Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies	Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Accounting for Ownership Interests The various interests that Actua acquires in its businesses are accounted for under one of three methods: the consolidation method, the equity method and the cost method. The applicable accounting method is generally determined based on Actua’s voting interest in a company. Consolidation Method Businesses in which: (1) Actua directly or indirectly owns more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities and (2) other stockholders do not possess the right to affect significant management decisions are generally accounted for under the consolidation method of accounting. Participation of other stockholders in the net assets and in the earnings or losses of a consolidated subsidiary is reflected in the line items “Noncontrolling interests” in Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and “Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest” in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Noncontrolling interest adjusts Actua’s consolidated results of operations to reflect only Actua’s share of the earnings or losses of the consolidated subsidiary. Any changes in Actua’s ownership interest in a consolidated subsidiary, whether through additional equity issuances (whether to Actua or otherwise) by the consolidated subsidiary or through Actua acquiring equity interests from existing shareholders, following which Actua maintains control is recognized as an equity transaction, with appropriate adjustments to both Actua’s additional paid-in capital and the corresponding noncontrolling interests. The difference between the carrying amount of Actua’s ownership interest in the company and the underlying net book value of the company after the issuance of stock by the company is reflected as an equity transaction in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity. An increase in Actua’s ownership interest in a business accounted for under the equity or cost method of accounting in which Actua obtains a controlling financial interest is accounted for as a step acquisition, with an allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the net assets acquired. In addition, Actua remeasures its previously held ownership interest in a business that was previously not consolidated at the acquisition date fair value; any gain or loss resulting from such a remeasurement is recognized in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations at the time of the remeasurement. Actua begins to include the financial position and operating results of the newly-consolidated subsidiary in its Consolidated Financial Statements from the date Actua obtains the controlling financial interest in that subsidiary. If control is lost, any retained interest is measured at fair value, and a gain or loss is recognized in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations at that time. In addition, to the extent Actua maintains a smaller equity ownership, the accounting method used for that business is adjusted to the equity or cost method of accounting, as appropriate, for subsequent periods. Equity Method Actua did not own any equity method businesses during 2015 and owned equity method businesses, Acquirgy, Inc. (“Acquirgy”) and CIML, LLC (“CIML”) during 2014. Businesses that are not consolidated, but over which Actua exercises significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and are referred to in Note 7, “Equity and Cost Method Businesses.” The determination as to whether or not Actua exercises significant influence with respect to a company depends on an evaluation of several factors, including, among others, representation on the company’s board of directors and equity ownership level, which is generally between a 20% and a 50% interest in the voting securities of an equity method business, as well as voting rights associated with Actua’s holdings in common stock, preferred stock and other convertible instruments in that company. Actua’s share of the earnings and/or losses of the company, as well as any adjustments resulting from prior period finalizations of equity income/losses, are reflected in the line item “Equity loss” in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Cost Method Businesses not accounted for under either the consolidation method or equity method of accounting are accounted for under the cost method of accounting and are referred to in Note 7, “Equity and Cost Method Businesses.” Actua’s share of the earnings and/or losses of cost method businesses is not included in Actua’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. However, impairment charges related to cost method businesses are recognized in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. If circumstances suggest that the value of a cost method business with respect to which an impairment charge has been made has subsequently recovered, that recovery is not recorded. The carrying values of Actua’s cost method businesses are reflected in the line item “Equity and cost method businesses” in Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Actua initially records its carrying value in businesses accounted for under the cost method at cost, unless the equity securities of a cost method business have readily determinable fair values based on quoted market prices, in which case the interests are valued at fair value and are classified as marketable securities or some other classification in accordance with guidance for ownership interests in debt and equity securities. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The estimates, which include evaluation of Actua’s convertible debt and equity holdings in businesses, asset impairment, revenue recognition, income taxes, and commitments and contingencies are based on management’s best judgments. Management evaluates its estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, such as the current economic environment, that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances and adjusts its estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate that it is necessary or appropriate to do so. It is reasonably possible that Actua’s accounting estimates with respect to the ultimate recoverability of Actua’s ownership interests in convertible debt, equity holdings, goodwill, and the useful lives of intangible assets could change in the near term and that the effect of such changes on Actua’s consolidated financial statements could be material. As of December 31 2015, management believes the recorded amounts of intangible assets and cost method businesses were not impaired. Actua has determined that the goodwill associated to the FolioDynamix reporting unit was partially impaired as of December 31, 2015 and recognized a loss of $39.7 million. Please refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets.” The recorded amounts of goodwill, intangible assets and cost method businesses were not impaired as of December 31, 2014. Cash and Cash Equivalents Actua considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of approximately three months at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were invested principally in money market accounts. Restricted Cash Actua considers cash that is legally restricted and cash that is held as a compensative balance for letter of credit arrangements as restricted cash. Actua had long-term restricted cash of $0.4 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which is included in “Other assets, net” in our consolidated Balance Sheets. