,193

				Accumulated
	Number of	Limited		Other
	Limited Partner	Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Units	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands, except unit data)
Balance at January 1, 2021	127,195,219	$	1,148,565	$	(87,674)	$	11,376	$	1,072,267
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		24,748		—		78		24,826
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		2,231		—		2,231
Total comprehensive income									27,057
Common unit-based compensation	—		723		—		—		723
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(141)		(141)
Balance at March 31, 2021	127,195,219		1,174,036		(85,443)		11,313		1,099,906
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		44,035		—		130		44,165
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		2,231		—		2,231
Total comprehensive loss									46,396
Common unit-based compensation	—		1,485		—		—		1,485
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(324)		—		—		(324)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(222)		(222)
Distributions to Partners	—		(12,721)		—		—		(12,721)
Balance at June 30, 2021	127,195,219	$	1,206,511	$	(83,212)	$	11,221	$	1,134,520

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

11.REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The following table illustrates the disaggregation of our revenues by type, including a reconciliation to our segment presentation as presented in Note 16 – Segment Information.

	Coal Operations				Royalties				Other,
	Illinois								Corporate and
	Basin		Appalachia		Oil & Gas		Coal		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Coal sales	$	290,389	$	241,418	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	531,807
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		35,927		—		—		35,927
Coal royalties		—		—		—		14,525		(14,525)		—
Transportation revenues		21,449		13,936		—		—		—		35,385
Other revenues		1,659		328		652		—		10,743		13,382
Total revenues	$	313,497	$	255,682	$	36,579	$	14,525	$	(3,782)	$	616,501
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Coal sales	$	210,157	$	115,817	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	325,974
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		17,114		—		—		17,114
Coal royalties		—		—		—		11,653		(11,653)		—
Transportation revenues		7,434		4,624		—		—		—		12,058
Other revenues		642		282		473		—		5,900		7,297
Total revenues	$	218,233	$	120,723	$	17,587	$	11,653	$	(5,753)	$	362,443
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Coal sales	$	544,294	$	375,873	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	920,167
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		66,854		—		—		66,854
Coal royalties		—		—		—		29,692		(29,692)		—
Transportation revenues		40,340		24,417		—		—		—		64,757
Other revenues		3,559		691		686		—		20,650		25,586
Total revenues	$	588,193	$	400,981	$	67,540	$	29,692	$	(9,042)	$	1,077,364
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Coal sales	$	392,798	$	220,663	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	613,461
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		31,113		—		—		31,113
Coal royalties		—		—		—		22,954		(22,954)		—
Transportation revenues		15,114		8,012		—		—		—		23,126
Other revenues		1,255		667		494		—		10,949		13,365
Total revenues	$	409,167	$	229,342	$	31,607	$	22,954	$	(12,005)	$	681,065

The following table illustrates the amount of our transaction price for all current coal supply contracts allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of June 30, 2022 and disaggregated by segment and contract duration.

							2025 and
	2022		2023		2024		Thereafter		Total
	(in thousands)
Illinois Basin Coal Operations coal revenues	$	650,837	$	729,307	$	361,381	$	290,746	$	2,032,271
Appalachia Coal Operations coal revenues		381,828		335,595		236,536		40,701		994,660
Total coal revenues (1)	$	1,032,665	$	1,064,902	$	597,917	$	331,447	$	3,026,931

(1) Coal revenues generally consists of consolidated revenues excluding our Oil & Gas Royalties segment as well as intercompany revenues from our Coal Royalties segment.

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EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT

EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT

12.EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT

We utilize the two-class method in calculating basic and diluted earnings per limited partner unit ("EPU").  Net income attributable to ARLP is allocated to limited partners and participating securities under deferred compensation plans, which include rights to nonforfeitable distributions or distribution equivalents.  Net losses attributable to ARLP are allocated to limited partners but not to participating securities.  Our participating securities are outstanding restricted unit awards under our Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP") and phantom units in notional accounts under our Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") and the MGP Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors ("Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan").

The following is a reconciliation of net income attributable to ARLP used for calculating basic and diluted earnings per unit and the weighted-average units used in computing EPU for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands, except per unit data)
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Less:
Distributions to participating securities		(1,720)		(401)		(3,272)		(619)
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities		(3,645)		(825)		(3,245)		(934)
Net income attributable to ARLP available to limited partners	$	156,113	$	42,809	$	191,613	$	67,230
Weighted-average limited partner units outstanding – basic and diluted		127,195		127,195		127,195		127,195
Earnings per limited partner unit - basic and diluted (1)	$	1.23	$	0.34	$	1.51	$	0.53

(1) Diluted EPU gives effect to all potentially dilutive common units outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Diluted EPU excludes all potentially dilutive units calculated under the treasury stock method if their effect is anti-dilutive.  The combined total of LTIP, SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan units of 3,529 and 3,289 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, and 1,525 and 1,397 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, were considered anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method.

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WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS

WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS

13.WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS

The changes in the workers' compensation liability, including current and long-term liability balances, for each of the periods presented were as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	53,206	$	54,233	$	53,448	$	54,739
Accruals increase		2,271		1,565		4,546		3,237
Payments		(3,278)		(2,565)		(6,082)		(4,975)
Interest accretion		287		231		574		463
Valuation gain (1)		(5,265)		(1,405)		(5,265)		(1,405)
Ending balance	$	47,221	$	52,059	$	47,221	$	52,059

(1) Our estimate of the liability for the present value of current workers′ compensation benefits is based on our actuarial calculations.  Our actuarial calculations are based on a blend of actuarial projection methods and numerous

assumptions including claims development patterns, mortality, medical costs and interest rates.  The valuation gain in 2022 is due to an increase in the discount rate from 2.41% on December 31, 2021 to 4.22% on June 30, 2022.  The valuation gain in 2021 is due to an increase in the discount rate from 1.95% on December 31, 2020 to 2.34% on June 30, 2021.

We limit our exposure to traumatic injury claims by purchasing a high deductible insurance policy that starts paying benefits after deductibles for a claim have been met.  The deductible level may vary by claim year.  Our workers' compensation liability above is presented on a gross basis and does not include our expected receivables on our insurance policy.  Our receivables for traumatic injury claims under this policy as of June 30, 2022 are $5.7 million and are included in Other long-term assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Certain of our mine operating entities are liable under state statutes and the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, as amended, to pay pneumoconiosis, or black lung, benefits to eligible employees and former employees and their dependents.  Components of the net periodic benefit cost for each of the periods presented are as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	954	$	989	$	1,901	$	2,020
Interest cost (1)		749		637		1,496		1,273
Net amortization (1)		259		1,043		519		2,086
Net periodic benefit cost	$	1,962	$	2,669	$	3,916	$	5,379

(1) Interest cost and net amortization are included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.

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COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

14.COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

Long-Term Incentive Plan

We maintain the LTIP for certain employees and officers of MGP and its affiliates who perform services for us.  As part of our LTIP, unit awards of non-vested "phantom" or notional units, also referred to as "restricted units", may be granted which upon satisfaction of time and performance-based vesting requirements, entitle the LTIP participant to receive ARLP common units.  Certain awards may also contain a minimum-value guarantee payable in ARLP common units or cash that would be paid regardless of whether or not the awards vest, as long as service requirements are met.  Annual grant levels, vesting provisions and minimum-value guarantees of restricted units for designated participants are recommended by Mr. Craft, subject to review and approval of the compensation committee of the MGP board of directors (the "Compensation Committee").  Vesting of all restricted units outstanding is subject to the satisfaction of certain financial tests. If it is not probable the financial tests for a particular grant of restricted units will be met, any previously expensed amounts for that grant are reversed and no future expense will be recognized for that grant.  Assuming the financial tests are met, grants of restricted units issued to LTIP participants are generally expected to cliff vest on January 1st of the third year following issuance of the grants.  We expect to settle restricted unit grants by delivery of newly-issued ARLP common units, except for the portion of the grants that will satisfy employee tax withholding obligations of LTIP participants.  We account for forfeitures of non-vested LTIP restricted unit grants as they occur.  As provided under the distribution equivalent rights ("DERs") provisions of the LTIP and the terms of the LTIP restricted unit awards, all non-vested restricted units include contingent rights to receive quarterly distributions in cash or, at the discretion of the Compensation Committee, phantom units in lieu of cash credited to a bookkeeping account with value equal to the cash distributions we make to unitholders during the vesting period. If it is not probable the financial tests for a particular grant of restricted units will be met, any previously paid DER amounts for that grant are reversed from Partners’ Capital and recorded as compensation expense and future DERs for that grant, if any, will be recognized as compensation expense when paid.  

