10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission File Number 001-08399

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Ohio	31-1189815
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
200 Old Wilson Bridge Road, Columbus, Ohio	43085
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(614) 438-3210

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, Without Par Value	WOR	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒    No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐    No ☒ 

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.  On December 31, 2021, the number of Common Shares, without par value, issued and outstanding was 50,934,413.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Safe Harbor Statement			ii
Part I.  Financial Information
	Item 1.	Financial Statements
		Consolidated Balance Sheets – November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021	1
		Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) – Three Months and Six Months Ended November 30, 2021 and 2020	2
		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) – Three Months and Six Months Ended November 30, 2021 and 2020	3
		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three Months and Six Months Ended November 30, 2021 and 2020	4
		Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	5
	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	23
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	37
Part II.  Other Information
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	38
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	38
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	38
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities (Not applicable)	39
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures (Not applicable)	39
	Item 5.	Other Information (Not applicable)	39
	Item 6.	Exhibits	40
Signatures			41

i

Safe Harbor Statement

Selected statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, in “PART I – Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” constitute “forward-looking statements” as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”).  Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations, estimates or projections concerning future results or events.  These statements are often identified by the use of forward-looking words or phrases such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “may,” “could,” “intend,” “estimate,” “plan,” “foresee,” “likely,” “will,” “should” or other similar words or phrases.  These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to:

• the ever-changing effects of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and the various responses of governmental and nongovernmental authorities thereto (such as fiscal stimulus packages, quarantines, shut downs and other restrictions on travel and commercial, social or other activities) on economies (local, national and international) and markets, and on our customers, counterparties, employees and third-party service providers;

• future or expected cash positions, liquidity and ability to access financial markets and capital;

• outlook, strategy or business plans;

• future or expected growth, growth potential, forward momentum, performance, competitive position, sales, volumes, cash flows, earnings, margins, balance sheet strengths, debt, financial condition or other financial measures;

• pricing trends for raw materials and finished goods and the impact of pricing changes;

• the ability to improve or maintain margins;

• expected demand or demand trends for us or our markets;

• additions to product lines and opportunities to participate in new markets;

• expected benefits from Transformation and innovation efforts;

• the ability to improve performance and competitive position at our operations;

• anticipated working capital needs, capital expenditures and asset sales;

• anticipated improvements and efficiencies in costs, operations, sales, inventory management, sourcing and the supply chain and the results thereof;

• projected profitability potential;

• the ability to make acquisitions and the projected timing, results, benefits, costs, charges and expenditures related to acquisitions, joint ventures, headcount reductions and facility dispositions, shutdowns and consolidations;

• projected capacity and the alignment of operations with demand;

• the ability to operate profitably and generate cash in down markets;

• the ability to capture and maintain market share and to develop or take advantage of future opportunities, customer initiatives, new businesses, new products and new markets;

• expectations for Company and customer inventories, jobs and orders;

• expectations for the economy and markets or improvements therein;

• expectations for generating improving and sustainable earnings, earnings potential, margins or shareholder value;

• effects of judicial rulings; and

• other non-historical matters.

Because they are based on beliefs, estimates and assumptions, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected.  Any number of factors could affect actual results, including, without limitation, those that follow:

• the risks, uncertainties and impacts related to the COVID-19 pandemic – the duration, extent and severity of which is impossible to predict, including the further resurgence in the spread of COVID-19 or variants thereof – and the availability, effectiveness and acceptance of vaccines, and other actual or potential public health emergencies and actions taken by governmental authorities or others in connection therewith;

• the effect of national, regional and global economic conditions generally and within major product markets, including significant economic disruptions from COVID-19, the actions taken in connection therewith and the implementation of related fiscal stimulus packages;

• the effect of conditions in national and worldwide financial markets and with respect to the ability of financial institutions to provide capital;

• the impact of tariffs, the adoption of trade restrictions affecting our products or suppliers, a United States withdrawal from or significant renegotiation of trade agreements, the occurrence of trade wars, the closing of border crossings, and other changes in trade regulations or relationships;

• changing oil prices;

ii

• product demand and pricing;

• changes in product mix, product substitution and market acceptance of our products;

• fluctuations in the pricing, quality or availability of raw materials (particularly steel), supplies, transportation, utilities and other items required by operations, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic;

• the outcome of adverse claims experience with respect to workers’ compensation, product recalls or product liability, casualty events or other matters;

• effects of facility closures and the consolidation of operations;

• the effect of financial difficulties, consolidation and other changes within the steel, automotive (especially in light of the semi-conductor shortages), construction and other industries in which we participate;

• failure to maintain appropriate levels of inventories;

• financial difficulties (including bankruptcy filings) of original equipment manufacturers, end-users and customers, suppliers, joint venture partners and others with whom we do business;

• the ability to realize targeted expense reductions from headcount reductions, facility closures and other cost reduction efforts;

• the ability to realize cost savings and operational, sales and sourcing improvements and efficiencies, and other expected benefits from Transformation initiatives, on a timely basis;

• the overall success of, and the ability to integrate, newly-acquired businesses and joint ventures, maintain and develop their customers, and achieve synergies and other expected benefits and cost savings therefrom;

• capacity levels and efficiencies, within facilities, within major product markets and within the industries in which we participate as a whole;

• the effect of disruption in the business of suppliers, customers, facilities and shipping operations due to adverse weather, casualty events, equipment breakdowns, labor shortages (especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic), interruption in utility services, civil unrest, international conflicts, terrorist activities, pandemics or other causes;

• changes in customer demand, inventories, spending patterns, product choices, and supplier choices;

• risks associated with doing business internationally, including economic, political and social instability, foreign currency exchange rate exposure and the acceptance of our products in global markets;

• the ability to improve and maintain processes and business practices to keep pace with the economic, competitive and technological environment;

• deviation of actual results from estimates and/or assumptions used by us in the application of our significant accounting policies;

• the level of imports and import prices in our markets;

• the impact of environmental laws and regulations or other actions of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or similar regulators which increase costs or limit our ability to use or sell certain products;

• the impact of judicial rulings and governmental regulations, both in the United States and abroad, including those adopted by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and other governmental agencies as contemplated by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010;

• the effect of healthcare laws in the United States and potential changes for such laws, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may increase our healthcare and other costs and negatively impact our operations and financial results;

• the effect of tax laws in the United States and potential changes for such laws, which may increase our costs and negatively impact our operations and financial results;

• cyber security risks;

• the effects of privacy and information security laws and standards; and

• other risks described from time to time in the filings of Worthington Industries, Inc. with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, including those described in “PART I – Item 1A. — Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021.

We note these factors for investors as contemplated by the Act.  It is impossible to predict or identify all potential risk factors.  Consequently, you should not consider the foregoing list to be a complete set of all potential risks and uncertainties.  Any forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based on current information as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and we assume no obligation to correct or update any such statements in the future, except as required by applicable law.

iii

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. – Financial Statements

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

	(Unaudited)
	November 30,		May 31,
	2021		2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	225,194	$	640,311
Receivables, less allowances of $790 and $608 at November 30, 2021
and May 31, 2021, respectively		736,738		639,964
Inventories:
Raw materials		420,511		266,208
Work in process		247,772		183,413
Finished products		171,305		115,133
Total inventories		839,588		564,754
Income taxes receivable		1,574		1,958
Assets held for sale		34,721		51,956
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		72,952		69,049
Total current assets		1,910,767		1,967,992
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates		291,397		233,126
Operating lease assets		93,628		35,101
Goodwill		370,191		351,056
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $86,459 and
$80,513 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively		267,564		240,387
Other assets		32,451		30,566
Property, plant and equipment:
Land		21,319		21,744
Buildings and improvements		273,483		271,196
Machinery and equipment		1,086,453		1,046,065
Construction in progress		68,423		53,903
Total property, plant and equipment		1,449,678		1,392,908
Less: accumulated depreciation		898,044		877,891
Total property, plant and equipment, net		551,634		515,017
Total assets	$	3,517,632	$	3,373,245
Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	610,278	$	567,392
Accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and
related taxes		105,879		137,698
Dividends payable		15,794		16,536
Other accrued items		60,484		52,250
Current operating lease liabilities		10,888		9,947
Income taxes payable		16,555		3,620
Current maturities of long-term debt		280		458
Total current liabilities		820,158		787,901
Other liabilities		81,786		82,824
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate		94,836		99,669
Long-term debt		701,892		710,031
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		83,887		27,374
Deferred income taxes, net		101,982		113,751
Total liabilities		1,884,541		1,821,550
Shareholders' equity - controlling interest		1,479,797		1,398,193
Noncontrolling interests		153,294		153,502
Total equity		1,633,091		1,551,695
Total liabilities and equity	$	3,517,632	$	3,373,245

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

1

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS (LOSS)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	November 30,						November 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Net sales	$	1,232,861		$	731,092		$	2,343,679		$	1,434,001
Cost of goods sold		1,048,270			595,618			1,939,714			1,185,169
Gross margin		184,591			135,474			403,965			248,832
Selling, general and administrative expense		96,130			82,129			191,981			164,325
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			3,815			-			13,739
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(2,004	)		7,596			(14,278	)		9,444
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			4,570			-			54,081
Operating income		90,465			37,364			226,262			7,243
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net		1,040			376			1,670			827
Interest expense		(7,312	)		(7,548	)		(15,030	)		(15,138	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		60,218			25,631			113,134			49,265
Gains (loss) on investment in Nikola		-			(143,780	)		-			652,362
Earnings (loss) before income taxes		144,411			(87,957	)		326,036			694,559
Income tax expense (benefit)		31,226			(19,445	)		71,376			144,333
Net earnings (loss)		113,185			(68,512	)		254,660			550,226
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests		2,884			5,532			11,868			7,595
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest	$	110,301		$	(74,044	)	$	242,792		$	542,631
Basic
Weighted average common shares outstanding		50,381			52,988			50,618			53,532
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.19		$	(1.40	)	$	4.80		$	10.14
Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding		51,214			52,988			51,532			54,439
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.15		$	(1.40	)	$	4.71		$	9.97
Common shares outstanding at end of period		50,334			52,754			50,334			52,754
Cash dividends declared per share	$	0.28		$	0.25		$	0.56		$	0.50

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	November 30,						November 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Net earnings (loss)	$	113,185		$	(68,512	)	$	254,660		$	550,226
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Foreign currency translation, net of tax		(4,872	)		(1,051	)		(8,847	)		7,257
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax		-			(4	)		-			368
Cash flow hedges, net of tax		(52,986	)		15,218			(53,285	)		17,781
Other comprehensive (loss) income		(57,858	)		14,163			(62,132	)		25,406
Comprehensive income (loss)		55,327			(54,349	)		192,528			575,632
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		2,884			5,532			11,868			7,595
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to controlling interest	$	52,443		$	(59,881	)	$	180,660		$	568,037

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	November 30,						November 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Operating activities:
Net earnings (loss)	$	113,185		$	(68,512	)	$	254,660		$	550,226
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash (used) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		21,090			21,560			43,154			43,771
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			3,815			-			13,739
Provision for (benefit from) deferred income taxes		1,309			(31,776	)		2,675			39,255
Bad debt expense (income)		335			(159	)		514			(65	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions		(31,274	)		4,608			(64,492	)		(2,149	)
Net (gain) loss on sale of assets		(496	)		7,271			(13,202	)		7,673
Stock-based compensation		4,248			4,854			7,551			9,710
(Gains) loss on investment in Nikola		-			143,780			-			(652,362	)
Charitable contribution of Nikola shares		-			-			-			20,653
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of impact of acquisitions:
Receivables		(89,817	)		3,580			(121,685	)		(78,614	)
Inventories		(97,182	)		4,623			(260,864	)		90,245
Accounts payable		(47,594	)		48,176			(926	)		95,330
Accrued compensation and employee benefits		14,358			13,960			(31,819	)		37,812
Income taxes payable		(22,922	)		(44,623	)		12,935			39,041
Other operating items, net		15,656			(3,729	)		2,583			10,551
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities		(119,104	)		107,428			(168,916	)		224,816
Investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		(24,234	)		(16,073	)		(48,159	)		(48,944	)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(3,000	)		(75	)		(107,750	)		(75	)
Proceeds from sale of assets, net		5,136			21,580			31,821			21,580
Proceeds from sale of Nikola shares		-			-			-			487,859
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities		(22,098	)		5,432			(124,088	)		460,420
Financing activities:
Principal payments on long-term obligations and debt redemption costs		(10	)		(96	)		(402	)		(193	)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net of tax withholdings		(2,694	)		2,294			(6,785	)		1,144
Payments to noncontrolling interests		(2,879	)		-			(12,076	)		(560	)
Repurchase of common shares		(12,702	)		(38,563	)		(73,587	)		(92,883	)
Dividends paid		(14,565	)		(13,433	)		(29,263	)		(26,812	)
Net cash used by financing activities		(32,850	)		(49,798	)		(122,113	)		(119,304	)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(174,052	)		63,062			(415,117	)		565,932
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		399,246			650,068			640,311			147,198
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	225,194		$	713,130		$	225,194		$	713,130

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONDENSED Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE A – Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Worthington Industries, Inc. and consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “our,” “Worthington,” or the “Company”).  Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method.  Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company owns controlling interests in the following four joint ventures: Spartan Steel Coating, L.L.C. (“Spartan”) (52%), TWB Company, L.L.C. (“TWB”) (55%), Worthington Samuel Coil Processing LLC (“Samuel” or “Samuel joint venture”) (63%), and Worthington Specialty Processing (“WSP”) (51%).  These joint ventures are consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture members shown as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets, and the other joint venture members’ portions of net earnings and other comprehensive income (“OCI”) shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings (loss) and consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), respectively.  Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method.  See further discussion of our unconsolidated affiliates in “NOTE D – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”.

These unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature except those which have been disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for these interim periods, have been included.  Operating results for the three months and six months ended November 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2022 (“fiscal 2022”). For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 (“fiscal 2021”) of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “2021 Form 10-K”).

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Segment Reporting: The Company’s operations are managed principally on a products and services basis.  Segment information is prepared on the same basis that the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews financial information for operational decision-making purposes.  See further discussion in “NOTE O – Segment Operations”.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On June 1, 2021, the Company adopted ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740 and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. The adoption of the accounting standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

5

NOTE B – Revenue Recognition

The following table summarizes net sales by reportable segment and product class for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	November 30,				November 30,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Steel Processing
Direct	$	900,666	$	433,556	$	1,688,694	$	838,364
Toll		37,176		35,167		71,958		61,379
Total		937,842		468,723		1,760,652		899,743
Consumer Products (1)		140,793		117,513		288,576		251,135
Building Products (1)		121,125		93,989		235,868		182,092
Sustainable Energy Solutions (1)		33,101		34,023		58,583		61,880
Other
Oil & Gas Equipment		-		6,646		-		16,542
Engineered Cabs		-		84		-		1,070
Other		-		10,114		-		21,539
Total		-		16,844		-		39,151
Total	$	1,232,861	$	731,092	$	2,343,679	$	1,434,001
(1) The products contained within each of these reportable segments have similar production processes, require substantially the same raw materials, use similar equipment and serve similar purposes. Therefore, we believe the products within each of these segments are appropriately combined for purposes of the disclosure requirements prescribed by ASC 280 and ASC 606.  See NOTE O - Segment Operations for information regarding the reorganization of our pressure cylinders business and the resulting new reportable segments, effective June 1, 2021.

We recognize revenue at a point in time, with the exception of the toll processing revenue stream and, on a historical basis, certain contracts within the oil & gas equipment revenue stream, which were recognized over time. The following table summarizes the over time revenue for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	November 30,				November 30,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Steel Processing - toll	$	37,176	$	35,167	$	71,958	$	61,379
Certain oil & gas equipment contracts		-		4,367		-		12,066
Total over time revenue	$	37,176	$	39,534	$	71,958	$	73,445

The following table summarizes the unbilled receivables for the periods presented:

		November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	Balance Sheet Classification	2021		2021
Unbilled receivables	Receivables	$	5,636	$	5,317
There were no contract assets at either of the dates indicated above.

We have elected the optional exemption, which allows for the exclusion of the amounts for remaining performance obligations that are a part of contracts with an expected duration of one year or less.  As of November 30, 2021, there were no unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations related to contracts with an expected duration greater than one year.

6

NOTE C – Investment in Nikola

On June 3, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), Nikola Corporation (“Nikola”) became a public company through a reverse merger with a subsidiary of VectoIQ Acquisition Corporation, a NASDAQ listed publicly traded company.  Prior to the Effective Date, the Company held an equity interest in the predecessor company, which was converted to 19,048,020 shares of Nikola common stock.  During fiscal 2021, the Company sold or contributed all of these shares.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company recognized a $796,141,000 pre-tax gain consisting of $508,511,000 of realized gains from the sale or contribution of 12,000,000 of its Nikola shares, and an unrealized mark-to-market gain of $287,630,000 related to the 7,048,000 Nikola shares the Company continued to own at August 31, 2020.  The Company also recognized in operating income $49,511,000 of incremental expenses related to the Nikola gains, comprised of $28,858,000 for discretionary profit sharing and bonus expenses and $20,653,000 for the contribution of 500,000 shares of Nikola common stock to the Worthington Industries Foundation to establish a charitable endowment focused on the communities in which the Company operates.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, the market price of the Nikola shares dropped from $40.81 per share at August 31, 2020 to $20.41 per share at November 30, 2020, resulting in an unrealized mark-to-market loss of $143,780,000 for the 7,048,000 shares we held at quarter end, and reducing the pre-tax year-to-date realized and unrealized gain on the investment in Nikola to $652,362,000.  In addition, during the second quarter, we recorded incremental expenses of $4,570,000 for discretionary bonuses related to the Nikola investment gain.

NOTE D – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in affiliated companies that we do not control, either through majority ownership or otherwise, are accounted for using the equity method.  At November 30, 2021, the Company held non-controlling investments in the following affiliated companies:  ArtiFlex Manufacturing, LLC (“ArtiFlex”) (50%), Clarkwestern Dietrich Building Systems LLC (“ClarkDietrich”) (25%), Serviacero Planos, S. de R. L. de C.V. (“Serviacero Worthington”) (50%), Taxi Workhorse Holdings, LLC (“Cabs”) (20%), and Worthington Armstrong Venture (“WAVE”) (50%).  

We received distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaling $48,642,000 during the six months ended November 30, 2021.  We have received cumulative distributions from WAVE in excess of our investment balance amounting to $94,836,000, which is shown as a separate liability on our consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2021.  In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we reclassified the negative investment balance to the liabilities section of our consolidated balance sheet.  We will continue to record our equity in the net income of WAVE as a debit to the investment account, and if the investment balance becomes positive, it will again be shown as an asset on our consolidated balance sheet.  If it becomes probable that any excess distribution may not be returned (upon joint venture liquidation or otherwise), we will recognize any negative investment balance classified as a liability as income immediately.

We use the “cumulative earnings” approach for determining cash flow presentation of distributions from our unconsolidated joint ventures.  Distributions received are included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities, unless the cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods that were determined to be returns of investment, exceed our portion of the cumulative equity in the net earnings of the joint venture, in which case the excess distributions are deemed to be returns of the investment and are classified as investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

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The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates as of the dates, and for the periods presented:  

	November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2021
Cash	$	34,797	$	11,651
Other current assets		1,140,126		733,834
Noncurrent assets		365,845		382,585
Total assets	$	1,540,768	$	1,128,070
Current liabilities	$	403,512	$	232,626
Short-term borrowings		2,879		1,155
Current maturities of long-term debt		58,753		30,209
Long-term debt		298,945		311,871
Other noncurrent liabilities		104,418		92,209
Equity		672,261		460,000
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,540,768	$	1,128,070

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	November 30,					November 30,
(in thousands)	2021			2020		2021			2020
Net sales	$	858,165		$	451,198	$	1,603,160		$	856,518
Gross margin		226,502			96,561		416,176			189,610
Operating income		184,779			64,890		330,767			122,843
Depreciation and amortization		7,848			8,672		16,075			16,402
Interest expense (income)		(2,711	)		2,832		(5,172	)		5,777
Income tax expense		8,565			2,322		16,461			4,052
Net earnings		173,915			60,943		312,803			117,516

NOTE E – Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill

(in thousands)	Steel Processing		Consumer Products (1)		Building Products (1)			Sustainable Energy Solutions (1)			Total
Balance at May 31, 2021	$	20,218	$	240,940	$	72,273		$	17,625		$	351,056
Acquisitions and purchase accounting adjustments		24,859		237		-			-			25,096
Translation adjustments		-		-		(4,073	)		(1,888	)		(5,961	)
Balance at November 30, 2021	$	45,077	$	241,177	$	68,200		$	15,737		$	370,191
(1) In connection with the reorganization of the Company's pressure cylinders business, effective June 1, 2021, the goodwill of our former Pressure Cylinders reporting unit was allocated to the new reporting units on a relative fair value basis.  Refer to Note O – Segment Operations for additional information.

There was no goodwill associated with the Other segment at November 30, 2021, or May 31, 2021.  Accumulated goodwill impairment charges within the Other segment totaled $198,290,000 as of November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Fiscal 2022: None.

Fiscal 2021:  During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, we identified an impairment indicator related to the oil & gas equipment operations in Tulsa, Oklahoma due to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related market softness.   As a result, we tested the long-lived assets consisting of fixed assets and customer list intangible assets with net book values of $7,375,000 and

8

$2,374,000, respectively, for impairment.  The fair value of the fixed assets was determined to be $5,934,000 (using observable Level 2 inputs) resulting in an impairment charge of $1,441,000.  Additionally, the customer list intangible assets were deemed to be fully impaired (using unobservable Level 3 inputs) and written off.  

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, management determined indicators of impairment were present with regard to the cryogenics business primarily operated out of Theodore, Alabama with European distribution in Austria.  As a result, property, plant and equipment with a carrying value of $13,526,000 were written down to their estimated fair value of $9,193,000 (determined using Level 2 inputs), resulting in an impairment charge of $4,333,000.  Additionally, the customer list intangible assets with a carrying value of $3,662,000 were deemed to be fully impaired and written off.  The fair value of the customer list intangible assets was determined using unobservable Level 3 inputs.  

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company decided to discontinue its operation of the manufacturing line for alternative fuel cylinders at the Jefferson, Ohio facility.  As a result, long-lived assets with a carrying value of $1,823,000 were written down to their estimated fair market value of $400,000 (determined using Level 2 inputs), resulting in an impairment charge of $1,423,000.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company recognized a $506,000 impairment charge related to the Superior Tools business that was acquired as part of Magna Industries, Inc. in fiscal 2019 and subsequently sold.