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. Actua has made acquisitions over the years that have resulted in the recognition and accumulation of significant goodwill. Actua tests goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently as conditions warrant. The first step of the test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the estimated fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not considered to be impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test must be performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. Actua estimates the fair value of its reporting units using “Level 2” and “Level 3” inputs described in Note 8, “Fair Value Measurement.” Significant judgments and estimates are made to estimate the fair value of Actua's reporting units, such as projected future earnings, applicable discount rates, the selection of peer earnings multiples and the relative weighting of different fair value indicators. Actua determines market multiples from comparable publicly-traded companies and applies those approximate multiples to the revenues of the reporting units, which are then compared to the respective carrying values of the reporting units. Refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” and Note 8, “Fair Value Measurement” for further details, including sensitivity analysis of the fair value calculation related to Actua's December 31, 2015 annual impairment analysis. Intangible Assets Intangible assets with determinable lives primarily consist of customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, technology, non-compete agreements and other intellectual property. The cost of intangible assets with determinable lives is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of economic benefit. Indefinite-lived intangibles are subject to impairment testing at least annually. In addition, intangible assets are tested more frequently if a change in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicates that potential impairment exists. Equity Method Businesses and Cost Method Businesses Actua evaluates its carrying value in equity method businesses, if any, and cost method businesses continuously to determine whether an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of any such business exists and should be recognized. In order to make that determination, Actua considers each such business’ achievement of its business plan objectives and milestones, the fair value of its ownership interest in each such business (which, in the case of any company listed on a public stock exchange, is the quoted stock price of the relevant ownership interest), the financial condition and prospects of each such business, and other relevant factors. The business plan objectives and milestones Actua considers include, among others, those related to financial performance, such as achievement of planned financial results or completion of capital raising activities, and those that are not primarily financial in nature, such as obtaining key business partnerships or the hiring of key employees. Impairment charges are determined by comparing Actua’s carrying value of a business with the business’ estimated fair value. Fair value is determined by using a combination of estimating the cash flows related to the relevant business, including estimated proceeds on disposition, and an analysis of market price multiples of companies engaged in lines of business similar to the business being evaluated. Actua concluded that the carrying values of its cost method businesses were not impaired as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 and also that the carrying value of its equity method business was not impaired as of December 31, 2014. Financial Instruments Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. Marketable securities are carried at fair value. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists primarily of payments received in advance of revenue being earned under the relevant customer agreements. Contract Acquisition Costs Actua expenses commission expense associated to contract acquisitions immediately. Revenue Recognition Actua recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of the service has occurred, no significant obligations with regard to implementation remain, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. The following paragraphs provide more specific details regarding the manner in which each of our businesses recognizes revenue. Bolt Bolt generates revenue from: (1) SaaS software licenses, (2) maintenance and support services, (3) professional service fees, (4) insurance commissions, including contingency bonus revenues from insurance carriers, and (5) subscription fees. Bolt enters into certain multiple deliverable arrangements that relate primarily to its software licenses (which are delivered through a cloud-based model), professional services necessary for the functionality of the software and maintenance and support services. Bolt evaluates each deliverable in a multiple deliverable arrangement to determine whether that deliverable has standalone value. A delivered element has standalone value if the element has value to a customer on a standalone basis (supported by whether Bolt routinely provides these elements independent of other products and/or services, or a third-party vendor could provide a similar service to the customer). Additionally, Bolt considers whether there is a customer-negotiated refund or return right for the delivered element. If these criteria are not met, the deliverable is combined with the undelivered elements and the allocation of the arrangement consideration and revenue recognition are determined for the combined elements and recognized over the applicable contract term. For Bolt’s professional services or other deliverables that are determined to have standalone value, Bolt allocates the total revenue to be earned under the arrangement among the various elements based on a selling price hierarchy using the relative selling price method. The selling price for a deliverable is based on the best estimated selling price (“ESP”), as neither vendor selling objective evidence (“VSOE”) nor third party evidence (“TPE”) is available. VSOE of selling price is based on the normal pricing and discounting practices for those products and services when sold separately. TPE of selling price is determined by evaluating largely similar and interchangeable competitor products or services in standalone sales to similarly situated customers. ESP is established considering factors such as margin objectives, market conditions and competition. ESP represents the price at which the company would transact for the deliverable if it were sold by the company regularly on a standalone basis. Under Bolt’s cloud-based software licenses, certain professional services are essential for the functionality of the software and the related maintenance and support services do not have standalone value to Bolt’s customers and are therefore combined, and revenue is recognized ratably over the applicable contract term. For certain professional service deliverables that have been determined to have standalone value, Bolt has historically concluded that neither VSOE nor TPE can be established and, as such, it has relied on ESP to allocate revenue to each element. Those fees are then recognized as the services are performed and/or the professional services are delivered. Finally, certain professional services are sold