10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission File Number 001-08399

WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Ohio	31-1189815
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
200 West Old Wilson Bridge Road, Columbus, Ohio	43085
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(614) 438-3210

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, Without Par Value	WOR	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

On September 30, 2024, the number of common shares, without par value, of the registrant issued and outstanding was 50,260,265.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Commonly Used or Defined Terms			ii
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements			iii
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Definitions			1
Part I. Financial Information
	Item 1.	Financial Statements
		Consolidated Balance Sheets – August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024	3
		Consolidated Statements of Earnings – Three months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023	4
		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023	5
		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three months ended August 31, 2024 and 2023	6
		Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	7
	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	21
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	29
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	29
Part II. Other Information
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	30
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	30
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	30
	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	31
	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	31
	Item 5.	Other Information	31
	Item 6.	Exhibits	31
Signatures			32

i

COMMONLY USED OR DEFINED TERMS

References in this Form 10-Q to “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company” are collectively to Worthington Enterprises and its consolidated subsidiaries. In addition, the following terms, when used in this Form 10-Q, have the meanings set forth below:

Term	Definition
ABI	Architecture Billings Index
AOCI	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Board	Board of Directors of Worthington Enterprises, Inc.
CARES Act	Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act
ClarkDietrich	Clarkwestern Dietrich Building Systems LLC
CODM	Chief Operating Decision Maker
common shares	The common shares, no par value, of Worthington Enterprises
COVID-19	The novel coronavirus disease first known to originate in December 2019
Credit Facility	Our $500,000,000 unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders
EPS	Earnings per common share
equity income	Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates
Exchange Act	Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
Form 10-Q	Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024
fiscal 2024	Our fiscal year ended May 31, 2024
fiscal 2025	Our fiscal year ended May 31, 2025
first quarter of fiscal 2024	Our fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2023
first quarter of fiscal 2025	Our fiscal quarter ended August 31, 2024
GAAP	U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
GDP	Gross domestic product
Halo	WH Products, LLC
HMI	The National Association of Home Builders/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index
MD&A	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
New Senior Notes	Collectively, the senior unsecured note issued by Worthington Enterprises on August 23, 2019, in the principal amount of €36,700,000 that bears interest at a rate of 2.06% and is scheduled to be repaid on August 23, 2031, and the senior unsecured notes issued by Worthington Enterprises on August 23, 2019, in the principal amount of €55,000,000 that bear interest at a rate of 2.40% and are scheduled to be repaid on August 23, 2034.
OCI	Other comprehensive income (loss)
PSLRA	Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended
Ragasco	Hexagon Ragasco AS
SEC	Securities and Exchange Commission
Separation	The separation of our former steel processing business, effective December 1, 2023
SG&A	Selling, general and administrative expenses
SOFR	Secured Overnight Financing Rate
U.S.	United States of America
WAVE	Worthington Armstrong Venture
Workhorse	Taxi Workhorse Holdings, LLC
Worthington Enterprises	Worthington Enterprises, Inc. (formerly known as Worthington Industries, Inc.)
Worthington Steel	Worthington Steel, Inc.
2024 Form 10-K	Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2024 as filed with the SEC on July 30, 2024
2024 Notes	The senior unsecured notes that we issued on August 10, 2012, in the principal amount of $150,000,000, which bore interest at a rate of 4.60%, were set to mature on August 10, 2024, and were paid in full on December 6, 2023.
2026 Notes	The senior unsecured notes that we issued on April 15, 2014, in the principal amount of $250,000,000, which bore interest at a rate of 4.55%, were scheduled to mature on April 15, 2026, and were paid in full on July 28, 2023.

ii

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Selected statements contained in this Form 10-Q, including, without limitation, in MD&A and in “Note E – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments,” constitute “forward-looking statements,” as that term is used in the PSLRA. We wish to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions included in the PSLRA. Forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations, estimates or projections concerning future results or events. These statements are often identified by the use of forward-looking words or phrases such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” “likely,” “estimate,” “project,” “position,” “strategy,” “target,” “aim,” “seek,” “foresee,” and other similar words or phrases. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to:

•future or expected cash positions, liquidity and ability to access financial markets and capital;

•outlook, strategy or business plans;

•anticipated benefits of the Separation;

•expected financial and operational performance, and future opportunities, following the Separation;

•performance on a pro forma basis to illustrate the estimated effects of the Separation on historical periods;

•the tax treatment of the Separation transaction;

•future or expected growth, growth potential, forward momentum, performance, competitive position, sales, volumes, cash flows, earnings, margins, balance sheet strengths, debt, financial condition or other financial measures;

•pricing trends for raw materials and finished goods and the impact of pricing changes;

•the ability to improve or maintain margins;

•expected demand or demand trends;

•additions to product lines and opportunities to participate in new markets;

•expected benefits from transformation and innovation efforts;

•the ability to improve performance and competitive position;

•anticipated working capital needs, capital expenditures and asset sales;

•anticipated improvements and efficiencies in costs, operations, sales, inventory management, sourcing and the supply chain and the results thereof;

•projected profitability potential;

•the ability to make acquisitions, form joint ventures and consolidate operations, and the projected timing, results, benefits, costs, charges and expenditures related to acquisitions, joint ventures, headcount reductions and facility dispositions, shutdowns and consolidations;

•projected capacity and the alignment of operations with demand;

•the ability to operate profitably and generate cash in down markets;

•the ability to capture and maintain market share and to develop or take advantage of future opportunities, customer initiatives, new businesses, new products and new markets;

•expectations for inventories, jobs and orders;

•expectations for the economy and markets or improvements therein;

•expectations for generating improving and sustainable earnings, earnings potential, margins or shareholder value;

•effects of judicial rulings, laws and regulations;

•effects of cybersecurity breaches and other disruptions to information technology infrastructure;

•the lingering effects of COVID-19 on economies and markets, and on our customers, counterparties, employees and third-party service providers; and

•other non-historical matters.

Because they are based on beliefs, estimates and assumptions, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Any number of factors could affect actual results, including, without limitation, those that follow:

•the ability to successfully realize the anticipated benefits of the Separation;

•the effect of conditions in national and worldwide financial markets, including inflation, increases in interest rates and economic recession, and with respect to the ability of financial institutions to provide capital;

•the impact of tariffs, the adoption of trade restrictions affecting our products or suppliers, a U.S. withdrawal from or significant renegotiation of trade agreements, the occurrence of trade wars, the closing of border crossings, and other changes in trade regulations or relationships;

•changing prices and/or supply of steel, natural gas, oil, copper, zinc, and other raw materials;

•product demand and pricing;

•changes in product mix, product substitution and market acceptance of our products;

iii

•volatility or fluctuations in the pricing, quality or availability of raw materials (particularly steel), supplies, transportation, utilities, labor and other items required by operations;

•effects of sourcing and supply chain constraints;

•the outcome of adverse claims experience with respect to workers’ compensation, product recalls or product liability, casualty events or other matters;

•effects of facility closures and the consolidation of operations;

•the effect of financial difficulties, consolidation and other changes within construction and other industries in which we participate;

•failure to maintain appropriate levels of inventories;

•financial difficulties (including bankruptcy filings) of end-users and customers, suppliers, joint venture partners and others with whom we do business;

•the ability to realize targeted expense reductions from headcount reductions, facility closures and other cost reduction efforts;

•the ability to realize cost savings and operational, sales and sourcing improvements and efficiencies, and other expected benefits from transformation initiatives, on a timely basis;

•the overall success of, and the ability to integrate, newly-acquired businesses and joint ventures, maintain and develop their customers, and achieve synergies and other expected benefits and cost savings therefrom;

•capacity levels and efficiencies, within facilities, within major product markets and within the industries in which we participate;

•the effect of disruption in the business of suppliers, customers, facilities and shipping operations due to adverse weather, casualty events, equipment breakdowns, labor shortages, interruption in utility services, civil unrest, international conflicts, terrorist activities, or other causes;

•changes in customer demand, inventories, spending patterns, product choices, and supplier choices;

•risks associated with doing business internationally, including economic, political and social instability, foreign currency exchange rate exposure and the acceptance of our products in global markets;

•the ability to improve and maintain processes and business practices to keep pace with the economic, competitive and technological environment;

•the effect of inflation, interest rate increases and economic recession, which may negatively impact our operations and financial results;

•deviation of actual results from estimates and/or assumptions used by us in the application of our significant accounting policies;

•the level of imports and import prices in our markets;

•the effect of national, regional and global economic conditions generally and within major product markets;

•the impact of environmental laws and regulations or the actions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or similar regulators which increase costs or limit our ability to use or sell certain products;

•the impact of increasing environmental, greenhouse gas emission and sustainability regulations and considerations;

•the impact of judicial rulings and governmental regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad, including those adopted by the SEC and other governmental agencies as contemplated by the CARES Act, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010;

•the effect of healthcare laws in the U.S and potential changes for such laws which may increase our healthcare and other costs and negatively impact our operations and financial results;

•the effects of tax laws in the U.S and potential changes for such laws, which may increase our costs and negatively impact our operations and financial results;

•cyber security risks;

•the effects of privacy and information security laws and standards;

•the seasonality of our operations; and

•other risks described from time to time in our filings with the SEC, including those described in “Part I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of the 2024 Form 10-K.

We note these risk factors for investors as contemplated by the PSLRA. Forward-looking statements should be construed in the light of such risks. It is impossible to predict or identify all potential risk factors. Consequently, readers should not consider the foregoing list to be a complete set of all potential risks and uncertainties. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. We do not undertake, and hereby disclaim, any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

iv

USE OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES AND DEFINITIONS

(In thousands, except per common share amounts)

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES. This Form 10-Q includes certain financial measures that are not calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures typically exclude items that management believes are not reflective of, and thus should not be included when evaluating the performance of our ongoing operations. Management uses the non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate our performance, engage in financial and operational planning, and determine incentive compensation. Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful supplemental information and additional perspective on the performance of our ongoing operations and should not be considered as an alternative to the comparable GAAP financial measure. Additionally, management believes these non-GAAP financial measures allow for meaningful comparisons and analysis of trends in our business and enables investors to evaluate our operations and future prospects in the same manner as management.

The following provides an explanation of each non-GAAP measure presented in this Form 10-Q:

Adjusted operating income (loss) is defined as operating income (loss) excluding the items listed below, to the extent naturally included in operating income (loss).

Adjusted earnings per diluted share from continuing operations is defined as adjusted net earnings from continuing operations divided by diluted weighted-average shares outstanding.

EBITDA from continuing operations is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is further adjusted to exclude impairment and restructuring charges (gains) as well as other items that management believes are not reflective of, and thus should not be included when evaluating the performance of its ongoing operations, as outlined below. Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations also excludes stock-based compensation due to its non-cash nature, which is consistent with how management assesses operating performance. At the segment level, adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations includes expense allocations for centralized corporate back-office functions that exist to support the day-to-day business operations. Public company and other governance costs are held at the corporate level.

Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations margin is calculated by dividing adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations by net sales.

EXCLUSIONS FROM NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Management believes it is useful to exclude the following items from its non-GAAP measures for its own and investors’ assessment of the business for the reasons identified below:

•Impairment charges are excluded because they do not occur in the ordinary course of our ongoing business operations, are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount, and are non-cash, which we believe facilitates the comparison of historical, current and forecasted financial results.

•Restructuring and other expense (income), net, which can result in both discrete gains and/or losses, consist of established programs that are not part of our ongoing operations, such as divestitures, closing or consolidating facilities, employee severance (including rationalizing headcount or other significant changes in personnel), and realignment of existing operations (including changes to management structure in response to underlying performance and/or changing market conditions). These items are excluded because they are not part of the ongoing operations of our underlying business.

•Separation costs, which consist of direct and incremental costs incurred in connection with the completed Separation, are excluded as they are one-time in nature and are not expected to occur in periods following the Separation. These costs include fees paid to third-party advisors, such as investment banking, audit and other advisory services as well as direct and incremental costs associated with the separation of shared corporate functions. Results in fiscal 2024 also include incremental compensation expense associated with the modification of unvested short and long-term incentive compensation awards, as required under the employee matters agreement executed in conjunction with the Separation.

•Loss on extinguishment of debt is excluded because it does not occur in the normal course of business and may obscure analysis of trends and financial performance. Additionally, the amount and frequency of this type of charge is not consistent and is significantly impacted by the timing and size of debt extinguishment transactions.

•Pension settlement charges are excluded because of their non-cash nature and the fact that they do not occur in the normal course of business and may obscure analysis of trends and financial performance. These transactions typically result from the transfer of all or a portion of the total projected benefit obligation to third-party insurance companies.

•Corporate costs eliminated at Separation reflect certain corporate overhead costs that no longer exist post-Separation. These costs were included in continuing operations as they represent general corporate overhead that was historically allocated to our former steel processing business but did not meet the requirements to be presented as discontinued operations.

1

A reconciliation of the following non-GAAP financial measures from their most comparable GAAP financial measure for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 is presented below.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
									Net Earnings		Diluted
				Earnings		Income			from		EPS -
	Operating			Before		Tax			Continuing		Continuing
	Loss			Income		Expense			Operations (1)		Operations
GAAP	$	(4,699	)	$	30,790	$	6,782		$	24,253		0.48
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158			1,158		(290	)		868		0.02
Non-GAAP	$	(3,541	)	$	31,948	$	7,072		$	25,121	$	0.50

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
									Net Earnings		Diluted
				Earnings		Income			from		EPS -
	Operating			Before		Tax			Continuing		Continuing
	Loss			Income		Expense			Operations (1)		Operations
GAAP	$	(7,324	)	$	35,791	$	8,960		$	26,831	$	0.54
Corporate costs eliminated at Separation		9,672			9,672		(2,271	)		7,401		0.15
Separation costs		2,410			2,410		(566	)		1,844		0.04
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			1,534		(360	)		1,174		0.02
Non-GAAP	$	4,758		$	49,407	$	12,157		$	37,250	$	0.75

——————————————————

(1)Excludes the impact of noncontrolling interest.

The following table presents a reconciliation from the GAAP financial measure of earnings before income taxes to the non-GAAP financial measure of adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations for the periods presented.

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Earnings before income taxes (GAAP)	$	30,790		$	35,791
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(245	)		-
Net earnings before income taxes attributable to controlling interest		31,035			35,791
Interest expense, net		489			1,074
EBIT (2)		31,524			36,865
Corporate costs eliminated at Separation		-			9,672
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158			-
Separation costs		-			2,410
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			1,534
Adjusted EBIT (2)		32,682			50,481
Depreciation and amortization		11,830			12,075
Stock-based compensation		3,925			3,359
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations (non-GAAP)	$	48,437		$	65,915
Earnings before income taxes margin (GAAP)		12.0	%		11.5	%
Adjusted EBITDA margin from continuing operations (non-GAAP)		18.8	%		21.1	%

——————————————————

(2)EBIT and adjusted EBIT are non-GAAP financial measures. However, these measures are not used by management to evaluate the Company's performance, engage in financial and operational planning, or determine incentive compensation. Instead, they are included as subtotals in the reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, which is a non-GAAP financial measure used by management.