NOTE F – Restructuring and Other Income, Net

We consider restructuring activities to be programs whereby we fundamentally change our operations, such as closing and consolidating manufacturing facilities or moving manufacturing of a product to another location.  Restructuring activities may also involve substantial realignment of the management structure of a business unit in response to changing market conditions.

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption, in our consolidated statement of earnings for the six months ended November 30, 2021 is summarized below:

	Balance, as of		Expense									Balance, as of
(in thousands)	May 31, 2021		(Income)			Payments			Adjustments			November 30, 2021
Early retirement and severance	$	771	$	(350	)	$	(172	)	$	(55	)	$	194
Facility exit and other costs		449		(449	)		-			-			-
	$	1,220	$	(799	)	$	(172	)	$	(55	)	$	194
Net gain on sale of assets (1)				(12,637	)
Gain on lease buyout (2)				(842	)
Restructuring and other income, net			$	(14,278	)

________________________

⁽¹⁾ The net gain on sale of assets during the six months ended November 30, 2021, resulted primarily from the June 8, 2021, sale of our WSP joint venture’s facility in Canton, Michigan.  In connection with the sale, the Company realized net cash proceeds of $19,850,000 resulting in a pre-tax gain of $12,244,000.

⁽²⁾ On September 10, 2021, the Company executed an agreement to buyout the remaining term of the operating lease at its fabricated products business in Stow, Ohio, for $1,100,000, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $842,000.  This facility was retained in connection with the divestiture of the Company’s former engineered cabs business and has not been operational since June of calendar 2020.

The total liability associated with our restructuring activities as of November 30, 2021 is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.

NOTE G – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Legal Proceedings

We are defendants in certain legal actions.  In the opinion of management, the outcome of these actions, which is not clearly determinable at the present time, would not significantly affect our consolidated financial position or future results of operations.  We also believe that environmental issues will not have a material effect on our capital expenditures, consolidated financial position or future results of operations.

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Voluntary Tank Replacement Program

In February 2019, our former Structural Composites Industries, LLC subsidiary (“SCI”) agreed to participate in a tank replacement program for specific design sizes of SCI’s composite hydrogen fuel tanks, which are integrated into a customer’s hydrogen fuel cells used to fuel material handling equipment, primarily rider pallet jacks in warehouses.  As of November 30, 2021, the Company has a reserve of $4,864,000 for the estimated remaining direct costs related to the replacement program, which are expected to be paid in the next twelve months.  The actual cost incurred by the Company related to this matter may vary from the initial estimate.

NOTE H – Guarantees

We do not have guarantees that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. We had in place $16,837,000 of outstanding stand-by letters of credit issued to third-party service providers at November 30, 2021.  No amounts were drawn against these letters of credit at November 30, 2021.  We are also party to an operating lease for an aircraft in which we have guaranteed a residual value at lease termination.  The maximum obligation under the terms of this guarantee was approximately $18,881,000 at November 30, 2021.

NOTE I – Debt

We maintain a $500,000,000 multi-year revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with a group of lenders.  On August 20, 2021, the Company amended and restated the Credit Facility, extending the final maturity from February 16, 2023 to August 20, 2026 while keeping in place the $500,000,000 aggregate commitments under the Credit Facility. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year.  We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the Daily LIBOR Rate, the Prime Rate of PNC Bank, National Association or the Overnight Bank Funding Rate.  The Credit Facility contains customary LIBOR benchmark replacement language.  The applicable margin is determined by our credit rating.  There were no borrowings or letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility at November 30, 2021.

NOTE J – Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	November 30, 2021									November 30, 2020
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(4,507	)		(365	)	$	(4,872	)	$	(1,027	)		(24	)	$	(1,051	)
Pension liability adjustment		-			-			-			(4	)		-			(4	)
Cash flow hedges		(68,677	)		15,691			(52,986	)		19,540			(4,322	)		15,218
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(73,184	)	$	15,326		$	(57,858	)	$	18,509		$	(4,346	)	$	14,163

	Six Months Ended
	November 30, 2021									November 30, 2020
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax		Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(8,124	)		(723	)	$	(8,847	)	$	6,581		676		$	7,257
Pension liability adjustment		-			-			-			484		(116	)		368
Cash flow hedges		(68,876	)		15,591			(53,285	)		22,793		(5,012	)		17,781
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(77,000	)	$	14,868		$	(62,132	)	$	29,858	$	(4,452	)	$	25,406

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NOTE K – Changes in Equity

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Income (Loss),			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2021	$	282,790		$	45,387		$	1,070,016		$	1,398,193		$	153,502		$	1,551,695
Net earnings		-			-			132,491			132,491			8,984			141,475
Other comprehensive loss		-			(4,274	)		-			(4,274	)		-			(4,274	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(4,091	)		-			-			(4,091	)		-			(4,091	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		89			-			-			89			-			89
Stock-based compensation		6,324			-			-			6,324			-			6,324
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(5,477	)		-			(55,408	)		(60,885	)		-			(60,885	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(14,504	)		(14,504	)		-			(14,504	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(9,197	)		(9,197	)
Balance at August 31, 2021	$	279,635		$	41,113		$	1,132,595		$	1,453,343		$	153,289		$	1,606,632
Net earnings		-			-			110,301			110,301			2,884			113,185
Other comprehensive loss		-			(57,858	)		-			(57,858	)		-			(57,858	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(2,694	)		-			-			(2,694	)		-			(2,694	)
Common shares in NQ plans		257			-			-			257			-			257
Stock-based compensation		3,304			-			-			3,304			-			3,304
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(1,297	)		-			(11,405	)		(12,702	)		-			(12,702	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(14,154	)		(14,154	)		-			(14,154	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(2,879	)		(2,879	)
Balance at November 30, 2021	$	279,205		$	(16,745	)	$	1,217,337		$	1,479,797		$	153,294		$	1,633,091

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	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Loss,			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2020	$	283,776		$	(35,217	)	$	572,262		$	820,821		$	145,612		$	966,433
Net earnings		-			-			616,675			616,675			2,063			618,738
Other comprehensive income		-			11,242			-			11,242			-			11,242
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(1,150	)		-			-			(1,150	)		-			(1,150	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		90			-			-			90			-			90
Stock-based compensation		3,022			-			-			3,022			-			3,022
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(7,536	)		-			(46,784	)		(54,320	)		-			(54,320	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,595	)		(13,595	)		-			(13,595	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(560	)		(560	)
Balance at August 31, 2020	$	278,202		$	(23,975	)	$	1,128,558		$	1,382,785		$	147,115		$	1,529,900
Net earnings (loss)		-			-			(74,044	)		(74,044	)		5,532			(68,512	)
Other comprehensive income		-			14,163			-			14,163			-			14,163
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		2,294			-			-			2,294			-			2,294
Common shares in NQ plans		292			-			-			292			-			292
Stock-based compensation		3,499			-			-			3,499			-			3,499
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(4,486	)		-			(34,077	)		(38,563	)		-			(38,563	)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture		-			-			-			-			925			925
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,527	)		(13,527	)		-			(13,527	)
Balance at November 30, 2020	$	279,801		$	(9,812	)	$	1,006,910		$	1,276,899		$	153,572		$	1,430,471

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The following tables summarize the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented:

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
(in thousands)	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Income (Loss)
Balance as of May 31, 2021	$	1,779		$	(15,955	)	$	59,563		$	45,387
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(8,124	)		-			14,279			6,155
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			(83,155	)		(83,155	)
Income tax effect		(723	)		-			15,591			14,868
Balance as of November 30, 2021	$	(7,068	)	$	(15,955	)	$	6,278		$	(16,745	)

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
(in thousands)	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Loss
Balance as of May 31, 2020	$	(9,142	)	$	(21,886	)	$	(4,189	)	$	(35,217	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		6,581			484			16,765			23,830
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			6,028			6,028
Income tax effect		676			(116	)		(5,013	)		(4,453	)
Balance as of November 30, 2020	$	(1,885	)	$	(21,518	)	$	13,591		$	(9,812	)

(a) The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net earnings for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

NOTE L – Stock-Based Compensation

Non-Qualified Stock Options

During the six months ended November 30, 2021, we granted non-qualified stock options covering a total of 54,500 common shares under our stock-based compensation plans.  The weighted average exercise price of $60.19 per share was equal to the market price of the underlying common shares at the grant date.  The fair value of these stock options, based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, calculated at the grant date, was $19.73 per share.  The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these stock options is $1,075,080 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures.  The following assumptions were used to value these stock options:

Dividend yield	2.10	%
Expected volatility	41.62	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.11	%
Expected term (years)	6.0

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares and the risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury strip rate for the expected term of the stock options.  The expected term was developed using historical exercise experience.

Service-Based Restricted Common Shares

During the six months ended November 30, 2021, we granted an aggregate of 154,050 service-based restricted common shares under our stock-based compensation plans, which generally vest three years after their grant date.  The fair value of these restricted common shares was equal to the closing market price of the underlying common shares on the date of grant, or $58.11 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these restricted common shares is $9,048,253 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year service-based vesting period.

Performance Share Awards

We have awarded performance shares to certain key employees under our stock-based compensation plans.  These performance shares are earned based on the level of achievement with respect to corporate targets for cumulative corporate economic value added, earnings per share growth and, in the case of business unit executives, a business unit adjusted earnings before interest and taxes

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target, in each case for the three-year periods ending May 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024.  These performance share awards will be paid, to the extent earned, in common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. in the fiscal quarter following the end of the applicable three-year performance period.  The fair values of our performance shares are determined by the closing market prices of the underlying common shares at the respective grant dates of the performance shares and the pre-tax stock-based compensation expense is based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved and our estimate of the number of common shares that will ultimately be issued.  During the six months ended November 30, 2021, we granted performance share awards covering an aggregate of 36,400 common shares (at target levels).  The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these performance shares is $2,191,000. The ultimate pre-tax stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the three-year performance period on all tranches will vary based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the target being achieved.  

NOTE M – Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020 reflected estimated annual effective income tax rates of 22.8% and 21.5%, respectively. The annual effective income tax rates exclude any impact from the inclusion of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are primarily a result of our Samuel, Spartan, TWB and WSP consolidated joint ventures. The net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests in Samuel, Spartan, TWB and WSP’s U.S. operations do not generate tax expense to Worthington since the investors in Samuel, Spartan, TWB and WSP’s U.S. operations are taxed directly based on the earnings attributable to them. The tax expense of TWB’s wholly-owned foreign corporations is reported in our consolidated income tax expense. Management is required to estimate the annual effective income tax rate based upon its forecast of annual pre-tax income for domestic and foreign operations. Our actual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2022 could be materially different from the forecasted rate as of November 30, 2021.    

NOTE N – Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	November 30,					November 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2021		2020			2021		2020
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest -
income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	110,301	$	(74,044	)	$	242,792	$	542,631
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to
controlling interest - weighted average common shares		50,381		52,988			50,618		53,532
Effect of dilutive securities		833		-			914		907
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to
controlling interest - adjusted weighted average common shares		51,214		52,988			51,532		54,439
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.19	$	(1.40	)	$	4.80	$	10.14
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.15	$	(1.40	)	$	4.71	$	9.97

Stock options covering an aggregate of 54,500 common shares for the three months ended November 30, 2021 have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive for the period.  All potential diluted shares (stock options and restricted common shares covering an aggregate of 1,030,835 common shares) have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share for the three months ended November 30, 2020, because the effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the overall net loss for the period.  Stock options covering an aggregate of 47,352 and 492,011 common shares for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

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NOTE O – Segment Operations

Segment information is prepared on the same basis that our management reviews financial information for operational decision-making purposes. Factors used to identify reportable operating segments include the nature of the products and services provided by each business, the management reporting structure, similarity of economic characteristics and certain quantitative measures, as prescribed by authoritative accounting guidance.  

Effective June 1, 2021, we reorganized the management structure of our Pressure Cylinders business to better align around the end markets which it served, resulting in three new reportable operating segments: Consumer Products, Building Products and Sustainable Energy Solutions.  Our Steel Processing operating segment was not impacted by these changes.  A discussion of each of these new reportable segments is included below.

Consumer Products: This reportable segment is comprised of brands that offer market-leading products in the tools, outdoor living and celebrations end markets with brands that include Coleman®, Bernzomatic®, Balloon Time®, Mag Torch®, General®, Garden-Weasel®, Pactool International®, Hawkeye™ and Worthington Pro-Grade™.  This market sector includes propane-filled cylinders for torches, camping stoves and other applications, certain propane gas (LPG) cylinders, hand-held torches, Balloon Time® helium-filled balloon kits, and specialized hand tools and instruments.  These products are sold primarily to mass merchandisers, retailers and distributors. LPG cylinders, which hold fuel for barbeque grills and recreational vehicle equipment, are also sold through cylinder exchangers.

Building Products: This reportable segment includes refrigerant and LPG cylinders, well water and expansion tanks, and other specialty products. Cylinders are generally sold to gas producers and distributors. Refrigerant gas cylinders are used to hold refrigerant gases for commercial, residential, and automotive air conditioning and refrigeration systems. LPG cylinders hold fuel for residential and light commercial heating systems, industrial forklifts and commercial/residential cooking (the latter, generally outside North America).Well water tanks and expansion tanks are used in the residential market with the latter also sold into commercial markets.  Specialty products include a variety of fire suppression and chemical tanks.  

Sustainable Energy Solutions: This reportable segment, which is primarily based in Europe, includes on-board fueling systems and services, as well as gas containment solutions and services for storage, transport and distribution of industrial gases.  It includes high pressure and acetylene cylinders for life support cylinders and alternative fuel cylinders used to hold compressed natural gas (CNG) and hydrogen for automobiles, buses, and light-duty trucks.

Other:  Divested businesses historically reported within Pressure Cylinders but no longer included in the Company’s management structure are presented within the “Other” category, on a historical basis, through the date of disposal.  For the periods presented, these include the following:  Structural Composites Industries, LLC (until March 2021); Oil & Gas Equipment (until January 2021); and Cryogenic Storage and Cryo-Science (until October 2020). The Other category also includes the results of our former Engineered Cabs operating segment, on a historical basis, through the date of disposition (November 1, 2019) as well as certain income and expense items not allocated to our operating segments.

Prior period financial information has been revised to reflect the operating results and financial position of the new reportable operating segments. Historical financial information presented herein reflects this change.

Concurrent with the change in management structure described above, the profit measure that the Company’s CODM uses to assess segment performance and allocate resources was changed from operating income to adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes (“EBIT”).  In general, adjusted EBIT excludes impairment and restructuring charges (gains), but may also exclude other items that management believes are not reflective of, and thus should not be included when evaluating, the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations. Adjusted EBIT is a non-GAAP measure and is used by management to evaluate segment performance, engage in financial and operational planning and determine incentive compensation because we believe that this measure provides additional perspective and, in some circumstances is more closely correlated to, the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations.

For the periods presented, equity income from our unconsolidated joint ventures is included in the measurement of segment profit as shown in the table below.  The related investment balances are included in segment net assets in the same manner.

Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in Segment Profit
Steel Processing	Consumer Products	Building Products	Sustainable Energy Solutions	Other
Serviacero Worthington	N/A	WAVE	N/A	Cabs
		ClarkDietrich		ArtiFlex

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The following table presents summarized financial information for our reportable segments for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended November 30, 2021
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products		Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	937,842		$	140,793	$	121,125	$	33,101	$	-		$	1,232,861
Restructuring and other income, net (1)		(182	)		-		-		-		(1,822	)		(2,004	)
Miscellaneous income, net		17			159		218		82		564			1,040
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		8,823			-		49,894		-		1,501			60,218
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes		71,925			17,584		54,718		796		1,893			146,916

	Three Months Ended November 30, 2020
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products			Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	468,723		$	117,513		$	93,989	$	34,023	$	16,844		$	731,092
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			-			-		-		3,815			3,815
Restructuring and other expense, net (1)		375			120			-		-		7,101			7,596
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			-			-		-		4,570			4,570
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		(5	)		(96	)		70		69		338			376
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		1,861			-			22,692		-		1,078			25,631
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		34,381			17,432			25,964		1,534		(5,633	)		73,678

⁽¹⁾ Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $81 and $(142) for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

	Six Months Ended November 30, 2021
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products		Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions			Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	1,760,652		$	288,576	$	235,868	$	58,583		$	-		$	2,343,679
Restructuring and other income, net (2)		(12,313	)		-		-		(143	)		(1,822	)		(14,278	)
Miscellaneous income, net		47			209		144		22			1,248			1,670
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		18,172			-		92,887		-			2,075			113,134
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		179,617			38,140		103,471		(1,760	)		1,479			320,947

	Six Months Ended November 30, 2020
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products			Building Products			Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	899,743		$	251,135		$	182,092		$	61,880	$	39,151		$	1,434,001
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			506			1,423			-		11,810			13,739
Restructuring and other expense, net (2)		1,846			120			-			-		7,478			9,444
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			-			-			-		54,081			54,081
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		(48	)		(117	)		(92	)		151		933			827
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		3,170			-			45,243			-		852			49,265
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		48,557			41,341			49,337			973		(13,461	)		126,747
(2) Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $6,027 and $(257) for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

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Total assets for each of our reportable segments as of the dates indicated were as follows:

	November 30,		May 31,
	2021		2021
Total assets
Steel Processing	$	1,858,313	$	1,359,598
Consumer Products		547,132		541,028
Building Products		615,755		664,113
Sustainable Energy Solutions		118,834		169,550
Other		377,598		638,956
Total assets	$	3,517,632	$	3,373,245

NOTE P – Acquisitions

Shiloh Industries’ U.S. BlankLight®

On June 8, 2021, the Company’s Steel Processing reportable operating segment, along with the Company’s 55% consolidated joint venture TWB Company, L.L.C. (“TWB”), acquired certain assets of the Shiloh Industries’ U.S. BlankLight® business (“Shiloh”), a provider of laser welded solutions. The purchase price for the acquisition was cash consideration of approximately $104,750,000, subject to closing adjustments.  The Shiloh business is being primarily operated by TWB and as part of the Steel Processing segment and its operating results have been included in the Company’s consolidated statement of earnings since the date of acquisition.  Proforma results, including the acquired business since the beginning of fiscal 2021, would not be materially different than the reported results.  

The acquisition consisted of three laser welding facilities that are being operated as part of our TWB joint venture and one blanking facility that is operated as part of our core Steel Processing operations. Approximately $20,000,000 of the total goodwill relates to TWB, which will be treated as a separate reporting unit for purposes of goodwill impairment testing going forward.

The information included herein has been based on the preliminary allocation of the purchase price using estimates of the fair value and useful lives of the assets acquired.  The purchase price allocation is subject to further adjustment until all pertinent information regarding the assets acquired is fully evaluated by the Company, including but not limited to, the fair value accounting.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, with goodwill representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired.  In connection with the acquisition of Shiloh, the Company identified and valued the following intangible assets:

(in thousands)
Category	Amount		Useful Life (Years)
Customer relationships	$	34,500	15-20
Non-compete agreement		290		3
In-process research & development		1,300	Indefinite
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$	36,090

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The purchase price includes the fair values of other assets that were not identifiable, not separately recognizable under accounting rules (e.g., assembled workforce) or of immaterial value.  The purchase price also includes strategic and synergistic benefits (investment value) specific to us, which resulted in a purchase price in excess of the fair value of the identifiable net assets.  This additional investment value resulted in goodwill which will be deductible by the Company for income tax purposes.  

The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.  These amounts reflect various preliminary fair value estimates and assumptions, including preliminary work performed by a third-party valuation specialist, and are subject to change within the measurement period as the valuation if finalized.  The primary areas of preliminary purchase price allocation subject to change relate to the valuation of acquired tangible assets and liabilities, identification and valuation of residual goodwill and tax effects of acquired assets and assumed liabilities.

(in thousands)	Preliminary Valuation			Measurement Period Adjustments			Revised Valuation
Accounts receivable	$	44,191		$	-		$	44,191
Inventories		13,971			-			13,971
Property, plant and equipment		30,461			-			30,461
Intangible assets		34,280			1,810			36,090
Operating lease assets		59,905			-			59,905
Total identifiable assets		182,808			1,810			184,618
Accounts payable		(44,822	)		-			(44,822	)
Current operating lease liabilities		(1,555	)		-			(1,555	)
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		(58,350	)		-			(58,350	)
Net identifiable assets		78,081			1,810			79,891
Goodwill		26,669			(1,810	)		24,859
Purchase price	$	104,750		$	-		$	104,750

NOTE Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We utilize derivative financial instruments to primarily manage exposure to certain risks related to our ongoing operations.  The primary risks managed through the use of derivative instruments include interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity price risk.  While certain of our derivative instruments are designated as hedging instruments, we also enter into derivative instruments that are designed to hedge a risk, but are not designated as hedging instruments and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting.  These derivative instruments are adjusted to current fair value through earnings (loss) at the end of each period.

Interest Rate Risk Management – We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes.  Our objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on cash flows and the market value of our borrowings.  We utilize a mix of debt maturities along with both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt to manage changes in interest rates.  In addition, we enter into interest rate swaps and treasury locks to further manage our exposure to interest rate variations related to our borrowings and to lower our overall borrowing costs.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk Management – We conduct business in several major international currencies and are, therefore, subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates.  We enter into various contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change to manage this exposure.  Such contracts limit exposure to both favorable and unfavorable currency exchange rate fluctuations.  The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars also subjects us to exposure related to fluctuating currency exchange rates; however, derivative instruments are not used to manage this risk.

Commodity Price Risk Management – We are exposed to changes in the price of certain commodities, including steel, natural gas, zinc and other raw materials, and our utility requirements.  Our objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with forecasted purchases and sales of these commodities to allow management to focus its attention on business operations.  Accordingly, we enter into derivative contracts to manage the associated price risk.

We are exposed to counterparty credit risk on all of our derivative instruments.  Accordingly, we have established and maintain strict counterparty credit guidelines. We have credit support agreements in place with certain counterparties to limit our credit exposure.  These agreements require either party to post cash collateral if its cumulative market position exceeds a predefined liability threshold.  Amounts posted to the margin accounts accrue interest at market rates and are required to be refunded in the period in

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which the cumulative market position falls below the required threshold.  We do not have significant exposure to any one counterparty, and management believes the overall risk of loss is remote and, in any event, would not be material.