separately. Those fees are recognized as the professional services are delivered. Bolt’s commissions on the premiums from sales of insurance policies are recognized when Bolt has sufficient information to determine: (1) the amount that it is owed, and (2) that it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to Bolt. Bolt recognizes subscription fee revenue over the subscription period, which is generally a one-month period. Bolt has typically represented a small amount of Actua’s historical deferred revenue balances. Bolt’s contracts are generally billed in annual, quarterly or monthly installments. FolioDynamix FolioDynamix generates revenues primarily in the form of: (1) recurring software license and subscription fees, (2) maintenance and support services, (3) professional services fees from customization and integration services related to its software, (4) professional services fees for customized investment program management, and consulting, and (5) investment advisory services. The initial subscription arrangement term is typically between three and five years. FolioDynamix’s platform revenue from term software license arrangements is recognized on a subscription basis over the customer contract license term of use. Revenue from annual maintenance is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the period that the service is provided. Revenue related to platform implementation professional services is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term. A small portion of revenue is derived from multiple element contracts for which FolioDynamix cannot separate the license element from the service elements; that revenue is deferred until all elements of the arrangement have been delivered. Revenue under arrangements with multiple elements is allocated under the residual method. Under the residual method, revenue is allocated first to the undelivered elements based on their VSOE of fair value and the residual amount is applied to the delivered elements. Certain revenues earned by FolioDynamix for advisory services require judgment to determine whether revenue should be recorded on a gross basis (i.e., with FolioDynamix as a principal) or net of related costs (i.e., with FolioDynamix as an agent). In general, these revenues are recognized on a net basis if FolioDynamix does not have control over selecting vendors and pricing, and when the FolioDynamix is acting as an agent of the supplier. Revenues from professional services are deemed to not have standalone value and therefore are recognized ratably over the contract term. FolioDynamix’s contracts are billed in annual, quarterly or monthly installments and are primarily non-cancellable. GovDelivery GovDelivery revenue consists primarily of software subscription revenue; however, GovDelivery has growing revenue from media advertising and delivery of professional services such as developing Drupal applications for government entities. The core business of subscription revenue consist of: (1) nonrefundable setup fees and (2) SaaS monthly subscription fees. As the setup fees do not have standalone value to a customer, they are combined with subscription fees and are recognized in revenue over the initial contract term. Costs related to performing setup services are expensed as incurred. GovDelivery has typically represented a significant portion of Actua’s historical deferred revenue balances. GovDelivery’s contracts are generally billed in annual, quarterly, or monthly installments and contain cancellation clauses by which the customer can cancel the contract with 30 days written notice. In instances of cancellation, the pro rata balance of the agreement would be refundable. Historically, GovDelivery has experienced very low levels of cancellations. Media advertising revenue is generated through businesses promoting their products or services within the GovLoop online community, which can include a wide range of advertisements such as banner ads and sponsored trainings held by GovLoop or even online brochures. This revenue is recognized when the work is performed and delivered. Professional services revenue for customized Drupal development and other consulting continues to be a growing piece of the business resulting from the NuCivic acquisition in December 2014. Revenue is recognized based on a percentage of completion. Projects are reviewed for an estimated total effort required to deliver the contracted output which is compared against the performance completed to determine revenue for the reporting period. VelocityEHS VelocityEHS derives revenue from two sources: (1) SaaS subscription fees and (2) professional services fees. The vast majority of VelocityEHS’ revenue is derived from subscription fees from customers accessing VelocityEHS’ database and web-based tools; such revenue is recognized ratably over the applicable contract term, beginning with the subscription start date. VelocityEHS also generates professional service fees from: (a) customer training, (b) authoring of safety data sheets for customers, and (c) compiling of customers’ online libraries of safety data sheet documents and indexing those documents. Those professional services are generally determined to have standalone value, and the revenue derived from those fees is recognized on a proportional performance basis over the applicable project’s timeline. VelocityEHS has typically represented the majority of Actua’s historical deferred revenue balances. VelocityEHS’ contracts are generally billed annually and are non-cancellable. At each of Actua’s businesses, fees associated with professional services for new customers that are not determined to have standalone value are deferred and recognized over the contract term. Actua’s businesses recognize those fees, which primarily relate to implementation, over the initial terms of the contracts because, at the time contracts with new customers are consummated, there is no history with such customers and it cannot be determined whether the relationship with such customers will extend beyond the terms of the initial contracts. Equity-Based Compensation Actua recognizes equity-based compensation expense in the Consolidated Financial Statements for all stock options and other equity-based arrangements that are expected to vest. Equity-based compensation expense is measured at the date of grant, based on the fair value of the award, and recognized using the straight-line method over the employee’s requisite service period. Equity-based awards with vesting conditions other than service are recognized based on the probability that those conditions will be achieved. Research and Development Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Discontinued Operations During the year ended December 31, 2013, Channel Intelligence, InvestorForce, and Procurian were sold. The three businesses are presented as discontinued operations for all periods presented (including the gains associated with relevant escrow releases that occurred in 2014). Net Income (Loss) Per Share Basic net income (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during a given period, exclusive of unvested restricted stock. Diluted EPS includes shares, unless anti-dilutive, that would be issued in connection with the exercise of stock options and conversion of other convertible securities and is adjusted, if applicable, for the effect on net income (loss) of such transactions. See Note 15, “Net Income (Loss) per Share.” Comprehensive Income (Loss) Actua reports and displays comprehensive income (loss) and its components in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Comprehensive income (loss) is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from non-owner sources. Actua’s sources of comprehensive income (loss) are net income (loss), and net unrealized appreciation on its marketable securities. Reclassification adjustments result from the recognition of gains or losses in net income that were included in comprehensive income (loss) in prior periods. Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures During 2014 and 2013, Actua paid $1.0 million and $1.2 million in interest, respectively. Actua did not pay any interest during 2015. Income tax payments in 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $0.2 million, $2.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Non-cash acquisition related contingent consideration was included within the “Accrued expenses” line of the operating activities section of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2015 in the amounts of $0.7 million. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation. The impact of the reclassifications made to prior year amounts is not material and did not affect net income (loss). Adjustments to Previously Reported Amounts / Immaterial Correction of an Error During the second quarter of 2015, Actua revised previously reported amounts due to a change from recognizing noncontrolling interests related to FolioDynamix as a component of permanent equity to recognizing those interests as a component of temporary equity in redeemable noncontrolling interests. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, and SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, management evaluated the materiality of the error from qualitative and quantitative perspectives, and concluded the error was immaterial to the current and prior periods. The correction of the immaterial error resulted in an increase to the line item “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” of $4.1 million and decreases to the line items “Additional paid-in capital” and “Noncontrolling interests” of $1.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively, on Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014. This immaterial correction of an error had no impact on Actua's Consolidated Statements of Operations in any period. Escrow Information When an interest in one of Actua’s businesses is sold, a portion of the proceeds may be held in escrow primarily to satisfy purchase price adjustments and/or indemnity claims. Actua records gains on escrowed proceeds at the time Actua is entitled to receive those proceeds from escrow, the amount is fixed or determinable and realization is assured. As of December 31, 2015, $4.0 million related to Actua’s potential proceeds from sales of former businesses remained in escrow to satisfy potential or unresolved indemnification claims. Those outstanding escrow amounts are scheduled to be released in 2016, subject to pending and potential indemnity claims pursuant to the terms of the applicable acquisition agreements. Concentration of Customer Base and Credit Risk No single customer of Actua’s consolidated businesses represented more than 10% of Actua’s consolidated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013. Commitments and Contingencies From time to time, Actua and its businesses are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Actua does not expect any liability with respect to any legal claims or actions, either individually or in the aggregate, that would materially affect its consolidated financial position or cash flows. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting guidance on reporting discontinued operations. The new guidance changes the criteria for determining the disposals that qualify as discontinued operations and expands related disclosure requirements. Under the new guidance, a disposal is required to be reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results. This guidance, which is applied prospectively, became effective for Actua for new disposals and disposal groups classified as held for sale beginning on January 1, 2015. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In May 2014, the FASB issued revenue recognition guidance that provides a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers. Under the new guidance, an entity will recognize revenue based on amounts the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for the transfer of goods or services. The new guidance also includes enhanced disclosure requirements. This guidance, which will be applied either retrospectively or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption, will be effective for Actua beginning on January 1, 2018. Actua is in the process of evaluating the adoption alternatives and impact that this guidance will have on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In June 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding share-based compensation. The new guidance clarified that share-based compensation performance targets that could be achieved after the requisite service period should be treated as a performance condition that affects vesting rather than a condition that affects the grant-date fair value of the award. This guidance will be effective for Actua beginning on January 1, 2016. Actua does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In August 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding a simplified presentation of debt issuance costs, requiring that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. This guidance, which is applied retrospectively upon adoption, will be effective for Actua for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Actua does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In September 2015, the FASB issued accounting guidance on accounting for measurement period adjustments. The new guidance eliminates the requirement for an acquirer to retrospectively adjust the financial statements for measurement period adjustments that occur in periods after a business combination is consummated. This guidance will be effective for Actua beginning on January 1, 2016. Actua does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In November 2015, the FASB issued guidance to simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes. The new guidance requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as non-current on the balance sheet and eliminates the requirement that an entity separate deferred income tax liabilities and assets into current and non-current amounts. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods, with earlier application permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. Actua has earlier applied the new guidance and accordingly, the guidance is effective for Actua for the December 31, 2015 annual reporting period. The guidance impacts the presentation of deferred income taxes on Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets to a non-current classification and was applied retrospectively to the prior periods presented. In February 2016, the FASB issued comprehensive new guidance about leases. Under the new guidance, most leases will be recognized on Actua’s consolidated balance sheets as liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. The new guidance is effective for Actua for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The standard must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach. Actua has not yet evaluated the impact of this new pronouncement.

Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Accounting for Ownership Interests

The various interests that Actua acquires in its businesses are accounted for under one of three methods: the consolidation method, the equity method and the cost method. The applicable accounting method is generally determined based on Actua’s voting interest in a company.

Consolidation Method

Businesses in which: (1) Actua directly or indirectly owns more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities and (2) other stockholders do not possess the right to affect significant management decisions are generally accounted for under the consolidation method of accounting. Participation of other stockholders in the net assets and in the earnings or losses of a consolidated subsidiary is reflected in the line items “Noncontrolling interests” in Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and “Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest” in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Noncontrolling interest adjusts Actua’s consolidated results of operations to reflect only Actua’s share of the earnings or losses of the consolidated subsidiary.

Any changes in Actua’s ownership interest in a consolidated subsidiary, whether through additional equity issuances (whether to Actua or otherwise) by the consolidated subsidiary or through Actua acquiring equity interests from existing shareholders, following which Actua maintains control is recognized as an equity transaction, with appropriate adjustments to both Actua’s additional paid-in capital and the corresponding noncontrolling interests. The difference between the carrying amount of Actua’s ownership interest in the company and the underlying net book value of the company after the issuance of stock by the company is reflected as an equity transaction in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.

An increase in Actua’s ownership interest in a business accounted for under the equity or cost method of accounting in which Actua obtains a controlling financial interest is accounted for as a step acquisition, with an allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of the net assets acquired. In addition, Actua remeasures its previously held ownership interest in a business that was previously not consolidated at the acquisition date fair value; any gain or loss resulting from such a remeasurement is recognized in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations at the time of the remeasurement. Actua begins to include the financial position and operating results of the newly-consolidated subsidiary in its Consolidated Financial Statements from the date Actua obtains the controlling financial interest in that subsidiary. If control is lost, any retained interest is measured at fair value, and a gain or loss is recognized in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations at that time. In addition, to the extent Actua maintains a smaller equity ownership, the accounting method used for that business is adjusted to the equity or cost method of accounting, as appropriate, for subsequent periods.

Equity Method

Actua did not own any equity method businesses during 2015 and owned equity method businesses, Acquirgy, Inc. (“Acquirgy”) and CIML, LLC (“CIML”) during 2014. Businesses that are not consolidated, but over which Actua exercises significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and are referred to in Note 7, “Equity and Cost Method Businesses.” The determination as to whether or not Actua exercises significant influence with respect to a company depends on an evaluation of several factors, including, among others, representation on the company’s board of directors and equity ownership level, which is generally between a 20% and a 50% interest in the voting securities of an equity method business, as well as voting rights associated with Actua’s holdings in common stock, preferred stock and other convertible instruments in that company. Actua’s share of the earnings and/or losses of the company, as well as any adjustments resulting from prior period finalizations of equity income/losses, are reflected in the line item “Equity loss” in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Cost Method

Businesses not accounted for under either the consolidation method or equity method of accounting are accounted for under the cost method of accounting and are referred to in Note 7, “Equity and Cost Method Businesses.” Actua’s share of the earnings and/or losses of cost method businesses is not included in Actua’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. However, impairment charges related to cost method businesses are recognized in Actua’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. If circumstances suggest that the value of a cost method business with respect to which an impairment charge has been made has subsequently recovered, that recovery is not recorded. The carrying values of Actua’s cost method businesses are reflected in the line item “Equity and cost method businesses” in Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Actua initially records its carrying value in businesses accounted for under the cost method at cost, unless the equity securities of a cost method business have readily determinable fair values based on quoted market prices, in which case the interests are valued at fair value and are classified as marketable securities or some other classification in accordance with guidance for ownership interests in debt and equity securities.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. The estimates, which include evaluation of Actua’s convertible debt and equity holdings in businesses, asset impairment, revenue recognition, income taxes, and commitments and contingencies are based on management’s best judgments. Management evaluates its estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, such as the current economic environment, that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances and adjusts its estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate that it is necessary or appropriate to do so. It is reasonably possible that Actua’s accounting estimates with respect to the ultimate recoverability of Actua’s ownership interests in convertible debt, equity holdings, goodwill, and the useful lives of intangible assets could change in the near term and that the effect of such changes on Actua’s consolidated financial statements could be material. As of December 31 2015, management believes the recorded amounts of intangible assets and cost method businesses were not impaired. Actua has determined that the goodwill associated to the FolioDynamix reporting unit was partially impaired as of December 31, 2015 and recognized a loss of $39.7 million. Please refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets.” The recorded amounts of goodwill, intangible assets and cost method businesses were not impaired as of December 31, 2014.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Actua considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of approximately three months at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were invested principally in money market accounts.

Restricted Cash

Actua considers cash that is legally restricted and cash that is held as a compensative balance for letter of credit arrangements as restricted cash. Actua had long-term restricted cash of $0.4 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which is included in “Other assets, net” in our consolidated Balance Sheets.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. Actua has made acquisitions over the years that have resulted in the recognition and accumulation of significant goodwill. Actua tests goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently as conditions warrant.