A summary of non-vested LTIP grants as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is as follows:

	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)
Non-vested grants at January 1, 2022	3,130,475	$	5.59	$	39,569
Granted (1)	687,719		13.34
Forfeited	(165,224)		6.72
Non-vested grants at June 30, 2022	3,652,970		7.00		66,594

(1) The restricted units granted during 2022 have minimum-value guarantees of either $9.62 or $6.41 per unit, regardless of whether or not the awards vest.

LTIP expense for grants of restricted units was $2.1 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $4.4 million and $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  The total obligation associated with LTIP grants of restricted units as of June 30, 2022 was $11.0 million and is included in the partners' capital Limited partners-common unitholders line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.  As of June 30, 2022, there was $14.5 million in total unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested LTIP restricted unit grants that are expected to vest.  That expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan

We utilize the SERP to provide deferred compensation benefits for certain officers and key employees. All allocations made to participants under the SERP are made in the form of "phantom" ARLP units and SERP distributions will be settled in the form of ARLP common units.  The SERP is administered by the Compensation Committee.  

Our directors participate in the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan. Pursuant to the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan, for amounts deferred either automatically or at the election of the director, a notional account is established and credited with notional common units of ARLP, described in the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan as "phantom" units.  Distributions from the Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan will be settled in the form of ARLP common units.

For both the SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan, when quarterly cash distributions are made with respect to ARLP common units, an amount equal to such quarterly distribution is credited to each participant's notional account as additional phantom units.  All grants of phantom units under the SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan vest immediately.

A summary of SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan activity as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 is as follows:

	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)
Phantom units outstanding as of January 1, 2022	668,698	$	20.37	$	8,452
Granted	25,359		15.80
Phantom units outstanding as of June 30, 2022	694,057		20.20		12,653

Total SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan expense was $0.3 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $0.6 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  As of June 30, 2022, the total obligation associated with the SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan was $14.0 million and is included in the partners' capital Limited partners-common unitholders line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS

COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS

15.COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS

Eligible employees at certain of our mining operations participate in a defined benefit plan (the "Pension Plan") that we sponsor.  The Pension Plan is currently closed to new applicants and participants in the Pension Plan are no longer receiving benefit accruals for service.  The benefit formula for the Pension Plan is a fixed dollar unit based on years of service.  Components of the net periodic benefit cost for each of the periods presented are as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Interest cost	$	936	$	860	$	1,868	$	1,720
Expected return on plan assets		(1,664)		(1,671)		(3,329)		(3,342)
Amortization of prior service cost		46		46		93		93
Amortization of net loss		489		1,142		972		2,283
Net periodic benefit cost (1)	$	(193)	$	377	$	(396)	$	754

(1) Net periodic benefit cost for the Pension Plan is included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.

As a result of certain pension plan contribution relief provided by the American Rescue Plan Act enacted in March 2021, we do not expect to make contributions to the Pension Plan during 2022.

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SEGMENT INFORMATION

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

SEGMENT INFORMATION

SEGMENT INFORMATION

16.SEGMENT INFORMATION

We operate in the United States as a diversified natural resource company that generates operating and royalty income from the production and marketing of coal to major domestic and international utilities and industrial users as well as royalty income from oil & gas mineral interests.  We aggregate multiple operating segments into four reportable segments, Illinois Basin Coal Operations, Appalachia Coal Operations, Oil & Gas Royalties and Coal Royalties.  We also have an "all other" category referred to as Other, Corporate and Elimination.  Our two coal operations reportable segments correspond to major coal producing regions in the eastern United States with similar economic characteristics including coal quality, geology, coal marketing opportunities, mining and transportation methods and regulatory issues.  The two coal operations reportable segments include seven mining complexes operating in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Pennsylvania and West Virginia and a coal-loading terminal in Indiana on the Ohio River.  Our Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment includes our oil & gas mineral interests which are located primarily in the Permian (Delaware and Midland), Anadarko (SCOOP/STACK) and Williston (Bakken) basins.  The operations within our Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment primarily include receiving royalties and lease bonuses for our oil & gas mineral interests. Our Coal Royalties reportable segment includes coal mineral reserves and resources owned or leased by Alliance Resource Properties, which are either (a) leased to our mining complexes or (b) near our coal mining operations but not yet leased.

The Illinois Basin Coal Operations reportable segment includes operating mining complexes (a) the Gibson County Coal, LLC mining complex, (b) the Warrior Coal, LLC mining complex, (c) the River View Coal, LLC mining complex and (d) the Hamilton County Coal, LLC mining complex. The segment also includes our Mt. Vernon Transfer Terminal, LLC coal-loading terminal in Indiana which operates on the Ohio River, Mid-America Carbonates, LLC and other support services, and our non-operating Illinois Basin mining complexes.    

The Appalachia Coal Operations reportable segment includes operating mining complexes (a) the Mettiki mining complex, (b) the Tunnel Ridge, LLC mining complex and (c) the MC Mining, LLC mining complex. The Mettiki mining complex includes Mettiki Coal (WV), LLC's Mountain View mine and Mettiki Coal, LLC's preparation plant.  

The Oil & Gas Royalties reportable segment includes oil & gas mineral interests held by AR Midland, LP ("AR Midland") and AllDale I & II and includes Alliance Minerals' equity interests in both AllDale III (Note 9 – Investments) and Cavalier Minerals.

The Coal Royalties reportable segment includes coal mineral reserves and resources owned or leased by Alliance Resource Properties that are (a) leased to certain of our mining complexes in both the Illinois Basin Coal Operations and

Appalachia Coal Operations reportable segments or (b) located near our operations and external mining operations.  Approximately two thirds of the coal sold by our Coal Operations' mines is leased from our Coal Royalties entities.

Other, Corporate and Elimination includes marketing and administrative activities, Matrix Design Group, LLC, its subsidiaries, and Alliance Design Group, LLC (collectively referred to as the "Matrix Group"), our investments in Francis, Infinitum and NGP ETP IV (see Note 9 – Investments), Wildcat Insurance, LLC, which assists the ARLP Partnership with its insurance requirements, AROP Funding and Alliance Finance (both discussed in Note 6 – Long-Term Debt), Pontiki Coal, LLC's workers' compensation and pneumoconiosis liabilities and other miscellaneous activities.  The eliminations included in Other, Corporate and Elimination primarily represent the intercompany coal royalty transactions described above between our Coal Royalties reportable segment and our coal operations' mines.

Reportable segment results are presented below.