Refer to "NOTE R – Fair Value" for additional information regarding the accounting treatment for our derivative instruments, as well as how fair value is determined.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2021:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	660	Accounts payable	$	6,207
	Other assets		-	Other liabilities		1,068
Total		$	660		$	7,275
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	8,555	Accounts payable	$	6,916
	Other assets		313	Other liabilities		545
			8,868			7,461
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Other assets		60	Accounts payable		390
Total			8,928			7,851
Total derivative instruments		$	9,588		$	15,126

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments on a net basis where allowable under master netting arrangements. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been a $15,660,000 increase in “Receivables” with a corresponding increase in “Accounts payable”.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at May 31, 2021:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	53,125	Accounts payable	$	-
	Other assets		23	Other liabilities		111
Total		$	53,148		$	111
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	24,621	Accounts payable	$	14,554
	Other assets		379	Other liabilities		-
			25,000			14,554
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-	Accounts payable		532
Total		$	25,000		$	15,086
Total derivative instruments		$	78,148		$	15,197

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments on a net basis where allowable under master netting arrangements. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been a $16,594,000 increase in “Receivables” with a corresponding increase in “Accounts payable”.

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Cash Flow Hedges

We enter into derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows attributable to commodity price fluctuations associated with certain forecasted transactions.  These derivative instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges.  The earnings effects of these derivative instruments are presented in the same statement of earnings line items as the earnings effects of the hedged items.  For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the Company assesses hedge effectiveness both at the onset of the hedge and at regular intervals throughout the life of the derivative instruments.

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at November 30, 2021:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount		Maturity Date
Commodity contracts	$	221,292	December 2021 - December 2022
Foreign currency exchange contracts		6,082	December 2021 - March 2023

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into net earnings (loss) for derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

(in thousands)	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI			Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings
For the three months ended November 30, 2021:
Commodity contracts	$	(21,002	)	Cost of goods sold	$	47,706
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		27
Foreign currency exchange contracts		60		Miscellaneous income, net		3
Total	$	(20,942	)		$	47,736
For the three months ended November 30, 2020:
Commodity contracts	$	16,381		Cost of goods sold	$	(2,690	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(470	)
Total	$	16,381			$	(3,160	)
For the six months ended November 30, 2021:
Commodity contracts	$	14,218		Cost of goods sold	$	83,165
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(13	)
Foreign currency exchange contracts		61		Miscellaneous income, net		3
Total	$	14,279			$	83,155
For the six months ended November 30, 2020:
Commodity contracts	$	16,765		Cost of goods sold	$	(5,331	)
Interest rate contracts	-			Interest expense		(697	)
Total	$	16,765			$	(6,028	)

The estimated net amount of the gains recognized in AOCI at November 30, 2021 expected to be reclassified into net earnings within the succeeding twelve months is $6,192,000 (net of tax of $2,798,000).  This amount was computed using the fair value of the cash flow hedges at November 30, 2021, and will change before actual reclassification from OCI to net earnings during the fiscal years ending May 31, 2022 and May 31, 2023.

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Economic (Non-designated) Hedges

We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage our foreign currency exchange rate exposure related to inter-company and financing transactions that do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment.  We also enter into certain commodity contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.  Accordingly, these derivative instruments are adjusted to current market value at the end of each period through earnings (loss).

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative instruments outstanding at November 30, 2021:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount			Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	119,233		December 2021 - August 2023
Foreign currency exchange contracts		(7,189	)	December 2021 - July 2022

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		In Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Three Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2021			2020
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(10,135	)	$	8,905
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(588	)		1
Total		$	(10,723	)	$	8,906

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		in Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2021			2020
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(19,392	)	$	12,198
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(249	)		(73	)
Total		$	(19,641	)	$	12,125

NOTE R – Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  Fair value is an exit price concept that assumes an orderly transaction between willing market participants and is required to be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability.  Current accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy as a basis for considering such assumptions and for classifying the inputs used in the valuation methodologies.  This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  The three levels of inputs used to measure fair values are as follows:

Level 1 – Observable prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets and liabilities, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

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Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At November 30, 2021, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	9,588	$	-	$	9,588
Total assets	$	-	$	9,588	$	-	$	9,588
Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	15,126	$	-	$	15,126
Total liabilities	$	-	$	15,126	$	-	$	15,126

At May 31, 2021, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	78,148	$	-	$	78,148
Total assets	$	-	$	78,148	$	-	$	78,148
Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	15,197	$	-	$	15,197
Total liabilities	$	-	$	15,197	$	-	$	15,197

(1) The fair value of our derivative instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities.  Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows.  Refer to “NOTE Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative instruments.

The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments included in the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, income taxes receivable, other assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes, other accrued items, income taxes payable and other liabilities approximate carrying value due to their short-term nature.  The fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities, based upon models utilizing market observable (Level 2) inputs and credit risk, was $771,923,000 and $792,632,000 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively.  The carrying amount of long-term debt, including current maturities, was $702,172,000 and $710,489,000 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively.

NOTE S – Subsequent Events

On November 1, 2021, the Company signed an agreement to acquire all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Tempel Steel Company (“Tempel”), effective December 1, 2021. The purchase price, after adjustments for preliminary working capital and closing cash, was $275 million plus the assumption of certain long-term liabilities and was funded primarily with cash on hand and some borrowing from the Company’s lines of credit.  Tempel is a leading manufacturer of precision motor and transformer laminations for the electrical steel market and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, with additional manufacturing locations in Burlington, Canada, Changzhou, China, Chennai, India and Monterrey, Mexico. The acquired business will be operated as part of our Steel Processing segment.

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Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Selected statements contained in this “Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” constitute “forward-looking statements” as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based, in whole or in part, on management’s beliefs, estimates, assumptions and currently available information. For a more detailed discussion of what constitutes a forward-looking statement and of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements, please refer to the “Safe Harbor Statement” in the beginning of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) and “Part I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 (“fiscal 2021”) of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “Form 10-K”).

Unless otherwise indicated, all Note references contained in this Part I – Item 2. refer to the Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Part I – Item 1. – Financial Statements” of this Form 10-Q.

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis of market and industry trends, business developments, and the results of operations and financial position of Worthington Industries, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “our,” “Worthington,” or the “Company”), should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in “Part I – Item 1. – Financial Statements” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  The Form 10-K includes additional information about Worthington, our operations and our consolidated financial position and should be read in conjunction with this Form 10-Q.

Our operations are managed principally on a products and services basis.  Segment information is prepared on the same basis that our management reviews financial information for operational decision-making purposes. Factors used to identify reportable operating segments include the nature of the products and services provided by each business, the management reporting structure, the similarity of economic characteristics and certain quantitative measures, as prescribed by authoritative accounting guidance.  

Effective June 1, 2021, we reorganized the management structure of our Pressure Cylinders business to better align around the end markets which it served.  As a result, these operations have been redefined under three new reportable operating segments: Consumer Products, Building Products and Sustainable Energy Solutions. These new reportable segments are in addition to our Steel Processing operating segment.  Concurrent with the change in reportable operating segments, we revised our prior period financial information to reflect comparable information for the new segment structure.  A discussion of each of these new reportable operating segments is included below:

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Reportable Segments	Description
Consumer Products	The Consumer Products reportable segment is comprised of brands that offer market-leading products in the tools, outdoor living and celebrations end markets with brands that include Coleman®, Bernzomatic®, Balloon Time®, Mag Torch®, General®, Garden-Weasel®, Pactool International®, Hawkeye™ and Worthington Pro-Grade™.  This market sector includes propane-filled cylinders for torches, camping stoves and other applications, certain propane gas (LPG) cylinders, hand-held torches, Balloon Time® helium-filled balloon kits, and specialized hand tools and instruments.  These products are sold primarily to mass merchandisers, retailers and distributors. LPG cylinders, which hold fuel for barbeque grills and recreational vehicle equipment, are also sold through cylinder exchangers.
Building Products	The Building Products reportable segment includes refrigerant and LPG cylinders, well water and expansion tanks, and other specialty products. Cylinders in this market sector are generally sold to gas producers, and distributors. Refrigerant gas cylinders are used to hold refrigerant gases for commercial, residential, and automotive air conditioning and refrigeration systems. LPG cylinders hold fuel for residential and light commercial heating systems, industrial forklifts and commercial/residential cooking (the latter, generally outside North America).Well water tanks and expansion tanks are used in the residential market with the latter also sold into commercial markets. Specialty products include a variety of fire suppression and chemical tanks.
Sustainable Energy Solutions	The Sustainable Energy Solutions reportable segment, which is primarily based in Europe, includes on-board fueling systems and services, as well as gas containment solutions and services for storage, transport and distribution of industrial gases.  It includes high pressure and acetylene cylinders for life support cylinders and alternative fuel cylinders used to hold compressed natural gas (CNG) and hydrogen for automobiles, buses, and light-duty trucks.
Other	Divested businesses historically reported within Pressure Cylinders but no longer included in the Company’s management structure are presented within the "Other" category, on a historical basis, through the date of disposal.  For the periods presented, these include the following:  Structural Composites Industries, LLC (until March 2021); Oil & Gas Equipment (until January 2021); and Cryogenic Storage and Cryo-Science (until October 2020). The Other category also includes the results of our former Engineered Cabs operating segment, on a historical basis, through the date of disposition (November 1, 2019) as well as certain income and expense items not allocated to our operating segments.

As of November 30, 2021, we held equity positions in nine joint ventures.  Four of these joint ventures are consolidated within the Steel Processing segment with the equity owned by the other joint venture member(s) shown as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets, and their portions of net earnings and other comprehensive income shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings (loss) and consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), respectively.  The remaining five of our joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method.

Recent Business Developments

• On June 8, 2021, the Company acquired certain assets of the Shiloh Industries U.S. BlankLight® business, a provider of laser welded solutions, for approximately $104.8 million, subject to closing adjustments. The acquisition included three facilities that will expand the capacity and capabilities of TWB’s laser welded products business and an additional blanking facility that will support the Company’s core steel processing operations.

• On June 9, 2021, the Company’s consolidated joint venture, WSP, sold the remaining assets of its Canton, Michigan, facility for approximately $20 million, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $12.1 million within restructuring and other (income) expense, net. WSP continues to operate locations in Jackson and Taylor, Michigan.

• On August 20, 2021, the Company amended and restated its existing multi-year, revolving credit facility, extending the final maturity to August 20, 2026.  The aggregate commitments available under the amended and restated revolving credit facility remain at $500 million.  

• On December 1, 2021, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Tempel Steel Company (“Tempel”), a leading manufacturer of precision motor and transformer laminations for the electrical steel market.  The purchase price consisted of cash consideration of approximately $275 million, after adjustments for estimated excess working capital and closing cash, plus the assumption of certain long-term liabilities.  The purchase price is subject to post-closing

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adjustments and was funded primarily with existing cash and some borrowing from our lines of credit.  Tempel, which will operate as part of the Company’s Steel Processing business segment, employs approximately 1,500 people and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, with additional manufacturing locations in Burlington, Canada, Changzhou, China, Chennai, India and Monterrey, Mexico.  

• During the first six months of fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased a total of 1,235,000 of its common shares for $73.6 million, at an average purchase price of $59.57.

• On December 16, 2021, the Worthington Industries Inc. Board of Directors (the “Worthington Industries Board”) declared a quarterly dividend of $0.28 per share payable on March 29, 2022, to shareholders of record on March 15, 2022.

Market & Industry Overview

We sell our products and services to a diverse customer base and a broad range of end markets.  The breakdown of net sales by end market for the second quarter of each of fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021 is illustrated in the following chart:

The automotive industry is one of the largest consumers of flat-rolled steel, and thus the largest end market for our Steel Processing operating segment.  Approximately 52% of Steel Processing’s net sales are to the automotive market.  North American vehicle production, primarily by Ford, General Motors and Stellantis (the “Detroit Three automakers”), has a considerable impact on the activity within this operating segment.  The majority of the net sales of two of our unconsolidated joint ventures, Serviacero Worthington and ArtiFlex, are also to the automotive market.

Approximately 22% of the net sales of our Steel Processing operating segment are to the construction market.  The construction market is also the predominant end market for two of our unconsolidated joint ventures: WAVE and ClarkDietrich.  While the market price of steel significantly impacts these businesses, there are other key indicators that are meaningful in analyzing construction market demand, including U.S. gross domestic product (“GDP”), the Dodge Index of construction contracts and, in the case of ClarkDietrich, trends in the relative price of framing lumber and steel.

Substantially all of the net sales of our Consumer Products, Building Products, and Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segments, and approximately 26% of the net sales of our Steel Processing operating segment, are to other markets such as agricultural, appliance, consumer products, heavy truck, industrial products, lawn and garden, and sustainable energy.  Given the many different products that make up these net sales and the wide variety of end markets, it is very difficult to detail the key market indicators that drive these portions of our business.  However, we believe that the trend in U.S. GDP growth is a good economic indicator for analyzing the demand of these end markets.

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We use the following information to monitor our costs and demand in our major end markets:

	Three Months Ended									Six Months Ended
	November 30,									November 30,
	2021			2020			Inc / (Dec)			2021			2020			Inc / (Dec)
U.S. GDP (% growth (decline) year-over-year) 1		7.2	%		(3.0	%)		10.2	%		7.7	%		(3.4	%)		11.1	%
Hot-Rolled Steel ($ per ton) 2	$	1,888		$	625		$	1,263		$	1,825		$	550		$	1,275
Detroit Three Auto Build (000's vehicles) 3		1,481			1,868			(387	)		2,856			3,718			(862	)
No. America Auto Build (000's vehicles) 3		3,170			4,076			(906	)		6,413			7,834			(1,421	)
Zinc ($ per pound) 4	$	1.46		$	1.11		$	0.35		$	1.41		$	1.03		$	0.38
Natural Gas ($ per mcf) 5	$	5.26		$	2.64		$	2.62		$	4.47		$	2.28		$	2.19
On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices ($ per gallon) 6	$	3.57		$	2.41		$	1.16		$	3.45		$	2.42		$	1.03

¹ 2020 figures based on revised actuals ²CRU Hot-Rolled Index; period average ³IHS Global ⁴LME Zinc; period average ⁵NYMEX Henry Hub Natural Gas; period average ⁶Energy Information Administration; period average

U.S. GDP growth rate trends are generally indicative of the strength in demand and, in many cases, pricing for our products.  A year-over-year increase in U.S. GDP growth rates is indicative of a stronger economy, which generally increases demand and pricing for our products.  Conversely, decreasing U.S. GDP growth rates generally indicate a weaker economy.  Changes in U.S. GDP growth rates can also signal changes in conversion costs related to production and in selling, general and administrative expense.

The market price of hot-rolled steel is one of the most significant factors impacting our selling prices and operating results.  When steel prices fall, we typically have higher-priced material flowing through cost of goods sold, while selling prices compress to what the market will bear, negatively impacting our results.  On the other hand, in a rising price environment, our results are generally favorably impacted, as lower-priced material purchased in previous periods flows through cost of goods sold, while our selling prices increase at a faster pace to cover current replacement costs.  Based on the recent decline in steel prices, we expect to have meaningful inventory holding losses in the third quarter of fiscal 2022.

The following table presents the average quarterly market price per ton of hot-rolled steel during fiscal 2022 (first and second quarters), fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020:

	Fiscal Year
(Dollars per ton 1 )	2022		2021		2020
1st Quarter	$	1,762	$	475	$	564
2nd Quarter	$	1,888	$	625	$	526
3rd Quarter	N/A		$	1,016	$	571
4th Quarter	N/A		$	1,358	$	527
Annual Avg.	$	1,825	$	869	$	547

¹ CRU Hot-Rolled Index; period average

Sales to one Steel Processing customer in the automotive industry represented 15.6% and 13.8% of consolidated net sales during the second quarter of fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively.  While our automotive business is largely driven by the production schedules of the Detroit Three automakers, our customer base is much broader and includes other domestic manufacturers and many of their suppliers.  During the second quarter of fiscal 2022, vehicle production for the Detroit Three automakers was down 21% from the first quarter of fiscal 2021, while North American vehicle production as a whole was down 22%.

Certain other commodities, such as zinc, natural gas and diesel fuel, represent a significant portion of our cost of goods sold, both directly through our plant operations and indirectly through transportation and freight expense.

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Results of Operations

Second Quarter – Fiscal 2022 Compared to Fiscal 2021

The following discussion provides a review of results for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020.

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
(Dollars in millions)	2021		2020			Increase/ (Decrease)
Net sales	$	1,232.8	$	731.1		$	501.7
Operating income		90.5		37.4			53.1
Equity income		60.2		25.6			34.6
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest		110.3		(74.0	)		184.3
Earnings (loss) per diluted share attributable to controlling interest		2.15		(1.40	)		3.55

Net Sales and Volume

The following table provides the percentage of net sales by reportable operating segment for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020.

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2021		Net sales			2020		Net sales			(Decrease)
Steel Processing	$	937.8		76.1	%	$	468.7		64.1	%	$	469.1
Consumer Products		140.8		11.4	%		117.5		16.1	%		23.3
Building Products		121.1		9.8	%		94.0		12.9	%		27.1
Sustainable Energy Solutions		33.1		2.7	%		34.0		4.7	%		(0.9	)
Other		-		0.0	%		16.9		2.3	%		(16.9	)
Consolidated Net Sales	$	1,232.8		100.0	%	$	731.1		100.0	%	$	501.7

The following table provides volume by reportable business segment for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020.

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
					Increase/
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Steel Processing (Tons)		1,067,589		1,023,979		43,610
Consumer Products (Units)		18,698,589		16,657,815		2,040,774
Building Products (Units)		2,565,025		2,264,576		300,449
Sustainable Energy Solutions (Units)		155,001		247,289		(92,288	)
Other (Units)		-		11,066		(11,066	)

• Steel Processing – Net sales almost doubled over the prior year quarter to $937.8 million.  The increase was driven by higher

average selling prices and, to a lesser extent, contributions from the acquisition of the Shiloh Industries U.S. BlankLight® business on June 8, 2021.

• Consumer Products – Net sales increased 19.8%, or $23.3 million, over the prior year quarter.  The increase was driven primarily by the acquisition of General Tools & Instruments Company LLC in the third quarter of fiscal 2021, and to a lesser extent, higher average selling prices.

• Building Products – Net sales increased 28.8%, or $27.1 million, over the prior year quarter. The increase was driven by higher average selling prices ($21.8 million) and higher volume ($11.9 million), partially offset by an unfavorable shift in product mix. Volume in the prior year quarter was at depressed levels due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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• Sustainable Energy Solutions – Net sales decreased $0.9 million, or 2.7%, from the prior year quarter.  The decrease was driven by lower volume, which was negatively impacted by the May 31, 2021 divestiture of the Liquified Petroleum Gas (“LPG”) business in Poland, as well as the ongoing semi-conductor chip shortage.

Gross Margin

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2021		Net sales			2020		Net sales			(Decrease)
Gross Margin	$	184.6		15.0	%	$	135.5		18.5	%	$	49.1

• Gross margin increased $49.1 million over the prior year quarter to $184.6 million.  The improvement over the prior year quarter was primarily due to improved spreads in Steel Processing and, to a lesser extent, higher overall volume across all operating segments except Sustainable Energy Solutions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2021		Net sales			2020		Net sales			(Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative expense	$	96.1		7.8	%	$	82.1		11.2	%	$	14.0

• SG&A expense increased $14.0 million over the prior year quarter.  The increase was driven primarily by higher profit sharing and bonus expense to correspond with the increase in earnings over the prior year quarter.

Other Operating Costs

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
						Increase/
(In millions)	2021			2020		(Decrease)
Impairment of long-lived assets	$	-		$	3.8	$	(3.8	)
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(2.0	)		7.6		(9.6	)
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			4.6		(4.6	)

• There were no impairment charges recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Impairment charges in the prior year quarter related primarily to the Company’s former cryogenics business in Theodore, Alabama, which was sold in October 2020.

• Restructuring activity during the three months ended November 30, 2021 related primarily to the Company’s exit from the former Cabs facility located in Stow, Ohio which generated a pre-tax gain of $1.8 million within restructuring and other (income) expense, net.  Restructuring activity in the prior year quarter primarily resulted from a $7.6 million pre-tax loss within the historical Pressure Cylinders segment on the sale of the former cryogenics business previously operated out of Theodore, Alabama.

• Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains of $4.6 million in the prior year quarter consisted of discretionary profit sharing and bonus expenses related to the Company’s investment in Nikola.

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Equity Income

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
							Increase/
(In millions)	2021			2020			(Decrease)
WAVE	$	22.4		$	17.3		$	5.1
ClarkDietrich		27.5			5.4			22.1
Serviacero Worthington		8.8			1.9			6.9
ArtiFlex		1.8			1.2			0.6
Other		(0.3	)		(0.2	)		(0.1	)
Total Equity Income	$	60.2		$	25.6		$	34.6

• Equity income increased $34.6 million over the prior year quarter to $60.2 million.  The increase was driven by higher contributions from ClarkDietrich, WAVE, and Serviacero Worthington, up a total of $34.1 million due to the favorable actions taken by management to address higher steel prices combined with strong volume. The Company received cash distributions of $28.9 million from unconsolidated joint ventures during the current quarter.

Other Income

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
						Increase/
(In millions)	2021		2020			(Decrease)
Miscellaneous income, net	$	1.0	$	0.4		$	0.6
Gains (loss) on investment in Nikola		-		(143.8	)		143.8

• During the prior year quarter, the Company recognized a pre-tax loss of $143.8 million comprised of mark-to-market losses, resulting from the $20.40 drop in the share price of Nikola common stock during the three months ended November 30, 2020.

Adjusted EBIT

We evaluate segment performance based on adjusted earnings before interest and taxes (“EBIT”).  In general, adjusted EBIT excludes impairment and restructuring charges (gains), but may also exclude other items that management believes are not reflective of, and thus should not be included when evaluating, the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations.  Adjusted EBIT is a non-GAAP measure and is used by management to evaluate segment performance, engage in financial and operational planning and determine incentive compensation because we believe that this measure provides additional perspective and, in some circumstances is more closely correlated to, the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations. Refer to “Note O – Segment Operations” for additional information regarding our reportable operating segments.  

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The following table provides a reconciliation of consolidated net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest to adjusted EBIT for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
(In millions)	2021			2020
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest	$	110.3		$	(74.0	)
Interest expense		7.3			7.5
Income tax expense (benefit)		31.2			(19.4	)
Earnings (loss) before interest and taxes	$	148.8		$	(85.9	)
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			3.8
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net (1)		(1.9	)		7.4
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			4.6
Loss on investment in Nikola		-			143.8
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes (1)	$	146.9		$	73.7
(1) Excludes the impact of the noncontrolling interests.