The first step of the test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the estimated fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not considered to be impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test must be performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any.

The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

Actua estimates the fair value of its reporting units using “Level 2” and “Level 3” inputs described in Note 8, “Fair Value Measurement.” Significant judgments and estimates are made to estimate the fair value of Actua's reporting units, such as projected future earnings, applicable discount rates, the selection of peer earnings multiples and the relative weighting of different fair value indicators. Actua determines market multiples from comparable publicly-traded companies and applies those approximate multiples to the revenues of the reporting units, which are then compared to the respective carrying values of the reporting units.

Refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” and Note 8, “Fair Value Measurement” for further details, including sensitivity analysis of the fair value calculation related to Actua's December 31, 2015 annual impairment analysis.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with determinable lives primarily consist of customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, technology, non-compete agreements and other intellectual property. The cost of intangible assets with determinable lives is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of economic benefit. Indefinite-lived intangibles are subject to impairment testing at least annually. In addition, intangible assets are tested more frequently if a change in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicates that potential impairment exists.

Equity Method Businesses and Cost Method Businesses

Actua evaluates its carrying value in equity method businesses, if any, and cost method businesses continuously to determine whether an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of any such business exists and should be recognized. In order to make that determination, Actua considers each such business’ achievement of its business plan objectives and milestones, the fair value of its ownership interest in each such business (which, in the case of any company listed on a public stock exchange, is the quoted stock price of the relevant ownership interest), the financial condition and prospects of each such business, and other relevant factors. The business plan objectives and milestones Actua considers include, among others, those related to financial performance, such as achievement of planned financial results or completion of capital raising activities, and those that are not primarily financial in nature, such as obtaining key business partnerships or the hiring of key employees. Impairment charges are determined by comparing Actua’s carrying value of a business with the business’ estimated fair value. Fair value is determined by using a combination of estimating the cash flows related to the relevant business, including estimated proceeds on disposition, and an analysis of market price multiples of companies engaged in lines of business similar to the business being evaluated. Actua concluded that the carrying values of its cost method businesses were not impaired as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 and also that the carrying value of its equity method business was not impaired as of December 31, 2014.

Financial Instruments

Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. Marketable securities are carried at fair value.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists primarily of payments received in advance of revenue being earned under the relevant customer agreements.

Contract Acquisition Costs

Actua expenses commission expense associated to contract acquisitions immediately.

Revenue Recognition

Actua recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of the service has occurred, no significant obligations with regard to implementation remain, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. The following paragraphs provide more specific details regarding the manner in which each of our businesses recognizes revenue.

Bolt

Bolt generates revenue from: (1) SaaS software licenses, (2) maintenance and support services, (3) professional service fees, (4) insurance commissions, including contingency bonus revenues from insurance carriers, and (5) subscription fees.

Bolt enters into certain multiple deliverable arrangements that relate primarily to its software licenses (which are delivered through a cloud-based model), professional services necessary for the functionality of the software and maintenance and support services. Bolt evaluates each deliverable in a multiple deliverable arrangement to determine whether that deliverable has standalone value. A delivered element has standalone value if the element has value to a customer on a standalone basis (supported by whether Bolt routinely provides these elements independent of other products and/or services, or a third-party vendor could provide a similar service to the customer). Additionally, Bolt considers whether there is a customer-negotiated refund or return right for the delivered element. If these criteria are not met, the deliverable is combined with the undelivered elements and the allocation of the arrangement consideration and revenue recognition are determined for the combined elements and recognized over the applicable contract term.

For Bolt’s professional services or other deliverables that are determined to have standalone value, Bolt allocates the total revenue to be earned under the arrangement among the various elements based on a selling price hierarchy using the relative selling price method. The selling price for a deliverable is based on the best estimated selling price (“ESP”), as neither vendor selling objective evidence (“VSOE”) nor third party evidence (“TPE”) is available. VSOE of selling price is based on the normal pricing and discounting practices for those products and services when sold separately. TPE of selling price is determined by evaluating largely similar and interchangeable competitor products or services in standalone sales to similarly situated customers. ESP is established considering factors such as margin objectives, market conditions and competition. ESP represents the price at which the company would transact for the deliverable if it were sold by the company regularly on a standalone basis.

Under Bolt’s cloud-based software licenses, certain professional services are essential for the functionality of the software and the related maintenance and support services do not have standalone value to Bolt’s customers and are therefore combined, and revenue is recognized ratably over the applicable contract term. For certain professional service deliverables that have been determined to have standalone value, Bolt has historically concluded that neither VSOE nor TPE can be established and, as such, it has relied on ESP to allocate revenue to each element. Those fees are then recognized as the services are performed and/or the professional services are delivered. Finally, certain professional services are sold separately. Those fees are recognized as the professional services are delivered.