	Coal Operations				Royalties				Other,
	Illinois								Corporate and
	Basin		Appalachia		Oil & Gas		Coal		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues - Outside	$	313,497	$	255,682	$	36,579	$	—	$	10,743	$	616,501
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		14,525		(14,525)		—
Total revenues (1)		313,497		255,682		36,579		14,525		(3,782)		616,501
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		194,697		117,369		3,234		5,398		(4,624)		316,074
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		97,352		124,377		34,609		9,127		839		266,304
Capital expenditures		35,343		22,491		—		—		4,995		62,829
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues - Outside	$	218,233	$	120,723	$	17,587	$	—	$	5,900	$	362,443
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		11,653		(11,653)		—
Total revenues (1)		218,233		120,723		17,587		11,653		(5,753)		362,443
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		140,176		74,456		2,419		4,871		(7,418)		214,504
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		70,623		41,641		15,379		6,782		1,667		136,092
Capital expenditures		12,515		10,382		—		—		1,292		24,189
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues - Outside	$	588,193	$	400,981	$	67,540	$	—	$	20,650	$	1,077,364
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		29,692		(29,692)		—
Total revenues (1)		588,193		400,981		67,540		29,692		(9,042)		1,077,364
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		372,286		201,084		6,235		10,217		(12,568)		577,254
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		175,567		175,480		63,161		19,475		3,525		437,208
Total assets		748,291		457,724		667,278		288,509		171,389		2,333,191
Capital expenditures		71,890		40,836		—		—		9,256		121,982
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues - Outside	$	409,167	$	229,342	$	31,607	$	—	$	10,949	$	681,065
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		22,954		(22,954)		—
Total revenues (1)		409,167		229,342		31,607		22,954		(12,005)		681,065
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		265,757		148,182		4,477		8,899		(15,094)		412,221
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		128,296		73,147		27,325		14,055		3,090		245,913
Total assets		726,555		425,574		604,355		292,134		66,895		2,115,513
Capital expenditures		28,916		22,048		—		—		4,662		55,626

(1) Revenues included in the Other, Corporate and Elimination column are attributable to intercompany eliminations, which are primarily intercompany coal royalty eliminations, outside revenues at the Matrix Group and other outside miscellaneous sales and revenue activities.

(2) Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense includes operating expenses, coal purchases and other income. Transportation expenses are excluded as transportation revenues are recognized in an amount equal to transportation expenses when title passes to the customer.  

The following is a reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense to Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	$	316,074	$	214,504	$	577,254	$	412,221
Outside coal purchases		(151)		(114)		(151)		(114)
Other income (expense)		579		(1,351)		1,145		(2,548)
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	$	316,502	$	213,039	$	578,248	$	409,559

(3) Segment Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income attributable to ARLP before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization, and general and administrative expenses.  Management therefore is able to focus solely on the evaluation of segment operating profitability as it relates to our revenues and operating expenses, which are primarily controlled by our segments.  Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA is reconciled to net income as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	266,304	$	136,092	$	437,208	$	245,913
General and administrative		(22,457)		(17,492)		(41,053)		(32,996)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		(66,734)		(64,733)		(130,048)		(123,935)
Interest expense, net		(9,304)		(9,827)		(18,931)		(20,206)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(6,331)		(5)		(49,046)		7
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Noncontrolling interest		323		130		613		208
Net income	$	161,801	$	44,165	$	198,743	$	68,991

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ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

Consolidation

Significant Relationships Referenced in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

● References to "we," "us," "our" or "ARLP Partnership" mean the business and operations of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., the parent company, as well as its consolidated subsidiaries.

● References to "ARLP" mean Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., individually as the parent company, and not on a consolidated basis.

● References to "MGP" mean Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, ARLP's general partner.  

● References to "Mr. Craft" mean Joseph W. Craft III, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP.

● References to "Intermediate Partnership" mean Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P., the intermediate partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.

● References to "Alliance Coal" mean Alliance Coal, LLC, the holding company for our coal mining operations.

● References to "Alliance Minerals" mean Alliance Minerals, LLC, the holding company for our oil and gas mineral interests.

● References to "Alliance Resource Properties" mean Alliance Resource Properties, LLC, the land holding company for certain of our coal mineral interests, including the subsidiaries of Alliance Resource Properties, LLC.

Organization

ARLP is a Delaware limited partnership listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol "ARLP."  ARLP was formed in May 1999 and completed its initial public offering on August 19, 1999 when it acquired substantially all of the coal production and marketing assets of Alliance Resource Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.  We are managed by our general partner, MGP, a Delaware limited liability company which holds a non-economic general partner interest in ARLP.  

Change in Tax Status

Change in Tax Status

On March 15, 2022, Alliance Minerals changed its federal income tax status from a pass-through entity to a taxable entity via a "check the box" election (the "Tax Election"), which became effective January 1, 2022. This election for Alliance Minerals is anticipated to reduce the total income tax burden on our oil & gas royalties, as Alliance Minerals will pay entity-level taxes at corporate tax rates that are well below individual tax rates that would otherwise be paid by our unitholders. For more information on the Tax Election please see Note 7 – Income Taxes.

Investment

Francis Investment

On April 5, 2022, we committed to invest up to $50 million in Francis Renewable Energy, LLC ("Francis") through the purchase of preferred equity interests.  Francis currently is active in the installation, management and operation of metered-for-fee, public-access electric vehicle ("EV") charging stations. Francis also develops and constructs EV charging stations for third-party customers.  Our investment in Francis furthers our business strategy to develop strategic relationships and invest in attractive opportunities in the fast-growing energy infrastructure transition.  For more information on this investment please see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities.

Infinitum Investment

On April 29, 2022, we purchased $32.6 million of Series D Preferred Stock from Infinitum Electric, Inc. ("Infinitum"), a Texas-based startup developer and manufacturer of electric motors featuring printed circuit board stators which have the potential to result in motors that are smaller, lighter, quieter, more efficient and capable of operating at a fraction of the carbon footprint of conventional electric motors.  The preferred stock provides for non-cumulative dividends when and if declared by Infinitum’s board of directors.  Each share is convertible, at any time, at our option, into shares of common stock of Infinitum.  Our investment in Infinitum furthers our business strategy to develop strategic relationships and invest in attractive opportunities in the fast-growing energy infrastructure transition.  For more information on this investment please see Note 9 – Investments.

NGP ETP IV Investment

On June 2, 2022, we committed to purchase $25.0 million of limited partner interests in NGP ETP IV, L.P. ("NGP ETP IV"), a private equity fund sponsored by NGP Energy Capital Management, LLC ("NGP").   NGP ETP IV focuses on investments that are part of the global transition toward a lower carbon economy by partnering with top tier management teams and investing growth equity in companies that drive or enable the growth of renewable energy, the electrification of our economy or the efficient use of energy. For more information on this investment please see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities.

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the ARLP Partnership and present our financial position as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the results of our operations and comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.  All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim reporting and do not include all the information normally included with financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") of the United States.  These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, these condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented.  Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the ARLP Partnership's condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

We are not a taxable entity for federal or state income tax purposes; the tax effect of our activities accrues to our unitholders. Although publicly traded partnerships as a general rule are taxed as corporations, we qualify for an exemption because at least 90% of our income consists of qualifying income, as defined in Section 7704(c) of the Internal Revenue Code.  Net income for financial statement purposes may differ significantly from taxable income reportable to unitholders as a result of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities and the taxable income allocation requirements under our partnership agreement. Individual unitholders have different investment bases depending upon the timing and price of acquisition of their partnership units. Furthermore, each unitholder's tax accounting, which is partially dependent upon the unitholder's tax position, differs from the accounting followed in our consolidated financial statements.  Accordingly, the aggregate difference in the basis of our net assets for financial and tax reporting purposes cannot be readily determined because information regarding each unitholder's tax attributes in our partnership is not available to us.