The following table provides a summary of adjusted EBIT by segment for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
						Increase/
(In millions)	2021		2020			(Decrease)
Steel Processing		71.9		34.4			37.5
Consumer Products		17.6		17.4			0.2
Building Products		54.7		26.0			28.7
Sustainable Energy Solutions		0.8		1.5			(0.7	)
Other		1.9		(5.6	)		7.5
Total Adjusted EBIT	$	146.9	$	73.7			73.2

• Steel Processing – Adjusted EBIT was up $37.5 million over the prior year quarter to $71.9 million on improved operating results and a higher contribution of equity income from Serviacero Worthington, which was up $6.9 million due to the favorable impact of higher steel prices.  Direct spreads in the current quarter benefited from significant inventory holding gains, estimated to be $42.1 million in the current quarter, compared to immaterial inventory holding gains in the prior year quarter, partially offset by a higher gap in the current quarter between the cost of steel and scrap prices.  The mix of direct versus toll tons processed was 47% to 53% in the current quarter, compared to 48% to 52% in the prior year quarter.    

• Consumer Products – Adjusted EBIT was up $0.2 million over the prior year quarter to $17.6 million, as higher material and conversion costs largely offset the impact of higher net sales.

• Building Products – Adjusted EBIT of $54.7 million was $28.7 million more than the prior year quarter, due primarily to higher equity earnings at ClarkDietrich and WAVE, up $27.2 million on strong volume and the favorable impact of higher steel prices.  Operating income was up $1.4 million on the combined impact of higher volume and higher average selling prices, partially offset by an increase in labor and material costs.  Volume in the prior year quarter had been at depressed levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Sustainable Energy Solutions – Adjusted EBIT was $0.8 million compared to $1.5 million in the prior year quarter, on the combined impact of lower volume and an unfavorable product mix.  Both volume and mix in the current quarter were negatively impacted by the effect the ongoing semi-conductor chip shortage had on this segment’s customers in the transportation business.  Volume in the current quarter was also negatively impacted by the May 31, 2021, divestiture of the Liquified Petroleum Gas business in Poland.  This business continues to evolve as it transitions to serve the global hydrogen ecosystem and adjacent sustainable energies.

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Interest Expense

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
					Increase/
(In millions)	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Interest Expense	$	7.3	$	7.5	$	(0.2	)

• Interest expense of $7.3 million for the current quarter was down slightly, compared to $7.5 million in the prior year quarter, primarily due to favorable exchange rates on our euro-denominated debt.

Income Taxes

	Three Months Ended
	November 30,
(In millions)	2021		Effective Tax Rate			2020			Effective Tax Rate			Increase/ (Decrease)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	31.2		22.8	%	$	(19.4	)		21.5	%	$	50.6

• Income tax expense was $31.2 million in the current quarter compared to an income tax benefit of $19.4 million in the prior year quarter.  The change was driven by higher pre-tax earnings in the current quarter and the impact of the unrealized mark-to-market loss related to the Company’s investment in Nikola in the prior year quarter.  Tax expense in the current quarter reflected an estimated annual effective rate of 22.8% compared to 21.5% for the prior year quarter.  For additional information regarding the Company’s income taxes, refer to “NOTE M – Income Taxes”.

Six Months Year-to-date – Fiscal 2022 Compared to Fiscal 2021

The following discussion provides a review of results for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020.

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
(Dollars in millions)	2021		2020		Increase/ (Decrease)
Net sales	$	2,343.7	$	1,434.0	$	909.7
Operating income		226.3		7.3		219.0
Equity income		113.1		49.2		63.9
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest		242.8		542.7		(299.9	)
Earnings per diluted share attributable to controlling interest		4.71		9.97		(5.26	)

Net Sales and Volume

The following table provides the percentage of net sales by reportable operating segment for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020.

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2021		Net sales			2020		Net sales			(Decrease)
Steel Processing	$	1,760.7		75.1	%	$	899.7		62.7	%	$	861.0
Consumer Products		288.6		12.3	%		251.1		17.5	%		37.5
Building Products		235.9		10.1	%		182.1		12.7	%		53.8
Sustainable Energy Solutions		58.6		2.5	%		61.9		4.3	%		(3.3	)
Other		-		0.0	%		39.2		2.7	%		(39.2	)
Consolidated Net Sales	$	2,343.8		100.0	%	$	1,434.0		100.0	%	$	909.8

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The following table provides volume by reportable business segment for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020.

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
					Increase/
	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Steel Processing (Tons)		2,129,877		1,952,423		177,454
Consumer Products (Units)		40,086,729		35,478,377		4,608,352
Building Products (Units)		5,450,736		4,986,611		464,125
Sustainable Energy Solutions (Units)		285,677		437,197		(151,520	)
Other (Units)		-		21,626		(21,626	)

• Steel Processing – Net sales almost doubled over the prior year period to $1,760.7 million. The increase was driven by higher average selling prices, and contributions from the acquisition of the Shiloh Industries U.S. BlankLight® business on June 8, 2021.

• Consumer Products – Net sales increased 14.9%, or $37.5 million, over the prior year period.  The increase was driven primarily by higher volume due, in large part, to the acquisition of General Tools & Instruments Company LLC in the third quarter of fiscal 2021.

• Building Products – Net sales increased 29.5%, or $53.8 million, over the prior year period. The increase was driven by higher average selling prices ($37.8 million) and to a lesser extent higher volume ($16.0 million), which were at depressed levels in the prior year period due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Sustainable Energy Solutions – Net sales decreased $3.3 million, or 5.3%, from the prior year period.  The decrease was driven primarily by lower volume, which was negatively impacted by the May 31, 2021 divestiture of the LPG business in Poland as well as the ongoing semi-conductor chip shortage.

Gross Margin

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2021		Net sales			2020		Net sales			(Decrease)
Gross Margin	$	404.0		17.2	%	$	248.8		17.4	%	$	155.2

• Gross margin increased $155.2 million over the prior year period to $404.0 million.  The improvement over the prior year period was primarily due to improved spreads in Steel Processing and, to a lesser extent, higher overall volume across all operating segments except Sustainable Energy Solutions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
			% of					% of			Increase/
(In millions)	2021		Net sales			2020		Net sales			(Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative expense	$	192.0		8.2	%	$	164.3		11.5	%	$	27.7

• SG&A expense increased $27.7 million over the prior year period.  The increase was driven primarily by higher profit sharing and bonus expense to correspond with the increase in operating income over the prior year period.

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Other Operating Costs

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
						Increase/
(In millions)	2021			2020		(Decrease)
Impairment of long-lived assets	$	-		$	13.7	$	(13.7	)
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(14.3	)		9.4		(23.7	)
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			54.1		(54.1	)

• There were no impairment charges recorded during the current period. Impairment charges in the prior year period related primarily to the write-down of certain assets in the Company’s former cryogenics and oil and gas businesses.

• Restructuring activity during the six months ended November 30, 2021, related primarily to the divestiture of the WSP joint venture’s facilities in Canton, Michigan, which generated a pre-tax gain of $12.1 million within restructuring and other (income) expense, net and our exit from the former Cabs facility located in Stow, Ohio, which generated a pre-tax gain of $1.8 million within restructuring and other (income) expense, net.  Restructuring activity in the prior year period primarily resulted from a $7.1 million pre-tax loss within the historical Pressure Cylinders segment on the sale of the former cryogenics business previously operated out of Theodore, Alabama and severance expense in connection with the reduction in workforce in Steel Processing related to the impact of COVID-19.

• Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains of $54.1 million consisted of $33.5 million of discretionary profit sharing and bonus expenses directly related to the Nikola gains and $20.6 million for the contribution of 500,000 shares of Nikola common stock to the Worthington Industries Foundation.

Equity Income

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
							Increase/
(In millions)	2021			2020			(Decrease)
WAVE	$	48.1		$	35.0		$	13.1
ClarkDietrich		44.8			10.3			34.5
Serviacero Worthington		18.1			3.2			14.9
ArtiFlex		3.0			1.1			1.9
Other		(0.9	)		(0.4	)		(0.5	)
Total Equity Income	$	113.1		$	49.2		$	63.9

• Equity income increased $63.9 million over the prior year period to $113.1 million.  The increase was driven by higher contributions from ClarkDietrich, WAVE, and Serviacero Worthington, up a combined $62.5 million on strong volume and the favorable impact of higher steel prices. The Company received cash distributions of $48.6 million from unconsolidated joint ventures during the current year period.

Other Income

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
					Increase/
(In millions)	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Miscellaneous income, net	$	1.7	$	0.8	$	0.9
Gains on investment in Nikola		-		652.3		(652.3	)

• Gains on investment in Nikola totaled $652.3 million and consisted of $508.5 million of realized gains from the sale and charitable contribution of the Company’s Nikola shares in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 combined with a $143.8 million

33

unrealized gain related to the 7,048,020 shares of Nikola common stock the Company continued to own at November 30, 2020.

Adjusted EBIT

The following table provides a reconciliation of consolidated net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest to adjusted EBIT for the periods presented:

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
(In millions)	2021			2020
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	242.8		$	542.6
Interest expense		15.0			15.1
Income tax expense		71.4			144.3
Earnings before interest and taxes	$	329.2		$	702.0
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			13.7
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net (1)		(8.3	)		9.3
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			54.1
Gains on investment in Nikola		-			(652.4	)
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes (1)	$	320.9		$	126.7
(1) Excludes the impact of the noncontrolling interests.

The following table provides a summary of adjusted EBIT by segment for the periods presented.

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
							Increase/
(In millions)	2021			2020			(Decrease)
Steel Processing	$	179.6		$	48.6		$	131.0
Consumer Products		38.1			41.3			(3.2	)
Building Products		103.5			49.3			54.2
Sustainable Energy Solutions		(1.8	)		1.0			(2.8	)
Other		1.5			(13.5	)		15.0
Total Adjusted EBIT	$	320.9		$	126.7			194.2

• Steel Processing – Adjusted EBIT was up $131.0 million over the prior year period to $179.6 million on improved operating results and a higher contribution of equity income from Serviacero Worthington, which was up $14.9 million due to the favorable impact of higher steel prices.  Direct spreads in the current year period benefited from significant inventory holding gains, estimated to be $89.1 million, compared to inventory holding losses in the prior year period of $6.6 million, partially offset by a higher gap in the current year period between the cost of steel and scrap prices.  The mix of direct versus toll tons processed was 48% to 52% in the current year period, compared to 49% to 51% in the prior year period.    

• Consumer Products – Adjusted EBIT was down $3.2 million over the prior year period to $38.1 million as higher material and conversion costs more than offset the impact of higher net sales.

• Building Products – Adjusted EBIT of $103.5 million was $54.2 million more than the prior year period, due primarily to higher equity earnings at ClarkDietrich and WAVE, up $47.7 million on strong volume and the favorable impact of higher steel prices.  Operating income was up $7.7 million on the combined impact of higher volume and higher average selling prices, partially offset by an increase in labor and material costs.  Volume in the prior year period had been at depressed levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Sustainable Energy Solutions – Adjusted EBIT reflected a loss of $1.8 million, unfavorable by $2.8 million when compared to the prior year period, on the combined impact of lower volume, and an unfavorable product mix.  Both volume and mix in the current period were negatively impacted by the ongoing semi-conductor chip shortage.  Volume in the current period was also negatively impacted by the May 31, 2021, divestiture of the LPG business in Poland.   

34

Interest Expense

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
					Increase/
(In millions)	2021		2020		(Decrease)
Interest Expense	$	15.0	$	15.1	$	(0.1	)

• Interest expense of $15.0 million for the current year period was down slightly, compared to $15.1 million in the prior year period, primarily due to favorable exchange rates on our euro-denominated debt.

Income Taxes

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
(In millions)	2021		Effective Tax Rate			2020		Effective Tax Rate			Increase/ (Decrease)
Income tax expense	$	71.4		22.8	%	$	144.3		21.5	%	$	(72.9	)

• Income tax expense decreased $72.9 million from the comparable period in the prior year due to the impact of the Nikola gains and associated expenses in the prior year period, partially offset by higher pre-tax earnings in the current year period. The current year period tax expense reflected an estimated annual effective income tax rate of 22.8% versus 21.5% in the prior year period. For additional information regarding the Company’s income taxes, refer to “NOTE M – Income Taxes”.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the six months ended November 30, 2021 we invested $48.2 million in property, plant and equipment and paid $104.8 million to acquire certain assets of the Shiloh Industries U.S BlankLight ® business.  Additionally, Worthington Industries, Inc. acquired 1,235,000 of its common shares at a cost of $73.6 million and paid dividends of $29.3 million on Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares.  The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows for the periods presented:

	Six Months Ended
	November 30,
(in millions)	2021			2020
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities	$	(168.9	)	$	224.8
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities		(124.1	)		460.4
Net cash used by financing activities		(122.1	)		(119.3	)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(415.1	)		565.9
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		640.3			147.2
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	225.2		$	713.1

As disclosed previously in “NOTE S – Subsequent Events”, the Company closed its acquisition of Tempel Steel Company on December 1, 2021, for approximately $275 million, which was funded primarily with existing cash and some borrowing from our lines of credit.  Following the acquisition, we continue to believe that the available borrowing capacity of our committed lines of credit is sufficient to meet the needs of our existing businesses for normal operating costs, mandatory capital expenditures, debt redemptions, dividend payments, and working capital, to the extent not funded by cash provided by operating activities.    

Although we do not currently anticipate a need, we also believe that we could access the financial markets to be in a position to sell long-term debt or equity securities to strengthen our liquidity or capital resources.  However, the COVID-19 pandemic, supply chain issues, labor shortages and other national and global economic conditions, could create uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets which may impact our ability to obtain such additional capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and such debt financing or additional equity could increase our interest cost and/or dilute the interests of our existing shareholders.

35

Operating Activities

Our business is cyclical and cash flows from operating activities may fluctuate during the year and from year to year due to economic and industry conditions.  We rely on cash and short-term borrowings to meet cyclical increases in working capital needs.  These needs generally rise during periods of increased economic activity or increasing raw material prices, requiring higher levels of inventory and accounts receivable.  During economic slowdowns, or periods of decreasing raw material costs, working capital needs generally decrease as a result of the reduction of inventories and accounts receivable.

Net cash used by operating activities was $168.9 million during the six months ended November 30, 2021, a decrease of $393.7 million from the net cash provided by operating activities in the prior year period.  This decrease was primarily due to a $490.4 million increase in operating working capital (accounts receivable, inventory, and accounts payable) requirements over the prior year-to-date period, mainly driven by higher steel prices.

Investing Activities

Net cash used by investing activities was $124.1 million during the six months ended November 30, 2021 compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $460.4 million in the prior year period.  Net cash provided by investing activities in the prior year period resulted primarily from proceeds from the sale of Nikola shares which totaled $487.9 million.  Net cash used by investing activities in the current year period resulted primarily from the purchase of the Shiloh Industries U.S BlankLight ® business on June 8, 2021, for $104.8 million.  Capital expenditures in the current year period totaled $48.2 million, a decrease of $0.7 million from the prior year period.

Investment activities are largely discretionary, and future investment activities could be reduced significantly, or eliminated, as economic conditions warrant.  We assess acquisition opportunities as they arise, and such opportunities may require additional financing.  There can be no assurance, however, that any such opportunities will arise, that any such acquisition opportunities will be consummated, or that any needed additional financing will be available on satisfactory terms if required.

Financing Activities

Net cash used by financing activities was $122.1 million during the six months ended November 30, 2021 compared to $119.3 million in the prior year period. During the six months ended November 30, 2021, Worthington Industries, Inc. paid $73.6 million to repurchase 1,235,000 of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares and paid dividends of $29.3 million on Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares. During the six months ended November 30, 2020, we paid $92.9 million to repurchase 2,318,464 of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares and paid dividends of $26.8 million on Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares.

Long-term debt and short-term borrowings – As of November 30, 2021, we were in compliance with our short-term and long-term financial debt covenants.  Our debt agreements do not include credit rating triggers or material adverse change provisions.  Our credit ratings at November 30, 2021 were unchanged from those reported as of May 31, 2021.

Common shares – On September 29, 2021, the Worthington Industries, Inc. Board of Directors (the “Worthington Industries Board”) declared a quarterly dividend of $0.28 per common share payable on December 29, 2021, to shareholders of record on December 15, 2021.  This represented a $0.03 per common share increase over the dividend paid in the prior year quarter.  On December 16, 2021, the Worthington Industries Board declared a quarterly dividend for the third quarter of fiscal 2022 of $0.28 per share payable on March 29, 2022, to shareholders of record on March 15, 2022.   

On March 20, 2019, the Worthington Industries Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s outstanding common shares.  These common shares may be repurchased from time to time with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations.  Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately negotiated transactions.  On March 24, 2021, the Worthington Industries Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000.  As of November 30, 2021, 8,065,000 common shares remained available for repurchase under these authorizations.

36

Dividend Policy

We currently have no material contractual or regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends.  Dividends are declared at the discretion of the Worthington Industries Board.  The Worthington Industries Board reviews the dividend quarterly and establishes the dividend rate based upon our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, current and projected cash flows, business prospects, and other relevant factors.  While we have paid a dividend every quarter since becoming a public company in 1968, there is no guarantee that payments will continue in the future.

Contractual Cash Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments

Our contractual cash obligations and other commercial commitments have not materially changed from those disclosed in “Part II – Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual Cash Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments” of the Form 10-K.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have guarantees or other off-balance sheet financing arrangements that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.  

Critical Accounting Policies

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to our valuation of receivables, inventories, intangible assets, accrued liabilities, income and other tax accruals, contingencies and litigation, and business combinations. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These results form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Critical accounting policies are defined as those that reflect our significant judgments and uncertainties that could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Although actual results historically have not deviated significantly from those determined using our estimates, our consolidated financial position or results of operations could be materially different if we were to report under different conditions or to use different assumptions in the application of such policies.  Our critical accounting policies have not significantly changed from those discussed in “Part II – Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies” of the Form 10-K.  

Item 3. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risks have not materially changed from those disclosed in “Part II – Item 7A. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of the Form 10-K.

Item 4. – Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures [as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)] that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021).  Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

37

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021) in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. – Legal Proceedings

Various legal actions, which generally have arisen in the ordinary course of business, are pending against the Company.  None of this pending litigation, individually or collectively, is expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. – Risk Factors

There are certain risks and uncertainties in our business that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated.  In “PART I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of the Form 10-K, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2021, and available at www.sec.gov or at www.worthingtonindustries.com, we included a detailed discussion of our risk factors.  Our risk factors have not changed significantly from those disclosed in the Form 10-K. These risk factors should be read carefully in connection with evaluating our business and in connection with the forward-looking statements and other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.  Any of the risks described in the Form 10-K could materially affect our business, consolidated financial condition or future results and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made. The risk factors described in the Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, consolidated financial condition and/or future results.

Item 2. – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information about purchases made by, or on behalf of, Worthington Industries, Inc. or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a) (3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. during each month of the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021:

					Total Number of
					Common Shares
					Purchased as		Maximum Number of
	Total Number		Average Price		Part of Publicly		Common Shares that
	of Common		Paid per		Announced		May Yet Be
	Shares		Common		Plans or		Purchased Under the
Period	Purchased		Share		Programs		Plans or Programs (1)
September 1-30, 2021		65,000	$	53.55		65,000		8,235,000
October 1-31, 2021		170,000		54.39		170,000		8,065,000
November 1-30, 2021		-		-		-		8,065,000
Total		235,000	$	54.03		235,000

(1) The numbers shown in this column represent, as of the end of each period, the maximum number of common shares that were available for repurchase under authorizations of the Worthington Industries Board.  On March 20, 2019, the Worthington Industries Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s outstanding common shares. On March 24, 2021, the Company announced that on that same day, the Worthington Industries Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s outstanding common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000.  A total of 1,935,000 common shares have been repurchased since the latest authorization, leaving 8,065,000 common shares available for repurchase under the existing authorizations at November 30, 2021.

The common shares available for repurchase under the authorizations currently in effect may be purchased from time to time, with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions, and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately negotiated transactions.

38

Item 3. – Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. – Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. – Other Information

Not applicable.

39

Item 6. – Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
2.1	Equity Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2021, by and among Worthington Steel of Michigan, Inc., Tempel Holdings Inc., and Tempel Steel Company (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.01 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Worthington Industries, Inc. dated November 1, 2021 and filed with the SEC on the same date (SEC File No. 1-8399)) †
3.1	Amended Articles of Incorporation of Worthington Industries, Inc., as filed with the Ohio Secretary of State on October 13, 1998 (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Worthington Industries, Inc. for the quarterly period ended August 31, 1998 (SEC File No. 0-4016)) P
3.2	Code of Regulations of Worthington Industries, Inc. (reflecting all amendments through the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q) [This document represents the Code of Regulations of Worthington Industries, Inc. in compiled form incorporating all amendments.] (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(b) to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Worthington Industries, Inc. for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2000 (SEC File No. 1-8399))
31.1	Rule 13a - 14(a) / 15d - 14(a) Certifications (Principal Executive Officer) *
31.2	Rule 13a - 14(a) / 15d - 14(a) Certifications (Principal Financial Officer) *
32.1	Certifications of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**
32.2	Certifications of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002**
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Date File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document #
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document #
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document #
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document #
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document #
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File – the cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021, formatted in Inline XBRL (included within the Exhibit 101 attachments).

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

† The Disclosure Schedules and Exhibits referenced in the Equity Purchase Agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of SEC Regulation S-K.  Worthington Industries, Inc. will supplementally furnish a copy of any of the omitted Disclosure Schedules and Exhibits to the Securities and Exchange Commission on a confidential basis upon request.

# Attached as Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Worthington Industries, Inc. are the following documents formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language):

(i) Consolidated Balance Sheets at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021;

(ii) Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) for the three months and six months ended November 30, 2021 and November 30, 2020;

(iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three months and six months ended November 30, 2021 and November 30, 2020;

(iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months and six months ended November 30, 2021 and November 30, 2020; and

(v) Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

40

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC.
Date:  January 10, 2022	By:	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
		Joseph B. Hayek,
		Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(On behalf of the Registrant as Duly Authorized Officer and as Principal Financial Officer)

41

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

RULE 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a)

CERTIFICATIONS (PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER)

CERTIFICATIONS

I, B. Andrew Rose, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021 of Worthington Industries, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  January 10, 2022	By:	/s/ B. Andrew Rose
		B. Andrew Rose,
		Chief Executive Officer and President

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

RULE 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a)

CERTIFICATIONS (PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER)

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Joseph B. Hayek, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021 of Worthington Industries, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  January 10, 2022	By:	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
		Joseph B. Hayek,
		Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002*

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, B. Andrew Rose, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

	/s/ B. Andrew Rose
	Printed Name: B. Andrew Rose
	Title: Chief Executive Officer and President
Date:  January 10, 2022

*These certifications are being furnished as required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section.  These certifications shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Worthington Industries, Inc. specifically incorporates these certifications by reference.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002*

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Joseph B. Hayek, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
	Printed Name: Joseph B. Hayek
	Title: Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:  January 10, 2022

*These certifications are being furnished as required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section.  These certifications shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Worthington Industries, Inc. specifically incorporates these certifications by reference.