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. – Financial Statements

WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

	(Unaudited)
	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	178,547	$	244,225
Receivables, less allowances of $508 and $343, respectively		168,497		199,798
Inventories:
Raw materials		77,577		66,040
Work in process		10,053		11,668
Finished products		99,669		86,907
Total inventories		187,299		164,615
Income taxes receivable		4,711		17,319
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		37,383		47,936
Total current assets		576,437		673,893
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates		140,467		144,863
Operating lease assets		27,109		18,667
Goodwill		373,375		331,595
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $87,024 and $83,242, respectively		250,376		221,071
Other assets		21,611		21,342
Property, plant and equipment:
Land		8,676		8,657
Buildings and improvements		129,254		123,478
Machinery and equipment		344,250		321,836
Construction in progress		33,841		24,504
Total property, plant and equipment		516,021		478,475
Less: accumulated depreciation		260,125		251,269
Total property, plant and equipment, net		255,896		227,206
Total assets	$	1,645,271	$	1,638,637
Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	82,768	$	91,605
Accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes		30,536		41,974
Dividends payable		9,443		9,038
Other accrued items		34,486		29,061
Current operating lease liabilities		7,353		6,228
Income taxes payable		1,652		470
Total current liabilities		166,238		178,376
Other liabilities		57,918		62,243
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate		110,522		111,905
Long-term debt		300,009		298,133
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities		20,166		12,818
Deferred income taxes, net		87,177		84,150
Total liabilities		742,030		747,625
Shareholders’ equity - controlling interest		901,353		888,879
Noncontrolling interests		1,888		2,133
Total equity		903,241		891,012
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,645,271	$	1,638,637

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(In thousands, except per common share amounts)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Net sales	$	257,308		$	311,918
Cost of goods sold		194,813			242,288
Gross profit		62,495			69,630
Selling, general and administrative expense		66,036			74,544
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158			-
Separation costs		-			2,410
Operating loss		(4,699	)		(7,324	)
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net		486			299
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			(1,534	)
Interest expense, net		(489	)		(1,074	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates		35,492			45,424
Earnings before income taxes		30,790			35,791
Income tax expense		6,782			8,960
Net earnings from continuing operations		24,008			26,831
Net earnings from discontinued operations		-			72,872
Net earnings		24,008			99,703
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(245	)		3,597
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	24,253		$	96,106
Amounts attributable to controlling interest:
Net earnings from continuing operations	$	24,253		$	26,831
Net earnings from discontinued operations		-			69,275
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	24,253		$	96,106
Earnings per share from continuing operations - basic	$	0.49		$	0.55
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - basic		-			1.42
Net earnings per share attributable to controlling interest - basic	$	0.49		$	1.97
Earnings per share from continuing operations - diluted	$	0.48		$	0.54
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - diluted		-			1.39
Net earnings per share attributable to controlling interest - diluted	$	0.48		$	1.93
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic		49,487			48,842
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted		50,365			49,886
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.17		$	0.32

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Net earnings	$	24,008		$	99,703
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation		541			1,444
Pension liability adjustment		(7	)		(3	)
Cash flow hedges		(50	)		(6,849	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		484			(5,408	)
Comprehensive income		24,492			94,295
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		(245	)		3,597
Comprehensive income attributable to controlling interest	$	24,737		$	90,698

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

5

WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Operating activities:
Net earnings	$	24,008		$	99,703
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		11,830			28,325
Impairment of long-lived assets		-			1,401
Benefit from deferred income taxes		(5,537	)		(5,453	)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			1,534
Bad debt income		(8	)		(799	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions		3,453			10,225
Net loss (gain) on sale of assets		(18	)		105
Stock-based compensation		3,925			4,516
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of impact of acquisitions:
Receivables		28,166			(8,843	)
Inventories		(6,406	)		(64,327	)
Accounts payable		(13,093	)		278
Accrued compensation and employee benefits		(11,445	)		(12,014	)
Other operating items, net		6,271			5,045
Net cash provided by operating activities		41,146			59,696
Investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		(9,629	)		(29,298	)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(88,887	)		-
Proceeds from sale of assets, net of selling costs		11,769			51
Investment in non-marketable equity securities		(2,000	)		(40	)
Investment in note receivable		-			(15,000	)
Net cash used by investing activities		(88,747	)		(44,287	)
Financing activities:
Dividends paid		(8,116	)		(15,725	)
Repurchase of common shares		(6,803	)		-
Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net of tax withholdings		(3,158	)		(5,130	)
Net repayments of short-term borrowings		-			(2,813	)
Principal payments on long-term obligations		-			(243,757	)
Payments to noncontrolling interests		-			(1,921	)
Net cash used by financing activities		(18,077	)		(269,346	)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(65,678	)		(253,937	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		244,225			454,946
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	178,547		$	201,009

The cash flows related to discontinued operations have not been segregated in our consolidated statements of cash flows. See “Note B – Discontinued Operations” for a summarization of significant non-cash items related to discontinued operations.

See condensed notes to consolidated financial statements.

6

WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONDENSED Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (UNAUDITED)

(In thousands, except common share and per common share amounts)

Note A – Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Worthington Enterprises and its consolidated subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

We own an 80% controlling interest in Halo, which was acquired on February 1, 2024. Halo is consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture members shown as “noncontrolling interests” in our consolidated balance sheets, and the other joint venture members’ portions of net earnings and OCI are shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings and consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively.

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates that we do not control are accounted for using the equity method with our proportionate share of income or loss recognized within equity income in our consolidated statements of earnings. See further discussion of our unconsolidated affiliates in “Note C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates.”

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature except those which have been disclosed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for these interim periods, have been included. Operating results for the first quarter of fiscal 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the 2024 Form 10-K.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Separation of the Steel Processing Business

On December 1, 2023, we completed the spin-off of our former steel processing business into an independent publicly traded company, Worthington Steel, on a tax-free basis. Accordingly, the operating results of the former steel processing business are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented, as discussed in further detail in “Note B – Discontinued Operations.” All discussion within this Form 10-Q, including amounts, percentages and disclosures for all periods presented, reflect only our continuing operations unless otherwise noted.

In connection with the Separation, we entered into several agreements with Worthington Steel that govern our ongoing relationships, the most significant of which is the long-term Steel Supply Agreement. Other agreements include a long-term Steel Supply Agreement, a Trademark License Agreement, and Transition Services Agreement. Amounts under the Trademark License Agreement and Transition Services Agreement were not significant during the first quarter of fiscal 2025.

Pursuant to the long-term Steel Supply Agreement, Worthington Steel manufactures and supplies to us, at reasonable market rates, certain flat rolled steel products, and will provide us with certain related support services such as design, engineering/technical services, price risk management, scrap management, steel purchasing, supply chain optimization and product rework services, and other services at our request that are ancillary to the supply of the flat rolled steel products. Purchases from Worthington Steel under this agreement for the first quarter of fiscal 2025, totaled $28,431, of which $7,424 was payable at August 31, 2024.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize all revenue at the point in time the performance obligation is satisfied and control of the product is transferred to the customer upon shipment or delivery.

7

Note B – Discontinued Operations

The following table summarizes the financial results from the discontinued operations of Worthington Steel for the three months ended August 31, 2023.

Net sales	$	881,338
Cost of goods sold		753,479
Gross profit		127,859
Selling, general and administrative expense		37,802
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Separation costs		3,626
Operating income		85,030
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net		710
Interest expense, net		(2,009	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliate		8,957
Earnings before income taxes		92,688
Income tax expense		19,816
Net earnings		72,872
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest		3,597
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	69,275

As permitted under GAAP, the cash flows related to discontinued operations have not been segregated in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Accordingly, the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2023 include the results from both continuing and discontinued operations and amounts for certain captions will not agree with respective data in the consolidated balance sheet.

The following table summarizes significant non-cash operating items and capital expenditures of discontinued operations included in the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2023.

Significant non-cash operating items:
Depreciation and amortization	$	16,250
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate		(8,957	)
Stock-based compensation		1,157
Significant investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		(19,775	)

Note C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in joint ventures that we do not control, either through majority ownership or otherwise, are unconsolidated and accounted for using the equity method. At August 31, 2024, we held investments in the following unconsolidated joint ventures: ClarkDietrich (25%); Sustainable Energy Solutions (49%); WAVE (50%); and Workhorse (20%).

We received distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaling $38,945 during the three months ended August 31, 2024. We have received cumulative distributions from WAVE in excess of our investment balance, which resulted in a negative asset balance of $110,522 and $111,905 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we have reclassified the negative balances to distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate within our consolidated balance sheets. We will continue to record our equity in the net income of WAVE as a debit to the investment account, and if it becomes positive, it will again be shown as an asset on our consolidated balance sheets. If it becomes probable that any excess distribution may not be returned (upon joint venture liquidation or otherwise), we will immediately recognize any balance classified as a liability as income.

We use the cumulative earnings approach to determine the cash flow presentation of distributions from our unconsolidated joint ventures. Distributions received are included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities unless the cumulative distributions exceed our share of the cumulative equity in the net earnings of the joint venture. In such cases, the excess distributions are considered returns of investment and are classified as investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. No distributions exceeded our share in any of our unconsolidated joint ventures during the first quarter of fiscal 2025.

8

The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates included in continuing operations as of the dates, and for the periods presented:

	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,939	$	36,163
Other current assets		566,270		605,043
Noncurrent assets		368,543		360,261
Total assets	$	978,752	$	1,001,467
Current liabilities		216,817		264,963
Current maturities of long-term debt		6,583		13,450
Long-term debt		356,485		349,431
Other noncurrent liabilities		146,754		146,984
Equity		252,113		226,639
Total liabilities and equity	$	978,752	$	1,001,467

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024		2023
Net sales	$	515,673	$	568,584
Gross profit		134,335		173,017
Operating income		94,346		131,447
Depreciation and amortization		8,006		7,576
Interest expense		4,758		5,739
Income tax expense		645		909
Net earnings		90,682		125,653

Note D – Restructuring and Other Expense, Net

We consider restructuring activities to be programs whereby we fundamentally change our operations, such as divestitures, closing or consolidating facilities, employee severance (including rationalizing headcount or other significant changes in personnel), and realignment of existing operations (including changes to management structure in response to underlying performance and/or changing market conditions).

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption in our consolidated statement of earnings for the three months ended August 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Balance at							Balance at
	May 31, 2024		Expense		Payments			August 31, 2024
Early retirement and severance	$	188	$	435	$	(423	)	$	200
Loss on sale of assets				723
Restructuring and other expense, net			$	1,158

The total liability associated with our restructuring activities as of August 31, 2024 is expected to be paid in the next 12 months.

9

Note E – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Legal Proceedings

We are defendants in certain legal actions. In the opinion of management, the outcome of these actions, which is not clearly determinable at the present time, would not significantly affect our consolidated financial position or future results of operations. We also believe that environmental issues will not have a material effect on our capital expenditures, consolidated financial position or future results of operations.

Note F – Guarantees

We do not have guarantees that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. However, at August 31, 2024, we were party to an operating lease for an aircraft in which we guaranteed a residual value at the termination of the lease on March 30, 2028. The maximum obligation under the terms of this guarantee was approximately $15,095 at August 31, 2024. Based on current facts and circumstances, we have estimated the likelihood of payment pursuant to this guarantee is not probable and, therefore, no amount has been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.

At August 31, 2024, we also had in place $10,500 of outstanding stand-by letters of credit issued to third-party service providers. The fair value of these guaranteed instruments, based on premiums paid, was not material and no amounts were drawn against them at August 31, 2024.

Note G – Debt

Our multi-year revolving Credit Facility is scheduled to mature on September 27, 2028. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year. We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, the Prime Rate of PNC Bank, National Association or the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR. The applicable margin is determined by our total leverage ratio. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facility at August 31, 2024 or May 31, 2024, leaving $500,000 available for use.

Note H – Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024								2023
	Before-Tax			Tax		Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
Foreign currency translation	$	(12	)	$	553	$	541		$	1,326		$	118		$	1,444
Pension liability adjustment		(7	)		-		(7	)		-			(3	)		(3	)
Cash flow hedges		(65	)		15		(50	)		(8,811	)		1,962			(6,849	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(84	)	$	568	$	484		$	(7,485	)	$	2,077		$	(5,408	)

10

Note I – Changes in Equity

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
	Additional
	Paid-in			AOCI,		Retained						Noncontrolling
	Capital			Net of Tax		Earnings			Subtotal			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	299,033		$	454	$	589,392		$	888,879		$	2,133		$	891,012
Net earnings (loss)		-			-		24,253			24,253			(245	)		24,008
Other comprehensive income		-			484		-			484			-			484
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(3,158	)		-		-			(3,158	)		-			(3,158	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		32			-		-			32			-			32
Stock-based compensation		6,216			-		-			6,216			-			6,216
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(884	)		-		(5,919	)		(6,803	)		-			(6,803	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-		(8,550	)		(8,550	)		-			(8,550	)
Balance at August 31, 2024	$	301,239		$	938	$	599,176		$	901,353		$	1,888		$	903,241

	Controlling Interest
	Additional
	Paid-in			AOCI,			Retained						Noncontrolling
	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Subtotal			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2023	$	290,799		$	(23,179	)	$	1,428,391			1,696,011		$	125,617		$	1,821,628
Net earnings		-			-			96,106			96,106			3,597			99,703
Other comprehensive loss		-			(5,408	)		-			(5,408	)		-			(5,408	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(5,130	)		-			-			(5,130	)		-			(5,130	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		130			-			-			130			-			130
Stock-based compensation		8,995			-			-			8,995			-			8,995
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(16,081	)		(16,081	)		-			(16,081	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(1,921	)		(1,921	)
Balance at August 31, 2023	$	294,794		$	(28,587	)	$	1,508,416		$	1,774,623		$	127,293		$	1,901,916

The following table summarizes the changes in AOCI for the periods presented:

	Foreign			Pension
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			AOCI
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	(669	)	$	(441	)	$	1,564		$	454
OCI before reclassifications		(12	)		(7	)		(398	)		(417	)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			333			333
Income tax effect		553			-			15			568
Balance at August 31, 2024	$	(128	)	$	(448	)	$	1,514		$	938

	Foreign			Pension
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			AOCI
Balance at May 31, 2023	$	(22,123	)	$	(1,730	)	$	674		$	(23,179	)
OCI before reclassifications		1,326			-			(2,038	)		(712	)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			(6,773	)		(6,773	)
Income tax effect		118			(3	)		1,962			2,077
Balance at August 31, 2023	$	(20,679	)	$	(1,733	)	$	(6,175	)	$	(28,587	)

——————————————————

(a)The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net income for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

11

Common Shares: On March 20, 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 of the common shares. On March 24, 2021, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 of the common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000. The total number of common shares available for repurchase under these authorizations at August 31, 2024 was 5,915,000. These common shares may be repurchased from time to time, with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions.

Note J – Stock-Based Compensation

Non-Qualified Stock Options

During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we granted non-qualified stock options covering a total of 31,200 common shares under our stock-based compensation plans. For each grant, the exercise price of $47.00 was equal to the closing market price of the underlying common shares at the grant date. The weighted average fair value of these non-qualified stock options, based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, calculated at the grant date, was $17.57 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these non-qualified stock options was $548 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures. The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended August 31, 2024 was based on the following assumptions:

Dividend yield	1.35	%
Expected volatility	36.90	%
Risk-free interest rate	4.28	%
Expected term (years)	6.0

Due to the Separation, we use a comparable peer group to determine the expected volatility of the common shares. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury strip rate for the expected term of the non-qualified stock options. The expected term was developed using historical exercise experience.

Service-Based Restricted Common Shares

During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we granted an aggregate of 82,930 service-based restricted common shares under our stock-based compensation plans, which cliff vest three years from the grant date. The fair value of these restricted common shares was equal to the weighted average closing market price of the underlying common shares on the grant date, or $47.04 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these restricted common shares of $3,901 will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures.

Performance Share Awards

We have awarded performance shares to certain key employees under our stock-based compensation plans. Outstanding performance share awards may be earned based on the level of achievement of corporate targets for cumulative corporate economic value added and EPS growth and, in the case of business unit executives, a business unit adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations target, in each case for the three-year periods ending May 31, 2025, 2026 and 2027. These performance share awards will be paid, to the extent earned, in common shares in the fiscal quarter following the end of the applicable three-year performance period. The fair values of our performance shares are determined by the closing market prices of the underlying common shares at the respective grant dates of the performance shares and the pre-tax stock-based compensation expense is based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved and our estimate of the number of common shares that will ultimately be issued. The ultimate pre-tax stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the three-year performance period on all tranches will vary based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved. During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we granted performance share awards covering an aggregate of 24,100 common shares (at target levels). The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these performance shares is $1,133 (at target levels). The ultimate pre-tax stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the three-year performance period on all tranches will vary based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved.

12

Note K – Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 reflected estimated annual effective income tax rates of 24.5% and 25.1%, respectively. Management is required to estimate the annual effective income tax rate based upon its forecast of annual pre-tax income for domestic and foreign operations. Our actual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2025 could be materially different from the forecasted rate as of August 31, 2024.

Note L – Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024		2023
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings from continuing operations attributable to controlling interest	$	24,253	$	26,831
Denominator (shares in thousands):
Basic EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares		49,487		48,842
Effect of dilutive securities		878		1,044
Diluted EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares		50,365		49,886
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$	0.49	$	0.55
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$	0.48	$	0.54

Stock options covering an aggregate of 77,837 and 26,296 common shares for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because the effect would have been anti-dilutive for those periods.

Note M – Segment Operations

Our operating segments reflect the way in which internally-reported financial information is regularly reviewed by the CODM to analyze performance, make decisions and allocate resources. We have identified our Chief Executive Officer as our CODM. Factors used to identify operating segments include the nature of the products provided by each business, the management reporting structure, similarity of economic characteristics and certain quantitative measures, as prescribed by GAAP. Our operations are organized under two operating segments: Consumer Products and Building Products. Our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment is presented within Unallocated Corporate and Other in periods prior to its deconsolidation on May 29, 2024. Unallocated Corporate and Other also includes certain assets and liabilities (e.g. public debt) held at the corporate level as well as general corporate expenses that are not directly attributable to our business operations and are administrative in nature, such as public company and other governance-related costs that benefit the organization as a whole.