Our subsidiary Alliance Minerals within our Oil & Gas Royalties segment and certain other subsidiaries within our Other, Corporate and Elimination category are subject to federal and state income taxes.  We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of (i) temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities and (ii) operating losses and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are based on enacted rates applicable to the future period when those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect of a change in tax status or a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period the change in status is elected or rate change is enacted.  A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

In November 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance ("ASU 2021-10").  ASU 2021-10 increases the transparency of government assistance including the disclosure of (1) the types of assistance, (2) an entity’s accounting for the assistance, and (3) the effect of the assistance on an entity’s financial statements.  We adopted ASU 2021-10 on January 1, 2022.  The adoption of ASU 2021-10 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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INVENTORIES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

INVENTORIES

Schedule of inventories

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Coal	$	63,933	$	24,845
Supplies (net of reserve for obsolescence of $5,620 and $5,554, respectively)		45,743		35,457
Total inventories, net	$	109,676	$	60,302

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Summary of fair value measurements within the hierarchy

	June 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Long-term debt	$	—	$	428,645	$	—	$	—	$	457,758	$	—
Total	$	—	$	428,645	$	—	$	—	$	457,758	$	—

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LONG-TERM DEBT (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

LONG-TERM DEBT

Schedule of long-term debt

					Unamortized Discount and
	Principal				Debt Issuance Costs
	June 30,		December 31,		June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Revolving credit facility	$	—	$	—	$	(3,861)	$	(5,019)
Senior notes		400,000		400,000		(2,592)		(3,048)
Securitization facility		—		—		—		—
May 2019 equipment financing		—		1,503		—		—
November 2019 equipment financing		26,587		31,972		—		—
June 2020 equipment financing		7,799		9,605		—		—
		434,386		443,080		(6,453)		(8,067)
Less current maturities		(14,942)		(16,071)		—		—
Total long-term debt	$	419,444	$	427,009	$	(6,453)	$	(8,067)

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INCOME TAXES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

INCOME TAXES

Components of income tax expense (benefit)

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Current:
Federal	$	6,175	$	—	$	11,209	$	(1)
State		445		—		831		—
		6,620		—		12,040		(1)
Deferred:
Federal		(255)		5		34,665		(6)
State		(34)		—		2,341		—
		(289)		5		37,006		(6)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	6,331	$	5	$	49,046	$	(7)

Reconciliation from provision for income taxes at U.S. federal statutory rate to effective tax rate

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Income taxes at statutory rate	$	30,738	$	9,276	$	47,466	$	14,487
Less: Income taxes at statutory rate on Partnership income not subject to income taxes		(25,018)		(9,141)		(37,105)		(14,174)
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
State taxes, net of federal income tax		457		34		818		72
Change in valuation allowance of deferred tax assets		11		(142)		1		(305)
Deferred taxes related to tax election		—		—		37,253		—
Other		143		(22)		613		(87)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	6,331	$	5	$	49,046	$	(7)

Components of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets

	June 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment	$	(38,710)	$	(2,169)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(38,710)		(2,169)
Deferred tax assets:
Federal loss carryovers and credits		933		1,328
Other		764		808
Total deferred tax assets		1,697		2,136
Less valuation allowance		(318)		(317)
Net deferred tax assets		1,379		1,819
Overall net deferred tax liabilities	$	(37,331)	$	(350)

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Schedule of distributions

	Alliance		Bluegrass
	Minerals		Minerals
	(in thousands)
Contributions	$	143,112	$	5,963
Distributions		124,945		5,205

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INVESTMENTS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

All Dale Minerals III

INVESTMENTS

Schedule of changes in equity method investments

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	26,194	$	26,907	$	26,325	$	27,268
Equity method investment income		1,585		341		2,468		403
Distributions received		(1,501)		(974)		(2,515)		(1,397)
Ending balance	$	26,278	$	26,274	$	26,278	$	26,274

Francis Renewable Energy

INVESTMENTS

Schedule of changes in equity method investments

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	—
Contributions		20,000
Ending balance	$	20,000

NGP ETP

INVESTMENTS

Schedule of changes in equity method investments

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2022
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	—
Contributions		110
Ending balance	$	110

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PARTNERS' CAPITAL (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

PARTNERS' CAPITAL

Summary of quarterly per unit distribution paid

Payment Date	Per Unit Cash Distribution		Total Cash Distribution
			(in thousands)
May 14, 2021	$	0.1000	$	13,045
August 13, 2021		0.1000		13,041
November 12, 2021		0.2000		26,072
Total	$	0.4000	$	52,158
February 14, 2022	$	0.2500	$	32,750
May 13, 2022		0.3500		45,810
August 12, 2022 (1)		0.4000		—
Total	$	1.0000	$	78,560

(1) On July 26, 2022, we declared this quarterly distribution payable on August 12, 2022 to all unitholders of record as of August 5, 2022.  

Summary of changes to Partners' Capital

				Accumulated
	Number of	Limited		Other
	Limited Partner	Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Units	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands, except unit data)
Balance at January 1, 2022	127,195,219	$	1,279,183	$	(64,229)	$	11,115	$	1,226,069
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		36,652		—		290		36,942
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		790		—		790
Total comprehensive income									37,732
Common unit-based compensation	—		2,640		—		—		2,640
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(950)		—		—		(950)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(298)		(298)
Distributions to Partners	—		(31,800)		—		—		(31,800)
Balance at March 31, 2022	127,195,219		1,285,725		(63,439)		11,107		1,233,393
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		161,478		—		323		161,801
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		794		—		794
Total comprehensive income									162,595
Common unit-based compensation	—		2,340		—		—		2,340
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(1,292)		—		—		(1,292)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(325)		(325)
Distributions to Partners	—		(44,518)		—		—		(44,518)
Balance at June 30, 2022	127,195,219	$	1,403,733	$	(62,645)	$	11,105	$	1,352,193

				Accumulated
	Number of	Limited		Other
	Limited Partner	Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Units	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands, except unit data)
Balance at January 1, 2021	127,195,219	$	1,148,565	$	(87,674)	$	11,376	$	1,072,267
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		24,748		—		78		24,826
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		2,231		—		2,231
Total comprehensive income									27,057
Common unit-based compensation	—		723		—		—		723
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(141)		(141)
Balance at March 31, 2021	127,195,219		1,174,036		(85,443)		11,313		1,099,906
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—		44,035		—		130		44,165
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	—		—		2,231		—		2,231
Total comprehensive loss									46,396
Common unit-based compensation	—		1,485		—		—		1,485
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	—		(324)		—		—		(324)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		(222)		(222)
Distributions to Partners	—		(12,721)		—		—		(12,721)
Balance at June 30, 2021	127,195,219	$	1,206,511	$	(83,212)	$	11,221	$	1,134,520

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Schedule of disaggregation of revenues by type

	Coal Operations				Royalties				Other,
	Illinois								Corporate and
	Basin		Appalachia		Oil & Gas		Coal		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Coal sales	$	290,389	$	241,418	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	531,807
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		35,927		—		—		35,927
Coal royalties		—		—		—		14,525		(14,525)		—
Transportation revenues		21,449		13,936		—		—		—		35,385
Other revenues		1,659		328		652		—		10,743		13,382
Total revenues	$	313,497	$	255,682	$	36,579	$	14,525	$	(3,782)	$	616,501
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Coal sales	$	210,157	$	115,817	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	325,974
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		17,114		—		—		17,114
Coal royalties		—		—		—		11,653		(11,653)		—
Transportation revenues		7,434		4,624		—		—		—		12,058
Other revenues		642		282		473		—		5,900		7,297
Total revenues	$	218,233	$	120,723	$	17,587	$	11,653	$	(5,753)	$	362,443
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Coal sales	$	544,294	$	375,873	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	920,167
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		66,854		—		—		66,854
Coal royalties		—		—		—		29,692		(29,692)		—
Transportation revenues		40,340		24,417		—		—		—		64,757
Other revenues		3,559		691		686		—		20,650		25,586
Total revenues	$	588,193	$	400,981	$	67,540	$	29,692	$	(9,042)	$	1,077,364
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Coal sales	$	392,798	$	220,663	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	613,461
Oil & gas royalties		—		—		31,113		—		—		31,113
Coal royalties		—		—		—		22,954		(22,954)		—
Transportation revenues		15,114		8,012		—		—		—		23,126
Other revenues		1,255		667		494		—		10,949		13,365
Total revenues	$	409,167	$	229,342	$	31,607	$	22,954	$	(12,005)	$	681,065

Schedule of current coal supply contracts allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied

							2025 and
	2022		2023		2024		Thereafter		Total
	(in thousands)
Illinois Basin Coal Operations coal revenues	$	650,837	$	729,307	$	361,381	$	290,746	$	2,032,271
Appalachia Coal Operations coal revenues		381,828		335,595		236,536		40,701		994,660
Total coal revenues (1)	$	1,032,665	$	1,064,902	$	597,917	$	331,447	$	3,026,931

(1) Coal revenues generally consists of consolidated revenues excluding our Oil & Gas Royalties segment as well as intercompany revenues from our Coal Royalties segment.