XML

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	Nov. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Nov. 30, 2021
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Trading Symbol	WOR
Entity Registrant Name	WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES, INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000108516
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--05-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	OH
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity File Number	001-08399
Entity Tax Identification Number	31-1189815
Entity Address, Address Line One	200 Old Wilson Bridge Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Columbus
Entity Address, State or Province	OH
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	43085
City Area Code	614
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Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 225,194	$ 640,311
Receivables, less allowances of $790 and $608 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively	736,738	639,964
Inventories:
Raw materials	420,511	266,208
Work in process	247,772	183,413
Finished products	171,305	115,133
Total inventories	839,588	564,754
Income taxes receivable	1,574	1,958
Assets held for sale	34,721	51,956
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	72,952	69,049
Total current assets	1,910,767	1,967,992
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates	291,397	233,126
Operating lease assets	93,628	35,101
Goodwill	370,191	351,056
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $86,459 and $80,513 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively	267,564	240,387
Other assets	32,451	30,566
Property, plant and equipment:
Land	21,319	21,744
Buildings and improvements	273,483	271,196
Machinery and equipment	1,086,453	1,046,065
Construction in progress	68,423	53,903
Total property, plant and equipment	1,449,678	1,392,908
Less: accumulated depreciation	898,044	877,891
Total property, plant and equipment, net	551,634	515,017
Total assets	3,517,632	3,373,245
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	610,278	567,392
Accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes	105,879	137,698
Dividends payable	15,794	16,536
Other accrued items	60,484	52,250
Current operating lease liabilities	10,888	9,947
Income taxes payable	16,555	3,620
Current maturities of long-term debt	280	458
Total current liabilities	820,158	787,901
Other liabilities	81,786	82,824
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate	94,836	99,669
Long-term debt	701,892	710,031
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	83,887	27,374
Deferred income taxes, net	101,982	113,751
Total liabilities	1,884,541	1,821,550
Shareholders' equity - controlling interest	1,479,797	1,398,193
Noncontrolling interests	153,294	153,502
Total equity	1,633,091	1,551,695
Total liabilities and equity	$ 3,517,632	$ 3,373,245

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Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Receivables, allowances	$ 790	$ 608
Other intangible assets, accumulated amortization	$ 86,459	$ 80,513

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Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 1,232,861	$ 731,092	$ 2,343,679	$ 1,434,001
Cost of goods sold	1,048,270	595,618	1,939,714	1,185,169
Gross margin	184,591	135,474	403,965	248,832
Selling, general and administrative expense	96,130	82,129	191,981	164,325
Impairment of long-lived assets	0	3,815	0	13,739
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net	(2,004)	7,596	(14,278)	9,444
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains	0	4,570	0	54,081
Operating income	90,465	37,364	226,262	7,243
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net	1,040	376	1,670	827
Interest expense	(7,312)	(7,548)	(15,030)	(15,138)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	60,218	25,631	113,134	49,265
Gains (loss) on investment in Nikola	0	(143,780)	0	652,362
Earnings (loss) before income taxes	144,411	(87,957)	326,036	694,559
Income tax expense (benefit)	31,226	(19,445)	71,376	144,333
Net earnings (loss)	113,185	(68,512)	254,660	550,226
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	2,884	5,532	11,868	7,595
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest	$ 110,301	$ (74,044)	$ 242,792	$ 542,631
Basic
Weighted average common shares outstanding	50,381	52,988	50,618	53,532
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$ 2.19	$ (1.40)	$ 4.80	$ 10.14
Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding	51,214	52,988	51,532	54,439
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$ 2.15	$ (1.40)	$ 4.71	$ 9.97
Common shares outstanding at end of period	50,334	52,754	50,334	52,754
Cash dividends declared per share	$ 0.28	$ 0.25	$ 0.56	$ 0.50

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Statement Of Income And Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net earnings (loss)	$ 113,185	$ (68,512)	$ 254,660	$ 550,226
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Foreign currency translation, net of tax	(4,872)	(1,051)	(8,847)	7,257
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax		(4)	0	368
Cash flow hedges, net of tax	(52,986)	15,218	(53,285)	17,781
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(57,858)	14,163	(62,132)	25,406
Comprehensive income (loss)	55,327	(54,349)	192,528	575,632
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	2,884	5,532	11,868	7,595
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to controlling interest	$ 52,443	$ (59,881)	$ 180,660	$ 568,037

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Operating activities:
Net earnings (loss)	$ 113,185	$ (68,512)	$ 254,660	$ 550,226
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash (used) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	21,090	21,560	43,154	43,771
Impairment of long-lived assets	0	3,815	0	13,739
Provision for (benefit from) deferred income taxes	1,309	(31,776)	2,675	39,255
Bad debt expense (income)	335	(159)	514	(65)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions	(31,274)	4,608	(64,492)	(2,149)
Net (gain) loss on sale of assets	(496)	7,271	(13,202)	7,673
Stock-based compensation	4,248	4,854	7,551	9,710
(Gains) loss on investment in Nikola	0	143,780	0	(652,362)
Charitable contribution of Nikola shares	0	0	0	20,653
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of impact of acquisitions:
Receivables	(89,817)	3,580	(121,685)	(78,614)
Inventories	(97,182)	4,623	(260,864)	90,245
Accounts payable	(47,594)	48,176	(926)	95,330
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	14,358	13,960	(31,819)	37,812
Income taxes payable	(22,922)	(44,623)	12,935	39,041
Other operating items, net	15,656	(3,729)	2,583	10,551
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities	(119,104)	107,428	(168,916)	224,816
Investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment	(24,234)	(16,073)	(48,159)	(48,944)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(3,000)	(75)	(107,750)	(75)
Proceeds from sale of assets, net	5,136	21,580	31,821	21,580
Proceeds from sale of Nikola shares	0	0	0	487,859
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities	(22,098)	5,432	(124,088)	460,420
Financing activities:
Principal payments on long-term obligations and debt redemption costs	(10)	(96)	(402)	(193)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net of tax withholdings	(2,694)	2,294	(6,785)	1,144
Payments to noncontrolling interests	(2,879)	0	(12,076)	(560)
Repurchase of common shares	(12,702)	(38,563)	(73,587)	(92,883)
Dividends paid	(14,565)	(13,433)	(29,263)	(26,812)
Net cash used by financing activities	(32,850)	(49,798)	(122,113)	(119,304)
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(174,052)	63,062	(415,117)	565,932
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	399,246	650,068	640,311	147,198
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 225,194	$ 713,130	$ 225,194	$ 713,130

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Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

NOTE A – Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Worthington Industries, Inc. and consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, “we,” “our,” “Worthington,” or the “Company”).  Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method.  Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company owns controlling interests in the following four joint ventures: Spartan Steel Coating, L.L.C. (“Spartan”) (52%), TWB Company, L.L.C. (“TWB”) (55%), Worthington Samuel Coil Processing LLC (“Samuel” or “Samuel joint venture”) (63%), and Worthington Specialty Processing (“WSP”) (51%).  These joint ventures are consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture members shown as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets, and the other joint venture members’ portions of net earnings and other comprehensive income (“OCI”) shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings (loss) and consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), respectively.  Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are accounted for using the equity method.  See further discussion of our unconsolidated affiliates in “NOTE D – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates”.

These unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature except those which have been disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for these interim periods, have been included.  Operating results for the three months and six months ended November 30, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending May 31, 2022 (“fiscal 2022”). For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2021 (“fiscal 2021”) of Worthington Industries, Inc. (the “2021 Form 10-K”).

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Segment Reporting: The Company’s operations are managed principally on a products and services basis.  Segment information is prepared on the same basis that the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews financial information for operational decision-making purposes.  See further discussion in “NOTE O – Segment Operations”.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On June 1, 2021, the Company adopted ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740 and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. The adoption of the accounting standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Revenue Recognition

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

NOTE B – Revenue Recognition

The following table summarizes net sales by reportable segment and product class for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	November 30,				November 30,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Steel Processing
Direct	$	900,666	$	433,556	$	1,688,694	$	838,364
Toll		37,176		35,167		71,958		61,379
Total		937,842		468,723		1,760,652		899,743
Consumer Products (1)		140,793		117,513		288,576		251,135
Building Products (1)		121,125		93,989		235,868		182,092
Sustainable Energy Solutions (1)		33,101		34,023		58,583		61,880
Other
Oil & Gas Equipment		-		6,646		-		16,542
Engineered Cabs		-		84		-		1,070
Other		-		10,114		-		21,539
Total		-		16,844		-		39,151
Total	$	1,232,861	$	731,092	$	2,343,679	$	1,434,001
(1) The products contained within each of these reportable segments have similar production processes, require substantially the same raw materials, use similar equipment and serve similar purposes. Therefore, we believe the products within each of these segments are appropriately combined for purposes of the disclosure requirements prescribed by ASC 280 and ASC 606.  See NOTE O - Segment Operations for information regarding the reorganization of our pressure cylinders business and the resulting new reportable segments, effective June 1, 2021.

We recognize revenue at a point in time, with the exception of the toll processing revenue stream and, on a historical basis, certain contracts within the oil & gas equipment revenue stream, which were recognized over time. The following table summarizes the over time revenue for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	November 30,				November 30,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Steel Processing - toll	$	37,176	$	35,167	$	71,958	$	61,379
Certain oil & gas equipment contracts		-		4,367		-		12,066
Total over time revenue	$	37,176	$	39,534	$	71,958	$	73,445

The following table summarizes the unbilled receivables for the periods presented:

		November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	Balance Sheet Classification	2021		2021
Unbilled receivables	Receivables	$	5,636	$	5,317
There were no contract assets at either of the dates indicated above.

We have elected the optional exemption, which allows for the exclusion of the amounts for remaining performance obligations that are a part of contracts with an expected duration of one year or less.  As of November 30, 2021, there were no unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations related to contracts with an expected duration greater than one year.

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Investment in Nikola

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Equity Method Investments And Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Investment in Nikola

NOTE C – Investment in Nikola

On June 3, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), Nikola Corporation (“Nikola”) became a public company through a reverse merger with a subsidiary of VectoIQ Acquisition Corporation, a NASDAQ listed publicly traded company.  Prior to the Effective Date, the Company held an equity interest in the predecessor company, which was converted to 19,048,020 shares of Nikola common stock.  During fiscal 2021, the Company sold or contributed all of these shares.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company recognized a $796,141,000 pre-tax gain consisting of $508,511,000 of realized gains from the sale or contribution of 12,000,000 of its Nikola shares, and an unrealized mark-to-market gain of $287,630,000 related to the 7,048,000 Nikola shares the Company continued to own at August 31, 2020.  The Company also recognized in operating income $49,511,000 of incremental expenses related to the Nikola gains, comprised of $28,858,000 for discretionary profit sharing and bonus expenses and $20,653,000 for the contribution of 500,000 shares of Nikola common stock to the Worthington Industries Foundation to establish a charitable endowment focused on the communities in which the Company operates.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, the market price of the Nikola shares dropped from $40.81 per share at August 31, 2020 to $20.41 per share at November 30, 2020, resulting in an unrealized mark-to-market loss of $143,780,000 for the 7,048,000 shares we held at quarter end, and reducing the pre-tax year-to-date realized and unrealized gain on the investment in Nikola to $652,362,000.  In addition, during the second quarter, we recorded incremental expenses of $4,570,000 for discretionary bonuses related to the Nikola investment gain.

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Equity Method Investments And Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

NOTE D – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in affiliated companies that we do not control, either through majority ownership or otherwise, are accounted for using the equity method.  At November 30, 2021, the Company held non-controlling investments in the following affiliated companies:  ArtiFlex Manufacturing, LLC (“ArtiFlex”) (50%), Clarkwestern Dietrich Building Systems LLC (“ClarkDietrich”) (25%), Serviacero Planos, S. de R. L. de C.V. (“Serviacero Worthington”) (50%), Taxi Workhorse Holdings, LLC (“Cabs”) (20%), and Worthington Armstrong Venture (“WAVE”) (50%).  

We received distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaling $48,642,000 during the six months ended November 30, 2021.  We have received cumulative distributions from WAVE in excess of our investment balance amounting to $94,836,000, which is shown as a separate liability on our consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2021.  In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we reclassified the negative investment balance to the liabilities section of our consolidated balance sheet.  We will continue to record our equity in the net income of WAVE as a debit to the investment account, and if the investment balance becomes positive, it will again be shown as an asset on our consolidated balance sheet.  If it becomes probable that any excess distribution may not be returned (upon joint venture liquidation or otherwise), we will recognize any negative investment balance classified as a liability as income immediately.

We use the “cumulative earnings” approach for determining cash flow presentation of distributions from our unconsolidated joint ventures.  Distributions received are included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities, unless the cumulative distributions received, less distributions received in prior periods that were determined to be returns of investment, exceed our portion of the cumulative equity in the net earnings of the joint venture, in which case the excess distributions are deemed to be returns of the investment and are classified as investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates as of the dates, and for the periods presented:  

	November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2021
Cash	$	34,797	$	11,651
Other current assets		1,140,126		733,834
Noncurrent assets		365,845		382,585
Total assets	$	1,540,768	$	1,128,070
Current liabilities	$	403,512	$	232,626
Short-term borrowings		2,879		1,155
Current maturities of long-term debt		58,753		30,209
Long-term debt		298,945		311,871
Other noncurrent liabilities		104,418		92,209
Equity		672,261		460,000
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,540,768	$	1,128,070

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	November 30,					November 30,
(in thousands)	2021			2020		2021			2020
Net sales	$	858,165		$	451,198	$	1,603,160		$	856,518
Gross margin		226,502			96,561		416,176			189,610
Operating income		184,779			64,890		330,767			122,843
Depreciation and amortization		7,848			8,672		16,075			16,402
Interest expense (income)		(2,711	)		2,832		(5,172	)		5,777
Income tax expense		8,565			2,322		16,461			4,052
Net earnings		173,915			60,943		312,803			117,516

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Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

NOTE E – Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill

(in thousands)	Steel Processing		Consumer Products (1)		Building Products (1)			Sustainable Energy Solutions (1)			Total
Balance at May 31, 2021	$	20,218	$	240,940	$	72,273		$	17,625		$	351,056
Acquisitions and purchase accounting adjustments		24,859		237		-			-			25,096
Translation adjustments		-		-		(4,073	)		(1,888	)		(5,961	)
Balance at November 30, 2021	$	45,077	$	241,177	$	68,200		$	15,737		$	370,191
(1) In connection with the reorganization of the Company's pressure cylinders business, effective June 1, 2021, the goodwill of our former Pressure Cylinders reporting unit was allocated to the new reporting units on a relative fair value basis.  Refer to Note O – Segment Operations for additional information.

There was no goodwill associated with the Other segment at November 30, 2021, or May 31, 2021.  Accumulated goodwill impairment charges within the Other segment totaled $198,290,000 as of November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Fiscal 2022: None.

Fiscal 2021:  During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, we identified an impairment indicator related to the oil & gas equipment operations in Tulsa, Oklahoma due to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related market softness.   As a result, we tested the long-lived assets consisting of fixed assets and customer list intangible assets with net book values of $7,375,000 and

$2,374,000, respectively, for impairment.  The fair value of the fixed assets was determined to be $5,934,000 (using observable Level 2 inputs) resulting in an impairment charge of $1,441,000.  Additionally, the customer list intangible assets were deemed to be fully impaired (using unobservable Level 3 inputs) and written off.  

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, management determined indicators of impairment were present with regard to the cryogenics business primarily operated out of Theodore, Alabama with European distribution in Austria.  As a result, property, plant and equipment with a carrying value of $13,526,000 were written down to their estimated fair value of $9,193,000 (determined using Level 2 inputs), resulting in an impairment charge of $4,333,000.  Additionally, the customer list intangible assets with a carrying value of $3,662,000 were deemed to be fully impaired and written off.  The fair value of the customer list intangible assets was determined using unobservable Level 3 inputs.  

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company decided to discontinue its operation of the manufacturing line for alternative fuel cylinders at the Jefferson, Ohio facility.  As a result, long-lived assets with a carrying value of $1,823,000 were written down to their estimated fair market value of $400,000 (determined using Level 2 inputs), resulting in an impairment charge of $1,423,000.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company recognized a $506,000 impairment charge related to the Superior Tools business that was acquired as part of Magna Industries, Inc. in fiscal 2019 and subsequently sold.

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Restructuring and Other Income, Net

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Restructuring And Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and Other Income, Net

NOTE F – Restructuring and Other Income, Net

We consider restructuring activities to be programs whereby we fundamentally change our operations, such as closing and consolidating manufacturing facilities or moving manufacturing of a product to another location.  Restructuring activities may also involve substantial realignment of the management structure of a business unit in response to changing market conditions.

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption, in our consolidated statement of earnings for the six months ended November 30, 2021 is summarized below:

	Balance, as of		Expense									Balance, as of
(in thousands)	May 31, 2021		(Income)			Payments			Adjustments			November 30, 2021
Early retirement and severance	$	771	$	(350	)	$	(172	)	$	(55	)	$	194
Facility exit and other costs		449		(449	)		-			-			-
	$	1,220	$	(799	)	$	(172	)	$	(55	)	$	194
Net gain on sale of assets (1)				(12,637	)
Gain on lease buyout (2)				(842	)
Restructuring and other income, net			$	(14,278	)

________________________

⁽¹⁾ The net gain on sale of assets during the six months ended November 30, 2021, resulted primarily from the June 8, 2021, sale of our WSP joint venture’s facility in Canton, Michigan.  In connection with the sale, the Company realized net cash proceeds of $19,850,000 resulting in a pre-tax gain of $12,244,000.

⁽²⁾ On September 10, 2021, the Company executed an agreement to buyout the remaining term of the operating lease at its fabricated products business in Stow, Ohio, for $1,100,000, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $842,000.  This facility was retained in connection with the divestiture of the Company’s former engineered cabs business and has not been operational since June of calendar 2020.

The total liability associated with our restructuring activities as of November 30, 2021 is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.

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Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Commitments And Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

NOTE G – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Legal Proceedings

We are defendants in certain legal actions.  In the opinion of management, the outcome of these actions, which is not clearly determinable at the present time, would not significantly affect our consolidated financial position or future results of operations.  We also believe that environmental issues will not have a material effect on our capital expenditures, consolidated financial position or future results of operations.

Voluntary Tank Replacement Program

In February 2019, our former Structural Composites Industries, LLC subsidiary (“SCI”) agreed to participate in a tank replacement program for specific design sizes of SCI’s composite hydrogen fuel tanks, which are integrated into a customer’s hydrogen fuel cells used to fuel material handling equipment, primarily rider pallet jacks in warehouses.  As of November 30, 2021, the Company has a reserve of $4,864,000 for the estimated remaining direct costs related to the replacement program, which are expected to be paid in the next twelve months.  The actual cost incurred by the Company related to this matter may vary from the initial estimate.

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Guarantees

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Guarantees And Product Warranties [Abstract]

Guarantees

NOTE H – Guarantees

We do not have guarantees that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. We had in place $16,837,000 of outstanding stand-by letters of credit issued to third-party service providers at November 30, 2021.  No amounts were drawn against these letters of credit at November 30, 2021.  We are also party to an operating lease for an aircraft in which we have guaranteed a residual value at lease termination.  The maximum obligation under the terms of this guarantee was approximately $18,881,000 at November 30, 2021.

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Debt

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

NOTE I – Debt

We maintain a $500,000,000 multi-year revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with a group of lenders.  On August 20, 2021, the Company amended and restated the Credit Facility, extending the final maturity from February 16, 2023 to August 20, 2026 while keeping in place the $500,000,000 aggregate commitments under the Credit Facility. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year.  We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the Daily LIBOR Rate, the Prime Rate of PNC Bank, National Association or the Overnight Bank Funding Rate.  The Credit Facility contains customary LIBOR benchmark replacement language.  The applicable margin is determined by our credit rating.  There were no borrowings or letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility at November 30, 2021.

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Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Components Of Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Abstract]

Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

NOTE J – Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	November 30, 2021									November 30, 2020
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(4,507	)		(365	)	$	(4,872	)	$	(1,027	)		(24	)	$	(1,051	)
Pension liability adjustment		-			-			-			(4	)		-			(4	)
Cash flow hedges		(68,677	)		15,691			(52,986	)		19,540			(4,322	)		15,218
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(73,184	)	$	15,326		$	(57,858	)	$	18,509		$	(4,346	)	$	14,163

	Six Months Ended
	November 30, 2021									November 30, 2020
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax		Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(8,124	)		(723	)	$	(8,847	)	$	6,581		676		$	7,257
Pension liability adjustment		-			-			-			484		(116	)		368
Cash flow hedges		(68,876	)		15,591			(53,285	)		22,793		(5,012	)		17,781
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(77,000	)	$	14,868		$	(62,132	)	$	29,858	$	(4,452	)	$	25,406

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Changes in Equity

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Equity [Abstract]

Changes in Equity

NOTE K – Changes in Equity

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Income (Loss),			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2021	$	282,790		$	45,387		$	1,070,016		$	1,398,193		$	153,502		$	1,551,695
Net earnings		-			-			132,491			132,491			8,984			141,475
Other comprehensive loss		-			(4,274	)		-			(4,274	)		-			(4,274	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(4,091	)		-			-			(4,091	)		-			(4,091	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		89			-			-			89			-			89
Stock-based compensation		6,324			-			-			6,324			-			6,324
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(5,477	)		-			(55,408	)		(60,885	)		-			(60,885	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(14,504	)		(14,504	)		-			(14,504	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(9,197	)		(9,197	)
Balance at August 31, 2021	$	279,635		$	41,113		$	1,132,595		$	1,453,343		$	153,289		$	1,606,632
Net earnings		-			-			110,301			110,301			2,884			113,185
Other comprehensive loss		-			(57,858	)		-			(57,858	)		-			(57,858	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(2,694	)		-			-			(2,694	)		-			(2,694	)
Common shares in NQ plans		257			-			-			257			-			257
Stock-based compensation		3,304			-			-			3,304			-			3,304
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(1,297	)		-			(11,405	)		(12,702	)		-			(12,702	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(14,154	)		(14,154	)		-			(14,154	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(2,879	)		(2,879	)
Balance at November 30, 2021	$	279,205		$	(16,745	)	$	1,217,337		$	1,479,797		$	153,294		$	1,633,091

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Loss,			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2020	$	283,776		$	(35,217	)	$	572,262		$	820,821		$	145,612		$	966,433
Net earnings		-			-			616,675			616,675			2,063			618,738
Other comprehensive income		-			11,242			-			11,242			-			11,242
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(1,150	)		-			-			(1,150	)		-			(1,150	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		90			-			-			90			-			90
Stock-based compensation		3,022			-			-			3,022			-			3,022
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(7,536	)		-			(46,784	)		(54,320	)		-			(54,320	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,595	)		(13,595	)		-			(13,595	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(560	)		(560	)
Balance at August 31, 2020	$	278,202		$	(23,975	)	$	1,128,558		$	1,382,785		$	147,115		$	1,529,900
Net earnings (loss)		-			-			(74,044	)		(74,044	)		5,532			(68,512	)
Other comprehensive income		-			14,163			-			14,163			-			14,163
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		2,294			-			-			2,294			-			2,294
Common shares in NQ plans		292			-			-			292			-			292
Stock-based compensation		3,499			-			-			3,499			-			3,499
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(4,486	)		-			(34,077	)		(38,563	)		-			(38,563	)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture		-			-			-			-			925			925
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,527	)		(13,527	)		-			(13,527	)
Balance at November 30, 2020	$	279,801		$	(9,812	)	$	1,006,910		$	1,276,899		$	153,572		$	1,430,471

The following tables summarize the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented:

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
(in thousands)	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Income (Loss)
Balance as of May 31, 2021	$	1,779		$	(15,955	)	$	59,563		$	45,387
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(8,124	)		-			14,279			6,155
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			(83,155	)		(83,155	)
Income tax effect		(723	)		-			15,591			14,868
Balance as of November 30, 2021	$	(7,068	)	$	(15,955	)	$	6,278		$	(16,745	)

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
(in thousands)	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Loss
Balance as of May 31, 2020	$	(9,142	)	$	(21,886	)	$	(4,189	)	$	(35,217	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		6,581			484			16,765			23,830
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			6,028			6,028
Income tax effect		676			(116	)		(5,013	)		(4,453	)
Balance as of November 30, 2020	$	(1,885	)	$	(21,518	)	$	13,591		$	(9,812	)

(a) The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net earnings for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

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Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

NOTE L – Stock-Based Compensation

Non-Qualified Stock Options

During the six months ended November 30, 2021, we granted non-qualified stock options covering a total of 54,500 common shares under our stock-based compensation plans.  The weighted average exercise price of $60.19 per share was equal to the market price of the underlying common shares at the grant date.  The fair value of these stock options, based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, calculated at the grant date, was $19.73 per share.  The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these stock options is $1,075,080 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures.  The following assumptions were used to value these stock options:

Dividend yield	2.10	%
Expected volatility	41.62	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.11	%
Expected term (years)	6.0

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of Worthington Industries, Inc.’s common shares and the risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury strip rate for the expected term of the stock options.  The expected term was developed using historical exercise experience.