The following tables present summarized financial information for our reportable segments and Unallocated Corporate and Other for the periods indicated. A reconciliation from the GAAP financial measure of earnings before income taxes to the non-GAAP financial measure of adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is provided directly following the summarized information below.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
					Total		Unallocated
	Consumer		Building		Reportable		Corporate and
	Products		Products		Segments		Other			Total
Net sales	$	117,596	$	139,712	$	257,308	$	-		$	257,308
Restructuring and other expense, net		-		289		289		869			1,158
Miscellaneous income, net		17		242		259		227			486
Equity income		-		36,645		36,645		(1,153	)		35,492
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		17,775		39,729		57,504		(9,067	)		48,437

13

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
					Total		Unallocated
	Consumer		Building		Reportable		Corporate and
	Products		Products		Segments		Other			Total
Net sales	$	117,353	$	165,928	$	283,281	$	28,637		$	311,918
Separation costs		-		-		-		2,410			2,410
Miscellaneous income, net		25		63		88		211			299
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-		-		-		1,534			1,534
Equity income		-		45,043		45,043		381			45,424
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		14,275		59,692		73,967		(8,052	)		65,915

The following table presents a reconciliation from earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Earnings before income taxes	$	30,790		$	35,791
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(245	)		-
Net earnings before income taxes attributable to controlling interest		31,035			35,791
Interest expense, net		489			1,074
EBIT (1)		31,524			36,865
Corporate costs eliminated at Separation		-			9,672
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158			-
Separation costs		-			2,410
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			1,534
Adjusted EBIT (1)		32,682			50,481
Depreciation and amortization		11,830			12,075
Stock-based compensation		3,925			3,359
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	$	48,437		$	65,915

(1)EBIT and adjusted EBIT are not used by management to evaluate our performance, engage in financial and operational planning, or to determine incentive compensation. Instead, they are included as subtotals in the reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, which management uses to assess operating performance.

Total assets for each of our reportable segments at the dates indicated were as follows:

	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Consumer Products	$	564,744	$	557,826
Building Products		777,749		672,723
Total reportable segments		1,342,493		1,230,549
Unallocated Corporate and Other		302,778		408,088
Total assets of continuing operations	$	1,645,271	$	1,638,637

14

Note N – Acquisitions

On June 3, 2024, we acquired Ragasco, a leading global manufacturer of composite propane cylinders based in Norway. The total purchase price consisted of cash consideration of $102,156, of which $11,343 was on deposit at May 31, 2024, and contingent consideration in the form of an earnout agreement with an estimated acquisition date fair value of $7,000. The earnout agreement provides for additional cash consideration of up to $14,000 should certain earnings targets be met through calendar year 2024. Ragasco operates as part of the Building Products operating segment and its results have been included in our consolidated statements of earnings since the date of acquisition. Pro forma results, including the acquired business since the beginning of fiscal 2023, would not be materially different from reported results.

The information included herein is based on the preliminary allocation of the purchase price using estimates of the fair value and useful lives of the assets acquired. The purchase price allocation is subject to further adjustment until all pertinent information regarding the assets acquired is fully evaluated by us, including but not limited to, the fair value accounting.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, with goodwill representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. The purchase price includes the fair values of other assets that were not identifiable, not separately recognizable under accounting rules (e.g., assembled workforce) or of immaterial value. The purchase price also includes strategic and synergistic benefits (i.e., investment value) specific to us, which resulted in a purchase price in excess of the fair value of the identifiable net assets. This additional investment value resulted in goodwill, which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, with goodwill representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. In connection with the acquisition of Ragasco, we identified and valued the following intangible assets:

			Useful Life
Category	Amount		(Years)
Trade name	$	5,520	10
Technological know-how		14,660	10
Customer relationships		12,660	15
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$	32,840

15

The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. These amounts reflect various preliminary fair value estimates and assumptions, including preliminary work performed by a third-party valuation specialist, and are subject to change within the measurement period as the valuation is finalized. The primary areas of preliminary purchase price allocation subject to change relate to the valuation of acquired tangible assets and liabilities, identification and valuation of residual goodwill and tax effects of acquired assets and assumed liabilities.

	Preliminary
	Valuation
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,925
Accounts receivable		8,554
Inventory		16,403
Other current assets		990
Property, plant and equipment		27,325
Operating lease assets		8,834
Intangible assets		32,840
Total identifiable assets		96,871
Accounts payable		(4,885	)
Current operating lease liability		(980	)
Accrued expenses		(6,344	)
Noncurrent operating lease liability		(7,886	)
Deferred income taxes		(8,861	)
Other liabilities		(100	)
Net identifiable assets		67,815
Goodwill		41,480
Total purchase price		109,295
Less: Fair value of earnout		7,139
Cash purchase price	$	102,156

Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

We utilize derivative financial instruments to primarily manage exposure to certain risks related to our ongoing operations. The primary risks managed through the use of derivative financial instruments include interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange risk and commodity price risk. While certain of our derivative financial instruments are designated as hedging instruments, we also enter into derivative financial instruments that are designed to hedge a risk, but are not designated as hedging instruments and therefore do not qualify for hedge accounting. These derivative financial instruments are adjusted to current fair value through earnings at the end of each period.

Interest Rate Risk Management - We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. Our objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on cash flows and the market value of our borrowings. We utilize a mix of debt maturities along with both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt to manage changes in interest rates. In addition, we enter into interest rate swaps to further manage our exposure to interest rate variations related to our borrowings and to lower our overall borrowing costs.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk Management - We conduct business in several major international currencies and are, therefore, subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates. We enter into various contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change to manage this exposure. Such contracts limit exposure to both favorable and unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars also subjects us to exposure related to fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates; however, derivative financial instruments are not used to manage this risk.

Commodity Price Risk Management – We are exposed to changes in the price of certain commodities, including steel, natural gas, copper, zinc, aluminum and other raw materials, and our utility requirements. Our objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with forecasted purchases and sales of these commodities to allow management to focus its attention on business operations. Accordingly, we enter into derivative financial instruments to manage the associated price risk.

16

We are exposed to counterparty credit risk on all of our derivative financial instruments. Accordingly, we have established and maintain strict counterparty credit guidelines. We have credit support agreements in place with certain counterparties to limit our credit exposure. These agreements require either party to post cash collateral if its cumulative market position exceeds a predefined liability threshold. Amounts posted to the margin accounts accrue interest at market rates and are required to be refunded in the period in which the cumulative market position falls below the required threshold. We do not have significant exposure to any one counterparty and management believes the risk of loss is remote and, in any event, would not be material.

Refer to “Note P – Fair Value Measurements” for additional information regarding the accounting treatment for our derivative financial instruments, as well as how fair value is determined. The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative financial instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024:

	Fair Value of Assets					Fair Value of Liabilities
	Balance					Balance
	Sheet	August 31,		May 31,		Sheet	August 31,		May 31,
	Location	2024		2024		Location	2024		2024
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	917	$	601	Accounts payable	$	263	$	83
Commodity contracts	Other assets		-		-	Other liabilities		-		21
Subtotal			917		601			263		104
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	58	$	319	Accounts payable	$	239	$	69
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-		-	Accounts payable		200		1,248
Subtotal			58		319			439		1,317
Total derivative financial instruments		$	975	$	920		$	702	$	1,421

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of our derivative financial instruments on a net basis where allowed under master netting arrangements. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been an increase in receivables with a corresponding increase in accounts payable of $682 and $391 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively.

Cash Flow Hedges

We enter into derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows attributable to interest rate and commodity price fluctuations associated with certain forecasted transactions. These derivative financial instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, the effective portion of the gain or loss on each of these derivative financial instruments is reported as a component of OCI and reclassified into earnings in the same line associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at August 31, 2024:

	Notional
	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	3,407	September 2024 - December 2025

17

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into net earnings for derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

				Location of	Gain (Loss)
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)	Reclassified
	Recognized			Reclassified from AOCI	from AOCI
	in OCI			into Net Earnings	into Net Earnings
For the three months ended August 31, 2024:
Commodity contracts	$	(398	)	Cost of goods sold	$	(385	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense, net		52
Total	$	(398	)		$	(333	)
For the three months ended August 31, 2023:
Commodity contracts	$	(411	)	Cost of goods sold	$	(669	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Loss on extinguishment of debt		(641	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		31
Foreign currency exchange contracts		23		Miscellaneous income, net		53
Total	$	(388	)		$	(1,226	)

The estimated amount of the net gains recognized in AOCI at August 31, 2024, expected to be reclassified into net earnings within the succeeding 12 months is $437 (net of tax of $143). This amount was computed using the fair value of the cash flow hedges at August 31, 2024, and will change before actual reclassification from OCI to net earnings during the fiscal years ending May 31, 2025 and May 31, 2026.

Net Investment Hedges

We have designated our Euro-denominated debt held in the U.S. with a principal €91,700 as a non-derivative net investment hedge of our foreign operations in Portugal. Accordingly, the foreign currency effects resulting from the remeasurement of this debt have been deferred in AOCI as an offset to the translation of our net investment in Portugal. A remeasurement loss of $1,835 was deferred in AOCI during the three months ended August 31, 2024.

Economic (Non-designated) Hedges

We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage our foreign currency exchange rate exposure related to inter-company and financing transactions that do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment. We also enter into certain commodity contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, these derivative financial instruments are adjusted to current market value at the end of each period through gain (loss) recognized in earnings.

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments outstanding at August 31, 2024:

	Notional
	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	1,364	September 2024 - June 2025
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	66,039	November 2024

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain
		Recognized in Earnings
		Three Months Ended
	Location of Gain	August 31,
	Recognized in Earnings	2024		2023
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	87	$	843
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		1,047		-
Total		$	1,134	$	843

18

Note P – Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is an exit price concept that assumes an orderly transaction between willing market participants and is required to be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. Current accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy as a basis for considering such assumptions and for classifying the inputs used in the valuation methodologies. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair values are as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities (i.e., allowing for situations in which there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date).

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At August 31, 2024, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	975	$	-	$	975
Total assets	$	-	$	975	$	-	$	975
Liabilities (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	702	$	-	$	702
Total liabilities	$	-	$	702	$	-	$	702

At May 31, 2024, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	920	$	-	$	920
Total assets	$	-	$	920	$	-	$	920
Liabilities (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	1,421	$	-	$	1,421
Total liabilities	$	-	$	1,421	$	-	$	1,421

——————————————————

(1)The fair value of our derivative financial instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities. Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows. Refer to “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative financial instruments.

19

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At August 31, 2024, there were no assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis on our consolidated balance sheet.

At May 31, 2024, our assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Investment in note receivable (1)	$	-	$	5,000	$	-	$	5,000
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate (2)		-		-		31,367		31,367
Total assets	$	-	$	5,000	$	31,367	$	36,367

——————————————————

(1)Reflects the write-down of an investment in notes receivable that was determined to be other than temporarily impaired.

(2)On May 29, 2024, in connection with the contribution of the net assets of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment to the newly-formed Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture, we obtained a 49% minority ownership interest in the joint venture. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, our minority ownership interest in the Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture was recorded at its acquisition date fair value of $31,367.

The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments included in the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, income taxes receivable, other assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes, other accrued items, income taxes payable and other liabilities approximate carrying value due to their short-term nature. The fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities, based upon models utilizing market observable (Level 2) inputs and credit risk, was $266,478 and $257,866 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively. The carrying amount of long-term debt, including current maturities, was $300,009 and $298,133 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively.

20

Item 2. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Selected statements contained in this MD&A constitute “forward-looking statements” as that term is used in the PSLRA. Such forward-looking statements are based, in whole or in part, on management’s beliefs, estimates, assumptions and currently available information. For a more detailed discussion of what constitutes a forward-looking statement and of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such forward-looking statements, please refer to the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Form 10-Q and “Part I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of the 2024 Form 10-K.

Unless otherwise indicated, all Note references contained in this MD&A refer to the Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Part I – Item 1. – Financial Statements” of this Form 10-Q. All amounts are presented in millions except common share and per common share amounts.

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis of market and industry trends, business developments, and the results of our operations and financial position, should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in “Part I – Item 1. – Financial Statements” of this Form 10-Q. The 2024 Form 10-K includes additional information about our business, operations and consolidated financial position and should be read in conjunction with this Form 10-Q. This MD&A is designed to provide a reader with material information relevant to an assessment of our financial condition and results of operations and to allow investors to view the Company from the perspective of management. The results of operations contained in this MD&A include all of our operations, including our former steel processing business. Our historical results have been restated to reflect the operations of Worthington Steel as a discontinued operation in periods prior to the December 1, 2023 Separation as discussed in “Note A – Basis of Presentation.” This MD&A is divided into five main sections:

•Recent Business Developments;

•Trends and Factors Impacting our Performance;

•Results of Operations;

•Liquidity and Capital Resources; and

•Critical Accounting Estimates.

Recent Business Developments

•On June 3, 2024, we acquired Ragasco, a leading global manufacturer of composite propane cylinders based in Norway. The purchase price included cash consideration of approximately $102.2 million, with a future earnout opportunity of up to $14.0 million. The results of Ragasco are included within the Building Products operating segment for periods subsequent to the acquisition date. See “Note N – Acquisitions” for additional information.

•During the first quarter of fiscal 2025, we repurchased 150,000 common shares under existing repurchase authorizations for $6.8 million, at an average purchase price of $45.35.

•On September 24, 2024, the Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.17 per common share payable on December 27, 2024, to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 13, 2024.

21

Trends and Factors Impacting our Performance

The following trends and factors have contributed to the results of our consolidated operations, and we anticipate that they will continue to affect our future results.

End Markets and Competition

We offer a wide range of products and services to a diverse customer base across various end markets. These markets include residential construction, non-residential construction, and repair and remodeling, which drive demand in our Building Products operating segment, including our unconsolidated joint ventures, WAVE and ClarkDietrich. Additionally, tools, outdoor living, and celebrations drive demand in our Consumer Products operating segment, including our consolidated joint venture, Halo. Given the extensive range of products and services we provide, our competitors vary by industry, product type, service type, program size, and geography. Competition is primarily based on price, product quality, brand recognition, product innovation, and customer service. Sales to one customer in the Consumer Products operating segment accounted for 13% of our consolidated net sales in the first quarter of fiscal 2025. Trends and factors impacting each of our end markets are described in additional detail below.

General Economic and Market Conditions

U.S. GDP growth rate trends typically reflect the strength of demand and, in many cases, pricing for our products. A year-over-year increase in U.S. GDP growth rates generally signals a stronger economy and higher demand and pricing for our products. Conversely, declining U.S. GDP growth rates usually indicate a weaker economy and reduced demand and pricing our products. Fluctuations in U.S. GDP growth rates can affect conversion costs related to production and SG&A.

The macroeconomic and geopolitical outlook has been complex and evolving. Although the U.S. economy continues to grow at a modest pace, prolonged inflationary pressures continue to negatively impact the discretionary spending of many of our customers. The recent 0.50% rate cut by the Federal Reserve is expected to alleviate some of this pressure in the near-term as borrowing becomes cheaper, stimulating spending in our residential construction, non-residential construction, and repair and remodel end markets. Besides inflation, consumer spending habits for our products are influenced by prevailing global economic conditions, the costs of basic necessities and other goods, employment levels, salaries and wage rates, and prevailing interest rates. Additionally, consumer purchasing patterns are generally affected by consumers’ disposable income, credit availability, and debt levels.

We also actively monitor other publicly available macroeconomic trends that provide insight into the activity in our end markets. These trends include, but are not limited to, the ABI, the Dodge Momentum Index, the HMI, steel prices, retail sales, state and local government spending, interest rate environment and inflation metrics. Current macro-economic trends within our end markets are described in additional detail below, as well as selected key indicators for the periods presented.

	August 31,						Increase/
($ and units in millions)	2024			2023			(Decrease)
U.S. Residential Construction spend (1)(3)	$	911,429		$	887,564		$	23,865
U.S. Non-residential Construction Spend (1)(3)	$	1,220,507		$	1,159,850		$	60,657
Hot-Rolled Steel ($ per ton) (2)	$	690		$	879		$	(189	)
Existing Home Sales (units) (1)(3)		3.9			4.0			(0.1	)
Authorized Housing Permits (units) (1)(3)		1.5			1.6			(0.1	)
U.S Private Housing Starts (units) (1)(3)		1.4			1.3			0.1
HMI		39.0			50.0			(11.0	)
ABI		45.7			48.1			(2.4	)
Dodge Momentum Index		220.4			178.0			42.4
30 Year Fixed mortgage rates (1)		6.35	%		7.18	%		(0.8	%)

——————————————————

(1)Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; figures based on seasonally adjusted annual rates

(2)Period average of CRU Hot-Rolled Index

(3)2023 figures based on revised actuals

22

Residential Construction: The near-term outlook for U.S. residential construction spending remains cautiously optimistic, with spending increasing by approximately 7.4% between August 2024 and August 2023. While construction data continues to show positive year-over-year growth, housing starts and authorized permits remain flat, reflecting a cautious approach by both builders and potential home buyers. The HMI also fell to 39.0 in August 2024, indicating persistent challenges such as high mortgage rates and elevated home prices. Builders continue to grapple with high interest rates for construction loans and ongoing labor shortages, which are impacting their ability to meet demand. Additionally, rising material costs add further pressure on the end market. However, we are optimistic that recent interest rate cuts could spur new construction activity in the near term and we remain well-positioned to meet the anticipated demand. More broadly, the solid underlying fundamentals of the housing market, including favorable demographics and a chronic undersupply of homes, provide strong support for this end market in the long-term.