Bolt’s commissions on the premiums from sales of insurance policies are recognized when Bolt has sufficient information to determine: (1) the amount that it is owed, and (2) that it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to Bolt. Bolt recognizes subscription fee revenue over the subscription period, which is generally a one-month period.

Bolt has typically represented a small amount of Actua’s historical deferred revenue balances. Bolt’s contracts are generally billed in annual, quarterly or monthly installments.

FolioDynamix

FolioDynamix generates revenues primarily in the form of: (1) recurring software license and subscription fees, (2) maintenance and support services, (3) professional services fees from customization and integration services related to its software, (4) professional services fees for customized investment program management, and consulting, and (5) investment advisory services. The initial subscription arrangement term is typically between three and five years.

FolioDynamix’s platform revenue from term software license arrangements is recognized on a subscription basis over the customer contract license term of use. Revenue from annual maintenance is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the period that the service is provided. Revenue related to platform implementation professional services is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term. A small portion of revenue is derived from multiple element contracts for which FolioDynamix cannot separate the license element from the service elements; that revenue is deferred until all elements of the arrangement have been delivered. Revenue under arrangements with multiple elements is allocated under the residual method. Under the residual method, revenue is allocated first to the undelivered elements based on their VSOE of fair value and the residual amount is applied to the delivered elements.

Certain revenues earned by FolioDynamix for advisory services require judgment to determine whether revenue should be recorded on a gross basis (i.e., with FolioDynamix as a principal) or net of related costs (i.e., with FolioDynamix as an agent). In general, these revenues are recognized on a net basis if FolioDynamix does not have control over selecting vendors and pricing, and when the FolioDynamix is acting as an agent of the supplier. Revenues from professional services are deemed to not have standalone value and therefore are recognized ratably over the contract term.

FolioDynamix’s contracts are billed in annual, quarterly or monthly installments and are primarily non-cancellable.

GovDelivery

GovDelivery revenue consists primarily of software subscription revenue; however, GovDelivery has growing revenue from media advertising and delivery of professional services such as developing Drupal applications for government entities. The core business of subscription revenue consist of: (1) nonrefundable setup fees and (2) SaaS monthly subscription fees. As the setup fees do not have standalone value to a customer, they are combined with subscription fees and are recognized in revenue over the initial contract term. Costs related to performing setup services are expensed as incurred. GovDelivery has typically represented a significant portion of Actua’s historical deferred revenue balances. GovDelivery’s contracts are generally billed in annual, quarterly, or monthly installments and contain cancellation clauses by which the customer can cancel the contract with 30 days written notice. In instances of cancellation, the pro rata balance of the agreement would be refundable. Historically, GovDelivery has experienced very low levels of cancellations.

Media advertising revenue is generated through businesses promoting their products or services within the GovLoop online community, which can include a wide range of advertisements such as banner ads and sponsored trainings held by GovLoop or even online brochures. This revenue is recognized when the work is performed and delivered.

Professional services revenue for customized Drupal development and other consulting continues to be a growing piece of the business resulting from the NuCivic acquisition in December 2014. Revenue is recognized based on a percentage of completion. Projects are reviewed for an estimated total effort required to deliver the contracted output which is compared against the performance completed to determine revenue for the reporting period.

VelocityEHS

VelocityEHS derives revenue from two sources: (1) SaaS subscription fees and (2) professional services fees. The vast majority of VelocityEHS’ revenue is derived from subscription fees from customers accessing VelocityEHS’ database and web-based tools; such revenue is recognized ratably over the applicable contract term, beginning with the subscription start date. VelocityEHS also generates professional service fees from: (a) customer training, (b) authoring of safety data sheets for customers, and (c) compiling of customers’ online libraries of safety data sheet documents and indexing those documents. Those professional services are generally determined to have standalone value, and the revenue derived from those fees is recognized on a proportional performance basis over the applicable project’s timeline.

VelocityEHS has typically represented the majority of Actua’s historical deferred revenue balances. VelocityEHS’ contracts are generally billed annually and are non-cancellable.

At each of Actua’s businesses, fees associated with professional services for new customers that are not determined to have standalone value are deferred and recognized over the contract term. Actua’s businesses recognize those fees, which primarily relate to implementation, over the initial terms of the contracts because, at the time contracts with new customers are consummated, there is no history with such customers and it cannot be determined whether the relationship with such customers will extend beyond the terms of the initial contracts.

Equity-Based Compensation

Actua recognizes equity-based compensation expense in the Consolidated Financial Statements for all stock options and other equity-based arrangements that are expected to vest. Equity-based compensation expense is measured at the date of grant, based on the fair value of the award, and recognized using the straight-line method over the employee’s requisite service period. Equity-based awards with vesting conditions other than service are recognized based on the probability that those conditions will be achieved.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Discontinued Operations

During the year ended December 31, 2013, Channel Intelligence, InvestorForce, and Procurian were sold. The three businesses are presented as discontinued operations for all periods presented (including the gains associated with relevant escrow releases that occurred in 2014).

