4. Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows the “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures” topic of the FASB ASC, which establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This standard applies whenever other standards require, or permit, assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value but does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. In this standard, the FASB clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. In support of this principle, this standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 inputs - Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 inputs - Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

Management monitors the availability of observable market data to assess the appropriate classification of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy. Changes in economic conditions or model-based valuation techniques may require the transfer of financial instruments from one fair value level to another. In such instances, the transfer is reported at the beginning of the reporting period.

Management evaluates the significance of transfers between levels based upon the nature of the financial instrument and size of the transfer relative to total assets, total liabilities or total earnings.

Securities classified as AFS are reported at fair value on a recurring basis utilizing Level 1, 2 and 3 inputs. For these securities, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond's terms and conditions, among other things.

The Company does not record all loans & leases at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, a loan or lease is considered impaired and an allowance for credit losses is established. Once a loan or lease is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment in accordance with the “Receivable” topic of the FASB ASC. The fair value of impaired loans or leases is estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value when the loan is collateral dependent, market value of similar debt, enterprise value, and discounted cash flows. Impaired loans & leases not requiring an allowance represent loans & leases for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans & leases. Impaired loans & leases where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral require classification in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of collateral dependent impaired loans is generally based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including sales comparison, cost and the income approach. Adjustments are often made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to take into account differences between the comparable sales and income and other available data. Such adjustments can be significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. The valuation technique used for Level 3 nonrecurring impaired loans is primarily the sales comparison approach less selling costs of 10%.

Other Real Estate (“ORE”) is reported at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Fair values are based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may use a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including sales comparison, cost and the income approach. Adjustments are often made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to take into account differences between the comparable sales and income and other available data. Such adjustments can be significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. The valuation technique used for Level 3 nonrecurring ORE is primarily the sales comparison approach less selling costs of 10%.

At September 30, 2016, formal foreclosure proceedings were in process for $998,000 of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties.

The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value for the periods indicated.

			Fair Value Measurements At September 30, 2016, Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Available-for-Sale Securities:
Government Agency & Government-Sponsored Entities	$	83,293	$	-	$	83,293	$	-
US Treasury Notes		85,681		85,681		-		-
Mortgage Backed Securities		188,873		-		188,873		-
Other		1,010		200		310		500
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis	$	358,857	$	85,881	$	272,476	$	500

			Fair Value Measurements At December 31, 2015, Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Available-for-Sale Securities:
Government Agency & Government-Sponsored Entities	$	33,251	$	-	$	33,251	$	-
US Treasury Notes		72,884		72,884		-		-
Mortgage Backed Securities		262,493		-		262,493		-
Other		509		199		310		-
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis	$	369,137	$	73,083	$	296,054	$	-

			Fair Value Measurements At September 30, 2015, Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Available-for-Sale Securities:
Government Agency & Government-Sponsored Entities	$	41,513	$	-	$	41,513	$	-
US Treasury Notes		30,300		30,300		-		-
Mortgage Backed Securities		256,195		-		256,195		-
Corporate Securities		16,235		-		16,235		-
Other		485		175		310		-
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Recurring Basis	$	344,728	$	30,475	$	314,253	$	-

Fair values for Level 2 available-for-sale investment securities are based on quoted market prices for similar securities. During the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, there were no transfers in or out of level 1, 2, or 3.

Available for sale investment securities categorized as Level 3 assets for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2016 consisted of a $500,000 investment in a limited liability company that purchases SBA loans. There were no gains or losses or transfers in or out of Level 3 during the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2016.

The following tables present information about the Company’s other real estate and impaired loans or leases, classes of assets or liabilities that the Company carries at fair value on a non-recurring basis, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value for the periods indicated. Not all impaired loans or leases are carried at fair value. Impaired loans or leases are only included in the following tables when their fair value is based upon a current appraisal of the collateral, and if that appraisal results in a partial charge-off or the establishment of a specific reserve.

			Fair Value Measurements At September 30, 2016, Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Impaired Loans
Residential 1st Mortgage	$	496	$	-	$	-	$	496
Home Equity Lines and Loans		84		-		-		84
Agricultural		503		-		-		503
Commercial		847		-		-		847
Total Impaired Loans		1,930		-		-		1,930
Other Real Estate
Home Equity Lines and Loans		785		-		-		785
Total Other Real Estate		785		-		-		785
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Non-Recurring Basis	$	2,715	$	-	$	-	$	2,715

			Fair Value Measurements At December 31, 2015, Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Impaired Loans:
Residential 1st Mortgage	$	329	$	-	$	-	$	329
Home Equity Lines and Loans		125		-		-		125
Agricultural		298		-		-		298
Commercial		752		-		-		752
Consumer		5		-		-		5
Total Impaired Loans		1,509		-		-		1,509
Other Real Estate:
Real Estate Construction		2,441		-		-		2,441
Total Other Real Estate		2,441		-		-		2,441
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Non-Recurring Basis	$	3,950	$	-	$	-	$	3,950

			Fair Value Measurements At September 30, 2015, Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Impaired Loans
Residential 1st Mortgage	$	334	$	-	$	-	$	334
Home Equity Lines and Loans		126		-		-		126
Agricultural		308		-		-		308
Commercial		800		-		-		800
Consumer		5		-		-		5
Total Impaired Loans		1,573		-		-		1,573
Other Real Estate
Real Estate Construction		2,441		-		-		2,441
Total Other Real Estate		2,441		-		-		2,441
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value On a Non-Recurring Basis	$	4,014	$	-	$	-	$	4,014

The Company’s property appraisals are primarily based on the sales comparison approach and the income approach methodologies, which consider recent sales of comparable properties, including their income generating characteristics, and then make adjustments to reflect the general assumptions that a market participant would make when analyzing the property for purchase. These adjustments may increase or decrease an appraised value and can vary significantly depending on the location, physical characteristics and income producing potential of each property. Additionally, the quality and volume of market information available at the time of the appraisal can vary from period to period and cause significant changes to the nature and magnitude of comparable sale adjustments. Given these variations, comparable sale adjustments are generally not a reliable indicator for how fair value will increase or decrease from period to period. Under certain circumstances, management discounts are applied based on specific characteristics of an individual property.

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2016:

(in thousands)	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range, Weighted Avg.
Impaired Loans
Residential 1st Mortgage	$	496	Sales Comparison Approach	Adjustment for Difference Between Comparable Sales	0% -5%, 3%
Home Equity Lines and Loans	$	84	Sales Comparison Approach	Adjustment for Difference Between Comparable Sales	1% - 2%, 2%
Agricultural	$	292	Income Approach	Capitalization Rate	16% - 16%, 16%
Agricultural	$	211	Collateral Approach	Collateral Value	10% - 10%, 10%
Commercial	$	847	Income Approach	Capitalization Rate	16% - 16%, 16%

Other Real Estate
Home Equity Lines and Loans	$	785	Sales Comparison Approach	Adjustment for Difference Between Comparable Sales	10% - 10%, 10%