Non-residential Construction: The near-term outlook for U.S. non-residential construction is mixed. The ABI fell to 45.7 in August 2024 from 48.1 in August 2023, indicating a continued decline in demand for architectural services. This marks the nineteenth consecutive month of declining billings, reflecting ongoing challenges in converting project inquiries into actual contracts. However, the Dodge Momentum Index offers a more optimistic view, rising to 220.4 in August 2024 from 178.0 in August 2023, driven by gains in both commercial and institutional planning. This suggests that while current billings are down, there is a pipeline of projects that could bolster future construction activity. Overall, the sector faces headwinds but also holds potential for growth as economic conditions stabilize and interest rates are expected to decrease.

Repair and Remodel: Spending on home improvement is expected to continue declining in the near term as existing home sales remain at multi-decade lows. Although the average 30-year fixed mortgage rate decreased to 6.35% at August 31, 2024, from 7.18% at August 31, 2023, this decline isn’t significant enough to entice most buyers to enter the market or leave their existing lower fixed rate mortgages. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook remains strong as interest rates are expected to decline further and the aging housing stock will drive the need for renovations. As economic conditions stabilize, we expect homeowners to access their record levels of equity and drive spending in the long-term.

Tools: Spending in the tools end market is predominantly influenced by macroeconomic conditions. Recently, the market has experienced positive tailwinds as inflation has eased, with the annual inflation rate dropping to 2.5% in August 2024, a significant decrease from its peak in 2022. Despite moderating inflation, overall demand in this sector continued to be adversely affected by a general moderation in consumer spending on non-essential items, resulting in lower overall demand from both DIY and professional customers. Notwithstanding these short-term headwinds, we believe that the outlook remains positive as we continue to grow market share with our well-known brands and innovation of new products.

Outdoor Living: Participation in outdoor recreation is beginning to normalize to pre-pandemic levels. This trend is evident in the number of new U.S. camping households, a key metric that measures the influx of first-time campers. After peaking in 2020, driven by the desire for safe, socially-distanced activities during the height of the pandemic, the number has steadily declined. However, the long-term fundamentals in the outdoor living category remain positive, driven by diverse participation across different age groups, socio-economic classes, and geographic regions.

Celebrations: The celebrations end market has shown a gradual recovery, propelled by the increasing demand for personalized and unique event experiences. Consumer income and the debt-to-income ratio have gradually recovered, approaching levels observed prior to COVID-19, alongside moderating inflation. Despite these positive indicators, inflation and interest rates continue to influence disposable income and spending power. It is anticipated that consumer spending on non-essential items will remain constrained, primarily due to a larger share of income being allocated towards essential purchases and mortgage payments.

Seasonality

Historically, sales tend to be stronger in the third and fourth quarters of our fiscal year for our Consumer Products operating segment when our facilities perform at seasonal peaks, matching consumer demand. Sales in our Building Products operating segment are generally stronger in the first and fourth quarters of our fiscal year due to weather conditions, customer business cycles, and the timing of renovation and new construction projects. Demand in our Building Products operating segment during the first quarter of fiscal 2025 was not reflective of the cyclical strength we typically see in in the first quarter of our fiscal year due to continued destocking at certain distributors as well as unfavorable weather patterns.

23

Results of Operations

First Quarter – Fiscal 2025 Compared to Fiscal 2024

The following discussion provides a review of results for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,						Increase/
(In millions, except per common share amounts)	2024			2023			(Decrease)
Net sales	$	257.3		$	311.9		$	(54.6	)
Operating loss		(4.7	)		(7.3	)		2.6
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1)		(3.5	)		4.8			(8.3	)
Net earnings from continuing operations		24.3			26.8			(2.5	)
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations (1)		48.4			65.9			(17.5	)
Equity income		35.5			45.4			(9.9	)
EPS from continuing operations - diluted		0.48			0.54			(0.06	)
Adjusted EPS from continuing operations - diluted (1)	$	0.50		$	0.75		$	(0.25	)

——————————————————

(1)A reconciliation of each of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measure is provided in the “Use of Non-GAAP Measures and Definitions” section.

Net Sales and Volume

The following table provides a breakdown of our consolidated net sales by operating segment for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended							%
	August 31,				Increase/			Increase
(Dollars in millions)	2024		2023		(Decrease)			(Decrease)
Consumer Products	$	117.6	$	117.4	$	0.2			0.2	%
Building Products		139.7		165.9		(26.2	)		(15.8	%)
Total reportable segments		257.3		283.3		(26.0	)		(9.2	%)
Other		-		28.6		(28.6	)		(100.0	%)
Consolidated	$	257.3	$	311.9	$	(54.6	)		(17.5	%)

The following table provides volume by operating segment for the periods presented (in units):

	Three Months Ended							%
	August 31,				Increase/			Increase
	2024		2023		(Decrease)			(Decrease)
Consumer Products		16,170,556		16,031,583		138,973			0.9	%
Building Products		3,094,117		3,808,820		(714,703	)		(18.8	%)
Total reportable segments		19,264,673		19,840,403		(575,730	)		(2.9	%)
Other		-		106,306		(106,306	)		(100.0	%)
Consolidated		19,264,673		19,946,709		(682,036	)		(3.4	%)

•Consumer Products – Net sales totaled $117.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2025, up slightly from the first quarter of fiscal 2024 on marginally higher volume.

•Building Products – Net sales totaled $139.7 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2025, down $26.2 million, or 15.8%, from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, primarily due to lower volume and an unfavorable shift in product mix, which more than offset contributions from the acquisition of Ragasco in June 2024.

•Other - Net sales in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 are related to our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment, which was deconsolidated in May 2024 when we sold a 51% interest in the business. In periods subsequent to the sales transaction, our 49% interest is accounted for under the equity method.

24

Gross Profit

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,		Gross			August 31,		Gross			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2024		Margin			2023		Margin			(Decrease)
Gross profit	$	62.5		24.3	%	$	69.6		22.3	%	$	(7.1	)

•Gross profit was $62.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2025, a decrease of $7.1 million, or 10.2% from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, driven by the reduction in net sales at Building Products.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,		% of			August 31,		% of			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2024		Net Sales			2023		Net Sales			(Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative expense	$	66.0		25.7	%	$	74.5		23.9	%	$	(8.5	)

•SG&A decreased $8.5 million, or 11.4%, from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, primarily driven by the elimination of certain corporate overhead costs that no longer exist post-Separation, but have been presented within net earnings from continuing operations in our consolidated statements of earnings.

Other Operating Items

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,				Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2024		2023		(Decrease)
Restructuring and other expense, net	$	1.2	$	-	$	1.2
Separation costs	$	-	$	2.4	$	(2.4	)

•Restructuring expense in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 was driven by a $0.7 million true-up of our accrual for final transaction costs associated with the deconsolidation of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment, as well as severance costs.

•Separation costs in the prior year quarter reflect direct and incremental costs incurred in connection with the Separation.

Interest Expense, Net

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,				Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2024		2023		(Decrease)
Interest expense, net	$	0.5	$	1.1	$	(0.6	)

•Interest expense, net was down $0.6 million from the prior year quarter, driven primarily by lower average debt levels as a result of the redemption of the 2024 Notes and 2026 Notes in December 2024.

Equity Income

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,					Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2024			2023		(Decrease)
WAVE (1)	$	27.9		$	28.3	$	(0.4	)
ClarkDietrich (1)		8.7			16.7		(8.0	)
Other (2)		(1.1	)		0.4		(1.5	)
Equity income	$	35.5		$	45.4	$	(9.9	)

——————————————————

(1)Equity income contributed by WAVE and ClarkDietrich is reported within our Building Products segment.

(2)Includes our share of equity earnings of the Workhorse and the Sustainable Energy Solutions joint ventures.

25

•Equity income decreased $9.9 million from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, driven by lower contributions from ClarkDietrich, which was down $8.0 million, as declining steel prices compressed margins, and equity losses at the Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture in the first quarter of fiscal 2025.

Income Taxes

	Three Months Ended
			Estimated					Estimated
	August 31,		Effective			August 31,		Effective			Increase/
(Dollars in millions)	2024		Tax Rate			2023		Tax Rate			(Decrease)
Income tax expense	$	6.8		24.5	%	$	9.0		25.1	%	$	(2.2	)

•Income tax expense was $6.8 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 compared to income tax expense of $9.0 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2024. The decrease was primarily driven by lower pre-tax earnings. Income tax expense in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 reflected an estimated annual effective rate of 24.5% compared to 25.1% in the first quarter of fiscal 2024.

Adjusted EBITDA from Continuing Operations

The following table provides a summary of adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations by reportable segment, a non-GAAP financial measure, along with the respective percentage of the total of each reportable segment. See the “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section preceding Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding our use of non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation from earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is provided in “Note M – Segment Operations.”

	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)	August 31, 2024			% of Net Sales			August 31, 2023			% of Net Sales			Increase/ (Decrease)			% Increase (Decrease)
Consumer Products	$	17.8			15.1	%	$	14.3			12.2	%	$	3.5			24.5	%
Building Products		39.7			28.4	%		59.7			36.0	%		(20.0	)		(33.5	%)
Total reportable segments	$	57.5			22.3	%	$	74.0			26.1	%		(16.5	)		(22.3	%)
Unallocated Corporate and Other		(9.1	)	n/a				(8.1	)	n/a				(1.0	)		12.3	%
Consolidated	$	48.4			18.8	%	$	65.9			21.1	%		(17.5	)		(26.6	%)

•Consumer Products – Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations was $17.8 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2025, an increase of $3.5 million over the first quarter of fiscal 2024, on improved gross margin driven by lower material costs.

•Building Products – Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations decreased $20.0 million from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, on lower volume, particularly in our heating and cooking products, and unfavorable mix combined with lower equity earnings at ClarkDietrich. Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 included $1.9 million of incremental expense related to the Ragasco acquisition resulting primarily from the step up of inventory to fair value.

•Unallocated Corporate and Other – Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations was down $1.0 million from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, driven by higher SG&A partially offset by lower losses due to the deconsolidation of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment in May 2024.

26

Liquidity and Capital Resources

During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we generated $41.1 million of cash from operating activities, invested $9.6 million in property, plant and equipment, spent $88.9 million to acquire Ragasco, and received $11.8 million for the sale of 51% of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment. Additionally, we paid $6.8 million to repurchase 150,000 common shares and paid dividends of $8.1 million on the common shares in the first quarter of fiscal 2025.

The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
(In millions)	2024			2023
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	41.1		$	59.7
Net cash used by investing activities		(88.7	)		(44.3	)
Net cash used by financing activities		(18.1	)		(269.3	)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(65.7	)		(253.9	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		244.2			454.9
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	178.5		$	201.0

——————————————————

Activity related to our discontinued operations has not been segregated in our consolidated statements of cash flows. See “Note B – Discontinued Operations” for a summarization of significant non-cash items related to discontinued operations.

We believe we have access to adequate resources to meet the needs of our existing businesses for normal operating costs, mandatory capital expenditures, debt redemptions, dividend payments, and working capital, to the extent not funded by cash provided by operating activities, for at least 12 months and for the foreseeable future thereafter. These resources include cash and cash equivalents and unused committed lines of credit under our Credit Facility, which had a total of $500.0 million of borrowing capacity available to be drawn as of August 31, 2024.

Although we do not currently anticipate a need, we believe that we could access the financial markets to sell long-term debt or equity securities. However, the continuation of uncertain economic conditions, including those caused by a high interest rate environment, could create volatility in the financial markets, which may impact our ability to access capital and the terms under which we can do so.

We routinely monitor current operational requirements, financial market conditions, and credit relationships and we may choose to seek additional capital by issuing new debt and/or equity securities to strengthen our liquidity or capital structure. Should we seek additional capital, there can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain such additional capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and such additional equity or debt financing could dilute the interests of our existing shareholders and/or increase our interest costs. We may also from time to time seek to retire or repurchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases, in open-market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will be upon such terms and at such prices as we may determine, and will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors.

Operating Activities

Our business is cyclical and cash flows from operating activities may fluctuate during the year and from year to year due to economic and industry conditions. We rely on cash and short-term borrowings to meet cyclical increases in working capital needs. These needs generally arise during periods of increased economic activity or increasing raw material prices, requiring higher levels of inventory and accounts receivable. During economic slowdowns or periods of decreasing raw material costs, working capital needs generally decrease as a result of the reduction of inventories and accounts receivable.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $41.1 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2025, down from $59.7 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2024. The decrease was primarily due to lower net earnings from core operations and a $25.7 million decrease in dividends from unconsolidated joint ventures.

27

Investing Activities

Net cash used by investing activities was $88.7 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $44.3 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2024. Net cash used by investing activities in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 was driven primarily by the acquisition of Ragasco and capital expenditures partially offset by proceeds from the sale of 51% of the nominal share capital of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment on May 29, 2024.

Investment activities are largely discretionary and future investment activities could be reduced significantly, or eliminated, as economic conditions warrant. We assess acquisition opportunities as they arise, and any such opportunities may require additional financing. However, there can be no assurance that any such opportunities will arise, that any such acquisition opportunities will be consummated, or that any needed additional financing will be available on satisfactory terms if required.

Financing Activities

Net cash used by financing activities was $18.1 million during the first quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $269.3 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2024. During the first quarter of fiscal 2025, we paid $6.8 million to repurchase 150,000 common shares and paid dividends of $8.1 million on the common shares. During the first quarter of fiscal 2024, we paid dividends of $15.7 million on the common shares and repaid $243.8 million of long-term debt associated with the redemption of the 2026 Notes.

Common shares – On September 24, 2024, the Board declared a quarterly dividend of $0.17 per common share payable on December 27, 2024, to shareholders of record at the close of business on December 13, 2024. During the first quarter of fiscal 2024, we declared dividends totaling $0.32 per common share under our pre-Separation capital structure.

On March 20, 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 common shares.

On March 24, 2021, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000. As of August 31, 2024, 5,915,000 common shares remained available for repurchase under these two authorizations.

The common shares may be repurchased under these authorizations from time to time, with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately negotiated transactions.

Long-term debt and short-term borrowings – As of August 31, 2024, we were in compliance with the financial covenants of our short-term and long-term debt agreements. Our debt agreements do not include credit rating triggers or material adverse change provisions. There were no outstanding borrowings drawn against the Credit Facility at August 31, 2024, leaving the full borrowing capacity of $500.0 million available for future use.

28

Dividend Policy

We currently have no material contractual or regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends. Dividends are declared at the discretion of the Board. The Board reviews the dividend quarterly and establishes the dividend rate based upon our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, current and projected cash flows, business prospects, and other relevant factors. While we have paid a dividend every quarter since becoming a public company in 1968, there is no guarantee that payments of dividends will continue in the future.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to our valuation of receivables, inventories, intangible assets, accrued liabilities, income and other tax accruals, contingencies and litigation, and business combinations. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These results form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Critical accounting policies are defined as those that reflect our significant judgments and uncertainties that could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Although actual results historically have not deviated significantly from those determined using our estimates, our consolidated financial position or results of operations could be materially different if we were to report under different conditions or to use different assumptions in the application of such policies. Our critical accounting policies have not significantly changed from those discussed in “Part II – Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Estimates” of the 2024 Form 10-K.

Item 3. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market risks have not materially changed from those disclosed in “Part II – Item 7A. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of the 2024 Form 10-K.

Item 4. – Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that Worthington Enterprises files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including Worthington Enterprises’ principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management, under the supervision of and with the participation of Worthington Enterprises’ principal executive officer and principal financial officer, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q (the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024). Based on that evaluation, Worthington Enterprises’ principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were designed at the reasonable assurance level and were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of the end of the quarterly period covered by this Form 10-Q.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes that occurred during the period covered by this Form 10-Q (the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024) in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

29

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. – Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various judicial and administrative proceedings, as both plaintiff and defendant, arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe that any such proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operation or cash flows.