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EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT

Reconciliation of net income and EPU calculations

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands, except per unit data)
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Less:
Distributions to participating securities		(1,720)		(401)		(3,272)		(619)
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities		(3,645)		(825)		(3,245)		(934)
Net income attributable to ARLP available to limited partners	$	156,113	$	42,809	$	191,613	$	67,230
Weighted-average limited partner units outstanding – basic and diluted		127,195		127,195		127,195		127,195
Earnings per limited partner unit - basic and diluted (1)	$	1.23	$	0.34	$	1.51	$	0.53

(1) Diluted EPU gives effect to all potentially dilutive common units outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Diluted EPU excludes all potentially dilutive units calculated under the treasury stock method if their effect is anti-dilutive.  The combined total of LTIP, SERP and Directors' Deferred Compensation Plan units of 3,529 and 3,289 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, and 1,525 and 1,397 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, were considered anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method.

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WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Black lung benefits:

Reconciliation of changes in workers' compensation liability

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	53,206	$	54,233	$	53,448	$	54,739
Accruals increase		2,271		1,565		4,546		3,237
Payments		(3,278)		(2,565)		(6,082)		(4,975)
Interest accretion		287		231		574		463
Valuation gain (1)		(5,265)		(1,405)		(5,265)		(1,405)
Ending balance	$	47,221	$	52,059	$	47,221	$	52,059

(1) Our estimate of the liability for the present value of current workers′ compensation benefits is based on our actuarial calculations.  Our actuarial calculations are based on a blend of actuarial projection methods and numerous

assumptions including claims development patterns, mortality, medical costs and interest rates.  The valuation gain in 2022 is due to an increase in the discount rate from 2.41% on December 31, 2021 to 4.22% on June 30, 2022.  The valuation gain in 2021 is due to an increase in the discount rate from 1.95% on December 31, 2020 to 2.34% on June 30, 2021.

Pneumoconiosis benefits

Black lung benefits:

Components of net periodic benefit cost

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	954	$	989	$	1,901	$	2,020
Interest cost (1)		749		637		1,496		1,273
Net amortization (1)		259		1,043		519		2,086
Net periodic benefit cost	$	1,962	$	2,669	$	3,916	$	5,379

(1) Interest cost and net amortization are included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.

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COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

Summary of non-vested share activity

	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)
Non-vested grants at January 1, 2022	3,130,475	$	5.59	$	39,569
Granted (1)	687,719		13.34
Forfeited	(165,224)		6.72
Non-vested grants at June 30, 2022	3,652,970		7.00		66,594

(1) The restricted units granted during 2022 have minimum-value guarantees of either $9.62 or $6.41 per unit, regardless of whether or not the awards vest.

SERP and Deferred Compensation Plans

COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

Summary of activity in share-based plans

	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)
Phantom units outstanding as of January 1, 2022	668,698	$	20.37	$	8,452
Granted	25,359		15.80
Phantom units outstanding as of June 30, 2022	694,057		20.20		12,653

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COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Defined benefit pension plan

Employee Benefit Plans

Components of net periodic benefit cost

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Interest cost	$	936	$	860	$	1,868	$	1,720
Expected return on plan assets		(1,664)		(1,671)		(3,329)		(3,342)
Amortization of prior service cost		46		46		93		93
Amortization of net loss		489		1,142		972		2,283
Net periodic benefit cost (1)	$	(193)	$	377	$	(396)	$	754

(1) Net periodic benefit cost for the Pension Plan is included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income.

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SEGMENT INFORMATION (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

SEGMENT INFORMATION

Schedule of reportable segment results

	Coal Operations				Royalties				Other,
	Illinois								Corporate and
	Basin		Appalachia		Oil & Gas		Coal		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues - Outside	$	313,497	$	255,682	$	36,579	$	—	$	10,743	$	616,501
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		14,525		(14,525)		—
Total revenues (1)		313,497		255,682		36,579		14,525		(3,782)		616,501
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		194,697		117,369		3,234		5,398		(4,624)		316,074
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		97,352		124,377		34,609		9,127		839		266,304
Capital expenditures		35,343		22,491		—		—		4,995		62,829
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues - Outside	$	218,233	$	120,723	$	17,587	$	—	$	5,900	$	362,443
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		11,653		(11,653)		—
Total revenues (1)		218,233		120,723		17,587		11,653		(5,753)		362,443
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		140,176		74,456		2,419		4,871		(7,418)		214,504
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		70,623		41,641		15,379		6,782		1,667		136,092
Capital expenditures		12,515		10,382		—		—		1,292		24,189
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Revenues - Outside	$	588,193	$	400,981	$	67,540	$	—	$	20,650	$	1,077,364
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		29,692		(29,692)		—
Total revenues (1)		588,193		400,981		67,540		29,692		(9,042)		1,077,364
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		372,286		201,084		6,235		10,217		(12,568)		577,254
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		175,567		175,480		63,161		19,475		3,525		437,208
Total assets		748,291		457,724		667,278		288,509		171,389		2,333,191
Capital expenditures		71,890		40,836		—		—		9,256		121,982
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Revenues - Outside	$	409,167	$	229,342	$	31,607	$	—	$	10,949	$	681,065
Revenues - Intercompany		—		—		—		22,954		(22,954)		—
Total revenues (1)		409,167		229,342		31,607		22,954		(12,005)		681,065
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense (2)		265,757		148,182		4,477		8,899		(15,094)		412,221
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (3)		128,296		73,147		27,325		14,055		3,090		245,913
Total assets		726,555		425,574		604,355		292,134		66,895		2,115,513
Capital expenditures		28,916		22,048		—		—		4,662		55,626

(1) Revenues included in the Other, Corporate and Elimination column are attributable to intercompany eliminations, which are primarily intercompany coal royalty eliminations, outside revenues at the Matrix Group and other outside miscellaneous sales and revenue activities.

(2) Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense includes operating expenses, coal purchases and other income. Transportation expenses are excluded as transportation revenues are recognized in an amount equal to transportation expenses when title passes to the customer.  

Reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense to operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	$	316,074	$	214,504	$	577,254	$	412,221
Outside coal purchases		(151)		(114)		(151)		(114)
Other income (expense)		579		(1,351)		1,145		(2,548)
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	$	316,502	$	213,039	$	578,248	$	409,559

Reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA to net income

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(in thousands)
Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	266,304	$	136,092	$	437,208	$	245,913
General and administrative		(22,457)		(17,492)		(41,053)		(32,996)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		(66,734)		(64,733)		(130,048)		(123,935)
Interest expense, net		(9,304)		(9,827)		(18,931)		(20,206)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(6,331)		(5)		(49,046)		7
Net income attributable to ARLP	$	161,478	$	44,035	$	198,130	$	68,783
Noncontrolling interest		323		130		613		208
Net income	$	161,801	$	44,165	$	198,743	$	68,991

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ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 02, 2022	Apr. 29, 2022	Apr. 05, 2022
Ownership interests
Equity investment without readily determinable fair value	$ 32,639
Francis Renewable Energy
Ownership interests
Funding commitment				$ 50,000
Infinitum Electric
Ownership interests
Equity investment without readily determinable fair value			$ 32,600
NGP ETP
Ownership interests
Funding commitment		$ 25,000

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INVENTORIES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
INVENTORIES
Coal	$ 63,933	$ 24,845
Supplies (net of reserve for obsolescence of $5,571 and $5,554, respectively)	45,743	35,457
Total inventories, net	109,676	60,302
Reserve for obsolescence	$ 5,620	$ 5,554

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Details) - Estimated fair value - Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Long-term debt	$ 428,645	$ 457,758
Total	$ 428,645	$ 457,758

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LONG-TERM DEBT - Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Principal
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt	$ 434,386	$ 443,080
Less current maturities	(14,942)	(16,071)
Total long-term debt	419,444	427,009
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Costs
Unamortized debt issuance costs including current and non-current	(6,453)	(8,067)
Total unamortized debt issuance costs	(6,453)	(8,067)
Revolving credit facility
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Costs
Unamortized debt issuance costs including current and non-current	(3,861)	(5,019)
Senior notes due 2025
Principal
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt	400,000	400,000
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Costs
Unamortized debt issuance costs including current and non-current	(2,592)	(3,048)
May 2019 equipment financing
Principal
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt		1,503
November 2019 equipment financing
Principal
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt	26,587	31,972
June 2020 equipment financing
Principal
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt	$ 7,799	$ 9,605

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LONG-TERM DEBT - Credit Facility (Details) $ in Millions		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 09, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Credit Agreement
Long-Term Debt
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 459.5
ARLP debt arrangements requirements, fixed charge coverage ratio	1.0
ARLP debt arrangements requirements, debt to cash flow ratio	2.5
ARLP debt arrangements requirements, cash flow to interest expense ratio	3.0
Actual debt to cash flow ratio for trailing twelve months		0.74
Actual cash flow to interest expense ratio for trailing twelve months		15.52
ARLP debt arrangements requirements, period over which the ratios are required to be maintained	12 months
Credit Agreement | Credit Agreement, first lien
Long-Term Debt
ARLP debt arrangements requirements, debt to cash flow ratio	1.5
Actual debt to cash flow ratio for trailing twelve months		0.07
Revolving credit facility
Long-Term Debt
Debt available for borrowing		$ 415.4
Annual commitment fee percentage, undrawn portion		0.35%
Revolving credit facility | Eurodollar Rate
Long-Term Debt
Effective interest rate (as a percent)		4.14%
Letters of credit subfacility
Long-Term Debt
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 125.0
Letters of credit outstanding		$ 44.1
Swingline subfacility
Long-Term Debt
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 15.0

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LONG-TERM DEBT - 2025 Senior Notes (Details) - Senior notes due 2025 $ in Millions	Apr. 24, 2017 USD ($)
Issuance of Senior Notes
Principal amount	$ 400.0
Term	8 years
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.50%

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LONG-TERM DEBT - Securitization Facility (Details) - Securitization Facility - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Jan. 31, 2021	Dec. 05, 2014
Long-Term Debt
Maximum borrowing capacity		$ 60.0	$ 100.0
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 9.2
Debt available for borrowing	50.8
Facility outstanding amount	$ 0.0

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LONG-TERM DEBT - Equipment financing and other (Details) $ in Millions	Jun. 05, 2020 USD ($)	Nov. 06, 2019 USD ($) payment	May 17, 2019 USD ($)
May 2019 Equipment Financing
Long-Term Debt
Principal amount			$ 10.0
Term			36 months
Effective interest rate (as a percent)			6.25%
November 2019 Equipment Financing
Long-Term Debt
Principal amount		$ 53.1
Term		4 years
Effective interest rate (as a percent)		4.75%
Number of monthly payments | payment		47
Periodic Payment		$ 1.0
Balloon payment on maturity		$ 11.6
June 2020 equipment financing
Long-Term Debt
Principal amount	$ 14.7
Term	48 months
Effective interest rate (as a percent)	6.10%

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INCOME TAXES - Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Current:
Federal	$ 6,175		$ 11,209	$ (1)
State	445		831
Total current income tax expense (benefit)	6,620		12,040	(1)
Deferred:
Federal	(255)	$ 5	34,665	(6)
State	(34)		2,341
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(289)	5	37,006	(6)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 6,331	$ 5	$ 49,046	$ (7)

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INCOME TAXES - Tax election (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2021
Taxes
Deferred tax liability	$ 37,331		$ 37,331			$ 350
Income tax expense	$ 6,331	$ 5	$ 49,046	$ (7)
Earnings per limited partner unit - basic (in dollars per unit)	$ 1.23	$ 0.34	$ 1.51	$ 0.53
Earnings per limited partner unit - diluted (in dollars per unit)	$ 1.23	$ 0.34	$ 1.51	$ 0.53
AllDale I and II
Taxes
Non - cash acquisition gain recognized					$ 177,000
Change in tax accounting
Taxes
Deferred tax liability	$ 37,300		$ 37,300
Income tax expense			$ 37,300
Earnings per limited partner unit - basic (in dollars per unit)			$ (0.29)
Earnings per limited partner unit - diluted (in dollars per unit)			$ (0.29)

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INCOME TAXES - Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Taxes
Income taxes at statutory rate	$ 30,738	$ 9,276	$ 47,466	$ 14,487
Less: Income taxes at statutory rate on Partnership income not subject to income taxes	(25,018)	(9,141)	(37,105)	(14,174)
Increase/(decrease) resulting from:
State taxes, net of federal income tax	457	34	818	72
Change in valuation allowance of deferred tax assets	11	(142)	1	(305)
Other	143	(22)	613	(87)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 6,331	$ 5	49,046	$ (7)
Change in tax accounting
Increase/(decrease) resulting from:
Deferred taxes related to tax election			37,253
Income tax expense (benefit)			$ 37,300

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INCOME TAXES - Deferred tax (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment	$ (38,710)	$ (2,169)
Deferred tax liabilities	(38,710)	(2,169)
Deferred tax assets:
Federal loss carryovers and credits	933	1,328
Other	764	808
Total deferred tax assets	1,697	2,136
Less valuation allowance	(318)	(317)
Net deferred tax assets	1,379	1,819
Overall net deferred tax liabilities	$ (37,331)	$ (350)

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES - Cavalier (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands						6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	May 13, 2022	Feb. 14, 2022	Nov. 12, 2021	Aug. 13, 2021	May 14, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Variable Interest Entities
Distributions paid to Partners	$ 45,810	$ 32,750	$ 26,072	$ 13,041	$ 13,045	$ 78,560	$ 13,045	$ 52,158
Cavalier Minerals | Alliance Minerals
Variable Interest Entities
Contributions						143,112
Distributions paid to Partners						124,945
Cavalier Minerals | Bluegrass Minerals
Variable Interest Entities
Contributions						5,963
Distributions paid to Partners						$ 5,205
Cavalier Minerals | Bluegrass Minerals
Variable Interest Entities
Incentive distribution of available cash (as a percent)						25.00%
Cavalier Minerals
Variable Interest Entities
Ownership interest in VIE (as a percent)						96.00%
Cavalier Minerals | Bluegrass Minerals
Variable Interest Entities
Noncontrolling ownership interest (as a percent)						4.00%

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES - All Dale III (Detail) - All Dale Minerals III - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Feb. 28, 2017
Investments
Other Commitment		$ 30.0
Distribution after hurdles (as a percent)	25.00%
Specified internal rate of return (as a percent)	10.00%
Percentage of available cash distributed	125.00%
All Dale Minerals III
Investments
Ownership percentage by limited partners	13.90%