Service-Based Restricted Common Shares

During the six months ended November 30, 2021, we granted an aggregate of 154,050 service-based restricted common shares under our stock-based compensation plans, which generally vest three years after their grant date.  The fair value of these restricted common shares was equal to the closing market price of the underlying common shares on the date of grant, or $58.11 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these restricted common shares is $9,048,253 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year service-based vesting period.

Performance Share Awards

We have awarded performance shares to certain key employees under our stock-based compensation plans.  These performance shares are earned based on the level of achievement with respect to corporate targets for cumulative corporate economic value added, earnings per share growth and, in the case of business unit executives, a business unit adjusted earnings before interest and taxes

target, in each case for the three-year periods ending May 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024.  These performance share awards will be paid, to the extent earned, in common shares of Worthington Industries, Inc. in the fiscal quarter following the end of the applicable three-year performance period.  The fair values of our performance shares are determined by the closing market prices of the underlying common shares at the respective grant dates of the performance shares and the pre-tax stock-based compensation expense is based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved and our estimate of the number of common shares that will ultimately be issued.  During the six months ended November 30, 2021, we granted performance share awards covering an aggregate of 36,400 common shares (at target levels).  The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these performance shares is $2,191,000. The ultimate pre-tax stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the three-year performance period on all tranches will vary based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the target being achieved.  

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

NOTE M – Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020 reflected estimated annual effective income tax rates of 22.8% and 21.5%, respectively. The annual effective income tax rates exclude any impact from the inclusion of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are primarily a result of our Samuel, Spartan, TWB and WSP consolidated joint ventures. The net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests in Samuel, Spartan, TWB and WSP’s U.S. operations do not generate tax expense to Worthington since the investors in Samuel, Spartan, TWB and WSP’s U.S. operations are taxed directly based on the earnings attributable to them. The tax expense of TWB’s wholly-owned foreign corporations is reported in our consolidated income tax expense. Management is required to estimate the annual effective income tax rate based upon its forecast of annual pre-tax income for domestic and foreign operations. Our actual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2022 could be materially different from the forecasted rate as of November 30, 2021.    

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Earnings per Share

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings per Share

NOTE N – Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	November 30,					November 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2021		2020			2021		2020
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest -
income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	110,301	$	(74,044	)	$	242,792	$	542,631
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to
controlling interest - weighted average common shares		50,381		52,988			50,618		53,532
Effect of dilutive securities		833		-			914		907
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to
controlling interest - adjusted weighted average common shares		51,214		52,988			51,532		54,439
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.19	$	(1.40	)	$	4.80	$	10.14
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.15	$	(1.40	)	$	4.71	$	9.97

Stock options covering an aggregate of 54,500 common shares for the three months ended November 30, 2021 have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive for the period.  All potential diluted shares (stock options and restricted common shares covering an aggregate of 1,030,835 common shares) have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share for the three months ended November 30, 2020, because the effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the overall net loss for the period.  Stock options covering an aggregate of 47,352 and 492,011 common shares for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive for the period.

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Segment Operations

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Operations

NOTE O – Segment Operations

Segment information is prepared on the same basis that our management reviews financial information for operational decision-making purposes. Factors used to identify reportable operating segments include the nature of the products and services provided by each business, the management reporting structure, similarity of economic characteristics and certain quantitative measures, as prescribed by authoritative accounting guidance.  

Effective June 1, 2021, we reorganized the management structure of our Pressure Cylinders business to better align around the end markets which it served, resulting in three new reportable operating segments: Consumer Products, Building Products and Sustainable Energy Solutions.  Our Steel Processing operating segment was not impacted by these changes.  A discussion of each of these new reportable segments is included below.

Consumer Products: This reportable segment is comprised of brands that offer market-leading products in the tools, outdoor living and celebrations end markets with brands that include Coleman®, Bernzomatic®, Balloon Time®, Mag Torch®, General®, Garden-Weasel®, Pactool International®, Hawkeye™ and Worthington Pro-Grade™.  This market sector includes propane-filled cylinders for torches, camping stoves and other applications, certain propane gas (LPG) cylinders, hand-held torches, Balloon Time® helium-filled balloon kits, and specialized hand tools and instruments.  These products are sold primarily to mass merchandisers, retailers and distributors. LPG cylinders, which hold fuel for barbeque grills and recreational vehicle equipment, are also sold through cylinder exchangers.

Building Products: This reportable segment includes refrigerant and LPG cylinders, well water and expansion tanks, and other specialty products. Cylinders are generally sold to gas producers and distributors. Refrigerant gas cylinders are used to hold refrigerant gases for commercial, residential, and automotive air conditioning and refrigeration systems. LPG cylinders hold fuel for residential and light commercial heating systems, industrial forklifts and commercial/residential cooking (the latter, generally outside North America).Well water tanks and expansion tanks are used in the residential market with the latter also sold into commercial markets.  Specialty products include a variety of fire suppression and chemical tanks.  

Sustainable Energy Solutions: This reportable segment, which is primarily based in Europe, includes on-board fueling systems and services, as well as gas containment solutions and services for storage, transport and distribution of industrial gases.  It includes high pressure and acetylene cylinders for life support cylinders and alternative fuel cylinders used to hold compressed natural gas (CNG) and hydrogen for automobiles, buses, and light-duty trucks.

Other:  Divested businesses historically reported within Pressure Cylinders but no longer included in the Company’s management structure are presented within the “Other” category, on a historical basis, through the date of disposal.  For the periods presented, these include the following:  Structural Composites Industries, LLC (until March 2021); Oil & Gas Equipment (until January 2021); and Cryogenic Storage and Cryo-Science (until October 2020). The Other category also includes the results of our former Engineered Cabs operating segment, on a historical basis, through the date of disposition (November 1, 2019) as well as certain income and expense items not allocated to our operating segments.

Prior period financial information has been revised to reflect the operating results and financial position of the new reportable operating segments. Historical financial information presented herein reflects this change.

Concurrent with the change in management structure described above, the profit measure that the Company’s CODM uses to assess segment performance and allocate resources was changed from operating income to adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes (“EBIT”).  In general, adjusted EBIT excludes impairment and restructuring charges (gains), but may also exclude other items that management believes are not reflective of, and thus should not be included when evaluating, the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations. Adjusted EBIT is a non-GAAP measure and is used by management to evaluate segment performance, engage in financial and operational planning and determine incentive compensation because we believe that this measure provides additional perspective and, in some circumstances is more closely correlated to, the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations.

For the periods presented, equity income from our unconsolidated joint ventures is included in the measurement of segment profit as shown in the table below.  The related investment balances are included in segment net assets in the same manner.

Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in Segment Profit
Steel Processing	Consumer Products	Building Products	Sustainable Energy Solutions	Other
Serviacero Worthington	N/A	WAVE	N/A	Cabs
		ClarkDietrich		ArtiFlex

The following table presents summarized financial information for our reportable segments for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended November 30, 2021
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products		Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	937,842		$	140,793	$	121,125	$	33,101	$	-		$	1,232,861
Restructuring and other income, net (1)		(182	)		-		-		-		(1,822	)		(2,004	)
Miscellaneous income, net		17			159		218		82		564			1,040
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		8,823			-		49,894		-		1,501			60,218
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes		71,925			17,584		54,718		796		1,893			146,916

	Three Months Ended November 30, 2020
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products			Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	468,723		$	117,513		$	93,989	$	34,023	$	16,844		$	731,092
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			-			-		-		3,815			3,815
Restructuring and other expense, net (1)		375			120			-		-		7,101			7,596
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			-			-		-		4,570			4,570
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		(5	)		(96	)		70		69		338			376
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		1,861			-			22,692		-		1,078			25,631
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		34,381			17,432			25,964		1,534		(5,633	)		73,678

⁽¹⁾ Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $81 and $(142) for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

	Six Months Ended November 30, 2021
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products		Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions			Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	1,760,652		$	288,576	$	235,868	$	58,583		$	-		$	2,343,679
Restructuring and other income, net (2)		(12,313	)		-		-		(143	)		(1,822	)		(14,278	)
Miscellaneous income, net		47			209		144		22			1,248			1,670
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		18,172			-		92,887		-			2,075			113,134
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		179,617			38,140		103,471		(1,760	)		1,479			320,947

	Six Months Ended November 30, 2020
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products			Building Products			Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	899,743		$	251,135		$	182,092		$	61,880	$	39,151		$	1,434,001
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			506			1,423			-		11,810			13,739
Restructuring and other expense, net (2)		1,846			120			-			-		7,478			9,444
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			-			-			-		54,081			54,081
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		(48	)		(117	)		(92	)		151		933			827
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		3,170			-			45,243			-		852			49,265
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		48,557			41,341			49,337			973		(13,461	)		126,747
(2) Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $6,027 and $(257) for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

Total assets for each of our reportable segments as of the dates indicated were as follows:

	November 30,		May 31,
	2021		2021
Total assets
Steel Processing	$	1,858,313	$	1,359,598
Consumer Products		547,132		541,028
Building Products		615,755		664,113
Sustainable Energy Solutions		118,834		169,550
Other		377,598		638,956
Total assets	$	3,517,632	$	3,373,245

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Acquisitions

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

NOTE P – Acquisitions

Shiloh Industries’ U.S. BlankLight®

On June 8, 2021, the Company’s Steel Processing reportable operating segment, along with the Company’s 55% consolidated joint venture TWB Company, L.L.C. (“TWB”), acquired certain assets of the Shiloh Industries’ U.S. BlankLight® business (“Shiloh”), a provider of laser welded solutions. The purchase price for the acquisition was cash consideration of approximately $104,750,000, subject to closing adjustments.  The Shiloh business is being primarily operated by TWB and as part of the Steel Processing segment and its operating results have been included in the Company’s consolidated statement of earnings since the date of acquisition.  Proforma results, including the acquired business since the beginning of fiscal 2021, would not be materially different than the reported results.  

The acquisition consisted of three laser welding facilities that are being operated as part of our TWB joint venture and one blanking facility that is operated as part of our core Steel Processing operations. Approximately $20,000,000 of the total goodwill relates to TWB, which will be treated as a separate reporting unit for purposes of goodwill impairment testing going forward.

The information included herein has been based on the preliminary allocation of the purchase price using estimates of the fair value and useful lives of the assets acquired.  The purchase price allocation is subject to further adjustment until all pertinent information regarding the assets acquired is fully evaluated by the Company, including but not limited to, the fair value accounting.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, with goodwill representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired.  In connection with the acquisition of Shiloh, the Company identified and valued the following intangible assets:

(in thousands)
Category	Amount		Useful Life (Years)
Customer relationships	$	34,500	15-20
Non-compete agreement		290		3
In-process research & development		1,300	Indefinite
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$	36,090

The purchase price includes the fair values of other assets that were not identifiable, not separately recognizable under accounting rules (e.g., assembled workforce) or of immaterial value.  The purchase price also includes strategic and synergistic benefits (investment value) specific to us, which resulted in a purchase price in excess of the fair value of the identifiable net assets.  This additional investment value resulted in goodwill which will be deductible by the Company for income tax purposes.  

The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.  These amounts reflect various preliminary fair value estimates and assumptions, including preliminary work performed by a third-party valuation specialist, and are subject to change within the measurement period as the valuation if finalized.  The primary areas of preliminary purchase price allocation subject to change relate to the valuation of acquired tangible assets and liabilities, identification and valuation of residual goodwill and tax effects of acquired assets and assumed liabilities.

(in thousands)	Preliminary Valuation			Measurement Period Adjustments			Revised Valuation
Accounts receivable	$	44,191		$	-		$	44,191
Inventories		13,971			-			13,971
Property, plant and equipment		30,461			-			30,461
Intangible assets		34,280			1,810			36,090
Operating lease assets		59,905			-			59,905
Total identifiable assets		182,808			1,810			184,618
Accounts payable		(44,822	)		-			(44,822	)
Current operating lease liabilities		(1,555	)		-			(1,555	)
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		(58,350	)		-			(58,350	)
Net identifiable assets		78,081			1,810			79,891
Goodwill		26,669			(1,810	)		24,859
Purchase price	$	104,750		$	-		$	104,750

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Derivative Instruments And Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

NOTE Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

We utilize derivative financial instruments to primarily manage exposure to certain risks related to our ongoing operations.  The primary risks managed through the use of derivative instruments include interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity price risk.  While certain of our derivative instruments are designated as hedging instruments, we also enter into derivative instruments that are designed to hedge a risk, but are not designated as hedging instruments and, therefore, do not qualify for hedge accounting.  These derivative instruments are adjusted to current fair value through earnings (loss) at the end of each period.

Interest Rate Risk Management – We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes.  Our objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on cash flows and the market value of our borrowings.  We utilize a mix of debt maturities along with both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt to manage changes in interest rates.  In addition, we enter into interest rate swaps and treasury locks to further manage our exposure to interest rate variations related to our borrowings and to lower our overall borrowing costs.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk Management – We conduct business in several major international currencies and are, therefore, subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates.  We enter into various contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change to manage this exposure.  Such contracts limit exposure to both favorable and unfavorable currency exchange rate fluctuations.  The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars also subjects us to exposure related to fluctuating currency exchange rates; however, derivative instruments are not used to manage this risk.

Commodity Price Risk Management – We are exposed to changes in the price of certain commodities, including steel, natural gas, zinc and other raw materials, and our utility requirements.  Our objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with forecasted purchases and sales of these commodities to allow management to focus its attention on business operations.  Accordingly, we enter into derivative contracts to manage the associated price risk.

We are exposed to counterparty credit risk on all of our derivative instruments.  Accordingly, we have established and maintain strict counterparty credit guidelines. We have credit support agreements in place with certain counterparties to limit our credit exposure.  These agreements require either party to post cash collateral if its cumulative market position exceeds a predefined liability threshold.  Amounts posted to the margin accounts accrue interest at market rates and are required to be refunded in the period in

which the cumulative market position falls below the required threshold.  We do not have significant exposure to any one counterparty, and management believes the overall risk of loss is remote and, in any event, would not be material.

Refer to "NOTE R – Fair Value" for additional information regarding the accounting treatment for our derivative instruments, as well as how fair value is determined.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2021:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	660	Accounts payable	$	6,207
	Other assets		-	Other liabilities		1,068
Total		$	660		$	7,275
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	8,555	Accounts payable	$	6,916
	Other assets		313	Other liabilities		545
			8,868			7,461
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Other assets		60	Accounts payable		390
Total			8,928			7,851
Total derivative instruments		$	9,588		$	15,126

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments on a net basis where allowable under master netting arrangements. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been a $15,660,000 increase in “Receivables” with a corresponding increase in “Accounts payable”.

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at May 31, 2021:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	53,125	Accounts payable	$	-
	Other assets		23	Other liabilities		111
Total		$	53,148		$	111
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	24,621	Accounts payable	$	14,554
	Other assets		379	Other liabilities		-
			25,000			14,554
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-	Accounts payable		532
Total		$	25,000		$	15,086
Total derivative instruments		$	78,148		$	15,197

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments on a net basis where allowable under master netting arrangements. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been a $16,594,000 increase in “Receivables” with a corresponding increase in “Accounts payable”.

Cash Flow Hedges

We enter into derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows attributable to commodity price fluctuations associated with certain forecasted transactions.  These derivative instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges.  The earnings effects of these derivative instruments are presented in the same statement of earnings line items as the earnings effects of the hedged items.  For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, the Company assesses hedge effectiveness both at the onset of the hedge and at regular intervals throughout the life of the derivative instruments.

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at November 30, 2021:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount		Maturity Date
Commodity contracts	$	221,292	December 2021 - December 2022
Foreign currency exchange contracts		6,082	December 2021 - March 2023

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into net earnings (loss) for derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

(in thousands)	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI			Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings
For the three months ended November 30, 2021:
Commodity contracts	$	(21,002	)	Cost of goods sold	$	47,706
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		27
Foreign currency exchange contracts		60		Miscellaneous income, net		3
Total	$	(20,942	)		$	47,736
For the three months ended November 30, 2020:
Commodity contracts	$	16,381		Cost of goods sold	$	(2,690	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(470	)
Total	$	16,381			$	(3,160	)
For the six months ended November 30, 2021:
Commodity contracts	$	14,218		Cost of goods sold	$	83,165
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(13	)
Foreign currency exchange contracts		61		Miscellaneous income, net		3
Total	$	14,279			$	83,155
For the six months ended November 30, 2020:
Commodity contracts	$	16,765		Cost of goods sold	$	(5,331	)
Interest rate contracts	-			Interest expense		(697	)
Total	$	16,765			$	(6,028	)

The estimated net amount of the gains recognized in AOCI at November 30, 2021 expected to be reclassified into net earnings within the succeeding twelve months is $6,192,000 (net of tax of $2,798,000).  This amount was computed using the fair value of the cash flow hedges at November 30, 2021, and will change before actual reclassification from OCI to net earnings during the fiscal years ending May 31, 2022 and May 31, 2023.

Economic (Non-designated) Hedges

We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage our foreign currency exchange rate exposure related to inter-company and financing transactions that do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment.  We also enter into certain commodity contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.  Accordingly, these derivative instruments are adjusted to current market value at the end of each period through earnings (loss).

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative instruments outstanding at November 30, 2021:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount			Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	119,233		December 2021 - August 2023
Foreign currency exchange contracts		(7,189	)	December 2021 - July 2022

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		In Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Three Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2021			2020
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(10,135	)	$	8,905
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(588	)		1
Total		$	(10,723	)	$	8,906

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		in Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2021			2020
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(19,392	)	$	12,198
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(249	)		(73	)
Total		$	(19,641	)	$	12,125

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Fair Value

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

NOTE R – Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  Fair value is an exit price concept that assumes an orderly transaction between willing market participants and is required to be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability.  Current accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy as a basis for considering such assumptions and for classifying the inputs used in the valuation methodologies.  This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  The three levels of inputs used to measure fair values are as follows:

Level 1 – Observable prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets and liabilities, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At November 30, 2021, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	9,588	$	-	$	9,588
Total assets	$	-	$	9,588	$	-	$	9,588
Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	15,126	$	-	$	15,126
Total liabilities	$	-	$	15,126	$	-	$	15,126

At May 31, 2021, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	78,148	$	-	$	78,148
Total assets	$	-	$	78,148	$	-	$	78,148
Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	15,197	$	-	$	15,197
Total liabilities	$	-	$	15,197	$	-	$	15,197

(1) The fair value of our derivative instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities.  Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows.  Refer to “NOTE Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative instruments.

The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments included in the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, income taxes receivable, other assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes, other accrued items, income taxes payable and other liabilities approximate carrying value due to their short-term nature.  The fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities, based upon models utilizing market observable (Level 2) inputs and credit risk, was $771,923,000 and $792,632,000 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively.  The carrying amount of long-term debt, including current maturities, was $702,172,000 and $710,489,000 at November 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021, respectively.

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Subsequent Events

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

NOTE S – Subsequent Events

On November 1, 2021, the Company signed an agreement to acquire all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Tempel Steel Company (“Tempel”), effective December 1, 2021. The purchase price, after adjustments for preliminary working capital and closing cash, was $275 million plus the assumption of certain long-term liabilities and was funded primarily with cash on hand and some borrowing from the Company’s lines of credit.  Tempel is a leading manufacturer of precision motor and transformer laminations for the electrical steel market and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, with additional manufacturing locations in Burlington, Canada, Changzhou, China, Chennai, India and Monterrey, Mexico. The acquired business will be operated as part of our Steel Processing segment.