Item 1A. – Risk Factors

There are certain risks and uncertainties in our business that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated. In “PART I – Item 1A. – Risk Factors” of the 2024 Form 10-K, we included a detailed discussion of our risk factors. Our risk factors have not changed significantly from those disclosed in the 2024 Form 10-K. Those risk factors should be read carefully in connection with evaluating our business and investments in the common shares and in connection with the forward-looking statements and other information contained in this Form 10-Q. Any of the risks described in the 2024 Form 10-K could materially affect our business, consolidated financial condition or future results and the actual outcome of matters as to which forward-looking statements are made. The risk factors described in the 2024 Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, consolidated financial condition and/or future results.

Item 2. – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

There were no equity securities of Worthington Enterprises sold by Worthington Enterprises during the three months ended August 31, 2024 that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Common shares withheld to cover tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted common shares are treated as common share purchases for purposes of the following table. However, those withheld common shares are not considered common share repurchases under an authorized common share repurchase plan or program. The total number of common shares purchased, as indicated in the table below, include (1) common shares withheld from our employees to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding obligations arising from the vesting of restricted common shares and (2) common shares repurchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs.

							Maximum Number of
					Total Number of Common		Common Shares that
	Total Number of				Shares Purchased as Part		May Yet Be
	Common Shares		Average Price Paid		of Publicly Announced		Purchased Under the
Period	Purchased		per Common Share		Plans or Programs		Plans or Programs (1)
June 1-30, 2024		68,044	$	48.65		30,000		6,035,000
July 1-31, 2024		152,248		45.50		120,000		5,915,000
August 1-31, 2024		203		45.45		-		5,915,000
Total		220,495	$	46.53		150,000

——————————————————

(1)The number shown represents, as of the end of each period, the maximum number of common shares that could be purchased under the publicly announced repurchase authorizations then in effect. On March 20, 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 common shares. On March 24, 2021, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000 (net of previously repurchased common shares). A total of 4,085,000 common shares have been repurchased since the latest authorization, leaving 5,915,000 common shares available for repurchase under these authorizations at August 31, 2024, and such authorizations are not subject to a fixed expiration date. The common shares available for repurchase under the authorizations currently in effect may be purchased from time to time, with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions.

30

Item 3. – Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. – Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. – Other Information

During the quarter ended August 31, 2024, no director or officer (as defined under Rule 16a-1 of the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements (in each case, as defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K).

Item 6. – Exhibits

		Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit No.	Exhibit Description	Form	Exhibit	Filing Date
10.1	Worthington Enterprises, Inc. 2024 Long-Term Incentive Plan†	8-K	10.1	9/30/2024
31.1	Rule 13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) Certifications (Principal Executive Officer)*
31.2	Rule 13a - 14(a)/15d - 14(a) Certifications (Principal Financial Officer)*
32.1	Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer**
32.2	Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer**
101	Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 and (v) Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.*
104	The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101.*

——————————————————

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

† Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

31

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC.
Date: October 7, 2024	By:	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
		Joseph B. Hayek,
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial and Operations Officer
		(On behalf of the registrant as Duly Authorized Officer and as Principal Financial Officer)

32

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

RULE 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a)

CERTIFICATIONS (PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER)

CERTIFICATIONS

I, B. Andrew Rose, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024 of Worthington Enterprises, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: October 7, 2024	By:	/s/ B. Andrew Rose
		B. Andrew Rose,
		Chief Executive Officer and President

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

RULE 13a-14(a) / 15d-14(a)

CERTIFICATIONS (PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER)

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Joseph B. Hayek, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024 of Worthington Enterprises, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)), for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: October 7, 2024	By:	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
		Joseph B. Hayek,
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial and Operations Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002*

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Worthington Enterprises, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, B. Andrew Rose, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Date: October 7, 2024	/s/ B. Andrew Rose
	Printed Name: B. Andrew Rose
	Title: Chief Executive Officer and President

*These certifications are being furnished as required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. These certifications shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Worthington Enterprises, Inc. specifically incorporates these certifications by reference.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002*

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Worthington Enterprises, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended August 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Joseph B. Hayek, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Date: October 7, 2024	/s/ Joseph B. Hayek
	Printed Name: Joseph B. Hayek
	Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial and Operations Officer

*These certifications are being furnished as required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. These certifications shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Worthington Enterprises, Inc. specifically incorporates these certifications by reference.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Aug. 31, 2024
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Trading Symbol	WOR
Entity Registrant Name	WORTHINGTON ENTERPRISES, INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000108516
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--05-31
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	OH
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity File Number	001-08399
Entity Tax Identification Number	31-1189815
Entity Address, Address Line One	200 West Old Wilson Bridge Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Columbus
Entity Address, State or Province	OH
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	43085
City Area Code	614
Local Phone Number	438-3210
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		50,260,265
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Shares, Without Par Value
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 178,547	$ 244,225
Receivables, less allowances of $508 and $343, respectively	168,497	199,798
Inventories:
Raw materials	77,577	66,040
Work in process	10,053	11,668
Finished products	99,669	86,907
Total inventories	187,299	164,615
Income taxes receivable	4,711	17,319
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	37,383	47,936
Total current assets	576,437	673,893
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates	140,467	144,863
Operating lease assets	27,109	18,667
Goodwill	373,375	331,595
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $87,024 and $83,242, respectively	250,376	221,071
Other assets	21,611	21,342
Property, plant and equipment:
Land	8,676	8,657
Buildings and improvements	129,254	123,478
Machinery and equipment	344,250	321,836
Construction in progress	33,841	24,504
Total property, plant and equipment	516,021	478,475
Less: accumulated depreciation	260,125	251,269
Total property, plant and equipment, net	255,896	227,206
Total assets	1,645,271	1,638,637
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	82,768	91,605
Accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes	30,536	41,974
Dividends payable	9,443	9,038
Other accrued items	34,486	29,061
Current operating lease liabilities	7,353	6,228
Income taxes payable	1,652	470
Total current liabilities	166,238	178,376
Other liabilities	57,918	62,243
Distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate	110,522	111,905
Long-term debt	300,009	298,133
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	20,166	12,818
Deferred income taxes, net	87,177	84,150
Total liabilities	742,030	747,625
Shareholders' equity - controlling interest	901,353	888,879
Noncontrolling interests	1,888	2,133
Total equity	903,241	891,012
Total liabilities and equity	$ 1,645,271	$ 1,638,637

XML

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Receivables, allowances	$ 508	$ 343
Other intangible assets, accumulated amortization	$ 87,024	$ 83,242

XML

Consolidated Statements of Earnings - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net sales	$ 257,308	$ 311,918
Cost of goods sold	194,813	242,288
Gross profit	62,495	69,630
Selling, general and administrative expense	66,036	74,544
Restructuring and other expense, net	1,158
Separation costs		2,410
Operating loss	(4,699)	(7,324)
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net	486	299
Loss on extinguishment of debt		(1,534)
Interest expense, net	(489)	(1,074)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	35,492	45,424
Earnings before income taxes	30,790	35,791
Income tax expense	6,782	8,960
Net earnings from continuing operations	24,008	26,831
Net earnings from discontinued operations		72,872
Net earnings	24,008	99,703
Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(245)	3,597
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	24,253	96,106
Amounts attributable to controlling interest:
Net earnings from continuing operations	24,253	26,831
Net earnings from discontinued operations		69,275
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$ 24,253	$ 96,106
Earnings per share from continuing operations - basic	$ 0.49	$ 0.55
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - basic		1.42
Net earnings per share attributable to controlling interest - basic	0.49	1.97
Earnings per share from continuing operations - diluted	0.48	0.54
Earnings per share from discontinued operations - diluted		1.39
Net earnings per share attributable to controlling interest - diluted	$ 0.48	$ 1.93
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic	49,487	48,842
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted	50,365	49,886
Cash dividends declared per common share	$ 0.17	$ 0.32

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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net earnings	$ 24,008	$ 99,703
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation	541	1,444
Pension liability adjustment	(7)	3
Cash flow hedges	(50)	(6,849)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	484	(5,408)
Comprehensive income	24,492	94,295
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(245)	3,597
Comprehensive income attributable to controlling interest	$ 24,737	$ 90,698

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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Operating activities:
Net earnings	$ 24,008	$ 99,703
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	11,830	28,325
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Benefit from deferred income taxes	(5,537)	(5,453)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		1,534
Bad debt income	(8)	(799)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of distributions	3,453	10,225
Net loss (gain) on sale of assets	(18)	105
Stock-based compensation	3,925	4,516
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of impact of acquisitions:
Receivables	28,166	(8,843)
Inventories	(6,406)	(64,327)
Accounts payable	(13,093)	278
Accrued compensation and employee benefits	(11,445)	(12,014)
Other operating items, net	6,271	5,045
Net cash provided by operating activities	41,146	59,696
Investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment	(9,629)	(29,298)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(88,887)
Proceeds from sale of assets, net of selling costs	11,769	51
Investment in non-marketable equity securities	(2,000)	(40)
Investment in note receivable		(15,000)
Net cash used by investing activities	(88,747)	(44,287)
Financing activities:
Dividends paid	(8,116)	(15,725)
Repurchase of common shares	(6,803)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net of tax withholdings	(3,158)	(5,130)
Net repayments of short-term borrowings		(2,813)
Principal payments on long-term obligations		(243,757)
Payments to noncontrolling interests		(1,921)
Net cash used by financing activities	(18,077)	(269,346)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(65,678)	(253,937)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	244,225	454,946
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 178,547	$ 201,009

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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ 24,253	$ 96,106

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Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

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Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Note A – Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Worthington Enterprises and its consolidated subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

We own an 80% controlling interest in Halo, which was acquired on February 1, 2024. Halo is consolidated with the equity owned by the other joint venture members shown as “noncontrolling interests” in our consolidated balance sheets, and the other joint venture members’ portions of net earnings and OCI are shown as net earnings or comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings and consolidated statements of comprehensive income, respectively.

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates that we do not control are accounted for using the equity method with our proportionate share of income or loss recognized within equity income in our consolidated statements of earnings. See further discussion of our unconsolidated affiliates in “Note C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates.”

These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature except those which have been disclosed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for these interim periods, have been included. Operating results for the first quarter of fiscal 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the 2024 Form 10-K.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Separation of the Steel Processing Business

On December 1, 2023, we completed the spin-off of our former steel processing business into an independent publicly traded company, Worthington Steel, on a tax-free basis. Accordingly, the operating results of the former steel processing business are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented, as discussed in further detail in “Note B – Discontinued Operations.” All discussion within this Form 10-Q, including amounts, percentages and disclosures for all periods presented, reflect only our continuing operations unless otherwise noted.

In connection with the Separation, we entered into several agreements with Worthington Steel that govern our ongoing relationships, the most significant of which is the long-term Steel Supply Agreement. Other agreements include a long-term Steel Supply Agreement, a Trademark License Agreement, and Transition Services Agreement. Amounts under the Trademark License Agreement and Transition Services Agreement were not significant during the first quarter of fiscal 2025.

Pursuant to the long-term Steel Supply Agreement, Worthington Steel manufactures and supplies to us, at reasonable market rates, certain flat rolled steel products, and will provide us with certain related support services such as design, engineering/technical services, price risk management, scrap management, steel purchasing, supply chain optimization and product rework services, and other services at our request that are ancillary to the supply of the flat rolled steel products. Purchases from Worthington Steel under this agreement for the first quarter of fiscal 2025, totaled $28,431, of which $7,424 was payable at August 31, 2024.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize all revenue at the point in time the performance obligation is satisfied and control of the product is transferred to the customer upon shipment or delivery.

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Discontinued Operations

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Discontinued Operations

Note B – Discontinued Operations

The following table summarizes the financial results from the discontinued operations of Worthington Steel for the three months ended August 31, 2023.

Net sales	$	881,338
Cost of goods sold		753,479
Gross profit		127,859
Selling, general and administrative expense		37,802
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Separation costs		3,626
Operating income		85,030
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net		710
Interest expense, net		(2,009	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliate		8,957
Earnings before income taxes		92,688
Income tax expense		19,816
Net earnings		72,872
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest		3,597
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	69,275

As permitted under GAAP, the cash flows related to discontinued operations have not been segregated in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Accordingly, the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2023 include the results from both continuing and discontinued operations and amounts for certain captions will not agree with respective data in the consolidated balance sheet.

The following table summarizes significant non-cash operating items and capital expenditures of discontinued operations included in the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2023.

Significant non-cash operating items:
Depreciation and amortization	$	16,250
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate		(8,957	)
Stock-based compensation		1,157
Significant investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		(19,775	)

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Note C – Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in joint ventures that we do not control, either through majority ownership or otherwise, are unconsolidated and accounted for using the equity method. At August 31, 2024, we held investments in the following unconsolidated joint ventures: ClarkDietrich (25%); Sustainable Energy Solutions (49%); WAVE (50%); and Workhorse (20%).

We received distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaling $38,945 during the three months ended August 31, 2024. We have received cumulative distributions from WAVE in excess of our investment balance, which resulted in a negative asset balance of $110,522 and $111,905 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we have reclassified the negative balances to distributions in excess of investment in unconsolidated affiliate within our consolidated balance sheets. We will continue to record our equity in the net income of WAVE as a debit to the investment account, and if it becomes positive, it will again be shown as an asset on our consolidated balance sheets. If it becomes probable that any excess distribution may not be returned (upon joint venture liquidation or otherwise), we will immediately recognize any balance classified as a liability as income.

We use the cumulative earnings approach to determine the cash flow presentation of distributions from our unconsolidated joint ventures. Distributions received are included in our consolidated statements of cash flows as operating activities unless the cumulative distributions exceed our share of the cumulative equity in the net earnings of the joint venture. In such cases, the excess distributions are considered returns of investment and are classified as investing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. No distributions exceeded our share in any of our unconsolidated joint ventures during the first quarter of fiscal 2025.

The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates included in continuing operations as of the dates, and for the periods presented:

	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,939	$	36,163
Other current assets		566,270		605,043
Noncurrent assets		368,543		360,261
Total assets	$	978,752	$	1,001,467
Current liabilities		216,817		264,963
Current maturities of long-term debt		6,583		13,450
Long-term debt		356,485		349,431
Other noncurrent liabilities		146,754		146,984
Equity		252,113		226,639
Total liabilities and equity	$	978,752	$	1,001,467

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024		2023
Net sales	$	515,673	$	568,584
Gross profit		134,335		173,017
Operating income		94,346		131,447
Depreciation and amortization		8,006		7,576
Interest expense		4,758		5,739
Income tax expense		645		909
Net earnings		90,682		125,653

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Restructuring and Other Expense, Net

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and Other Expense, Net

Note D – Restructuring and Other Expense, Net

We consider restructuring activities to be programs whereby we fundamentally change our operations, such as divestitures, closing or consolidating facilities, employee severance (including rationalizing headcount or other significant changes in personnel), and realignment of existing operations (including changes to management structure in response to underlying performance and/or changing market conditions).

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption in our consolidated statement of earnings for the three months ended August 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Balance at							Balance at
	May 31, 2024		Expense		Payments			August 31, 2024
Early retirement and severance	$	188	$	435	$	(423	)	$	200
Loss on sale of assets				723
Restructuring and other expense, net			$	1,158

The total liability associated with our restructuring activities as of August 31, 2024 is expected to be paid in the next 12 months.

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Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Note E – Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Legal Proceedings

We are defendants in certain legal actions. In the opinion of management, the outcome of these actions, which is not clearly determinable at the present time, would not significantly affect our consolidated financial position or future results of operations. We also believe that environmental issues will not have a material effect on our capital expenditures, consolidated financial position or future results of operations.

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Guarantees

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Guarantees and Product Warranties [Abstract]

Guarantees

Note F – Guarantees

We do not have guarantees that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. However, at August 31, 2024, we were party to an operating lease for an aircraft in which we guaranteed a residual value at the termination of the lease on March 30, 2028. The maximum obligation under the terms of this guarantee was approximately $15,095 at August 31, 2024. Based on current facts and circumstances, we have estimated the likelihood of payment pursuant to this guarantee is not probable and, therefore, no amount has been recognized in our consolidated financial statements.

At August 31, 2024, we also had in place $10,500 of outstanding stand-by letters of credit issued to third-party service providers. The fair value of these guaranteed instruments, based on premiums paid, was not material and no amounts were drawn against them at August 31, 2024.

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Debt

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Note G – Debt

Our multi-year revolving Credit Facility is scheduled to mature on September 27, 2028. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year. We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, the Prime Rate of PNC Bank, National Association or the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR. The applicable margin is determined by our total leverage ratio. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facility at August 31, 2024 or May 31, 2024, leaving $500,000 available for use.

