Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

May 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Earnings before Income Taxes

Earnings before income taxes for the prior three fiscal years included the following components:

	2024			2023		2022
U.S. based operations	$	107,643		$	149,670	$	212,811
Non – U.S. based operations		(33,636	)		10,616		(2,162	)
Earnings before income taxes		74,007			160,286		210,649
Plus: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests (1)		263			-		-
Earnings before income taxes attributable to controlling interest	$	74,270		$	160,286	$	210,649

(1)Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are not taxable to us.

Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Significant components of income tax expense (benefit) for the prior three fiscal years were as follows:

	2024			2023			2022
Current
Federal	$	32,743		$	34,734		$	38,893
State and local		1,576			2,891			3,089
Foreign		1,666			3,988			136
Subtotal		35,985			41,613			42,118
Deferred
Federal		(3,751	)		(4,427	)		9,158
State and local		3,801			(1,943	)		2,558
Foreign		2,992			(708	)		(1,133	)
Subtotal		3,042			(7,078	)		10,583
Total	$	39,027		$	34,535		$	52,701

Reconciliation of Federal Statutory Corporate Income Tax Rate to Total Tax Provision

A reconciliation of the federal statutory corporate income tax rate to total tax provision for the prior three fiscal years follows:

	2024			2023			2022
Federal statutory corporate income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%		21.0	%
State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefit		3.5			0.6			2.7
Non-U.S. income taxes at other than federal statutory rate		0.5			0.7			(0.3	)
Excess benefit related to share-based payment awards		(2.7	)		(0.1	)		(0.1	)
Non-deductible executive compensation		4.9			2.1			2.1
Research and development tax credit		(0.2	)		(0.8	)		-
Non-deductible spin-off transaction costs		7.5			-			-
Non-deductible note receivable impairment		3.2			-			-
Tax impact of Sustainable Energy Solutions impairment and deconsolidation		11.1			-			-
Deferred state tax adjustment due to spin-off		4.2			-			-
Other		(0.4	)		(2.0	)		(0.4	)
Effective tax rate attributable to controlling interest		52.6	%		21.5	%		25.0	%

The above effective tax rate attributable to controlling interest excludes any impact from the inclusion of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of earnings. The effective tax rate upon inclusion of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests was 52.7% for fiscal 2024. Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are primarily a result of our acquisition of Halo in fiscal 2024. The earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interests in Halo do not generate tax expense to us since the investors in Halo’s operations are taxed directly based on the earnings attributable to them.

Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A tabular reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits follows:

Balance at May 31, 2023	$	3,467
Increases - tax positions taken in prior years		-
Decreases - tax positions taken in prior years		-
Increases - current tax positions		-
Settlements		-
Lapse of statutes of limitations		-
Balance at May 31, 2024	$	3,467

Approximately $709 of the liability for unrecognized tax benefits is expected to be settled in the next twelve months due to the expiration of statutes of limitations in various tax jurisdictions and as a result of expected settlements with various tax jurisdictions. While it is expected that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months, any change is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of May 31 were as follows:

	2024			2023
Deferred tax assets
Accounts receivable	$	850		$	590
Note receivable		2,346			-
Inventories		3,616			2,765
Accrued expenses		13,238			18,683
Net operating loss carry forwards		5,497			7,465
Stock-based compensation		3,508			1,838
Derivative contracts		303			438
Operating lease - ROU liability		4,595			5,731
Capital loss		10,110			-
Other		3,866			2,349
Total deferred tax assets		47,929			39,859
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets		(7,083	)		(5,480	)
Net deferred tax assets		40,846			34,379
Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment		(28,770	)		(27,970	)
Intangibles		(72,898	)		(68,998	)
Investment in affiliated companies, principally due    to undistributed earnings		(17,434	)		(11,212	)
Operating lease - ROU asset		(4,613	)		(5,654	)
Other		(1,281	)		(2,891	)
Total deferred tax liability		(124,996	)		(116,725	)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(84,150	)	$	(82,346	)