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during a given period, exclusive of unvested restricted stock. Diluted EPS includes shares, unless anti-dilutive, that would be issued in connection with the exercise of stock options and conversion of other convertible securities and is adjusted, if applicable, for the effect on net income (loss) of such transactions. See Note 15, “Net Income (Loss) per Share.”

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Actua reports and displays comprehensive income (loss) and its components in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Comprehensive income (loss) is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from non-owner sources. Actua’s sources of comprehensive income (loss) are net income (loss), and net unrealized appreciation on its marketable securities. Reclassification adjustments result from the recognition of gains or losses in net income that were included in comprehensive income (loss) in prior periods.

Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures

During 2014 and 2013, Actua paid $1.0 million and $1.2 million in interest, respectively. Actua did not pay any interest during 2015. Income tax payments in 2015, 2014 and 2013 were $0.2 million, $2.0 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Non-cash acquisition related contingent consideration was included within the “Accrued expenses” line of the operating activities section of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2015 in the amounts of $0.7 million.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation. The impact of the reclassifications made to prior year amounts is not material and did not affect net income (loss).

Adjustments to Previously Reported Amounts / Immaterial Correction of an Error

During the second quarter of 2015, Actua revised previously reported amounts due to a change from recognizing noncontrolling interests related to FolioDynamix as a component of permanent equity to recognizing those interests as a component of temporary equity in redeemable noncontrolling interests. In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, and SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, management evaluated the materiality of the error from qualitative and quantitative perspectives, and concluded the error was immaterial to the current and prior periods. The correction of the immaterial error resulted in an increase to the line item “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” of $4.1 million and decreases to the line items “Additional paid-in capital” and “Noncontrolling interests” of $1.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively, on Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014. This immaterial correction of an error had no impact on Actua's Consolidated Statements of Operations in any period.

Escrow Information

When an interest in one of Actua’s businesses is sold, a portion of the proceeds may be held in escrow primarily to satisfy purchase price adjustments and/or indemnity claims. Actua records gains on escrowed proceeds at the time Actua is entitled to receive those proceeds from escrow, the amount is fixed or determinable and realization is assured. As of December 31, 2015, $4.0 million related to Actua’s potential proceeds from sales of former businesses remained in escrow to satisfy potential or unresolved indemnification claims. Those outstanding escrow amounts are scheduled to be released in 2016, subject to pending and potential indemnity claims pursuant to the terms of the applicable acquisition agreements.

Concentration of Customer Base and Credit Risk

No single customer of Actua’s consolidated businesses represented more than 10% of Actua’s consolidated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013.

Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, Actua and its businesses are involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Actua does not expect any liability with respect to any legal claims or actions, either individually or in the aggregate, that would materially affect its consolidated financial position or cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting guidance on reporting discontinued operations. The new guidance changes the criteria for determining the disposals that qualify as discontinued operations and expands related disclosure requirements. Under the new guidance, a disposal is required to be reported as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results. This guidance, which is applied prospectively, became effective for Actua for new disposals and disposal groups classified as held for sale beginning on January 1, 2015. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued revenue recognition guidance that provides a single, comprehensive revenue recognition model for all contracts with customers. Under the new guidance, an entity will recognize revenue based on amounts the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for the transfer of goods or services. The new guidance also includes enhanced disclosure requirements. This guidance, which will be applied either retrospectively or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption, will be effective for Actua beginning on January 1, 2018. Actua is in the process of evaluating the adoption alternatives and impact that this guidance will have on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding share-based compensation. The new guidance clarified that share-based compensation performance targets that could be achieved after the requisite service period should be treated as a performance condition that affects vesting rather than a condition that affects the grant-date fair value of the award. This guidance will be effective for Actua beginning on January 1, 2016. Actua does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding a simplified presentation of debt issuance costs, requiring that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. This guidance, which is applied retrospectively upon adoption, will be effective for Actua for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Actua does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In September 2015, the FASB issued accounting guidance on accounting for measurement period adjustments. The new guidance eliminates the requirement for an acquirer to retrospectively adjust the financial statements for measurement period adjustments that occur in periods after a business combination is consummated. This guidance will be effective for Actua beginning on January 1, 2016. Actua does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued guidance to simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes. The new guidance requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as non-current on the balance sheet and eliminates the requirement that an entity separate deferred income tax liabilities and assets into current and non-current amounts. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods, with earlier application permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. Actua has earlier applied the new guidance and accordingly, the guidance is effective for Actua for the December 31, 2015 annual reporting period. The guidance impacts the presentation of deferred income taxes on Actua’s Consolidated Balance Sheets to a non-current classification and was applied retrospectively to the prior periods presented.

In February 2016, the FASB issued comprehensive new guidance about leases. Under the new guidance, most leases will be recognized on Actua’s consolidated balance sheets as liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. The new guidance is effective for Actua for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The standard must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach. Actua has not yet evaluated the impact of this new pronouncement.