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Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Note H – Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024								2023
	Before-Tax			Tax		Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
Foreign currency translation	$	(12	)	$	553	$	541		$	1,326		$	118		$	1,444
Pension liability adjustment		(7	)		-		(7	)		-			(3	)		(3	)
Cash flow hedges		(65	)		15		(50	)		(8,811	)		1,962			(6,849	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(84	)	$	568	$	484		$	(7,485	)	$	2,077		$	(5,408	)

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Changes in Equity

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Changes in Equity

Note I – Changes in Equity

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
	Additional
	Paid-in			AOCI,		Retained						Noncontrolling
	Capital			Net of Tax		Earnings			Subtotal			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	299,033		$	454	$	589,392		$	888,879		$	2,133		$	891,012
Net earnings (loss)		-			-		24,253			24,253			(245	)		24,008
Other comprehensive income		-			484		-			484			-			484
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(3,158	)		-		-			(3,158	)		-			(3,158	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		32			-		-			32			-			32
Stock-based compensation		6,216			-		-			6,216			-			6,216
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(884	)		-		(5,919	)		(6,803	)		-			(6,803	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-		(8,550	)		(8,550	)		-			(8,550	)
Balance at August 31, 2024	$	301,239		$	938	$	599,176		$	901,353		$	1,888		$	903,241

	Controlling Interest
	Additional
	Paid-in			AOCI,			Retained						Noncontrolling
	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Subtotal			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2023	$	290,799		$	(23,179	)	$	1,428,391			1,696,011		$	125,617		$	1,821,628
Net earnings		-			-			96,106			96,106			3,597			99,703
Other comprehensive loss		-			(5,408	)		-			(5,408	)		-			(5,408	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(5,130	)		-			-			(5,130	)		-			(5,130	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		130			-			-			130			-			130
Stock-based compensation		8,995			-			-			8,995			-			8,995
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(16,081	)		(16,081	)		-			(16,081	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(1,921	)		(1,921	)
Balance at August 31, 2023	$	294,794		$	(28,587	)	$	1,508,416		$	1,774,623		$	127,293		$	1,901,916

The following table summarizes the changes in AOCI for the periods presented:

	Foreign			Pension
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			AOCI
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	(669	)	$	(441	)	$	1,564		$	454
OCI before reclassifications		(12	)		(7	)		(398	)		(417	)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			333			333
Income tax effect		553			-			15			568
Balance at August 31, 2024	$	(128	)	$	(448	)	$	1,514		$	938

	Foreign			Pension
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			AOCI
Balance at May 31, 2023	$	(22,123	)	$	(1,730	)	$	674		$	(23,179	)
OCI before reclassifications		1,326			-			(2,038	)		(712	)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			(6,773	)		(6,773	)
Income tax effect		118			(3	)		1,962			2,077
Balance at August 31, 2023	$	(20,679	)	$	(1,733	)	$	(6,175	)	$	(28,587	)

——————————————————

(a)The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net income for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

Common Shares: On March 20, 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 of the common shares. On March 24, 2021, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 of the common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000. The total number of common shares available for repurchase under these authorizations at August 31, 2024 was 5,915,000. These common shares may be repurchased from time to time, with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions.

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Note J – Stock-Based Compensation

Non-Qualified Stock Options

During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we granted non-qualified stock options covering a total of 31,200 common shares under our stock-based compensation plans. For each grant, the exercise price of $47.00 was equal to the closing market price of the underlying common shares at the grant date. The weighted average fair value of these non-qualified stock options, based on the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, calculated at the grant date, was $17.57 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these non-qualified stock options was $548 and will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures. The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended August 31, 2024 was based on the following assumptions:

Dividend yield	1.35	%
Expected volatility	36.90	%
Risk-free interest rate	4.28	%
Expected term (years)	6.0

Due to the Separation, we use a comparable peer group to determine the expected volatility of the common shares. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury strip rate for the expected term of the non-qualified stock options. The expected term was developed using historical exercise experience.

Service-Based Restricted Common Shares

During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we granted an aggregate of 82,930 service-based restricted common shares under our stock-based compensation plans, which cliff vest three years from the grant date. The fair value of these restricted common shares was equal to the weighted average closing market price of the underlying common shares on the grant date, or $47.04 per share. The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these restricted common shares of $3,901 will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year vesting period, net of any forfeitures.

Performance Share Awards

We have awarded performance shares to certain key employees under our stock-based compensation plans. Outstanding performance share awards may be earned based on the level of achievement of corporate targets for cumulative corporate economic value added and EPS growth and, in the case of business unit executives, a business unit adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations target, in each case for the three-year periods ending May 31, 2025, 2026 and 2027. These performance share awards will be paid, to the extent earned, in common shares in the fiscal quarter following the end of the applicable three-year performance period. The fair values of our performance shares are determined by the closing market prices of the underlying common shares at the respective grant dates of the performance shares and the pre-tax stock-based compensation expense is based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved and our estimate of the number of common shares that will ultimately be issued. The ultimate pre-tax stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the three-year performance period on all tranches will vary based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved. During the three months ended August 31, 2024, we granted performance share awards covering an aggregate of 24,100 common shares (at target levels). The calculated pre-tax stock-based compensation expense for these performance shares is $1,133 (at target levels). The ultimate pre-tax stock-based compensation expense to be recognized over the three-year performance period on all tranches will vary based on our periodic assessment of the probability of the targets being achieved.

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note K – Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023 reflected estimated annual effective income tax rates of 24.5% and 25.1%, respectively. Management is required to estimate the annual effective income tax rate based upon its forecast of annual pre-tax income for domestic and foreign operations. Our actual effective income tax rate for fiscal 2025 could be materially different from the forecasted rate as of August 31, 2024.

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Earnings per Share

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings per Share

Note L – Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024		2023
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings from continuing operations attributable to controlling interest	$	24,253	$	26,831
Denominator (shares in thousands):
Basic EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares		49,487		48,842
Effect of dilutive securities		878		1,044
Diluted EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares		50,365		49,886
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$	0.49	$	0.55
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$	0.48	$	0.54

Stock options covering an aggregate of 77,837 and 26,296 common shares for the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because the effect would have been anti-dilutive for those periods.

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Segment Operations

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Operations

Note M – Segment Operations

Our operating segments reflect the way in which internally-reported financial information is regularly reviewed by the CODM to analyze performance, make decisions and allocate resources. We have identified our Chief Executive Officer as our CODM. Factors used to identify operating segments include the nature of the products provided by each business, the management reporting structure, similarity of economic characteristics and certain quantitative measures, as prescribed by GAAP. Our operations are organized under two operating segments: Consumer Products and Building Products. Our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment is presented within Unallocated Corporate and Other in periods prior to its deconsolidation on May 29, 2024. Unallocated Corporate and Other also includes certain assets and liabilities (e.g. public debt) held at the corporate level as well as general corporate expenses that are not directly attributable to our business operations and are administrative in nature, such as public company and other governance-related costs that benefit the organization as a whole.

The following tables present summarized financial information for our reportable segments and Unallocated Corporate and Other for the periods indicated. A reconciliation from the GAAP financial measure of earnings before income taxes to the non-GAAP financial measure of adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is provided directly following the summarized information below.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
					Total		Unallocated
	Consumer		Building		Reportable		Corporate and
	Products		Products		Segments		Other			Total
Net sales	$	117,596	$	139,712	$	257,308	$	-		$	257,308
Restructuring and other expense, net		-		289		289		869			1,158
Miscellaneous income, net		17		242		259		227			486
Equity income		-		36,645		36,645		(1,153	)		35,492
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		17,775		39,729		57,504		(9,067	)		48,437

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
					Total		Unallocated
	Consumer		Building		Reportable		Corporate and
	Products		Products		Segments		Other			Total
Net sales	$	117,353	$	165,928	$	283,281	$	28,637		$	311,918
Separation costs		-		-		-		2,410			2,410
Miscellaneous income, net		25		63		88		211			299
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-		-		-		1,534			1,534
Equity income		-		45,043		45,043		381			45,424
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		14,275		59,692		73,967		(8,052	)		65,915

The following table presents a reconciliation from earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Earnings before income taxes	$	30,790		$	35,791
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(245	)		-
Net earnings before income taxes attributable to controlling interest		31,035			35,791
Interest expense, net		489			1,074
EBIT (1)		31,524			36,865
Corporate costs eliminated at Separation		-			9,672
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158			-
Separation costs		-			2,410
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			1,534
Adjusted EBIT (1)		32,682			50,481
Depreciation and amortization		11,830			12,075
Stock-based compensation		3,925			3,359
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	$	48,437		$	65,915

(1)EBIT and adjusted EBIT are not used by management to evaluate our performance, engage in financial and operational planning, or to determine incentive compensation. Instead, they are included as subtotals in the reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, which management uses to assess operating performance.

Total assets for each of our reportable segments at the dates indicated were as follows:

	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Consumer Products	$	564,744	$	557,826
Building Products		777,749		672,723
Total reportable segments		1,342,493		1,230,549
Unallocated Corporate and Other		302,778		408,088
Total assets of continuing operations	$	1,645,271	$	1,638,637

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Acquisitions

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Acquisitions

Note N – Acquisitions

On June 3, 2024, we acquired Ragasco, a leading global manufacturer of composite propane cylinders based in Norway. The total purchase price consisted of cash consideration of $102,156, of which $11,343 was on deposit at May 31, 2024, and contingent consideration in the form of an earnout agreement with an estimated acquisition date fair value of $7,000. The earnout agreement provides for additional cash consideration of up to $14,000 should certain earnings targets be met through calendar year 2024. Ragasco operates as part of the Building Products operating segment and its results have been included in our consolidated statements of earnings since the date of acquisition. Pro forma results, including the acquired business since the beginning of fiscal 2023, would not be materially different from reported results.

The information included herein is based on the preliminary allocation of the purchase price using estimates of the fair value and useful lives of the assets acquired. The purchase price allocation is subject to further adjustment until all pertinent information regarding the assets acquired is fully evaluated by us, including but not limited to, the fair value accounting.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, with goodwill representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. The purchase price includes the fair values of other assets that were not identifiable, not separately recognizable under accounting rules (e.g., assembled workforce) or of immaterial value. The purchase price also includes strategic and synergistic benefits (i.e., investment value) specific to us, which resulted in a purchase price in excess of the fair value of the identifiable net assets. This additional investment value resulted in goodwill, which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their estimated acquisition-date fair values, with goodwill representing the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. In connection with the acquisition of Ragasco, we identified and valued the following intangible assets:

			Useful Life
Category	Amount		(Years)
Trade name	$	5,520	10
Technological know-how		14,660	10
Customer relationships		12,660	15
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$	32,840

The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the estimated fair value assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. These amounts reflect various preliminary fair value estimates and assumptions, including preliminary work performed by a third-party valuation specialist, and are subject to change within the measurement period as the valuation is finalized. The primary areas of preliminary purchase price allocation subject to change relate to the valuation of acquired tangible assets and liabilities, identification and valuation of residual goodwill and tax effects of acquired assets and assumed liabilities.

	Preliminary
	Valuation
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,925
Accounts receivable		8,554
Inventory		16,403
Other current assets		990
Property, plant and equipment		27,325
Operating lease assets		8,834
Intangible assets		32,840
Total identifiable assets		96,871
Accounts payable		(4,885	)
Current operating lease liability		(980	)
Accrued expenses		(6,344	)
Noncurrent operating lease liability		(7,886	)
Deferred income taxes		(8,861	)
Other liabilities		(100	)
Net identifiable assets		67,815
Goodwill		41,480
Total purchase price		109,295
Less: Fair value of earnout		7,139
Cash purchase price	$	102,156

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

We utilize derivative financial instruments to primarily manage exposure to certain risks related to our ongoing operations. The primary risks managed through the use of derivative financial instruments include interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange risk and commodity price risk. While certain of our derivative financial instruments are designated as hedging instruments, we also enter into derivative financial instruments that are designed to hedge a risk, but are not designated as hedging instruments and therefore do not qualify for hedge accounting. These derivative financial instruments are adjusted to current fair value through earnings at the end of each period.

Interest Rate Risk Management - We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. Our objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on cash flows and the market value of our borrowings. We utilize a mix of debt maturities along with both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt to manage changes in interest rates. In addition, we enter into interest rate swaps to further manage our exposure to interest rate variations related to our borrowings and to lower our overall borrowing costs.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk Management - We conduct business in several major international currencies and are, therefore, subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates. We enter into various contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change to manage this exposure. Such contracts limit exposure to both favorable and unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars also subjects us to exposure related to fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates; however, derivative financial instruments are not used to manage this risk.

Commodity Price Risk Management – We are exposed to changes in the price of certain commodities, including steel, natural gas, copper, zinc, aluminum and other raw materials, and our utility requirements. Our objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with forecasted purchases and sales of these commodities to allow management to focus its attention on business operations. Accordingly, we enter into derivative financial instruments to manage the associated price risk.

We are exposed to counterparty credit risk on all of our derivative financial instruments. Accordingly, we have established and maintain strict counterparty credit guidelines. We have credit support agreements in place with certain counterparties to limit our credit exposure. These agreements require either party to post cash collateral if its cumulative market position exceeds a predefined liability threshold. Amounts posted to the margin accounts accrue interest at market rates and are required to be refunded in the period in which the cumulative market position falls below the required threshold. We do not have significant exposure to any one counterparty and management believes the risk of loss is remote and, in any event, would not be material.

Refer to “Note P – Fair Value Measurements” for additional information regarding the accounting treatment for our derivative financial instruments, as well as how fair value is determined. The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative financial instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024:

	Fair Value of Assets					Fair Value of Liabilities
	Balance					Balance
	Sheet	August 31,		May 31,		Sheet	August 31,		May 31,
	Location	2024		2024		Location	2024		2024
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	917	$	601	Accounts payable	$	263	$	83
Commodity contracts	Other assets		-		-	Other liabilities		-		21
Subtotal			917		601			263		104
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	58	$	319	Accounts payable	$	239	$	69
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-		-	Accounts payable		200		1,248
Subtotal			58		319			439		1,317
Total derivative financial instruments		$	975	$	920		$	702	$	1,421

The amounts in the table above reflect the fair value of our derivative financial instruments on a net basis where allowed under master netting arrangements. Had these amounts been recognized on a gross basis, the impact would have been an increase in receivables with a corresponding increase in accounts payable of $682 and $391 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively.

Cash Flow Hedges

We enter into derivative financial instruments to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows attributable to interest rate and commodity price fluctuations associated with certain forecasted transactions. These derivative financial instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, the effective portion of the gain or loss on each of these derivative financial instruments is reported as a component of OCI and reclassified into earnings in the same line associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at August 31, 2024:

	Notional
	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	3,407	September 2024 - December 2025

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into net earnings for derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

				Location of	Gain (Loss)
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)	Reclassified
	Recognized			Reclassified from AOCI	from AOCI
	in OCI			into Net Earnings	into Net Earnings
For the three months ended August 31, 2024:
Commodity contracts	$	(398	)	Cost of goods sold	$	(385	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense, net		52
Total	$	(398	)		$	(333	)
For the three months ended August 31, 2023:
Commodity contracts	$	(411	)	Cost of goods sold	$	(669	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Loss on extinguishment of debt		(641	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		31
Foreign currency exchange contracts		23		Miscellaneous income, net		53
Total	$	(388	)		$	(1,226	)

The estimated amount of the net gains recognized in AOCI at August 31, 2024, expected to be reclassified into net earnings within the succeeding 12 months is $437 (net of tax of $143). This amount was computed using the fair value of the cash flow hedges at August 31, 2024, and will change before actual reclassification from OCI to net earnings during the fiscal years ending May 31, 2025 and May 31, 2026.

Net Investment Hedges

We have designated our Euro-denominated debt held in the U.S. with a principal €91,700 as a non-derivative net investment hedge of our foreign operations in Portugal. Accordingly, the foreign currency effects resulting from the remeasurement of this debt have been deferred in AOCI as an offset to the translation of our net investment in Portugal. A remeasurement loss of $1,835 was deferred in AOCI during the three months ended August 31, 2024.

Economic (Non-designated) Hedges

We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage our foreign currency exchange rate exposure related to inter-company and financing transactions that do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment. We also enter into certain commodity contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, these derivative financial instruments are adjusted to current market value at the end of each period through gain (loss) recognized in earnings.

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments outstanding at August 31, 2024:

	Notional
	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	1,364	September 2024 - June 2025
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	66,039	November 2024

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain
		Recognized in Earnings
		Three Months Ended
	Location of Gain	August 31,
	Recognized in Earnings	2024		2023
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	87	$	843
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		1,047		-
Total		$	1,134	$	843

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Fair Value

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

Note P – Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is an exit price concept that assumes an orderly transaction between willing market participants and is required to be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. Current accounting guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy as a basis for considering such assumptions and for classifying the inputs used in the valuation methodologies. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair values are as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities (i.e., allowing for situations in which there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date).