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Basis of Presentation (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

On June 1, 2021, the Company adopted ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740 and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. The adoption of the accounting standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Revenue Recognition (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]

Revenue by Product Class and Over Time

The following table summarizes net sales by reportable segment and product class for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	November 30,				November 30,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Steel Processing
Direct	$	900,666	$	433,556	$	1,688,694	$	838,364
Toll		37,176		35,167		71,958		61,379
Total		937,842		468,723		1,760,652		899,743
Consumer Products (1)		140,793		117,513		288,576		251,135
Building Products (1)		121,125		93,989		235,868		182,092
Sustainable Energy Solutions (1)		33,101		34,023		58,583		61,880
Other
Oil & Gas Equipment		-		6,646		-		16,542
Engineered Cabs		-		84		-		1,070
Other		-		10,114		-		21,539
Total		-		16,844		-		39,151
Total	$	1,232,861	$	731,092	$	2,343,679	$	1,434,001
(1) The products contained within each of these reportable segments have similar production processes, require substantially the same raw materials, use similar equipment and serve similar purposes. Therefore, we believe the products within each of these segments are appropriately combined for purposes of the disclosure requirements prescribed by ASC 280 and ASC 606.  See NOTE O - Segment Operations for information regarding the reorganization of our pressure cylinders business and the resulting new reportable segments, effective June 1, 2021.

Summary of Unbilled Receivable

The following table summarizes the unbilled receivables for the periods presented:

		November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	Balance Sheet Classification	2021		2021
Unbilled receivables	Receivables	$	5,636	$	5,317
There were no contract assets at either of the dates indicated above.

Over time revenue

Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]

Revenue by Product Class and Over Time

The following table summarizes the over time revenue for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	November 30,				November 30,
(in thousands)	2021		2020		2021		2020
Steel Processing - toll	$	37,176	$	35,167	$	71,958	$	61,379
Certain oil & gas equipment contracts		-		4,367		-		12,066
Total over time revenue	$	37,176	$	39,534	$	71,958	$	73,445

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Equity Method Investments And Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Financial Information

The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates as of the dates, and for the periods presented:  

	November 30,		May 31,
(in thousands)	2021		2021
Cash	$	34,797	$	11,651
Other current assets		1,140,126		733,834
Noncurrent assets		365,845		382,585
Total assets	$	1,540,768	$	1,128,070
Current liabilities	$	403,512	$	232,626
Short-term borrowings		2,879		1,155
Current maturities of long-term debt		58,753		30,209
Long-term debt		298,945		311,871
Other noncurrent liabilities		104,418		92,209
Equity		672,261		460,000
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,540,768	$	1,128,070

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	November 30,					November 30,
(in thousands)	2021			2020		2021			2020
Net sales	$	858,165		$	451,198	$	1,603,160		$	856,518
Gross margin		226,502			96,561		416,176			189,610
Operating income		184,779			64,890		330,767			122,843
Depreciation and amortization		7,848			8,672		16,075			16,402
Interest expense (income)		(2,711	)		2,832		(5,172	)		5,777
Income tax expense		8,565			2,322		16,461			4,052
Net earnings		173,915			60,943		312,803			117,516

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Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill

(in thousands)	Steel Processing		Consumer Products (1)		Building Products (1)			Sustainable Energy Solutions (1)			Total
Balance at May 31, 2021	$	20,218	$	240,940	$	72,273		$	17,625		$	351,056
Acquisitions and purchase accounting adjustments		24,859		237		-			-			25,096
Translation adjustments		-		-		(4,073	)		(1,888	)		(5,961	)
Balance at November 30, 2021	$	45,077	$	241,177	$	68,200		$	15,737		$	370,191
(1) In connection with the reorganization of the Company's pressure cylinders business, effective June 1, 2021, the goodwill of our former Pressure Cylinders reporting unit was allocated to the new reporting units on a relative fair value basis.  Refer to Note O – Segment Operations for additional information.

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Restructuring and Other Income, Net (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Restructuring And Related Activities [Abstract]

Schedule of Progression of Liabilities Associated with Restructuring Activities, Combined with Reconciliation to Restructuring and Other Income, Net

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption, in our consolidated statement of earnings for the six months ended November 30, 2021 is summarized below:

	Balance, as of		Expense									Balance, as of
(in thousands)	May 31, 2021		(Income)			Payments			Adjustments			November 30, 2021
Early retirement and severance	$	771	$	(350	)	$	(172	)	$	(55	)	$	194
Facility exit and other costs		449		(449	)		-			-			-
	$	1,220	$	(799	)	$	(172	)	$	(55	)	$	194
Net gain on sale of assets (1)				(12,637	)
Gain on lease buyout (2)				(842	)
Restructuring and other income, net			$	(14,278	)

________________________

⁽¹⁾ The net gain on sale of assets during the six months ended November 30, 2021, resulted primarily from the June 8, 2021, sale of our WSP joint venture’s facility in Canton, Michigan.  In connection with the sale, the Company realized net cash proceeds of $19,850,000 resulting in a pre-tax gain of $12,244,000.

⁽²⁾ On September 10, 2021, the Company executed an agreement to buyout the remaining term of the operating lease at its fabricated products business in Stow, Ohio, for $1,100,000, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $842,000.  This facility was retained in connection with the divestiture of the Company’s former engineered cabs business and has not been operational since June of calendar 2020.

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Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Components Of Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Abstract]

Summary of Tax Effects on Each Component of OCI

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	November 30, 2021									November 30, 2020
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(4,507	)		(365	)	$	(4,872	)	$	(1,027	)		(24	)	$	(1,051	)
Pension liability adjustment		-			-			-			(4	)		-			(4	)
Cash flow hedges		(68,677	)		15,691			(52,986	)		19,540			(4,322	)		15,218
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(73,184	)	$	15,326		$	(57,858	)	$	18,509		$	(4,346	)	$	14,163

	Six Months Ended
	November 30, 2021									November 30, 2020
	Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax		Tax			Net-of-Tax
(in thousands)
Foreign currency translation	$	(8,124	)		(723	)	$	(8,847	)	$	6,581		676		$	7,257
Pension liability adjustment		-			-			-			484		(116	)		368
Cash flow hedges		(68,876	)		15,591			(53,285	)		22,793		(5,012	)		17,781
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(77,000	)	$	14,868		$	(62,132	)	$	29,858	$	(4,452	)	$	25,406

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Changes in Equity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in Equity by Component and in Total

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Income (Loss),			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2021	$	282,790		$	45,387		$	1,070,016		$	1,398,193		$	153,502		$	1,551,695
Net earnings		-			-			132,491			132,491			8,984			141,475
Other comprehensive loss		-			(4,274	)		-			(4,274	)		-			(4,274	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(4,091	)		-			-			(4,091	)		-			(4,091	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		89			-			-			89			-			89
Stock-based compensation		6,324			-			-			6,324			-			6,324
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(5,477	)		-			(55,408	)		(60,885	)		-			(60,885	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(14,504	)		(14,504	)		-			(14,504	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(9,197	)		(9,197	)
Balance at August 31, 2021	$	279,635		$	41,113		$	1,132,595		$	1,453,343		$	153,289		$	1,606,632
Net earnings		-			-			110,301			110,301			2,884			113,185
Other comprehensive loss		-			(57,858	)		-			(57,858	)		-			(57,858	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(2,694	)		-			-			(2,694	)		-			(2,694	)
Common shares in NQ plans		257			-			-			257			-			257
Stock-based compensation		3,304			-			-			3,304			-			3,304
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(1,297	)		-			(11,405	)		(12,702	)		-			(12,702	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(14,154	)		(14,154	)		-			(14,154	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interest		-			-			-			-			(2,879	)		(2,879	)
Balance at November 30, 2021	$	279,205		$	(16,745	)	$	1,217,337		$	1,479,797		$	153,294		$	1,633,091

	Controlling Interest
				Accumulated
				Other
	Additional			Comprehensive									Non-
	Paid-in			Loss,			Retained						controlling
(in thousands)	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Total			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2020	$	283,776		$	(35,217	)	$	572,262		$	820,821		$	145,612		$	966,433
Net earnings		-			-			616,675			616,675			2,063			618,738
Other comprehensive income		-			11,242			-			11,242			-			11,242
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(1,150	)		-			-			(1,150	)		-			(1,150	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		90			-			-			90			-			90
Stock-based compensation		3,022			-			-			3,022			-			3,022
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(7,536	)		-			(46,784	)		(54,320	)		-			(54,320	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,595	)		(13,595	)		-			(13,595	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(560	)		(560	)
Balance at August 31, 2020	$	278,202		$	(23,975	)	$	1,128,558		$	1,382,785		$	147,115		$	1,529,900
Net earnings (loss)		-			-			(74,044	)		(74,044	)		5,532			(68,512	)
Other comprehensive income		-			14,163			-			14,163			-			14,163
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		2,294			-			-			2,294			-			2,294
Common shares in NQ plans		292			-			-			292			-			292
Stock-based compensation		3,499			-			-			3,499			-			3,499
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(4,486	)		-			(34,077	)		(38,563	)		-			(38,563	)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture		-			-			-			-			925			925
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(13,527	)		(13,527	)		-			(13,527	)
Balance at November 30, 2020	$	279,801		$	(9,812	)	$	1,006,910		$	1,276,899		$	153,572		$	1,430,471

Summary of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables summarize the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented:

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
(in thousands)	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Income (Loss)
Balance as of May 31, 2021	$	1,779		$	(15,955	)	$	59,563		$	45,387
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(8,124	)		-			14,279			6,155
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			(83,155	)		(83,155	)
Income tax effect		(723	)		-			15,591			14,868
Balance as of November 30, 2021	$	(7,068	)	$	(15,955	)	$	6,278		$	(16,745	)

										Accumulated
	Foreign			Pension						Other
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow			Comprehensive
(in thousands)	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			Loss
Balance as of May 31, 2020	$	(9,142	)	$	(21,886	)	$	(4,189	)	$	(35,217	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		6,581			484			16,765			23,830
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			6,028			6,028
Income tax effect		676			(116	)		(5,013	)		(4,453	)
Balance as of November 30, 2020	$	(1,885	)	$	(21,518	)	$	13,591		$	(9,812	)

(a) The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net earnings for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Non-Qualified Stock Options

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Schedule of Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Stock Options

The following assumptions were used to value these stock options:

Dividend yield	2.10	%
Expected volatility	41.62	%
Risk-free interest rate	1.11	%
Expected term (years)	6.0

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Earnings per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Attributable to Controlling Interest

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	November 30,					November 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2021		2020			2021		2020
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest -
income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	110,301	$	(74,044	)	$	242,792	$	542,631
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to
controlling interest - weighted average common shares		50,381		52,988			50,618		53,532
Effect of dilutive securities		833		-			914		907
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to
controlling interest - adjusted weighted average common shares		51,214		52,988			51,532		54,439
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.19	$	(1.40	)	$	4.80	$	10.14
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$	2.15	$	(1.40	)	$	4.71	$	9.97

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Segment Operations (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Equity Income from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in the Measurement of Segment Profit

For the periods presented, equity income from our unconsolidated joint ventures is included in the measurement of segment profit as shown in the table below.

Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in Segment Profit
Steel Processing	Consumer Products	Building Products	Sustainable Energy Solutions	Other
Serviacero Worthington	N/A	WAVE	N/A	Cabs
		ClarkDietrich		ArtiFlex

Financial Information for Reportable Segments

The following table presents summarized financial information for our reportable segments for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended November 30, 2021
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products		Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	937,842		$	140,793	$	121,125	$	33,101	$	-		$	1,232,861
Restructuring and other income, net (1)		(182	)		-		-		-		(1,822	)		(2,004	)
Miscellaneous income, net		17			159		218		82		564			1,040
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		8,823			-		49,894		-		1,501			60,218
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes		71,925			17,584		54,718		796		1,893			146,916

	Three Months Ended November 30, 2020
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products			Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	468,723		$	117,513		$	93,989	$	34,023	$	16,844		$	731,092
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			-			-		-		3,815			3,815
Restructuring and other expense, net (1)		375			120			-		-		7,101			7,596
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			-			-		-		4,570			4,570
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		(5	)		(96	)		70		69		338			376
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		1,861			-			22,692		-		1,078			25,631
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		34,381			17,432			25,964		1,534		(5,633	)		73,678

⁽¹⁾ Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $81 and $(142) for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

	Six Months Ended November 30, 2021
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products		Building Products		Sustainable Energy Solutions			Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	1,760,652		$	288,576	$	235,868	$	58,583		$	-		$	2,343,679
Restructuring and other income, net (2)		(12,313	)		-		-		(143	)		(1,822	)		(14,278	)
Miscellaneous income, net		47			209		144		22			1,248			1,670
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		18,172			-		92,887		-			2,075			113,134
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		179,617			38,140		103,471		(1,760	)		1,479			320,947

	Six Months Ended November 30, 2020
(in thousands)	Steel Processing			Consumer Products			Building Products			Sustainable Energy Solutions		Other			Consolidated
Net sales	$	899,743		$	251,135		$	182,092		$	61,880	$	39,151		$	1,434,001
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			506			1,423			-		11,810			13,739
Restructuring and other expense, net (2)		1,846			120			-			-		7,478			9,444
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains		-			-			-			-		54,081			54,081
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		(48	)		(117	)		(92	)		151		933			827
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		3,170			-			45,243			-		852			49,265
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		48,557			41,341			49,337			973		(13,461	)		126,747
(2) Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $6,027 and $(257) for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

Total assets for each of our reportable segments as of the dates indicated were as follows:

	November 30,		May 31,
	2021		2021
Total assets
Steel Processing	$	1,858,313	$	1,359,598
Consumer Products		547,132		541,028
Building Products		615,755		664,113
Sustainable Energy Solutions		118,834		169,550
Other		377,598		638,956
Total assets	$	3,517,632	$	3,373,245

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Acquisitions (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Schedule of Acquisition of Intangible Assets

In connection with the acquisition of Shiloh, the Company identified and valued the following intangible assets:

(in thousands)
Category	Amount		Useful Life (Years)
Customer relationships	$	34,500	15-20
Non-compete agreement		290		3
In-process research & development		1,300	Indefinite
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$	36,090

Schedule of Consideration Transferred for the Assets and the Preliminary Fair Value Assigned to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.

(in thousands)	Preliminary Valuation			Measurement Period Adjustments			Revised Valuation
Accounts receivable	$	44,191		$	-		$	44,191
Inventories		13,971			-			13,971
Property, plant and equipment		30,461			-			30,461
Intangible assets		34,280			1,810			36,090
Operating lease assets		59,905			-			59,905
Total identifiable assets		182,808			1,810			184,618
Accounts payable		(44,822	)		-			(44,822	)
Current operating lease liabilities		(1,555	)		-			(1,555	)
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		(58,350	)		-			(58,350	)
Net identifiable assets		78,081			1,810			79,891
Goodwill		26,669			(1,810	)		24,859
Purchase price	$	104,750		$	-		$	104,750

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2021:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	660	Accounts payable	$	6,207
	Other assets		-	Other liabilities		1,068
Total		$	660		$	7,275
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	8,555	Accounts payable	$	6,916
	Other assets		313	Other liabilities		545
			8,868			7,461
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Other assets		60	Accounts payable		390
Total			8,928			7,851
Total derivative instruments		$	9,588		$	15,126

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at May 31, 2021:

	Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Balance			Balance
	Sheet	Fair		Sheet	Fair
(in thousands)	Location	Value		Location	Value
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	53,125	Accounts payable	$	-
	Other assets		23	Other liabilities		111
Total		$	53,148		$	111
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	24,621	Accounts payable	$	14,554
	Other assets		379	Other liabilities		-
			25,000			14,554
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-	Accounts payable		532
Total		$	25,000		$	15,086
Total derivative instruments		$	78,148		$	15,197

Schedule of Summary of Derivative Hedges

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative instruments outstanding at November 30, 2021:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount			Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	119,233		December 2021 - August 2023
Foreign currency exchange contracts		(7,189	)	December 2021 - July 2022

Schedule of Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into net earnings (loss) for derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

(in thousands)	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI			Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings
For the three months ended November 30, 2021:
Commodity contracts	$	(21,002	)	Cost of goods sold	$	47,706
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		27
Foreign currency exchange contracts		60		Miscellaneous income, net		3
Total	$	(20,942	)		$	47,736
For the three months ended November 30, 2020:
Commodity contracts	$	16,381		Cost of goods sold	$	(2,690	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(470	)
Total	$	16,381			$	(3,160	)
For the six months ended November 30, 2021:
Commodity contracts	$	14,218		Cost of goods sold	$	83,165
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		(13	)
Foreign currency exchange contracts		61		Miscellaneous income, net		3
Total	$	14,279			$	83,155
For the six months ended November 30, 2020:
Commodity contracts	$	16,765		Cost of goods sold	$	(5,331	)
Interest rate contracts	-			Interest expense		(697	)
Total	$	16,765			$	(6,028	)

Schedule of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings for Economic (Non-Designated) Derivative Financial Instruments

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		In Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Three Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2021			2020
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(10,135	)	$	8,905
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(588	)		1
Total		$	(10,723	)	$	8,906

		Gain (Loss) Recognized
		in Earnings for the
	Location of Gain (Loss)	Six Months Ended November 30,
(in thousands)	Recognized in Earnings	2021			2020
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	(19,392	)	$	12,198
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		(249	)		(73	)
Total		$	(19,641	)	$	12,125

Cash Flow Hedges

Schedule of Summary of Derivative Hedges

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at November 30, 2021:

	Notional
(in thousands)	Amount		Maturity Date
Commodity contracts	$	221,292	December 2021 - December 2022
Foreign currency exchange contracts		6,082	December 2021 - March 2023

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Fair Value (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Nov. 30, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

At November 30, 2021, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	9,588	$	-	$	9,588
Total assets	$	-	$	9,588	$	-	$	9,588
Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	15,126	$	-	$	15,126
Total liabilities	$	-	$	15,126	$	-	$	15,126

At May 31, 2021, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

			Significant
	Quoted Prices		Other		Significant
	in Active		Observable		Unobservable
	Markets		Inputs		Inputs
(in thousands)	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	78,148	$	-	$	78,148
Total assets	$	-	$	78,148	$	-	$	78,148
Liabilities
Derivative instruments (1)	$	-	$	15,197	$	-	$	15,197
Total liabilities	$	-	$	15,197	$	-	$	15,197

(1) The fair value of our derivative instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities.  Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows.  Refer to “NOTE Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative instruments.

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Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Detail) - Joint Venture Transactions	Nov. 30, 2021 JointVenture
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number Of Joint Ventures	4
Spartan
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of controlling interest by the Company	52.00%
TWB
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of controlling interest by the Company	55.00%
Samuel
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of controlling interest by the Company	63.00%
Worthington Specialty Processing
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of controlling interest by the Company	51.00%

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Revenue Recognition - Revenue by Product Class and Timing (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales		$ 1,232,861	$ 731,092	$ 2,343,679	$ 1,434,001
Over time revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales		37,176	39,534	71,958	73,445
Steel Processing
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales		937,842	468,723	1,760,652	899,743
Other
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales			16,844		39,151
Direct | Steel Processing
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales		900,666	433,556	1,688,694	838,364
Toll | Steel Processing
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales		37,176	35,167	71,958	61,379
Toll | Steel Processing | Over time revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales		37,176	35,167	71,958	61,379
Building Products
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	[1]	121,125	93,989	235,868	182,092
Consumer products
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	[1]	140,793	117,513	288,576	251,135
Sustainable Energy Solutions
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales	[1]	$ 33,101	34,023	$ 58,583	61,880
Oil & gas equipment | Other
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales			6,646		16,542
Engineered Cabs | Other
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales			84		1,070
Other | Other
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales			10,114		21,539
Certain oil & gas equipment contracts | Over time revenue
Disaggregation Of Revenue [Line Items]
Net sales			$ 4,367		$ 12,066

[1] The products contained within each of these reportable segments have similar production processes, require substantially the same raw materials, use similar equipment and serve similar purposes. Therefore, we believe the products within each of these segments are appropriately combined for purposes of the disclosure requirements prescribed by ASC 280 and ASC 606.  See NOTE O - Segment Operations for information regarding the reorganization of our pressure cylinders business and the resulting new reportable segments, effective June 1, 2021.

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Revenue Recognition - Summary of Unbilled Receivables (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Receivables
Unbilled Receivables And Contract Assets [Line Items]
Unbilled receivables	$ 5,636	$ 5,317

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Revenue Recognition - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]
Contract assets	$ 0	$ 0
Amount of performance obligation related to contracts with expected duration greater than one year	$ 0

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Investment in Nikola - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of Nikola shares	$ 0		$ 0	$ 0	$ 487,859,000
Gains on investment in Nikola	0		(143,780,000)	0	652,362,000
Charitable contribution of Nikola shares	$ 0		$ 0	$ 0	$ 20,653,000
Nikola Corporation
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Marketable securities effective date				Jun. 03, 2020
Marketable securities number of shares owned				19,048,020
Proceeds from sale of Nikola shares		$ 796,141,000
Gains on investment in Nikola		$ 508,511,000
Number of shares sold		12,000,000
Marketable securities unrealized market to market gain		$ 287,630,000
Number of marketable securities unrealized market to market gain		7,048,000
Incremental expenses on gains from marketable securities		$ 49,511,000		$ 4,570,000
Profit sharing and bonus expense on marketable securities gain		28,858,000
Charitable contribution of Nikola shares		$ 20,653,000
Number of shares contributed of marketable securities		500,000
Market price	$ 20.41			$ 20.41		$ 40.81
Marketable securities market price dropped per share				$ 20.41
Marketable securities unrealized market to market loss				$ 143,780,000
Number of shares of common stock marketable securities	7,048,000			7,048,000
Marketable securities realized pre-tax gain				$ 652,362,000

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates	$ 48,642
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate	$ 291,397	$ 233,126
ArtiFlex
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	50.00%
ClarkDietrich
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	25.00%
Cabs
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	20.00%
Serviacero Worthington
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	50.00%
WAVE
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	50.00%
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate	$ 94,836

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates - Schedule of Combined Financial Information for Unconsolidated Affiliates (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	May 31, 2021
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Total assets	$ 3,517,632				$ 3,517,632		$ 3,373,245
Current liabilities	820,158				820,158		787,901
Current maturities of long-term debt	280				280		458
Long-term debt	701,892				701,892		710,031
Other noncurrent liabilities	81,786				81,786		82,824
Equity	1,479,797				1,479,797		1,398,193
Total liabilities and equity	3,517,632				3,517,632		3,373,245
Net sales	1,232,861		$ 731,092		2,343,679	$ 1,434,001
Gross margin	184,591		135,474		403,965	248,832
Operating income	90,465		37,364		226,262	7,243
Depreciation and amortization	21,090		21,560		43,154	43,771
Income tax expense	31,226		(19,445)		71,376	144,333
Net earnings	113,185	$ 141,475	(68,512)	$ 618,738	254,660	550,226
Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee, Other
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Cash	34,797				34,797		11,651
Other current assets	1,140,126				1,140,126		733,834
Noncurrent assets	365,845				365,845		382,585
Total assets	1,540,768				1,540,768		1,128,070
Current liabilities	403,512				403,512		232,626
Short-term borrowings	2,879				2,879		1,155
Current maturities of long-term debt	58,753				58,753		30,209
Long-term debt	298,945				298,945		311,871
Other noncurrent liabilities	104,418				104,418		92,209
Equity	672,261				672,261		460,000
Total liabilities and equity	1,540,768				1,540,768		$ 1,128,070
Net sales	858,165		451,198		1,603,160	856,518
Gross margin	226,502		96,561		416,176	189,610
Operating income	184,779		64,890		330,767	122,843
Depreciation and amortization	7,848		8,672		16,075	16,402
Interest expense (income)	(2,711)		2,832		(5,172)	5,777
Income tax expense	8,565		2,322		16,461	4,052
Net earnings	$ 173,915		$ 60,943		$ 312,803	$ 117,516

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Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets - Summary of Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill (Detail) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance	$ 351,056
Acquisitions and purchase accounting adjustments	25,096
Translation adjustments	(5,961)
Balance	370,191
Steel Processing
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance	20,218
Acquisitions and purchase accounting adjustments	24,859
Balance	45,077
Consumer products
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance	240,940	[1]
Acquisitions and purchase accounting adjustments	237	[1]
Balance	241,177	[1]
Building Products
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance	72,273	[1]
Translation adjustments	(4,073)	[1]
Balance	68,200	[1]
Sustainable Energy Solutions
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance	17,625	[1]
Translation adjustments	(1,888)	[1]
Balance	$ 15,737	[1]

[1] In connection with the reorganization of the Company's pressure cylinders business, effective June 1, 2021, the goodwill of our former Pressure Cylinders reporting unit was allocated to the new reporting units on a relative fair value basis.  Refer to Note O – Segment Operations for additional information.