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES - Investments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands			3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 21, 2022	Apr. 05, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 02, 2022
Investments
Purchase of equity method investment				$ 20,110
Francis Renewable Energy
Investments
Funding commitment		$ 50,000
Purchase of equity method investment		$ 20,000	$ 20,000
Francis Renewable Energy | Francis Renewable Energy
Investments
Ownership interest in VIE (as a percent)		15.40%
NGP ETP
Investments
Funding commitment					$ 25,000
Purchase of equity method investment	$ 100		$ 110

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INVESTMENTS (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands				3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 21, 2022	Apr. 29, 2022	Apr. 05, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Investments
Beginning balance						$ 26,325
Contributions						20,110
Equity method investment income				$ 1,585	$ 341	2,468	$ 403
Ending balance				46,388		46,388
Payment to acquire investment						32,639
All Dale Minerals III
Investments
Beginning balance				26,194	26,907	26,325	27,268
Equity method investment income				1,585	341	2,468	403
Distributions received				(1,501)	(974)	(2,515)	(1,397)
Ending balance				26,278	$ 26,274	26,278	$ 26,274
Francis Renewable Energy
Investments
Contributions			$ 20,000	20,000
Ending balance				20,000		20,000
NGP ETP
Investments
Contributions	$ 100			110
Ending balance				$ 110		$ 110
Infinitum Electric
Investments
Payment to acquire investment		$ 32,600

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PARTNERS' CAPITAL - Distributions (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands							6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Aug. 12, 2022	May 13, 2022	Feb. 14, 2022	Nov. 12, 2021	Aug. 13, 2021	May 14, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Quarterly distribution paid (in dollars per unit)	$ 0.4000	$ 0.3500	$ 0.2500	$ 0.2000	$ 0.1000	$ 0.1000	$ 1.0000		$ 0.4000
Total Cash Distribution		$ 45,810	$ 32,750	$ 26,072	$ 13,041	$ 13,045	$ 78,560	$ 13,045	$ 52,158

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PARTNERS' CAPITAL - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	6 Months Ended	50 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	May 31, 2018
Partners' capital
Treasury units retired	$ 0.0
Limited Partners' Capital
Partners' capital
Repurchase and retire authorization			$ 100.0
Treasury units retired		$ 93.5
Number of units retired		5,460,639
Repurchase price (in dollars per unit)		$ 17.12
Remaining authorized amount	$ 6.5	$ 6.5

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PARTNERS' CAPITAL - Change (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Increase (decrease) in Partners' Capital
Balance at beginning of period	$ 1,233,393	$ 1,226,069	$ 1,099,906	$ 1,072,267	$ 1,226,069	$ 1,072,267
Balance at beginning of period (in units)		127,195,219			127,195,219
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	161,801	$ 36,942	44,165	24,826	$ 198,743	68,991
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	794	790	2,231	2,231	1,584	4,462
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	162,595	37,732	46,396	27,057	200,327	73,453
Common unit-based compensation	2,340	2,640	1,485	723
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	(1,292)	(950)	(324)
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	(325)	(298)	(222)	(141)
Distributions to Partners	(44,518)	(31,800)	(12,721)
Balance at end of period	$ 1,352,193	1,233,393	1,134,520	1,099,906	$ 1,352,193	1,134,520
Balance at end of period (in units)	127,195,219				127,195,219
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Increase (decrease) in Partners' Capital
Balance at beginning of period	$ (63,439)	(64,229)	(85,443)	(87,674)	$ (64,229)	(87,674)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Actuarially determined long-term liability adjustments	794	790	2,231	2,231
Balance at end of period	(62,645)	(63,439)	(83,212)	(85,443)	(62,645)	(83,212)
Noncontrolling Interest
Increase (decrease) in Partners' Capital
Balance at beginning of period	11,107	11,115	11,313	11,376	11,115	11,376
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	323	290	130	78
Distributions from consolidated company to noncontrolling interest	(325)	(298)	(222)	(141)
Balance at end of period	11,105	11,107	11,221	11,313	11,105	11,221
Limited Partners' Capital
Increase (decrease) in Partners' Capital
Balance at beginning of period	$ 1,285,725	$ 1,279,183	$ 1,174,036	$ 1,148,565	$ 1,279,183	$ 1,148,565
Balance at beginning of period (in units)	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income	$ 161,478	$ 36,652	$ 44,035	$ 24,748
Common unit-based compensation	2,340	2,640	1,485	723
Distributions on deferred common unit-based compensation	(1,292)	(950)	(324)
Distributions to Partners	(44,518)	(31,800)	(12,721)
Balance at end of period	$ 1,403,733	$ 1,285,725	$ 1,206,511	$ 1,174,036	$ 1,403,733	$ 1,206,511
Balance at end of period (in units)	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Disaggregation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	$ 616,501	$ 362,443	$ 1,077,364	$ 681,065
Illinois Basin
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	313,497	218,233	588,193	409,167
Appalachia
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	255,682	120,723	400,981	229,342
Oil & Gas Royalties
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	36,579	17,587	67,540	31,607
Coal Royalties
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	14,525	11,653	29,692	22,954
Other, Corporate and Elimination
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	(3,782)	(5,753)	(9,042)	(12,005)
Coal sales
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	531,807	325,974	920,167	613,461
Coal sales | Illinois Basin
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	290,389	210,157	544,294	392,798
Coal sales | Appalachia
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	241,418	115,817	375,873	220,663
Oil & gas royalties
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	35,927	17,114	66,854	31,113
Oil & gas royalties | Oil & Gas Royalties
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	35,927	17,114	66,854	31,113
Coal royalties | Coal Royalties
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	14,525	11,653	29,692	22,954
Coal royalties | Other, Corporate and Elimination
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	(14,525)	(11,653)	(29,692)	(22,954)
Transportation
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	35,385	12,058	64,757	23,126
Transportation | Illinois Basin
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	21,449	7,434	40,340	15,114
Transportation | Appalachia
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	13,936	4,624	24,417	8,012
Other revenues
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	13,382	7,297	25,586	13,365
Other revenues | Illinois Basin
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	1,659	642	3,559	1,255
Other revenues | Appalachia
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	328	282	691	667
Other revenues | Oil & Gas Royalties
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	652	473	686	494
Other revenues | Other, Corporate and Elimination
Disaggregation of revenues
Revenues	$ 10,743	$ 5,900	$ 20,650	$ 10,949

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Supply contracts (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 3,026,931
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-07-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 1,032,665
Expected timing of satisfaction period	6 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 1,064,902
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 597,917
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 331,447
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Illinois Basin
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 2,032,271
Illinois Basin | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-07-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 650,837
Expected timing of satisfaction period	6 months
Illinois Basin | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 729,307
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Illinois Basin | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 361,381
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Illinois Basin | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 290,746
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Appalachia
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 994,660
Appalachia | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-07-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 381,828
Expected timing of satisfaction period	6 months
Appalachia | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 335,595
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Appalachia | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 236,536
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year
Appalachia | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Performance obligations unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied
Total	$ 40,701
Expected timing of satisfaction period	1 year

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EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT - Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
EARNINGS PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT
Net income attributable to ARLP	$ 161,478	$ 44,035	$ 198,130	$ 68,783
Distributions to participating securities	(1,720)	(401)	(3,272)	(619)
Undistributed earnings attributable to participating securities	(3,645)	(825)	(3,245)	(934)
Net income attributable to ARLP available to limited partners	$ 156,113	$ 42,809	$ 191,613	$ 67,230
Weighted-average limited partner units outstanding - basic (in units)	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219	127,195,219
Weighted-average limited partner units outstanding - diluted (in units)	127,195,000	127,195,000	127,195,000	127,195,000
Earnings per limited partner unit - basic (in dollars per unit)	$ 1.23	$ 0.34	$ 1.51	$ 0.53
Earnings per limited partner unit - diluted (in dollars per unit)	$ 1.23	$ 0.34	$ 1.51	$ 0.53
Anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method (in units)	3,529,000	1,525,000	3,289,000	1,397,000