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At August 31, 2024, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	975	$	-	$	975
Total assets	$	-	$	975	$	-	$	975
Liabilities (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	702	$	-	$	702
Total liabilities	$	-	$	702	$	-	$	702

At May 31, 2024, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	920	$	-	$	920
Total assets	$	-	$	920	$	-	$	920
Liabilities (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	1,421	$	-	$	1,421
Total liabilities	$	-	$	1,421	$	-	$	1,421

——————————————————

(1)The fair value of our derivative financial instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities. Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows. Refer to “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative financial instruments.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

At August 31, 2024, there were no assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis on our consolidated balance sheet.

At May 31, 2024, our assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Investment in note receivable (1)	$	-	$	5,000	$	-	$	5,000
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate (2)		-		-		31,367		31,367
Total assets	$	-	$	5,000	$	31,367	$	36,367

——————————————————

(1)Reflects the write-down of an investment in notes receivable that was determined to be other than temporarily impaired.

(2)On May 29, 2024, in connection with the contribution of the net assets of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment to the newly-formed Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture, we obtained a 49% minority ownership interest in the joint venture. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, our minority ownership interest in the Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture was recorded at its acquisition date fair value of $31,367.

The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments included in the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables, income taxes receivable, other assets, accounts payable, accrued compensation, contributions to employee benefit plans and related taxes, other accrued items, income taxes payable and other liabilities approximate carrying value due to their short-term nature. The fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities, based upon models utilizing market observable (Level 2) inputs and credit risk, was $266,478 and $257,866 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively. The carrying amount of long-term debt, including current maturities, was $300,009 and $298,133 at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024, respectively.

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Discontinued Operations (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Summary of Financial Results from Discontinued Operations

The following table summarizes the financial results from the discontinued operations of Worthington Steel for the three months ended August 31, 2023.

Net sales	$	881,338
Cost of goods sold		753,479
Gross profit		127,859
Selling, general and administrative expense		37,802
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Separation costs		3,626
Operating income		85,030
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net		710
Interest expense, net		(2,009	)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliate		8,957
Earnings before income taxes		92,688
Income tax expense		19,816
Net earnings		72,872
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest		3,597
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$	69,275

The following table summarizes significant non-cash operating items and capital expenditures of discontinued operations included in the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2023.

Significant non-cash operating items:
Depreciation and amortization	$	16,250
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate		(8,957	)
Stock-based compensation		1,157
Significant investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		(19,775	)

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Financial Information

The following tables summarize combined financial information for our unconsolidated affiliates included in continuing operations as of the dates, and for the periods presented:

	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	43,939	$	36,163
Other current assets		566,270		605,043
Noncurrent assets		368,543		360,261
Total assets	$	978,752	$	1,001,467
Current liabilities		216,817		264,963
Current maturities of long-term debt		6,583		13,450
Long-term debt		356,485		349,431
Other noncurrent liabilities		146,754		146,984
Equity		252,113		226,639
Total liabilities and equity	$	978,752	$	1,001,467

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024		2023
Net sales	$	515,673	$	568,584
Gross profit		134,335		173,017
Operating income		94,346		131,447
Depreciation and amortization		8,006		7,576
Interest expense		4,758		5,739
Income tax expense		645		909
Net earnings		90,682		125,653

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Restructuring and Other Expense, Net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Schedule of Progression of Liabilities Associated with Restructuring Activities, Combined with Reconciliation to Restructuring and Other Income, Net

A progression of the liabilities associated with our restructuring activities, combined with a reconciliation to the restructuring and other income, net financial statement caption in our consolidated statement of earnings for the three months ended August 31, 2024 is summarized below:

	Balance at							Balance at
	May 31, 2024		Expense		Payments			August 31, 2024
Early retirement and severance	$	188	$	435	$	(423	)	$	200
Loss on sale of assets				723
Restructuring and other expense, net			$	1,158

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Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of Tax Effects on Each Component of OCI

The following table summarizes the tax effects on each component of OCI for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024								2023
	Before-Tax			Tax		Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax			Tax			Net-of-Tax
Foreign currency translation	$	(12	)	$	553	$	541		$	1,326		$	118		$	1,444
Pension liability adjustment		(7	)		-		(7	)		-			(3	)		(3	)
Cash flow hedges		(65	)		15		(50	)		(8,811	)		1,962			(6,849	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(84	)	$	568	$	484		$	(7,485	)	$	2,077		$	(5,408	)

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Changes in Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of Changes in Equity by Component and in Total

The following tables summarize the changes in equity by component and in total for the periods presented:

	Controlling Interest
	Additional
	Paid-in			AOCI,		Retained						Noncontrolling
	Capital			Net of Tax		Earnings			Subtotal			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	299,033		$	454	$	589,392		$	888,879		$	2,133		$	891,012
Net earnings (loss)		-			-		24,253			24,253			(245	)		24,008
Other comprehensive income		-			484		-			484			-			484
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(3,158	)		-		-			(3,158	)		-			(3,158	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		32			-		-			32			-			32
Stock-based compensation		6,216			-		-			6,216			-			6,216
Purchases and retirement of common shares		(884	)		-		(5,919	)		(6,803	)		-			(6,803	)
Cash dividends declared		-			-		(8,550	)		(8,550	)		-			(8,550	)
Balance at August 31, 2024	$	301,239		$	938	$	599,176		$	901,353		$	1,888		$	903,241

	Controlling Interest
	Additional
	Paid-in			AOCI,			Retained						Noncontrolling
	Capital			Net of Tax			Earnings			Subtotal			Interests			Total
Balance at May 31, 2023	$	290,799		$	(23,179	)	$	1,428,391			1,696,011		$	125,617		$	1,821,628
Net earnings		-			-			96,106			96,106			3,597			99,703
Other comprehensive loss		-			(5,408	)		-			(5,408	)		-			(5,408	)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax		(5,130	)		-			-			(5,130	)		-			(5,130	)
Common shares in non-qualified plans		130			-			-			130			-			130
Stock-based compensation		8,995			-			-			8,995			-			8,995
Cash dividends declared		-			-			(16,081	)		(16,081	)		-			(16,081	)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		-			-			-			-			(1,921	)		(1,921	)
Balance at August 31, 2023	$	294,794		$	(28,587	)	$	1,508,416		$	1,774,623		$	127,293		$	1,901,916

Summary of Changes in AOCI

The following table summarizes the changes in AOCI for the periods presented:

	Foreign			Pension
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			AOCI
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	(669	)	$	(441	)	$	1,564		$	454
OCI before reclassifications		(12	)		(7	)		(398	)		(417	)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			333			333
Income tax effect		553			-			15			568
Balance at August 31, 2024	$	(128	)	$	(448	)	$	1,514		$	938

	Foreign			Pension
	Currency			Liability			Cash Flow
	Translation			Adjustment			Hedges			AOCI
Balance at May 31, 2023	$	(22,123	)	$	(1,730	)	$	674		$	(23,179	)
OCI before reclassifications		1,326			-			(2,038	)		(712	)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings (a)		-			-			(6,773	)		(6,773	)
Income tax effect		118			(3	)		1,962			2,077
Balance at August 31, 2023	$	(20,679	)	$	(1,733	)	$	(6,175	)	$	(28,587	)

——————————————————

(a)The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net income for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

Common Shares: On March 20, 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 6,600,000 of the common shares. On March 24, 2021, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to an additional 5,618,464 of the common shares, increasing the total number of common shares then authorized for repurchase to 10,000,000. The total number of common shares available for repurchase under these authorizations at August 31, 2024 was 5,915,000. These common shares may be repurchased from time to time, with consideration given to the market price of the common shares, the nature of other investment opportunities, cash flows from operations, general economic conditions and other relevant considerations. Repurchases may be made on the open market or through privately-negotiated transactions.

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Non-Qualified Stock Options

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Schedule of Assumptions Used to Determine Fair Value of Stock Options

The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended August 31, 2024 was based on the following assumptions:

Dividend yield	1.35	%
Expected volatility	36.90	%
Risk-free interest rate	4.28	%
Expected term (years)	6.0

Due to the Separation, we use a comparable

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Earnings per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Attributable to Controlling Interest

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS attributable to controlling interest for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024		2023
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings from continuing operations attributable to controlling interest	$	24,253	$	26,831
Denominator (shares in thousands):
Basic EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares		49,487		48,842
Effect of dilutive securities		878		1,044
Diluted EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares		50,365		49,886
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$	0.49	$	0.55
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$	0.48	$	0.54

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Segment Operations (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Financial Information for Reportable Segments

The following tables present summarized financial information for our reportable segments and Unallocated Corporate and Other for the periods indicated. A reconciliation from the GAAP financial measure of earnings before income taxes to the non-GAAP financial measure of adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is provided directly following the summarized information below.

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2024
					Total		Unallocated
	Consumer		Building		Reportable		Corporate and
	Products		Products		Segments		Other			Total
Net sales	$	117,596	$	139,712	$	257,308	$	-		$	257,308
Restructuring and other expense, net		-		289		289		869			1,158
Miscellaneous income, net		17		242		259		227			486
Equity income		-		36,645		36,645		(1,153	)		35,492
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		17,775		39,729		57,504		(9,067	)		48,437

	Three Months Ended August 31, 2023
					Total		Unallocated
	Consumer		Building		Reportable		Corporate and
	Products		Products		Segments		Other			Total
Net sales	$	117,353	$	165,928	$	283,281	$	28,637		$	311,918
Separation costs		-		-		-		2,410			2,410
Miscellaneous income, net		25		63		88		211			299
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-		-		-		1,534			1,534
Equity income		-		45,043		45,043		381			45,424
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		14,275		59,692		73,967		(8,052	)		65,915

Total assets for each of our reportable segments at the dates indicated were as follows:

	August 31,		May 31,
	2024		2024
Consumer Products	$	564,744	$	557,826
Building Products		777,749		672,723
Total reportable segments		1,342,493		1,230,549
Unallocated Corporate and Other		302,778		408,088
Total assets of continuing operations	$	1,645,271	$	1,638,637

Reconciliation from Earnings Before Income Taxes to Adjusted EBITDA from Continuing Operations

The following table presents a reconciliation from earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	August 31,
	2024			2023
Earnings before income taxes	$	30,790		$	35,791
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(245	)		-
Net earnings before income taxes attributable to controlling interest		31,035			35,791
Interest expense, net		489			1,074
EBIT (1)		31,524			36,865
Corporate costs eliminated at Separation		-			9,672
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158			-
Separation costs		-			2,410
Loss on extinguishment of debt		-			1,534
Adjusted EBIT (1)		32,682			50,481
Depreciation and amortization		11,830			12,075
Stock-based compensation		3,925			3,359
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	$	48,437		$	65,915

(1)EBIT and adjusted EBIT are not used by management to evaluate our performance, engage in financial and operational planning, or to determine incentive compensation. Instead, they are included as subtotals in the reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, which management uses to assess operating performance.

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Acquisitions (Tables) - Ragasco

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Schedule of Acquisition of Intangible Assets

In connection with the acquisition of Ragasco, we identified and valued the following intangible assets:

			Useful Life
Category	Amount		(Years)
Trade name	$	5,520	10
Technological know-how		14,660	10
Customer relationships		12,660	15
Total acquired identifiable intangible assets	$	32,840

Schedule of Consideration Transferred for the Assets and the Preliminary Fair Value Assigned to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

	Preliminary
	Valuation
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,925
Accounts receivable		8,554
Inventory		16,403
Other current assets		990
Property, plant and equipment		27,325
Operating lease assets		8,834
Intangible assets		32,840
Total identifiable assets		96,871
Accounts payable		(4,885	)
Current operating lease liability		(980	)
Accrued expenses		(6,344	)
Noncurrent operating lease liability		(7,886	)
Deferred income taxes		(8,861	)
Other liabilities		(100	)
Net identifiable assets		67,815
Goodwill		41,480
Total purchase price		109,295
Less: Fair value of earnout		7,139
Cash purchase price	$	102,156

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

The following table summarizes the fair value of our derivative financial instruments and the respective lines in which they were recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at August 31, 2024 and May 31, 2024:

	Fair Value of Assets					Fair Value of Liabilities
	Balance					Balance
	Sheet	August 31,		May 31,		Sheet	August 31,		May 31,
	Location	2024		2024		Location	2024		2024
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	917	$	601	Accounts payable	$	263	$	83
Commodity contracts	Other assets		-		-	Other liabilities		-		21
Subtotal			917		601			263		104
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity contracts	Receivables	$	58	$	319	Accounts payable	$	239	$	69
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Receivables		-		-	Accounts payable		200		1,248
Subtotal			58		319			439		1,317
Total derivative financial instruments		$	975	$	920		$	702	$	1,421

Schedule of Summary of Derivative Hedges

The following table summarizes our economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments outstanding at August 31, 2024:

	Notional
	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	1,364	September 2024 - June 2025
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	66,039	November 2024

Schedule of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings for Economic (Non-Designated) Derivative Financial Instruments

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in earnings for economic (non-designated) derivative financial instruments for the periods presented:

		Gain
		Recognized in Earnings
		Three Months Ended
	Location of Gain	August 31,
	Recognized in Earnings	2024		2023
Commodity contracts	Cost of goods sold	$	87	$	843
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Miscellaneous income, net		1,047		-
Total		$	1,134	$	843

Cash Flow Hedges

Schedule of Summary of Derivative Hedges

The following table summarizes our cash flow hedges outstanding at August 31, 2024:

	Notional
	Amount		Maturity Date(s)
Commodity contracts	$	3,407	September 2024 - December 2025

The following table summarizes the gain (loss) recognized in OCI and the gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into net earnings for derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges for the periods presented:

				Location of	Gain (Loss)
	Gain (Loss)			Gain (Loss)	Reclassified
	Recognized			Reclassified from AOCI	from AOCI
	in OCI			into Net Earnings	into Net Earnings
For the three months ended August 31, 2024:
Commodity contracts	$	(398	)	Cost of goods sold	$	(385	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense, net		52
Total	$	(398	)		$	(333	)
For the three months ended August 31, 2023:
Commodity contracts	$	(411	)	Cost of goods sold	$	(669	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Loss on extinguishment of debt		(641	)
Interest rate contracts		-		Interest expense		31
Foreign currency exchange contracts		23		Miscellaneous income, net		53
Total	$	(388	)		$	(1,226	)

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Fair Value (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis

At August 31, 2024, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	975	$	-	$	975
Total assets	$	-	$	975	$	-	$	975
Liabilities (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	702	$	-	$	702
Total liabilities	$	-	$	702	$	-	$	702

At May 31, 2024, our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	920	$	-	$	920
Total assets	$	-	$	920	$	-	$	920
Liabilities (1)
Derivative financial instruments	$	-	$	1,421	$	-	$	1,421
Total liabilities	$	-	$	1,421	$	-	$	1,421

——————————————————

(1)The fair value of our derivative financial instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities. Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows. Refer to “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative financial instruments.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on Non-Recurring Basis

At May 31, 2024, our assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis were as follows:

	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Totals
Assets
Investment in note receivable (1)	$	-	$	5,000	$	-	$	5,000
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate (2)		-		-		31,367		31,367
Total assets	$	-	$	5,000	$	31,367	$	36,367

——————————————————

(1)Reflects the write-down of an investment in notes receivable that was determined to be other than temporarily impaired.

(2)On May 29, 2024, in connection with the contribution of the net assets of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment to the newly-formed Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture, we obtained a 49% minority ownership interest in the joint venture. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, our minority ownership interest in the Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture was recorded at its acquisition date fair value of $31,367.