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Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	May 31, 2021
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 370,191,000	$ 370,191,000			$ 370,191,000		$ 351,056,000
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets		0		$ 3,815,000	0	$ 13,739,000
Impairment of long-lived assets		0		3,815,000	0	13,739,000
Long Lived Assets Held And Used | Fair Value, Nonrecurring | Oil and Gas Properties
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Fixed asset net book value	7,375,000	7,375,000			7,375,000
Intangible assets net book value					2,374,000
Impairment of long-lived assets					1,441,000
Long Lived Assets Held And Used | Fair Value, Nonrecurring | Oil and Gas Properties | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Fair market value of assets	5,934,000	5,934,000			5,934,000
Other
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Goodwill	0	$ 0			$ 0		0
Impairment of goodwill	$ 198,290,000						$ 198,290,000
Impairment of long-lived assets				$ 3,815,000		$ 11,810,000
Cryogenics
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets			$ 4,333,000
Impairment of long-lived assets			3,662,000
Cryogenics | Long Lived Assets Held for Sale
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Carrying value long-lived assets			13,526,000
Cryogenics | Long Lived Assets Held for Sale | Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Fair market value of assets			9,193,000
Jefferson
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets			1,423,000
Jefferson | Long Lived Assets Held And Used
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Carrying value long-lived assets			1,823,000
Jefferson | Long Lived Assets Held And Used | Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Fair market value of assets			400,000
Superior Tools
Impaired Long Lived Assets Held And Used [Line Items]
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets			$ 506,000

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Restructuring and Other Income, Net - Schedule of Progression of Liabilities Associated with Restructuring Activities, Combined with Reconciliation to Restructuring and Other Income, Net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Beginning Balance				$ 1,220
Expense (income)				(799)
Payments				(172)
Adjustments				(55)
Ending Balance		$ 194		194
Net gain on sale of assets	[1]			(12,637)
Gain on lease buyout	[2]			(842)
Restructuring and other income, net		(2,004)	$ 7,596	(14,278)	$ 9,444
Early Retirement And Severance
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Beginning Balance				771
Expense (income)				(350)
Payments				(172)
Adjustments				(55)
Ending Balance		194		194
Facility Exit And Other Costs
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Beginning Balance				449
Expense (income)				(449)
Payments				0
Adjustments				0
Ending Balance		$ 0		$ 0

[1] The net gain on sale of assets during the six months ended November 30, 2021, resulted primarily from the June 8, 2021, sale of our WSP joint venture’s facility in Canton, Michigan.  In connection with the sale, the Company realized net cash proceeds of $19,850,000 resulting in a pre-tax gain of $12,244,000.

[2] On September 10, 2021, the Company executed an agreement to buyout the remaining term of the operating lease at its fabricated products business in Stow, Ohio, for $1,100,000, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $842,000.  This facility was retained in connection with the divestiture of the Company’s former engineered cabs business and has not been operational since June of calendar 2020.

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Restructuring and Other Income, Net - Schedule of Progression of Liabilities Associated with Restructuring Activities, Combined with Reconciliation to Restructuring and Other Income, Net (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($)	Sep. 10, 2021	Jun. 08, 2021
Fabricated Products Business in Stow, Ohio
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Operating lease buyout payment	$ 1,100,000
Operating lease buyout pretax gain	$ 842,000
WSP Joint Venture
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Net cash proceeds		$ 19,850,000
Pre-tax gain on sale of joint venture facility		$ 12,244,000

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Contingent Liabilities and Commitments - Additional Information (Detail) $ in Thousands	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Tank Replacement Costs
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Reserve for replacement program	$ 4,864,000

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Guarantees - Additional Information (Detail)	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Stand-by Letters of Credit
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Letter of credit amount outstanding	$ 16,837,000
Drawn amount of letter of credit outstanding	0
Operating Lease of Aircraft
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum potential obligation	$ 18,881,000

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Debt - Additional Information (Detail) - Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility - USD ($)			6 Months Ended
	Aug. 20, 2021	Feb. 16, 2018	Nov. 30, 2021
Debt And Receivables Securitization [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 500,000,000
Maturity date	Aug. 20, 2026	Feb. 16, 2023
Line of credit facility, description			We maintain a $500,000,000 multi-year revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with a group of lenders.  On August 20, 2021, the Company amended and restated the Credit Facility, extending the final maturity from February 16, 2023 to August 20, 2026 while keeping in place the $500,000,000 aggregate commitments under the Credit Facility. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year.  We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the Daily LIBOR Rate, the Prime Rate of PNC Bank, National Association or the Overnight Bank Funding Rate.
Borrowings outstanding			$ 0
Maximum
Debt And Receivables Securitization [Line Items]
Debt maturity period			1 year

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Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income - Summary of Tax Effects on Each Component of OCI (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Components Of Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Abstract]
Foreign currency translation, before tax		$ (4,507)		$ (1,027)		$ (8,124)	$ 6,581
Foreign currency translation, tax		(365)		(24)		(723)	676
Foreign currency translation, net of tax		(4,872)		(1,051)		(8,847)	7,257
Pension liability adjustment, before tax	$ 0			(4)		0	484
Pension liability adjustment, tax	0			0		0	(116)
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax	0			(4)		0	368
Cash flow hedges, before tax	(68,677)			19,540		(68,876)	22,793
Cash flow hedges, tax	15,691			(4,322)		15,591	(5,012)
Cash flow hedges, net of tax	(52,986)	(52,986)		15,218		(53,285)	17,781
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(73,184)			18,509		(77,000)	29,858
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax	15,326			(4,346)		14,868	(4,452)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	$ (57,858)	$ (57,858)	$ (4,274)	$ 14,163	$ 11,242	$ (62,132)	$ 25,406

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Changes in Equity - Summary of Changes in Equity by Component and in Total (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2021	Aug. 31, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Aug. 31, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Balance		$ 1,606,632	$ 1,551,695	$ 1,529,900	$ 966,433	$ 1,551,695	$ 966,433
Net earnings (loss)		113,185	141,475	(68,512)	618,738	254,660	550,226
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$ (57,858)	(57,858)	(4,274)	14,163	11,242	(62,132)	25,406
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(2,694)	(4,091)	2,294	(1,150)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		257	89	292	90
Stock-based compensation		3,304	6,324	3,499	3,022
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(12,702)	(60,885)	(38,563)	(54,320)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture				925
Cash dividends declared		(14,154)	(14,504)	(13,527)	(13,595)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		(2,879)	(9,197)		(560)
Balance	1,633,091	1,633,091	1,606,632	1,430,471	1,529,900	1,633,091	1,430,471
Additional Paid-in Capital
Balance		279,635	282,790	278,202	283,776	282,790	283,776
Net earnings (loss)		0	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)		0	0	0	0
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(2,694)	(4,091)	2,294	(1,150)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		257	89	292	90
Stock-based compensation		3,304	6,324	3,499	3,022
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(1,297)	(5,477)	(4,486)	(7,536)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture				0
Cash dividends declared		0	0	0	0
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		0	0		0
Balance	279,205	279,205	279,635	279,801	278,202	279,205	279,801
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax
Balance		41,113	45,387	(23,975)	(35,217)	45,387	(35,217)
Net earnings (loss)		0	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(57,858)	(4,274)	14,163	11,242
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		0	0	0	0
Common shares in non-qualified plans		0	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation		0	0	0	0
Purchases and retirement of common shares		0	0	0	0
Contribution to Samuel joint venture				0
Cash dividends declared		0	0	0	0
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		0	0		0
Balance	(16,745)	(16,745)	41,113	(9,812)	(23,975)	(16,745)	(9,812)
Retained Earnings
Balance		1,132,595	1,070,016	1,128,558	572,262	1,070,016	572,262
Net earnings (loss)		110,301	132,491	(74,044)	616,675
Other comprehensive income (loss)		0	0	0	0
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		0	0	0	0
Common shares in non-qualified plans		0	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation		0	0	0	0
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(11,405)	(55,408)	(34,077)	(46,784)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture				0
Cash dividends declared		(14,154)	(14,504)	(13,527)	(13,595)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		0	0		0
Balance	1,217,337	1,217,337	1,132,595	1,006,910	1,128,558	1,217,337	1,006,910
Parent
Balance		1,453,343	1,398,193	1,382,785	820,821	1,398,193	820,821
Net earnings (loss)		110,301	132,491	(74,044)	616,675
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(57,858)	(4,274)	14,163	11,242
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(2,694)	(4,091)	2,294	(1,150)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		257	89	292	90
Stock-based compensation		3,304	6,324	3,499	3,022
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(12,702)	(60,885)	(38,563)	(54,320)
Contribution to Samuel joint venture				0
Cash dividends declared		(14,154)	(14,504)	(13,527)	(13,595)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		0	0		0
Balance	1,479,797	1,479,797	1,453,343	1,276,899	1,382,785	1,479,797	1,276,899
Noncontrolling Interest
Balance		153,289	153,502	147,115	145,612	153,502	145,612
Net earnings (loss)		2,884	8,984	5,532	2,063
Other comprehensive income (loss)		0	0	0	0
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		0	0	0	0
Common shares in non-qualified plans		0	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation		0	0	0	0
Purchases and retirement of common shares		0	0	0	0
Contribution to Samuel joint venture				925
Cash dividends declared		0	0	0	0
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		(2,879)	(9,197)		(560)
Balance	$ 153,294	$ 153,294	$ 153,289	$ 153,572	$ 147,115	$ 153,294	$ 153,572

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Changes in Equity - Summary of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands			3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
		Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance			$ 1,529,900	$ 1,551,695	$ 966,433
Income tax effect		$ 15,326	(4,346)	14,868	(4,452)
Balance		1,633,091	1,430,471	1,633,091	1,430,471
Foreign Currency Translation
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance				1,779	(9,142)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications				(8,124)	6,581
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings	[1]			0	0
Income tax effect				(723)	676
Balance		(7,068)	(1,885)	(7,068)	(1,885)
Pension Liability Adjustment
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance				(15,955)	(21,886)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications				0	484
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings	[1]			0	0
Income tax effect				0	(116)
Balance		(15,955)	(21,518)	(15,955)	(21,518)
Cash Flow Hedges
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance				59,563	(4,189)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications				14,279	16,765
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings	[1]			(83,155)	6,028
Income tax effect				15,591	(5,013)
Balance		6,278	13,591	6,278	13,591
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance			(23,975)	45,387	(35,217)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications				6,155	23,830
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings	[1]			(83,155)	6,028
Income tax effect				14,868	(4,453)
Balance		$ (16,745)	$ (9,812)	$ (16,745)	$ (9,812)

[1] The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net earnings for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

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Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense	$ 4,248,000	$ 4,854,000	$ 7,551,000	$ 9,710,000
Non-Qualified Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-qualified stock options, granted			54,500,000
Non-qualified stock option, per share weighted average price			$ 60.19
Non-qualified stock option, fair value, per share price			$ 19.73
Pre-tax stock-based compensation, period of recognition			3 years
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense			$ 1,075,080
Service-Based Restricted Common Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Pre-tax stock-based compensation, period of recognition			3 years
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense			$ 9,048,253,000
Restricted common shares, granted			154,050
Restricted common shares, fair value per share			$ 58.11
Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense			$ 2,191,000
Restricted common shares, granted			36,400
Pre-tax stock-based compensation, period of recognition			3 years

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Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions To Value Stock Options (Detail) - Non-Qualified Stock Options	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	2.10%
Expected volatility	41.62%
Risk-free interest rate	1.11%
Expected term (years)	6 years

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Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail)	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Estimated annual effective income tax rate	22.80%	21.50%

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Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Attributable to Controlling Interest (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interest - income (loss) available to common shareholders	$ 110,301	$ (74,044)	$ 242,792	$ 542,631
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest - weighted average common shares	50,381	52,988	50,618	53,532
Effect of dilutive securities	833		914	907
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest - adjusted weighted average common shares	51,214	52,988	51,532	54,439
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$ 2.19	$ (1.40)	$ 4.80	$ 10.14
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to controlling interest	$ 2.15	$ (1.40)	$ 4.71	$ 9.97

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Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Detail) - shares		3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Shares excluded from computation of diluted earnings per share	54,500	1,030,835	47,352	492,011

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Segment Operations - Additional Information (Detail)	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021 Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments	3
Engineered Cabs
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Date of disposition	Nov. 01, 2019

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Segment Operations - Schedule of Equity Income from Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in the Measurement of Segment Profit (Detail)	6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021
Steel Processing
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in each Segment	Serviacero Worthington
Consumer products
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in each Segment	N/A
Building Products
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in each Segment	WAVE ClarkDietrich
Sustainable Energy Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in each Segment	N/A
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures Included in each Segment	CabsArtiFlex

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Segment Operations - Financial Information for Reportable Segments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
		Nov. 30, 2021		Nov. 30, 2020		Nov. 30, 2021		Nov. 30, 2020		May 31, 2021
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		$ 1,232,861		$ 731,092		$ 2,343,679		$ 1,434,001
Impairment of long-lived assets		0		3,815		0		13,739
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(2,004)		7,596		(14,278)		9,444
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		60,218		25,631		113,134		49,265
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		144,411		(87,957)		326,036		694,559
Total assets		3,517,632				3,517,632				$ 3,373,245
Steel Processing
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		937,842		468,723		1,760,652		899,743
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(182)	[1]	375	[1]	(12,313)	[2]	1,846	[2]
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		17		(5)		47		(48)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		8,823		1,861		18,172		3,170
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		71,925		34,381		179,617		48,557
Total assets		1,858,313				1,858,313				1,359,598
Consumer products
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		140,793		117,513		288,576		251,135
Impairment of long-lived assets								506
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net				120	[1]			120	[2]
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		159		(96)		209		(117)
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		17,584		17,432		38,140		41,341
Total assets		547,132				547,132				541,028
Building Products
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		121,125		93,989		235,868		182,092
Impairment of long-lived assets								1,423
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		218		70		144		(92)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		49,894		22,692		92,887		45,243
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		54,718		25,964		103,471		49,337
Total assets		615,755				615,755				664,113
Sustainable Energy Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		33,101		34,023		58,583		61,880
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net	[2]					(143)
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		82		69		22		151
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		796		1,534		(1,760)		973
Total assets		118,834				118,834				169,550
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales				16,844				39,151
Impairment of long-lived assets				3,815				11,810
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(1,822)	[1]	7,101	[1]	(1,822)	[2]	7,478	[2]
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains				4,570				54,081
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		564		338		1,248		933
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		1,501		1,078		2,075		852
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		1,893		(5,633)		1,479		(13,461)
Total assets		377,598				377,598				$ 638,956
Consolidated
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		1,232,861		731,092		2,343,679		1,434,001
Impairment of long-lived assets				3,815				13,739
Restructuring and other (income) expense, net		(2,004)	[1]	7,596	[1]	(14,278)	[2]	9,444	[2]
Incremental expenses related to Nikola gains				4,570				54,081
Miscellaneous income (loss), net		1,040		376		1,670		827
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		60,218		25,631		113,134		49,265
Adjusted earnings (loss) before interest and taxes		$ 146,916		$ 73,678		$ 320,947		$ 126,747

[1] Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $81 and $(142) for the three months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

[2] Includes the noncontrolling interest portion of restructuring (charges) gains of $6,027 and $(257) for the six months ended November 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively

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Segment Operations - Financial Information for Reportable Segments (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Restructuring (charges) gains	$ 81	$ (142)	$ 6,027	$ (257)

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Acquisitions - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 08, 2021 USD ($) Facility	Nov. 30, 2021 USD ($)	May 31, 2021 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 370,191	$ 351,056
TWB
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of laser welding facilities | Facility	3
Number of blanking facility | Facility	1
Goodwill	$ 20,000
Shiloh Industries' U S Blank Light
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total consideration for acquired entity	104,750
Goodwill	$ 24,859
Shiloh Industries' U S Blank Light | TWB
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	55.00%

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Acquisitions - Schedule of Acquisition of Identifiable Intangible Assets (Detail) - Shiloh Industries' U S Blank Light $ in Thousands	Jun. 08, 2021 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$ 36,090
Customer Relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired finite lived intangible assets	$ 34,500
Customer Relationships | Minimum [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Useful Life (Years)	15 years
Customer Relationships | Maximum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Useful Life (Years)	20 years
Non Compete Agreement
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired finite lived intangible assets	$ 290
Useful Life (Years)	3 years
In Process Research & Development
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired indefinite lived intangible assets	$ 1,300

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Acquisitions - Schedule of Consideration Transferred and the Preliminary Fair Value Assigned to Assets Acquired And Liabilities Assumed (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 08, 2021	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 370,191	$ 351,056
Shiloh Industries' U S Blank Light
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Accounts receivable	$ 44,191
Inventories	13,971
Property, plant and equipment	30,461
Intangible assets	36,090
Operating lease assets	59,905
Total identifiable assets	184,618
Accounts payable	(44,822)
Current operating lease liabilities	(1,555)
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	(58,350)
Net identifiable assets	79,891
Goodwill	24,859
Total consideration for acquired entity	104,750
Shiloh Industries' U S Blank Light | Preliminary Valuation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Accounts receivable	44,191
Inventories	13,971
Property, plant and equipment	30,461
Intangible assets	34,280
Operating lease assets	59,905
Total identifiable assets	182,808
Accounts payable	(44,822)
Current operating lease liabilities	(1,555)
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	(58,350)
Net identifiable assets	78,081
Goodwill	26,669
Total consideration for acquired entity	104,750
Shiloh Industries' U S Blank Light | Measurement Period Adjustments
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	1,810
Total identifiable assets	1,810
Net identifiable assets	1,810
Goodwill	$ (1,810)

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	$ 9,588	$ 78,148
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	15,126	15,197
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	660	53,148
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	7,275	111
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Accounts Payable
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	6,207
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Receivables
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	660	53,125
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Other Assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value		23
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Other Liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	1,068	111
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	8,928	25,000
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	7,851	15,086
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	8,868	25,000
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	7,461	14,554
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Accounts Payable
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	6,916	14,554
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Receivables
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	8,555	24,621
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Other Assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	313	379
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Other Liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	545
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Accounts Payable
Derivative [Line Items]
Liability Derivatives at Fair Value	390	$ 532
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Other Assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Asset Derivatives at Fair Value	$ 60

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Derivative Instruments And Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Impact to fair value of derivative assets and liabilities as a result of recognition on a gross basis	$ 15,660,000	$ 16,594,000
Gains in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be reclassified into net earnings	6,192,000
Gains in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be reclassified into net earnings, tax	$ 2,798,000

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Summary of Derivative Hedges (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ (10,723,000)	$ 8,906,000	$ (19,641,000)	$ 12,125,000
Commodity Contracts | Minimum [Member] | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Dec. 01, 2021
Notional Amount			$ 119,233,000
Commodity Contracts | Maximum | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Aug. 31, 2023
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Minimum [Member] | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Dec. 01, 2021
Notional Amount			$ (7,189,000)
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Maximum | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Jul. 31, 2023
Cash Flow Hedges | Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	221,292,000		$ 221,292,000
Cash Flow Hedges | Commodity Contracts | Minimum [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Dec. 01, 2021
Cash Flow Hedges | Commodity Contracts | Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Dec. 31, 2022
Cash Flow Hedges | Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 6,082,000		$ 6,082,000
Cash Flow Hedges | Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Minimum [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Dec. 01, 2021
Cash Flow Hedges | Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date			Mar. 31, 2023

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	$ (20,942)	$ 16,381	$ 14,279	$ 16,765
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	47,736	(3,160)	83,155	(6,028)
Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	(21,002)	16,381	14,218	16,765
Commodity Contracts | Cost of Sales
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	47,706	(2,690)	83,165	(5,331)
Interest Rate Contract | Interest Expense
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	27	$ (470)	(13)	$ (697)
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	60		61
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Miscellaneous Income Net
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	$ 3		$ 3

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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings for Economic (Non-Designated) Derivative Financial Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020	Nov. 30, 2021	Nov. 30, 2020
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings	$ (10,723)	$ 8,906	$ (19,641)	$ 12,125
Commodity Contracts | Cost of Sales
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings	(10,135)	8,905	(19,392)	12,198
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Miscellaneous Income, Net
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings	$ (588)	$ 1	$ (249)	$ (73)

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Fair Value - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Detail) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets		$ 9,588	$ 78,148
Liabilities		15,126	15,197
Derivative Instruments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	[1]	9,588	78,148
Liabilities	[1]	15,126	15,197
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets		9,588	78,148
Liabilities		15,126	15,197
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Derivative Instruments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	[1]	9,588	78,148
Liabilities	[1]	$ 15,126	$ 15,197

[1] The fair value of our derivative instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities.  Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows.  Refer to “NOTE Q – Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative instruments.

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Fair Value - Additional Information (Detail) - Long-term Debt - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Nov. 30, 2021	May 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt at fair value including current maturities	$ 771,923	$ 792,632
Long-term debt at carrying amount including current maturities	$ 702,172	$ 710,489

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Subsequent Events - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 01, 2021 USD ($)
Tempel Steel Company | Subsequent Event
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total consideration for acquired entity	$ 275