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WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS - Liability (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Reconciliation of changes in the workers' compensation liability
Beginning balance	$ 53,206	$ 54,233	$ 53,448	$ 54,739	$ 54,739
Accruals increase	2,271	1,565	4,546	3,237
Payments	(3,278)	(2,565)	(6,082)	(4,975)
Interest accretion	287	231	574	463
Valuation gain	(5,265)	(1,405)	(5,265)	(1,405)
Ending balance	47,221	$ 52,059	$ 47,221	$ 52,059	$ 53,448	$ 54,739
Estimated present value of future obligations and other information
Workers' compensation discount rate			4.22%	2.34%	2.41%	1.95%
Other long-term assets
Estimated present value of future obligations and other information
Receivables for traumatic injury claims	$ 5,700		$ 5,700

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WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS - Periodic Benefit Cost (Details) - Pneumoconiosis benefits - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Black lung benefits:
Service cost	$ 954	$ 989	$ 1,901	$ 2,020
Interest cost	$ 749	$ 637	$ 1,496	$ 1,273
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Interest Cost, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Net amortization	$ 259	$ 1,043	$ 519	$ 2,086
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit (Cost) Credit, Amortization of Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Net periodic benefit cost	$ 1,962	$ 2,669	$ 3,916	$ 5,379

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COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS - LTIP Grants (Details) - ARLP LTIP - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Number of units
Balance at the beginning of the period (in units)	3,130,475
Granted (in units)	687,719
Forfeited (in units)	(165,224)
Balance at the end of the period (in units)	3,652,970
Weighted average grant date fair value per unit
Balance at the beginning of the period (in dollars per unit)	$ 5.59
Granted (in dollars per unit)	13.34
Forfeited (in dollars per unit)	6.72
Balance at the end of the period (in dollars per unit)	$ 7.00
Intrinsic value (in dollars)
Intrinsic value of outstanding grants (in dollars)	$ 66,594	$ 39,569
$9.62 minimum-value guarantee
Other information
Guaranteed minimum (in dollars per unit)	$ 9.62
$6.41 minimum-value guarantee
Other information
Guaranteed minimum (in dollars per unit)	$ 6.41

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COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS - LTIP Other (Details) - ARLP LTIP - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Other information
Unit-based compensation expense	$ 2.1	$ 1.4	$ 4.4	$ 2.1
Total unit-based obligation recorded	11.0		11.0
Unrecognized compensation expense (in dollars)	$ 14.5		$ 14.5
Weighted-average period for recognition of expense			1 year 3 months 18 days

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COMMON UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS - SERP and Directors Comp (Details) - SERP and Deferred Compensation Plans - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Other information
Unit-based compensation expense	$ 300	$ 100	$ 600	$ 200
Total unit-based obligation recorded	$ 14,000		$ 14,000
Phantom Share Units (PSUs)
Number of units
Balance at the beginning of the period (in units)			668,698
Granted (in units)			25,359
Balance at the end of the period (in units)	694,057		694,057
Weighted average grant date fair value per unit
Balance at the beginning of the period (in dollars per unit)			$ 20.37
Granted (in dollars per unit)			15.80
Balance at the end of the period (in dollars per unit)	$ 20.20		$ 20.20
Intrinsic value of outstanding grants (in dollars)	$ 12,653		$ 12,653		$ 8,452

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COMPONENTS OF PENSION PLAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS (Details) - Defined benefit pension plan - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Interest cost	$ 936	$ 860	$ 1,868	$ 1,720
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Interest Cost, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Expected return on plan assets	$ (1,664)	$ (1,671)	$ (3,329)	$ (3,342)
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit (Cost) Credit, Expected Return (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Amortization of prior service cost	$ 46	$ 46	$ 93	$ 93
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Amortization of Prior Service Cost (Credit), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Amortization of net loss	$ 489	$ 1,142	$ 972	$ 2,283
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit (Cost) Credit, Amortization of Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)	Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Net periodic benefit cost	$ (193)	$ 377	$ (396)	$ 754

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SEGMENT INFORMATION - General (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 segment
SEGMENT INFORMATION
Number of reportable segments	4
Number Of Coal Reportable Segments	2
Number Of Mining Complex	7

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SEGMENT INFORMATION - Segment Results (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Reportable segment results
Revenues	$ 616,501	$ 362,443	$ 1,077,364	$ 681,065
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	316,074	214,504	577,254	412,221
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	266,304	136,092	437,208	245,913
Total assets	2,333,191	2,115,513	2,333,191	2,115,513	$ 2,159,406
Capital expenditures	62,829	24,189	121,982	55,626
Illinois Basin
Reportable segment results
Revenues	313,497	218,233	588,193	409,167
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	194,697	140,176	372,286	265,757
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	97,352	70,623	175,567	128,296
Total assets	748,291	726,555	748,291	726,555
Capital expenditures	35,343	12,515	71,890	28,916
Appalachia
Reportable segment results
Revenues	255,682	120,723	400,981	229,342
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	117,369	74,456	201,084	148,182
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	124,377	41,641	175,480	73,147
Total assets	457,724	425,574	457,724	425,574
Capital expenditures	22,491	10,382	40,836	22,048
Oil & Gas Royalties
Reportable segment results
Revenues	36,579	17,587	67,540	31,607
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	3,234	2,419	6,235	4,477
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	34,609	15,379	63,161	27,325
Total assets	667,278	604,355	667,278	604,355
Coal Royalties
Reportable segment results
Revenues	14,525	11,653	29,692	22,954
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	5,398	4,871	10,217	8,899
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	9,127	6,782	19,475	14,055
Total assets	288,509	292,134	288,509	292,134
Other, Corporate and Elimination
Reportable segment results
Revenues	(3,782)	(5,753)	(9,042)	(12,005)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	(4,624)	(7,418)	(12,568)	(15,094)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	839	1,667	3,525	3,090
Total assets	171,389	66,895	171,389	66,895
Capital expenditures	4,995	1,292	9,256	4,662
Operating segments
Reportable segment results
Revenues	616,501	362,443	1,077,364	681,065
Operating segments | Illinois Basin
Reportable segment results
Revenues	313,497	218,233	588,193	409,167
Operating segments | Appalachia
Reportable segment results
Revenues	255,682	120,723	400,981	229,342
Operating segments | Oil & Gas Royalties
Reportable segment results
Revenues	36,579	17,587	67,540	31,607
Operating segments | Other, Corporate and Elimination
Reportable segment results
Revenues	10,743	5,900	20,650	10,949
Elimination | Coal Royalties
Reportable segment results
Revenues	14,525	11,653	29,692	22,954
Elimination | Other, Corporate and Elimination
Reportable segment results
Revenues	$ (14,525)	$ (11,653)	$ (29,692)	$ (22,954)

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SEGMENT INFORMATION - EBITDA Expense Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense
Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense	$ 316,074	$ 214,504	$ 577,254	$ 412,221
Outside coal purchases	(151)	(114)	(151)	(114)
Other income (expense)	579	(1,351)	1,145	(2,548)
Product
Reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA Expense
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)	$ 316,502	$ 213,039	$ 578,248	$ 409,559

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SEGMENT INFORMATION - EBITDA Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Reconciliation of consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA to net income
Consolidated Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$ 266,304		$ 136,092		$ 437,208	$ 245,913
General and administrative	(22,457)		(17,492)		(41,053)	(32,996)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization	(66,734)		(64,733)		(130,048)	(123,935)
Interest expense, net	(9,304)		(9,827)		(18,931)	(20,206)
Income tax (expense) benefit	(6,331)		(5)		(49,046)	7
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO ARLP	161,478		44,035		198,130	68,783
Noncontrolling interest	323		130		613	208
NET INCOME	$ 161,801	$ 36,942	$ 44,165	$ 24,826	$ 198,743	$ 68,991