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Basis of Presentation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Feb. 01, 2024
Halo
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Percent of controlling interest by the Company		80.00%
Worthington Steel | Long-term Steel Supply Agreement
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Purchases	$ 28,431
Payable	$ 7,424

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Discontinued Operations - Summary of Financial Results from Discontinued Operations of Worthington Steel (Detail) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Other income (expense):
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest	$ 72,872
Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Net sales	881,338
Cost of goods sold	753,479
Gross profit	127,859
Selling, general and administrative expense	37,802
Impairment of long-lived assets	1,401
Separation costs	3,626
Operating income	85,030
Other income (expense):
Miscellaneous income, net	710
Interest expense, net	(2,009)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliate	8,957
Earnings before income taxes	92,688
Income tax expense	19,816
Net earnings	72,872
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest	3,597
Net earnings attributable to controlling interest	$ 69,275

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Discontinued Operations - Summary of Significant Non Cash Operating Items and Capital Expenditures of Discontinued Operations Included in Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Significant non-cash operating items:
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate, net of distributions	$ (3,453)	$ (10,225)
Stock-based compensation	$ 3,925	4,516
Discontinued Operations
Significant non-cash operating items:
Depreciation and amortization		16,250
Impairment of long-lived assets		1,401
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliate, net of distributions		(8,957)
Stock-based compensation		1,157
Significant investing activities:
Investment in property, plant and equipment		$ (19,775)

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates	$ 140,467,000	$ 144,863,000
Excess dividends received from investing activity	$ 0
ClarkDietrich
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	25.00%
Sustainable Energy Solutions
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	49.00%
WAVE
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	50.00%
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates	$ 110,522,000	$ 111,905,000
Workhorse
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	20.00%
Serviacero Worthington
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates	$ 38,945,000

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Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates - Schedule of Combined Financial Information for Unconsolidated Affiliates (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	May 31, 2024
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 178,547		$ 244,225
Total assets	1,645,271		1,638,637
Current liabilities	166,238		178,376
Long-term debt	300,009		298,133
Other non-current liabilities	57,918		62,243
Equity	901,353		888,879
Total liabilities and equity	1,645,271		1,638,637
Net sales	257,308	$ 311,918
Gross profit	62,495	69,630
Net earnings	24,008	99,703
Equity Method Investment, Nonconsolidated Investee, Other
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	43,939		36,163
Other current assets	566,270		605,043
Noncurrent assets	368,543		360,261
Total assets	978,752		1,001,467
Current liabilities	216,817		264,963
Current maturities of long-term debt	6,583		13,450
Long-term debt	356,485		349,431
Other non-current liabilities	146,754		146,984
Equity	252,113		226,639
Total liabilities and equity	978,752		$ 1,001,467
Net sales	515,673	568,584
Gross profit	134,335	173,017
Operating income	94,346	131,447
Depreciation and amortization	8,006	7,576
Interest expense	4,758	5,739
Income tax expense	645	909
Net earnings	$ 90,682	$ 125,653

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Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Impaired Long-Lived Assets Held and Used [Line Items]
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	$ 30,790	$ 35,791

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Restructuring and Other Expense, Net - Schedule of Progression of Liabilities Associated with Restructuring Activities, Combined with Reconciliation to Restructuring and Other Income, Net (Detail) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Loss on sale of assets	$ 723
Restructuring and other expense, net	1,158
Early Retirement And Severance
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	188
Expense	435
Payments	(423)
Ending Balance	$ 200

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Restructuring and Other Expense, Net - Schedule of Progression of Liabilities Associated with Restructuring Activities, Combined with Reconciliation to Restructuring and Other Income, Net (Parenthetical) (Detail) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Loss on deconsolidation of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions	$ 723

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Guarantees - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Stand-by Letters of Credit
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Letter of credit amount outstanding	$ 10,500,000
Drawn amount of letter of credit outstanding	0
Operating Lease of Aircraft
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum potential obligation	$ 15,095,000

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Debt - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Debt And Receivables Securitization [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, description	Our multi-year revolving Credit Facility is scheduled to mature on September 27, 2028. Borrowings under the Credit Facility have maturities of up to one year. We have the option to borrow at rates equal to an applicable margin over the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, the Prime Rate of PNC Bank, National Association or the Adjusted Daily Simple SOFR.
Borrowings outstanding	$ 0	$ 0
Multi-year Revolving Credit Facility
Debt And Receivables Securitization [Line Items]
Maturity date	Sep. 27, 2028
Remaining borrowing capacity	$ 500,000,000	$ 500,000,000
Multi-year Revolving Credit Facility | Maximum
Debt And Receivables Securitization [Line Items]
Debt maturity period	1 year

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Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Summary of Tax Effects on Each Component of OCI (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Components Of Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Abstract]
Foreign currency translation, before tax	$ (12)	$ 1,326
Foreign currency translation, tax	553	118
Foreign currency translation, net of tax	541	1,444
Pension liability adjustment, before tax	(7)
Pension liability adjustment, tax		(3)
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax	(7)	3
Cash flow hedges, before tax	(65)	(8,811)
Cash flow hedges, tax	15	1,962
Cash flow hedges, net of tax	(50)	(6,849)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(84)	(7,485)
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax	568	2,077
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	$ 484	$ (5,408)

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Changes in Equity - Summary of Changes in Equity by Component and in Total (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Balance	$ 891,012	$ 1,821,628
Net earnings (loss)	24,008	99,703
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	484	(5,408)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax	(3,158)	(5,130)
Common shares in non-qualified plans	32	130
Stock-based compensation	6,216	8,995
Purchases and retirement of common shares	(6,803)
Cash dividends declared	(8,550)	(16,081)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		(1,921)
Balance	903,241	1,901,916
Additional Paid-in Capital
Balance	299,033	290,799
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax	(3,158)	(5,130)
Common shares in non-qualified plans	32	130
Stock-based compensation	6,216	8,995
Purchases and retirement of common shares	(884)
Balance	301,239	294,794
AOCI, Net of Tax
Balance	454	(23,179)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	484	(5,408)
Balance	938	(28,587)
Retained Earnings
Balance	589,392	1,428,391
Net earnings (loss)	24,253	96,106
Purchases and retirement of common shares	(5,919)
Cash dividends declared	(8,550)	(16,081)
Balance	599,176	1,508,416
Parent
Balance	888,879	1,696,011
Net earnings (loss)	24,253	96,106
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	484	(5,408)
Common shares issued, net of withholding tax	(3,158)	(5,130)
Common shares in non-qualified plans	32	130
Stock-based compensation	6,216	8,995
Purchases and retirement of common shares	(6,803)
Cash dividends declared	(8,550)	(16,081)
Balance	901,353	1,774,623
Noncontrolling Interest
Balance	2,133	125,617
Net earnings (loss)	(245)	3,597
Dividends to noncontrolling interests		(1,921)
Balance	$ 1,888	$ 127,293

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Changes in Equity - Summary of Changes in AOCI (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
		Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance		$ 891,012	$ 1,821,628
Income tax effect		568	2,077
Balance		903,241	1,901,916
Foreign Currency Translation
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance		(669)	(22,123)
OCI before reclassifications		(12)	1,326
Income tax effect		553	118
Balance		(128)	(20,679)
Pension Liability Adjustment
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance		(441)	(1,730)
OCI before reclassifications		(7)
Income tax effect			3
Balance		(448)	(1,733)
Cash Flow Hedges
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance		1,564	674
OCI before reclassifications		(398)	(2,038)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings	[1]	333	(6,773)
Income tax effect		15	1,962
Balance		1,514	(6,175)
AOCI
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Balance		454	(23,179)
OCI before reclassifications		(417)	(712)
Reclassification adjustments to net earnings	[1]	333	(6,773)
Income tax effect		568	2,077
Balance		$ 938	$ (28,587)

[1] The statement of earnings classification of amounts reclassified to net income for cash flow hedges is disclosed in “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.”

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Equity (Additional Information) (Details) - shares	Aug. 31, 2024	Mar. 24, 2021	Mar. 20, 2019
Equity [Abstract]
Share Repurchase Program, Authorized, Number of Shares		5,618,464	6,600,000
Share Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized, Number of Shares	5,915,000	10,000,000

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Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense	$ 3,925	$ 4,516
Non-Qualified Stock Options
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Non-qualified stock options, granted	31,200
Non-qualified stock option, per share weighted average price	$ 47
Non-qualified stock option, weighted average fair value, per share price	$ 17.57
Pre-tax stock-based compensation, period of recognition	3 years
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense	$ 548
Service-Based Restricted Common Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Pre-tax stock-based compensation, period of recognition	3 years
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense	$ 3,901
Restricted common shares, granted	82,930
Restricted common shares, fair value per share	$ 47.04
Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,133
Restricted common shares, granted	24,100
Pre-tax stock-based compensation, period of recognition	3 years

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Stock-Based Compensation - Assumptions To Value Stock Options (Detail) - Non-Qualified Stock Options	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Dividend yield	1.35%
Expected volatility	36.90%
Risk-free interest rate	4.28%
Expected term (years)	6 years

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Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Estimated annual effective income tax rate	24.50%	25.10%

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Earnings Per Share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Attributable to Controlling Interest (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Numerator (basic & diluted):
Net earnings from continuing operations attributable to controlling interest	$ 24,253	$ 26,831
Denominator (shares in thousands):
Basic EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares	49,487	48,842
Effect of dilutive securities	878	1,044
Diluted EPS from continuing operations - weighted average common shares	50,365	49,886
Basic EPS from continuing operations	$ 0.49	$ 0.55
Diluted EPS from continuing operations	$ 0.48	$ 0.54

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Earnings Per Share - Additional Information (Detail) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Shares excluded from computation of diluted earnings per share	77,837	26,296

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Segment Operations - Additional Information (Detail)	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024 Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments	2

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Segment Operations - Financial Information for Reportable Segments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023	May 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 257,308	$ 311,918
Restructuring and other expense, net	1,158
Separation costs		2,410
Miscellaneous income, net	486	299
Loss on extinguishment of debt		1,534
Equity income	35,492	45,424
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	30,790	35,791
Total assets of continuing operations	1,645,271		$ 1,638,637
Total assets of continuing operations	1,645,271		1,638,637
Unallocated Corporate and Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales		28,637
Restructuring and other expense, net	869
Separation costs		2,410
Miscellaneous income, net	227	211
Loss on extinguishment of debt		1,534
Equity income	(1,153)	381
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	(9,067)	(8,052)
Total
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	48,437	65,915
Total Reportable Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	257,308	283,281
Restructuring and other expense, net	289
Miscellaneous income, net	259	88
Equity income	36,645	45,043
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	57,504	73,967
Total assets of continuing operations	1,342,493		1,230,549
Total Reportable Segments | Consumer products
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	117,596	117,353
Miscellaneous income, net	17	25
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	17,775	14,275
Total assets of continuing operations	564,744		557,826
Total Reportable Segments | Building Products
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net sales	139,712	165,928
Restructuring and other expense, net	289
Miscellaneous income, net	242	63
Equity income	36,645	45,043
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations	39,729	$ 59,692
Total assets of continuing operations	777,749		672,723
Unallocated Corporate and Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total assets of continuing operations	$ 302,778		$ 408,088

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Segment Operations - Reconciliation from Earnings Before Income Taxes to Adjusted EBITDA from Continuing Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
		Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Earnings before income taxes		$ 30,790	$ 35,791
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(245)
Net earnings before income taxes attributable to controlling interest		31,035	35,791
Interest expense, net		489	1,074
EBIT	[1]	31,524	36,865
Corporate costs eliminated at Separation			9,672
Restructuring and other expense, net		1,158
Separation costs			2,410
Loss on extinguishment of debt			1,534
Adjusted EBIT	[1]	32,682	50,481
Depreciation and amortization		11,830	12,075
Stock-based compensation		3,925	3,359
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations		$ 48,437	$ 65,915

[1] EBIT and adjusted EBIT are not used by management to evaluate our performance, engage in financial and operational planning, or to determine incentive compensation. Instead, they are included as subtotals in the reconciliation of earnings before income taxes to adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations, which management uses to assess operating performance.

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Acquisitions - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 03, 2024	May 31, 2024
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Earnout payment	$ 7,000
Ragasco
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase price	102,156
Increase in purchase consideration	14,000
Potential earn out payment		$ 11,343
Ragasco | Preliminary Valuation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase price	109,295
Earnout payment	$ 7,139

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Acquisitions - Schedule of Acquisition of Identifiable Intangible Assets (Detail) - Ragasco $ in Thousands	Jun. 03, 2024 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired indefinite lived intangible assets	$ 32,840
Trade Name
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Useful Life (Years)	10 years
Acquired indefinite lived intangible assets	$ 5,520
Technological Know-How
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Useful Life (Years)	10 years
Acquired indefinite lived intangible assets	$ 14,660
Customer Relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Useful Life (Years)	15 years
Acquired indefinite lived intangible assets	$ 12,660

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Acquisitions - Schedule of Consideration Transferred and the Preliminary Fair Value Assigned to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 03, 2024	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill		$ 373,375	$ 331,595
Less: Fair value of earnout	$ 7,000
Ragasco
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total purchase price	102,156
Ragasco | Preliminary Valuation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	1,925
Accounts receivable	8,554
Inventory	16,403
Other current assets	990
Property, plant and equipment	27,325
Operating lease assets	8,834
Intangible assets	32,840
Total identifiable assets	96,871
Accounts payable	(4,885)
Current operating lease liability	(980)
Accrued expenses	(6,344)
Noncurrent operating lease liability	(7,886)
Deferred income taxes	(8,861)
Other liabilities	(100)
Net identifiable assets	67,815
Goodwill	41,480
Total purchase price	109,295
Less: Fair value of earnout	7,139
Cash purchase price	$ 102,156

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	$ 975	$ 920
Fair Value of Liabilities	702	1,421
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	917	601
Fair Value of Liabilities	263	104
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Receivables
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	917	601
Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Other Liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Liabilities		21
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	58	319
Fair Value of Liabilities	439	1,317
Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts | Receivables
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	58	319
Accounts Payable | Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Liabilities	263	83
Accounts Payable | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Liabilities	239	69
Accounts Payable | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments | Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Liabilities	$ 200	$ 1,248

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Detail) € in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($)	May 31, 2024 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2024 EUR (€)
Derivative [Line Items]
Impact to fair value of derivative assets and liabilities as a result of recognition on a gross basis	$ 682	$ 391
Gains in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be reclassified into net earnings	437
Gain in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be reclassified into net earnings, tax	143
Non-derivative Designated As Hedging Instrument | Foreign Currency Net Investment Hedge
Derivative [Line Items]
Outstanding principal amount | €			€ 91,700
Foreign currency gain (loss) recognized	$ 1,835

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Summary of Derivative Hedges (Detail) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Commodity Contracts | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 1,364
Commodity Contracts | Minimum | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date(s)	Sep. 30, 2024
Commodity Contracts | Maximum | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date(s)	Jun. 30, 2025
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 66,039
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Minimum | Derivatives Not Designated As Hedging Instruments
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date(s)	Nov. 30, 2024
Cash Flow Hedges | Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 3,407
Cash Flow Hedges | Commodity Contracts | Minimum
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date(s)	Sep. 30, 2024
Cash Flow Hedges | Commodity Contracts | Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Maturity Date(s)	Dec. 31, 2025

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Derivative Financials Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	$ (398)	$ (388)
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	$ (333)	$ (1,226)
Derivative Instrument, Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income, Effective Portion, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax, Parent	Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), after Reclassification and Tax, Parent
Commodity Contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	$ (398)
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	(385)
Commodity Contracts | Continuing Operations
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI		$ (411)
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings		(669)
Interest Rate Contract | Continuing Operations
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings	$ 52	(641)
Interest Rate Contracts | Continuing Operations
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings		31
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Continuing Operations
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI		23
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Net Earnings		$ 53

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - Schedule of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Earnings for Economic (Non-Designated) Derivative Financial Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2024	Aug. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain Recognized in Earnings	$ 1,134	$ 843
Commodity Contracts | Cost of Goods Sold | Continuing Operations
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain Recognized in Earnings	87	$ 843
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts | Miscellaneous Income, Net | Continuing Operations
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain Recognized in Earnings	$ 1,047

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Fair Value - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Detail) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	[1]	$ 975	$ 920
Liabilities	[1]	702	1,421
Derivative Financial Instruments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	[1]	975	1,421
Liabilities	[1]	702	920
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	[1]	975	920
Liabilities	[1]	702	1,421
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Derivative Financial Instruments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets	[1]	975	1,421
Liabilities	[1]	$ 702	$ 920

[1] The fair value of our derivative financial instruments is based on the present value of the expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities. Market observable, Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of the expected future cash flows. Refer to “Note O – Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information regarding our use of derivative financial instruments.

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Fair Value - Assets Measured at Fair Value on Non-Recurring Basis (Detail) - Fair Value, Nonrecurring $ in Thousands	May 31, 2024 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 36,367
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	5,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	31,367
Investment In Note Receivable
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	5,000	[1]
Investment In Note Receivable | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	5,000	[1]
Investments In Unconsolidated Affiliate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	31,367	[2]
Investments In Unconsolidated Affiliate | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets, Fair Value Disclosure	$ 31,367	[2]

[1] Reflects the write-down of an investment in notes receivable that was determined to be other than temporarily impaired.

[2] On May 29, 2024, in connection with the contribution of the net assets of our former Sustainable Energy Solutions operating segment to the newly-formed Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture, we obtained a 49% minority ownership interest in the joint venture. In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, our minority ownership interest in the Sustainable Energy Solutions joint venture was recorded at its acquisition date fair value of $31,367.

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Fair Value - Assets Measured at Fair Value on Non-Recurring Basis (Parenthetical) (Detail) - Sustainable Energy Solutions Joint Venture $ in Thousands	May 29, 2024 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Percent of ownership interest held in unconsolidated affiliates	49.00%
Fair market value of assets	$ 31,367

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Fair Value - Additional Information (Detail) - Long-term Debt - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2024	May 31, 2024
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt at fair value including current maturities	$ 266,478	$ 257,866
Long-term debt at carrying amount including current maturities	$ 300,009	$ 298,133